Evening Star Newspaper, February 13, 1931, Page 4

Al tw. MITCHELL RAPPED | IN MICHEL MATTER Schall and 34 Others Declare Minnesota Man in Line for Judgeship. By the Associated Press. In a new letter to President Hoover, made public today, Senator Schall, Re- publican, Minnesota, continued to urge Erest A. Michel for Federal judge in that State, despite the refusal of the Chief Executive to consider the riame. “1 agree with you,” wrote Mr. Schall under yesterday's date, “that ‘it would be a misfortune if Minnesota should not have the advantage of the establish- ment of this court during the present of Congress,’ but I also feel that 1t is a greater misfortune that you have not been given a true picture of the Minnesota situation and I hope that you may have it before you act in the Protest Is Forwarded. Mr. Schall inclosed a protest, signed by the majority of the Minnesota State Senators and Lieut. Gov. Arens, against | the “recent unjust and undignified at-| tacks” by Attorney General Mitchell | sgainst the appointment of Mr. Michel. “We feel, . President,” it sald, “that you have been grossly and de- liberately misled in regard to the char- acter and qualifications of the man who is so widely supported for this high | Bri position.” The protest asserted also the belief ©of the people of the State and Nation that a lawyer honest and faithful to his fession should not be barred from he judiciary “because he has not served an a ticeship in the em- als:ment of privileged interests of Thcounh'y," 34 signatures. inclosed a letter . |by British, in view of present acute It set forth that Mr. Roeser Denial that Attorney General Mitch- Scope of Charge. ‘The Minnesota Senator said recently that Mr. Mitchell prevented the Su- eme Court from reviewing a suit for 1,000,000 inst the estate of Mrs. James J. which he represented be- ‘w'l"hgg juwnen:omum "R?:i?l'h the was _up! y District* Court, but reversed Circuit Court of Appeals and carried to the Supreme Court. Senator Hebert, Re- was Record, THE EVE G STAR, WASHINGTON D. C., FRIDAY. FEBRUARY 13, 1931 ‘My Experiences in the World War BY GEN. JOHN J. PERSHING, Commander in Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces. Allies Ask That Infantry and Machine Gun Units Precede Other Arms From U. S. to France. CIVILIANS FLEE CITY AS OFFENSIVE OPENS Conference at Doullens Suggests Clemenceau for Supreme Command on Western Front. CHAPTER XXXIIIL ECRETARY OF WAR BAKER went to London to discuss with the British authorities the pros- pects for additional shipping and also the general subject of muni- ‘luon:‘.n w':lue thereM he ;enzlsme the fol- powing telegram Marc! embodying suggestions from the prime minister, which showed the deep anxiety of the itish: “T have just had a long talk with the prime minister. He urges three pro- posals for your consideration: First, that our divisions in France be placed im- mediately in line to relieve French divi- sions for service elsewhere, quiet sectors being chosen for troops with least train- ing. “Second, that all available engineer troops be taken from lines of communi- cation work and sent to aid of British engineers preparing positions back of present lines. It is urged that suspen- sion of our work would be but tempo- rary and that the work suggested imperative. “Third, that Infantry be sent first of the entire six divisions to be transported needs of that army. No answer to the foregoing is necessary until I see you tomorrow, when we can discuss the | suggestions fully.” Haig Asked for Help. As to the question of using our troops, Gen. Petain, in response to my offer of assistance on my visit to Compiegne, had already stated that the best thing | we could do for the moment would be to replace French divisions in quiet sec- tors, so that they could go to the aid of the British or elsewhere, as might be and heavy artillery, of which three reg- iments of the former were placed at his disposal at once and the personnel of | two regiments of the latter about to ar- rive were offered. 1 went to Versailles March 26 and talked with Gen. Giardino, who had re- | ral | Gouncil. soutiiwest winds. Meryland—Rain tonight and tomor- | in afternoon Tow; colder tomorrow night; fresh, possibly strong southwest ‘Rain tonight and tomorrow; ly warmer in portion tonight. and colder in north and west portions fresh southwest * West Virginia—Rain tonight and ly tomofrow morning; colder to- in northwest portion to- Record for 24 Hours. ‘Thermometer—4 p.m., 52: 8 12 midnight, 46; 4 am., 42; 8 noom, 50. Barometer—4 pm., 30.15; 8 pm, 20.18; 12 midnight, 30.16; 4 am., 8 a.m., 30.11; noon, 30.03. Highest temperature, 53, occurred at 4:30 p.m. yesterday. Lowest temperature, 37, occurred at 8:30 a.m. today. Temperature same date last year— Highest, 52; lowest, 36. pamn., 49; am, 39; h ! it would have opened the way for simi- the other .11; | the placed Gen. Cadorna as Italy’s military | Tepresentative on the Supreme War | Gen. Glardino made an ap- al for an allotment of our troops. e u‘ued that their presence would be tangible proof of the intense feeling of thaf ired the Ame confidence in the successful outcome of the war and, above all, that they need- ed help. No doubt much of this was true, but lar concessions to allies, and the end our forces would have been frittered away, probably to little or no purpose. These appeals by the allies, presented anew from time fo time, only served to fix in our minds the idea that each was thinking in terms of its own army. rather than of benefit to the al- | lies as a whole. Mr. Baker returned from London that evening snd I met him at the Gare du | Nord in Paris. The station presented a | scene that could never be forgotten. The terror-stricken crowds from threatened villages and farms were fleeing they knew not whither, many of them for the second time this war, from an enemy whose invasion of their coun- try in days gone by had ven out their fathers and mothers before Yanks moving up to the front. terror and the suffering that it causes women and children are incomparably worse. These thousands were leaving everything behind them, going to some distant part of their country to be- come, many of them, dependent upon their friends; others, perchance friend- less and penniless, to live by charity, as & burden to the community, or beg |from door to door. There was even then hope that they might return later and, through the help of the government, rebuild their homes. But will the shadow of this dread- ful experience ever pass, or will war come again to cause like suffering to their children? No one can answer, but all can strive to the end that this experience, which is the heritage of lands where the em- bers of hatred and jealousy are kept alive at the fireside to be fanned into flaming war by ambitious and power- ful leaders, may come no more. My diary notes the following: “Chaumont, Friday, March 29, 1918. Held conference with the Secretary of War and Gen. Bliss yesterday on joint recommendation of military represent- ative of the war council. “Left Paris this morning for Chau- mont. “At Petain's request, the 1st Division ordered to battle line, which Mr. Baker said people at home would enthusias- tically approve. “Mr. Paul Crawath dined with us this evening and, speaking of unity, favored placing control in the hands of a committee composed of Marshal Haig, Gen. Petain and myself.” The situation had become so serious that the military representatives seemed to think it necessary to recommend that all previous plans for the ship- ment of American be disregarded and that nothing but infantry and ma- chine-gun units be shipped until oth: wise directed by the Supreme War Council. This they did in the form of a joint (or unanimous) note, which was, of course, approved by the Su- preme War Council. Jeopardized Separate Army. I was very much surprised at the attitude of Gen. Bliss, our military rep- resentative with the council, as without his consent the joint note could not have been submitted to the council. ‘The presence of the Secretary of War lem. War in its effects upon the armies| themselves is frightful enough, but the fortunately afforded me the opportunity to discuss with him not only the de- mands of the particular situation ex- isting at that time, but the general attitude of our allies regarding the | manner in which Americans should be | employed. When the joint note was presented to | Secretary Baker, I pointed out to him and Gen. Bliss that the proposal, if approved by the President, would place the disposition of American units en- tirely in the hands of the Supreme War Council and take them quite out of our | control, even for training, and would without doubt destroy all possibility of our forming an Américan Army. ‘The Secretary was as strongly op- posed to any such an outcome as I, and after some discussion he dictated his views in a cable to President Wilson explicitly recommending that the con- trol of our forces should be retained by our commander in chief and that the joint note be approved only in that sense. Secretary Baker's to the President read, in 3 “The foregoing resomutions (of the military representatives on the suprem council) were considered by Gen. Bliss, Gen. Pershing and me. Paragraph three proposes a chang in the order of shipment of American troops to France and necessarily postpones the organi- zation and training of complete Ameri- can divisions as parts of an independent American Army. This ougnt to be con- ceded only in view of the present criti- cal situaticn and conunued only so| long as that situation necessarily de- mands it. Suggests Note to Wilson. “The question of replacements will continue to embarrass the British and French governments, and efforts to satisfy that nieed by retaining Ameri- can units assigned to them must be an- ticipated, but we must keep in mind the formation of an American Army, while, at the same t'me, we must not seem to sacrifice joint efficiency at a critical moment fo that object. Therefore I recommend that you express your ap- &mvll of the joint note in the follow- g_sense: “The purpose of the American Gov- ernment is to render the fullest co- operation and aid, and therefore the recommendation of the military repre- sentatives with regard to the preferen- tial transportation of American Infan- | try and machine-gun units in the pres- | ent_emergency is approved. “Such units when transported will be under the direction of the commander in chief of the American Expeditionary cable Forces, and will be assigned for train- ing and use by him in his discretion. He will use theSe and all other military forces of the United St:tes under his command in such manner as t) render the greatest military assistance, keeping in mind always the determination of this Government to have its various military forces collected, as speedily as their training and the military situation will permit, into an independent Ameri- can Army, acting in concert with the armies of Great Britain and France and all arrangements made by him for their temporary training and service will be made with that end in view.” ‘This action by the military represent- atives just at this crisis was intended to put the weight of the Supreme War Council behind the idea of maintain- ing the strength of allied units by Americans as a policy. The text of the joint note made it entirely plain that this was their purpose. The message forwarding the joint note, with Mr. Baker's comment, was answered by a cable from Washington dated March 30, which stated: “The President concurs in the joint {note of the permanent military repre- sentatives of the Supreme War Council in the sense formulated in your number 67 March 28, and wishes you to regard yourself authorized to decide questions of immediate co-operation or replace- ment.” Recommendation Understood. It was thought that this statement, coming from the President, would demands of the allies that we provide units for bullding up their divisiens, but their insistence continued. The President’s message wi March 30 by a cable from ment, which stated: “The recommendations of Secretary of War to President * * * that pref- erential transportation be given to American Infantry and machine-gun units in present emergency understood and will be followed.” It went on to say that these units rtaining to three divisions, the 3d, 5th and 77th, would be sent at once, and those of three other divisions about followed e depart- |May 1. Replying April 3 to the department’s cable, I emphasized that it was “not intended that our units shall replace the losses of British or French organi- zations, and therefore our artillery should be held in readiness to follow check, at least for the time being, the | St when called for,” although it was pos- sible that the situation might become “go serious that some of our Infantry units will be forced to serve with Brit- ish temporarily.” My intentions were further indicated by saying: “Americans must not lose sight of the purpose to build up divi- sions and corps.of their own,” and also, “We must avoid the tendency to incor- porate our Infantry into British divi- sions, where it will be used up and never relieved.” My cable recommended that the In- fantry of two divisions should be sent by British sl ing and two by our own, but that present plans should go no further than this. It was my - not to become too deeply involved an. agreement that would make it impossible later to form our own inde- pendent force under our own officers. With reference to the meeting at Doullens, mentioned in the preceding chapter, there was much difference of opinion on what course to pursue, ac- cording to Gen. Bliss, who reported the situation to the Secretary and me. President Poincare presided, M. Clem- enceau, . Loucheur, Lord Milner, Marshal Halg, Gen. Sir Henry Wilson, Gen. Foch and others being present. Congratulates Foch. One suggestion made prior to the formal meeting was that M. Clemen- ceau be selected allied commander in chief, with Gen. Foch his chief of staft, but, as we have seen, the confer- ence itself agreed that Gen. Foch, as the senior military member of the council, should be charged with co- ordinating the action of the allied armies on the western front. It was, however, the prevalent Brit- Foch tmply a ry thority only. Although inadequate to meet all circumstances, even this con- cession was a stride in the right di- recticn, and his position was soon to be more clearly defined. In fact, Presi- dent Wilson sent Gen. Foch the follow- ing message March 29: “May I not convey to you my sin- cere congratulations on your new ai thority. Such unity of command is most hopeful augury of ultimate suc cess. We are following with profound interest the bold and brilliant action of your forces.” Of course, Mr. Cravath’s idea for unity of command, as mentioned in , was never seriously consid- ered by any one in authority, and it fell short of absolute unity of com- likely’ the plan adopted by the Supreme War Counpcfl, which was a thinly dhfillsed attempt on its part to control m! tary operations p’;"he failure of the scheme was to ve been expected, because it would l:I‘mnflt certainly have the effect of re- lieving the commanders in chief of thelr responsibility and placing it in the hands of an agent not empowered to do more than consult the com- manders in chief in an endeavor to get their approval before taking action. It | was entirely a makeshift. It fortunately led to the selection of an allied commander in chief, | which was probably what some of the far-sighted advocates thought would e * * Xk % Tomorrow—Foch made _commander |in " chief; Pershing and Petain near clash on question of American Army.' , 1931, in all countries by the SRR Lt 0 R O R0 Tiehts reserved, including the Scandinavian. Reproduction in whole or in part pro- hibited.) ALUMNI GROUP PLANNED Rev. McNamara May Address St. Gabriel Graduates Monday. An alumni association of the 8t. Gabriel's School will be formed at a meeting of former students in the parish hall of St. Gabriel’s Church, Webster street and Grant Circle, at .m. Monday. »';flom are being made to have the Right Rev. John M. McNamara, suxill- ary bishop of Baltimore and pastor of . Gabriel's Church, address the | meeting. $3,000,00 for Lutheran Missions. NEW ORLEANS, February 13 (#)— Reports made yesterday before the | Missouri Synod of Lutheran Churches | in session in New Orleans showed that | more than $3,000,000 would be spent | during the current year in educational | and missionary work. E. Seuel, na- tional treasurer, made the report. DR. CLAUDE S SEMONES Eyesight Specialist Phone National 0721 chlen Bld, &8 NW. CANNON MAY GIVE OWN SIDE OF CASE 25 S¢nate Committee fo Decide Question After Study of All Data. An opportunity for Bishop James Cannon, jr., to defend himsell may be afforded the churchman by the Senate Campaign Funds Committee completion of its investigation of the manner in which he handled funds in the 1928 anti-Smith campaign. This was indicated day by Chairman Nye, who said definite de- cision would await an examination of the mass of data received from bank- ing officials. No further hearings are planned until this examination is finished. The in- vestigation started Wednesday after Representative Tinkham, blican, Massachusetts, had Cherld the bishop with violating the Federa) em'mg?l. prac- handling campaign 3 Bishop Cannon was chairman of t| before | him 'ashingto head of the Virginia Anf Smith Committee, as executor of an es- tate and as “James Cannon, jr.” Bishop Cannon has denied the cl filed with the committee by Rare- sentative Tinkham and has received permission from Senator Nye to file a sworn mumanh it later, if he deems one necessary prove “indubitably” are unfounded. it Bishop Cannon still is confined to Sibley Hospital with arthritis and it is unlikely his physician would permit to be questioned by the committee for some time. Noted Social Worker Succumbs. NEW YORK, February 13 (#).—Rev. Dr. Anna Garlin Spencer, social work- er, educator and author, died yesterday at her home. She was 79 years old. Despite her advanced age, she re- mained active in social work until she was stricken at her desk Tuesday. 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