Evening Star Newspaper, June 26, 1931, Page 8

THE, EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, FRIDAY, JUNE 26, 1931 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC 3 RASKIN. THE EVENING STAR| With Sunday Merning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY..........June 26, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES... .ldltor The m-hcg;m--nm Sk B, Rate by Carrier Wll\lll the City. ! 43¢ per month 53 ;80 pex manth m w month ooty Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryiand 54 Vierinks. &lly IM Sun: 4 Behdayony mos All Other States and Canada. B:fl' lnd Sunday.. .\ 7! +31200: 1 mo 100 flndny Ollll m.. w Member of the Associated Press. The Assoclated Press is exclullv‘ily mn:l d to the use for republication of Patehes crediied to it o this pape: publia fed heretn. ecla dispaiches herein e T lnd earth at Krefeld and despite the en. treaties of the reception committee at wmmmoummm a tired body and mind, the fight was highly successful and today the two fiyers are enjoying the fruits of well deserved honors. et Mussolini and the Pope. 'n:ue two great powers op the Italian peninsula, Mussolini and Plus XI, are to hold & peace conference with a view to friendly settlement of the contro- versy which has arisen between the Italian government and the Vatican. To & not from thz church authorities protesting the suppression of Roman Catholic socleties, Italy has returned a reply offering to megotiatc over Article XLIX of the Italo-Vatican concordat. Under that section of their treaty, the papal state claims the rights so dras- tieally curtalled by the Fascist regime. On its face, Italy’s readiness to talk matters over with the Pope indicates & certain sweet reasonableness. In fact, hopes of an adjudication satisfactory to the Vatican seem illusory, for Mussclini reveals not the slightest inclination to -|clubs for laymen, the Italian govern- ment continues to hold, are political. The Spanish Elections. As such, they ccnfliet with the Fascist Next Sunday it is expected that mo |state and must go. fewer than six million voters will troop The government's communication, in- to the polls throughout Spain’s fifty |viting a discussion of the imbroglio, provinees and elect the new republic's | actually repeats the chage that the first constitusnt Costes. The future/dissolved organizations pursued political status of the peninsula will be deter-)ends and thus deserved the suppressive mined by the day’s results. mesffures mvoked against them. As yet A perliamentary majority favorable {another omen that the proposed peace to the policies of the Republican-Demo- crats headed by Provisional President Alcala Zamora and Miguel Maura is confidently anticipated. The chaotic state of politics in Spain has churned up exactly two dozen parties. Among them all, 1,015 candidates for the Cortes are up for election. In'a house of 470 members, Senor Zamora counts upon marshaling a coalition total of more than 400. The combined opposition, if these figures eventuate from Sunday’s balloting, would be powerless to frus- trate Zamorian programs. The Social« ists appear likely to emerge as the coall- tion’s strongest individual group.- As soon as the Constituent Assembly 1s in office, Deputies will proceed to elect a President of the republic. They are almost certain to choose Zamora. The President will intrust a Deputy, prob- ably Senor Lerroux, with the task of se- lecting a cabinet. Then Spain will be formally launched upon the high seas of parliamentary government. With such a combination of cross-currents as already perturb the political waters at Madrid, it is safe to prognosticate tem- pestuous going for the bark Zamora will have to steer. Several grave problems clamor for soiution in the new Spain. Relations with the Roman Catholic Church, still nominally a state establishment, pre- sent probably the toughest nut to be cracked. Catalonia, with her lurking Separatist tendencies, will always re- quire Madrid to keep an eye peeled on Barcelona, though Col. Macia, the Cata- lonian leader, is now said to be in Za- mora’s tow. The nobility, as a land- owning class, constitutes yet another tribulation for the republican regime. ‘What place the army, so dominant and domineering under the lately dethroned Bourbons, is to have conjures up one more anxiety. And, finally, there is the crushed, but militant, monarchical element to be reckoned with. “The king busi- ness,” all accounts agree, is pretty well finished in Spain—for the time being, at any rate. Exiled Alfonso will listen in vain for a call back from exile, as election returns reach him in Fontaine- bleau. Nor will Don Jaime, the pre- tender to the toppled throne, be able to extract from the message of the bal- lot-box any indication that Spaniards hanker any more to hall him as king than they crave the return of the un- happy monarch they discarded on April 14. The republic at Madrid seems to be ‘well founded, even though it is bound 1o experience shocks and perils in the | formative days now just ahead. ———————— A news item from British Columbia tells of another “sucker” who thinks he has grown wheat from grains from the tomb of Tut. The truth is that the ‘wheat comes out of the tomb, all right, but goes in shortly beforehand con-‘ cealed in the burnoose of some astute Arab dragoman. Probably even the scarab “racket” is not much more pro- ductive than this one. 1 Another Atlantic Crossing. For the second time in two days an American plane has spanned the Atlan- tic, and when Otto Hillig and his pilot, Holger Hoirlis, touched the earth at Krefeld Airport, near Dusseldorf, Ger- ' many, after a thirty-two-hour flight from Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, it marked the thirteenth successful con- quest of that great expanse of water by airplane in the history of mankind. ‘To Wiley Post and Harold Gatty the ' crossing of the ocean was merely an' incident in their contemplated speedy Journey around the world. To Hillig and Hoirlis, who hoped to reach Copen- hagen in a non-stop flight, the landing at Krefeld meant disappointment on a projected pleasure trip. Hillig was re- turning to his native Denmark in the most modern way as the “boy who made | good” in America, with Hoiriis as his | pilot, and it was his own machine, built | especially for him, in which they made the transoceanic flight. Unfortunately, | however, for the Danes' triumph at Copenhagen, where more than one hundred thousand of their fellow coun- trymen waited to welcome them home, they became lost over Europe and after coming down at Krefeld with empty tanks were too fatigued to fly the re- mezining two hundred and forty miles to the Danish capital. The journey was re- | sumed early this morning for m. be- lated ceremonies. ‘The fact that Hillig and Hoil‘ul' fell short of their goal takes none ot‘ the luster away from their thirty-two- hour flight from Harbor Grace, in the eyes of Americans, at least. Any one who thinks it is child’s play to sit at! lwnlmnu may end in acrimony rather than in amity, Mussolinl revamps Italy's indignation over the Vatican's alleged attempt to interfere in what is termed a purely bilateral Italo-Vatican controversy. The Pope's desire to re- open Catholic Action clubs, pending a final decision, is flatly refused. Under all these circumstances Vat- ican City’s sadness over the situation is comprehensible. Soon after the Rome government’s note was delivered on Wednesday, Pope Pius addressed a group of Neapolitan pligrims. “Things are not in order,” lamented the Holy Father, “things are not normal, and we must say that they do not appear to be about to return to normal. We have very little faith left in men.” Leaving entirely on one side the mer- its of the church’s case, the controversy beres one aspect to the world, the s'g- nificance of which is not to be mis- taken. That is Fascism’s abiding de- termination to brook no interference, direct or indirect, with its stranglehold on Italian life and politics. Mussolini in another year will celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Black Shirt march on Rome and his accession to autocratic power on the hills of the cther Caesars. Il Duce means all concerned to know that there is no room for any compro- mise that could weaken or even jeopard- ize his autbority. ‘There is but one Rome cn the Tiber, the “peace conference” proposal to the Pope sets forth in effect, if not in ter- minology, and it is the Rome of Pascism. A Bogus Twenty. Evidently the “shovers of the queer” have no particular fear about detection in the city where the real money Is made, for they are at work, it would seem from reports, actively and success- fully in Washington at this time, with & bogus twenty-dollar bill. There is at least one man operating here. An ex- cellent description has been obtained of him and he is likely to be trapped if he persists in pushing this line of goods much longer. He is sald to be about five feet six inches tall, weighs approxi- mately 160 pounds, and has & ruddy complexion. His costume on the occa- sion of his tricking of the manager of & candy shop consisted of a light shirt, dark tle, brown flannel coat and striped flannel trousers. Perhaps he has a sufficiently extensive wardrobe to con- fuse the trail, but if he is wise he will leave town at once, for persistent op- eration is almost certain to lead to | capture. Counterfelt “shovers” usually operate through the medium of small purchases. ‘They buy an article or package and tender & fairly large bill in payment. The other day one of these operators, perhaps the same one, tried to pass a bogus twenty in & drug store on the | basis of the purchase of tooth paste jcosting twenty-five cents. The at- tzmhnt suspected the bill, however, and the man grabbed it from his hand and ran from the store. It will be well for a time for every- body to be suspiclous of twenty-dollar bills. There is no mistaking the genuine and with very rare exceptions the counterfeits are fairly easy to detect. The counterfeit that is now being passed here is said to be of a comparatively poor quality. It is better to miss a sale now and then than to lose twenty dol- lars. The “taker” of a bogus bill has no redress. —————re—. A man in the Northwest has tamed a thirty-nine-inch muskellunge and trained it to eat out of bis hand. That may be all right for him, but any one | who has examined its teeth and seen its technique when really hungry cannot help thinking of that last syllable of the creature’s name. The American Fasces. Anybody with a taste for the classics | will be interested in the complaint | Which has been made recently to the Director of the Mint against the design on the silver dime of the present American coinage. Numerous letters have been reaching this officer of the Government, evidently emanating from a single source of suspicion, protesting | sgatnst the use, on the obverse, of the head of Mercury, the Roman god of | commerce, and of the fasces, or symbol of Roman power, on the reverse, on the ' ground that this is a token of the| spread of fascism in the United States. It is explained by the Treasury Depart- ment in reply to these letters that the design of the dime ‘was adopted fifteen | years ago, before fascism devcloped in} | Ttaly. can Congress for nearly three-quarters of a century, and the mace itself has been & token from practically the begin- ning of the Government. ‘The Roman fasces were bundles of elm or birch rods from which the head of an axe projected, fastened together official authority and carried by the lictors, attending upon the magistrates. Originally they represented the power over lfe and limb possessed by the kings. Eventually they came to repre- sent the principle that the power was in the people. On rare occasions in the House of Representatives the mace, or American fasces, is brought forth in toker, of the power resting in the body representa- tive of the people. If a member is un- ruly and defies the authority of the i House the mace is “presented” to him. The sergeant-at-arms takes it from its | standard alongside of the Bbelk-"l‘p jdesk and carries it down and holds It| before the recalcitrant member, who must thereupon yield or be subject to arrest. It is the last warning given. Those who are concerned about the 'Fne.ke Of Wit i Geners design of the dime may rest easy. If| that which they fear now as & sign of fascism is significant at all, it is of the principle upon which the American re- public was founded, and on which it exists today. —————————— A Bristol, England, man, who had Jjust married two women in addition to his legal wife, when arraigned, pleaded he had been out of work so long it was impossible for him to “keep out of mis- chief.” an asylum, not a jail, is where he be- longs. B Modern science is bleeding patients, as did the physicians of a century ago. The difference is that today the blood, completely purified, is reinjected, while in former times the leeches got it all. Literally, “putting new blood in your veins.” . — . ‘The trouble with a heat wave is that by & red strap. They were emblems of | the years. If that is his idea of mischief t-u signature booklover may trace his entire lnmetflrw:hhuv-mm if he has been careful enough to It is not necessary perhl to retain every single volume ich one in- scribed one}s signatu of them muse be kept, how- ever, to furnish a complete diagram of How lhll the child know enough to be sure '.hlt his books hold his name in his own handwriting? It is impossible, it is. true, that any boy can know at the age of 8 years that in future he will ‘value the books , and especially if they hold his signature. Nor is it necessary to know. ‘There is a tradition among booky folk which that they write their names in ir own books. Few human beings there are of any age who do not yleld to this pleasant ptation. * k% ¥ ‘The first grade in schools sets the ce. it sees that if he His Book,' of the thnnumu of impromptu devices | which have done duty with millions of school boys and girls. ‘There are rhymes threatening sundry alties upon the thief who dares to . There are all sorts of.exhortations. But a plain signature is about as good as anything one can do in preventing theft, and larceny prevention is not the sole, or even the most ble, motive of the book lll'n:lu'l'e.‘llwr all. * No, the identification of the reader m.thhhmcwyoxnmhmeuu Ing. He wants to do melhlnl to bring this book closer to him, to make it & veritabl of him. Ern motive holds good, an age when no one re- “botro'!d" book, but far above ltmnam-hmwhho(mrudu to be a of his books. ‘The signature on one ot the flyleaves, as they are called, is the easiest way uu bulk of readers have of this at-one-ment with a writer. & solid mental and spiritual satisfaction experienced immediately after one has inscribed one's full name in a new book. * % x % Most of us develop our best signature for this important duty. In fact, it may be llld that most of us learn to write our name properly after it gets broken it gets mended so soon sgain. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. ‘The Dear Public. ‘Whenever anything goes wrong, The gentle public walts And listens for the usual song, “We'll have to raise the rates!” Though individuals declare Their funds are in a slump, ‘The public must have some to spare ‘To stend another bump. United, still folks have a use. The public still may beg ‘Your favor as the dear old goose ‘That lays the golden egg. ‘The Discretions of Momus. “Do you think that the world is suf- fering from a dearth of humor?” “No,” replied Senator Sorghum. “The sense of humor is abundant, but it has to be suppresced. You have to be care- ful not to laugh when you feel like it for fear of offending somebody with political influence.” Jud Tunkins says if he wanted to edu- cate & boy to be a jazz musiclan he'd let the music schools alone and send him to & gymnastum. ‘Wisdom Respected. Unto the traffic cop my homage goes, A man of great and useful avocation; He 1s the only man on earth who knows The sense of every traffic regulation. Education by Example. “Do you think the modern theater is educational in its influence?” “It is” replied Mr. Stormington Barnes, “for anybody who happens to A Reasonable Restraint, “You never talk scandal.” “No,” replled Miss Cayenne. “The fact that people do something terrible is no reason why I should say some- thing shocking.” Something !IMII- Much scientific talk draws near With a delightful sense of cheer, Like operas whose lays intone In languages to me unknown. ‘The lecturer with joy is heard, Though I scarce understand & word. “Dar ain’ no such thing as s life of idleness,” sald Uncle Eben. “De lazier & man is, de more he has to keep on de jump lookin’ for excuses.” — e All Not Gold That Glitters. From the Little Rock Arkansas Demotrat. A food expert says eating makes some people too thin. That sounds like the argument that the way to increase busi- ness is to lay off employes. Something Has to Boom. From the Columbus Ohlo State :vurnll' Judging the number of wedd mn‘c‘w?x'nce‘mgu the silver undlemn{ holder business must be experiencing a —e—————— Room Needed for Cast-Off Kinge. From the Toronto Daily Star. where exiled kings could reside in sott of ex-royal state. Where Base Ball Loses Grip. Tiom e Laadtne Siala, Jouruat -nhmn‘ mm. ug' : unt that the home team a pennant chance. ——— e Let Fashion Have Sway. the controls of a plane for that lfnnh As a matter of fact, all who have I';-ibe in of time with the twin dutles of pilot- | tended the sessions of the House of he-ddn- ing and navigating, or to ride as n‘Revruenhfivu i observant, will have passenger for that period, does not|noted the sign of “fascism” immediately know very much about the strain o( at the right of the Speaker of the fiying. As with Post and CGatty when ! House whenever that body is in session. they repched Berlin, overpowering fa- This is the mace, the official wkan of tigue ?.n evident in the bearinf of the authority of this aszemblage of Emamdnomhwhenumndwmmmm mell where mere man has 50 ———t Why Americans Are Rugged. From the Detrolt Pree Press. It needless noises are tal to health, American must be &n.m m.m i thrvulh the care with which we ce them in our books. s Scribbling, the result of haste, has made many & man’s signature look for all the world like a cross between a ms scratch and the ravings of an It is perhaps safe to say that most men and women who devel these weird signatures have never fallen-into the most pleasant habit of writing their own names in their own boon John Hancock, one may feel sure, ‘wrote his name in his books. When one WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Beyond the shadow of any reasonable doubt, Secretary Stimson’s departure for Europe tomorrow means that all's well on the Hoover war debt holiday is concerned. Earlier in thz week, and tmmedhuly following the disclosure of the Presi- dent's plan, Col. intimated that hls voyage might hlvt to be in- definitel not wholly l-bandoned. But the dlp\om-ue ma- chinery, malnly because of the pressure applied from the White House, was set to whirring at such an effeciive pace that it no longer was necessary for the Secretary of State to hold up traveling arrangements. The history of this -fire intermational trans- Paien, e, original _propositon 0 pat on proposition so immovably that the scheme'’s success was assured, sooner or . Neither President Hoover nor Secretary Stimson laid, or lays, any particular stress on form or details of the affair. What cencerns them is that there shall be “no cparture” from the “broad and simple outlines” of the Hoover pro- posal. Before the moratorium takes flnal shape mere‘ll be l'mngllnd taking f various kinds, bu ndamental, genernl character o! the project will remain unchanged. * K K X It's » fairly n _secret that the Democrats, almost universally supporting Mr. Hoover’s debt- sion voucy are far ‘m:l :er ‘Zy t)- pi which, they ad- poll accrue to the President. If and Amer this cmm —are rescued from the slough Democratic politicians con- “33; Hoover's stock will experience Owo- boost, it's ever had. sition lsdfll 'I.ll throw no logs in the President’s path on that account, either B o e gy ama-cole: fore p] - fully acknowledge that if depression diminishes as a consequence of Hoover’s initiative t-he Damocrlflc party will have to think nhlnx entirely new and dmerent with_which to com- t him in 1932. Perhaps it will be declded that the deadliest line of attack be to indict the President mrtg:t policies, ‘md that if the coun grateful for their adop- k{lhwld the credit where the mdn belonp, viz,, upon the Demo- cratic party. * % kK Mrs. Barnett E. Marks of Phoenix, Republican national committeewoman for Arizona, has been in Washington for the past week on one of the most momentous polit! trusted to a woman. She came here to Hoov administration oreign imports that tective tariff duty of 6 cents a pound. the “Baby Sh'flh," Mrs. l(l'l:hl: afirms, like Germany, is also on ver'e of alunfl.y, because depression the American o mlnm nnd elting ustry is & Bta'u. She declares that thq England should set apart a bomuh m | {U. S. Pamphlet on Lands Draws Second Protest To_the Editor of The Star: tative H. H.Hlmolwh- who says. that lieve the department circular, which -school muflhflflm ‘nlcumlryp- one de- |simism™ and “literary v 'mwut:mn ® presentation of “the ofiur llde Which' he says lhnuld llu the facts about the character and manner of peopie who have suc- in homes from g amon; the cut-over lands of -y of the Great Lakes He asks: “Wh; not recount the cesses along wit) suc- the failures?” He ests hapj e ‘This is a very ‘ood Teason wi I‘tvcy dun:‘ seem m txmu' WEG e al opinions to “Education,” showing that it was chased in Atlantic City in 1'2 Im- mediately a flood of sensation sweeps him to the very end of the Steel Pler and he is sitting again in the sun with a strong, the pages. All the time, looks through e’ ol poka iy mturu are growing older, and bemr. Humnn beings may or may not grow as the booklover idly I p-mh “bolster up” their ".mallel. The person who is the writer of this item happens to be a native son of the t-over districts '::h have suffered tative in his condemnation of the official publica- tion. The Department of Agriculture, which has done more than any agen cy in the world to advance agricultural in- terests, hl.l lpparent.ly erred in giving approval to ent that is as full of holes as a lhve, and the book should ‘suspended,” as Representa J. E. JONES. better as they grow older, but signa- tures, as writings, undoubtedly do. They becorne set, fixed with certain Anality Nt e b ey dokt b 1A cl ow nor eare about is what lies behind umll’“'fl suggests. fixis e lies there—life with all fts ups and downs, its victories and defeats. i v | Radio Announcement Brevity Is Seen Need have taken -dnnunr?i.thew PO“"BD that strikes us as not so P ” The inslde of the front covet ls the | 1 0yonered by radis to tory thelr wares place for the book plate, not for a signature. Let the signature in a book be modest yet firm, indicative of the man and as much a part of the book as one can make it, for it may be living in the | FPh world hundreds of years after the man | & who wrote it there is gone. Yet more we should appreciate '.h- emer- tainment if the announcer tn mmc- I Radio fiself is not at fault. ‘The advertisers are the guilty party, cling- ing as they do to the old-fashioned idea that “the longer we yell the more goods we sell,” and the poor announcer is forced to pour out valuable breath on a deaf microphone. No company is content to have it said, “We make —— cigarettes, — antisep- tic, etc.,” and let it go at that. Rather, the advertisers actually believe that people are interested in hearing all their hullabaloo. They are wrong. Such superfluous advertising is unfair, the manufacturers gain no new sales (1), the listeners suffer inconvenience and the poor honey-tongued announcer wastes his valuable breath! Long live the radio advertisers! And may they all be blessed with short wind! WINSTON PUGH. Why Ceilings Are Soiled |fimes {| Between the Lines of Lath To the Editor of The Star: Several times ldhA'e read answers to him to meet Mrs. Hyde on her im- pending return from the Philippines. * Kk ok Anybody who doesn’t think that the Southern gentleman knows how to meet a Negro should have seen Senator Pat Harrison, Democrat, of Mississippi hobnobbing with Eddie Savoy, historic colored messenger in the State Depart- ment. Senator Pat was there one day this week to confer with Secretary Stimson on the debt holiday. Eddie has a desk just outside Col. Stimson's office, access to which is hardly pos- sible without certain diplomatic for- malities with the 85-year-old servitor. who been there for 62 years and waited on 21 different Secretaries of State. Savoy was in the State Depart- ment years before Pat Harrison was born. * K k¥ Representative John Q. Connecticut, who may be the next House if the G. O. say, is now motoring across nent with his wife and three ehuflrm on a Summer vacation that will until September 1. The entire Tilson family was entertained at the White House by the President and Mrs. Hoo- | ais ver for two days and nights on me eve of starting for the ope: House majority leader is kee is not known to be fighting shy of eny 1932 Republican vice presidential honors that may be going. d * ok x X “Charlie” Willlams, veteran messen- ger at the White House, has a_unique claim to distinction. He was the dis- coverer of the fires that twice in con- temporary history threatened to de- stroy the Executive Mnmlan ‘The first occasion wes during the Taft adminis- tration and the other was the blaze that broke out in the Executive offices on Christmas eve, 1929. Williams is about to celebrate his twenty-fifth an- niversary at No. 1600 Pennsylvania ave- nue. He began as a stoker in the furnace room under President Roosevelt. Joe of the surface, thus tormlnl & very re- lve—wet—surface soil- n alr to deposit its Mn'den. E. R. SANCOMB. Protection Suggested For Ivy and Boxwood ical missions ever in-|he pon filling guests' every ‘want, but the night clerk had to confess that emergency teeth weren't on the list. (Copyright, 1931.) Jailing Gang Chiefs o May Clear Dry Issue |1 mmum Q. What was the o originel name Bt;l Hubert Wilkins' ship, the Nlunlun A. '1"he Nautilus was origirfall Navy submarine O-A e Q. How was the Lic Ohernwr, in O The ""&?“&’E‘x" ine A. entire or construc= tion of Lick Observatory 'u given by James Lick, an American philanthropist, who was born at Predeflck.u!mr:. Pa., in 1796. Formerly a piano manufac- turer in Philadelphia, Buenos Aires, Xflrnln and elsewhere, he settled in lornia in 1847, invested in real es- tate and made a fortune. In 1874 ho the Dhbed tsmooam the hands of seven | expenditure $5.793,633 'Dodl and $17,908,753 for golf goods. Q. Whlththa!-rmnmmlnthe of woilm—d w. % ' This distinction ac- corded the newspaper nmww by this country in 1865. Q. When did Gov. Pinchot begin his work in forestry?—R. L. W. A. He began his first systemal it work n the United States at Bilt- ore, N. C,, in January, 1892. the and who 1 Q Lwhm is Luther Burbank burled? | A. On the grounds of his home, at Santa Rosa, Calif. He was buried under a Cedar of Lebanon tree. Q. Please expiain the “Argameddon” ! Q. In electrmcy 'hl is the mean- ing of the lette: 3 A. The lewzu viation for _'!.ha electrlcll term “kilo- h | acters rmm "unlhc Goose.” scope superior md larger than lny com= structed, for which smooo was given. Q. For whom was Mount Rainfer National Park named?—E. C A. Mount Rainier was Admiral Rainier of the Brllhh vay by Vancouver, the navigator. Q. Is Willa Cather's novel, “O Ploneers,” biographical?—B. L. T. A. It was written as the ruult of Miss Cather’s memories of childhood on a ranch in Nebraska. Q. How many concrete ships did the ‘Govlrnmzm build during the war?—J. M. T. A. Twelve concrete ships were built during the war by the United States smppm. Q. By 'hlt authority has President Hoover proposed a moratorium on the l'lr debt:“—l! T. His authority is found in Article I, Bumnn 2, of tlu Constitution of the United States, which is known as the treaty-making clause. While the Presi- dent has authority to propose treaties or make other international en(l[emen'-l. such as the moratorium, they do become finally effective until !lllflcd b the Senate. Such n does not 1n- variably follow, the most notable case on record being the treaty of Versailles, ending the World War, in the negotia- tion of w! President Wilson took & large part. The treaty he signed under his treaty-making power was rejected by the sfn:“fo chief objection of that covenant of the League of Nations.* Q. Who the Gingerbrea Castle at Hl:l‘:llfr:‘d J.2—E. W. W W. M. i A. Joseph Urban designed this house. Both the house I-I!d SUrTO! gardens are filled with , gnomes and char- is built of ete. and mfiezue X e [y variety of colors. Q. How many Indian reservat there n the nited Stateds K. & A. There are lpp'nmtely 160 In- dian reservations in the United States. Wages and Consolidations Linked With Railroad Rates Public discussion of the petition from , the railroads of the country before the | Interstate Commerce Commission for | leave to advance freight rates 15 per In some agricultural sections it is denied that the desired results can be achieved by the rate increase. Some others hold that consolidation is the Cures other than s rate increase are suggested. The Baltimore Sun feels thn rh- gruat eonumm of &hn md.; is due com| p m thlt “the lhfl'nlfin tl the n—y%nfimmu the di lh? counf el uplication o service that attends a competitive sys- tem.” The Newark Evening News “While we are talking about . | five-year plans and 20-year plans and Substantial support for the railroad | executives is given “If the commission should refuse the request, roads may get into such a serious emdmon that the ‘whole country M lflnml m i h;‘é‘;""{fiflf | . ad “aside from that consideration the re- be granted as a matter of and right.” The New York Sun mt as & reason for a lmpnhfic ttitude that “the roads are not in puman of corporations, which in flush can pile up surpluses that will help them through a depréssion,” be- cause, “no matter how much a road’s may improve, no matter how zflldent its management, the law fixes '4_per cent as its maximum return.” nge is an emergency,” according to the Chicago Daily Tribune, “which must | be met, If at all, with emergency meas- | Tri ures. As such the petition of the rail- roads deserves prompt consideration by the Commerce Com ion. We do not think the railroad presidents themselves ted the right to charge esent for the necessity of leadership, govern- mental or otherwise, to get us ollt of the slump, how about the railroads, which plead for a 15 per cent freight rate in- Crease as a necessity? We have had 44 years of railroad regulation. The pres- ent plight of the roads brings it all un- der cha!len:e Even the Interstate Com- Commission itself has suggested upal of that feature of the 1920 trans- portation act which requires recapture otnne.rnlnuonrln«eentrmmthe been enfarced, due to litigation which has not yet decided its legality. But it has been a constant threat, and it is not ing regula Voicing the commen beller that “some increases be allot " the d ibune gives attention to the slow movement. of rail consolidation and to the fact that “there is said to be a wasteful multiplication of T service between certain centers.” The Omaha World-Herald asks, “Aren't the railroad executives a bit foolish to be asking the people for relief from unre- stricted competition and at the same H.me demanding & 15 per cent increase in freight nhs"" ‘That paper speaks for “more tonnage at present rates, not less tonnage at a rate 15 per cent higher.” The Sioux Falls -Leader sees increased burden for the farmers, n and favors some other solution than higher rates. The Kansas City Times concludes: *Considering the committed attitude of the Interstate Commerce Commission on grain rates and its pre- vious sympathy with farm conditions, it would seem unlikely that any uncondi- sional flat increase will be allowed. Such an advance should not be granted. It ‘would lnwln burdens on much of the traffic that the traffic cannot bear, for it already is overburdened ] wed | Grain Futures Approved Positive and early action hmfmuwlflmmmhm Commerce and then possibly c—te-ud ml‘ meet a reve- one way or another. in the general interest h them to the extreme of indi- de!emlve measures, involving ipairment, more idle men and lew carrier bankruptcies, or & little more for perform- falruu of the transportation i the country must have? Save in a historical sense, the present procedure has nothing to do with ‘fair return.’ It deals with practical conse- quences.” “Were the railroads to institute gen- eral wage reductions, it would undoubt- be the for cuts all along the line,” says Charleston (8. C.) that “it and ” ‘That pa- ill-feeling -feel believes that “‘general reduction in per “ reduced wage Prom the Des Moines Reglster. by a royal after eful :.yufisyk l"qii-h . 8 car of all germane of Canadian wheat production marketing. Sir Josiah is as eminent an economist as the English. world has. He was chosen for this job for the reason that whatever his report it would com- mand confidence. The study was mlde at the initiative of Canada. It directed at the very question vhu:h its report, now in the hands of the Ca- nadian House of Commons, deals with. The finding will unquestionably be as much a reinforcement to the pro- futures traders on side of the line as to the profutures traders on the other, Indeed, the hearings of the commission were held, some of them, in the United States. If the sessions at Minnea 3 Chiflnl Tx:; New York ‘informal,” were ses- sions none the less. The reaction to the report will not be, all gloa on the part of futures traders and all discomfiture on the part of their farm critics, however. If the teport declares that futures trading an _‘ever-ready, convenient :;‘u St and t.hnt it bex;e— growe! insurance for grain handling, the closer government mmn pos- sibly even government control. In other words, the verdict is about yhat the verdist of nine in ten fairly who have m,"‘“ ot knonlede ledes of the e %fl be—that a hwfl(rmsflbymt“md- fl'.bu&fllll dangerous, unfair and tendencies 'l” in connectioh with Im’flnt these constant need checking. In the British nations the suggestion of stricter government nmlm.lon of an agency like the Bk REThE