Evening Star Newspaper, April 25, 1931, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Editien. . WABHINGTON, D..C. SATURDAY.......April 25, 1831 e e THEODORE W. NOYES. .. Editor —— oy T ‘Engiand. Rate by Carrier Within the City. 545 Der month *"60c per month 85¢ per month e ber_ €apy ach menth. telephone ve. AT !L Building, London, Mail—Payable in Advance. 'filr_vhlul Inyl-l Virginia. 40c All Other States and Canada. 19r.$1200: 1 mo., § 130 1366 i mes Member of the Associated Press. T AT B i e Bt S paner ol 215 Shenent Sies published herein. All rights of publication of pecial d hes herein o reserve e Standing Pat on Russia. With Russia engrossing more and more public attention, there is timeliness 1n the restatement of the United States’ attitude lest night by the solicitor of the State Department. Acting unques- tionably with the full authority of Seeretary Stimson, Solicitor Hackworth reafirmed before the American Soclety of International Law—a particularly appropriate forum—this Government's position toward the Soviet. -It remains 88 when first defined by Secretary Colby in 1920 and supported consistently by his successors in turn—Secretaries Hughes, Kellogg and Stimson. 1t was Mr. Hughes who put America’s case for denying recognition to the “world revolutionists” in a nutshell. It 1.00 8¢ 50c is withheld, the “Hughes doctrine” lays down: 1. Because the Soviet fails to accord to the persons and property of foreigners within fts jurisdiction that degree of yespect required by international law. 3. Because the Soviet fails to respect the international obligations of preced- ing Russian governments; and 8. Because the Soviet refuses to re- spect the rights of other nations to develop their institutions and to conduct their internal affairs without interfer- ence or contrel by other states. Our non-recognition cclors are re- natled to the mast on the eve of next week's annual meeting of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States in Atlantic City. ‘The “world problem” of Russia will doubtless arouse discus- sion there. “Big business” favors Amer- fean recognition of Russia, as well as American trade with the Soviet. It is o be hoped that influential voices will be raised in Atlantic City to remind American business that it may be dig- ging its own grave by bullding up the Communist industrial state. A little teamwork between “big business” and the United States Government in con- neetion with Russia would not be amiss. preferred to have the trip accomplished first in one of his planes. Regardless of all this, however, there is entirely too much slurring of character by those who wish to sell their memoirs to the public. Mr. Fokker, with the reputation that he has achleved through brilliant work in the still infant airplane in- dustry, should not stoop to such tactics. ——e— Inspectors Must Inspect. ‘With commendable candor Assistant Engineer Commissioner Robb has made it plain that inspectors who' represent the District on econstruction jobs are supposed to inspect, and that such work does not mean casual observance. If anything is being done the wrong way, the inspectors are to correct it. No delicacy of feeling over jurisdiction or authority can explain away the impres- sion that if the District's inspectors on the Roosevelt High School job had been as well equipped with foresight as subs:quent investigators have besen with hindsight, the steel framework for the new auditorium would not have wiited in the face of a brisk windstorm with the destruction of several thousand dollars’ worth of material and the re- sultant delay in completing the project. Neither Maj. Robb nor his expert in- vestigators have been hesitant to blame the accident on faulty methods, and they have done it quickly and openly. There is comfort in this as well as in the knowledge that no fatalities oc- curred, and that the collapse of the steelwork did not become a tragedy. There has already been some reform in the District’s building inspection service, Formerly the inspectors on such jobs as the Roosevelt High School were paid by the contractors, which was obviously wrong. Now these jobs are inspected by men retained by the municipal architect’s office, and not the regular personnel from the building in- spector's office. Such an srrangement may be perfectly satisfactory, so long as the inspectors inspect. After Maj. Robb's elear definition of their dutles, THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, BSATURDAY, APRIL 25, It is slmost as satisfactory as having s doctor- say. you have been working too hard and need a rest. There is a balm in it that passes understanding. And with Congress away, with the ball team away, with the President gone fishing vnd nothing left to talk about except the weather, there would be real dan- ger in removing the kiosk. There would be no outlet for honest emotions. Peo- BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Just as botanists differ as to whether Cydonia is & distinct genus, or only & section of the genus Pyrus (family Rosa- ple would probably shoot each other.!ceae), so flower lovers It would be like undergoing an opera- tion for appendicitis and not being al- lowed to talk about it. Muzzle the press! porters! Jail the editors! Conscript the tourists! Order an eclipse! But the kiosk—long ma; <ie wave! —_— e George M. Kober. Mere recital of the services of Dr. George M. Kober in behalf of the physical well-being of his fellow crea- tures requires an extensive space. Sum- marjes of his activities during half a century in medical research and hy- gienic administration only indicate in brief the intensive work of & lifetime devoted to the attainment of higher standards of health and the eradication of disease. Those who knew the man intimately were never made aware by his own words of what he was doing. They knew him by his works, his in- cessant devotion to the cause of health. Dr. Kober was & Washingtonian of nearly sixty years of residence, almost the entire time of his sojourn in the United States, having come to this country from his native Germany a youth of sixteen. He possessed the physician's gift of insight and had the scientist'’s insatiable curiosity re- garding the cause of phenomena. He regarded disease as an enemy to be fought, not only in individual cases, but in large scale warfare of eradication. This was the role that he eame eventu- ally to fill, with great success. ‘To many Washingtonians the name of Dr. Kober was simply that of one man who was constantly active in hy- one is inclined to the bellef that they will, — iy Beauty and Safety. If all attempts at beautification of highways are made with ax little regard for the practical utilitarianism of some forms of ugliness as that which marked the planting of grass seed along the earth shoulders of the road between Washington and Fort Humphreys, beauty should pause a while. This stretch of heavily traveled highway was built by the Government as an emergency operation of war. It has long since demonstrated its inferiority to the roads that Virginia is building today. It is only eighteen feet wide. Until last Fall it was provided with natural shoulders of hardpan, or a mixture of soil and gravel that made the shoulders, even in wet weather, almost as resistant as the concrete of the roadway itself. An attempt to beautify the highway by planting grass slong its borders took the form of replacing the hard shoul- ders with a good dose of top soil to accommodate the seed. The result was that during the Winter the soft earth welcomed skidding automobile tires with a deep embrace. Scores of cars glenic works. They did not know that he was also a liberal giver of his own fortune in behalf of various agencles and works and that he had endowed a foundation for lectureships and awards to promote research, from which work bave flowed valusble results. T those who were privileged to know him well Dr. Kober was an inspiring personality, & charming companion and s faithful friend. His memory will remain green 80 long as his works for the succor of mankind from needless disease continue to function. It will never fade from the minds of those who were blessed with his friendship. —————————— An abdication calls for funds to meet expenses of foreign travel or sojourn. Alfonso may well envy Germany's for- mer Kaiser who, whatever his political disappointments may be, has managed | his private finances admirably. P The Pess-Shouse “You're snother!” exchange cannot truly be regarded as s particularly valuable contribution to the people. —————— Spring’s flareback into Winter has at least given the Daughters attending the The Soviet makes notorious capital out | have met calamity by running off the | sonvention here s perfectly good rea- of its non-existence. Moscow claims, | pavement, only to slide in the mud | ., ¢ wearing thelr furs without Nouse divided against itself on tie question of recognition. Perhaps It Wil Gecur to-some mighty deeply mired of turned on one side, until & wrecking crew and ambulances from the military post could come to not without repsan, that America is a|into the gutters and there Temain, | ..;ming {5 defy the seasons. How dee-lighted “Teddy” would have been with such an exchange of epithets captain of industry in Atlantic City to | the rescue. Along with the sutomobiles, | (", 0° L0 oo et ween the re- suggest that as “big business” is never | the grass has perished. The earthen spective representatives of the two oid backward about seeking its Uncle Sam's protection when in trouble, it ought to have equally little reluctance in sup- porting a foreign policy which has been sustained by successive Washington ad- ministrations, irrespective of party, over of period of eleven years. Four Presidents and four Secretaries ©f Btate cannct all be wrong. _— et Circumstances alter opinions, in mo- tor matters as in others. The driver who protests against the new parking regulations is apt to be a hearty sup- porter of them while he is enjoying the greater freedom of street space afforded by them, e After all, the 1932 political campaign, already started between the two party stage managers, shows 1o signs of shar- ing in the great depression. Laborites in British Commons ask rude questions about Alfonso with evi- dent confidence that he will not be re- called to the throne. e Character Slurring. As an author, Anthony Fokker turns out to be one of the world's foremost airplane designers. One thing must be sald, however, for Mr. Fokker as & writer. He knows exactly how to get publicity for his book even if it does mean besmirching the names of some of America’s most noted fyers. Ad- miral Byrd, for instance, in Fokker's new book, is severely chided for his delsy in taking-offt on the Atlantic| flight and for permitting the “unsclen- tific Lindbergh” to beat him across the ocean. And then, as a final gesture to Admiral Byrd, Fokker describes him as “completely lost” when the America finally reached the French coast. No- vilie, the radio man on the ship, Fokker almost ignores, except to say that “he destroyed his sole usefulness to the ex- pedition by allowing the radio to get out of order.” Acosta, the alternate pilot, is characterized as “a physical wreck.” The only one on that historic trip that Mr. Fokker thinks well of ap- parently is Bernt Balchen. Balchen, he says, was the one who saved the expedition from disaster. Mr. Fokker did great work in the war, for the Germans, although in falrness it must be said that he offered his plans first to the allies. When h's ships, ‘plloted by crack German fiyers, wppearea aver the lines, they swept everything ®efore them. He has since been the bullder of many fine airplanes and deservedly enjoys the dis- tinction of being one of the world's shoulders are cut and sloughed into countleds furrows. Dry weather will lessen the danger of skids into the ditch, but not of broken springs or steering gear. Virginia's Highway Department has made several improvements on this dangerous thoroughfare during the past Winter, eliminating s number of 50- called “death curves” and dangerous approaches to bridges. Its next under- taking should be to improve the road by concrete shoulders along those por- tions that are not to be replaced by new pavement over a changed right of way. m and appropriate shrub« bery can be planted without the hazard that accompanies such beauti- fication on narrow roadways. ‘There is a certain degree of encour- agement in the fact that whenever the stock market falters in s bearish move- ment the optimism chorus of the prophets of good times swells to & dia- pason volume. o For an sccomplished wise-cracker, Mayor Jimmie Walker took altogether to0 many words to reply to the charges brought sgainst him. That Kiosk. Some of our good citizens have re- vived the proposal to do away with the ‘Weather Bureau kiosk, just because it telis lies about how hot it is. The rea- soning behind the sbolition movement is that in the Summer, when it is hot in Washington—though no hotter than many other fair cities of this fair land —avid newspaper reporters quote the kiosk's misleading temperature statistics and broadcast them over the country. Visitors pause in front of the kiosk, mop their brows and write home about it. Dogs look at the kiosk and go mad. Starlings study the kiosk and fly North. Tourists in far off places, preparing for the long-delayed trip to their Capital, read or hear about the kiosk and the hot weather and immediately cancel the trip and book reservations for Alaska. And all the while the light that lies in the kiosk's statistics lies and lies and lies and lies. For it is not nearly as hot as all that. The kiosk's temperature is recorded at a spot where the Summer heat is reflected and strengthened by concrete pavements, steel tracks and other such things. It is not nearly so hot as the kiosk says it is. It merely seems that hot, and the thermometer, the braggart, works itself up over nothing. Abolishing the kiosk might serve to outstanding designers. Naturally, there must be some reason for his attack on the - flight of the America beside his desire to praise Balchen. He could have * done that just as well without slurring the other oocupants of the plane. Per- haps Fokker thinks that despite the fact that Admiral Byrd used his planes on both the North Pole and the Atlantic fiights he did not receive enough credit. Admiral Byrd did name his North Pole ship the “Josephine Ford,” which might have concealed its identity as a Fok- ker product. "lh-l'vuur soften the actual facts about Washing- ton’s Summer heat. Somebody who wants to tome to Washington might not come, after reading what the kiosk says. But there are a few joys left in this life and one should be careful before striking them off the books and con- signing them to oblivion. joys 1s to get 50 hot in Wi the next breath, one feels, last and then to go to the kiosk and & study of the temperature chart cover that one was not wrong, that it is And then Byrd allowed!every bit as hot as one thought it was. ' Uncle Eben. Lindbergh to blage the trall to Parls, Such sympathetic agreement om the ebrybody dat talks ter 'im gits er reppl- gitribute of citizenship and respected naturaliy wwl? have Dart of the kiosk is like & cooling breeze. tation foh bein' monst'oup. wise.” difficult parties! — e It looks as though soon no careful doctor will respond to any suburban night eall without a couple of well armed bodyguards. v SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. No Mind for Trifles. My friend old Joe Btruthers, Like various others, Discusses the Nation's affairs. With rhetoric booming, He's always assuming Its numerous burdensome cares. He loves an oration. A big celebration 1s something that gladdens his heart. Of tariffs he'll tell you And deftly compel you To own he'’s peculiarly smart. His fences are shaky. His old barn is quaky. His crops very frequently fail. My friend old Joe Struthers, Like various others, Fas to think on a very large scale. Expedient Demoeracy. “Do you think the eustom of shaking hands with the masses will ever be abandoned?” asked one statesman. “It may be,” replied the other. |1 1t 1s, 16" will be abandoned just an election and never just before But fter The Stronger Influence. “Which do you think appeals more generally, art or literature?” “Art. Almost anybody would rather send a picture post card than write & letter.” Refiection of s Reformer. For centuries men have addressed Their minds to problems that they met. And, frankly, let it be confessed, They haven't found the answers yet. While Rome Burned. Nero had just completed his historic solo. “There’s no use of trying to uplift | the publie,” he sald. “Think of & crowd that would rather run to look at & fire than hear me play the violin!" Elevation. “I am quite convinced that our re- mote ancestors lived in trees.” “We have climbed some since then. What s & tree compared to a sky- scraper apartment building?” The Prima Donna. Her song was like an angel's As we heard it there that night; It eharmed the painted Cupids On the celling in its flight. It quite entranced the goddess On our coin, with wondrous trills, And it hypnotized the statesmen On our twenty-doliar bills. “Flattery hab great power,” remarked “De man dat 'grees wif Bhoot the re-| b the name of the color Cydonia_Japonica, the Japan One will call it carmine-rose, another apple-blossoms, anéther wild-rose, but whateve: color-descriptive name it is called it s 8 beautiful blossom, and one which should be a favorite of every home owncr. If it is nct grown in every garden, it is probably because the entire family of quinces has undergone a lpss of popu- larity in recent years, and also hecause its flowers are better appreciated at close hand. ‘The closer one studies the blossoms of the Cydenia Japonica, the shrub, the more beattiful it appears. It grows upon you. Each single petal is a miracle of coloring, almost remindihg one of a sweet pea in !ts delicate tracery of veins d its subtle shading from deeper rose midrib to faint “maiden’s the edge. * ¥ ok % ‘The Japanese Quince has this advan- tage over the Forsythia, its more showy ear]y Spring rival, that its flowers come along with the leaves. It is this combination of petal color- ing with the harmony of its bronzy- green leaves which renders this bush so peculiarly” attractive, once it attracts one. Although some forms of it are called Firebush, the name is misleading, as there is nothing showy in any. sense about Cy ia; but it is true that many amateéur gardeners pass it by because of its quiet beauty Perhaps that is the reason’ the entire Quince family has lost in favor through- out the gardening world. Can the golden-yellow fruits of the Old World Quince compare with the orange? Can the flowers of the Japonica vie with the iris, or the gladiolus? There was & time in European gar- dens, however, when the Quince was largely planted. We speak now of Cy donia vulgaris, or Quince tree, once as commonly planted as the pear. ‘The English, in particular, were fond of Quince marmalad and in the United States, many years ago, Quince preserve was highly thought of. The hard acid flesh has a pecullar fragrance and taste which render it good for using with baked apples, to give them a special tang. At one time in the varied history of the fruit of this short, twisted limbed tree, the Quince was soaked in water, thereby giving a mucilaginous ma. terfal which was esteemed In medicine for what maladies we do nct know. Any one acquainted with the lore of the herbalist could answer. * K % % Cydonia was (or maybe it is) a city in encient Crete. Perhaps the Quinee originated there. At any rate, its cul- tivation spread all over Asia and down the blush” near Europe. It"was planted in rich sofl, preferring ‘& good clay location. It is classed as a malaceous tree and shrub. ‘The Malaceae family 1 cludes the apples,: pears, quince, ha: thorn, shadbugh. Its turee chief gen- era_are Malus,” Pyrus and Cydonli. The wild-ross gppearance of Iits blossoms (we speak here of Japonica) is accented by the-. yoselike leaves, which exactly resemble, at least to the non-critical "eye, those cf any good rosebush. ‘The coloring is the same, and the shape and make-up of the twigs are roselike, or applelike, as one cl , for lthcy all belong to the Rosaceae ly. = political enlightenment of the American | ;o disco of flowers and uu-m:r“one'n u‘f{q is the great- est_joy of the garden. ‘What difference does 1t make, if ten persons know a flower, if one’s self does not know 1t? It 1s the personal acquaintance which counts. One may pass a cer- tain flower a hundred times, without its once making an impression upon cne. ‘Then, upon a day, one chances to really see it! After that, there is & new flower in the world, as far as you are concern- ed. This is an ever-recurring miracle, one which is known, of course, in the world of bcoks, art, music. ‘The greatest symphony ever writ- ten is not much of anything., in an | actual sense, until one not oniy hears it, but more until one hears it with some degree of understanding. For sheer beauty many ccnsider the “Unfinished” the firvst piece of sym- phonic writing ever achieved by man. Surely there is something heavenly in those glorious descending chords, that ethereal music above, m the second movement. |, Yet if one is not in the mood for it, he might hear the “Unfinished” Sym- |phony several times without being | moved by it. Only when his heart and | mind and ear are attuned will he be moved, and only when he is stirred will he really hear. And only when he hears will he un- derstand, and, understanding, claim it | for his own. He has made its acquaint- ance at last. ! » *x xR | 1t 1s so with flowers. A civilized man or woman has flow- | ers in his eyes on many occasions, but it is only upon some unforgettable occa- {sion that an individual variety makes its greatest appeal. It may be no more than a chance passing of & vase full, or | seeing a certain flower in bloom in a yard. Wherever it is, or when, the moment reveals the plant to the person, and not until this floral handclasp is undergone can a human being be sald to know a certain flower, bush, tree, variety, specimen. Here again & wide acquaintanceship, no doubt, is better than a narrow one. The more a person, in any situation, sees, the more chance he will have of being pleased. The better pleased he is, | the better chance he has of being happy, everything considered. | The more things a human being can | bring himself to like, honestly and of | his own free will, the better off he will be, in the practical considerations of | life and living. The more he likes, the less he will dislike. On every hand one hears such re- merks as “Oh, I hate cats!” ci “Oh, I | despise dogs!” when each such speaker would be vastly better off, since there are so many cats and dogs, if he or she | would attempt to see the good points to the animals, and thus in time come {to be pleased with them, rather than irritated by them. It is the same with flowers. We have heard persons say “Oh, I hate those miserable daisies!” when 2ll the | time the single flowers, of which they | are a type, are admirable in every way, | although the double specimens may | please an individual temper more. | It is good to try to rid the mind of Eolnflou dislikes, and a good place to egin is in the garden. There one finds aristocrats and plebeians side by side in a humble, glorious democracy. Take a stand by the Japanese Quince, and say “No flower, not eyen an Iris, could be more beautiful than this.” And, fun- damentally speaking, you will be right. Half Century of Progress | At Tuskegee Is Recognized Progress for ‘the colored race in the half century “whose cloge was cele- brated recently by Tuskegee Institute Alabama is a subjéct of praise by the country.. A growing place in in- dustry is found. to. have had at least a part of its ori in this.institution, and the labgrs, of Booker T: Wash! ton and his associates are felt to have oduced results. Pt “Was Dr: Washington's great enius for _ promoti interracial riendship and understanding, no less than his ability as an educator, that gave Tuskegee Ipstitute its high char- geter and purpose,” in the opinicn of the Birmingham News, which adds that “his worthy successor, Maj. Mo- ton, is an able, thcughtful man, and he has carried on successfully the work that was begun by his predeces- sor.” Of the institution {tself, that paper offers the estimate: “Tuskegee Institut= is something more than a distinguished and successful educa- tional institution. It 1s, of & sense, & symbol. It is & symbol of the progress of the Negro race since it emerged from slavery, and in its purposes and its achievements it represents the highest ideals and the best thought of the I ers of the race. As such, it has a signifi- cance for the white race as well as for the Negro. For the best thought of the responsible leaders of the Negro race for its advancement and for its co-operation with the white people is not different, m the main. from the best thought of the white race on that score.” “How to find employment for the people, a ‘niche doing what they can do best.’” ing to the Topeka Daily Capital, “is a riddie which will not be solved in a day. Patlence and sympathy are needed. But there can be no question of the immense serv- ice that Tuskegee Institute has ren- dered the South as well as the Negro in half a century, fortunate to be under the charge of two such men as Booker Washington and Rcbert R. Moton.’ * ok k% “Tuskegee emphasizes three things, says the Rochester Times-Union, enu merating these as “training for industry, agricultural development and intel racial good-will.” That paper points out that “more than 20,000 graduates and former students, in addition to literary 'training, have acquired & working knowledge of one of the 42 trades taught there.” The St. Paul Dispatch holds that the institute “stands as a monument to the efforts of this re- arkable teacher, Booker Washington, oge alm Was to give his people a practical education along the lines of industry and trade, leading to ultimate economic independence.” ~ The Provi- dence Journal pays the’ tribute that “the extent to which his earnest effort | attracted financial support was a no- table achievement,” and that ‘“Tuskegee stands today as his monument.” “Tuskegee, in the beginning,” states the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, ‘“repre- sented the ideas and ideals of one ma Today it is firmly established as an in. stitution of national importance. It can open its second half century with the assurance that it has the confi- dence of the country.” The Monhtgom ery Advertiser, feeling that “at the end of 50 years it finds itself very much less on the defensive than in the be ginning,” concludes that “it has d veloped a solid strength, a strength which is derived from the good-will and the good wishes of two fund, ‘mentally different races living side side under the same Government and seeking life from the same soil and in. fration from a common national tre a? jon.”- The Detroit Free Press thin] that “while the material growth has been impressive, what is far more no- table is the contribytion the school has made to the education of the colored race in this country along practical lines. as well as to human relation- | Bro' 'g::urrulnl relations and interracial problems,” & sts the e Times, “deserve the thought and careful attention of the ablest leaders of both races. Whatever tends to contribute to a sympathetic and friendly attitude Is as 8 useful and helpful ties as guch. There are many ( all of that time | and serious groblml yet to be solved before the Negro achfeves that eco- nomic and social statgs of which he is It will be l;xnttm o{hie‘n:‘, many years, ore 3 éss 15 being 0 a right to feel encouraged red as he looks back upon ‘the past and observes that he has come a long way in & compara- tively short time."* . “Several thousand graduates,” re- cords the San Antonio Express, “have taken the Tuskegee idea to other com- munities; sehools similar in aim have 5] up all over the land. As a re- e Negro generally is afforded | something approaching equality of edu- | cational opportunity. In recent years he has entered industry in unprecedent- ed numbers snd largely has made good. To & col able degree he owes that success to Booker T. Washington. The Tuskegee experiment has suceeeded be- yond the founder's expectations, per- haps, though hardly beyond his dreams. The institute’s civic and patriotic serv- ices through the past half century | must he appraised equally high.” ‘Half a century of fruitful labor have shown the soundness of the lines on which it was founded.” says the Phila- delphia Evening Bulletin, while the At- | lanta Constitution, linking with is | school the institution in its own city, | maintains that “to them the people of | the South owe grateful acknowledg- 1 ments of their sanity, industrial philos- | ophy, educational methods and con- tributions to harmony and co-opera- | tion.” The Kansas City Times be- | lleves that “it is but reasonable to ex- ;pecr. that the advance in another half | century will be comparable with, if not | superior to, that in the last”; that | “there is assurance in that condition | for all America.” “The founding, half a century ago,” according to the Youngstown Vindica- tor, “was a big undertaking which aroused general interest. It was looked upon as an experiment with a theory of adjustment between the races. Time has demonstrated the correctness of the theory, not only in the education of the Negro, but in the number of movements started by the institute. Among these were the Farmers' Con- ference, the Farm Demonstration Serv- | ice, now taken over by the United | States Department of Agriculture, and | the National Negro Business League, the | president of which is Dr. Robert Mo- ton, principal of the institute. The re- search work done by Tuskegee has made |1t an authority on all that pertains to | the Negro race. The contribution made to better conditions of the race can never ‘be estimated, but the changes that have come in the years since the Institute was founded point to its influ- | ence and service. | —_— e |Vote to Retain Name Of Wesleyan U. Hailed From the New York Herald-Tribune. | ©Old names, fortunately, have friends ! to resist the innovators. A committee of the Wesleyan University trustees finds no good reason for changing & college name borne honorably for nearly a hundred years. The trustees confirm | the sentiment of the undergraduates, who voted five to one for Wesleyan y | 8gainst any of the substitutes proposed. ‘There are many Wesleyans with local qualifying descriptions, but the college at Middietown, Conn. is the original Wesleyan; it is the Wesleyan, the first of the clan. Any number of younger relatives can only emphasize that dis- ction. In this part of the country name Wesleyan has no more ambiguity Amherst, Williams, wn, Dartmouth or Bowdoin, and it is estimable in tradition as are those. The old name should go on with the college that has worn it so well. D All Unionists. From the Haverhill Gazette. Becretary Doak has med the Federal | Employes Union; his ‘we presume, belongs to the cabipgtmakers’ union. i -ox 1931. THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover Julian Huxley, writer on sclentifie subjects, and editor with H. G. Wells of the new popular compendium of sci- ence, “The Science of Life,” is also & Ghiversiy, of Toaden recentl y . He was ly sent by the Colonlal Office Advisory Committee on Native Education of the British Empire to East Africa to in- vestigate and report on certain aspects of native education. The result was, of course, his report to the committee, which does not concern the general reading public, but also a book on Africa, which is interesting enough reading for any one. “Africa View” is an account of 16 weeks of travel in East Africa, with observations on native education the first object, but with much atten- tion to the merely interesting thin, which any traveler might nwee. e landed in Tanganyika territory early in September and into the next four months “crammed whole cargoes of vital experience.” Bewildered by the vastness of it all, he riety of her peoples; I have had prol lem after problem thrust foreibly upon my attention, from witchcraft to the latest refinements of lrplu-d sclence, from prehistoric archaeology to mcdern politics.” The four territories of East Africa are Uganda, Kenya, Tanganyika and Zanzibar, and Mr. Huxley visited them all, with “even a dash into the easternmost part of the Belgian Congo.” * x x % Some parts of “Africa View” are of specifically British interest, as the dis- cussion of indirect, or native, rule, but most of the chapters appeal to any one of international interests. There are ‘The Forests of Kenya Mountain, Kikuyu Market” and “Volcanoes and Flamingoes.” The Kikuyu Market, at Karatina, Kenya Colony, was a scene of picturesque native activity, for the experimental zoology in the | YOU Kikuyus have the bargaining tempera- ment and love to haggle. Markets are held at a number of places in the Re- serve once or twice a week, and crowds swarm to these places. The market place is merely an open space, either in the open country or close to & settle- ment. There are no stalls, and the 8000s are exposed on the bare ground or hung on strings between posts. Each kind of s:rods has its own section, and the ven squat near their wares. Here is the firewood section, for the wealthy, for firewood is scarce since the wasteful deforestation practiced by the Kikuyus in shifting their areas of cul- tivation frequently. The salt depart- ment is nearby, where a soda-salt from the salt lakes is sold. Then there is the tobacco quarter—very ul -where is especially in demand and is measured on a small coin plece. The goat section introduces a hint of the cattle fair., The sections for foodstuffs (millet, maize, beans, peas, sweet pot: toes, taro and sugar cane predominate), cloth and personal adornments, such as beads, rings, belts, forehead straps, ear- rings and colls of wire for winding around the legs, are patronized chiefly by the women. t strikes one most at a Kikuyu market is its wonderful orderliness. The market-place is as ac. tive as an ant-hill; it seethes with hi manity, coffee-coloured human beings talking, laughing, bargaining, picking their way through squatting forms and over heaps of in and vegetables. ‘There were no Europeans about, and I could not see any native policemen, and yet there was no quarrelling, not even a squabble or an unseemly MLM voices, in any of the three mar- kets I saw.” * ko x Scientific research in econnection with tropical diseases and the educa- tion of natives in hygiene and med- ical care especially interested Mr. Hux- ley. In the chapter on “The Tsetse y” he describes the various methods e }:o dl-lub; 'gl.h vleluu: ‘Wwhic one of ?n(m g far Jfi‘m lu’n afi not breed in coun and - curses s of Bas tivation. gf attatk certain precautions with natives and take to ire it (and therefore fly) shall not reinvade the: cleared area. Or you can destroy the fly in a certain area, without neces- sarily destroying the bush, and between fly-free and fly-infested regions in & barrier that will prevent the insect ting across again. To accom- plish these effectively must _know as much as possible about the habits of your fly; mu must know as much mnfle ut the habits of your , and you must be able to control the habits of your natives.” This does not easy. ‘Some of the things which influence the problem seem to the un- informed very remote—for example, the methods of the natives in collectin; the honey of bees.m.Haw ona‘::lefll hel to e an- om’: hmv his annthilation is a story in _itself. “Who would have thought that sleeping sickness control involved the improvement of native bee-kee, Medical, veterinary, agricultural, geological, and udmi:xl’:tn 1ve officers in find themselves perf duties not at all m flelds, be- cause in the fight against tropical diseases everything is interlocking. R The Vikings are supposed to have layed a , perhaps only mythical, ipn ¥yur A::;rfi‘un history. Burlnl the the reach of their picturesque ships. Sometimes they established colonies, as in England snd Normandy; some- times their incursions were merely for booty. A history of this period of the Vikings, which also describes-the origin |and growth of the of civilization which prevailed, is “Viking Civilization,” by Axel Olrik, revised after the author's death by Hans Ellekilde. The interac- tion of Viking and Celtic civilizations in Jreland, where a Danish kingdom was established, is described in an interes ing chapter. *x % x Henry James, son of Willlam James and nephew of the novelist Henry James, has written the biography of “Charles W. Eliot, President of Harvard University, 186! 9.” One of most interesting anecdotes in the blog- raphy is connected with the early days of the young president in office. The Harvard Medical School was good for its time, but President Eliot thought that it was not good enough and began imme- diately planning changes, which of course the old faculty resented. One of their number inquired truculently, “How is it that this faculty has gone on in the same orderly path for 80 years, and now, Within three or four months, it is pro- rond to change all our modes for carry- ng on the school?” The gauntiet was promptly picked up by the serious young man who presided. He said: “I can answer the question very easily. There is & pew president.” * kK X A Dutch duck and a Dutch mouse find a gulden stuck in the mud and rush off to Op-Zoom to See what they can buy. The mouse acquires & plump golden cheese and the duck selects a tasty small fish, which he swallows ac- cidentally before he reaches home. The cheess rolls away from the mouse and arrives home first, where it is sitting on the doorstep awaiting its owner. Such is the merry tale told in “To Market! To Market,” by Emma L. Brock, for children from 4 to 7 years of age. * X ¥ % Again burrowing among old legends, John Erskine has brought forth Cinder- | ella, Griselda, Beauty and the Beast, Lady Godiva, the Sleeping Beauty and Jack and the Beanstal his volume “Cinderella’s Daughter,” a collection of tales. The stories are lmudy 1in spots, have a mixed atm and realism and illustrate the strained eatire which Mr. Erskine has chosen as his typical style, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS -~ " BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. ‘The resources of our free Informa- tion Bureau are at your service. You are invited to call upon it as often as Please. It is being maintained solely to serve you. What question can we answer for you? There is no charge at all except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address your letter to The Evening Star Information Bu- reau, Frederic J. Haskin, Washington, D. C. . When will the National Air Races 1d?—J. H. Q. be hel . B, A. The 1931 National Air Races will be held in Cleveland, Ohlo, from August 29 to tember 6. Q. How many balls are used in a major league base ball game’—A. R. A. About aix dozen. Q. How large is an atom?—F. H. A. An atom is about one-hundred- millionth of an inch in diameter. It is estimate ! that a drop of water contains several thousand million million million atoms. pi River per mile?—G. MCM. . e source of ‘the Mississippl River §s 1,670 feet above sea level, Just above the junction with the Leech River. the Mississippi falls 20 feet in onc-sixth of & mile. At the Falls of St. Anthony it descends about 65 feet in three-quar- ters of a mile. From the Falls of St. Anthony to the mouth of the Ohio, the average descent js a little less than 6 inches to the mile, while below that point to the Gulf the average is approx- imately 3 inches to the mile. Q. When gangsters kill an enemy of their kind, why do they place a nickel or a dime ir his hand?—D. M. A. The small coin placed in this way is the gangster's symbol of how cheaply they estimate their victim. Q. What is a fixed trust?—C. 8. A. Ina fixed trust, the trustees have no leeway in managing the trust. Cer: tain definite specifications must be fol- lowed. In a management trust, the trust may be managed eccording to the dis- cretion of the trustee. Q. What is the lowest recorded baro- metric reading?—I. H. E. A. The Weather- Bureau says that the lowest pressure of which it has ree- ord is 7.4 millimeters, or .201 inch, This pressure was recorded in & sounding bal- loon ascent at Avalon, Calif., on July 30, 1913, at a height of 32, meters, or 107,095 feet, or approximately 20.3 miles, Q. How much do all kinds of gov- ernment in the United States cost a year and how does present cost com- gu;e{ l;vm: before-the-war years?— A. The Natlonal Industrial Confer- ence Board says: “Gross expenditures of all governmental divisions in the United States, including payments for interest and debt redemption, amounted to more than $12,600.000,000 for the fiscal year ended in 1928. This was an I;l;nm' of u:&wmd or about 3.5 cent, over the ing year and of $9,690,000.000, or more !hln’eloo T :;nlt,.’!!oz 15-year period from 1913 Q. How long is ’°X» '_th ’;4, nz 1t moonlight at the g e Naval Observatory sa; at the Pole itself the mog\ ’l’.lg:: the horizon continuously during one- Highlights on t Q. Mississi, A, What I the average fall of the ! half of lunar mon the. Borison eomtimuoual . dorine e other half. In the Wintertime full moon occurs when the moon is above the |horizon and new moon when it s be- |low, while in Summertime new meon occurs when ft is above the horizon |and 1l moon when it is below. % | { Q. Please descril . e lescribe & totem pole. director, | A | A The totem pole s a pole used |among North American mufi‘l’m ex- | hibit the totem figures. The totem pole |is composed %rmclpslly of half-human, ‘r;lt‘lnlmlblo mrgn.hulhd above one other, above which appears - ticular totem or .mnbnl.m” k| Q. Is there & statue of Prof. 8. P, Langley in the hsonian Institue un:?;% NE e o4 5 ere is not, but there com- memorative tablet of him ther‘: * Q. How man; teeth Ve M y teeth does & dog have? A. It has 42 permanent teeth, Q. How long did it take Leo Da Vinel to paint the “Last Saprer s A. About two years. It was painf between 1496 and 1498 on the eg: w“ildl of the refectory the ican Convent of Saint Maria delle Grazie at Milan. It was originally executed on a badly prepared stucco-ground snd be- Ban to deteriorate a few years after its completion. It has been restored at least four times, and it is now believed that it will suffer no further injury. Q. Who financed the Lin - {con tn ngm::;o?-—z. P. T , acon is the gift of the 1 Elmer Sperry, who de\'hg it as a n:e': morial to Col. Charles A. Lindbergh's fiight in 1927. The expenses of instal- lation and maintenance will be borne by the owners of the building upon which it is placed. Q. When were the games of euction ;z_ri%g!xnnd contract” first played?a on of of A. Auction bridge eriginstad in In- dia. 'The first record of it i found in a_letter, published in the Londen Times, January 16, 1903, outlining the game and referring to it as “the new game of auction bridge for three playe ers.”” The Bath Club made it & ?our- handed game and in 1907 the Port, land Ciub took it up. The first Amey- ican code of laws of auction m was issued by the New York Club in 1910. Contract bridgs back to 1913 or 1914. In nls“z New York Whist Club considered cade ifying its laws, but decided um°=. game was not settled enough for set rules, Q. When will Loeb and Leopold en:;b!;b!or parole.—G. 5. o . e sentences pronounced Loeb and Leopold by Judge Caverly life !mg:i‘xnoument. for the murder Bobby k, with 99 years' im| ment for kidna) , were coupled & recommendation that the eriminals mnquld "fi be_paroled. . President Lincoln wrof letter of condolence to a Mrs. iy 1t a fact that all her sons were in for the Civil War?—H. T. T. A W. E. Barton 18 au the "T,'f.f}"“‘ dflm President was misinformed. Mrs. Bixby had five sons, but they were not all in the Army, snd of b o ¥ - those that were, not all he Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands OLITIKA, Belgrade. — Accor in ol Sepirs, e Y 533 e etivity, P the 2, while 38 suicides-.afd h{”" al:m tion of the. police. & 4 operations 3 led on the same scale in the rural® , there was a discernible increase there, too, in such unwholesome phenomena, and the ATy not sound ‘easy and in experience it is Macedonia Is Siberia Of Twentieth Century. La Macedoine, Geneva torially published) —Macedonia is.the Siberia of the twentieth century, No- body in Macedonia dare-fhink ef polit- dcal rights-any more than of legal pro- tection, Those who ex'g:m die by the bullets or the blows of gendarmerie. 1t is by lashes of the whip and shocks of the rifie-butt that the Serbian au- thorities would ingratiate their “liber- ated” brethren, the Macedonians, and win their fealty to the fatherland, Serblal If one is even sus| dreaming of Macedonis as an independ- ent state, that dim hope alone is suffi- clent for the outlawry of the person entertaining it. The inhabitants, even in the country district, drag out their existences under a virtual reign of ter- ror, never knowing for what imaginary political offenses they will be made to answer next. In reality, Macedonians are treated by Serbian officials not as racial brothers, but as a conquered and subjugated people. B Russians Making Strides in Agriculture. Soviet Economis Review, Moscow. —Mrs. Ethel Ely Pattison, the well known American seed analysi and di- rector of the International Seed Serv- ice, describes some of her recent expe- riences in the Soviet Union thus: “My interest in agriculture from both an American and Russian angle led me to take & trip to the sviet Union last Summer. Having had an active con- (Bxterri- the | tact with Russia for 20 years through my specialty, seeds, 1 knew that Amer- ica had supplies which the U. S. 8. R.| needed and had been buying, and that America needed supplies of seed which were produced in the Soviet Union. But my trip was scientific and investiga- tional and not commercial. “The meeting of the Second Interna- tional Congress of Soil Scientists in Leningrad gave me the opportunity to make the trip with other American delegates. However, I did not stay with this group except in Leningrad and Moscow. 1 spent many weeks as a lone traveler in most of the republics of the Soviet Union, going as far as Tashkent, in Central Asia, and by & route seldom used even by the Russians themselves —hardly at_all by foreign travelers. Everywhere I received the same warm hospitality and co-operation. It never varied in_kindliness. and helpfulness, whether those I consulied were execu- tives, administrators, peasants or scien- tists, Everything was done for my com- fort and work, and while living in some places was extremely difficult for an American, I always knew I was getting and the best to be had. “Any one with a knowledge of Rus- sian history, and (;rflrrmouu ‘economic conditions, is ama: at_the Erocreu made in recent years. What is being!| done in agriculture amounts to com- pletely changing the diet of a hu country. Where the people have ways subsisted on cabbage soup, black bread and tea, they are now being taught to raise and eat fresh vegetables. It is mericans to realize the exten ing and hence to app: done. the unt late what has b and to mental station, other in all Sejle; o8 for w 'm simple 1mi oRk . 1o f 7| e S o e s ve e outside mhu:m& ‘the mii- mense and equfvment in the last year.” knows just how or when it but it lives and grows neverthel :'4' gen suddenly manifests lueltl"ba!m e eyes of men as a Colossus. The good applaud 1t; the bad condemn it. intrinsic merit has its mfluen:rov‘:'r i whether they are good or bad. 3 In the austere days of the count these amiable human qualities wi are called virtues, and the sum of them ‘merit,” speak with low and mx voice, but they are always heard!’ o m;‘et pogl;lnl‘rily is not always bullt on etimes men and Ships Find e ips Powdered More Efficient Than LE:: Type. El Mercurio, Santiago. — Chilea steamers are using over zn.orfo tons of powdered coal annually, all of which is derived from the mines of the Tepub- He. This type of fuel Tepresents a 30 ]per cent increase in efficiency over the ump coal formerly used. Unfortunate- ly, as yct all Chilean steamships have Tot. the necessary installations for burn~ h}g Iverized fuel. As more and more. of , however, adopt the required 'e:g‘lmvgarenk ut'hie consumption of Chilean g ing industry and to th at large. Two of the most &m T;vuueh»ol Chile's merchant marine, the no n%duv.he .?::n:;su-& in service be- nOw using this type of ey O & Deporting M i or Prom the Providence Jflum?l.Mlens' According to a current: announcement of the Department of Labor, there are in this country at the present time about 100,000 aliens illegally in resi- dence. They came in the d sallors, taking advantage of th’gx‘fn:'hl:t presence in port to bid a permanent {arewell to seafaring life, By orders of the department, these erstwhile sailors are to be rounded up.e; fll;"cg‘untxies of t,hell:' ol:{‘gl::n‘ kP a commendab] tivit; | part of the bep‘rtmexl\et o‘f l:bzr%; the steady purpose. of the Nation is to restrict more rigidly. the entry of aliens coming through legal channels inte United States, it is imperative that g aim of the quota system shall not be nullified even ‘an:uy by the unlawful surreptitious entrance of other The deportation order of the depart- ment. is refreshing evidence that the Federal au ties are doing all they can to falfill their promise to send hack %o their native lands those aliens in ce who are now neces- \seyere' competitors with citizens and legal for jobuDeln a period of business " tion of 100,000 so-called sailors, accom the double objective of - ‘manding respect for both the letter and spirit of the immigration laws and wof creating a economi !or:hme'hnhlnnfllmo to live in this country. B