Evening Star Newspaper, October 5, 1930, Page 37

EDITORIAL SECTION, he Swunday Star. Special Articles Part 2—8 Pages WASHINGTON, D. C, UNDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 5, 1930. CONGRESS LITTLE CHANGED ON PROHIBITION QUESTION Summary of Prima cates Democratic Wet Plank at N BY MARK SULLIVAN. ITH all the primaries and conventions out of the way, it is possible to summarize what has happened about prohibition, and—though to & less extent—what is likely to happen in the November election. Expressed in numbers, that is, in numbers of Senators and Representa- tives in Congress, what has happened is slight gnd the maximum that can possibly happen in November not very great. When the prohibition amend- ment originally came before the Senate 13 years ago, in 1917, the vote was 65 in favor of prohibition and 20 against, with several paired or absent, the total of the Senate being then. as now, 96. That ratio, 65 to 20, is almost identically the ratio of drys and wets in the Sen- ate as it exists today. In the consider- ably more than a decad: since prohibi- tion emerged in the Senate, there has been substantially no change. The ratio in the present existing Sen- ate is about 65 to 20 and if the wets should win all of the November contests in which prohibition is a specific issue the number of them in the next Senate ‘would not be over 25. As respects the House, it is much the same. The present Congress consists of almost exactly 100 wets and 335 drys. The present Congress is described as the dryest since prohibition came. In the House, as in the Senate, more than a decade of experience, accompanied by increasing argument, has made little change. As respects the next House, the one that will be elected in Novem- ber, if the wets should win all or prac- tically all of the contests in which pro- hibition is a specific issue, the number of them in the next House might be roughly 120 out of a total of 435. Figures Roughly Accurate. In thus classifying drys and wets in the Senate and House, it is impossible o be exact. .In spite of all the com- motion that goes on, almost never does s roll call come in Congress as to which men line up squarely dry and squarely wet. The classification involves some assumptions, some attribution of views to men on bases less exact than a roll call. In spite of these qualifications | the figures here given are roughly ac- ¢urate; indeed, these figures do not vary materially from the count of the | official dry and wet leaders and propa- gandists. For example, some wet lead- ers claim they will have, in the com- ing Congress, assuming they do well in all the elections, about 130, and some dry leaders concede to the wets about 110. For practical purposes the figures here given are sufficiently accurate and will not be seriously questioned by either side. If we turn, however, to conditions ether than actual representation in the House and Senate we find a number of events during the past few months ‘which the wets can justly interpret as for them, and very few events the drys can interpret as gains. ‘The most conspicuous the ad- vances made by the wets Summer occurred in June, when the Republican g.‘rty in New Jersey went officially wet. e Democratic party in New Jersey had been wet before: the Republican change left the drys with control of neither party in this large and impor- tant Eastern State, left the drys with both parties officially ranged on the other side. This event was accompanied by an- other incident advantageous to the wets, harmful to the drys. In the same grocux in which the Republicans in lew Jersey went wet they chose for their nominee for the United States Benate Dwight Morrow. Mr. Morrow came out for repeal of the eighteenth amendment. What gave meaning and weight to this was the fact that Mr. Morrow was a man held in extraor- dinarily high esteem who had not been in litics and had not made any public pronouncement of his views on prohibition. To this extent Mr. Mor- | yow's adhering to the wet side had a ries, However, Indi- Party Will Adopt ext Convention. again into the kind of family row that occasionally besets them when their prospects seem best. Some Democrats wanted what is called in Massachusetts an “all Yankee' ticket; others wanted, to | use ugain a terminology indigenous to Massachusetts, an “all green” ticket. In | November, if the wet Democratic can- | didate for the Senate loses, and if the | drys win the advantage of electing for- mer Senator Butler, the reason will prob- ably Jie in the kind of animosities within the Democratic party suggested by the terminology mentioned above In short, judging by many conditions, it is difficult not to believe that Massa- chusetts is wet; difficult not to believe that in Massachusetts both the Repub- lican and the Democratic parties are wet. | | Other Partial Advantages. The wets, during the primaries of the Summer and Spring, have won several | other partial advantages. In Ohio they determined the choice of the Democratic candidate for United States Senator and they chose a fine and able man, Robert Johns Bulkley. Although the Demo- cratic State Convention in Ohio did not g0 wet and although the Democratic candidate for Governor in that State is a dry, nevertheless the nomination of Mr. Bulkley for the Senate is an out- standing wet advance. These gains by the wets, which take the forms outlined above, as in New York and New Jersey, do not count sta- tistically in Congress.” But as reflections f changed public sentiment they are rather more important; and it is axio- | matic that thev will show themselves in | Congress later on If we consider the results of all the primary nominations for United States Senator, not all the advantages gained have been on the side of the wets. In Maine the Republicans nominated for the Scnate a dry, Wallace H. White, and when he is elected, as he will be, he will succeed Senator Gould, who is wet. That will be one definite addition to dry strength in the Senate. In Iowa it is the very confident expectation that the Republican candidate, L. J. Dickinson, will e elected. Dickinson is a dry and if elected will displace Senator Steck, who, as a representative of the Democ- racy of Iowa, is looked upon as wet “These two potential dry additions to the Senate are decidedly not to be ig- nored, for in the field that we are now discussing the gains and losses are made in twos and threes. The maximum num- ber of gains that the wets might make in the Senate to offset the two probable dry gains is really not much more than five at the outside. The wets might possibly elect one Senator each in Massa- chusetts, Ohio, Delaware and Montana; they might conceivably elect one in Ne- braska. But they are by no means cer- tain to. It is possible the net result of the Senatorial elections may be an addi- tion to dry strength. Nominations for House. As respects the House, a survey of the nominations made in the primaries does not reveal any definite dry gain, does not reveal any one case in which a wet member of the House lost the nomi- nation to a dry. On the other hand, several drys, important drys some of them, have lost their fights for renom- ination to wets. The most conspicuous cases occurred in Michigan, where two outstanding dry members of the House were defeated for renomination by wets. Two similar cases occurred in New York State. One similar case occurred in each of several other States, Ohio, Ten- nessee, New Jersey, Washington and Nebraska. | Looking forward to the election, it is | commonly said that there are 24 dis- tricts in which the fight will be a clear-cut one between a wet and a dry. The significance of that lies in the smallness of the number. There are in all 435 members of the House. If prohibition is to be the decisive issue in less than 10 per cent of these districts, the inference is that prohibi- tion does not cut as large a figure in the election as would be supposed from the quantity of current argument. value greater than that of other men active in politics who had taken the | wet side before. (Parenthetically this | is a good place to say that Mr. Morrow deplores the use of the word “wet” and 18 right in so deploring. The words | “wet” as well as “dry” have two dis- advantages. They are extremely loose in meaning. each covering r wide va- | riety of views. Also, both words have | become shopworn in this controversy | and through being shopworn are a little touched with the taint of provoca- | tiveness. However, there is no other convenient word to describe compactly Mr. Morrow’s position. To group him as a “wet” puts him, inaccurately, in the company of men whose views on prohibition are touched with violence— and the solution of this problem, if nd when it comes, will probably arise through the efforts of men like Mr. Morrow, new to the controversy. with their position before the public not impaired by previous strong identity .with one side or the other.) Jersey Early Wet State, New Jersey wzs the first large East- ern State in which the Republican rty went wet. By the same token t was the first large Eastern State in which both the great parties went wet. It was anticipated that New Jer- sey's example would have a psycho- logical effect on two other large East- ern States, Massachusetts and New York. As respects New York, the omen was borne out. In New York State the Republican party, for a va- rlety of reasons, after being dry since prohibition came, adopted a wet plank in its platform. That this wes and remains an extremely important victory for the wets cannot be denied. In Massachusetts, however, the Re- publican party did not go wet; Massa- chusetts remains, one large Eastern State, in which the Democrats are wet but the Republicans dry. In this fact there is statistical comfort for the drys, but ‘he statistical comfort is qualified by understanding of the facts. There was in the Republican primary in Mas- gachusetts in September a squarely qualified contest fo the Republican nomination for United States Senator between a wet and a with a second wet candidate cutting a com- paratively small figure). The dry, for- mer Senator William M. Buller, won; but he won by an extremely narrow majonity. The votes cast for the dry for- mer Senator Butler were not quite so many as the combined vote of his two ‘wet opponents. Nevertheless, by the fact that the dry candidate for the senatorial nomination won the drys, for the moment, have an advantage in Massachusetts. This advantage will be put to the test again in November. In that month in the general election a dry Republican candidate for the United States Senate will run against a wet Democrat. Ac- cording to frequent expectations, the dry may win; that is, the Republican eandidate, former Senator William M. Butler, may win, and he happens to be But even those who expect him to win =—many of them at least—anticipate that his winning, if he wins, will not be due to his dryness but rather to cleavage smong the Democrats, The Democrats r Mhugotk appear to nave fallen That statement is in part misleadin and should be qualified. The ‘:uenm'l truth is that the country is divided ter- | ritorially between dry and wet. In wet | territory both candidates are wet; in | dry territory both candidates are dry. | Practically all the South, together with the rural portions of nearly all the States, is dry, and in such districts the | contest for Congress is between two drys. Conversely, the cities through- ouit the country are mainly wet and in | the cities the congressional contests are | bexx'ccn two wets. ny summary of what has happened about prohibition must nclude - the |rapid change that has gone on during |the past few months and before in the | Democratic party nationally. It is no | secret—it is indeed proclaimed—that the | intentions of those now holding the key positions in the Democratic national organization is to have the party in the 1932 national convention adopt a plank for repeal. State Control Advocated. The executive chairman of the Dem- | ocratic National Committee, Mr. Jouett Shouse, the other day announced: | “The sound principle of local State con- |trol is in my judgment the only pos- sible ultimate "solution of the liquor problem and will constitute the biggest forward step to a return to the theory of States' rights, upon which this coun- |try_was founded.” s, view, or the caulvalent of this —some 'view contemplating re [of the elghteenth amendment—moen | practically certain to be inserted in the national ‘platform of the Democratic party when it next meets in national convention. That will be a revolution, | for the Democratic party platform has been dry, in one degree or another, in all the conventions since national pro- hibition came. Also it was mainly from | the Democratic South that the Initial impulse toward national prohibition came. For the adoption of some form of wet plank amoun repeal the Demeratic local orgnxfzrn"u:;’a is already lined up in a suficient num- ber of States to make a majority in the National Convention, and as respects platform a majority controls The States in which the Democratic local crganization is now wet, either by formal State platform or by the | equivalent of such action, include the | large Fastern States of New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and New Jersey, the large Midwestern States of Michigan, Tllinois and Wisconsin, and | the smalier States of New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode Isiand, Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Mirnesota, Towa, | Montana, North Dakota, Nevada and | ‘Washington. ‘These States, from which all the dele- gates to the next National Convention can be expected to be wet, are alone almost enough to make the necessary | majority. In adidtion, there is an abun- | dance of wet spots in the Democratic | organizations of other States. Something | like half the delegates to Democratic | National Conventions from Ohlo are | ucually wet'and will be wet in 1932. So | will a considerable portion of the dele- gates from Indiana. In several Western States not Democratically wet as a repeal plank or | tlement in America was established and he Colonial era began. AS ONE EARLY ARTIST PICTURED CAPT. BY VIRGINIUS DABNEY. HOSTS of Capt. John Smith and | B many another stout-thewed | ino town of Williamsburg, long the capi- warrior of Elizabethan Engiand s s, e e 5'{“5 beneath '{mx Saient °£ | ::;dnfb:h, colony, whose streets \lCl’P[ of Jamestown Island, Henry and Mason, Marshall and Ran- shades of the great chiefs Powhatan, | doiph, and which was the scene of some Opechancanough and Totopotomoy | of the most far-reaching events that| wander among the battered tombs and | took place during the years when Vir-| about the ruined church tower where | ginial wasa Colonial pos-ession of Great | in 1607 the first permanent English set- | Britain. On the other side of the penin- Famous W BY KONRAD BERCOVICL WAS born in a beautiful country. Waters of the Danube River lap- ped the gray stones of the wall | underneath my window. Hundreds of boats flying red, green and yel- low sails in the blue wind bobbed up | and down the splashing silver waves. On | the opposite shore, to the apron of the | wooded hills, was an unbroken golden sea of waving wheat wafting the most seductive perfumes from early Spring to | harvest time. And the swishing and the rustling of the blades mingled with | the song of the waves and charmed me with their interwind rhythms and subtle melodies. We used to fish from the thatche | roof of our home while listening to the chatter and song of the Tartar boat- men and to the nasal cry of the muezzin calling Mahomet's faithful to prayer. Harvest Time Dances. And it was a fertile country. At thrashing time I loved to watch how | quickly the bags filled themselves with the heavy beads shaken out of the tall sheaves. The loam in our garden was like rich, black butter. There was plenty of food for everybody. The | people were strong, healthy, lighthearted | and as fast on their feet as they were quick to laugh. In the Spring they danced every Sunday in front,of the inn; because they believed that who | plowed and sowed gayly reaped plenty. During the Summer they danced be- cause they belleved that who hoped lightheartedly was compensated bounti- | fully. After the harvest they danced to | thank God for whatever He had given | them. During the long Winter months | they danced and sang because they could do nothing else to while away their time. 1 come from a beautiful country: from | a fertile country. It is as beautiful as this country, I now call mine, and as fertile. I did not come to the United States in search of food. I came to seek other things. I sometimes find them in the most unexpected places, but I am more often disappointed than not. Gypsy Deserts Maiden. | I was seven years old when I first | heard of America. A Yyoung gypsy blacksmith of my village was to be mar- ried that Spring to a maid serving in cur home. However, when the snow | had melted he decamped secretly, leav- | ing the poor peasant girl the buit of all KONRAD B! ridicule. Every one had warned her not | to troth herseif to a gypsy Summer passed and still the girl re- fused to believe the boy had abandoned er, | “He will come back to me,” of delegates to the next National Con- | her friends. “I know he will.” vention. As a rule there are, and the | The night after the first snowfall the | next time there will be, some Wet dele- | gypsy returned to the peasant girl. She | gates from States in the dry South, such | forgave him, though people repeated | as Louisiana. thelr warnings to her. She shrugged Of all the sign-posts of progress made | her shoulders. She knew better. Her by the wets, hardly any one is 50 full of | love' would vanquish the lure of the inunkilnkhls‘ ulm lchlk\'em‘tgt f‘n‘: st;:;fl road. He would stay. n which it is probable that the Yet, when the snow had melted he Democratic National Convention will e mawIY MietediTe adopt a wet platform. i At this point, however, one thing is | 10t even bother to pity her. She was importart to be remembered; a majority b Sueryed bt igit of the delegates to the next Democratic | Toward the end of the Summer a Convention can adopt a wet plank in the | young peasant offered to marry the platform. It would take two-thirds of | buxom girl. She refused. The gypsy would come back. the delegates, however, to nominate a Snow fell. Wolves howled. The Dan- | she told | 2 whole there is wet sentiment which will express itself in & measurable n 7 not seem el e . no Y. e other necessary two-thirds, . Iman offered marriage again. She [ 2 % Triple Shrine of History By Linking of Jamestown, Yorktown and Williamsbhurg, Government Creates National Colonial Monument. JOHN SMITH'S RES sula from Jamestown and 14 miles dis- tant from Willlamsburg lies Yorktown. E OF POCAHONTAS. era in America came to an end. ing some $10,000,000 with a view to re- be Cramton bill recently passed by Con-| Yorktown to pass through it. gress and signed by President Hoover. | Preliminary to the developm BEoth will be linked with Williamsburg, | (Continued on Fourth Page.) Steps Why I’'m an American er Tells of His Trials as He Adapted Himself to His New Environment. fascinating description of the forests | and rivers. | When the villagers heard where he had been they dragged him evenings |f-om one homc to another and filled | him with wine and food and listened to | the wonderful tales about that distant country. He was the hero of our village. When Spring came we were all uneasy and afraid that the gypsy would disap- pear again as he had on the two previ- ous occasions. He stayed on. He shod horses, sharpened plowshares, and stayed. The girl was happy. Her love was stronger than the lure of the road. ©One day two gendarmes appeared and inquired whether a gypsy named so- and-so was in the village. It turned out that instead of being in America the gypsy had been in gaol for horse steal- in, 8. I bore him no ill will for his lying, but I did regret not to be able to ask more information about America. During the wedding festivities a wit nicknamed the blacksmith “The Ameri- can.” By this name the man is known to this day; and is still made to tell storfes about the America which he has never seen. Books Tell Authentic Story. As soon as I had learned to read I obtained what books I could about that far - away country. Chateaubriand’s “Attala” had just been translated then, and T learned French with a dictionary in order to be able to read Fenimore Cooper's romances, in all of which red Indians stalked naked through primeval forests. “That kind of reading filled my mind and excited my imagination. It made the most romantic people about me seem very drab indeed; the men and women without animation, the river without majesty, the forest without terror. When I was 13 years old my family moved to a laiger town. In the shoe- maker's shop one day my eyes were drawn toward a picture of a very home- ly man on the wall. The shoemaker was a German. When asked who that man was he told me that it was the picture of Lincoln. Lincoln! What a name! How weird it sounded to my Latin-tuned ears! A great admirer of the Liberator, though he had never been across the sea, the shoemaker knew many more things about America than I had learned till then. It was the shoemaker who spoke to me about Jefferson and about Lincoln and told me of their dreams and thelr plans and taught me the half dozen English words which he knew. “Yes. Civil war rather than slavery. It is better that 10,000 die than that a thousand should be slaves. That is democracy. Great duties.” Learned American Authors. I made many trips to that shoe- maker’s shop. He knew Lincoln’s speeches by heart. He recited them willingly. He even improved upon them. His blue eyes and his red beard were aflame when he spoke of his hero. His hero? Our hero. The years that followed were fraught with sorrow and crowded with inci- dents that led my family to leave the homeland. I landed in Paris. There I got acquainted with the writings of Thoreau and Walt Whitman, Bret (Cmun!lad on Fifth Page.) ] ERCOVICL wouldn't have him. She waited for her BYPSY. When Spring came and the gypsy hadn’t appeared my mother pressed the girl to accept the man who offered to marry her. “If he hasn't come in the Winter he surely won't come in the Spring.” The girl refused. And lo! and behold! when the second snow had fallen the gypsy appeared at our door. We heard him plead, and we heard her cry, but did not hear what they said. Suddenly the maid appeared in the doorway, with the gypsy standing behind her, and said: “Madame, do you know why he hasn't come? He was too far away to come. He was in America.” It was the first time I had heard of the existence of that far-away conti- nent. The young gypsy instantly became my hero, and the hero of the house- hold. I plied him with questions, and he told me marvelous stories about In- 2 tigers, and gave a most which is now undergoing a marvelous transformation at the hands of John D. | Six miles from this glamorous spot is | There, on October 19, 1781, the Coloniai | Rockefeller, jr. Mr. Rockefeller is spend- S amertonn Toiand sad ths Forklown | storing the town to the appearance. it Washington and Jeflerson, | battlefield have been set aside as a|had in the eighteenth century. The “national Colonial monument” and will | “national Colonial monument” will in- eserved for posterity by the Fed- | clude only enough of Williamsburg for eral Government under the terms of the | the highway joining Jamestown and | f the | U. S. MAY FEEL REACTION . OF HARD TIMES ABROAD {Upsetting of Governments on Demand for War Debts Revision Seen of Vital Concern. | [ Burope republics and dictatorshipe altke | can crumble under strain, and tr H}‘_léfe t::z“:f:‘:;i:e::x ‘i:":;’\: process of crumbling is going on visibly BY FRANK H. SIMONDS. \/ -\) moment T am writing, it {5 | CTOT® OUT OWR eyes. p]n}?‘;hn; on the lnr‘ger side Soviet Policy Stated. nothing but disappointment | Ang although it is easy to smile at ¥ill emerge from the eleventh annual|the calculations of the Soviet leaders, S committee, which Wil know how | Scwessme: the e Cor onoi o to avoid precipitate report or premature | necessary to perceive that tactics that recommendation. Henderson's great | are fytile in the United States can be appeal for some real as contrasted with | affecvive in Europe and are likely to be oratorical consideration of the matter emptyed by the directing minds in of disarmament has fared little better.| posagrw, even though their effect be Even the pressing economic problems | not tg establish bolshevist control but beyond the commission ~ :‘t‘;\‘:e not got Ve onlgdm undermine existing regimes. e reion L COre) AINPULIPALY | murea e e T WARESEI Europe became, for the time being an | ernpients of any en?“t?x‘e“c:;s”ld’er‘z‘:»‘i; academic discudsion, when the German | powers, because all such governments election disclosed the tremendous | were too solidly entrenched and, save spread within the Reich ofa nationalism | jn Ryssia, too completely accepted by which has set as its objectives ends | the \'nrloda PNP"-“ Nn' such situation that are attainable only by war. Dis- | of assured order exists in Europe today, armament discussion becomes little ' outeide of France and Britain and & more than a mockery while France and few of the smaller neutrals of the Italy are unable to accommodate their | world war. In a sense the situation jnaval programs or settle issues that | recalls that at the "fl'i close of the are driving both nations toward a new | world War when the sufferings of all competition alike in land and sea arma- | peoples had reached their frightful ments. maximum. French Problem Different. All who were in Europe in that Win- And on the economic side, while Brit- | ter of 1918-19 will recall the recurring ain has 2,100,000 unemployed and Ger- | Panizs produced by apparent signs of & many above three millions, France | sudden sweep of bolshevism westward to reckons her jobless at 1.500 and counts | the Rhine ~When Bela Kun was in the present year, which has been in |Budapest and Kurt Eisner in Munich, England and the Reich one of the most | the apprehensions in Paris were o disastrous in history, her high-water |acute that memory of them awakens Chark of all timé. ~ The proplem of | Amusement now, when their unreality is France is, then, quite different from |appreciated. Today, of course, no seri- that of her neighbors. Her concern is|Ous danger of a bolshevist push exists. for political security and not for eco- | After 11 years the physical condition nomic readjustment. of the masses of Russian workers and If the League of Nations sessions are | farmers alike is too well known to in- any barometer of the European situation | spire any imitation of the Russian ex- —and in the past they have fulfilled | periment. this purpose admirably—Europe s in Reaction Danger Seen. or a nter, nternationally and bad economically. 'In Germany the | 1t ¢ clearly white, *That is 10 525 what economic situation has produced a Po- | is ‘to be feared is not revolution but litical crisis that at least raises the |reaction. not dictatorship of the pro- Question of the survival of the republi- | Jetariat, but the dictatorship of some T Bugiand the compiete faflure of | S01AISE or politicias whoss parpase 1t 18 the Labor government to remedy the | 1o (SStFC UIe SHE Femombetel B unemployment crisis, which has already | ploument of force at home and abroad. proved beyond the capacity of the | P0RO%H X aRoe S icdne S0E e tine Torles, leaves Britain the prey to a » hopelessness that is unmistakable. The | Tstakacie tact, disclosed allke in Ttaly fundamental difference lies in the fact that, where misery may produce anarchy | Tent, that youth ls coming to the fore, in Germany, it cannot affect the solid | jamptuous of existing leaders, destitute foundations of orderly government In|of any respect for the old religion of Britain. democracy, a youth too young to remem- Debts Issue May Arise. ber the war, too inexperienced to per- Americans must perceive that tl ceive the limits of all forms of govern- existing situation in Europe is ment. but strong enough to impose its wl revive the latent hon(ulaybto :.hefl- will if it acts concertedly. selves. The old issue of debts . ginning to crop up again. Even the Economic Factor Vital. most conservative Germans are sendin; Ten years ago, when the peace out the warning that, if the industrial | treaties were just come in force, the crisis does not improve, the Young plan | common judgment was that if a decade will have to be suspended if not abro- | of ace could only be assured the gated, and any such suspension would | world would settle down to the order bring the war debts question instantly | thus established. Internationally: the to the fore. All returning travelers, too, | 10 years have come and gone with no report in varying terms the extent of |further considerable Eure conflict. European resentment provoked by our | but the economic factor upset new tariff ahd the extent of possible | calculations and almost universal pop. reprisal. ular unrest in Europe clearly ehl.\lcl':g!l In the larger sense what has hap- | the survival of much if not all that pened in Europe has been not alone | was decided at Paris. the arrest of that recovery from the| No sensible man will now forecast economic and industrial consequences of | immediate war in !}urnln or early revo- the war, but a palpable recession. In|lution in Germany, Poland, Italy, Aus- Britain one must go back to the days |tria or certain other countries in which of the general strike to find a parallel | hard times are exercising their sway. to present unemployment—and to 1921 | But by contrast every one at all fa- for equally bad trade figures. In Ger- | miliar with European conditions must many conditions suggest those follow- |see that the approaching Winter is ing the inflation crisis. ing to be a period of great strain and But while Britain and France, like | justified anxiety and t while it is the United States, live under political | possible and perhaps justifiable to dis- systems too firmly. established by time | count thé dangers, it would be futile to to be at the mercy of economic crises, | deny their existence. however severe, everywhere else in (Copyright. he | | | 1930.) Reichstag Has Few Lawyers on Roster, But Priest and Ministers Are Listed | BERLIN.—While American legislative A approximately 25 per cent with the | bodies, both State and Federal, usually | Socialists and Communists. Often have a large proportion of lawyers on | enough they are alloted places well their rosters, such is not the case in|down on the lists and with only a Germany. Of the 5,000 candidates con- meager chance for election except in | tending in the September 14 election | the case of those of special prominence only a small number were trained in the ' or_influence. law (no more than 18 lawyers sat in It is a paradoxial fact that those 'the last House), though virtually every | parties which have to rely strongest occupation was represented, many of | upon feminine votes in the main give | them being occupations from which women the poorest show in party man- | candidates in America seldom, if ever, | agement. At the last Berlin city elec- appear. | tions it was shown that only the So- 1 The number of priests and ministers | Clalists and Communists (those parties of the Gospel, for example, engaged in | UeAtng women = most generousiy) | commanded more male than female | potitics showed no decreae this Year. | votes, while the Nationalist candidates | sity professors of the Catholic theo- | o ool p‘&f:fl'{fl:"pm,fl-: logical faculty. The former Reichstag| party there was an even 50-50 vote, | counted two Protestant preachers and | Uhiie the Gentrist party benefited by a |five priests. In Germany neither the| redominant female vote of 65 per cent. | rules of the church nor custom prevent | = A" noteworthy feature of every Ger= |a clergyman from engaging actively in | man election is the number of votes | politics. He may campaign as Vigor-| having to be pronounced void for being ously for his political faith as for his | cast contrary to election rules. This religion. | number in ‘the last election reached Occupational figures for the last'430,000, amounting to 1.3 per cent of the Reichstag showed an interesting diver- total, A large proportion were so-called sity, and the composition of the present, “joker votes,” many people using their | House is not expected to be greatly dif- | polling visit'as an opportunity to offer | ferent when statistics are compiled. In| all kinds of political advice in both | the former body two saloon or wine res- | prose and poetry, or to express a per- taurant keepers, held seats; there were | sonal opinion of some candidate. Bible 32 teachers of all grades; the farming| verses are not infrequently called upon, element was represented by 63; com-| and apparently the Dictionary of Quo- | merce, industry and trade had 56; func- | tations is thumbed from end to end in | tionaries of the different political par-!many a home the night before election. ties totaled 79; editors and authors One man, wrath writ across his face, formed a phalanx of 76; 27 gave their | fulfilled his ire and his political prerog. occupation as “laborer,” most of them | ative by scrawling: | being Communists or Socialists. | You are nothing and These groups were, of course, promi- | Your work is nothing. | nently represented at the pools this| To choose you would be {montn, in"addition to numerous single | ‘A horror to the Lord. candidates from the ranks of science, 3 . | Soclology" (the Anti-Alconol party was | ,That the candidate never saw this | sentiment made no difference. The present) and other academic branches. | or"had gone to the polls, had had The old nobility was represented by | s~ sqy, ‘lx'wenty-flve per cent of the. 16 members in the former Reichstag. | giiciil voters don't do even that much, | They were Nationalists, Catholic Cen- | (Copyright, 1930.) | trists, or members of the People's party, | and one, Count Reventlow, was a Na- | | tional-Socialist. This last named fiery | ii | group, led by Hitler, can boast, by the Hawaii Unh.enefiled By New Pineapple Duty way, of some of the bluest blood in the | Reich, Prince August Wilhelm (the | Kaiser’s third son) and the Duke of | e TR | Saxe-Coburg, being members of the| Recent action by the United States 1g;rnw. though not candidates for elec-| Senate in voting an increase from 25 to | "t retired army and navy officers, |50 cents a crate on fresh pineapples | six formerly held seats. Several new | brings no particular satisfaction to candidates of their class, such as Gen. | Hawalian pineapple _interests. This on Seeckt and Gen. Von Bartenweffer (Ludendorfr's right-hand man_ during | TCTHOrY exports virtually' no fresh the war) were nominees for office this | Pineapples. Its great “pines” trade is time. built up of canaed pineapples, of which The role of the German woman in | it is the world's largest producer. The Reichstag elections, both as voters and | fresh pineapple tariff benefits chiefly candidates, has always been an inter- | the growers of Florida and Porto Rico. esting one, particularly since there are | The latter has by far the largest volume more female voters than male. Yet the | of domestic pineapples shipped fresh to fact is that there has been a steady de- | metropolitan markets. The chief for- crease in the last decade in the number | eign competitors of domestic producers | of woman Deputies. In 1920 there were 37, in 1924 only 33, and in the last | house 31. Their age varied generally between 40 and 50 years, with & few even older. The percentage of women placed on the party lists varies according to mas- lination. It runs from about per cent with the Centrists up to of fresh “pines” are Cuba, Mexico and Central American countries. Hawalian mnelpple interests would welcome an icrease in the tariff on foreign canned pineapple, to meet the threat of in- roads on American markets, but thus far have seen little to indicate that such n increase will be votsd by this Con- culine 5