Evening Star Newspaper, June 27, 1930, Page 28

B—-12 FREEPHLIPINES HELDBLONTOL.S. Senator Bingham Avers Plan Would Be Harmful to Com- merce and Diplomacy. A summation of the arguments against granting independence to the Philippine Islands was presented by Senator Hiram Bingham, Republican, of Connecticut last night over the Na- tional Radio s":'“’“- d-rnnned.::ly The Washington Star and broadcast over the coast-to-coast network of the Co- lumbia Broadcasting System. Senator Bingham said he thought | that the granting of immediate or proximate independence to the islands would be “harmful to the commercial and diplomatic interests of the United States and would entail serious inter- mational consequences.” The Connecticut Senator, who is shairman of the committee on terri- tories and insular affairs, said, further- more, that independence would be “ruinously disastrous to the welfare of | the Filipino le themselves.” He emphasized, however, that he ‘would be in favor of the islands becom- Ing an organized territory, like Alaska or H.lw-?‘ “We ought gradually to grant them more self-government.” he sald. “It should be our aim not to avold our responsibility by giving inde- pendence to the Filipinos but to devel Discusses Philippines . SENATOR BINGHAM. is by a reputation for fair dealing and Justice.” The Secretary's observations have led him to the beliet that America’s influ- ence in the Orlent today, exercised through its work in the Philippines as a government. is more important in its effect upon the surrounding group of nations, aggregating in population more than 450,000.000. than all the millions of money expended and the tremendous | and devoted efforts of missionaries and others through the entire East. He be- lieves, further, that “if our influence in the Philippines should be withdrawn a them as self-reliant citizens und 3! American flag.” The text of Senator Bingham's ad- | dress follows, in full: Pursuant to the request of The Wash- | ington Star, it is my privilege to "“} to you for a few minutes this evening! in that important newspaper's “Rldlo; Forum” upon the subject of indepen- dence for the Philippine Islands, an fore Congress in the form of & bill| which i now on the calendar of the Senate. In its considerstion it is myl purpose to address myself to the nega- tive side of the question, and in so doing it out some of the weightier rea- those of us who are opposed immediate or proximate in- dependence to these islands believe such action would not be only harmful to the ves. In addition to providing for the draft- | and ratification of a constitution g, volved, it to be shown that of independence at this| would advance the economic or | or the national secur- of the United States whole. The islands have great nt and enormous potential value 88 sources of needed raw materials, the| production of which may ultimately be| with mutual benefit to the, {i38e expended people of the United States and those | down the Philippine Islands. They con- umm;u an important present market g of independence at or in the near future distinct advantage of competitors is pointed el R. Williams of San' jormerly a judge in the Phil- & man who has given pro-| found study to the question. As Judge Williams says: “The Philippines offer to the United States s domestic and eontrolled source ! supply for essential tropical food products and raw materials for which/ ‘We are becoming increasingly dependent | upon the needs, the jealousies and the| ‘eontrols’ of competitor countries. They | also an ever-increasing market | for American farm products and manu- factured goods, and occupy a strategic position in the titanie struggle now shaping for commercial supremacy in the awakening Orient. A surrender of these advantages and opportunities ‘would be to play directly into the hands | of our trade rivals, which action, far from profiting the Pilipinos—whose wel- | drawn,” which, ! existence of such a possibility would | | Necessitate precautions on the part of {a [ would be increased naval demands. The | auo, and particularly America’s foreign | t in the political equilibrium of the Far void would be created proportionate to the size of the influences that is with- in his opinion, might readily upset the balance of Par Eastern relations to such an extent as to cause other governments to intervene. Naval Pact Figures. Still another angle to this many- sided problem ix touched upon in a brief of the American Asiatic Association, | which brings the subject of Philippine | independence into close relationship | with the present efforts for reduction in | naval armament. The association thus states this phase of the question: “With the present degree of national pressure, an independent Philippine territory would be a standing invita- tion to any acquisitive element which might temporarily gain control of the government of any one of the powers | interested in the Far East. The mere | the powers in that area. The inev- itable expression of these precautions United States is at present engaged in co-operation with the other leading na- val powers in an effort to reduce the great naval establishments of the world. Our withdrawal from the Philippines at this time would . disturb the present | balance of power in the Western Pa-| cific. The assurance of peace and sta- bility contained in the four-power pact | and any agreement which may come| from the London conference would be ! sensibly diminished. Developments of | this kind might well nullify all efforts for naval reduction and substitute sus- picion for llmhctlonmln th:dPlclflc rea. nrcu world peace should receive due consideration and adequate fon in connection with the " qu of Philippine independ- ence.” Discussing before the territories com- mittee the international urecu problem, Nicholas Roosevelt, cist of wide reputation, whose fi and observations of conditions in the Phil- ippines and of the Far Eastern status| policy in the Pacific. give weight to his | conclusions, declared that there has grown ur in the Far East “a relation- ship which is predicated on the pres- ence, the peaceful presence, backed by ;mhfiu'. o}!r llti;ed.‘ ?’rlsfln the United o] and Japan, and, inci- dentally, Prance.” Elaborating on this point, Mr. Roose- velt further said: | “It 18 to the particular interest of | Great Britain, the United States and Holland to see that there is no change | East, because what they want 18 two| things—they want peace from the point, | of view of international affairs, and they want internal tranquillity in’ their own possessions and in those territories which they govern out there. | U. 8. Thrown in by Geography. “The United States was thrown into this situation, you might say, largely by the forces of geography. The mere fact that the Philippines are part of a chain of islands that stretch from Japan | through the Dutch East Indies to Australia, and the fact that the United States is responsible for that particular part, put us in the position of| guardianship and has placed upon us| the responsibility of maintaining order there. * * * When we went into the Philippines we became responsible for them. We introduced an entirely new factor in the political situation in the | Far East, and if we withdraw now we | change the entfre relationship that ex- | ists there. * * * If we withdraw from there, from the point of view of any- body who is out in the East, it gives | the appearance that we are unable or unwilling or afraid to carry out the| responsibilities that we have undertaken | there. I think it would be followed by | very serious loss of face, loss of prestige, | and that in turn would mean a loss of influence commercially. politically, and in all our activities, certainly in China lnfltup and down that Far Eastern coast.” i T have attempted to show that the! | early termination of our guardianship| of the Philippines would be prejudicial | t0 our own economie interests, and might, | dangerously disturb the present politi- cal equilibrium in the Orient. | There is another element in the equa- | sion, however, that transcends in sig- nificance even these important. consid- erations. That element is the disas- trous effect such action would have | fare we pretend to serve—would bring | upon the 13,000,000 Filipinos themselven. misgovernment, privation and suffering | To quote again from l?!ud.ge Williams' them, and likely result in their | obeervations on this subject: | ‘upon eventusl obliteration as a race.” Cites Philippine Debt. “There is practical unanimity among | those having knowledge of the Orient Atiother argument against immediate | 210, \8 People and of the dire struggle or early independence for the islands is embodied in the situation respecting the for existence which grips their unnum- | bered millions that for the United very considerable debt. incurred by the aiang ool (s, the Filipinos adritt, Philippine government. Philippine borrds would not only spell unrelieved tragsdy Bave bosn: floated on the credit; not of | for them but would constitute a gross that government, but on the credit of | gssumed by the the United States, and on the belief of | betrayal of the obligations deliberately » American people in t hasers that the United States| aking over sovereignty of the islands the purel is standing behind the Philippine gov- ernment in issuing them. True, if the new Philippine government failed to meet such obligations, the customs re-| ceipts might be taken over to secure payment, but this provision might en-| tail us in acts easily to be construed as! unfriendly. | Any consideration of the interests of | the United States in the Philippines must take into account the question of our influence in the Orient. Our with- from Spain. Abandonment of the Phil- ippines by the United States—with a consequent raising of our tariff wall against Philippine products, a with- drawal of the gatuitous protection of our Army and Navy, and a leveling of the dikes which now stem an inrush of Chinese and other Asiatics—would mean that the mass of Filipinos (who now enjoy & standard of living and a security of life and property without parallel in the Orient) would easily sink | 1o the level of the most miserable coolie; drawal from the Philippine Islands prior | . | te such a time as the Filipino masses| have been given, in the language of the late Chief Justice Taft, when he was Secretary of War. “sufficient education ! o know their civil rights and maintain Who now swarm at their threshold.” Economic Catastrophe Seen. 1t is important to remember that even | the advocates of independence admit them against a more powerful class and | 1At 1t8 granting would be fraught with safely to exercise the political fran- chise.” would, besides jeopardizing our nterests in the islands, tend to create & state of unsettlement in the Far Eastern status quo. As a close student not only of condi- tions in the Philippines, bringing .to their problems a sympathetic interest, gratefully recognized by the Filipinos themselves, and as a keen observer of the trend of international affairs, Secre- tary of State Stimson is entitled to with exceptional authority on points. Appearing before the Senate Committee on Territories and Insular Affairs, the Secretary str the fact that “our future in the Far essed | tariff barriers grave difficulties of an economic nature. “There is no one in the Philippines,” said Speaker Manual Roxas of the Philippine House of Representatives, ' “who does not believe that a sudden! disruption of our economic relations | would produce serious embarrassment,| to our economic system.” And another | champion of independence, writing from Manila, says: “The phenomenal economic progress of the Philippines has been so based upon and bound up with free trade with America that if immediate independence should substitute for free trade hostile against them it would| undoubtedly prove for the Philippines; Bast turns upon our reputation for jus- tice and fair dealing with those to whom ‘we owe a trust. The only way in which n mnA-mn © ~e- trede can be built up an_economic ecatastrophe of the first | magnitude. 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