Evening Star Newspaper, March 19, 1933, Page 20

THE EVENING STAR Edition. With Sunday WABHINGTON, D. C. BUNDAY........March 19, 1833 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor 1t_8e ‘and Pennsyivanta, Ave. A e 17 Regent 8L efl““nfld" !‘.flrfl' at the end ection ma oOrders may be sent 1o by mall of Rationsl 8000 Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, All Other States and Canada. Dally and Sunday...lyr. ’\2»&; }::' .l'ig RE R e s e ottyaiva eati cl o ihe b Tar Tepubeation of Al pews d atches credited to it or not otherwise ¢ R 15 o whont o i, Pt el e Boruial “dlspatchés hereln are aiso Teserved. Tocal Beer Regulation. As Congress has apparently aban- doned earlier plans for an immediate Tecess, the situation regarding its con- sideration of & local beer bill, to be enacted after the National beer bill is out of the way, has been materially altered. There is plenty of time now for both houses of Congress to give the important matter of controlling the lo- cal sale of beer and of preventing the return of the saloon the careful con- sideration it deserves. The local beer bills introduced in House and Senate are identical. In the House Mr. Palmisano has presented a bill similar to the Tydings bill, intro- duged in the Senate during the last selion, but which has not been taken up by the Senate District Committee. The House and Senate bills should be examined carefully to assure full pro- tection to the local community against sbuses of the right to sell the soon-to- be-legalized beer. The bills permit manufacture of beer in the District and its sale to licensees; forbid brewers to sell to others than licensees, to have any direct or indl- rect financial interest in the business of licensees, and require brewers to make monthly statements of the amount of beer sold. Brewers outside of the District cannot sell to local licensees without having first obtained from the Commissioners a permit to do so0. But the bills provide no local licens- dng of local breweries. All brewers must be licensed by the Federal Gov- emment, the license fee being a thousand dollars. But New York and other States are planning to place an additional license tax on brewerles which will be collected by the States. ‘This may be done to assure adequate supervision over brewerles by the local authorities. In the District the Com- missioners should certainly be given specific authority to inspect breweries, as they {nspect dairies and restaurants, to maintain sanitary standards, and license fees should be pald to bear the cost of such inspection. The Federal Government's inspection and super- vision will be chiefly for the purpose of enforcing regulations regarding al- coholic content. Consideration should also be given to the correct fee for “On sale” and “Oft sale” licenses. The bills propose $100 and $25, respectively. New York proposes an “On sale” license fee of $250 and an “Off sale” fee of $100. In Baltimore the proposed “On sale” fee will probably range between $250 and $500. It may be unnecessary and unduly burdensome to resort to “high license” in controlling the sale of beer. But the fee should be such that the licensee will be required to make more than nominal financial investment in his license, and will therefore be all the more careful not to place it in jeopardy by non-compliance or loose compliance with regulations. The bills give the Commissioners the Tight to limit the total number of “On sale” licenses and judge as to the “ap- propristeness of the location where such license business is to be con- ducted.” This authority, coupled with the zoning regulations, may be suffi- cient to protect residential and other areas from objectionable establishments. But it might be advisable in advance to determine what policy will be pur- sued as to the location of beec-selling establishments adjacent to military Teservations and near schools or churches. And as the adequate regulation of beer selling in the District is to depend upon the enforcement of the Commis- sioners’ regulations as well as of the lc't itself, the penalty for violation of the Commissioners' regulstions should be at least as strict as the penalty for Violation of the act. The bills provide for what may be sufficlent penalties for 'violating the terms of the act., But the only penalty provided in the case of Violating the Commissioness’ regula- tions is loss of license for one year. \There is no good reason for this dis- crimination. If the Commissioners’ |Tegulations are to mean anything, there should be adequate maximum penalties provided for the punishment of those Wwho viclate them, and they should be as high as the penalties for violating provisions of the act. ¢ The stock and grain markets went back to the old routine, apparently Tather refreshed in nerves by a few extra days of golf. T The Duke of Abruzzi. In a time when royalty is supposed %o be at a discount the Duke of Ab- ruzei, cousin of King Victor Em- manuel, did much to restore it to its ancient position of leadership and cre- dence. He was one of the truly great Italians of the twentleth century, and his death yesterdsy in distant Somalia is an occasion of sorrow for thousands of persons who knew him only by re- port but nevertheless admired and re- him. e Duke was ceaselessly active in a list of colorful and interesting en- . He was born an heir to the of Spain, but within & fortnight advent his father had retired 13 t emffince to & more peaceful celebraywd position in his native Reared in the traditions of the of Savoy, he was preparad by the with his wish, and when the uncharted regions of the globe beckoned his imagi- nation he was not restrained from at- tempting their conquest. At twenty- four he climbed Mount St. Elias in Alaska. Later he dared the fastnesses of the Himalayas and explored the of the North Pole. For recreation he traced the sources. of equatorial rivers, mapped the outlines of unguessed lakes and inland seas, and hunted big game wherever it was to be found. Other 7 | men found him generously helpful. He made a name for himself as a patron as well as a practitioner of acience. Ofcially his province of endeavor was the Italian Navy, and he was tireless in its behalf. In the Tripoli War he com- manded a squadron; from 1915 to 1917 he was commander-in-chief of the en- tire naval establishment of the crown, responsible for the conduct of its opera- tions throughout that period of the World War. Always a builder, he urged the development of the fleet in har- mony with the national need. Disape pointments he had, of course, but he never admitted discouragement. His policy was that of day-to-day devotion to duty without regard to personal ad- vantage of any kind. If the service prospered, its good fortune was all the reward he desired. Washington knew the duke in 1907 as an honored guest. He is remem- bered with appreciation. Rt s A World Opinion and Japan. In what may be considered a vale- dictory address covering his four years' notable stewardship of America's for- eign relations, Henry L. Stimson, Sec- retary of State in the Hoover Admin- istration, presents in the current quar- terly issue of Foreign Affairs a review of the United States’ international ac- tivities between 1929 and 1933. What Col. Stimson has to say about the crisis in the Far East is of particular interest, because of the contribution he made in the guise of the Stimson Doctrine, which has been adbpted by practically the whole world »s its atti- tude toward Japanese aggression in Manchuria. Col. Stimson is convinced that it will not require force to dislodge Japan from the Chinese territory which she occupies in violation of the Nine Power Treaty of Washington and the Kellogg Pact. He believes that, sooner or later, enlightened Japanese statesmanship will recognize the wisdom, in the island empire’s own best interests, of com- posing the Manchurian controversy with China along lines more in accord with international sentiment than the ruthless methods which have been em- ployed to plant the banners of the Rising Sun in North China. “To those who are skeptical of the effectiveness of the policy of non-rec- ognition of territcrial gains made through use of military force,” says Col. Stimson, “it may be helpful to recall that the spokesman of the Tokio for- elgn office, when announcing on May 11, 1932, the withdrawal of the Jap- anese forces from Shanghal, attributed this decision to the desire of the Jap-| anese government to conform to world opinion and to ‘end world-wide odium which has fallen upon’ Japan. It may be contended that this conclusion of the 8hanghai incident cannot be re- garded as presaging ultimately an anal- ogous ending to developments in Man- churia. I believe that such a conten- tion fails to take full account of the moral consciousness of & thoughtful na- tion, which has in the past contributed in generous measure to the support of the peace movement.” The friends of Japan throughout the world, and especially in the United States, have never ceased to hope that the so-called Shidehara school of thought would prevail at Tokio as against the insensate militarist pro-| gram that has held full and unchal- lengeable sway for the past two years. Baron Shidehara, well remembered as Japanese Ambassador at Washington before and during the 1921-22 Arma- ment Conference, and later foreign minister, speaks for that influential but minority element in Japan which favors & policy of co-operation, instead of antagonism, with the Western powers in molding the destinies of China. It must be confessed that the Shidehara group has made little headway in im- posing its views upon the Japanese na- tion as & whole or the government in particular. But .on this side of the globe confidence will continue to be cherished that the day is dawning when Tokio will see the light, and, eventually, turn its back upon projects which can only result in progressively diminishing the prestige Japan has won in the family of nations through her partici- pation in the “peace movement,” to which Col. Btimson draws attention. Variations in stock prices are to be expected and any adventurer in small finance is likely to find himself em- barrassed if he picks Wall Street for a one-way financial thoroughfare. Progress. The ceremonies and festivities of President Roosevelt’s inauguration are things of the past so far as Washington is concerned, but throughout the coun- try they still are current news. The daily press reperted them as they oc- curred, and the radio did its customary best to supplement the organized hour- to-hour chronicle so published. Their work was finished by Monday evening at the latest. But the magasine press, weekly ‘and monthly, and the movies had their functions yet to fulfill. This they have been doing all the week and will continue to do for probably another fortnight. Altogether, the induction of the new Chief Executive was “covered” as no similar event ever was before, That fact constitutes and illustrates progress. It was physically impossible to make the entire population acquainted with the story of the inauguration of Presi- dent Washington. The fact that he had been chosen to lead the Nation peace as he had led the Colonies war did not become known to many the scattered ploneer communities the West until months after he ha taken office. President Jackson was the first Chiet to have anything B o late as President 's first inaugu- ration reporting of the ceremony at the Capitol was & hit-or-miss busi- ness. He rode up Avenug in a horse- drawn carriage, Was no radio Frosdoast, the 7guvies taken Were ama- - teurish, the newspsper arrangements defective. How different was the “set~ up” last Saturday! sound movies. It was reported imme- diately in every newspaper of any con- sequence in the world, the telephone, telegraph and teletype co-operating, automobiles and airplanes assisting, every mechanical device of communica- tion and transportation helping to dis- THE STRAIGHT WAY BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES K. FREEMAN, D. D, LL, D, Bishop of Washington. Acts, ix: pt. 11th verse: “The street which is called ‘Straight.’” An unconfused life is one that follows & reasonably straight course. A ocon- lmhlhudmmmm_mm In such circumstances the gain for democracy is obvious. The whole Na- tion was, in a very true gense of the word, present at the scene. The whole population was witness to the event. Progress of that kind is & thing to be happy about. ——————e—— Gallery Agitators. An incident in the House of Com- mons, at London, the other day, revives no fixed objective. df{o narrative in the New Testament is much more interest- memory of happenings in the same place | remote parts, more than twenty years ago, when mili- tant suffragettes, as they were then called, engaged in strenuous tactics 10 of the hasten the enactment of & law per- mitting women to vote. In the course of & debate on naval estimates, a|of the young woman clambered over the rail from the visitors' gallery into the gal- lery reserved for peers and threw down to the floor & quantity of pacifist propagands leaflets protesting against reductions in funds for education, relief and housing while the military and naval” appropriations were being in- creased. She escaped after her per- formance, but & man companion who tried to continue the strewing of the printed matter was forcibly removed by ushers. In 1912 on several occa- slons women who were engaged in the | foun: campaign for equal suffrage not only interrupted the proceedings of the Commons but chained themselves to the ite rison Christian mlpm it further instructions ing_his future course. It was while Damascus was directed to go to him and to give him definite instructions concerning his new ministry. There is something very suggestive in the incident that Saul d lodgment in the “street which After a life of e siraaht ‘whole the railings to prevent their immediate | career was marked expulsion. Some of them went to prison for their behavior, along with those who put grease and acid into the public mail boxes and committed other acts of sabotage as & measure of agi- ing tation for their cause. A few months ago a deranged man interrupted the proceedings of the House of Representatives, in.this city, flourishing a loaded pistol. He was removed from the gallery without hav- ing fired his weapon or doing any dam- sge. later, having recovered from his attack, he was returned to his home. ‘These occasional intrusions upon leg- islative proceedings have occurred in all parliamentary assemblages, and occa- slonally with serious consequences. In England even at the height of the mili- tant suffrage agitation the trespasses upon the parliamentary dignity were merely annoying. In this country the spirit of protest voiced from the gal- leries has been innocuous, and save on the recent occasion already noted not alarming. The freedom of the galleries has never been curtailed, as it is the established principle of popular govern- ment that legislative proceedings are open to the people 3o long as they con- duct themselves properly. Occasionally the presiding officers in the two chambers of the American Congress have to ad- monish the galleries against applause and other demonstrations with the threat to clear the galleries if the warn- ing is not heeded. This, however, has not been done within memory. b i iy e ik O Having reduced wages, motion pic- ture producers are considering shorten- ing the shows. They have a loyal pub- lic, and & competent readjustment to new conditions is sure to find support. Strictly speaking, amusement is a lux- ury, but from time immemorial the public has held it a necessity. o, ‘The remark of Ben Franklin that a penny saved is a penny earned may have been a reminder to Uncle Sam that there are many ways to secure funds without applying to the Recon- struction Finance Corporation. ——v— Relief is already afforded the farmer in the assurance that he will be en- coursged to go ahead and raise as much as he can without attempting fancy finance in the restriction of crops. ] By a curious paradox, gold, the basic standard of value, is of no practical use, even for selfish purposes, in the hands of a hoarder. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Lazy Life. Dreamt about & lazy life Beneath the sky so blue, Where all the world was free from strife, With nothing much to do. But wheresoe'er I turned my quest Sweet peace was unrevealed; There was the ‘spirit of unrest In forest, town and fleld. Dreamt about the pleasures rife ‘With idleness supreme; Found at last the laxy life Was nothing but a dream. Question of When. “A wise man may change his mind." “My boy,” replied Senator Sorghum, “the greatest of all wisdom consists in knowing when to change your mind.” Spotted. “How do you know that man is & parlor fisherman?” “No man could find time to do any real fishing and at the same time learn the names of so large & collection of trout files.” Smile and Sneer. A smile i3 like a blossom tossed Upen the path of Spring; A sneer is like the sudden frost ‘That leaves it withering, Busy Life. “You think eight hours & day is enough work for any man?” “Plenty,” answered Cactus Joe. “That leaves him only sixteen hours to play | dent, poker and get a little sleep.” Imitation is the sincerest flattery, and | Capitol Hill. concern- | to that a “certain disciple” |is Roosevelt New Deal And ‘Progressive’ Equally Into Discard BY WILLIAM HARD. The Rooseveltian new desl, as 30 far revealed in Washington, seems to ironic observers to be animated by the desire of throwing both of the old terms, i‘wwnu;‘zxvg" and “progressive,” equal- into iscard. y'l‘o many “progressive” members of the Congress nothing could be more “conservative” than the eltian “economy bill" just this week propelled by presidential pressure into the statute books. It is & bill—to begin with— which ascribes & foundamental Impa_-' tance to the “balancing of the budget, and In fact makes the “balancing of the budget” the corner stone of the eco- nomic governmental edifice. That idea has for two long and loquacious years been vehemently denounced by most “progressive” legislators of precisely the type which most es ly sup- ported Franklin Delano velt for nomination and for election. Additionally the bill proceeds to “bal- ance the budget” by reducing the in- comes of veterans and of govemmepm employes, most of whom are poor, with- out increasing in any way the revenue conceivably derivable from the imposi- tion of higher taxes upon the alleged and fugitive rich. ‘These two characteristics of the bill, if it had been presented to the Con-| gress in a mzfllr from the late “con- | servative” President of the Republic would have drawn upon it the destruc- | tive thunders and lightnings of virtually the whole of the “progressive” group on Presented by the pres- ent President, it split the “progressive” group almost exactly in two. Virtually half of the outright authentic “progres- sives” on Capitol Hill voted under Roocsevelt for a bill which under Hoover they would almost certainly auto- matically have spurned. x Kk k¥ Moreover, in both Houses of the Congress there are numerous Democrats who are not counted in the ranks of the “progressives,” but W esteem themselves as “liberals” and as “friends of the common people” and who always joined themselves—during the last ad- ministratiop—to the indignations mani. fested by the “progressives” against the “conservatisms” of the then unhappy inhabitant of the White House. These Democrats, many of them, privately de- nounced the “economy bill” as & further deflation of the poor and—by conse- quence—and relatively—a further ag- grandizement of the wealthy. They nevertheless numerously v for the bill and insured its passage, Th g et mblanced oy so-caled budget left unbalanc )y 2 50~ “business” President, and then abruptly advanced toward, at any rate, a pos- sibility of balance by s so-called “anti- business” President. ‘The same sort of paradox appears in the circumstances surrounding the “emergency banking bill.” That bill, as delivered by the President to the Con- ess, was a sore trial to all genuinely ‘progressive” souls in its treatment— or non-treatment—of the “poor little State banks.” Even a banker, if he is “small enough,” can attract the sympathy of “pre ive” Senator. He can ir- resistibly attract it if he is just -'ib%u‘: seems to be on the prin makes the barracuda appear nice, amiable fish if it is about to be swallowed by a shark. 3 * ¥ % % " indeed, at Inspired by that prlnclx “progressive” ators—an many ‘conservative” ones—were heart bitterly hostile to the “emergency banking bill."” In economy avoldance of new taxes, and bill, with its levying of a | apportionment by statute of the national €Y | ofice c¢n Jeffersonian principl g < g & g2 i 2 g i i g £ -3 : g g £ 5’1 E i g % I 3 it 3 i ! & g 8 g g £ Efis L =k o3 i g2 gisk g more than aim to give continuing piration of life. We have known men who by the world’s Jjudgment were failures, in that they had amassed uoc"b lofllln‘t’.n‘! CI'OI‘M nothing in “Well done, good and Puts ‘Conservat’ s that it is to undertake a re- distribution of the national income. It is to bring it about that farmers shall have more of that national income and | that non-farmers chall have less. The juences of that principle will pres- m apperent in another vital fleld. Representatives of industrial labor in are already declaring that 1f the Government can fix the fairness of the division of national income be- tween farmers and non-farmers it can also fix—and is in duty bound to fix— the division of national income between capital and labor, between employers | and employes. Schemes toward that end will be prevalent in the Congress in | the near future. There should also bs mentioned the President’s apparent desire to> reduce | the number of “commissions” and of “boards” in Washingten and to substi- | tute for them a series of individual | “directors” within the 10 grand execu- | tive departments headed by 10 indi- vidual cabinet members. This move toward strong centralized authority seems to sme “progressives” to be| “reactionary” and seems to some “con- | servatives” to be radical. It may be| taken as a symbol of the degree to| which the “new deal” stands forth in defiance of the old labels. * * ¥ ¥ Mr. Roosevelt, in all his meacures, | would seem to be a “strong government” | man. The economy bill, the emergency | banking bill, the employment of the unemployed in public forests, the re- income, the numerous other ideas which since March ¢ have emanated frim the White House or frcm its environs, are, all of them, whether “conservative or | “progressive,” conceived in the :pirit, and with the hope of strengthening the | central Government for the purpose of enabling it to cope with the Nation's | problems 8s the embodiment and agent of the Nation’s unity. The “new deal” is a new nationalism. | Its nature on this point was antici- pated by the late Senator Thcmas J. Walsh of Montana in a delightful witti- cism which he uttered some five or six years ago at & Washingtcn dinner party Where he was an honored and loved |t guest. Around the table there were the | questions: What is a Republican? What is a Democrat? Senator Walsh addressed himself to the question, What is a Democrat? He succinctly said: “A Democrat is & man who gets into les—and sometimes stays there on Hamiltonian ones.” Like all witticisms, Senator Walsh's was & slight distortion of reality; but among the griefs which attend his going | there is certainly the minor one of our present inability to request him to re- peat his definition of & Democrat to the present jest-loving occupant of the president! mi 5 (Copyrizhi, 1933.) Women’s Clubs Promote Wise Spending Plans = BY HARDEN COLFAX. ‘The women of the country in their organized clubs have taken hold seri- ously of the so-called ‘“‘wise-spen Sy e e s of Women's Clubs Capital Sidelights { BY WILL P. KENNEDY. rules of the national House of are admitted only when ihat tee has a bill uhder considera- ¢ . i SREBATEE s§!g=?§;~ gggsg g 2 gs : 858 u““hw ar pen!encu. he plfll]lu “I was & private, first class, in the Artillery Training Battery at Camp Camp Custer, Mich. After a hea extended course in war ex- noneers out of some 350 college men who had developed - clivities, pro & training was_elaborated upon at Camp Jackson, 8. C., and at Samur, France, which was the old French ecole at which Bismarck, Napoleon and other mjlitary men who large in his- tory received training. While I did not learn enough to become a single-handed menace to the peace and safety of Lhe Kaiser, I was at least by the recollecticn that I browsed in the same class room as the Iron Chancellor, the Little Corporal and others. The ciplo- ma received there entitled me to a commission as a second lieutenant, signed by Woodrow Wilson. After this therough artillery train they did the usual thing. They led me to | the Balloon Service and, after wander- | ing aimlessly about in the Toul sector | for several days, I finally reached the | company to which I was assigned and began to look through fleld glasses from a balloon basket and direct the important work of knocking down church eeples about 10 kilometers away. "When the war was over, I, among others, was detailed to return to Bor- | of all Careers of Old Age Pensioners BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. ‘That old-age pensioners in the United States had elr;xed their ;]t ge‘:ore be- coning dependent on the te was established by Government investigators in the course of a study made of 3,315 type of persons admitted to institu- | tions or given public allowances were what might be called professional in- digents or merely the victims of ad- verse conditions ‘n old lfl. It was found that, 6f the men, only one-tenth of 1 per cent had never been gainfully employed before becoming public charges. The developed that 82.9 per cent of the whole number had been ‘wage earners or had been paid salaries for useful work. Among the women enumerated, 39.6 per cent had been wage earners or salaried employes, Of » | the men 17 per cent and of the women 115 per cent had carried on their own independent business or occupation. Of the women 48.9 per cent had been housewives. The cases were selected with the idea of presenting a cross section of various occupations and industries. Farmers, dairymen, and lumbermen were in- cluded as well as factory and other ur- ban workers. The information was obtained by having applicants for pen- sion relief explain on a questionnaire what their previous occupations had been. Odd jobs were not counted, but only the regular occupation usually re- lied upon as a means of support. Also, it was asked how long since the appli- cant had had a job. It was found that four-fifths of the men and two-fifths of the women had been employcd by others on a wage or salary basis. One-sixth of thé men and one-ninth of the women were inde- | pendent workers. Nearly half of the women never had had paid employment, having worked only as housewives. Miscellany of Occupations. ‘To make the picture a complete one, those who were self-employed were in- cluded. Many were keepers of small stores, some were hucksters. Some had known much better times. Included in the list was a former proprietor of a printing establishment, a jeweler, a dru t, a motion picture proprietor, and the owner of a racing stable. Among the independently employed women were seamstresses who did their work in their own homes, but relied upon their needles for support. . general purpose of the study was to attempt to determine whether there is any kind of occupation which seems to lead to indigence in old age and the need of a State pension. So miscellaneous is the list of occupations that it is doubtful whether any very accurate conclusion can be drawn. One fact which stands out is that skilled workers who applied for old-age | pensions outnumbered the unskilled or | semi-skilled. For one representative | district it was found that 30.5 per cent pensioners were skilled in some industrial or commercial occupation, | while cnly 20 per cent were classed as unskilleq. Laborers, classed as un- skilled, accounted far only 6.3 per cent of An]]:othe men. , it _appears, the rural pursuits showed fewer men reaching a point of indigence at which old-age pensions were granted. Only six-tenths of 1 per m were dchu ed as cultural ers, and these in orestry and figheries, o s figures for women show a reverse situation, the urskilled accounting for 6.2 per cent of those who formerly had been employed in industrial and com- mercial occupations, while only 1.3 per cl::‘nfiednr this classification had been The professions were decidedly in the minority for both men and 'on{m. the suggestion being present that doctors, lawyers, architects and the like are more likely to amass a sufficient compe- tence to care for their, old age without recourse to the state. One of the smallest groups was made up of those .::};xr)shfi spp:‘x;lt most ?r their active ca- ic service unicipal, | State or Federal :mployes.“ FaRHlcpe e Deprescions Leading Cause. Ong women, the largest single group was formed of thou' who h‘.d been seamstresses, working independ- ently. There were comparatively few former boarding-house keepers, ‘uz a great many who had been employed for others in domestic service. ere was quite a liberal number of laundresses. The professions were rej ted by actresses, artists, librarians, music teachers and school teachers, but sur- prisingly few in proportion to those who had been in other types of work, The questionnaires also were de- | signed to show how long it has been |since the applicants for old age pen- sions were regularly employed. The | condition of the times is emphasized by |these figures. It shows the largest | classes for men for the years 1929 and 1930, with 1930 the largest class for women, Some had had no employment since 1900, but these were very few and the presumption is that they must have been unemployable through physical infirmity. Every depression year showed an in- crease in the number applyi for age pensions. Some on the lists lost their last employment at the time of the panic of 1907. A numerous group ceased to be self-supporting during the depression of 1920-21. Since that time {up until 1929 times were good, but the | data show that in every year many had held their last job. | There appears to be a definite rela- | tionship between the numbers applying for old age pensions and the develop- ment of the machine age and mass production. Workers, able to support themselves appear to have been dis- | placed in larger and larger numbers and left without any means of support. Not all of the States have old age pension systems, and those which do have them make only small grants to their pensioners. The pension system is being extended, and it is ex) that the depression will result in a more general development of this type of relief. Europe Now Charged With Fears of War —— | deaux and take a course of iraining at the Balloon School. I have ncver been able to determine whether this was in preparation for the next war or as a penalty for inferior work in the last on e. “Next to coming out unscathed, my most pleasant memories of the war con- sist of buying lace in the narrow streeis of Genoa, witnessing the dedication of | the monument to Victor Emmanuel in Rome, watching King George pin med- als on the tunics of scldiers at Buck- ! ingham Palace, sitting beside King Al- | bert of Belgium in a Y. M. C. A. in Brussels, traveling through the land of Roderick Dhu and fair Ellen in Scot- | jand, and censoring the letters of not-.| able Germans addressed to this coun- * % * % This fellow — Representative Ernest Lundeen—who broke up the nasty scrap | between two Missouri members in the House Office Building the other night, is the son of a minister, but himself a | good scrapper and of the “church mili- tant.” He was a member of the War Congress (the sixty-fifth 1917-19) and voted against war, against conscription | for forelgn service, against war with | Austria; opposed the League of Nations, cppesed entry into the World Court and conducted the first congressional ref- erendum on war. He was editor and | p’.\gu;he: uol ';lUncle tst:: = ut while thus putting the soft pedal on war, he l.lrutry had a good record as a soldier, having served as a private in Company B, 13th Minnesota United States Volunteers, in the Spanish-Amer- War. He held & commission in Minnesota National Guard and was a member of the national championship rifle team in 1909—nearly a quarter of & century ago. He is a member of the Delta Sigma Rho, Spanish War Vet. erans. He has served as president of the 12th Minnesota United States Vol- unteers’ Association and vice president of the Civil War Veterans’ Association He delivered the Memorial day oration in Arlington National Cemetery n 1919 upon invitation of ‘the. National G. A R. » * Ancther Spanish War veteran in this ss 1is Representative Elmer A, Studley of Ne;ug{?rl who was a re- T on a alo under the itelage of Samuel G, Blythe, He served in the National Guard of the State of New York as en! man and as com- missioned officer of the line from 1394 to 1898, and in the latter vear was commissioned for the war with Spain first lieutenant in the 202d New York Volunteer Infantry and served with it in Cuba in 1898 and 1899 until mus- tered out. Du: the war with Spain he was once detailed by the command- ing officer of his le to suppress a mutiny that had b out in two de- tached companies of a regiment at- tached l%dmd did it without a gun, 28 & major in the United States War Register in 1805, which was then the Officers’ Reserve Corps. Following the war with Spain to Raton, N' Mex. He m"vgd n '.hh: ;:?—‘ ritorial Legislature of New Mexico in 1907, was & member of the , district attorney cnd of the State Board of Water lnlmhef ¢ i lnoal 4 e e is a lineal descendant of H and of the uve::",l': = H.Nu.ol: mt:o]- —all born on = Association that there is a Nation-1 billion d BY A. G. GARDINER. LONDON, March 18.—Never since 1918 has the atmosphere of Europe been so charged with fears of war as| | now. The main cause of anxiety is the | Judge Rules on dramatic emergence of a belligerent | Germany. Germany is now completely under the domination of militarist influences which, having violently suppressed all the moderating elements of the country, confront Eurcpe in a wholly changed attitude of mind. The rattle of the Prussian saber has terrcrized all in- ternal opposition into a cowering sile; and & resurrected militaristic German stands before the world with a mem:nt- ous challenge. News and comment on the situation here are of the gloomiest character. The idea that President von Hindcn- burg, through Franz von Papen and the Nationalists, could control the uprising Nazi power is now seen to be entirely il- | lusory. The alarm of Von Papen at the startling developments—as the ruthless persecution of Jews, who are fleeing in all directions; suppression of the So- cialists and Communists, closing down of newspapers, and even an iron hand against the Catholic Center party—is reflected in guarded protests by the | Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, which is the last newspaper left in Germany that dares to suggest criticism of the Hitler regime. * k% x But Von Papen no longer counts. | Nazi power is out of control. It is a question whether the sweep of the movement has not passed beycnd Hitle into the reckless and irresporsible con- trol of Capt. Goehring and the frenzied | inspiration of Dr. Geebbells. | The London Daily Telegraph's sensa- tional story of a conspiracy on the part of Goehring forcibly to seize and d-pose President von Hindenburg—a conspiracy defeated by the mobilization of the Nationalist Stahlhelmers around the President at a critical moment—is not | discredited by the best informed Ger- man opinion. Whether the Nazi move- ment contains elements of cohesicn is doubted, and the view is widely held | that & breach between Hitler and Goehring is probable, but it is ag\'ced‘ that in such a case Goehring would be | master of the situation. | It is natural that with Germany in this explosive condition, alarm should | be felt all over Europe. At any moment, | 2 spark from the firebrands may fall in | the powder magazine of the continent. Disquieting incidents have already oc- | curred in the demilitarized zone of the | Rhineland, but especial anxiety is feit in regard to the possibility of a col- | lision in.the Polish Corridor. which is the subject of most passionate resent- ment on the part of the Prussian | people—a resentment aggravated by the | precautionary measures which Poland is | alleged to have taken in the neighbor- hood of Danzig. In the event of a conflict on the Polish frontier, French action is inevitable and, though under | tion when once the guns have gone off. * k ¥ *x With the menace of war in the air, In this connection, the overwhelming | decision of the Oxford Union not to fight for King and country under any | circumstances—an example followed by | several other universities—is significant | of the mind of the country. Whether %83 | this attitude would survive the test of actual war is doubtful, but it is certain | Of | {5 flercely opposed to being drawn into the maelstrom again. The repercussions of events in Ger- many upon the European cutlook have . events have like a wet blanket on the embers f the Disarmament Conference, whose to reach an agreement the prime causes of militarist spirit in . Indeed, David Lloyd George 'k declared that the allies. by to their undertaking to , had driven Ge: to an ag- greasive military dicta p; and the ing passage of Premier Mac- 's speech Thursday at Geneva [present atmosphere only modi- are enterteined in regard to of the British disarmament the harvesting of resl results and the fact that the Peris is suspict { Premie! %br#m& the outlook, that the present temper of the country | Fifty Years Ago In The Star Fifty years ago the Police Court in Washington was presided over by Wil- liam B. Snell who, though LerToi to Wio! doers, was al Two Dyed Horses. | ways the “just and upright judge.” The Star of March 15, 1883, is the lowing news item regarding 2 cas> i which Judge Snell displayed his pow- ers of judicial discrimination: “The charge against Hugh Gallagher, the herse trader. who was before .he Police Court yesterday charged with false pretenses in selling a pair of horses to Col. B. F. Rittenhouse of the Soldiers’ Home, which horses he, Golia- | gher, representad to be black, but vhich had white spots dyed, was before Julge Snell today. After making a personal examination of the horses this morn- ing Judge Snell said that if a persoo sold & peir of horses that were prace tically white and represented tiiem to be biack the case would be different. But in this case there were half a dozen small spots that were dyed. The court said that the defendant had a civil remedy, which was the proper way to proceed in this case. Mr, Moore stated that when the case was first presented to him he had serious doubts as to whether the charge of false pretenses could be sustained. He also said that he thought that no jury would convict cn this state of facts. ~The defendant was then discharged. . “Other cities would do well,” nx: The Star of March 16, 1883, “to profit . by the disclosures re= Intercity cently m-a; in Wash- : ington and examine Corruption. yhether their own | police systems are not as corrupt and inefficlent as ours has been. The com= binaticn between thieves, Teceivers of stolen goods and rascally detectives | which existed nere could not have been so streng and effective as it was unless it had the benefit of accomplices in corresponding positions elsewhere, That the thieves and keepers of fences in different cities act in concert in aiding each other and protecting mutual in- terests has long been notorious, but | it needed something more than the co- operation of these two classes to insure complete success and immunity from detection and prosecution. The sym- athy and active assistance of corrupt golice at other points were also needed to perfect the plan of operations and prevent unpleasant interferences. This co-cperation was doubtless readily ob- tained whenever safety or profit re- quired it, and a little scratching under the surface could hardly fail to expose the connections. 1f the authorities of our sister cities are too much occupied to make an examination in this direc- tion, perhaps a committee of citizens might undertake it on their own ac- count. What has been accomplished by a like organization in Washington shows not only the need for it but the amount of good such a body is capable of doing.” * 9 Washington's need for an opers house was expressed by a corresponuent As Opaa Howsa " 0f The Star whose letter For Washington. was printed in the issue of March 17, 1883, The Star commenting as follows: “It must be admitted that this city is sadly in need of a large public hall, in which receptions, concerts, fairs and conventions can be had on an exten- sive scale; but that a large opera house is required is a question of considerable doubt. In much larger cities, such as Baltimore, Boston snd Philadelphis, the large theaters and opera houses have been, financially, decided failures. That in Baltimore never paid a divi- dend. Even in New York the Italian opera is assured success at the Acad- emy of Music—which seats nearly 4,000 people—by subscription. while the prices of admission to the opera there during last week were just the same for the same company that they were in Wash- ington three weeks ago, so an intreased auditorium here not reduce the whc. a8 our correspondent predicts, at Washington ought to have i & beautiful and complete opera house, of medium size, based on_the more modern experience of New York and London managers, and costing about $100,000, exclusive of the ground. This would command a rental which could always be met, and it would at the same time afford every reasonable convenience ard luxury to the music and drema loving public.” - The Boy's Best Friend. | Prom the Newari: Eveaing News, Boys in New York have been nz:dhmous pet show; (..mfi‘:l‘, boys' best friend, the mise s course, that