Evening Star Newspaper, November 22, 1931, Page 14

ORF.V.COVLLE GETS HIEH AWARD World Famous U. S. Botanist [, Is Honored by Society of Horticulturists. Dr. Frederick V. Coville, botanist of the United States Department of Agri- culture, and chairman of the Research Sommittee of the National Geographic Soclety, has been notified of the award to him of the George Robert White Gold Medal of Honor, highest horticul- tural award in America, by the Massa- chusetts Horticultural 'Soclety, oldest body of its kind in the United States Dr. Coville has won world scientific fame for a long series of botanical discoveries and experiments Some, such as “taming the wild blueberry” to grow on the pine barrens of New Jersey, have planted hitherto desolate areas with highly productive crops. Former waste lands last year yielded to markets 10,000 bushels of | the blueberry which, only a few years | ago, was found only in a wild state. | Defies Laws of Nature. Other studies he made, such as that of a method of restricting sheep grazing in national forests, have conserved vast tracts of valuable forage, permitted their economic utilization and yielded to the Government as high as $2,000,000 8 year for the grazing permits issued. Many of his experiments, involving years of patient and ingenious research form dramatic and romantic chapters in the history of botany and, as in his | conclusions about the effect of cold in | stimulating plant_growth, scem to defy what previously had been regarded as “laws of nature.” A recent attempt at compiling a bibliography of Dr. Covilie's scientific books, papers, reports and articles in scientific magazines—he has never at- tempted to_catalog them himself—de- veloped & list of 146 items; and the bibliographer stated that this list was “incomplete.” Lake Is Named for Him. He is co-author of “Standardized Plant Names,” which gives authorita- tive names and spellings of 20,000 species and varieties of plants of the United States. A lake in Alaska and a dozen or more plants, including the creosote- bush of the desert (Covillea) and a lupine of the California Sierras (Lupinus Covillel), are named for Dr. Coville. Until Dr, Coville concluded his years of study and thousands of experiments the blueberry grew only wild and small, as once did the cranberr: ‘The more the stubborn blueberry was given the care, protection, nourishment and fer- tile soil on which most crops thrive, the faster it sickened and died. Makes Many Plants Thrive. Dr. Coville found that & minute fun gus, invisible without a compound mi- croscope, attached itself to the roots of a healthy blueberry plant. This fungus apparently furnishes nitrogenous food to the blueberry bush, The blueberry will thrive only in an acid soil, leaf peat and sand, for example, which is the exact opposite to the requirements of most cultivated plants. Later experimentation showed the same principle applied to many impor- tant plants in ornamental horticulture, which hitherto had resisted cultivation, among them the trailing arbutus, the rhododendron, the mountain laurel, the azalea, the pink ladyslipper and the Franklinia tree. Fed Blueberries Milk. ‘There is a human, and sometimes humorous touch in many of Dr, Co- ville’s reports of his experiments. He tried “feeding” blueberry plants with skimmed milk—skimmed milk being a waste product of many farms—also cream and milk sugar. “It is clear,” he wrote, “that while skimmed milk, buttermilk, casein and whey are useful as fertilizers for blue- berry plants, cream and sugar are not. ‘These are still best utilized, in ac- cordance with established practice, on the blueberries themselves fresh from the ice box.” ‘While experimenting with the blue- rry Dr. Coville developed another theory of wide application. He dem- onstrated the effect of cold in stimu- lating the growth of plants. He made an opening in the glass side of a greenhouse in early January, pushed through the opening one or two stems of a blueberry plant that had been kept indoors up to that time, and plugged the space about the opening with moss. When Spring came the outdoor stem burst into leaf; the' greenhouse stem showed neither leaf nor swelling buds. Finds Cold Helps Growth. Patiently he carried on these experi- ments until he found that the wild crab, the cranberry bush, the tamarack, trailing arbutus and the seeds of the bunchberry would not grow until chilled. Dr. Coville is identified with many ‘Washington institutions and civic ac- tivities. He has been a life trustee of the National Geographic Society for the past 35 years, in addition to head- ing its Research Committee. He is acting director of the National Arbo- IE. Shields Co. 1001 N. Y. Ave. NW. NO CASH NEEDED! | No Payment Till Dec. 1! | UP TO 3 YRS.TO PAY! Don’t Hesitate! Install a Modern “SHIELDS” HEATING PLANT As Low As Complete Hot Wal V. Steam or Vapor ste Includes 6 Radlators, Hed Jacketed Boller; flres 306 sq. ft. radiation. ive-year guarantee of satisfaction! THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, NOVEMBER 22, Scientist Wins Rare Honor DR. COVILLE'S WORK IS PRAISED. Upper: The George R-bert White gold medal of honor, bestowed by the Massa- chusetts Horticultural Society to Dr. Frederick V. Coville (below), distin- guished sclentist of the Department of Agriculture. Stk | vironment is the Desert Botanical | Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution, | at Tpeson, Ariz,, established and located in_accord with his suggestions. | Many of the long list of Dr. Coville's | scientific papers deal with highly tech- | nical subjects, such as “The Home of | Botrychum Pumicola” and “The Effect | of Aluminum Sulphate on Rhododen- drons and Other Acld-soil Plants.” | Others are of keen interest to the layman, “Reveals Unusual Facts. | _ Por example, there is one on “Wild Rice in Minnesota,” & subject which __ | touches such diverse groups as wild duck hunters and ethnologists. Water h the | fowl and ducks feed on wild rice during | their migrations southward. Growing retum in Washington, for wk Government already has acquired 190 acres at Mount Hamilton, and is nego- tiating for more. He is former presi- dent of the Biological Society of Wash- ington, the Botanical Society of Amer- ica, the Washington Academy of Sciences, the Cosmos Club and the | Arts_Club, While in college, at Cornell, Dr. Co- ville received the senior medal as best all-around athlete at the State inter- collegiate games. Helped Establish Laboratory. Forty years ago he made the first botanical survey of Death Valley, pub- | lishing his findings which, ever since, | have been the standard work on the plant life of that amazing region. | ALL T v This past Summer he returned for an- | | Suilaing s sl e other study off the vegetation of the || this business, which is not affected by toh. { a_time: In 1899 Dr, Coville was botanist of | the Harriman Alaska Expeditiop. He| identified more than 1,000 plants of the | territory, and clarified the complex problem’ of the willows by_classifying | and describing 25 Alaskan kinds, in a paper which is cited as a model in the treatment of that kind of study. 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Among Noted Recipients. | Knowledge of what kinds of cactus supply & palatable drink is valuable | mental equipment for any _desert | traveler in certain deserts of our West. | Other _recipients of the George | Robert White Medal include Charles S. Sargent, originator of the Arnol Arboretum,” in Boston; Michael Henry Walsh, originator of some of America’s finest ‘roses; Victor Lemoine, France’s greatest breeder of lilacs and other ornamental_shrubs; William Robinson of Sussex, England, author of the most remarkable book ever printed on orna- mental gardens; George Forrest of Edinbrugh, who explored Tibet and Western China_to bring ornamental FESS TO SPEAK BEFORE G. 0. P. CLUB TUESDAY Indianapolis Star Correspondent on Program With Party Chairman. Committee, and Everett C. 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Washington correspondent for the In- | portion of the meeting given over to a dianapolis Star, will speak Tuesday |discussion of the current political sit- night at the November meeting of the U2t0n: National Capital Republican Club. | - Fess will discuss the period of devel-| To reduce the costs many agricul- opment of the party from the days of | turalists in Peru are returning to the Abraham Lincoln to the Haves admin- | Use of mules and oxen in plowing in- ead of t Hogs n.d Goats Run Wild. NASHVILLE, Tenn. (#).—A herd of wild goats and untamed hogs roam more than 35,000 acres of Cheatham County ilax:d set aside as a State game pre- serve. istration. The Senator's talk will be ctors. the second of a series of nine lecturcs covering the history of the Republican | party. Watkins will speak on “The Coming Congress,” his talk constituting that Closing! Closingl—Don’t Miss It! 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