Evening Star Newspaper, June 17, 1935, Page 10

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY veo.June 17, 1985 THEODORE W. The Evening Star Newspaper Company. i SR Feabisivania Ave, - Oifice, 110, East 4204 NOYES.,... 11th CMI&' Lake Buropean s Rewent St.. London. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Rezular Edition. The Even e The jos St sundu au: iand 4bg per month 60c per month ar .flMMrmnln.h ... B¢ per copy “70c per month mnn'.h or Qnnel® sba0. Rate by Mlll-—-rlylbh in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..l yr. $10.00; 1 mo., only B L ; 1 mo.. 50e 0c Al Other States and Canada. Daily and Sun 1 yr. sl“ 1 e, $1.00 Daily only . 780 mmdu only . 1 yT.. saoo. 1 mo 50c ‘Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is excllmvely entitled w0 the use for xepublication of all news dispatches credited to it or not othel credited this [urfl' lnd also the local news published hernl.n ights of nllhllclnon of special dispatches herein are aiso reserved Permanent Social Security. “Hothouse methods,” presumably of the New Deal, will not bring permanent social growth, Herbert Hoover told the graduating class of Stanford Univer- sity 8t that the way to success is through hard and iniensive work, and that men snd women musi rely for a livelihood upon themselves rather than upon & are taugbt that the Governmeni owes 10 every one & living and in addition & iob, the advice of Mr. Hoover to this | vear's graduates of Stanford University 1= well timed. There is a homeliness about the ideals and principles men- tioned by the former Presideni of the United States that will find an echoing sentiment in the breasts of many of his fellow citizens. v is rarely thai any one geis some- | thing for nothing. 1t may be put down as fact that no one gets anvthing for nothing thai has permanent and bene- ficial value. If the people get some- thing for nothing from the State it will not keep them in happiness long, nor will it bring about higher standards of living. Rather it will tend to lower all standards. The one great boon, the greatest of all under the American sys- tem of government, must be the price of these gifts of government—freedom. And this fact Mr. Hoover drove home in his address to the students of the university of which he became a gradu- ate forty vears ago. Mr. Hoover said—and it is & matter which every American should consider seriously: “The concentration of eco- nomic power and the concentration of political power are equally destructive. There never has been nor ever will be freedom when powers of government are | in a man or in & group of men. More- over, all history teaches us that even | majorities canndt be trusted with the Ark of Freedom without checks.” Is it better for men to struggle upward in freedom, or is it better for them to owe what happiness thev may attain to & benevolent despoi—to a government all powerful, by whatever name it may be kxnown? These are problems which Americans must ponder. There is a tendency away from the old ideas of freedom of action toward a concentra- tion of power in a central government, away from the rights of the individual to ownership in the things which he produces by the sweai of his brow toward public ownership. There has been more than a sus- picion that some of the more ardent New Dealers seek first of all “reform,” that with them “recovery” is secondary. The reform that they seek is a change in government, in the form of govern- ment. The perfection of life is to come through national planning, and they are to make the plans. “Administrative flat” was the term applied by Mr. Hoover | to this system of government which seeks great power in the hands of the Executive, delegated by the legislative branch. Insiead, Mr. Hoover proposes a government by specific laws, the kind of government which this country has known from its beginning, until recently. ————— Economists are compelled io npply: candid analysis to the theory that there will always be an inexhaustible fund of taxes from which to draw pensions and other forms of relief. ————— An American bramn trust f& another Institution that has to be safeguarded against aggressive exportations from abroad. “Limited Objectives.” In a statemeni accompanying execu- tive orders providing for the continua- tion of the skeletonized N. R. A, the President spoke of the advisability of retaining certain personnel in conform- ity with “present limited objectives.” The limitations set upon those objec- tives are more sharply defined than the objectives themselves. The new N. R. A. organization will mainly content itself with functions assigned to the newly created Division of Review and Division of Business Co-operation. The Division of Review will “assemble, of industry under the former codes of fair competition and their effect upon trade, industrial and labor conditions in general. The Division of Business Co- operation will “aid in the voluntary maintenance by trade and industrial groups of standards of fair competition,” in the elimination of elements of unfair its commencement exercises. | Nor can sudden inspiration or panaceas | bring about universal social security. | Mr. Hoover is one of those who believes | | by | President, government. In these davs, when people | competition and In mamuaining sources of information helpful to the work of the Division of Review. But while these and related activities will result in the retention of an estimated 1,700 employes out of the 5,400 employed in the former N. R. A, the chief reason for their re- tention is undoubtedly expressed in the' President’s view that “so long * * * as there is a possibility of further legis- lation it will be desirable to maintain | the general structure of the Recovery Administration.” The admidstration still looks for- ward to a new, living N. R. A, through the possibility of future legisiation. What it will be no one knows. Bui of what died last night at the faial siroke of midnight there can be no mistake. Something more than the N. R. A, and its limping emblem, the once proud Blue Eagle, went out of existence. As the Blue Eagle was borne to Valhalla, there might have been heard above Washing- ton the faint echo of shrill voices, not unlike the play on the upper strings of the violins in the “Ride of the Valkyries.” And the careful listener might have heard, drifting back to earth, what these receding whispers were saying—caught the sound of “Tories,” “Chiselers” “Dead Cats,” “Witch Dociors,” “Bank ‘Wreckers,” “Hobgoblins,” “Social Nean- derthalers,” “Subsidized economists,stat- isticians, financial writers, high-powered publicists” and “Traitors.” They were & part of the age of the Blue Eagle, and, with the passing of that age, they, too, have gone. e > Cardenas vs. Calles. Mexico appears to have developed & new “strong man” in its forty-year-old President, Lazaro Cardenas. His ener- getic action in the coniroversy provoked | the hitherto all-powerful Im'merk Gen. Plutarco Elias Calles, | has, according to all accounts, left that unofficial dictator of Mexican politics completely worsted and the Cardenas | regime the master of the situation. For nearly seven years “strong man” Calles | has ruled, in ostensible retirement, from his rural retreat in the interior, bending | successive cabinets at Mexico City to his will and molding national policies. In young President Cardenas the squire | of Cuernavaca has at last found his match and the réign of the “Callisias” is broken. Maiters rushed to this climax with & rapidity and suddenness unusual even | in revolutionary Mexico. The current situation was provoked by s manifesio issued by Gen. Calles last week criti- cizing the labor-radical tendencies of the Cardenas government. Suspecting sub- versive Calles influence within his cab- inet, the President forthwith dissolved it and proclaimed his intention of form- ing a new government purged of all suspicion of Calles affiliatiogs. The former soldier-President has been sus- pected of pro-capitalistic designs on the | Cardenas program of social reforms to | be carried out on strongly liberalized THE EVENING STAR. WASHINGTON. D. . funds to preserve the health of the resi- dents of the District, the per capita ex~ is about eighty cenis—more than s dollar less than the standard per capita health expenditures which professional study has decreed is de- sirable. 5 ‘There is no reason why there should nok be the finest Zoo in the country in ‘Washingtor, as well as adequate public health protection. Dr. Mann has the support of laymen, as 'well as scientists, in the fine work he is doing to make it the finest Zoo. But it is impossible for & community of the size and resources of Washington to support a National Zoo, and the many other National and semi-National undertakings in the Amer- jcan Capital, and to support essential community institutions and services at the same time without material assist- ance from the exclusively controlling National Government. And when the support of the National Government is whittled away, through arbitrary, capricious lump-sum reduc- tions, the institutions which suffer most, strange to say, are those which affect the local taxpayers. 1f the animals at the Zoo lacked food and if they lacked the expert care which keeps them in good health, there would be a mighty roar of disapproval and condemnation. Bui some members of Congress view apathetically, or with studied indiffer- ence, s condition which finds the local health authorities denied the financial backing which would enable them to undertake preventive measures not only saving human lives, but saving thou- | sands upon thousands of dollars later on in the hospitalization of men and women. That situation has caused only amazement, but indignation. . eee Cabaret fan dancers were arresied niscence of Little Egypt and The Mid- way Plaisance. Perhaps our old-time morals were not so superior, after all. .~ The mechanistic ers has mnot pro- gressed far enough to permit a Alibus- | terer to spare his voice by occasionally | substituting a few phonograph records. o the determinaiion of gangsters, while | vemporarily prosperous, to patronize the very best hotels. — e Tt is confidently believed that N.R. A can be perpetuated without giving the turther to worry about. et The plr.henc appearance o! me oid Republican elephant suggesis that the 8. P. C. A. ought to add its initials to the political line-up. ——— ‘The Shriners have gone hnmz uw left ihe city with fewer parking problems to | interrupt quarrels among themselves. et = bhoonng Stars. With the whole-hearted support of | both workers and political leaders, Pres- ident Cardenas at the moment seems invincible. He is counting, oo, on the army. That is always a vital factor in Mexican political turmoil. In former times it was a pliable tool in Calles’ hands, and it was while he was in con- trol of it as minister of war, following the crushing of the rebellion against the Portes Gil provisional government, in 1929, that he established himself in the “strong man” role from which Car- denas has at length ejected him. The Presideni has enlisted the support of | Mexico's two strongest military leaders, Gens. Almazan and Cedillo. With them in his cabinet, Cardenas is confident of holding the army in line and of resist- ing any real threat to the government’s autherity. The extent of the decline of Calles’ power is evidenced by reports that the “iron man” is now in hiding and preparing io flee the country. During his seven months in office President Cardenas has given consistent proof of executive firmness and ability. Religious controversy has fanned the partisan flames and it has not been easy for the National Revolutionary party to steer Mexico through -the difficulties which so remorselessly pursue her, but the youthful President is bent upon establishing and preserving the sanc- tity of constitutional government and ridding the republic of one-man rule of the Calles model. He is manifestly ready for a showdown. A mistrial is expennve espechlly S0 if it consumes vast areas of print paper. The public has been educated to regard scandalous discussion in court as a form { of public contest. Health and Zoo Costs. As a newcomer to Washington, Dr. | Ruhland, the health officerais struck by the anomaly witnessed in a Capital Qity which maintains, on high standards, & great National Zoo, but fails miserably in its provisions for safeguarding the health of its people. If there were a mortality rate among the animals of the Zoo that compared with the mor- tality rate among human beings in | Washington suffering from tuberculosis, | the demand would be made for an in- vestigation to determine the reason. Once found, the Ttemedy would be applied. The anomaly is more striking when it is recalled that appropriations for the National Zoological Park are made on exactly the same basis that appropria- tions are made for the Health Depart- ment; that is, the local taxpayers pay proportionately as much to maintain the National Zoological Park, under the con- trol of the regents of the Smithsonian Institution, as they-do to pay the ex- penses of the Health Department. There were, in the last fiscal year, 2,238 “specimens” at the Zoo, ranging | from elephants to lizards; from eagles | ‘which makes the expense per capita, or per specimen, about $102. But for the Health Department, which spends its BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Exceedingly Busy. He who draws a compensation Por the work of legislation Must not hope to find & sinecure serene. He must hustle in conventions; He must listen to contentions And prepare opinions for a magazine. The stenographers gei dizay As he keeps their notebooks busy ‘With the many trains of thought that he can start. For his oratory reaches Into such a sum of speeches heart, He must watch the demonstrations That take place in distant nations And discuss them in a philosophic vein. ‘To his speeches economic He must add some touches comic Just to show his nature bas & human strain, He must dictate, he must scribble, Tl he scarce has time to nibble At 2 biscuit as the pangs of hunger creep. Such a record he is making That he’s bravely undertaking sleep! An Undesirable Impression. “So you see no future for socialism?” “None whatever,” replied Senator | Sorghum, “at least not in my part of the country. As soon as you talk to those people about a general distribu- tion of wealth, they take it for granted and shake you.” Jud Tunkins says the only way some men could be happy would be to keep moving to whaiever town is standing at the top of the base ball list. 4 The Pesky Mule. The old mule has a stubborn way That loses many a trick; For, when he doesn't balk, they say He's almost sure to kick. The clumsy way the best man man- ages the wedding ring is the first inci- dent that leads a young wife to lose con- fidence in her husband’s old associations. Clothes and People. De clothes dey keeps a-changin’ In a migty curious way. De fashions is a-ragin’ Fum de solemn to de gay. De hats is kind o’ funny An’ de shoes is sort o’ queer, An’ dey cost a heap of money, Sumpin’ mo’ f'tm year to year. But de men is brave an’ hearty An’ de women good an’ fair. De gals dey gives a party An’ de boys escorts 'em there. An’ dar is'n’ nufin’ strange in _Love an’ life’s eternal game. De clothes dey keep a-changin’ But de folks is jest de same. “Hold on to yoh hopefulness an’ pa- tience,” said Uncle Eben, “but don't sit down an’ let em interfere wif yoh reglar work. ‘Cause if you does, & whole lot ©’ folks is gwinter mistake ‘em for com- mon lssiness.” others than Dr. Ruhland to express not while playing “Streets of Cairo” in remi- | Sochl life is hindered wmewnn by | United States Supreme Court anything | the preservation of peace. That he hasn’t time to learn them all by | -To acquire the art of talking in his | that you haven’t any worth noticing | THE POLITICAL By €. Gould Lincols. ga £ Ay tion that government can make to busi- ness.” “Franklin D. Rooseveli speech st Butte, Mont., September 19, 1932: * Remember well, that attitude and method—the way we do things, not just the way we say things—is nearly always the measure of our sincerity.’ “Expenditures of the United Suw Government, George Washington Woodrow Wilson, 1789-1913, total of 114 years (including three wars), $24.521,- 845,000. “Expenditures of Roosevel{ adminis- tration, as estimated by himself, actual for 1934 and his estimate for 1935 and 1936, total of three years (including no war), $24,206,533,000. “(Why not make copies of this and | send to ten other men and ask them o do likewise.)” ek Yesterday in Madison, capital of Wis- consin, the memory of the late Senator Robert Marion La Follette was hon- | ored—the tenth anniversary of his death. | Not long before he died the late Sen- ator La Follette abandoned the Repub- lican party to lead a third party ticket, | | had thrown in his lot with La Folleite in the Progressive campaign of 1924. And Nye has been of the Progressive faction in the Senate ever since. He has been a leader in the movement to take the profit out of war as a means toward It is not strange, therefore, that at the tomb of llentlusvinhflmofom-nmflflm * ok ¥ X Nye said on this subject, bringing it up to date: “Today there is as much danger of us into more war as destroy the oppurtunity for profit from war which was such irresistible temp- MONDAY. JUNE 17, | who insists on shaking hands every time amity, but much of it is just talk. | for strangers or for acquaintances or 1935. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. The excessive hand-shaker betrays his , emotionalism. This may or may not be a fault, «[ course. Rational men are supposed to be rules | by intelligence, but it is s question whether many of them really are. The rule of reeson, one may think, | is largely bluff. ‘The guiding less often has because | and desires, lead us on to give a rational interpretation of their importunity. * % e ‘Everybody knows one of these fellows you meet. Ususlly he is not & bad sort at all. It may be said for him that he is friendly, in a world where friendliness is not yei, even after all these centuries, on the big basis it ought to occupy. There is a great deal of talk about True friendliness still is very much of an ideal. | Somatrhmmtunwrdmwy‘ ! o shaking hands l *x v How much, therefore, of the hand- | shaker’s gesture is real. and how much Just gesture, must be left to the victim in each case. Usually it is not until the fellow has held out his paw on several mornings in & row that we realize he is unusual. That is what he is. Ordinarily the hand clasp is reserved free from “blah,” is & Godsend to » mnation. ‘The man who insists on shaking hands nlunomecdnyuven!nlm.n: Fortunately, he pnblb!y will never | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Raskin. A reader can get the answer to omy Question of jact by writing The Washing- ton Evening Star Information Bureow, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D.C. Please inclose stamp for reply. G. 1s there a motion picture camera with sufficierit speed to record the move- ments of flying insects?—A, R. H. A.One has been developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Q. Which is the oldest flag now in ! ues?—A. R. A. The flag of Denmark is the oldest. Legend assigns 1o it the date of 1219, and jt is known 10 have been in ex- | istence soon afterward. §!a§§§§§s 355?3? Q. Who invented the elactric robot | supposed to eliminaie advertising telk on the radio?—H. G. A. The device is the invention of Prof G. W. Kendrick of Tufts College. Q. How often does the new moon rise | at the same fime on the same day of | the year?—R. C. A. This is known as the Metonie eyele and is a period of 235 svnodic months or 19 years. Q. How long was Methusaleh supposed to have lived?—M. T. A. Tt is recorded that he lived 969 | years. Q. Please give some information about | Esther Montour, the Indian—E. G. friends after a comparative long sbsence from each other. ‘This man insists on ciasping hands | with you every time he meets you. k¥ Tt is said that the elemental shake | | arose in order to prove that there was | no weapon in the hand. The right hands were used to free the strongest hand and arm from suspieion. Can it be that the constant hand- shaker desires to show his good will in an elemental fasbion? It would seem difficuit io believe so. Too many centuries have gone by since the custom arose. Some amount of the original usage may linger, but in the | main the first reasons for hand-shaking | no longer loom large. We must look elsewhere for the real reason why certain men insist on stick- | ing out the right hand almost every time | they meet one. * %x * 1t is the sign of an emotional nature, but what promotes it? | ‘What we call an emotional nature. of | course, is simply the nature which | shows it. ‘ All of us are more or less emotional, some of us manage to conceal our emo- tions better. This comes abous through ancestry, training, environment. ‘The “poker face” u'l.lel. 100, because ihe intelligence wills Reserve is a good thlnx. ‘There ought to be more of it! A certain taciturnity, ! in speech, is helpful. The quiet nature, grand ladies who refuse (o shake hands at all. They just bow. At times this impresses the democratic | person as = liitle too much of a good thing, until such person stops to think that the refusal holds the balance true. In this world of action and reaction, there must be, and there usually is, & balancing principle for most things. T there are some persons who shake hands when there is no need of it there will be some who refuse to shake at all D In ordinary daily life the naiural at- titude is the best. Tf one is reticent, one will noi shake nhands. If effusive, one may. ‘The best way, however, is io shake hands when one wants to shake hands, but not 10 shake hands just to be doing | it, much in the same fashion thai one says “helio” o an acquainiance. The greeting by words and by handclasp are not the same. The fists, whether dlinched or clasped, are for these spe- | cisl uses, not by way of ordinary greet- the hand-shaking necessity inflicted on = President is believed to be something [ar = mockery. The hand proffered oo often and too easily must be accepted with sus- | | | | | ing. Everyme!eehthk.mtlswh_v' picion. It runs the risk of overdoing ‘ | more than words. WA@HINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WNLIAM WIIF This .is the annual period at which you hear business leaders express the fervent hope that Congress will make it snappy, wind up and go home. Cap- may do next. At the moment big busi- ness is chiefly anxious over aspects of Iaw is & case in point. So are those who risk the predic- that many black spots now en- visioned by elements for which the United States Chamber of Commerce speaks will noi prove to be half as dark window, industrial leaders now have a chance to prove whether annihilation of the Blue Eagle is the boon they said it would be. * k¥ oW Undoubiedly one of the reasons Presi- dent Roosevelt would like Congress to speed matiers up is that he wanis to concentrate tion energies on “making the diri fly” on work relief. | Despite delays in getting the monu- quently the Republicans in 1860 adopted a plank in their platform to the effect that the decision was ‘a dangerous political heresy, at variance with the explicit provisions of that instrument itself (the Constitution), with contem- pln.mous exposition and with legisla- and judicial precedent; is revolu- fimry in its tendency, and subversive of the peace and harmony of the o orox Political Washingion during the McKinley administration will figure conspicuously in “From Farm Boy to Financier,” a biography of Frank A. | ‘Vanderlip, New York banker, 1o be pub- lished later in the year. Boyden Sparkes, newspaper reporter and maga- zine writer, speni several weeks in ‘Washington this Spring digging up ma- terial for the book. Mr. Vanderlip came to Washington in 1897 as private sec- retary to Lyman J. Gage of Ghicago, McKinley's Secretary of the Treasury. Soon afferward he became an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, in which capacity he served four years. LR Dr. Alfred Sze, Chinese Minister at | ‘Washington, who is expected io become his country’s first Ambassador to the United States, recently received an hon- orary from Grinnell College, | degree Jowa. He is entertaining at dinner this week in honor of local Grinnell alumni, many of whom occupy key positions in the New Deal. Among them are Harry L. Hopkins, pivot man in the work- relief organization, and Chester C. Davis, A. A. A, boss. Dr. Sze himself is an alumnus of Cornell University and one of the most loyal “old grads” of Sec- | retary Morgenthau's alma mater. R Fresh honors come the way of the | Civilian Conazervaiion Corps, considered by many as the New Deal's banner achievement. The Carnegie Hero Fund Commission at its recent annual meei- ing in Pittsburgh made awards to two C.C. G. enrollees for life saving. In the case of Henry N. Bradfield of Camp Alabama, at Moulton, Ala, the award carried with it a citation, a bronze medal and a $1,000 dleek. The other case, which occurred in Connecticut, carried citation and a bronze medal. C.C. C. hero ? ‘bcy»therlaknthhownmemwhd dense smoke and fire for a dlmnneollboutdofeetlonve- comrade overcome by smoke and in immineni danger of being burned to death. Afier dragging his comrade to safety, Bradfield collapsed. Hereafter C. C. C. itself will recognize exceptional cases of bravery in the corps by award- ing special “certificates for valor” in cases of outstanding acts of heroism. (Copyright, 1935.) — e A Rhyme at Tmhght By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Starry Roads ‘What is rarer than cloudless westher ‘When life flutes but & merry tune, And we go for a drive together ‘Under the skies of & night in June? All the roads are full of lovers And of starshine soft and sweei, As the shadowy nighttime hovers ‘Where the day and darkness meet. on.mnlflumy’_onm-mmdi | | Caramels, 1451: | Oh, the bliss of it! The gay kiss of it— Over all too soon. A. Esther Montour, an Indian chief- tainess, usually known as Queen Esther, was reputed 1o have been the grand- daughter of Count de Frontenac. She became the wife of Eghobund, & chief of the Senecas, and gained great in- fluence among her people. She visited Philadelphia with the delegates of the six nations on several occasions. De- spite some good qualities, she was a savage ai heart, and in the Wyoming Massacre of July, 1778, tomahawked more than a dozen prisoners in revenge for the death of her son, Q. How much space is occupied by the National Bureau of Standards?—J. W. A. The site ocupied by the Nationat Bureau of Siandards consists of over 56 acres in suburban Washington. There are 11 major and 7 minor build- ings, each designed for a particular class of work and housing laboratory equip- ment and semi-commercial plants. Q. How long ‘have been used?—H. F. A. The use of these hoods daies from academic hoods | a period far earlier than the Middle Ages in Europe. Tn Asia thev go back more than 1,000 years. Q. What is the real name of the meas- uring worm?—F. S A. It is a geometrid. Q. What was the first newspaper 'o be set by machine and printed by elec- tricity?—G. W. A. The Ilion, N. Y. Citizen, on Septem- ber 26, 1884, announced that it was the first newspaper in the world to be se. entirely by machine and printed by electricity. So far as is known this was the first atiempt to apply electricity to newspaper press propulsion in the United States. and occurred about the same time as a similar experiment of the Somerset County Gazette in England. Q. Did John Bull write the music 10 “God Save the King”?—A. L. M. A. John Bull was a celebrated organ- ist and composer. The date of his birth is not known. 1t probably occurred about 1562, He is known to have died in Antwerp on March 12 or 13, 1628. A certain “ayre” which is practically the same as that of the British national anthem it attributed to him. Q. It is true that the legs of & colt are as long when it is foaled as they will ever be?>—W, P.C. A. This is not true. The legs do seem disproportionately long at first and do not grow as much in length as the body does, but they do grow somewhat. Q. What is the innominate bone?— AP L A. Tn human anatomy this is the bone which forms the hip and is provided with the sockei into which the head of the femur is received. There are two of these bones in the skeleton ,and each is formed by the union of the ilium, the ischium, and the pubic bone. Q. What kind of sport is jacking?- L M. A. This was a form of night hunting and fishing formerly much used, but now generally discounienanced by American sportsmen and forbidden by statute in most of the United States. Jacking deer was done from a rowboat or canoe. A light which could be con- cealed until needed was used. This was arranged in the bow of the craft and when flashed suddenly at an animal would cause it to stand still from ter- ror or curiositv. Similar devices are used at night to lure fish to the surface where they are speared. Q. How many Japanese came to the | United States in the first 10 years of this century?—R. D. A. From 1899 to 1910 inclusive, 148.729 Japanese were admitted to the United States. During this period 77.777 Japa- nese emigrants were destined for Hawaii, 32,273 for California, 25912 for ‘Washington, and 4,485 for Oregon. Dur- ing this period 7.790 Koreans and 2,250 Chinese came to the United tSates, Q. What is the literal meaning of hors d'oeuvre?—E. F. A. The literal French translation of the term used to describe a dish or course served as a relish, is “outside the Q. Who were the winners in the last national spelling bee?—F. C. C. A. Winners in the eleventh national spelling bee held at Washington, D. C.. were: First prize, Clara Mohler, repre- senting Akron (Ohio) Beacon Journal: second prize, Paul McCusker, represent- ing the Buffalo Evening News: third prize, Bruce Ackerman, representing the Peoria Journal Transcript. Q. Please give the number of calories per pound in caramels, marshmallows, fudge and cream-centered chocolates.— | S. LM A. Number of calories per pound: marshmellows, 1.737; ;\ggae, 1,587: cream-centered chocolaies, Q. Please give a resume of the musical | career of Edward Johnscn, manager of » Metropolitan Opera?—E. B. A. Mr. Johnson sang in the BRBrick Church, New York, in 1907~ ‘Vincenzo Florence; debut at Teatro Verdi, Padua: sang five seasons al La Scala; creator ‘M’Pll‘inl.lnlhlhn.llu.lndm Alfano, Pizzetf,