Evening Star Newspaper, March 17, 1932, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSD\Y. MARCH 17, 1932, THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY......March 17, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspape: Company ‘Busing Office: 11tp 8. "and ‘Pennssivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. icago Office: Lake Michigan Bulilding. ropean Office 14 Rflenl .. London, Rate by Carrier Within the City. - : -45¢ per month Star .60c per month T .85¢ per month The Sunday Star Ter copy Collection made at the end of each month £0 PR " 180 mall o5 teiephons fAtional 5000. D Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunda: o Bl 358 1yr., $12.00: 1 mo. 1 m ily and Sunday. 5§ . 00: By s o s Member of the Associated Press. The Assoctated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of ull news dis- patehes credited to it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the loeal news published herein Al rients of publication of Svecial dispatches herein are also reserved. = An Order That Bore Fruit. The determination of the Public Utllities Commission to be firm with the operators of the interstate bus lines in regard to the establishment of terminals outside of the congested district by April 1 has borne fruit, although for a time it looked as if the edict of the commission would be treated with the indifference that has characterized the attitude of taxi com- panies and bus companies in the past. All companies were notified of the or- der last rAugust. Up until the early part of this week only two had given assurance to the commission that they were prepared to comply with it. Yes- terday, however, #he commission, ada- mant in its stand that the heavy lum- bering vehicles should no longer use| the congested section of the National Capital for street storage space, sum- moned all those who had ignored the order. As a result representatives of nineteen more companies, making a total of twenty-one, signified their in- tention of seeking new quarters before April 1. It is gratifying to the people of Washington that the commission has won its point without the necessity of going through a long and tedious court battle. The order is reasonable from every standpoint and doubtless that is ‘why the bus operators agreed to it. No single reason can be advanced for glving up public street space to opera- tors of private companies. Not only that, but in so far as traffic is concerned it is positively dangerous. Fireplugs and crosswalks are frequently blocked by the huge vehicles and parking between a street car platform and the curb is commonplace. Traffic is clogged and the individual motorist is robbed of his rights. Now that the busses are to be moved out of the congested section the com- mission should redouble its efforts to secure the construction of a union terminal at some point which would be convenient for both passengers and the companies. Even on the fringe of the congested zone, where most of the com- panies are to be moved to comply with the order, traffic is heavy and they are almost as much of & nuisance there as they are downtown. The only solution of the problem is for them all to get together, buy or lease a building and convert it into & union statiory for inter- state bus travel in and out of Wash- ington. If railroads operate through a union depot there is no earthly reason why the bus companies cannot do it. ‘There is just as much competition with one as the other. ‘Washingtonians, therefore, mindful of the commission’s present achievement in alleviating a distressing condition, Jook forward confidently to the time when the companies will obey the com- mission’s edict that a union bus terminal be established in the National Capital. e r——— American missionaries may as well retire promptly from Oriental territory involved in strife. Their pupils are no Jonger in & mood for instruction. ———at—— Noise in the School Room. Beeking light on the question of whether noise affects the mental activity of pupils, the headmaster of a | school for boys at a suburban town near | New York City recently conducted a| series of tests for an hour a day over a period of a week. Devices for the| emission of sounds of varying degrees were employed, with meters for the | measurement of the volume of nolse., ‘The students were divided into two groups, as similar as possible in physical and mental age, each group working under test conditions in a separate room from the other. ‘Three stages of sound were established, “quiet” being that of the ordinary school room, without the | intrusion cf outside sounds, scoring . from thirty to thirty-five decibles, | “moderate” noise being rated at fifty-| five and “loud” at seventy. The results | showed that as a rule the pupils did | better work in “quiet” than in “loud” conditions, although in some cases they did better work in “moderate” noise than in “quiet.” For a time in some instances the puplls were actually stimulated by sounds, but soon felt fatigue and lapsed in concentration and effective thought. In none of the tests did the students of any of the grades examined do as well under “loud” con- ditions as in “quiet.” These tests would probably work out | occurs in humbler circles than that of | the soctety of nations. similarly in other surroundings than classroows and with older subjects than school children. An ordinary business office. situated in the heart of a large city, is beseiged by noises throughout the working day. Traffic sounds are incessant. Construction sounds, though not always present, are frequent. The average brain worker, whether engaged in routine or in thought-involving oc- cupations, labors under a handicap, of which he may be only subconscious. No matter how accustomed he may become to the clamor, his mind is un- der a stress when he seeks to con- centrate upon his task. He may erect & defensive shield of inattention to the | which may be repeated ad libitum. abatement of the noise nuisance, but without result. Recommendations for the softening of metallic blows, for the improvement of traction gears and motors and for the betterment of track conditions came to naught. The din continues and the strain of life re- mains at high pitch. ‘The tests just made were in a small town, quite far removed from the clat- ter of metropolitan life. What must be the effect upon the children who attend school in the heart of the city, with its tremendous crashing through- out the entire session? It may be that some degree of the juvenile delinquen- cy which is just now so painfully evi- dent may be attributed to this cause. ———————— The La Follettes. Senator Robert M. La Follette, jr., and Gov. Philip L. La Follette, both of Wisconsin and brothers, gave their interpretation of the progressive idea of government in a remarkable program in The Star's National Radio Forum Monday night. Senator La Follette dealt particularly with the Federal Gov- ernment and Gov. La Follette with the government of the States. But both discussed the problems of government from the economic point of view and both arrived at the same conclusion— that a new deal is needed in this country. The La Follettes contended that the | great need in this country today is broadened purchasing power in the hands of the masses of the people. This is obviously true if the great in- dustries of the country are not to lie idle over long periods of time. It is as much to the interest of capital as it is to labor. Capital invested in huge industries with tremendous producing power vanishes into thin air if no purchasers can be found for these products. The premise laid down by Senator La Follette and by his brother, the Governor, is sound. Their proposed methods to broaden purchasing power in the hands of the masses, however, may be subject to criticism. For ex- ample, Gov. La Follette proposes public ownership and control of enough heat, light and power to protect public in- terest. He propokes, too, creation of machinery to enable business to gov- ern itself, and an adjustment of the | taxing burden that will remove many tax burdens from the farms, homes and places of business. A great difficulty arises when the | Government, State or Federal, owns in part the public utilities; privately owned utilities find it difficult to compete with utilities of the same kind owned and operated by the Government. The ulti- mate result of such a proposal prob- ably would be the ownership of all utilities by the Government, a result which would be entirely foreign to the idea that Government should leave busi- ness to the private citizens of the Unit- ed States. More and more the Gov- ernment has moved into the business | field, it is true, but its experiments in this direction have not been happy. But it is clear that privately owned business in this country has not been a great shining light in the present de- pression. Gov. La Follette's proposal, therefore, that some machinery be set up to enable business to govern itself is timely, Senator La Follette advanced again his plan for Federal contribution to the relief of the unemployed in this coun- try and for & great public works pro- gram to give employment, with a five- billion-dollar Government bond issue to meet the expenses of such a program. The plan for direct Federal aid to the unemployed raises the specter of a Fed- eral dole, which has threatened the breakdown of government in Great Britain and Germany. Every Ameri- can will agree that his Government should step in and prevent starvation and distress, but only as a last resort. President Hoover, who has opposed di- rect Federal contributions, has said as much. The Wisconsin Senator objects to the lending of money to railroads and banks as a means of resuscitating business and asserts that the Govern- ment should borrow money to conduct public works. Under the first plan, however, the banks and the railroads must pay the money so borrowed and pay interest on it. Under the second, the Government must meet the pay- ment of the bonds and the interest thereon, and the Government can ob- tain the money to meet these payments only by taxing the people. For more than a quarter of a century the State of Wisconsin has been domi- nated politically by the progressive ideas of government, originating with the late Senator Robert Marion La Follette, who served both as Governor of his State and as United States Senator. Wis- consin has flourished; i€ is out of debt; its people are in the main prosper- ous even in these days of depression. The “Wisconsin idea” is carried for- ward today by the youthful Senator and even more youthful Governor, sons of the late Senator La Follette. Many of the changes in government proposed by the senior La Follette have become law. Indeed, they are no longer re- garded as either radical or extreme. Under the leadership of the La Fol- lettes today these progressive ideas are being translated more and more into law and custom. Too great concentra- tion of wealth in too few hands is one of the evils at which they strike today. ‘Their proposals may be modified, but they cannot, of necessity, be laughed off. ———————— Demand for recognition by the so- called Manchu republic is not based on tenable claims to any previous acquaint- ance. The embarrassment is one that e When Japanese soldiers announce their departure, China naturally sus- pects one of those farewell appearances e A very exclusive tariff is sometimes interpreted as a sort of boycott that lacks the courage of its convictions. ———————— Radio in Motion. An interesting experiment will be conducted late-this month by the Co- lumbia Broadcasting System and the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Wwhen a Nation-wide broadcast with a large or- coast chain. The test will be watched with interest by the whole Nation. Nothing seems to be impossible in radio and consequently there is every expectation of success. This may even be the first step to regular perform- ances on board some of the crack fiyers. The Bureau's Good Work. Judging from the quality of the first two reports cn the tax bills, the Senate District Commi‘tee acted wisely in re- ferring these measures to the Bureau of Effiency. Any one who studies the reports cannot but be impressed by the thoroughn with which the bureau has undertaken its work and with its evident desire to be impartial. When all of the bills have received the bu- reau’s study and report the Senate Committee will have comforting assur- ance that expert opinion has been well given. ‘The fact that some of these opinions r'ry be contrery to those held by The Star does not alter this newspaper’s high regard for the sincere and intelli- gent work of the bureau, which it takes this opportunity to express. ‘There are certain principles which, in fairness to the unrepresented taxpayers of this community and in the interest of developing & great American Capital, must be preserved. Fundamental among these is that the Federal Government's exclusive power of control over the District is coupled with a moral and legal obligation to share generously in its financial support. This prin- ciple is lost sight of in the Bureau of Efficiency plan whereby the Federal Government would be relieved of all financial responsibility in connection with the development and maintenance of the Capltal's great street system— Just as it has already relieved itself of financial responsibility in connection with maintenance and development of the water system. The Star does not agree with any plan to weaken that principle. et Having told dramatic critics what he thinks of them, Dr. Sirovich may re- turn with s more placid mind to the tasks of playwriting and legislation. Guided by experiences in the former he will be beneficially fortified to meet the censure that is certain to arise when energetic activity in the latter function is undertaken. lm. Suggestions were made for the | broadcast over the Columbia coast-to- If Al Capone really has the power to compel the restoration of the Lind- bergh baby, he should do so at once without bergaining. He could safely leave the question of grateful recom- pense to the most warm-hearted pub- lic in the world. R T Regardless of opinion, every admirer of honest thought and vigorous ex- pression will hope for a speedy restora- tion of James A. Reed of Missouri to his customary activities. ————————— Before leaving this life George East- man said, “My work is done.” How many men could make such a final declaration truthfully, no matter how long they may have lived! —— ca—— Skilled publicity men are seeing to it that if Mr. Baker of Ohio is nomi- nated, he will not be taken by sur- prise. He may be drafted, but he will not be “Shanghaled.” ——————————— Every little helps. The forthcoming demand for spellbinders will do some- thing to relieve the unemployment. - SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. When Einstein Seems Ezsy. ‘That Einstein theory becomes A matter of relief, Although it kept us doing sums That bring our nerves to grief. When your conclusions you disclose We listen all polite, And say, “Since you're the one who knows, Profess, you must be right.” But when that Income Tax we pay, A reminiscent ghost Comes hovering grimly round our way, And what disturbs us most Is his flerce mode of muttering, “Base mortal, count the cost! Did you include each little thing You may have gained or lost?” Those “normal” items surely bring Abnormal mental twists. Unto the mercy you may cling Of the psychiatrists, When studying the bafing scheme ‘That brings such cruel stress That Einstein will seem just like & dream Of balmy blissfulness, Persuasion. “No doubt you statesmen often re- quire a hand of iron in a velvet glove,” said the lady with a notebook. “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum. “And they're not all we need. When you're talking to wets and drys out in my territory you need a pussyfoot with claws in it Jud Tunkins says there’s one relief from cares he can always rely on, but it's a long time to walt for the base ball season to start. Music and Words. My radio! My radio! 1 once admired your stuff, But now your music seems too slow, And your dialogue gets rough. Hoarding. “Do you think many people have money hoarded away in closets?” “Yes,” answered Mr. Dustin Stax. “They've put good money into so many bad forms of security, why assume that they'd miss the cracked teapot and the old stocking?” “It is mysteriously difficult,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “for a man or a nation to perceive the possi- bility of injustice in a bargain which is to the disadvantage of another.” Same Old Disappointment. I calculate the various sums For which the tax collector comes. As more demands from him we view An ancient sorrow comes anew. I thought some good old generous elf ‘Would bring along the needful pelf. And once again I'm sad because clatter that reaches his ears, but the | chestra will be attempted from & mov- | There isn't any Santa Claus. stress Is present nevertheless. Recently an exhaustive series of tests was conducted in New York with re- cording mechanisms, showing that save ! a popular orchestra and singers who, ! tq 4n a very few hours of the entire day sinds arise in great volume from the ing train. For the occasion a dining car has been turned into a radio trans- mitting station. On the car will be with the train running between ffty and seventy-five miles an hour, will “Emyhow,” said Uncle Eben, “we n at least one blizzard this year ‘ashington 7‘ his men had to face.” THIS AND THAT “Dear Sir: While Winter nips my garden aspirations in the bud, I thought it would be a good time to write to you about essential garden plants. This will be my first Spring in a garden of my own, and I would like your opinion | as to the absolutely essential things to | plant. I mean the things every one | thould have. Yours truly, E. P. G.” | What are the garden essentials? This | is a question which would require a meeting of the minds for its proper solution, and even then the consensus | would be no nearer right than the opinion of any one sincere gardener. For in the garden, as in the library, or in the concert hall, there is no pre- cise list, no selection which might not be bettered or which somebody else might not improve for himself. Yet there are limits in music, in books, in garden materials. It would be | impossible if any one were making a | selection from the world’s great march tunes to leave Sousa’s “Stars and Stripes Forever” out. It is forever in, If one were selecting the dozen great- est adventure stories, Alexandre Dumas’ “Three Musketeers” necessarily would find a place. | * x % | The beginning home gardener must pay attention to the grounds as a whole, as well as to individual plants. | For that reason we would place the grass as th~ first of a Tound dozen of | garden essen‘ials. It will be borne in | mind that this selection is our own; | that we make no claim to omniscience, but only to some experience. and that | we leave every reader, including our correspondent, free to make his or her own selection. | The strictly new amateur gardener— | there is a difference between newcomer | amateur gardeners and old amateurs, | BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. of varieties being listed under French hybrids, as they are called. To many people, however, there is no lilac quite like the old-fashioned sort, called the common purple lilac. This |s the shrub of the old days, and around it cling many memories for us. most of Us. nall towns of the country, from which so many of us came, the common lilac was the only one known and planted. Its fresh fragrance, its Jilac blossoms, its deep green, its sturdi- ness, appealed to us as children. We have never quite got over our fondness for it, and we see no particular reason V] should. ‘.hlveryy“ garden ought to have lilacs, and every yard should have an althea push or two. Sometimes uhese are called Rose of Sharon. They are up- right-growing, stanch affairs, almost impossible to kill, and for that reason highly valuable in the average yard. Children and bumble bees like their gracious and really beautiful blossoms. When planted close together saltheas make an admirable hedge, but for the best effect should be permitted to grow unchecked. The practice of making a low hedge out of this essentially tall bush is not to be recommended. * K K K A few evergreens should be put in the ‘oundation planting of every home. Our favorite is the PAtzer's juniper, a spreading low variety of dark green. If one prefers taller types, any nursery- man can give a selection. Another essential shrub, to our way of thinking, is the Spirea van Houtte, perbaps the most popular shrub in cul- tivation today. Its widespread planting is mnothing nst it. When its long branches of te flowers are in bloom there is the latter including most of us—may | nothing more beautiful, and all during not think of the grass plants as the | foe ses, ot the Spring and Summer it xfirmst essential things in his garden at | remains a classic shrub. e | " Sometimes folks call the Van Houtte The builder has sodded his yard for 'tne “Bridal Wreath” but the latter is him, he moves in and finds it there, 4 more sprawly bush, not to be com- and tends to accept it. Unless his ex- | pared with the queen of the spirea fam- perience is exceptional, however, he | jly It must be admitted that shrubs will discover that he has more or less | jose their leaves in Winter, but this is of a continual fight on his hands 0 | no fault, after all. In some respects it keep it in good order. | 1s & virtue, for only by loss and renewal Tt is essential to keep it looking well, | of foliage do they keep their place in for the grass is the background of the | our hearts. It is true that they do not entire garden. As the years go by the | do much of a job of decoration in Win- newcomer gardener will find that he | ter, but who cares? That is the job of tends to become more finicky about his | the evergreens. {lawn, and it will be because he comes | . to realize more every day that as the grass 1ooks o looks the garden. * x % Every new gardener should have a | few gladiolt and iris, if for no other The time and money and labor spent upon this feature is never wasted. However beautiful the flowers may be, they merely accentuate the loveliness of the grass. The lawn in some ways is the central feature of all. Its green is soothing to the eye and lovely in itself. As a sort of foil to the flower colors it plays one of the most important of all garden roles. Without at least tolerable grass one scarcely needs a garden at all. £ b Roses are essential. These really are shrubs, but have modern garden that they are not grouped with them. ‘This “queen of flowers” is one of the most troublesome and difficult to raise, but one good bloom is worth it all. Perhaps the amateur had better wait several years before planting roses, and then again perhaps he had better not! ‘The chances are that he will not wait. In this determination every one interested in gardening will sympathize. As to which roses to plant from e hundreds of varieties one must be left to his own desires. But three very safe ones are Radiance and Red Radiance among the bushes and Dr. Van Fleet among the climbers. A few roses well sprayed and well i fertilized will be better for the beginner come to occupy such a place in the | reason than to become acquainted with two of the finest flowers in the world. | Along with the rose they constitute the | great floral trio. In saying this one is conscious of a deep loés in omitting the peony, but it cannot be helped. In | selecting books one never chooses one | without leaving out a cozen or so which | may be as good. The same holds true | of flowers. |~ The ease of growth of both the glad- |iolus and the iris, especially at the hands of the newcomer to the garden, makes them essential, but their floral | perfection is their chief charm, and the one which enables them to take a | greater grip on the mind and heart | than any other flowers. There is no | enthusiast quite like the gladiolus and iris “fan,” unless it be the rosarian. | And he, of course, is in a class by him- | self. * ok ox % Among the annuals we select the humble petunia and zinnia as essential. If you don't grow anything else in your |garden the first year, grow these two |and have some pretty flowers. | have been perfected to a point where c;?n the old-timers find them accept- able. ‘Two common vines ought to find a place in every garden—the morning glories and the honeysuckle. The for- | mer, by self-seeding, grow every year Of the latter there are Both | The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Running in what has been held to be the most radical State in the Union, politically speaking, North Dakota, Gov. “Alfalfa Bill” Murray of Oklahoma was beaten in the presidential primaries there Tuesday by a three-to-two vote, according to the returns received. This seemingly would pretty well dispose of the Murray candidacy to the minds of most Democrats. Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York, who took Gov. Murray over the jumps in North Da- kota, looms again as a vote getter. It seems likely that it may dawn on the minds of some of the Democrats who have been oposéd or lukewarm to the Roosevelt candidacy that the New York Governor, after ail, is & vote-get- ting candidate with whom it might be far easier to win a victory next No- vember than with a compromise can- didate, selected after a terrific strug- gle in the Democratic National Con- vention. There are Democrats, how- ever, who seemingly would rather jeopardize the chances of the party for victory than accept Roosevelt. * % ox % ‘There will be lots of alibis presented for the Murray failure in North Dakota. It will be said, and with truth, that the Roosevelt people were the first in the field and that Murray was a compara- tively late entrant. As a matter of fact, the Roosevelt campaign for the presidential nomination has been under way for more than a year and it will be found in practically all of the States that much work had been done for him before other candidates became active. It will be urged, too, that the “organiza- tion" was back of Roosevelt in North Dakota. Well, so it was, and so it will be in other States, except Massachu- setts, New Jersey, Texas and a few of the other States where favorite sons have been put forward. Roosevelt to- day is occupying much the same posi- tion that his old friend, Alfred E. Smith, occupied four years ago at this time, when Democratic State organizations in many of the States were working for him, * kx % That Gov. Murrayv of Oklahoma really bas had a chance for the Demo- cratic nomination for President this year has not appeared within the realm of possibility, despite the big crowds which have gathered to hear him speak. He has been widely advertised, largely because of his picturesque nick- name and his spectacular comeback in Oklahoma polities in 1930, when he returned to that State from South America “on a shoestring” and got himself the Democratic nomination for Governor. But the suffrage of the Democrats of Oklahoma, after all. does not strike terror into the democracy of New York, Pennsylvania and Illino for example, and it takes a lot of del gates in a national convention to nom- inate a Democratic candidate for President. " e Roosevelt has taken his first two hurdles with success—the primary in New Hampshire, where he was op- posed by Smith, and the primary in North Dakota, where he met up with Murray. He is expected to run away with the Georgia preferential primary on March 23. If he does, he will have scored heavily in primaries in_the North, the West and the South. None of the three States involved has a large delegation in the national convention. But Roosevelt's victories in these sec- tions of the country have indicated that he is probably strong with the voters in other States in these same sections. State lines in the South do not, generally speaking, mean a diffc ence in political sentiment and opii ion. The same is true in the Norih and the West. It has been held that ANSWERS TO "QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]J. HASKIN. Few Americans realize how much their Government does for them. Readers of The Evening Star can draw on all Government activities through information service. world's greatest libraries, laboratories and experimental stations are at their command. Ask any question of fact and it will be answered free by mail direct to you. Inclose 2-cent stamp for reply postage and address The Eve- ning Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. In stud poker should the first bet be made on the buried cards or on the first exposed cards?—L. M. A. Stud poker may be played either way. The more usual way, however, is to make the first bet on the first round of exposed cards. Q. As & mining engineer did Presi- dent Hoover go to China or to Aus- tralia first>—R. S. A. Australia. Q. Was Julia Sanderson ever married to Tod Sloan?—B. A. Tod Sloan was her first husband. They were married in 1907. Q. Can you tell me who holds the | copyright on the song “There's a Long, Long Trall A-winding"?>—F. B. C. A. The song was copyrighted in 1914 by M. Witmark & Sons, New York City. wq.D Why do citizens fail to vote?— A. A survey made in Chicago found reasons falling into four classifications, as follows: tion time, 25.4 per cent: ministrative obstacles. 12.6 per cent disbelief in voting, 17.7 per cent: in- ertia, 44.2 per cent. Three-tenths of 1 per cent of the women will not vote because in registering it is necessary to disclose one’s age. not vote because their husbands do not believe in woman suffrage, and 1.8 per cent because they do not be- lieve in woman suffrage themselves. Disgust with their party keeps 2 per cent of voters from the polls. Q. Over what river was the bridge which is in the poem “I stood on the bridge at midnight"?—A.. W. B. A. Tte Charles River. which sepa- rates Charlestown from Boston, is re- ferred to in this poem, called “The Bridge.” Henry W. Longfellow was the author. . idea that some solids when melted go immediately from a liquid to a solid state without passing through a plastic condition?—J. H. B. A. The Bureau of Standards says that when an alloy melts at a specific temperature, rather than over a range of temperatures, tte composition of the alloy is said to be eutectic, and the point at which it melts or solidifies is the eutectic temperature, or point. Q. Has Great “Britain a foreign le- gion comeamble to that of France?— L. J. W. "A. It has not. Q. How is the attempt to drain the Zuyder Zee progressing?—R. R. A. Water has been drained from 50,- 060 acres behind the first dyke, and part of this land is being studied with a view to remove the salt from the soil. In the end the entire Zuyder Zee is not to be drained. Yssel Lake will be confined within 280.000 acres and be fed with fresh water by Yssel River. Q. What is the origin and meaning of the expression “To fight like Kil- ! kenny_cats”?—J. J. K. | TA. It means to fight till both sides have lost their all; to fight with the ut- most determination and pertinacity. Tha story is that during the Te- Gellion of 1798 Kilkenny was garrisoned by a troop of Hessian soldiers, who One per cent do | Q. What word is used to convey the | than scores of them. He may be | without effort. tempted to “go in” heavily for them, | several good varieties besides the com- but he will do well to moderate his | mon sort. desires at first. We, have omitted perennials and * trees because they deserve columns and Essentlal shrubs for every garden are, | volumes by themselves. They are es- in our opinion, lilacs and altheas. | sential to the garden, but mot neces- There is a big choice in lilacs, scores | sarily to the first-year garden. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands * x % EYLQN DAILY NEWS, Colom-, the canvases and rusting of the recep- —2To the Editor: A steady |tacles. It was found that the paint- and creditable source of reve-|ing by Titian, alone of the five, was nue is neglected from want of | slightly damaged by moisture, but can energy on the part of our coun- | readily be restored to its proper con- cilors. Every other country issues|dition. All the others are in a per- commemoration stamps on suitable | fect state of preservation occasions. Ceylon let pass the cen-| The Russian painter, M. Ivan Ko- tenary of the British occupation, the| karef, is supposed to have been the advent of the Donoughmore constitu-| instigator of the theft. Unfortunately tion, and other occasions, without any | for the success of the scheme, such a issué of special stamps. No use has| commotion was raised at the disap- been made of her mountain scenery,| pearance of the masterpieces that M. her waterfalls, her palms, etc., for | Kokaref and his confederates were stamps, which would have been adver- | never able to make any disposition of tisements reaching every part of the | them. world as well as a steady, constant source of revenue, e only excuse councilors can offer is” the ndverulu‘mm. opinion of the treasurer; if this is not a mere excuse, | Berliner Tageblatt—A grim travest: let us remember that after 23 years in of war has u‘ffloldea flseg at Puuuu): Ceylon and 9 years at the treasury the | A prisoner of war has just returned to treasurer was as helpless as anybody | that small Bavarian city from Siberia, else to know the danger of recent|whither he was sent by the Russians budgeting and to avert a crisis in the |a prisoner of war. He was not recog- financial position of the country. Let| pjzed by his parents, living in the our councilors act on their ~better |nearby village of Neuern, in the knowledge and not accept adverse opin- | Boechmerwald, but, as he professed to jons which are contrary to the uni-|pe penniless and homeless, they ex- versal experlence of the Old World and | tended him the hospitality of the stable. he New. Perhaps the treasurer is not | The son amiably consented to this ar- against the special issues of Stamps: |rangement, for he had desired to sur- some councilor should raise the point | @PWRE PO B2 A% (U o par- and press for = “}"““8“1‘:‘ f.' the | ent he did i many opportunities for special stamps. | - e : e };;uhuc annot remain satisfied with | mThe mother, however, took the re. excuses. Yours, etc. NOT A PHILATELIST. e w First Woman in Turkish History Executed. | | ‘Kuo-Min, Tientsin (Translated from | * X ok % | Parents Fail to Recognize ‘War Prisoner Just Returned. for safe-keeping and, examining it with natural if not maternal curiosity, found quite a sum of money in it. This led to the supposition that she and her husband were entertaining & robber, but in the meantime an innkeeper alnured the father th;t the ne:tlé- for the North China rival undoubtedly was his son; that he B estincoing i himself was positive on this point. The Star): father arrived home, finally convinced A week or two ago, for the first time of his boy's identity, just in time to in Turkish history, the death penalty | prevent his wife's summoning of the was inflicted upon a woman. There police. It seems that the return of the hero have been, of course, instances, though | was delayed by the Russians forgetting not frequent ones, wherein women they had him. and then by the neces- have been convicted of murder, but Sty of remaining in Siberia until he the sentence was invariably commuted | accumulated enough money to defray from capital punishment, the usual| the Roosevelt boom for President was ' amused themselves by tying two cats together by their tafls and throwing them across a clothesline to fight. The | authorities resolved to put a stop to the | “sport,” but on the officer on duty ap- proaching one of the troopers cut the two tails with a sword and the cats made off. When the officer inquired the meaning of the bleeging tails he was told that two cats had been fight- ing and had devoured each other, all but the tails. Q. Where is the center of popula- tion of New York City?—R. P. A. A. It is near the intersection of Borden and Greenpoint avenues. It is 3!, miles from Times Square. almost on the axis of Forty-second street. Q. How much money was yaid to the two biggest broadcasting comygples last year>—D. M A. It is estimated that their agnbined income from sale of time was about $35,000,000. Q. Is there any explanation for the counter-glow or Gegenschein?—L. J. R. | A The spectrum of the Gegenschein, | as observed by Fath of Lick Obser | tory in 1908, seems identical with th of ‘sunlight. and there is little doubt, according to some astronomers. that the illumination is caused by the re- flection of sunlight by a belt of small bodies revolving in orbits which lie mostly within that of Venus, but some | of which may extend beyond the earth. Q. Was the school which had a foot | ball team called the Carlisle Indians a college?—A. C. T. A. The Carlisle Indian School was originally a military post at Carlisle. Pa.. and was made into an elementary school for Indians in 1878. It was never a college, but remained &n ele- mentary school for Indian youths until shortly after the World War, when it was discontinued and the plant re- ]‘lwred to the War Department. Q. How long ago were horses intro- | duced into Palestine?—S. E. A. Fossil remains more than 4000 | years old have been identified as those | of & horse. } Q. What proportion of the assets of a big life insurance company is lent to its own policy holders?—W. M. A. The report of ome of the blg insurance companies shows that 20 per cent of its assets goes into | policy loans. 1 Q. What foods contain the most vi- tamin D?>—P. R. | T A. Eggs, butter. milk and salmon are | the best means of providing these es- | sential vitamins through food. Sun- light in the Summertime and cod liver |ofl in the Winter are recommended for all children as main sources of vita- min D. Q. Who made our first postage stamps?—A. R. B. A. The Pest Office Department says that the first postage stamps were made under centract in 1847 by Rawdon, Wright, Hatch & Edson of New York. Q. Do ships have to carry a motore propelled lifeboat?—C. T. L. A. All ocean steam vessels of more than 2,500 gross tons carrying passen- gers whese route at any point lies more than 200 miles off shore must carry at least one motor-propelled lifeboat s & part of their required lifeboat equip- ment. Q. Why must an alien wait two years before applying for citizenship papers in this country?—L. 8. A. An interval of two years between the time an alien came to this country and the time when he could apply for first citizenship papers was considered wise in order that the allen might have an opportunity to become fariliar with cur customs and laws and to determine fully whether he desired to remain and become a citizen. rned soldier’s knapsack into the house | his journey home. He had long since consequence in the case of men, to life imprisonment. In the present case, however, the woman, whose name was Fatimha Ha- num, had slain another woman, and | the murder was perpetrated w! e quintessence of premeditation ana cic- | cumspection that any charity ‘or com- miseration seemed humanly impossi- | ble under the circumstances. The exe- | cutfon was at Stamboul, and was or- | dereg to be public. Thousands of peo- | ple attended the spectacle from all parts of the city. | Fatimha faced her fate .courageously, | and mounted the scaffold without as- sistance. After a brief prayer, she as- | sisted the hangman in the prelimi- | naries of his office, and even gave him the final signal when all was in readi- | ness. She died almost instantly. | & %% & Rare Stolen Paintings Recovered Near Moscow. Le Soir, Brussels.—After long and unremitting search have been found the five pictures, “The Messiah” by | Rembrandt: “Ecce Homo,” by Titian; | “‘The Holy Family.” by Correge; “Saint ‘John the Evangelist”” by Carlo Dolce, | and “The Flagellation of Christ,” by | Pisano, which were surreptitiously re- | moved from their frames at the Mos- cow Museum of Art, in 1927 and car- | ried off by persons unkncwn. The paintings were recently dmnv-; ered buried in two different locations in | been placed in pewter boxes and her- | metically sealed with a special prepa- ration to prevent both deterioration of been listed as dead on the Austrian | Army records. P Fund Raised for Widows And Orphans of Police. El Mercurio, Santiago.—The sub- scription list for the reilef of the des- titute widows and orphans of San- tiago's police officers has just closed. ‘The fund so collected will be used to alleviate the circumstances, particu- larly, of the dependents of officers killed in the performance of their duty, either by malefactors or by acci- dent. The total of the monetary dona- tions received from public-spirited cit- izens and social organizations com- prised 11,841 pesos, a sum sufficient to relieve some of the more urgent cases involving the familles of these brave men. Necessities arising in the future, when the fund is exhausted, will un- doubtedly be met with a further gen- erous response on the part of our cit- izenry. We desire to thank all who have been so charitably disposed, and have confidence that no similar ap- peals which may be necessary will be in vain, for those who have made the supreme sacrifice for our protection and security. ——— Running From the Wolf. From the Dayton Daily News. An Ottawa trapper says that an able- ind us of de kind of weather ! the vicinity of Moscow. They had first | bodied man can overtake and capture a wolf in eight hours, despite the fact that most of able-bodied men we know wouM be other way. frothy and without substance by some of the anti-Roosevelt Democrats. But the results of the primaries so far held would not indicate this to be the case. *ix * ‘The Pathfinder Publishing Co. has tabulated the results of a presidential poll in which it sought opinion in all the States of the Union on 18 presi- dential “possibilites,” including seven Republicans and ten Democrats and one Socialist. The votes for the Republicans mentioned for the presidential nomina- tion showed President Hoover leading by a tremendous ratio. Thev follow: Hoover, 63,513; Borah, 3,042; Coolidge, 1,470; ‘Johnson, 1465; Dawes, 1,104; Pinchot, 851, and Norris, 739. On the Democratic side, Roosevelt's name led all the rest by an impressive margin, althougn some of the Democratic candi- dates_had much larger votes than did the Republicans who trailed Hoover. The Democratic list follows: Roosevelt, 30,822; Gamner, 10.410; Smith, 8247; Murray, 7,076; Ritchie, 1967; Baker, 1,947; Reed, 399: Young, 306; Robinson, 270, and McAdoo, 264. The lone Socialist voted for was Norman Thomas, | who had 673. % X * Leaders In dry organizations are threatening to set up a third political party if the Republicans should write into their party platform in Chicago a plank for the resubmission of the eighteenth amendment. It is signifi- cant that these drys are saying little about what they would do if the Demo crats put such a plank in their plat- form. Apparently the drys themselves believe they have lost their grip to some extent on the Democratic party { nationally, although in the South they still _continue to dominate the Demo- cratic organization and candidates. Dr. Clarence True Wilson of the Meth- as saying that the drys would go to extreme lengths to punish the G. O. P. and President Hoover if a resubmission plank were placed in the party plat- form. 1If the drys attempt to re-estab- be compelled to admit that they are on the way down the toboggan. Such a party was kept alive for years in the days before the eighteenth amendment was adopted. But it was not until the late Wayne B. Wheeler and other dry leaders undertook to work within the Republican and Democratic parties themselves that the movement for na- tional prohibition got anywhere. What the Republicans and President Hoover will do about a resubmission plank in the making. * ok ok ok The Republicans are conducting & drive cf their own for funds and work- ers in a measure comparable to the Democratic victory drive, though not so widely advertised. The movement started, as a matter of fact, in the interest of President Hoover's renomi- nation, but as' it has become evident t> all that his renomination is & fore- gone conclusion the effort has been turned into & G. O. P. drive. “Hoover Thirty-two Clubs” is the title given the organization and the movement was launched by some of the President’s friends from West Town, Pa. Now it is reported that 785 of these clubs have been set up in 44 States. Membership in the clubs includes a contribution of a dollar or more, and these contribu- tions have now reached a!most 22,000. Every contributicn is turned over to Jnfie‘ph R. Nutt, treasurer of the Re- publican National Committee, used for the Republican organization end the coming campaign. David Hin- shaw, a friend of President Hoover and former publicist of New Ycrk, originated the plan for the clubs and has had charge of the actual drive for their organization. Republicans are beginning to sit up and take notice as the campaign ap- proaches. They are no longer as down in the mouth as they were a few months or even weeks ago. They be- lieve that they have a chance, that eco- nomic conditions show signs of improyv- ing, and that President Hoover will be given credit by millions of voters for the rellef program that he has put for- ward. Furthermore, they do not be- lieve that the country is enamored of the Democrats. And most particularly are they looking forward to a terrific h‘!fi'.lz) in the Democratic National Con- vention. odist Board of Temperance is quoted | lish the old Prohibition party, they will the party platform, however, is still in| | :Bfiby Bonds Believed to Have Unusual Function in Finance Country-wide discussion of the “baby bonds,” issued by the Government as an effective substitute for hoarding, em- phasizes the fact that they have a place in national finance which is entirely new. It is shown that they are not ernment, but rather to aid the people and to draw money from hiding. Nat- ural pride in ownership of such securi- ties, their flexible character, and the fact that they represent a form of cur- rency which bears interest are cited as qualities which should appeal to the buyer. The additional merit that the money pald remains in the banks cited as another point in their favor. “The Treasury Department makes it clear,” according to the Oakland Trib- une, “that it does not treat it as an intensive drive to sell the new certifi- cates, as the Government does not need the money as it did in the days of the Liberty loan drive. It is announced that the banks may rely upon retaining the money from the anti-hoarding certifi- cates for a reasonable length of time. and that it is the desire of the Govern- ment to have the banks qualify as de- positaries and subscribe for them on & credit rather than a cash basis. As the plan will work out, the Treasury belfeves the banking structure will be strength- ened by the same move which will end | hoarding.” | "“The equal as a financial force has | not existed in the prior history of the | world,” says the Detroit News, with the | explanation that “mustered behind are the united powers of the United States Government and the Nation's entire private financial organization News also states as to the character of | the system introduced: ‘“The novelty | added to the United States fiscal system | is obvious. The Government guarantees redemption of the bonds at any time | at par and accrued interest, an abso- Jute assurance against depreciation Market fluctuations are ruled out. A $50 prosperity bond will serve as a $50 denominations of $50, $100 and $500 Uncle Sam issues the virtual equivalent of circulating money which pays inter- vest. If it is asked why only 2 per cent is pald, the conclusive answer is that |'no more need be offered for such a | special security. For the custody of hoarded money Uncle Sam does nof need to outbid the banks and the Pos- intended to meet the needs of the Gov- | is | People,” bill serves—and pay interest besides. In | on money hoarded in secret places or in safety deposit boxes. You pay some- | thing for the privilege of keeping it out |of circulation and hurting business. ‘The baby bond, on the contrary, is not taxable, and it is an_interest-bearing | investment. In this there is the per- | sonal reason, the self-interest, for un- earthing hoarded money and lending it | to the Government. The broader, al- | trustic reason for baby bond investment | is that it will tend to solve the problems | of the depression and unemployment. The Government will put the idle money to work, 2d working money'wu.l | put idle men back on the pay rolls.” | “Hoarding isn't good for us as s declares the Milwaukee Jour- | nal. “The lack of confidence that has | sent money into hiding is worse than | the actual loss of money from circula- | tion. Fifty dollars or a hundred dollars |in a drawer or a safe deposit box isn't helping anybody. If it goes for one man’s wages this week, another man's next week, and so on, it is helping | every one every time it is passed on. | The Government will borrow it and pass it on. The owner who does not need to | make an immediate expenditure or pay- | ment will get interest at the rate of 2 per cent. When he needs the money he gets it. These bonds are not for those who want permanent investments. The Government pays more for money it borrows for longer periods. But bonds at the higher rates fluctuate with the market. These baby bonds will be as stable as the currency for which | they are exchanged—and as safe. They ‘ take nm{ all reason for holding money circulation. | may be had as good as the money and | paying a little return on the side.” | —— e s [Postal Banking Plan | As Anti-Hoarding" Aid From the South Bend Tribune. | Each post office in the United States would become a commercial bank for | small depositors if legislative and exec~ | utive approval were given & bill intro- | duced by United States Senator C. C. | Dill of Washington. Approval is sought | by the Senator on the ground that most| | of the hoarded money would be broughi | out. He proposes the change in pos! | tal Savings System.” A “It is & heap better to have your money in a Government certificate than in on old sock,” thinks the Charlotte | banking regulations only as a tem porary measure. The commercial po | banking system would be suspended aft. | er three years under the bill's term: to be | | every administraticn that happens to Observer, and the Scranton Times re- marks that “instead of permitting money withdrawn from the banks to accumulate dust, hoarders can, by imn- | vesting In ‘baby bonds,’ be assured of some return, at the same time knowing that the stability of the Federal Gov- | ernment is behind these securities.” “The hoarder of currency,” remarks the Providence Bulletin, “not only will have the assurance of getting his money back dollar for dollar but of getting in addition interest for such time as he holds the bonds.” The Chattanooga Times suggests: “The widespread de- sire_to own bonds contributed in no small degree to the success of the Lib- erty loans of r days. The Federal | Government_1s now providing another opportunity for gratification of that de- e.” The Times adds that the bonds “should appeal to a citizen's patriotism | fully as much as the war bonds did, for | they are being issued as a part of the battle against depression, which is quite as dangerous as Germany was.' This method should be accom- panied,” advises the Des Moines Regis- ter, “by a clear understanding that this is not the setting of an example; that it is not to be emulated in the future by i suffer embarrass- | ments.” temporary fiscal LRI “Under the new Ohio tax law,” com- Hundreds or perhaps thousands of pos| offices are legalized savings banks und the postal savings law. If the Dill pro posal were adopted those post office | and others not now in the savings, sy: | tem would become “checking account depositories. |~ Citizens of towns and villages witH | out banking facilities might be give | needed service by a postal commerci | banking system. In cities havin banks, however, the demand for th type of Federel service may be incor sequential. Commercial accounts ha: not been used by the majority of adi citizens. Consequently, an education | campaign of unusual scope might | necessary to popularize the p | Pederal system. It is pertinent that disastrous withdrawals of fun| from private banks might be preciq tated by extension of banki e Ped n rn-ul l(;l;u the Colzlmefdll field. Th vernment is trying to strengthes remaining banks in all communit Com. therefore, has incentive withhold indorsement of the Dill pl —— oo, Prison Theft Explained. From the Dayton Daily News. That convict at Joliet, I, pris who stole the foot bal R ‘ provably was one of the Sunif> ments thg Toledo Blade, “you are taxed Who feared that the gridires cacs was being Weremphu”lud{mn o