Evening Star Newspaper, April 23, 1931, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY.......April 23, 1831 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company 11t 81, "Ahd Pennevivania Ave Biovean_ Ofice 14 Resent: .. London: ngland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evening Star... 45¢ per month and B i ays| days -60c per month T nday ‘$ia w +...85¢ per month The Sunday Star = . sc per copy Coliection made at the end ‘of each menth rders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000, Isle of Pines, and perhaps & scoré|book she wrote in 1917, has at lesst| of others in Cuba proper. These|pointed the way. In a 20,000-word re- | numbers have been fairly constant for | view and opinion, Judge Woolsey termed years. The excessively low wage scale ! the suit “preposterous” and ordered the prevalling in Cuba, to say nothing ol,eclu. involving counsel fees and the economic depression from which amounting in all to $17,500, assessed the island, with the rest of the against the plaintiff. He rebuked the world, is suffering, is a factor designed plaintiff for having succumbed to an to deprive the island of attractiveness “obsession.” for Japanese workers in quest of better | Miss Lewys may have been sincere in conditions than exist in their own her beliefs, which were obviously ridicu- country. |lous. But too often such plaintiffs are The United States has no reason to actuated either through the motives of question. the desirability of Japanese- | blackmail or from love of the resulting Cuban diplometic and commercial inter- | publicity. Authors are not the only course. Is it a certainty that our | victims, Members of the various pro- THIS AN BY CHARLES E. i Old books achieve their greatest charm when they are devoted to gar- dening. The older a garden book is the great- er its appeal to many of us. Its information may be obsolete, but we get real pleasure from reading about ‘ flowers once popular. If an old book gives quaint garden | practice, no longer in favor, the flavor of the work is enhanced. D THAT . TRACEWELL. ‘The gardener who clears his mind, therefore, of any particular idea of receiving either information or profit from gardening manuals will be in the best position to enjoy them. Profit and loss is too much with us, after all. The wheels of everything, not only of industry, whirr to their music. We tend to whirl with them. ‘The man who clears his mind and he occasionally of this universal segacious friends in the Tokio govern- ment would never countenance anything so obtuse as the circumvention of our inept exclusion law by bootlegging Jap- Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virg™ 1. Daily and Sund: 1 0.00: 1 mo.. 85¢ 5 = and Sunday. I mo. ALy onty 130 4600 1 mo: doc ! indas only anese into this country through Cuba. I1yr. $4.00:1mo.. 40c | Service on Juries. | Justice Proctor is, of course, right in pointing out that jury service is a pub- {lic duty that should be welcomed, and | not shunned, by intelligent citizens, and All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sund 1yr. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 Daily only ... .3 1mo.. 53¢ s 00 Sunday only $5.00: 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of ws d credited to it or not otheiwise ¢ < paper and also the local ein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved perior knowledge and experience fit the disposition of the more technical cases, ofien are the very ones who use every available plea to escape that serv- ice. But the question is not often de- cided by a choice between a public duty and selfish interests. In this day and generation the loss of a day or more The New Traffic Rules. The first day with the new restricted parking regulati which went into effect yesterday morning, was marked in the afternoon by one of the heaviest traffic jams in the history of the city. ‘The two conditicns, however, were in no way related, although many motor- ists, eager to criticize zny change in traffic regulation, laid the blame for the congestion squarely at the door of the Traflic Bures:. There were four dis- tinct factors 1 yesterday's congestion. These were a reception at the White House, a fire on Seventeenth street, a heavy rain and the normal rush hour trafic which was augmented in s:me degree by additional parkers below the Avenue. jury service are not worthy and are put In some quarters dissatisfaction has | forward as mere excuses founded on no been expressed with the establishment | legitimate grounds, the power to com- of 7ones for parking and the abolition | Pl Service lies with the court alone. of angle parking. This criticism had | When there are legitimate reasons for made itself apparent even before the [NOt Serving, the individual who is ex- congestion cf yesterday. It should be |Cused cannot be blamed. realized, however, that the changes| One Of the questions studied by the have. been ordered after more than a | cOmmission of the bench and bar au- year's study of the entire traffic situa- | thorized by Congress to investigate and tion and that Washington has long | !0 initiate better methods in the local since grown up to “long trousers” in a | courts concerns the choice of jurors, traffic way and should therefore bring itself into uniformity with practices in other cities of the same category. serious economic proportions. The chief | reason why men seck to escape jury service is that they cannot afford to donate their time to the State. Sitting {on a jury is an interesting as well as a valuable experience. There would be | more candidates if they had the time. But in conncetion with that it is wrong to avold jury service, it |temains that the individual whose name is drawn can only be excused by the court. If proper investigation re- veals that the pleas offcred to escape system in nearby Baltimore. Through an arrangement there every talesman Unquestionably, the regulations bring | @Pears in court for a private intervie inconvenience and discomfort to some. | With one of the judges. The judge, by That is inevitable with the enforcement | MeANS of the interview, is able to de- of any rule promulgated for the public | lermine the person’s fitness for jury welfare. Much of the protest centers| duty and learns of his ability to serve arcund the ban on parking in a small ! without the imposition of undue hard- zone up to nine-thirty o'clock in the | *hiP. The talesman is also invited to morning. This regulation is a frank at- | designate the time of year when jury tempt on the part of the city heads to , Service would be most convenient, a do away with the all-day parker who | Practical concession in itaelf that solves “gets away with it” more often than he | many difficulties at the outset. The is caught and selfishly utilizes curb DAmes of those eligible for selection are space to the exclusion of others who | €ard indexed and filed, thus establish- theoretically have the same rights as | 10§ & ready means of reference when he. Besides that, it promotes a freer | Questions later arise as to the tales- flow of rush-tour traffic. | man’s eligibility. Every precaution is No city can turn over its curb -leL'el‘ taken to eliminate wasted time in court to those who drive to work in the early | fOF the jurors. A precedure has been morning and leave their cars parked ina | Perfected whereby the selection of ju- congested section, not. to use them again | FOFS 15 given the careful attention that until they drive home et night. For|SUCh &n important part of the legal shoppers, for business men and for those | Machinery deserves. who must use their cars during the| In Washington the lst of eligibles is day, the reasonable one-hour parking | Mmit is i effect and in this respect | e decisions regarding what consti- alone Washington is fortunate that it| Wes & “contract” with the Govern- can still permit this use of parking | MeNt. But the remaining portion of the space which other cities have long since | POPulation, while it may be relatively fcund necessaty o prohibit. smoll, is large enough for all practical When all the new regulajions go into | PUrPoses. The recc:ymendations regard- effect, including the _change to the iNE New methods in orthodox left turn and rules of the road, | here will be awaiteg with interest. Washington will be thoroughly in con- | = b ;«::nlrty ‘!;th na!ion-llyl:clcejzlud princi- | How Did It Happen? or the proper control of congested traffic, smndtrdspelhn'. have been rcolvedr ," e i N0k through' hiapkissard “methors but’gneermg authcrities of the municipal through study by experts in all wru‘,[nvernment will order an immediate of the United States. Conditions natu- | ., T0USh investigation of the col- rally change from year to year and the | accepted practices of today might be | obsolete in 1932, but it is dificult to | find fault with measures which can command the approval of those who devote themselves to the study of the | ever-perplexing traffic problem, Even the dizmond trade has its vicissitudes when every abdication | threatens to flood th® market with crown je i on the Rootevelt High School during the moderately heavy windstorm last night. And it is as important that as thoroughly an explanatory report to gation. | forty miles an hour, according to | contractor and the subcontractor. It | might be explained by the fact that !some of the truss beams had been loosely bolted, merely held in place United States certain supcivisory temporarily until the rivet work would fluence in Cuba’s foreign relations, we begin and the bracing c-mpieted, And naturally are concerned in the establish- the loss, of course, will have to ment of diplomatic intercourse between borne by the contractors. the island republic of the Caribbean | But it is seriously to be doubted and the isdand empire of Japan. without waiting for the opinion of the Provided for by an exchange of rates experts, that properly prepared between Havana and Toklo in December, werk is going to collapse in a gust of 1929, s are about to be wind, whether or not the job had been formally inaugurated through the open- finished ing of a Cuban legation in Japan. Washington takes more than ordin interest in that event because Cuba’s of the steelwork inve 'd in the accomplished and astute Ambassador In vill either have to be discarded or this Capital, Dr O es Ferrara, has tested again to preclude the possibility been accredited as Minister to Japan. of hidden damage. And if shoddy or He has just started for Tokio to present careless work accounted for the col- his credentials. After leaving the loga- lapse, every precaution should be taken tion to be conducted by a charge d'af- to prevent future shoddy careless oo o Cuba and Japen. With the Platt amendment giving the n- steel- these r body's moncy. It is probable that all or {it is well known that thcse whose su- ! them best for jury service, especially in | | from attending to business may assume | the theory | 1 and much attention has been given the | | cut at the outset by a number of hair- | selecting juries | lapse of part of the steel structure work | the public should follow the Investi- | The failure of the steelwork to with- | stand a windstorm that did not exceed | | Weather Bureau reports, might be con- | | sidered a private affair between the | Those twisted and bent steel | beams represent a good deal of some- | wreck | faires, Dr. Ferrara will resume his post in this country The Platt amendment in s upon Cuba tife obligation to enter into no compact with a foreign that rdependence. The which passed between power notes work District of Columbia inspectors have an cffice on the construction site, and ery step in the work s subject to their official approval. The windstorm was an act of God. but the public must be authoritatively assured that the re- ev mainder of the building is being con- structed with such contingencies in mind. the Hav and Tokio governments a year and a half ago were intended to take the place of a commercial ty ard extend reciprocity. At the time the notes were exchanged some skeptical eyebrows were raised in this country relative to their first article The two countries thereln agrce to G “accord reciprocally to Japanese sub- Plagiarism Suits. jects and Cuban citizens, respectively, Neatly every suthor who wins literary liberty in entering and residing in the! fame is subject to plagiarism suits, in- | territories of Cuba and Japan.” 1t was stituted by those with either an actual feared, in fome quarters, that under this or a pretended grievance. An actual arrangement Japanese might, aéter a grievance, however, does not necessarily | period of domicile in Cuba, contrive to mean an actual case of plagiarism, but | enter the United States in contravention merely the sincere belief that one's| of our immigration restrictions sgainst ideas have been stolen, which is a com- Asiatics » . mon enough delusion. The author often On the eve of his departure from gets the worst of it, not from adverse ‘Washington this week, Ambassador Per- ccurt decisions, but from the worry and | rara explained that mutual immigration expense that threats or suits entatl' facilities had in fact existed, as between Some of these take the form of black- Cuba and Japen, for years previous to mail. the formal pact of 1929, and Tesulted in| There may be nothing to do about it, — In Reno every home-town booster | it now expecied to put his shoulder to the rculeit: wheel - 1o influx whatever of Japanese into but Federal Judge Woolsey, presiding in Cuba. At present there are about one a suit against Eugene O'Nelll, accused bhundred and fifty Japanese employed by Miss Georges Lewys of having taken es fruit plantation laborers in the the play, “Strange Interlude,” from a 4 fessions, especlally physicians, have to ! contend with the same sort of attack. | If every crank or schemer were given | to understand at the outset that filing ia suit would be followed by trial, with 1an ample assessment of costs to follow an adverse decision, there would be | fewer suits filed and the temptation | thus to seek cheap notoriety would be effectively curbed. An amendment to the copyright law, suggested by Representative La Guardia of New York, would permit an au- thor, in filing a sworn affidavit denying a charge of plagiarism, to make a mo- tion at the same time to compel the plaintiff to file security for payment of costs and counsel fee. As it now is, the author cannot retaliate by a suit for libel, and even if assessed, the costs cannot always be collected from the plaintiff. e As a political epicure France shows a liking for “pre-war stuff” in its eco- nomic ideals. Without admitting a desire for ren:wed conflict, that country proceeds to save up money under the influence of anclent impressions that Europe can never be quite sure as to what may happen Wall Street students no longsr regard a decline in the stock market as any: thing to be greatly regretted. As pros- perity advances, the stock ticker con- tinues to offer occasional reminders that the public may still find a few bargains available. 4 ——eo—s - Advertising is credited with being the great power in modern business. The manufacturer’s responsibility in- creases with the publicity he emplo His goods must be worthy of th: con- fidence Wwhich his announcements demand. In mapping out a campaign, question | is likely to arise as to whether the| Wickersham report did not cover both | sides of the prohibition issue so thor- | oughly that in order to prevent apathy | |new topics will have to be introduced. | ——o—e i Soviet Rissia desires to be recognized | |in commercial relationship. It is nat% altogether mercenary, being wiMing, | while offering high prices for tangible | goods, to pass out Communism to the | entire world free of charge. | e — Great. fortunes have been generously | applied to the establishment of free libraries, which assist in distributing | litérature unfavorable to thé influence |on society exerted by cepital. ————s | Latin is classified as a dead language | Latin American politics declines to sub- | side into discussions of classic dignity, o - | | King Carol's plans to become a dic- |tator show a rather impetuous desire | for promotion. ———a SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Liberator Approaches. ©Oh, Mr. Van Duzer, Each motor car user Awaits to hear what you will say. Our lamps we'll keep burning. New rules we'll be learning And no one will walk a la Jay. ©Oh, Mr. Van Duzer, It's now up to you, sir, To keep all the traffic correct, New rules we're applying, Experiments trying, From which you'll be free to select. Oh, Mr. Van Duzer, You won't be the loser, If you will at last see us through The foot crossing's marking And problems of parking. ©Oh, Mr. Van Duzer, please do! | —t | The Cheery Start. “Do you have to change your style in der to crate over the ridio?” “Only the first few words of the | speech,” answered Senator Sorghum. | “Instead of beginning with ‘Friends | | and Fellow Citizens, I open up with | ‘Hello, Everybody't” | | or Jud Tunkins says life is not as po- | lite as formerly. A crook doesn't even take the trouble to get chummy and | put up a confid-nce game. asy Resting Place. How en has a monarch known A way new grief to win! He pins his hopes upon a throne And then sits on the pin. of No More Shoeting on Sight. “What has become of old | desperadocs who used to give warning | that they wculd shoot on sight?” | “They have reformed,” announced Cactus Jce. Have they lost their nerve?” “You might put it that way. Bad { licker has been so plenty that there irn’t an optic nerve left in the crowd.” those | Desirable Program. The gangsters go upon “the spot,” C mpelled by th> e-mmander. ‘They shoot each cth=r now, and not The innocent bystander. ide and Folly ride recklessly,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “The patient philosopher walks and vainly hopes his wisdom will keep him from being run over.” Startled Listeners. When Einstein tells of Hollywood, The folks around his neighborhood Will ask, “Is this & story true, Or just a theory brand new? “Scme of dem kings dat had to give up thrones,” said Uncle Eben, “gits to be so much like ordinary folks dey think dey's lucky if dey gits a seat in a street car.” luded Somewhere. Prom the Milwaukee Sentinel. No use getting discouraged. If you music of the whirling wheels will be in The appeal of all old books is here, | o better position to Jisten to the smal with a peculiar one added, that of time- | voices which still chirp their music to lessness. waiting ears. There is no subject more timeless| This applies with peculiar force to than that of gardening, none in which | books, which are—or at least ought to the passage of time counts for so little. Though tan- }with a capital “B" Gardening, as practiced in small or large places comes down through the centuries, What men did once, in relation to eir flowers, is of interest still The variety of roses they preferred in davs gone by gives the amateur of today scmething of & thrill as he reads. | Here is Gen. Jacqueminot. great- | great-great-grandfather of today's tri- umpbant rose sisters, Radiance and Red | Radiance. | How interesting to run aeross their parentage as presented in this old work | and to realize that rosarians of today are linked so closely with the rosarians of yesteryear! the ook % g | He who reads garden literature for information alone is making a serious mistake. Tndeed. one may question whether any reading done for profit solely is not a | mistake. | We have known several very inter- esting persons who insisted on reading in_this fashion The appearance of a book meant nothing to them. Its age was & matter of no concern. Its binding might be of leather, cloth or paper; it made no difference to them, Even the name of the author made no difference! All they desired wa what the book could give them: Usually they demanded tangible re- | turns, which they. in kind, could turn into money for themsel Such people, no matter how interest- ing or estimable, cannot be sald to be booklovers. That glorious title ‘{s not for them. Call them successful, if you will; bright, witty or clever, but do not add that they are booklovers. No. he who loves books finds every feature of them interesting in their own right, just as the real lover of roses discovers matter for speculation in the thorns and interest in fighting the vari- ous pests and diseases which afflict his bushes. The Booklover—and let us write it knows instinctively the names of his authors. It would not be possible for him to select a volume without instinctively looking at the name of the author, both on the cover and cn the title page. He is that rare bird, he who reads prefaces. No matter how many thou- sands of prefaces or introductions the superficial reader may skip, the Book- lover reads every one of them, solemr and sedately, before he enters into the book itself. Has the author not put the preface there to be read, and would it not be showing disrespect for him to omit this necessary bit of reading? Contrary to popular ideas. many prefaces are highly interesting. The hundreds of thousands of readers of Axel Munthe's “Story of San_ Michele” know how good prefaces can be. | be—things of the spirit. || est_cats like nice gardens. gible things in themselves and of tre- mendous interest in that right, books are among the most evanescent produc- ticns of mankind. Music alone can compete with them on the basis of intangibility. A melody, played by a master violinist, is no soon- er gone, when ended, than a good book, fresh from the mind of u master writer, isappears upon reading. These characters, these hits of scen- el these emotions, these actions and actions, now disappear with the closing | of the last page. They are as if they had never been, In a sense, but in an- other abide firmly jn the mind and heart of the reader. That is why few motion pictur objective in character, succeed in meeting the approbation of the best readers. For out of a book they have made, with the author's co- operation, a new boox of their own, ok ok ¥ So must the reader of old garden books enjoy them for themselves, for their quaintness, as we call it, making a new book of his own out of this old one which the author and publisher furnish. He will smile delightedly at the chap- ter devoted to “Garden Animals.” Waen he saw this title in the index he rather Sus) ted thai the author could have no love for cats. Nor he. “The worst animal in the garden fs the domestic cat.” solemnly avers our author, “It would seem that a well kept garden has a peculiar interest for these brutes.” Surely the author knows his cats, even if he does not give them credit for their taste. It is true that all hon- And they prefer them for precisely the same rea- scns their owners do, that they are good gardens. Cats, unlike faithful Rovers, duly appreciate the of & good zardcn. The bet is, the better they like cleaner a bedspread is, the more they prefer to lie upon it ‘The softest, easiest chair in the house Is none too good for honest Tom; sim- ilarly, he knows a propeily cared for garcen when he sees one, and will come blocks to visit it. Hence garden owners should feel complimented when cats come around. The slight damage they. may do Is quickly remedied by Mother Nature. who understands the ways of cats, and knows thelr trespasses arc more easily handled than the rough damage done by careless and indifferent dogs. This is but one example, found in an Fidos and fine points r garden it old garden book. picked up on a book- | stand. That it was printed n England many years ago, and speaks familiatly of Kew Gardens, is one of its main charms. Collect old garden books, rather than | new ones, if you want sheer enjoyment. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From A PRESNA, Buenos Aires.—This capital possesses a tnique his- trionic enterprise in the Teatro Infantil Labarden. which has flourished nearly 20 years. In it children in the elemeniary and primary grades learn all the arts and methods of the drama, originally for the pur- pose of providing pageants and bal- lets for the entertainment of other feast days, and other important occa- sions. ‘The little actors and actresses study their lines and rehezrse their parts and dances after their school routine is over. The natiye songs, music and | primitive reels dre especially stressed, though neither modern nor classical performances are neglected. Many of the children trained in music and the drama in the Teatro Infantil Labarden | have shown such proficiency that they have been graduated to the stages of the principal theaters in Buenos Alres and Argentina as well as abroad. ® ey Poultry Industry Cuts Cuban Import Figures. Cuba Importadora, Cuba is no longer dependent on her tobacco and sugar for economic success s revealed in the fact that im- ports of eggs from the United States decreased from $2,292.198 in the first 10 months of 1927, to only $183,880 for the corresponding 10 months of 1930. The reduction in imports is primarily due to the successful establishment of the Cuban poultry industry. The cul- tivation of gardens produce has also greatly increased. * % % ¥ Mexico Studies Method To Preserve Works of Herran. El Universal, Mexico City. — The ministry of national education is study- ing a method for restoring and preserv- ing the oil paintings of Don Saturnio Herran, a_ famous Mexican artist, a considerable number of which have been recently acquired by the govern- ment_and placed in the central art school of the capital. Due either to the pigments used in the paints or to combinations of these colors and ma- terials which have occasioned chemical reactions, the pictures are fading and deteriorating until some of them are almost indistinguishable. ~Experts so far have advised only retouching, which it is feared will lead to no permanent reparation. ewsp Havana. — That * ook % Home Painting By Children Praised. | Le Matin, Paris—It is a charming | !icea which has thought to ask pupils in the schools to design the “house | of their dreams.” For to dream of a | house when cne is small is to invoke | the best visions of a bright and happy home, in its form. attributes and situa- tion. And the child visioning such a | house of its dreams is a little more certain eventually to attain to such a delightful domicile. plannings and conceptions serve to give definite aim to their efforts and ambitions, and to chart their lives over a more cleer, a more lovely and a more worthy course. It is in brief, an| epitome of patriotism; a concrete ap- plication of energy toward an ideal. The more our lives unfold, the more we like to go traveling. But long jour- neys demand for their enjoyment the vigor and activity of youth. We should not, in our more volatile age, forget | the sedentary epoch sure to come with ' more advanced years, when we can no longer get about with such pleasures and facility. When we are older prefer the peace and quiet and rest- fulness of our homes, and fortunate are we then indeed if ‘we can pass the remainder of our lives in the houses that we dreamed about when we were only 10 years old. ; * % ¥ x Labor Absorbs Vast Army of Potential Workers. The Evening Times, Glasgow.— An estimate of the number of scholars who | leave the elementary schools of London | each year places the figure at 50,000, | and so far as the latest statistics show | the percentage of that potential work- | Such innocent apers of Other Lands on their teachers for advice, apply care committees or send in applications for posts through the ministry of labor. These four avenues led in 1928 to nearly 98 per cent of the pupils being placed in employment within a very short time after leaving school. Even during the past two years, when the industrial de- pression steadily worsened, those who did not find work were comparatively few in number. tion, of course, is & gradual one, as the youngsters leave school in groups at the end of each term. - ox % Chauffeurs Must Learn to Read and Write. El Tiempo, Bogota.—Tie government of the department (Cundinamarca) has tigned a decree validating the new ordinance with regard to the issuance of permits to chauffeurs. One provision is that no applicants will get licenses unless they can read and write. Those now holding licenses with no demerits |against them will be granted a provi- | sional permission to drive for 60 days, during which time they will be ex pected to acquire these arts. If at the end of 60 days they cannot fead and write, their licenses will be canceled. * x % % Citizens Protest Neglect of City Officials. Imparcial, Montevideo.—Various in- fractions of municipal ordinances are annoying the authorities, as they prop- erly should, but apparently without effecting the desired corrections. Every day we receive letters asking us to cail the attention of the city council to negligences and indifferences on the part of some citizens very distasteful to others. Among recent complaints 1s one which reports that on the Calle Guana, between the Avenidas Victoria and Patria, a house is being constructed which does not conform in its location to the building line of the other houses on the street. Just what the munic- ipal inspectors are hired for, when they do not discern an_impropriety of this sort, is not quite clear. At other operations on this same street, mortar and cement are being mixed right on the sidewalk, to the annoyance of peo- ple passing by, some of their clothing burned with lime, and splashed with sand and plaster. Others, instead of keeping rubbish and garbage in containers in the area- ways of their houses, throw this waste and litter indiscriminately into the thoroughfare, with no regard for other people’s health or comfort. These infractions of the building and sanitary ordinance should have the im- mediate attention of the authorities, for in some respects they are more im- portant than any other matters with which the municipality has to deal. The public can receive no benefit from measures not enforced, no matter what great potential good may lie in them. ———— Pan-American Highway. From the Albany Evening News. ‘T. H. MacDonald, chief of the Federal Bureau of Public Roads, has predicted that within five years a highway will be open to moiorists between the Panama Canal and the Rio Grande. The more roads connecting the United States with its Central and South American neigh- bors the better, and they ought to be opened as soon ‘s can be. Some day there will be a highway to | the Argeniine Republic, and we shall ride from our homes in our own cars. On May 1 a touring car and two trucks will hegin a jourpey from Seattle down the Pacific Coast, through Mexico and South America to Rio de Janeiro. Advocates of a pan-American highway and others {interested in assembling sclentific data are sponsoring this motor trip of 30,000 miles. It will be known as the Pan-American-Pacific Overland Expedition, and probably will consume two years. Perhaps within 5 or 10 years that will be a far easler journey and be made within a short space of time. We of to- day may yet make the journey by motor to South American countries, and tour- aren’t on the scroll of fame you can be | ing army which fails to secure almost | ists from there may come to learn more discovered in the telephone book. And, immediate employment is very small. about the people of this country and at the worst, you may be sure you're in Apart from the assistance given by their | all tha the censua parents, these boys and girls can call | will make for better under- 4 standing. just as the | to} The process of absorp- | vhom have had | By G. Gould Lincoln. ‘When blicans of the old school in Pennsylvania and New York begin to talk about the tariff's being too high, it is not unnatural to wonder what is happsning in the G. O. P. The other day Representative Snell of New York declared in a.speech in New York that the tariff had gone the limit in helght, with the implication that it had gone too high. And now Gen. W. W. Atter- bury, president of the Pennsylvania Rallroad, and until not very long ago Republican national committeeman for Pennsylvania, in a public speech takes 4 crack at the tariff system generally, asserting that high tariff walls, not only in this but in other countries, were ruining the commerce of the world. Is it to be supposed that the agitation for another and a downward revision of the tariff is to be pressed by regular Republicans as well as Progressives and by the Democrats in the coming Con- gress? Or will there just be a promise on the part of Republicans that if they are continued in power at the national election next year they will do some- thing about lowering the tariff? x ok oK x ‘The Smoot-Hawley tariff isn't any too popular today. It has been charged with bringing about a_ diminution of our foreign trade. Other countries have ralsed tariff walls of their own, or they have sought in other ways not to buy American goods to the extent they have done in the past, it is said. Of course, as long as the United States was the principal if not the sole e: ponent of a high protective tariff sys- tem, it worked well for the American industries, particularly when those in- dustries_were of the so-called “infant” class. But there is a belief growing up that unless America can sell her products abroad in very considerable quantities hard times are not likely to abate. At least that is the doctrine that is being preached by opponents of the Republican tariff law, * ok oxox Stanch defenders of tie tariff, how- ever, and there are still plenty of them despite the statements of Mr. Snell and Gen. At.erbury, insist that the domestic market is far more important to the American producer, whether farmer or industrial worker, than is the foreign trade. A lowering of the tariff rates, they say, will inevitably result in a flood of ' importations from European countries which may sweep American industries aside and result in a lower- ing of wages and living standards in this country. Anyway you look at it, the tariff problem today is a tough nut to crack. The revised and remade United States Tariff Commission 1s functioning and if it speeds up in the next few months it may bring about such revisions of the tariff as will lessen the demand for a new tariff law. There seems little prospect of the possibility of a tariff revision at the coming session of Congress, for many reasons. One of them is that a national election is at hand and Congress will be anxious to i get through its work as early as pos | sible for personal reasons of the mem- jbers, and another is that individual | members of Congress are not anxious to stir un the producers In their States :nnd district by new tariff legislation. Furthermore, it may be impossible to find a_combina fon of members of the next House and the next Senate which will stay hitched cn a general revision of the tariff. * ok ok * Gen. Atterbury in his address quoted at consid:rable length from a speech made in the West by Owen D. Young, head of the General Electric board. and declared that the remarks of Mr. Young | jon economic questions were worthy of credenc:. Mr. Young has been men- | tioned frequently for the Democratic presidential nomination, much to the disgust of Senator George W. Norris' of Nebraska, Progressive Republican. Senator Norris scems to prefer Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt for the Demo- cratic presidential nomination, and is strengly opposed to Mr. Young. It looks as though Mr. Young might have some jof the Conservative Republican voters | for him, however. The Democrats will have to decide whether they wish to ‘please big business or Senator Norris when it comes to picking a presidential | candidate, it now appears. Perhaps they will just please themselves. R | The agitation for a special session of the new Congress during the present Spring and the coming Summer con- tinues. The Jo.n Dewey group of Pro- gressives, which scaght in vain to get Senator George W. Norris and other | Progressive leaders in Congress to start a third liberal political party, have put forward a public statement in which they ask the Progressives in the Senate | very pointedly why they permitted the | passage of all the appropriation bills in the last session of Congress, closing March 4, and thereby permitted the administration to escape without a spe- clal session. The statement suggests that Senators Norris, La Follette, Borah, Brookhart et al. were delinquent in their duties when they allowed the ap- | propriaticn bills to go through, for a failure to pass one or more of the big annual supply bills would have neces- sitated a session of the new Congress, kK, Immediately after the Congress closed, a conference of Progressives was called by five Progressive Senators to meet in Washington to outline a program of progressive legislation. | Prof. Dewey was not included. for the 1 Senators did not want to have the third party matter brought up, perhaps to the exclusion of other business. At the conference the administration was denounced for not calling a special session of the Congress at this time. Now Prof. Dewey and his followers ask the Progressive Senators if they are willing to forego their vacations and undertake a campaign throughout the country to rouse sentiment so that the administration may be forced to call the Congress in special session. The Dewey communication asks_unkindly: | “What has paralyzed the Pregressive Senators into acquiescence in the plan of exploiting interests to reduce the American people to a state of industrial feudalism and serfdom?” In conclu- sion it charges that the Progressive Senators “gave the administration the sinews of war to continue the rule of special privilege by permitting appro- | priations to be voted,” and declares { they cannot escape responsibility for | their action, | * K ok * Senator Simeon D. Fess, chairman of the Republican Natlonal Committee, has offercd $10,000 to the Publicity Bu- reau of the Democratic National Com- mittee on condition that Jouett Shouse can prove & statement which Mr. Shouse is reported to have made at a Democratic meeting in San Francisco alleging that the Republican National Committee had purchased copies of a magazine containing an at- tack on John J. Raskob, chairman of the Democcratic National Committee, because of his religlous beliefs. Senator Fess In a statement issued to the press charged Mr. Shouse, who is chairman of the Democratic Executive Commit- tee, with engaging in a “contemptible, skulking appeal to religious prejudice and of attempting by adroit falsehood to fasten the offense on the Republican National Committee.” ‘The authority given by Senator Fess for his statement Mr. Shouse declared that the Republican National Com- mittee had purchased 10,000,000 copies of the magazine for Nation-wide dis- tribution containing the article attack- ing Raskob was the n Francisco Chronicle. According to that newspaper Mr. Shouse, at the end of his speech to the Democratic Club in San Fran- 10,000,000 | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. ‘The answers to questions printed here each day are speéimens picked from the mass of inquiries handled by our great Information Bureau maintained in Washington, D. C. This valuable service is for the free use of the public. Ask any question of fact you may want to know and you will get an immediate reply. Write plainly, inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage, address The Evening Star Inform: tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, direc- tor, Washington, D. C. Q. How many steamship lines operate under the American flag?—A. R. A. There are 82, besides tanker and tramp services. Q. How are the colored lights ar- ranged on an airplane at night?—L. §. A. A green light is placed on the right side of an airplane and a red light on the left. On the tall, a white light is placed. Q. How much sugar does an Ameri- can consume in a year’—O. W. P. A. In 1928 the per capita consump- tion of sugar in the United States was 104.27 pounds. Q. What recent murder was consld- ered by authorities as the perfect crime or perfect mystery?—H. J. D. A. The murder or suicide of Isadore Fink, « Harlem, N. Y. laundry- man, in 1930, is called by Joseph Gol- lomb in his “Crimes of the Year” the “perfect mystery.” Fink was found in his laundry, dead of three gunshot wounds. The police had to break into the room. It appeared that no one could have committed the crime and left the room and that Pink himself could not have fired the shots. No weapon was found. g Who invented bifocal spectacles? A Benjamin Pranklin invented bi- focals, addressed to George Whatley of Lon- don, dated May 23, 1785, it may be in- | ferred that he invented them before he went to France, which was in the latter part of 1776. . Is the: phere?—B. E. rbs helium in the atmos- A. There is to the extent of one part | to 185,000. Q What causes back- tomobile engine?—E. E. A. Generally speaking, back-firing is caused by a weak mixture which burns 50 slowly that the flame continues until the opening of the adinission valve again, when it ignites the incoming charge in the intake pipe and shoots back to the carburetor. Q. At what time of vear is the Pa- cific at the same level as the Atlantic Ocean at the Panama Canal?—E. D. A. The mean level of the Pacific at the Isthmus of Panama has been found to be about eight Mches higher than the mean level of the Atlantic. In the month of February the levels are the same, but throughout the rest of the year, on account of current, tidal and wind influences, the mean level of the Pacific ranges above that of the At- lantic. It is as much as one foot higher in October. Q. How many people suffer from sick headaches?—V. A. L. A. About 4,000,000 people in the United States suffer from migraine. From the context of a letter | ring in an au- | 8. Q. Who presented the Virginia gs Ceho Constitutional ammw:{: A. The Virginia delegates had framed A form of government which was known as the Virginia Plan. This had been {drawn up by Madison after consulting | with others ‘and was presented to the | convention by Gov. Randolph, a it | Q How many lines are there in the translation of the “Odyssey”? In “Beo- wulf?>—K. S. C. A. In the translation of the “Odys= sey” by Alexander Pope, there are 631 | lines. "“Beowulf” has over 3,000 lines According to the former method of | printing this poem. it has about 6,365 | lines. It was written in half lines. | Q. What is the Government depart- ment called which deals with drug addicts>—N. D. A. Tt is the Divisicn of Mental Hy- glene of the Public Health Service. Q. When was the German cruiser Essen destroyed in a river in Africa? —B. W. A. It was the Konigsberg which took refuge up the Rufiji River on the | East Coast of Africa. British ships kept a strict watch and eventually sunk a vessel to make a blockade. On July 6, 1915, an attack was made and the Konigsberg was damaged. On July 11 the attack was renewed and the vessel destroyed. Q. How long g0 was tea discovered? A. According to a Chinese legend, tea was discovered by the Emperor Chinnung, 2737 B.C. Q. How many bottles are made in a year?——M. A. In a recent year the number of half-pint bottles of carbonated bev- | erages reached 11,000,000,000. Did the R | “Mother's day"?—J, A The worship of mothers was in- troduced through Greece into Rome about 250 B.C. There it was known as | the festival of Hilaria and was held on the Ides of March, when the people made offerings in the temple. . When was Willlam Maxwell ,‘,)\vl'.ken elevated to the peerage?—C. fw. c | "A. 'In 1917. He was created knight |in 1911. He was born in Canada in 11879 and took up his residence in Great Britain in 1910. He is the first [Bnron Beaverbrook. | Q 1In sending wedding announce- | ments, should they be sent to one's | neighbors?—cC. T. A. Wedding announcements are sent | to friends and relatives. Near neigh- | bors of the bride and groom are in- | cluded in the announcement list if the neighbors are also friends. of soft drinks 23 omans celebrate a w. s Q. How much hay does an elephant eat in a day?—J. McD. A. Approximately 100 pounds. Q. On what day will the Preakness | be run at Pimlico this year?—E. 8. A. Saturday, May 9. Q. Did the late Stilson Hutchins ever publish the Washington Post? ‘When did he die?—W. H. A. He founded the Washington Post December 6, 1877, and sold it January 1, 1889. He died April 22, 1912, Alfonso’s Friends and Foes Subject of Friendly and unfriendly attitudes toward Alfcnso, deposed King of Spain, are balanced in the minds of Americans who discuss the revolution in that country. It is observed that rcyalty has | been meeting with rebuffs and that the Spanish King has had trouble for some years, but the question of successful tule by the leaders of the people, under the new regime, is & subject for debate. “Spain faces troubled years before attaining political ~ stability,” in the pinion of the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, while the Cincinnati En- quirer feels that “the able leadership of the new republic gives reason for hope that Spain will survive the transition without grave disorder or foolish radi- calism.” “The Providence Journal is of the cpinfon that “political stabilization will come much sooner with the dynasty out of the way,” pointing out that “the country backed the wrong horse in the world conflict. “Tyranny can be exercised under re- publicanism,” declares the Hamilton (Ontaric) Spectator, expressing the hope that “those in' the seats of au- thority may be governed in their poli- cies by a spirit of wisdom and modera- tion.” The Indianapolis Star holds that “if those who have been agitating against the monarchy can get together in common cause and submerge their own personal ambitions, Spain may be at the beginning of a new and better era.” The Houston Chronicle sa “For King Alfcnso we have only sym- pathy; but for Spain we are glad; for her, the masses of the world wish a brighter future under a free govern- :ment expressing the will of a truly free | Alva! and capable people.” The Jersey City Journal contends that “the new repub- lic will be stronger for the taste of sup- pressicn of civil rights which the people bhave had.” 'R “That the change may mean much and may mean little to the people” is the conclusion of the Schenectady Ga- zette, which is convinced that while “perhaps the monarchy would have done as well, any people fitted for self- government can go farther with ccm- plete power in their own hands.” That paper states that “the United States will welcome the newest addition to tbe ranks of sister republics.” The Chi- cago Daily News comments: “The new republic bas the good wishes of liberal thcught the world around. It promises a rule of law, justice and civil liberty. That is much, but the Spanish people will expect also intelligent promotion of economic prosperity by sound agrarian, administrative and fiscal reforms.” “The decision that the naticn shall function as a federated republic” is hailed by the Toronto Daily Star, see ing “an arrangement which will giv diverse elements in the population & large measure of self-determination.” “American sympathy for the republic may be taken for granted,” says the Chicago Daily News, adding: “Much of Eurcpe will observe Spanish events with il will or hostility. A Spanish republic is a new factor. To the surviving mon- | Wide Comment | Tevolution,” argues the Los Angeles Times, pointing out that “Spain’s trou- bles are economic and the control o success is doubtful is the judgment of the South Bend | Tribune, wnile the Louisville Courier- | Journal suggests that “perhaps the | states of the country are as hostile and divided as they have been traditionally,” and the Charlotte News warns that “graft persists in spite of democracy jand paitisanry oftentimes becomes less | benevolent than monarchy.” The Roa- | noke World-News says “Sympathy with the Spanish people in their aspirations for more liberal government, while gen- eral in the United States, will be tem- pered by doubts of t possibility of establishing sanything like true repre- | sentative government in a land where & | Iarge part of the population is illiterate, | where there is no free press, and where | there is no background of free expres- | sion or free government.” * ok ok | “The nation’s present attempt to rule | itself se<ms certain to result in a form of democratic despotism that may or | may not be endured,” in the judgment | of the Asbury Park Press. s The Lynch- | burg News raises the question as to the ultimate verdict on the problem whether republics and constitutional monarchies | possess as many shortcomings as did absolute monarchies. | Discussing the passing of the mon- archy, the Atlanta Journal exclaims | “Spain a republic! Spain of the Haps- burgs and the Bourbons, of Charles the Fifth, of Philip tte Second and Duke Spain of a thousand years of monarchy! Incredible it seems, incred- {ible 1t would be, had we not <o lately | witnessed the vanishing of the Roman- ofts from Russia, the Hohenzollerns |from Germany, the Hapsburgs from |Austria. In such a twilight of the {kings the exit of Alfonso the Thir- teenth appears not unnatural. Yet it is somehow as hard to picture Spain without a crown as without | castles and bells and colorful ‘state and | ancientry.” * * * What & day may bring | forth for the newborn republic, there |15 no predicting the factors are too | numerous and diverse, the possibilities Itoo hazy. But of all' who wish Spain a happy issue out of her present uncer- | tainties and a future rich in prosperity and progress, none does so more heartily than the United States of America.” | ‘With Alfonso's abdication passed | what had seemed an almost impregnable fortress of monarchy,” says the New | York Sun, adding, “At the same time | there passed from Spain a man of strong democratic tendencies, for his human qualities and his un- | daunted courage, one endowed with |such a patriotic regard for his country that he preferred to accept the de- mands made upon him rather than pre- cipitate civil strife.” “It is merely a local disturbance,” | states the Columbus Ohio State Journal, | with the appraisal that “its moral, if it has any, is that probably the only | constant thing in this world is change. The Milwaukee Journal views his de- archies it is a bad portent.” As to world | Parture as “in the nature of a coup” trade, the Charlotte Observer records that the American Department of Com- merce is anticipating that ‘‘the new government organization in Spain will speedily lift the value of the peseta t: a point that will interest our countr; ‘The Hartford Times believes that meet conditions fairly adequately with constructive measures will be the test of the new government,” and the Phila- delphia Inquirer warns that “if the new republic is to survive, it must attain a greater unity than previous Spanish republics have dcne.” “Successful self-government seems to be obtained by evolution and not by an article written by Robert Cruise Mc. Manus. Mr. Shouse today issued a state ment denying he had ever heard of Mc- Manus or had ever said the Republican cisco, said “now that I am no longer on the air” he could discuss this matter. He ded to do so, not knowing that the “mike” was still operating, tI newspaper said. It looks as though the National Committee had bought coples of his articles. - He said, howeve he did refer in his San Francisco speech to an article published in Scribner’s | Magazine last September by Frank Kent and the good qualities of Alfonso are auded by the Cleveland Plain Dealer and the Rochester TimesiUnion. The | Newark Evening News toncludes that he “will be heard from again.” The Whesling Intelligencer describes him 0[as a man of wealth and adds that | “none of the Bourbons appears to have been more prudent in either personal or public policy.” The Charleston (S. News and Courier says in review of | career: “For Alfonso, who was | literally born a king, the problems have | been solved. He has been beset on all | sides for years. One threat against his throne after another has followed fre- quently. The danger of the collapse of the monarchy has been real. His | personal wealth assures him of com- fort in whatever land he takes up resi- dence. The former King is about to | find peace.” | ——— Whitewashing. From the Dayton Daily News. Mexico has ended its scourge of scor= religious issue was being dragged into the [ of the Baltimore Sun. Mr. Kent is a | bions by whitewashing, a method much political campaign sgain. Apparently Senator Fess and the Republican Na- tional Committee are not willing to blamed for raising the question, " however. ®iREE The San Francisco Chronicle articles sald that Mr. Shouse was referring to Democrat. At theruzllme Mr. ml.'fi:‘ charged ti le was an al upon hi for m gus beliefs. This Mr. vehemently d . The ar- ticle tion, Mr. Sholtg said, had been jican Na- in favor in American politics. From the New Castle News. Inalienable rights depend upon ques printed by the Rep tional Committee and used irfthe con- gre: campaign last Fall. many things, but chiefly on sleeping with one eye open.