Evening Star Newspaper, June 16, 1931, Page 8

‘THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. /WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY. .. . .June 16, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Edito per month ei copy month. ¥ telephoné le In Advance. 1,00 i8¢ 30¢ The fa'the SIniiTeg, b A s ot pntotensh —— = The Harding Memorial. Teday at Marion, Ohio, whence he eAme from humble beginnings into the highest honors within the Nation's gift, a marble temple is being dedicated to the memory of Warren Gamaliel Harding, twenty-ninth’ President of the United States. Two successors in that august office, Calvin Coolidge, who im- mediately followed Mr. Harding, and President Hoover, arc at Marion to lead in the dedicatory ceremonies and ‘smilogize the great-hearted Ohiloan ‘whose White House career was doomed 10 pass into history amid many clouds. National annals will hardly acclaim ‘Warren Harding as one of our out- standing Chief Executives, even as they Teview the more savory portion of his brief span in office. But they will do him less than justice if they fail to dwell upon the knightliness of his character, his warm human sympathies, © '‘and his invincible devotion to his friends. played him false and led to nat'onal scandals, personal inclipations. Any objective analysis of Harding's term will in all falress have to stress that cireum- stance, and the sitadow which will per- haps always rest over it will throw the persopality of the man himself into ‘correspondingly kindlier relief. The good which men do, sald Mark Antony at Caesar’s tomb, “is oft in- terred with their bones.” The cata- Jogue of good standing to the credit of President Harding deserves disinter- ment. He appointed notable public servants—Taft, Hughes, Mellon; Dawes. He gave Herbert Hoover at the Depart- ment of Commerce the opportunity to develop that organizing genius which eventually was to find ‘recognition through his election to the presidency. President Harding made ambassadorial appointments of eminent merit—Her- rick to France, Houghton to Germany, ‘Woods to Japan—all of whom rendered gervice which drew visibly tighter the bends between those countries and the United States. fAnd today is an appropriate hour for the American people to remember that it was Warren. G. Harding, who in his speech 'ef scceptance at Marion in 1020, gave the lead to the cause of ‘world disarmament. “I can hear in the call of conscience,” said Mr. Harding, “an insistent_ voice for largely reduced armaments throughout the world, with attending yeduction of burdens upon peédce-loving humanity. We wish to give of American influence and ex- /mple; we must give of American r leadership fo that invaluable accom- | plishment.” The Washington confer- egice of 1921-22 was the direct outcome o President Harding’s initiative in the eause that lay nearest his heart—that cause to which President Hoover at this hour is once again giving “of American Anfiyence and leadership.” So it is well that with the soothing passage of time the Nation is in mood to take inventory of Warren G. Hard- ing's presidential career as a whole, In it, when all is said and done, there was vastly more wheat than chaff, and the American people will see in today’s events ‘at Marion a fitting, if belated, Fecognition of that historical fact, ——————————— “Rainbow Creek” i a suspicious- sounding name for the sitg of the latest gold rush. We all recall those pots of | gold wii which our childish imagina- | tions were fed. They do not pay, how- | ever, even 50 well as the silver linings ' of clouds. 1 » o ! Revaluation of the Car Lines. | When the Public Utilities Commis- #lon ‘last Summer dismissed the petl- %tion of the street car lines for a higher [rate of fare, the action was based, gen-'j ferally speaking, on the fact that the, tompenies had failed to produce cer-' ‘ain evidence relating to valuation and | Zhat they should produce this evidence of the question of what constituted E:u the commission could finally dis- | equate return from the fares then in “nt. At the time there was a motion fore the commission by William McK. layton, asking that the hearings be nded pending revaluation of the nies. The commission had failed grant this motion, on the ground ‘It was unnecessary, in that the com- panies had failed to meet their burden of proof relating to valuation. But the companies immediately took the case info cpurt and won tyeir fight for higher It was his friendships thnl.l rather than any unworthy | the right to coilect the ten-cent fare now in effect, 15 not to be regarded as & mere formality. The commission is de- termined to dispose of the question of an acceptable rate base, for more than a decade the principal point of con- troversy in conpection with thé fare question. Nothing can be definitely de- termined or known concerning the real condition of the companies and what warrant exists for higher s ‘ntil the rate base is brought up to date. The Hoover Plan. President Hoover, addressing the In- diana Republican editors and scveral thousands of thelr guests last night, proposed an “American plan,” a twen- ty-year plan, looking to development in this country to care for' an added 20,- 000,000 of population within the next score of years. He preached courage don the “lung,” an apparatus fits over the head, and allow themselves to be ejected from a submarine in order that at some future time when & sub- Respect for the Flag. One may grant “ne necessity and the | righteousncss of all the laws bearing and common sense. He refused to be|on the sanctity of the flag and at the stampeded by ths ioea of the Russian (same time question the heavy sentence five-year plan, with the Soviet govern- ment of that country oractically mak- ing serfs of the great body of the peo- ple in the effort. The plan Mr. Hoover outlined is strictly American and is in accordance with American idea's, look- ing to the people themselves, not the Federal Government, as the instru- mentality to put the plan acroes suc- cessfully. ) “We plan,” said Mr. Hoover, “to take care of 20,000,000 increase in popula- | tion in the mext twenty years. We plan |to build for them 4,000,000 new and better homes, thousands of new and still more beautiful city buildings, | thousands of factories; to, increase the 1cnnncny of our ra‘lways; to add thou- sands of miles of highways and water- | ways; ‘to install 25,000,000 electrical { horsepower; to grow 20 per cent more | farm products. * * * We plan more leisure for men and women and better opportunities for its employment. ¢ * * We plan to secure a greater diffusion of wealth, a decrease in pov- lerty and a great reduction in crime.” ‘The plan as it was unfolded by the | Chiet Executive was cheered by the diners, as it will be cheered by millions of Americans throughout the country who heard it over the radio or who read it in the newspapers: He pointed the way to greater effort on the part of the American people and pictured | the great record they have made in the past. But the Americans of today must have courage, he warned, as did the Americans of a century ago when they started on their great adventure, the de- velopment of a huge new country. “We are suffering,” the President sald, “more { from frozen confidence than from frozen credits,” calling’ attention to thé lag in industry and business effort. He made no attempt to minimize the depression which has had this country in its grip for nearly two years. But he urged American business men to take their courage—and _their money—in their hands and to venture forth again. The whole country must realize now that | there is & tremendous amount of wealth | stored away, timid wealth, wiich if occupled would give employment to the millions who are now out of work. The President urged his fellow coun- trymen to remain steadfast against forelgn nostrums and panaceas which have been advanced in some quarters in this country as a cure for the llls | which now beset America. The condis | tions which confront the Nation today, he sald, are due in large measure to | the depressed state in which the world finds itself. America, he said, should lead' the way out of the valley. During his address the President en- tered a defense of the tariff law, which has been assailed by his Damocratic opponents over a period of many months. He asked why it was con- sidered necessary to&rnk down the walls which givs profection to Ameri- cam labor and the American farmer at the instance, not only of the Demo- ocrats, but of the forelgn nations where cheap labor and the farmer are eager to | compete in the great American mar- ket. It is a guestion which the Demo- crats will find it difficult to answer in the campaign ncxt year, if they persist |in their demand for a revision of the {tariff downward. No more convincing | statement of rhe Republican tariff pol- lcy has been advanced than that put forward by the President last night. Proposals that the Federal Govern- ment, instead of American industry, should undertake through a huge bufld- |ing program, through entrance itself into business, to bring about a return of employment and prosperity in this country, were attacked by the Presi- dent as unsound. And he was right. But to any student of the situation it must become apparent that if the in- dustry of this country does not gather its courage and employ its brains in advancing and carrying on a program such as that outlined by the President, there will be an ever-increasing demand | | | that_the Government itself enter upon a program. President Hoover urged that the Government confine itself to the protection of the citizens in their own right of development, in opposition to the proposal that it go much further and provide employment and the very means. of livellhood for the citizen. Once the Government undertakes such & plan, it becomes not the servant of | the individual citizens, but their master. The Hoover plan is an American plan. It will strike an answering chord in the breast of America. — et | No member of the Merchants and ‘; Manufacturers’ Association may be named’ Jason, nor did they sail in a | vessel called the Argo, but it is hoped !they bring home with them a golden | fleece. ——— . Meritorious Service. ! Congratulations are in order for Ray- fares. g ! mond C. Wilson, chief torpedoman of i”!"”w""l‘:: Jg:‘ l“;':‘"ed‘:!l l:l“ P\“’;s the United States Naval Reserve, and dtleh vy panission appeal | they wiil be officially bestowed next from the higher-fare order of the lower | Monday on behalf of Presdent Hoover jCourt Is in the main devoted to an Al uy Rear Admiral Henry B. Butler when L:" :xnb:nhl:u'd‘ “"" :;:"g::‘:'"‘:o‘; | he pins a gold u:; on the ‘::lioua uni- o ’ ritorious ‘serv 5 | N thex besgd:thelr plea of 'W'!;";n‘swofm&eufmm pi o {quAcy of return. The comimission, while | sapes from damaged submarines. The {seeking to show that the lower court | citation mentions the many hazardous 4n not remanding the case for & | ot egcapes undertaken by Wilson and x also seeks to obtain & Ju- | goey on to relate the following: | dicial Teview anid appraissl of the sort ~ puring one of these escapes he was ‘of valuation evidemce upon which the, stricken with caisson disease, an acute | companies for many years have wwlmflmbmmz:hma.h.% | their fight for higher return. : cured, In the meantime, the commission’s| Al extraor ‘o%n revaluation of the companies, or- | coolness and courage, necessitating as- dered last August, is proceeding. It may | sumption of risk beyond the call in line H 2rly ac- B coolethd WIS e cuiranl Fear, | Doniay.r ThE BEAisiwere eag . ccpted by Wilson and his werk con- | thougli the prospects are ithat it will . {ifbuted greatly to the fAnal perfection | require more time. l of the apparatus. commission’s appeal, which will Probably no work undertaken by the eome up for argument fully & Navy in eg:nmcuan with submarines l’n_ls given been moré important than the develop- imposed on the igmorant truek driver who used a torn fragment of the flag a3 & danger signal on the rear of his load of lumber. It is rather difficult to understand or to estimate the bene- ! fits which will accrue from the action of the court in sending the man to Jjail for fifteen days, in lieu of the fine which he could not pay. The pub- Meity resulting from the incident may serve as a good warning. Some one, ignerant of the law and of the senti- |ment it represents, may be prevented from making the same mistake. But was it necessary to draw the moral by making the erring truck driver the object lesson? ‘The man was working and had a job. Now he is in jail. He will suffer, of ‘course, for his mistake, but will it make him love and revere his country's flag? And is the purpose of the law to teach reverence or to inspire fear and possibly hatred? “I @®idn't know it was wrong,” said the truck driver. And while ignorance is no defense, it is always a plea. Tak- ing everything into consideration, it is difficult to believe that a lecture by the court, an effort to convey to the truck driver a conception of the flag that obviously he did ‘not have, and |of powsibly & suspended sentence, would not have made the truck driver a bet- S AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. " deciding. WHCTher Yo shal seoeDs of e W er you 8 new engagement to something or other, and the means whereby a re- fusal, if that is wha! you decids upon, may be given with grace and it offense. LR Accepting an invitation, under the usual circumstances, is & t deal liks oniorl:fn ‘eal from a bill of fare while the waiter hovers over you. One has to have a find and heart utterly indifferent to servants to be able to order a dinner from a card without blindly picking at random simply to get it over with. Now there are persons who can do it, but perhaps ninety-nine out of a hun- dred persons cannot do it. At the best d such a g:tecl and unstudied contempt for anether human being and his evi- dent desires (to wit, the waiter) that he is able to really make a selection from a hundred foods? ‘Whereas, before the waiter showed up, one might have been able to concen- trate on & ham sandwich and a glass lfi‘miék. the mombn.:‘zl t! e e dress coat ns thal overing business, all ability to decide vanishes from the verage diner. cking all powers of de- In despi cision, one ly crders what one dos not in the least desire, and then spends the remainder of the meal wondering why he didn't have the nerve to order that ham sandwich. * ok k% When a friend pops an invitation to a show, or to attend a banquet with him, or to go down to his Summer place on the river, you are very much up in the air unless you are in full possessios s mythical engagement with some one else. L Of course, one may have a real en- gagerent, and in that case the thing is ter citizen, on leaving court, than he will be when he leaves jail. ————— So profound has been the impression on the'publicPmade by Frnce's colonial exposition, according to announcement from Paris, that there has bsen created & demand for exotfe foods, including lion’s flesh. Inasmuch as the hardy natives of Africa, whose stomachs can assimilate almost anything, fresh or spoiled, never taste the rank and stringy meat except to gain some of the beast'’s bravery and flerceness, it is probable that what the awe-struck orderer really gets is good, grade-A French horsemeat. ————————— Plans are afoot for the organisation of & drum, fife and bugle corps among Washington public school puplls, to number 1,800. Those Weshingtonians of an age to recall the excellent play- ing of the John B. Henderson or the Mt. Pleasant Drum Corps of three or four decades ago will view the idea with happy anticipation, ——— ‘There seems a wonderful opportunity |for the American as well as the Na- | possossor of a player nicknamed “Rab- bit,” since the news has come out that Melillo, St. Louis *second-sacker, lives mostly on carrots and spinach. ———e—— ‘The Peruvian government announces that it has been obliged to establish “a regume of exceptional repression and severity.” [Freely translated, it has tried Peruvian bark and now has | switched over to Peruvian bite. ey Naval expenditures were reduced last year by exactly the same sum—Afifteen million dollars—that the entire Navy cost fifty years ago. < e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Startling Sentiment. A man with a most determined air Said, “Let's get busy and get some- where!"” " I sald to him, “Oh, fearless man, You're starting a most surprising plan! Quite brief is the time you would allow When we set ourselves for & big pow- Wwow, “Don’t you know that you might get things in shape, Where they'd lack the refinement of bright red tape? Oh, fearless man, I say to you, You'll have us looking for work to do If the motto to which we give our care Is, ‘Let's get busy and get somewhere.'” Consistent Position. “Have you always been able to main- tain a consistent position in politics?” “There is one position,” replied Sena- tor Sorghum, “that I congratulate my- self on having maintained very eeu-! sistently, indeed. I have always man-' aged to remain on the upper surface of a landslide.” ' Not Impressed. “He says he will never marry if I jilt him," said the impressionable girl. “Well,” answered Miss Cayenne, “maybe such an arrangement would make a number of people happler.” Survival. The world was made for peace, no doubt, Among all tribes and nations. Some day we'll cut the fighting out— But never the orations. Two Sides. |tional Base Ball League to be proud |, simplicity itself. The trouble arrives when one has not taken the trouble to have an “engagement” ready whethe.' one has it or not! A certain astuteness is necessa this. Some folks will call it just lying, but the the mark. A lle, after all, is often not cne-half or one- fourth or even ome-eighth or one-six- as as humanity, in the lbltr!u't. has decided it is, in the ab- stract. Soclety would have done well by it- self if it had devised some system of lle scale, as it has for notes in music, or rests in the same. All notes are not alike, ncr all rests, and lies shoud have the same benefit of Circumstances vastly alter mel dacity of lies. There are les which are not lies at all, but rather greater truths. There are lies, which, in all honesty, touch the zenith of pity. Man has been far too ready to “hurl the lie,” as it is called, and especially to_resent the le. Perhaps & better solution of the mat- ter (which, after all, offers no solu- tion, since it is far, far too old) would be to change our definitions, and stop ry in plain dmuonlu in | viet! astel usual cheery individual, Joke—at somebody else's des at & banquet, as he ity he gets, he i o h o crack g Then there are men—and women, too—who find genuine amusement in Pnlnnlnm grand chatter before joors are opened, and in the grand in the world—the ex- he ull}ut speaker—being er which presents them to the full, * ok * % T the man whom banquets bore, a vice, He would do anything, or say an: thing, to prevent himself being the im of a toastmaster. Master of the toast, indeed! He scorns both toasts and toastmas- | ters, and feels that the first has about gone out, and that the second is due for_extinction, too. While the toastmastgr is disappear- ing from the earth, along with the poor buffalo, he unfortunately crops up some ninety-nine times a night in every major city in the land, and perhaps a dozen places an evening in the minor citles. Now this is distressing to_the man who does not like banquets. He recog- nizes the right of the toastmaster to % | function, and-the 1ight of other human h—and hear—him func- 80 when a friend invites him to at- have an engagement elsewhere, or is not provided with its equivalent, which is the subject of this, our discourse, he finds himself grasping at thin air. He How much easier it is, how much more tactful, how much better, in short, to simply reply. quick as a wink: “1 am awfully sorry, old man, but I heve an engagement for that night. Otherwise, I would be delighted to go with you.” The fine thing .about this stock ex- cuse is that it always is accepted with alacrity, sometimes so much so that one 15 inclined to believe that the fel. low no more wanted to go to that blamed banquet than you did! Have a little excuse ready, thenm, at the tip of the tongue. Be provided with a steady engagement with some one or other, and never let yourself be caught napp! or you may end up at & ban- quet, all, where you will sleep in earnest. Highlights on the Wide Worl IARIO DEL COMERCIO, Bar- ranquilla.—When we find our- selves face to face with an in- stance like the one we are going to relats, we experience a con- Yulsion of feeling which stirs up our heart from lt&lhnry depths and makes mother, whos: name is Rosario H. de Pereira. She was overheard impl & few centavos from her son with which to buy food. To whom should she have A;E:ued more justly than to her son? t tin Pereira, forgetful of the com)| and. respect due to the author of his days, forgetful of the love owed forever to his te , W] once carried only refused’ the few pence desired for the alleviation of her hunger, but de- rided and insult:d her with words as well. Police Asum who were given & report of the distressing incident, the counterpart of which we never heard of before, conducted Agustin Pereira to Southeastern Station to answer be- fore the chief of the precinct for such disgraceful unfilial treatment of his parent. Let us hope, if Agustin Pereira is a manifestation of that recent uct called “modern youth,” that such juve- nils characteristics may be checked, in our land at least, before they become the vogue. * % % ¥ Juvenile Delinquency Creates Grave Problem in Chile. El Mercurio, Santiago.—Among the discomfitures attributed to the indus- trial and commercial distress of the Iast several years, not least is a marked increase in juvenile delinquency and crime. More and more minors fall into the police and are brought the tribunals of the law, until discouraging. phenomena are to create a grave concern beginning for the future welfare of the republic. In some circles these untoward de- velopments are considered but a local manifestation of the general rebellion against law and order in all other coun- tries of the globe following the World War. They say that men became ac- et then to asserting their rights force ug o'? obtaining their dallxt‘ll at the point & pistol. foune thbis method so much simpler orthodox practice of working for livings that they continue to e: perquisites of crime rather perspiration. of honest toil. , and new estimate has u‘:m":; th‘nxou:l':mtm ensuing decade. ?hue are the reasons by some investigators lo‘r’ the u:n: lecgl,:; l‘x:.d hazardous conditions surroun Others believe, and we agree ‘would not “There are two sides to every ques- Joror® tion,” remarked the ready-made philos- opher. * “There's two sides to a hickory nut," rejoined Farmer Corntoss¢l; “an out- side and an inside, but only one of 'em is gorth payin’ any attention to.” Y ath “De surest way to keep out o' bad compeny,” said Uncle Eben, “Is to mind yoh own business so close dat bad com~ pany won't take ao Interést in you." i ¥ ] é E E & i i 5 i i, ki 1 Efl i i T il lg‘ i H i i ! Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands are left to their own devices, and are ultimately united in the same degen- eraey. M{. how much easier to follow the path downward than to struggle up- ward to & huh:r glu.ze!‘ Reports U. 8. in S; y With Austro-German n. *Neuss Wiener Tagblatt, Vienna—The New York correspondent of the Reichs- kanzler's (chancellor of the empire's) o viewed with well-nigh universal sym- thy in United States. Even of- gen! him upon h:r bosom, not | are sharpen the t of 'n of business acumen, and the quality of all American commod; offered for export. It is thought, how- ever, in financial circies, that Prance is likely to withdraw her credit offerings from Germany and Austria. In this case, any loans necessary to Austria or Germany would likely be nefou-ted by the two governments of United States and England, to offset the loss of French support. Senator Borah declares that Europe cannot ever recuperate herself unless some of the basic’provisions of the Versailles treaty are essentially changed. and he docsn’t see how any one at all in Europe can have any ob- jection to the Germano-Austrian tariff Tecissions. * ¥ x % Traveling Exposition To Display Mexican Wares. El . "‘"‘""&n ;(;:li:. lm‘.— rangements vel e A of products have mn Germany or A The only effect, it :‘. will be to ith 4n Prom the Hamilton Evening Journal. K lc has erected a new : “Agents, Solicitors of the wolf.” thing | miliar strange, = Bad, indeed, tend a banquet, if he already does not |, ; to go. He is so confused he usually ac- : cepts! Not s0, however, in the domain of the mind. The case is far otherwise here. Individuai “hermit kin, " are still % commonplace in realm, where doors close, seemingly of their own ac. against whatever is mihl‘:n( the long run, for the dom” itself. Patal, mlfll“ rx\:& for un"ku “qusmy b‘u':' Ior‘:‘e of e .. on" which actually makes denoew nm like our own. Which un- too—unless the hidden klnfian of the great average mind con- sents to open up as old Kores and oth- ers of that earlier exclusive order were finally constrained to do. It is a daunting business, especially today, this trying to know more, which is the obligatory job now facing every | siat Daunting, because modern move=- ments are so great, so complex. Be- cause vitsl changes come and go so swiftly to make way for still more vital ones, Daunting, because there are, yet, only, the same number of hours in the of “knowing more.” more reading more studying, prompter loosening up of the mind, a readier seizure of facts in their own essence, in their own relationships and conclusions. All this, to take the place of that common practice of mulling momentous things around in our own ions and prejudices and un- formation—of making this futile process the substance and support of what is gravely dubbed “my opinion” on any subject under the sun. ‘Time up the hidden kingdom of the thing about ter of im) ver mark the early years of the twentleth century as pivotal points in world history. lshevism. This, in rough accounting, shows the ordered registration of that fundamental discontent of the many over the inequalities of condition exist- ing emong men. Regardless of the in- finite variety in personal capacity with is of themselves in dull resentment or in such flares of activity as futile hatred | suggests. The poor against the rich. The many sgainst the few. An old story. Old as the world. ‘This succession of “isms” embodies the theories of amelioration, varying theories, which have been projected from a vast amount of study and hope- conclusion. Their common reach toward has been sporadic, es- sentially unorganized, and without p>- litical authority 4 the last. Bolshevism con of speculation into the lend of | actual 1 and trial. ‘The heart of bolshevism, that which sets it off from those other budgets of social and politi- cal reform, is “the will to revolution.” In plain speaking it is the will to stop listening to long talks from the top. To do something instead. To lift from its eroue.hlng. as ope man, the huge and irresistible bulk of Russian peasantry and poverty and degradation. - For- this | mass to stand up, all at once, upon its feet. And just to see what would happen to thi of sutocracy, st the top. the thing. And it was done. Lenin 3 t. . 2> Lenin ‘Brought bolshevism into the world in 1903. A baby in the cradle yet, just born indecd, as the life of n: tions counts. A gargantuan child, of strange behaviors, upon whom the whole world is looking with interest and some concern. However. a nation, like gov- | pleted 25 a man, accept the discipline cf life, or submit to it. Russia is no ex- ception. A hundred years in this par- ticular experiment of proletariat rule wiil pass as an hour of the night. to this struggling and untrained coun And lttgend of its first real school- ing it will be something so different from its present form and claim that recognition of its obstreperous hood will be impossible, and undesirable. All that is far away. Let us take the chances being offered so freely right now to find out, a little at least, of one cr another of the prime movers in this wondrous and problematical new day for Ri * ok k% Here opportunity for us comes in a life of Lenin, founder of bolshevism. No, not the first one to appear, per- haps not the second. Yet, special cir- cumstances make claim here that have not, so far, been so clearly tered. The author, D. 8. Mirsky, is himself a Russian. Compact of the w&l?( “tnhlt country through long ances es, reared within its own ways of life, moti- vated throughout his youth by its own outlook and national ambitions. A Rus- sian of the privileged class, of the f: vored ones in that huge autocracy. A gt‘::m advantage in study of Rus- ing annihilated, bel alien pri les of eq and democ- racy. The observation o: this man ;:dv his h:hunhnfle Judgment Gradually, under his good insight and excellent app! through his inter- cannot. apparent failure. For, in either case, it a human movement as natural and inevitable as was the slow rise of man himself out of the slime of forgotten m And fer this stage of Russian ry, Lenin is the chief leader. But Mr. Mirsky's book does not say this. . Instead, it follows the manifest cious, uncon- service of prole- Russia. A fugitive much of the A worker for his cl n cause time. Affiliating with Socialist and Communist up to the point where theory could no longer support his pro- of action, of rebellion and revo- ution. less in the romantic sense with which we desire so ardently to bedeck heroes of every brand—yet, oddly ired and con! when he readers away tion. Lenin is . {tually larger than in 1930, baby- | An inconspicuous fellow, color- | so, planes?- X3 A. News Wing says that more than 1.200 persons pay fares and travel on the regular air lines in the States every day. started the pltching of 35 ©Of these he won 20. Q. What, is the smallest wire which has been made?—E. McG. A. The Bureau of Standards says the smallest wire mesh lknn‘:'evn :o the :u’-. reau is 400 me of phospl bronze wire, g flm( David Maguir e“l:‘orm e Wis.?—J. C. A. SR A. A letter from , Wis., which states: ' “David Ma- guire passed away in our home for the aged about March 17, 1925. One year previous to his death Mr. Maguire weighed 810 pounds. At the time of his death he weighed 760 pounds. This statement is by the Rev. Mother Superior. who was in charge at | that time: also by the Sister who took care of him.” Q. What _yas the interest-bearing debt of the Uflited States after the close of the World War and the end of the last fiscai year?—R. 8. M. A. Secretary Mellon says that on June 30, 1919, our total interest-bearing debt outstanding amounted to $35,235,~ ,000. On June 30, 1930, it was $15,- 922,000,000, showing a reduction during the period of over $9,313,000,000. Q. When was the first college paper magazine published in the United ates?—H. E. 8. A. The precursor of college cals was the Dartmouth Gasette pub- lished in 1800, which numbered améng its editors Daniel Webster, The first Tegular American col magazine is said to have been the Literary Cabinet | begun at Yale, November 15, 1806, and published until October, 1807. The first Harvard periodical was the Har- vard Lyceum, published from July 14, 1810, to March 9, 1811. Q. Is there Federal suj mail order businesses>—I. E. A. There is no Pederal law govern- ing the mail order business except that anything sold through the mail must be as represented. Otherwise one is of d periodi- 1 world’s highest , La Paz or' r—LA.o. Q. When was bookkeeping first sys- tematized?—L. L. A. Business records other were probably em| earliest times in the history of trade credit. Practically nof known, however, of the earliest forms of keeping. - Pre )pears certain that the merchants of Italy, France and Spain practiced systematic bookkeeping for some time prior to the thirteenth cen- tury. We owe the present system of bookkeeping, however, to the Italian traders of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, particularly the merchants of Genoa, Florence and Venice. dn 1494 Luca Pacioli, or Luca di Burgo, a Tuscan friar, published a work which contains a treatise on double-entry Bookkeeping. From Italy the system spread to the Netherlands, thence to England and from there to all parts of the world. Q. Do cotton planters receive official advance notice of the emergence of the cotton boll weevil each year?>—G. N. A. While for some rs the Departe ment of Agriculture issued a bulletin from its Tallulab, La., experiment sta- tion calculated to inform cotton planters of the strength of boll weevil emergence empflu, the service has been aban- of some form or ployed in the Q. Please give a short biogra] of Tallulah Btnkhend.h who “Io:r mpp"{”u- was born in Huntsville, Ala., January 31, 1902. *She is 5 feet 5 inches téll, weighs 118 pounds; has blond hair and is not married. It was in 1922, after a brief career on the American stage, that she went to London, remaining there for nihe years. She has played in produc- tions” such as “Everyday,” “Danger,” “Her 'rel_ll\_gm-ury Husband,” “Th citers,” “They Knew What They Wan ed” “The Gold Diggers,” “Her Car ud and Treacle” and y.” board Lover,” * “Let Us Be Ga; WTeat Crop and Farm Board Arouse Interest of Nation Prospects for the farmers of the United States are uppermost in the pub- lc mind as developments affecting the wheat market come in rapid succession. Estimates of crops in this country and Capada are siudied, while the effect of abandonment of buying by the Farm Board is ‘a subject of discussion, and co-operatives are declared to be the most potent friends of the procedure. “A bullish surprise to the market,” is the comment of the Wall Street Journal cn the official crop report on Winter #nd Spring wheat conditions as of June 1. That paper advises that “the Teport can be construed as indicating a total wheat crop, 60,000,000 bushels less than the average of the private crop experts’ estimates a week ago.” The Journal states: “The large carry- over of a year ago will undoubtedly be considerably exceeded this year, so on paper today our wheat supply is ac- Te are other things, however. that give the re- port & decidedly bullish hue. Condi- tion of the Spring wheat ‘was ported at 67.9, compared with 85.7 a year ago and a 10-year average of 86.2. The present figure is the lowest ever reported, and is a result of drought. time storage is said to be $3,000,000 & month.” Sosing jabous In connection with. the forecasts for the season, there is discussion of the Tesults of the work of the Federal Farm Board as it withdraws from pur- chases of the grain. The Des Moines Rey 3 2 statement by Sam the board in con« demnation of ‘“loose talk about the board’s activities in encouraging the formaticn of farmers’ co-operative mare kel organizations.” says: “It is silly to say that this work represents an ate tempt to put the Government in busie mess. It is the farmers who go into business. The Government endeavors to help them do it. * * * Over the Farm Board's buying and selling of wheat, which has been discontinued, there was some room for ent, or at least for misunderstanding® and peevishness. But when any one con- demns the principal work of the board —that of sponsoring co-operative mar- keting—he nearly always can be set dcwn as one who has a personal ax to grind. This work is not a partisan or political activity; it is a simple ef- fort of proved value to help the farmer There is an absence of subsoil and unless there are frequent rains through the Summer the crop will not gf..,‘b" to stand up. Also, the Cana- government report on Spring wheat is the lowest recorded and a crop of 285,000,000 bushels, or 95,000,000 less than the production of 1930. Rains have been reported in parts of Western Canada, but the situation there is still uncertain. Even with favorable weather from now on until harvest. the hard Spring wheat production of the ti countries will be much below normal. . * ok ok % Discussing the tendencies in the Southwest, the Houston Chronicle de- clares: “Government reports indicate that the wheat production of Te: g northward. Last season the product of the South- west was about 41,000,000 bushels.less. While Canada is finding its output cur- tailed, while the northern part of the U;ldte‘:‘ States flnd‘lh:u.;h:Q dry and n moisture, thwest's pro- duction booms. A o they Ties Tum 52" tne ol bigger and better wheat the Southwest persist have to establish a e national wheat week as well as a national cotton week.” Speaking of those who “have been steadily hoping that the farmers would curtail acreage sufficiently to reduce the surplus stocks that have plagued the Parm Board and demoral- ized a large number of nmm-:Y for a long 5 ce concludes: “There is still time for the picture to change further, either for better or for worse. What the ultimate results for this season’s harvest may be are conjectural now, and will be for several weeks to come.” The fleld (Mass.) Union thinks: to feet econcmically. It should be l\lpg‘:rud as such.” * ¢ * * ok “The farmer is not to be led into co-operative cultivation, but into mar- keting, in place of being wholly at the mercy of extraneous marketing machin- ery and organization,” declares the ‘Topeka Dafly Capital, with the belief that “the farm agitation started more than 10 years ago as a marketing idea, and it ends that way in the present Pederal farm marketing act.” The Capital quotes Mr. Thompson to the effect that “the co-operative program is substantial progress and growing as rapidly as we might rea- sonably expect,” and addss “The co- operatives are doing business. They have borrowed $200,000,000, and paid back half of it.” In further indorse- ment of the Federal board, the Topeka editor remarks, “With the definite close of the Farm Board's marketing operations in wheat through the Grain Stabilization tion. the market piunged 13 cents, which is ‘testimony of gl:m nm”’mw to the effect of the 's 3 Statements by Charles C. Teague, resigning as vice of the Farm Mllm quom tlhn ’llv;mk Eve- lews, pa. rly assertion the board “has enabled co-opera~ farm associations to persist,” and ‘otherwise they wculd have gone wall” The Evening News con- : “While conceding the risks have r-&. and not denying there may timate heavy loss of Federal . he is conyinced the attempt ha; Worth the cost. What Mr. Teagu is true. This country has spent 000,000 in & way that may not been economically sound, still it emergency. It saved thousainds ers from ruin and kept many ua‘em"nln belt from going ta Mwmmuene- no ons . A lass has got to , but it was It i et g e 1] 3 iz ECEERTEE §§5§:§§E E i cations that up to last