Evening Star Newspaper, January 13, 1932, Page 8

A—8 x# \THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY . .Jdnuary 18, 1932 . .Eduorl The Evening Star Newspaper Company o usiness Office. 11th 8t. and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t cago Office: Lake Michigan Buildin. uropean”Offce: 14 Regent k.. London, England. THEODORE W. NOYES.. Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evening Star o 5¢ per month e Evening and 8 60c per month (when 4 Sunday: The Evening and (W] und 65c per month The Sunday Star . _,.5c_per copy Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by maii or telephone NAtional 8000. s Bunday ‘Star 5 T 500 5 o Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. & {ly and Sunday. iy only . unday only $4.00: 1 mo.. All Other States and Canada. {ly and Sunday...]yr. $12.00: 1 mo.. ily only .. $8.00 inday only 1yl i 1mo., yr.. $5.00: 1mo.. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all rews dis- atches credited o it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the local news published herein. All 1ights of publication of pecial dispatches herein are also 1eserved ¥l yri 1.00 iS¢ M. Laval's Troubles. When Pierre Laval decided the other day to submit the resignation of his en- tire cabinet as the result of War Min- ister Maginot's death and M. Briand's failing health, the French statesman yecently in Washington thought it would be a purely pro forma transac- ticn He would cross the street frcm his own ministry of the interior to the presidential palace and, in perfunctory fashion, return the combined Laval portfolios to M. Doumer as the mere forerunner of reappointment as premier. But the best laid plans of mice and men, including Frenchmen, sometimes do not pan out. M. Laval's arrange- ments were subjected to almost im- mediate disarray yesterday. M. Edouard 'lecuon. perhaps the more prized be- cause of the rumpus it raised at the customs office in Naples. This half dollar was paid in for a hair cut at the barber shop three years ago and had been lald aside because of its date, 1832, It is perhaps not generally known that for many years King Victor has been collecting coins and medals and also stamps. It is not known just how many items there are, but it is under- stood that it is one of the largest and richest assortments in the world. The King, as & youth, was slight and frall of health. His father, King Humbert, was greatly concerned over his condi- tion and imposed a rigid regimen upon‘ him to build up his constitution. He did not look favorably upon the some- what studious nature of the lad, but did permit him to engage in collecting odds and ends of materials such as boys always love to assemble. In time this research, as it became, grew to be the dominant interest in the life of the young prince, and when he ascended 50¢ | the throne, upon his father's death, he continued. Numismatists of various countries have corresponded with him and he has received gifts of rare coins and medals from all over the world. Doubtless he will prize the old Ameri- can coin, sent by the Newark barber, even though it may not have any par- ticular value, because of the peculiar circumstances of its discovery and de- livery. Kings are quite human in their hobbies and pastimes and unofficial pleasures. s Mr. Justice Holmes. . But the time has come, and I bow to the inevitable.” Thus Justice Holmes sums up and disposes of the reasons which prompt him abruptly to terminate, without fuss or feathers, a service of more than twenty-nine years in the United States Supreme Court; a service marked by notable contributions to the science of the law, to the art of living and to the wellbeing of his fellow citizens. “No man,” he once said, “has earned Herriot, leader of the Radical Social- ists, declined to accept the foreign ministership in a reconstituted cabinet. M. Laval had hoped, by inviting the Herriot faction group into his govern- ment, to enlarge the representation of the political parties and form & new cabinet more reflective of all shades of opinion. He projected that sort of a “national union” government which Ren= Viviani composed at the outbreak of the World War in 1914 and Ray- mond Poincare formed in 1926, when the Prench financial structure hovered on the brink of collapse. Laval's pur- pose was to have the republic repre- sented at the forthcoming Lausanne debt conference and the Geneva dis- armament conference by & government typifying both a strong and a united France. M. Laval's tactics in this latest and sudden cabinet crisis, now assuming an fmportance it gave no signs of having only a week 8go, suggest that he be- lieves & new tension is gripping Europe. ‘The German government’s flat-footed refusal to go on with reparations is largely accountable for a stiffening of the situation, as far as France is con- cerned. The end may be the summon- ing of an even stronger Nationalist than Plerre Laval to the premiership. Andre Tardieu, apostle of the Poincare strong- hand school of Prench politics, would bound into the picture if political align- ments in the Chamber continue to make 1t impossible for Laval to form a coali- tion government. M. Herriot's Radical Soclalists, a mili- tant group of eighty deputies, refused the seductive proffer of the foreign ministership for their chief on the ground that no such “crisis” confronts Parliament as would justify the party’s sbrogation of its principle not to serve in & union government. Should the foreign situation become as critical as M. Laval's maneuvers suggest, M. Her- riot's friends intimate that they might be persuaded to enter a cabinet com- bination, but would want & considerable hand in building it. There is unmistakably more of strat- agem than meets the eye in this unex- pected turn of the French palitical ka- leidoscope. That it is designed to make Germany sit up and take notice on the eve of the Lausanne reparations perley cannot be doubted. Paris is a past mis- tress in the solution of cabinet crises, and she will find the key to this newest one in due course. At best a new gov- ernment could hardly hope for more than four or five months of life, as the French general elections in May would’ in any event bring a fresh deal According to the latest aviation rec- | ords, airway travel is four times as safe as it was three years ago. Fine, | but 1t will have to becohie about forty- four times as safe as it is now before some folks are interested. e Gen. Dawes may think that he is going to rest. But his type of Ameri- can, as in the case of Elihu Root, can pever get far from the harness peg in Uncle Sam'’s barn. R R Some people are already wondering how many comic valentines Uncle Sam will get from debtor nations he has be- | friended e The King's Coin. Discovery recently in the mails this country of infernal machines, of which exploded with fatal results revealed & plot by anti-Faschts against officials of the Italian government sta- tioned in Americx and vthers friendly to the present regime in Italy. It was doubtiess on that acconnt that when a few days mgo several packages ar- rived in Italy from America sddressed to the King and some others of high rank that suspicion was,immediately aroused lest they be ,0f & -murderous character. The head of the customs gervice at Naples,’ where the mail ar- rived, boldly took it upon himself to open the suspected ~parcels. They proved to be of n entirely innqcent na- ture, One of them held some rolls of oflcioth sent from.a New York depert- ment store. Two of them contained in two albums of photographic scenes of Cali- | for constructive rather than destruc- | fornia. The fourth,'a small box mailzd from Newark, contained nothing more dangerous than an old American coin. It was that which had been addressed to the King. It now proves to have been sent by = barber in Newark, N. the right to intellectual ambition until he has learned to lay his course by & star which he has never seen—to dig by the divining rod for springs which he may never reach.” And possibly the greatest of the tributes that can be paid to this distinguished American is the fact that his life has given to countless men of this and coming gen- erations a pointer in the direction of the star that shines in the Truth. More than once, when it has seemed obscured by earthly haze, he has poinged it out just over the horizon. His mere retire- ment from the bench does not mean the loss of this guidance. If it requires a certain amount of intellectual grace to “bow to the in- evitable,” the test of genius is to recog- nize the inevitable. One of the many distinguishing characteristics of Justice Holmes has been his ability to discern the inevitable and to hold on to his conception, expressed in words that command respect, against the opin- jons of those whose wishful thinking has led them to believe otherwise. He became known as the great dissenter, not because of the number of his dis- senting opinions, but because of the manner in which they were proclaimed. And many of his best known dissents were based on his belief that no mat- ter what his own or, the opinion of others might be as to the wisdom or the righteousness of various laws en- acted in due form by the people and expressive of their striving toward what they believed to be higher things, the right of the people thus to strive should not be infringed. Some of his opinions on laws relating to social welfare in- ject & personal doubt whether the ob- jectives sought are worth the cost. But that doubt he never held to be just cause for interfering with the right of the people to try it out for them- selves. It is only by such trial and error that any progress is made. The really great men are those who help others to seek the star, wherever it may lie, and among them is numbered Mr. Justice Holmes. ———— ‘The new President of Spain is de- scribed as & very nifty dresser. How- ever, a King is about the only ruler who can wear a beret and get away with it. And did not Alfonso do just that? S s el Reno, Nev., is to have & new cathe- dral. Possibly it will some day enjoy Nation-wide recognition as “The Big Church Around the Corner. - The New York Deficit. President Hoover has found it im- perative to take the lead in bringing | about increases in Federal taxes to | balance in part & huge Treasury deficit. | And now, it appears, the Governor of New York, Franklin D. Roosevelt, recognized as the leading candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination, faces a paralle]l financial problem in the Empire State. Gov. Roosevelt has submitted his annual budget bill to the | State Legislature calling for a one hun- dred per cgnt increase in the taxes on incomes, & two-cent emergency tax on | stock transfers and other taxes. The Democratic Governor of New York is not likely to find his increased taxation program any more popular in that State than the Republican President; has found his proposals for increased | Federal taxes are popular throughout | the entire country. But increased taxes are necessary in New York State to meet the $124,000,000 State treasury def- States to meet the estimated $2,000,000,- 000 deficit which the Federal Treasury may face at the end of the next fiscal year unless there be & change in reve- nues and expenditures. The New York State deficit may be materially increased, 100, by the close of the next fiscal year unless steps are taken to bring in great- er revenue. The Governor of New York, like the President of the United States, in his budget message also has recommended mental expenditures. Gov. Roosevelt apparently has anticipated criticism of the fiscal program, for he has asked tive criticism, for the production of substitute plans to accomplish the pur- pose he has in mind, the uitimate bal- ancing of the budget. Failing such constructive criticism, the Governor be- lieves the critics should keep their 13, MaMan by birth and & devoted ad- mouths shut. Perhaps he visuelizes a mirer of King Victor Emmanuel, who | retort to his own recent attack on the s one of the world’s most enthusiastic numismatisis.- Probably by now the coin Federal administration, when he com- plained of lack of leadership. Perhaps ae e @0 piwoe I the INIgR o e feume et g Wilvind Bepublicax icit, just as they are in the whole United | considerable reductions in the govern-. THE EVENI v might suggest that in the great State of New York, which has had & Demo- ! cratic chief executive for years, there has been & lack of “proper leadership,” and from that lack the State now finds itself in a position where it is neces- sary to increase taxes and cut govern- mental expenditures. The business depression has hit the revenues of New York State hard, just as it has greatly reduced the revenue of the Federal Government. The business depression has been felt greatly in New York. But the depression has been due to economic causes beyond the control of either the Federal or the State gov- ernment. If the Federal Government— the Congress and the Executive—failed to trim sail in the face of this on- coming storm or even after the storm broke, as it has been charged, then it appears that the same boot fits the New York Btate government—the Legis- lature and the Governor. Gov. Roose- velt, like Bis predecessor, Alfred E. Smith, had a hostile Legislature, politi- cally, on his hands, and still has such a Legislature. But the President of the United States has been similarly placed, with a coalition of Democrats and in- surgent Republicans in the Senate dominating in that body. New York, like the Nation, faces a condition and not a theory. It needs more revenues and must increase taxes if it is to maiftain a stable government. The wise thing is to levy the increased taxes in a manner which will spread the burden and bring it upon those who can best bear it. The House Ways and Means Committee in Washington is be- ginning its hearings on a tax measure for the whole country andya similar committee of the State Legislature in Albany will soon be undertaking a comparable task. A minimum of poli- tics and a maximum of real statesman- ship is needed. R — German leaders have been debating the advisability of retaining in office President Paul von Hindenburg. A lot of people who may not know the exact ins and outs of Teutonic politics are still of the opinion that if the said leaders do not agree to this program then they do not know a good thing when they see it. B — D Billboards are blots; certain radio broadcasts are abominations. But the form of advertising that most quickly brings & low growl to the masculine throat is that long, intimate and en- tirely unnatural imaginary letter of praise or persuasion. D — If “Hack” Wilsen, sometimes slugging outfielder, will only take a cut at the ball as potent as the one his owners have taken at his salary, he may again be featured in headlines which will be pleasant reading to himself. —— e - The streets of Berlin are to be disin- fected. All know & few, lettered, num- bered and even named in honor of States, right here in Washington, that would be much the better for it. Great Britain has refused to follow the lead of the United States in invok- ing the “nine power treaty” in the Man- churian conflict. Just what did she sign it with, & lead pencil? ————. “That's all there is—there isn't any more.” This 5 not Miss Barrymore NG STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C WEDNESDAY THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. How many readers are what Emer- son_called “natural readers”? “I am a natural reader,” said the sage of himself, “and only & writer in the absence of natural writers. In a true time, I should never have written.” A glance at any of the philosopher’s works, still very much read throughout America, will show any one what he meant by “natural writer.” His sentences do not flow. They jerk along, each beginning and ending suddenly. A certain amount of flowing charac- ter is essential in the natural writer Emerson had three times as many thoughts as he put down on paper; tha is why each sentence seems jerky. The other sentences are left out. In a few portions of some of his writ- ings, notably his essays, he managed to overcome this handicap. They move easily, harmoniously, touch of the great natural wrifers. Mostly, however, his work has an abrupt character, Which most readers feel but perhaps do not stop to analyze. He reads him best who is able to pui in the two extra thoughts which Emer- son had, but which he almost invari-| ably omitted. The so-called natural writer puts them In. Shakespeare put them in. Many a man of lesser reputation, who nevertheless has the gift of the ready writer, puts down on paper all three thoughts as he thinks them. He does not leave out one or two of them ‘Thus he comes to be called facile, and | this is praise, more often than not. Clarity is not a fault, but a great mat- ter, and sometimes a mass performance is necessary. ok ok ok It is more difficult to explain what America’s great early philosopher meant by the term “a natural reader.” Is not every one who reads a natural reader? The question must be answered in the negative. In the first place, there are thousands upon thousands of persons who read because they were taught to do_so. In and of themselves they do not en- joy the exercise. In fact, it is perhaps true that many thousands of these per- | sons have given up reading entirely, and never touch a book frem one year's end to another. They plead business, or social en- gagements, or what not, but the real reason is that reading becomes tire- some to them at about the age of 30 years, after which they give up the habit, just as many another man gives over bowling, or bicycling, or playing the mandolin. x o % % The natural reader never gives it up. His reading habits may change with | the passing years, but he reads assid lmusly, largely because he enjoys read- ng. Recreation he has never found time to be ashamed of. He knows that any- thing which interests him wholesomely and decently is entertainment. Thus he is saved that curious hypoc- risy which makes many clalm that they read for “improvement.” Of course they read for improvement! Honest en- tertainment always improves one, unless he is a dunce. ‘The natural reader may know him- self, and be known to others, by his avidity for any sort of printed matter. The only requirement is & certain standard of decency. with the sure | |, Within this tremendous latitude the books of the entire world are the nat- | ural reader's field of action. Nothing is strange to him. He is a Toamer, when it comes to his books, just as Emerson roved through the literature | of the East. | The natural reader (natural in the | same way that John Henry was “nachal | man”) finds something to interest him | 1n the holy books of the Hindus. Dis- | carded books of his own religion he | reads, to see why they were discarded. | "He turns naturally to a catalogue, if | one happens to be at hand, without | feeling the slightest trace of embarrass- | ment at the sudden transition. He is a | natural reader, and nothing that is hon- | estly printed is strange to him. * x Xk X The natural reader differs from the artificial in another large particular. He wants his cwn books. The natural- to use another fisherman’s tackle all the time. He wants his own. ‘The natural reader finds a genuine satisfactiop in purchasing, in handling and in pbssessing books which he is Ihappy to call his own. He is not content forever to read | bocks belonging to other people. While | he recognizes the place of the lending | library and is happy to see it fulfilling its mission, he realizes that this mis- | sion is not for him except at rare inter- vals. He thanks Fate that life has placed in his hands enough means to satisfy | his taste for good books, if not to the | extent which he would like, at least to the point where he is able to acquire books of his own from time to time. His selections thus are tempered by discretion, always an excellent thing. Not being able to squander money on his books, he is forced to select as wisely and as well as he is able. This makes practically sure that he will read the best books. * oK K K | What a pother there is made about | the best books, in some quarters, when | all the time they really are a very sim- ple matter, after all! | " There is no mystery about a good book to & natural reader—the man who | likes to read because he likes to read. | It is all as simple as the A B C. | A good book is a book which & suffi- cient number of natural readers have | declared to be a good book. | If any one wants to know just how |many of these readers constitute “a | sufficient number,” we reply that no one in the world knows. | "It is not so much a matter of sheer numbers as of the implication of those numbers, as of the weight which intelli- gence gives to itself in the mass. This may be interpreted as‘meaning | that a natural reader will know a good | book Jupon reading it, often merely by looking at it, and that cther natural | readers, in their turn, will realize the sanction of his judgment. Natural readers everywhere, in time and space, constitute a club or order of their own. There are no dues, no formal initiations, no silly ritual which attempts to disguise its essential buf- foonery by calling itself “solemn.” Reading is a gay, happy activity. If one does not find it 50, he is not a natural reader. That is a test. Arti- ficial readers are bored because they make poor selections, then find them tiresome. Natural readers naturally make good selections and find their books treasures. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Unless President Hoover continues the process of rejuvenating the Su- preme Court bench many insiders wouldn't be surprised if he appoints Chief Justice Arthur Prentice Rugg speaking, but Chancellor Bruening. And he appears to get as much pathos into | it as Ethel ever did. ——— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. In Lieu of Greater Things. Bome of us are fashioned strong Great rewards to win, An’ some of us must trudge along An’ do best we kin. If you can't philanthropize Millions at a time, Help some stranger that applies Merely for a dime. If you can’t put out a song That will thrill the earth, Help to make the chorus strong With a note of mirth. des’ a few is born to teach Lessons old or new. If you can't make up a speech, Jes’ say “howdy do!” A Simple Request. “What are you going to tell the people when you get home?™ “Nothing,” replied Senator Sorghum. “And all that I ask is that they'll re- ciprocate and not start telling me things.” - Improving. “Do you think your husband's taste in music is improving?” “Oh, yes. I can't break him of the habit of going to sleep at a concert. But he doesn't snore as much off the key as he used to.” Demoralizing Influence. A man by nature doomed to fear All harmless might his way pursue, Did he in terror not draw near And terrify the others, too. Exceedingly Conscientious. “I wouldn't marry the best man on earth,” sald the exacting young woman “Neither would 1,” rclied Mi% Cay- enne. “I should be afraid of the re- sponsibility. I might spoil his disposi- tion.” Perpetual Puzzle. The sage bids us have a care, Nor lightly live and shiftily, That we may bulld & fortune fair By guarding pennies thriftily. But when the fortune is attained, ‘What course will you pursue with it? How many ask in accents pained, “What am I going to do with #?” They.also say. that wisdom great Is more than riches glittering; Yet scholars often cultivate Frivolity and frittering. When wondrous knowledge own | He takes on tofl anew with it, | And asks in a discouraging tone, “What am I going to do with 1t?" is man's | “De mule has mean ways,” says Uncle Eben, “but he's useful in taken de con- ceit out'n de man dat thinks all he has to do to be & good driver is to flourish & whip an’ talk bossy.” 2 ey Uncle Sam Gets Break. | Prom the Philadeiphia Evenins Bulletin. mn;umlzemle Sam llfiil Mp‘.'o- P - of the Massachusetts Supreme Court to succeed Justice Holmes. The re- tiring veteran occupied that post in the Bay State when Holmes was brought to the United States Supreme Court by President Roosevelt in 1802. Presi- dent Coolidge once had Rugg under consideration for the highest Federal tribunal, Though nearly 70, Chief Justice Rugg is virile and vigorous. A chip of the old block, Charles B. Rugg, is an assistant attorney general at Washington. If Democrats are con- sidered for the Holmes successorship, Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo of the New York Court of Appeals will be among the conspicuous possibilities along with Newton D. Baker and John W. Davis. Naming of Attorney Gen- eral Mitchell or George Wharton Pep- per would mean more youth on the| bench like the Stone and Roberts ap- pointments, but might be ‘“geograph- ically” barred, both Minnesota and Pennsylvania _already having repre- sentatives in the Supreme Court. Judge Wilkerson of Chicago, Al Capone's nemesis, is being discussed. Illinois has not had a man on the bench since Chief Justice Fuller's days. * * * ok oK x No one who remembers Justice Holmes' plaintive radio talk in March a year ago, on the occasion of his ninetieth birthday anniversary, is astonished -by. the veteran's desire to end his great public career. There was the sad ring of resignation in Holmes’ voice—an unmistakable confession that he realized the sands were running out and that his active days were rapidly growing fewer. Yet in the intervening nine months the dean of the Supreme Court showed, in his work, few signs that his powers were in any way less virile than they have been for the past decade. Hls opinions continued ~ to breathe brevity and brilliance. A little less duty was assigned him by Chief Justice Hughes as the months wore on, and Justice Holmes himself became more and more of & recluse, being seen away from home and the Supreme Court hardly at all. Everybody who has had contact with his personal charm and towering intellect at Wash- ington agrees that those immortal lines from ““Hamlet” will apply for all time to Oliver Wendell Holmes: “He was a man, take him for all in all. I shall not, look upon his like again.” - PR President Hoover selected the man who is probably his closest personal friend in the Senate, Frederic C. Wal- cott, Republican, of Connecticut, to sponsor the $2,000,000,000 Reconstruc- tion Finance Corporation bill, which the Upper House has just passed by an overwhelming majority. The White House considers this project the most important item in its whole economic relief program. Senator Walcott is not only the President’s friend, but his ten- ant, the Connecticut solon’s family lrav- ing leased the Hoover mansion on S street northwest three years ago. Wal- cott’s comradeship with the President dates from their association in the World, War Food Administration. He was chosen as Mr. Hoover's assistant in 1917, and remained with him until.1919. ‘Mr. Walcott’s hobby is conservation of forests, water resources and wild life He has been active in those domains for years in Connecticut. * ook % Politically-minded Washingtoy, ,once having laken a notion about a (hing. clings to it like a hungry dog hangs on to a bone. Therefore, strange ‘nd f may seem, the Capital contains coubt ing Thomases who think Charley Dnws left a loophole in his statement aboul President Hoover, through which he might still crawl into a receptive mood for the G. P. presidential nomina- tion. Nobody knows Gen. Dawes' mind through and through as thoroughly as E. Ross Bartley, his private secretary of vice presidential days. Bartley is in Washington this week, laying wires for his new work as director of promotion for the Chicago “Century of Progress,” the great 1938 World Fair, which i good deal of a Dawes show. The gen eral never meant anything more in his life, according to Ross Bartley, than he did in his statement indicating that e wiil Dot Wy lougtit -or ‘deed |impede Herbert Hoover's path to re- nomination. Dawes will be in Chicago when the Republican convention fis holding forth in June. His friends are confident he'll be on hand, whooping it up for Hoover all along the line, * K K X Current sartorial notes in the Senate: Jim Ham Lewis has restored the white vest cult, which disappeared with Tom Heflin last March. Wesley Jones of Washington State is sporting blue shirts [with collars to match—a subtle tribute, the wets say, to the color of laws he sponsors. Mrs. Caraway, who continues to belie her sex's reputation for talk, hasn't made a single speech. She is | listening and attending faithfully. Mod- estly clad in black silk, topped off these chilly days with a lace scarf, the widow ’from Arkansas apparently considers a ineck covering a useful precaution | against the drafts which sweep into the “Sennle chamber from the adjacent Democratic lobby and cloak room. Sen- ator Caraway's seat is the latest addi- tion of the “Cherokee strip,” allocated to new members. * oK ok ok Secretary Stimson will be the of honor of the State Depflrtmentg(‘:lg:f respondents’ Association at dinner on Saturday evening, January 16. Many foreign Ambassadors and Ministers, as well as other State Department officials, will be present. The affair is a tribute to the scribes’ appreciation of Col. Stimson’s efforts to keep them and, through their writings, the country ac- | quainted with the “low down” on Amer- ica’s foreign affairs. At no time since | the present Secretary took office has he | had to keep his eye peeled in so many | directions. Reparations and war debts in Europe, disarmament at Geneva, | Japanese machinations in Manchuria, | incessant curiosity on Capitol Hill about | our external relations—these are some, | though not all, of the things that keep | the squire of Woodley anxious and oc- cupied these distressful days at home |and abroad. SRS The Capital's newest guessing contest concerns the personnel of the board of seven men who will direct and control the Reconstruction Pinance Corpora- tion. Actual loan operations are not ex- pected to begin much before February 1. Insiders are speculating on the ap- pointment of Owen D. Young, Bernard M. Baruch, Silas H. Strawn, Harry M. Robinson, Melvin A. Traylor, Rudolf S. Hecht (of New Orleans) and Edward | N. Hurley—a pretty virile combination. Gov. Eugene Meyer of the Federal Re- serve Bogrd will,, jn .any event, ‘tis | thought, be a dominating factor in the corporation. Nominations will. require senatorial confirmation, and fireworks in that direction are probable whoever is named. i X oxox o Apart from the territorial authorities in the Interior Department and Navy officials, no one in Washington is more Mnlm'ested in the Hawallan crisis than Senator Bingham, Republican, of Con- | necticut _or Undersecretary of State | Castle. Both of them were born in Honolulu, It was Bingham who this | week Introduced the Senate resolu- tlon for investigation of conditions in the islands by the Department of Jus- tice. The Senator's father was a mis- sionary in Hawail 60 years ago. Bill Castle’s father, who is still alive, is ohe of the territory’s American pio- neers, having himself been born at Huitolulu in 1849, Since Queen Lilluo- kalani’s departure the Castles have been known as Hawali’s ruling family. ‘They are pre-eminent in the islands’ commercial and agricultural affairs and rendered yeoman service in their development. (Copyright, 1932.) r———— e Looks Like U, S, Wil Win. From the Rookford Rewlster-Republic | Bankera Tamont and Mitchell make the glad klatsment that the huge hold- ings of foreign bonds in this country do not peril the Nation. The United States can take n lot of punishment. The fighter that can take it is the fighter that wins, . Training Movie Ushers. Prom the Ashland Dally Independent. But after you go o to bow from the walst, it do v | mote" born fisherman would not be content | JANUARY 13, 1932 Admiral Attacks Plan To Cut Federal Wages 70 the Editor of The Star: In this moot question of reducing the salaries of employes of the United States Government the most important point has been entirely overlooked. During the past decade and a half of so-called Pprosperity the pay of artisans through- out the country was raised by 100 per cent to 150 per cent, the Congress raised the pay of its own members 33}3 per cent, as well as that of certain other high officials of the Government, while in commercial life the salaries of execu- tives rose to untold heights. During this boom period the salaries of civilian employes of the United States Govern- ment and also of the Army and the Navy were either not raised at all, or, if raised, then only by a small amount, relatively speaking, and then generally in special cases. Now during this defunct boom, whase obsequies we have all recently attended, $5 shoes went up in price to from $12 to $15. and all rents, food and clothing followed suit. Those who had received a commensurate raise in pay were able to meet this gouge more or less com- placently, but the employes of the Gov- ernment, civil, military and naval, had awfully hard sledding. At the present time prices of commodities necessary to life are coming down to a fairer figure, and the heretofore neglected Govern- ment servants, the humble ones, whose voices have heretofore fallen upon deaf Governmental ears, are beginning to have a square meal and some clothing to keep out the cold. And now on many sides is heard the suggestion that these salaries, which were never raised in boom times, be reduced. The Government employes unques- tionably are loyal to the United States of America and always have been, but they will not stand for injustice from legislators or others. Let the Congress first reduce its own pay by 33'3 per cent, where it was before the boom, so that all may start on the same level once more, and then, thereafter, let any reduction that may have to be made in the interest of necessary economy be applied in equal percentage to the mem- bers of the Congress themselves, and then the patriotic employes of the Gov- ernment will loyally respond if and when a general reduction becomes nec- essary. It behooves the employes of the Gov- ernment to scrutinize the proceedings of their representatives in the Congress very closely, tor the recent passage by the House. of Representatives of unjust tax laws to burden the helpless in- habitants of the District of Columbia shows & total disregard of first prin- ciples of justice, and almost anything may therefore be expected. Govern- ment employes should jealously guard their right to vote in their respective States, and those who have carelessly lost the privilege should take prompt steps to regain it. The Republican party elephant will need to do some tall hustling to indicate his real usefulness in order to soothe public opinion, and the Democrats will also need to look sharp as to where the feet of their donkey wander between now and next November. SUMNER E. W. KITTELLE, Rear Admiral, U. S. Navy (Retired). r—e— Military Government Proposed for Hawaii To the Editor of The Star: The controlling reason for our acqui- sition of the Hawalian Islands was that they are the key to the Pacific and are indispensable to our national se- curity, particularly the defense and protection of our Western coast and the Panama Canal. Unless they are to serve these ends there is little justi- fication for our possession of them. They are territory of the Unilted States and in the matters of govern- ment and control are entirely subject to the jurisdiction of the Congress. But in a moment of exalted altruism and without any vision of the future, which has characterized all our ven- | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS ‘Washington is the world's greatest storehouse of all kinds of knowledge. You can draw on it free of charge through our bureau here. Any ques tion of fact you may ask will be an. swered promptly in a personal letter to you. Be careful to write clearly, give your full name and address and inclose two-cent stamp for reply postage. Send your inquiry to The Evening Star In- Director, Washington, D. C. Q. In contract bridge, does the fact that a small slam or grand slam fis made when only game is bid point to the conclusion that the players did not value their hands properly?—A. L. A. Approximately 75 per cent of slams made are not biddable. Oppo- nents play differently against a slam bid. Also there may be a fortuitous lead or misplay on the part of an op- ponent. Q. Which horse of the progeny of Man o' War has most nearly ap- proached him in physical appearance and track performance?—J. A. E. A. Miss Elizabeth Daingerfield, who managed the horse after his retirement from racing, says that American Flag most nearly resembles his sire. Faraway Farm the son was often mis- taken for the sire, and vice versa, by horsemen and other visitors. Miss Daingerfield thinks that American Flag also came nearest to reproducing Man o' War's qualities as a race horse, al- though Crusader was more famous and more successful, due to the fact that he was a sounder horse. Q. Will filling up the brick wells around trees with dead leaves injure tha trees>—C. B. H. A. It will injure them. Wells should be kept open, so that the bark will stay dry and healthy. The reason for these wells is that the bark above the ground does not readily adapt itself to moist (such as underground) conditions. Q. How much per square foot does a complete janitor service in a modern office building and medical building 0 t?—P. 8. W. : A. According to a report of the Na- [ tional Association of Building Owners and Managers, strictly for cleaning costs, all cities give the average for 1930 as 20.5 cents per square foot. A small group of medical buildings re- ported a cleaning cost of 23.7 cents per square foot. Cleaning is but one of the operating costs in an office building— the other groups of strictly operating items being electricity, heating plumb- ing, elevators, general expense and power, wkich show a total operating cost of 62.3 cents per square foot for office buildings and 77.25 cents per square foot for medical buildings. Q. What are bilboes?—C. H. A. is name was given to a bar of iron sliding shackles once to ' fetter prisoners. last year in salaries by Harvard Uni- versity?—M. E. salaries and research work. Harvard's total ‘income was about $13,000,000. . What size are crimson clover seed?—D. K. A. About the size of a pin head. Q. Please -give recipe for salting |nuts —N. M. A. Blanch almonds and filberts. Use raw peanuts and remove sKins. Use whole pecan nut meats. For each cup of nuts, heat, in a small frying pan, one-half cup olive or cooking ofl or half lard and hall clarified butter. Put in enough nut meats at a time to cover bottom of pan and stir over fire until delicately browned. Remove with spoon or small skimmer, taking up as little ofl as possible. Drain on brown paper and sprinkle lightly with salt. Avold cooking nut meats - (especially formation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, | Q. How much money was paid out | L A. Harvard paid nearly $5,000,000 for | BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. | pecans) too long, as they darken after | being removed from fat. | Q. Into how many languages has ‘The Rosary” been translated?—M. T. | A. Into eight. Q. How was the chief clerk or read- | ing_clerk of the Senate appointed?— | A McC. A. John Crockett, the present chief | clerk of the Senate, who acts as read- |ing clerk, was chosen In 1903., The | Senate at that time directed the see- | retary of the Senate to select a read- | ing clerk. A number of people were | tried and Mr. Crockett was chosen. Q. K. M. A. The 330-ton submarines of the H class are the smallest listed at the present, time. Q. Why did the automobile industry locate in the Middle West?>—W. F. M. | A. The Middle West was the home | of most of th> early automobile build- ers, and for this reason the automobile industry located in that section of the country. Buick was from Ohio, Haynes | from Indiana, Ford from Detroit, Win- | ton from Cleveland, White from Cleve- | The Middle West is also conveniently | located as to both coal and iron, which | are necessary in the automobile in- | dustry. | @ When was the first G. A. R. en- campment?—J. B. 8. A. November 30, 1866, in Indiane | apolis, Ind. | Q What is the origin of the name | for the Sam Browne belts?—G. C. | A. Gen. Samuel Joseph Browne was |an English officer prominent in the | early Indian campaigns and the Indias How small are submarines mzad»? M. tljand and Studebaker from mutiny. He served in India. throught | out the great Indian mutiny and Sepoy | wars, during which he was twice | wounded and lost an arm at the Battle of Seeporah, which nearly cost him his life. It was the loss of his arm which caused him to devise a new sort | of saber belt, which was later gener- | ally adopted by the British Army. and | also by other military forces. This is | the belt which, with some modifica~ | tion, is today known as the “Sam | Browne” in the United States Army. | The proper designation. of the word, according to the War De}?'amnent, ' “Belt, Officers Model, 1921, Q. What harm does it do to auto- mobile tires to carry too much or too little air?—E. T. A. To little pressure breaks down the side walls of the casing, while too much pressure reduces the tire area placed | fn contact with the pavement and bumpy riding and greater tire wear result. . What is the day upon which ev?ry one in Hawail wears a lei>—G. M. A May day is Lei day In Hawail. | on May 1 every one in the islands wears & flower garland in special ob- servance of the friendly custom of giv- ing leis. Q Why was the city of Newport News given that name?—H. R. C. A. Newport News received its name in homor of two men—OCapt. Chris- topker Newport and Capt., ar Sir, Wil- liam Newce. The word News is a cor- | ruption of the latter name. Q. What form of government h: | Gold Coast, West Africa?—A. G. D. A. The Gold Coast is a British col- ony, divided into the Gold t Colony proper and the two nden Ashanti and the Northerp Ter k The governor, who is af present His | Excellency Sir Ransford.Slater, has his | seat of government at Accra. Q. Why are bats of value?—B. K. A. They are great destroyers of in- sects and furnish géano, which is a valuable fertilizer. / as the D. tures in territorial government, we very , unfortunately and mistakenly made ! them practically self-governing and autonomous, the effects of which have but recently manifested themselves most painfully. The islands are populated with a heterogeneous lot of all nationalities. The greater number, however, are .the Kanakas, who are the aborigines, and were cannibals within the memory of living man, and a very low class of Japanese, To have given these islands, under such circumstances, —autono- mous local self-government is ridicu- lous, but for the grave potential danger it involves for the United States. Con. trast, if you will, such an act with the denial of the right of suffrage to the residents of the District of Co- lumbia, whose av"age of character and intelligence is tae highest in our country. In view of the present situation in the Orient and the lawless and de- moralized conditions in Hawaii, Con- gress should lose no time in making these islands strictly a military and naval outpost, which they are by na- ture and geographical situation and were intended to be when we took them over, and put them without de- lay under a military form of govern- ment. If this is not done the time will come when they will prove to be a disastrous liability to us instead of an asset, which could be easily dem- onstrated if space permitted. The writer feels that he can speak with some little authority on this sub- ject, as he spent five years in e Orient and has often visited the l&h wailan Islands. ALEXANDER SIDNEY LANIER. e Bona Fide Deaf Persons Do Not Beg for Charity To the Editor of The Star In The Star of January 8 there ap- peared a headline which said “Police Probe Deaf ‘Begging Racket’” Dr. L. M. Lucas had complained to the police of being approached several times recently for funds to help “self-styled” deaf mutes to go to school to learn a trade. It is certainly a “racket,” and this writer is anxious to have it understood by the public that the deaf do not beg, and absolutely not for such pur- poses as these men who approached Dr. Lucas. To use a curious yet perhaps per- fectly legitimate description, a bona fide deaf person never begs for funds f6r ah education, because every State in the Union and the District of Columbia have free schools for these people. This is, however, a favorite plea with im- postors. The National . Assoclation of the Deaf prosecutes such impostors wherever apprehended. The last thing any one of these impostors desires is to be confronted by & bona fide dear PCThe writer wishes to th e writer wishes to thank Dr. Lug for bringing this matter to the ltt:::. tion of the palice, realizing the harm and misrepresentation such racketeers do to the deaf people as & class. He does, however, wish to correct any erroneous impression caused Dr. Lucas saying that he “understands the District provides agencies to care for these unfortunates without the neces- sity of door-to-door canvassing.” In the first place, deaf people are not “un- fortunates,” although admittedly handi- capped. Secondly, there are no agencies in the District nor anywhere else to take care of them in ‘that sense of the expressicn, because the deaf are as.a class as self-respecting and self-sup- porting a body of citizens as any. Most of all, a bona fide deaf persons does not beg. FREDERICK H. HUGH] ——— Immune Only in Court. From the South Bend Tribune. An_“immune” New York gangster 18 | States that they otherwise could not | murdered. His immunity, of course, was effective only in court, Safe Without Government. Prom the Walls Walls Bulletin. No Evidence of Study of the fate of third-party move- ments in American politics has con- vinced most commentators that the talk of a third party in the coming national campaign is unlikely to produce tangi- ble results. “It is a certainty that the next Presi- dent will be either a Republican or & Democrat,” declares the South Bend Tribune, voicing the thought that “the radicals are deriving enjoyment from the idea that their opposition is feared by the Democratic and Republican managers,” and the conclusion that “thus their self-esteem is fertilized ap- | Nation.” The Harrisburg Telegraph feels that “the wild talk may not be without its benefits,” for, in the opin- ion' of that paper, “very likely it will bring about wise concessions and useful compromises,” for “‘the Republican l&ldr. ers are in no position to be arbitrary.’ “So far as the principle of public favoritism for the safer and usually more conservative prospects can apply to the present situation,” according to the Springfield (Mass.) Union, “it would Indicate that the effect of a radical third party would be to draw from the Democratic rather than the Republican party, and would be more likely to help President Hoover than to hurt him.” This view is held also by the Abilene Reporter, which recalls that “La Follette polled almost five million popular votes in 1924, but the only effect wes to emphasize the Coolidge victory. An obstacle which is pointed out by the Oklahoma City Times is in the fact that “there is no leader in sight of such magnitude as to hope to lead 2 third-party ticket to victory in 1832, The Times adds: “Unless they blunder tremendously, the Democrats have an excellent chance of electing the next President. But it will be true in 1932, as it always has been, that & third-party Movement will weaken the old party whose leaders sponsor the new organi- sation. Democrats, with the best chapce in years before them, owe it to fhemselves and the country to avoid such mhukes.‘; * “A third party may be useful as a violent. stimulant to an older party, ! ‘advises the St. Louis Times, “but as a successful organdzation it stays on the track about once in a whole flock of blue moons. It's easier and more prac- tical to remodel an old party than to build & new one from the ground up, especially in view of the fact that there will never be more than two kinds of voters, the liberal and the conserva- tive.” The Rock Island Argus empha- siges the fact that “it is & matter of history that only one third party has ever been successful. That was the newly organized Republican party,” continues the Argus, “snd its nominee, Abraham Lincoln, received only 40 per cent of the popular vote. Mr. was elected by & split in the dominant party, the Democratic. * s * A third party received 27'; per cent of the pop- ular vote in 1912 and 16'; per cent in 1924. . What might prove to be & deter- ring influence to organizing a third ihe ‘Republican radicals now hold ‘on House and Senate committees might be forfeited.” - ‘Differing from some other observers, | the Sioux City Journal maintains that “a third party movement next year would result in the election of a Demo- crat to the presidency,” and that “the third-party ticket would not get far except to divide votes between itself and the Republicans and permit the Democrats to win the electoral votes of carry.” The Journal charges that “if the independent progressives do put a ticket in the field it will be for revenge administration u) the ' Hoover lmnw" It parently without serious damage to the | party is that possibly about 65 posts | Revolt Seen In Comment on Third Party long ago.” That paper adds al to their history: “It is because these insurgents have called themselves Republicans, ac- | cepted honors and emoluments at the | party’s hands, co-operated with it at election time, though ineffectually op- | posing it between elections, that the Republican party has been made dom- any and privilege has been enthroned. ere has not Lten, since the first campaign of William J. Bryan, a Dem- | ocratic platform with which they were | not more greatly in sympathy than with the Republican platform, except pos- sibly those of the Roosevelt campaigns. The purposes and ideals of the Dem- ocratic party have been more nearly their own than the purposes and ideals of the Republican party. Yet, through =1l the years, they have done their. utmost to weaken, rather than strengthen, the Democratic party, and | 50 to discourage its idealism.” *ox % % As to Senator Norris, who has been | mentioned for the third-party ncmina- tion, the Little Rock Arkansas Demo- crat belleves' that “he and his party couldn’t find the financial backing to win an election.” That paper als> ad- vises that Senator Borah is “too much given to heading back for the reserva- | tion when in doubt,” and makes the | comment on- Senator Johnson: “Could he win? Not in six geolcgic ages, for ‘the simple reason that his national | political sun has set. He retains his |old genius at getting on the first page, but that will not carry a party to vic- ‘wry." Similar judgment is voiced by | the Davenport Democrat, with the | added statement: “It is questionable if Gov. Pinchot would consent to run on this ticket. He will probably be a can- didate at the Chicago convention and abide by its results, unless it should be - characterized by such hard-boiled, steam-roller tactics as marked the con- vention which renominated President Taft and resulted in the bolt led by Theodore Roosevelt.” | Noting that Alfred E. Smith is not | excepted from the list of passibilities for “standard bearer for a new third | party,” the Hartford Times states: “No matter what Mr. Smith’s ambitions may be and no matter how they fare, it is wellnigh impossible to envision him in the role of heading a revolt against | the party which has done so much for him and of which he has been for so many years such a shining ornament in positions of various degrees of im- portance.” - “There is no outstanding idea, prine ciple or issue around which the inde- pendent forces in the United States could rally unitedly. * * * At this time there is neither an outstanding personality nor an outstanding issue to rally the independents,” asserts the Jersey City Journal. The Colorado Springs Gazette-Telegraph maintains that “it would be'a good thing for Re- publicanism if the insurgents were com- pelled to oppose from the outside, to assume their real role as independents.” Treating the matter in a humorous vein, the San Francisco Cbronicle re- marks: “Why talk about a new third party? The country has one already. | Completely - equipped with a platform and almost everything required, it was launched a little while ago by J. S. McHenry of Glasgow, Mont. McHenry's | party is called the ‘National’ pariy. In keeping with that name, its platform is | broad. ' Declaring for sound money, he is for the gold standard: but is not at all hidebound about it. Any other metal | that will do will also be acceptable. On | the tariff the National party is equally | liberal. A hasty reading of the plat- 1:0“ gives the that 1t would