Evening Star Newspaper, June 2, 1930, Page 8

A8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Editien. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY..........June 2, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor per Company Business Office: jty 8t and Pennssivania Ave Ne Tk Office: 110 East 42nd 8 i fhce. 1 Rerent Enslana. Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evenine Star... ........45cpermonth e Evening and Sunday Siar ndays) 60¢ per month 5 (when 4 Ev 65¢ per month S 5T v oo B8 TOE-C0RY t the end of each month. t in by mail or telephone The Evening Star Newspa an ‘The Sunday St Collection made Qrders mav be e NAtional 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ! ¥1..8:0.00; . 88¢ ily and Sunday.....1 ily only . E .. 50c s A + $4.00: 1 mo.. 40c All Other States and C: E}:{ d Sunday. 1. 81 y an only . ay only Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively vntitled o the use for republication of ail news dis- o it ex not othernise cred- 0 ihe nada. $1.00 e 50c Toujours en Vedette. An impetuous Frenchman, giving Tein to the Latin temperament, might have let himself go more vehemently than M. Tardieu at Dijon yesterday, but he would have rendered a poor service to European peace. It was the French minister-president’s first public utterance since the London Naval Con- ference, and, more particularly, since Signor Mussolini’s recent oratorical fireworks. Those pyrotechnics were directed—or at least his perfervid Fascist cohorts so interpreted them when they shouted, “Down with France!"—at the neighbor- ing nation across the Alps. M. Tar- dieu would have been well within his prerogative in sending up a few French rockets and letting off a couple of Gallic pinwheels on his own account in rejoinder to the Roman candles ignited at Florence, Milan and Leghorn last month. He conspicuously refrained | from doing o, and Europe rests easier today for his sagacious and self-im- posed restraint. The vigorous new head of the French government did not, because he could not, entirely ignore the ebullitions of Mussolini, though M. Tardieu did not specifically stigmatize them. “France today,” he said, in terms which lack nothing in significance because of their calmness, “is in a position which frees her both from the need to fear or to { eral employes. lars would take care of themselves. Yet, as countless departmental chiefs and subordinate civil servants and especially as the appropriation commit- tees of Congress can testify, the Lord budgetary system was never maiked by any penny-wise pound-foolish adminis- tration. He interposed n> objection to wise expenditure. Gen. Lord served under three Presidents—Harding, Coo- lidge and Hoover. Each of them took repeated occasion to acclaim his em- inent value. His memory will long be revered at Washington as that of an uncommonly meritorious American who served his country long, faithfully and effectively. 2 o 2 U. S. Employes and Population. | Out in Chicsgo, where they make campalgn issues out of proposals to abolish King George of England, the | Chicago Tribune editorially points with | alarm to an increase of 11 per cent in | Washington's population s another | reason why Washington should be abol- ished. One of the Tribune's hobbies is to abolish the Capital or move It to Chicago—which amounts to the same thing. The 11 per cent gain in popula- tion, to the Tribune’s way of thinking, indicates an increasing bureaucracy and that the “Federal Government is hiring more hands.” One of the interesting points in con- nection with Washington's increase in population is the decrease, during the same decade, in the number of Fed- The peak in Federal employment was reached in 1918, but workers had been reduced to 90.000. A jcount taken during the last year showed a decline in Government employes to 52,140. While the Government em- { Ployes were decreasing by some 28,000 | the population was increasing in round numbers by 48,000, or eleven per cent. The eleven per cent increase falls below the percentage of increase in the preceding decade. But it does not tell the whole story. Washington is over- flowing the boundaries of the District rigorously fixed by statute. The real | increase in the population of the city will not become known until figures are atlable showing the growth in Wash- ington’s metropolitan district. For any other city the metropolitan area, or a large proportion of it, would be annexed and the corporate limits extended at will. Any other city could double or treble its area, continuing to draw tribute in taxes from those who, threat- ened by encroachment of business or invited to move by increasing taxes on city sites, have sought new homes farther afield. Washington's loss of home owners is a gain for Arlington boast.” The Dijon audience which M. ‘Tardieu was addressing seemed to con- sider this an allusion to Il Duce, and applauded long and loudly. It cheered the premier’s succeeding sally that Ger- many’s defeat in 1918 was the outgrowth of the “excess: committed by “Bis- marck and his successors.” ‘While M. Tardieu justified the French policy of remaining in position at all times to offer an impregnable defense | of her honor, security and national interests, he stressed France's devotion to the program of “organized peace.” His own government, he insisted, is “passionately interested” in the work ‘with which M. Briand has so long been associated, which must be a reference to the League, to Locarno and to the Kellogg-Briand pact. ‘The world must regret that the French at London last Winter, under the leadership of Tardieu and Briand, did not reveal that “passionate”-devo- tion to “organized peace” which the premier acclaimed at Dijon on Sun- day. At the Naval Conference France persistently demanded warship tonnage and a preponderance thereof, as far as Continental Europe is concerned, de- spite the complex organization for peace which bas been set up in the Old World—supplemented, s it is, in| France's case by a network of military alliances with smaller powers. M. Tardieu pleads in extenuation that the “international organization of peace is effective only if it associates strong peoples capable of contributing as much to the common defense as formerly they could to their own.” On its face, that is a doctrine with which most Americans will be in sgreement. Our own armaments, ashore, afloat and aloft, are maintained essentially for our own defense. But, as we were so Vig- ourously demonstrating to the world twelve years ago, times can come when Uncle Sam’s sinews of war are necessary he common defense.” It would be & rash prophet who would venture the prediction that they will never again be %0 employed. ———— Race horses cut down running time. The Graf Zeppelin does the same and is even more admired for novel and brilliant achievement. There is no standstill in the domain of sport. [ — Dry enforcement authorities complai that John Barleycorn has asserted him- self in literature and politics, both at once. Gen. Herbert M. Lord. Though he formally took leeve of it @ year ago to enter private business, American public life is the poorer for the passing of Gen. Herbe:t M. Lord. As director of ths budget virtually since its inception until 1928-—a span of seven years—Gen. Lord made and left a deep impress upon Federal affairs. The busi- ness organization of the Government, a5 Washington knows it today, w largely his creation, in so far as the policy of systematized retrenchment is concerned. To the inculcation of that unpopular program Gen. Lord devoted himself unremittingly. That it be- came a progressively accepted scheme throughout the spending departments of the Government was due in primary degree to the budget master's tactics. Gen. Lord, early in his career as the County, Prince Georges County, Mont- gomery County, Fairfax or Alexandria County. In Washington's case another impor- tant element accompanies the exodus of city dwellers to the suburbs, for the Federal Government, by increasing its purchases for new buildings or parks, reduces the city's taxable ares upon which the city depends for revenue. ‘This may have no immediate effect upon the actual amount of revenue that is produced from the remaining area. In some isolated instances the law of supply and demand tends to in- crease the value, for sales, of the dimin- ishing amount of area avallable for development, and there is an actual in- crease in revenue. But the whole tendency is to decrease the taxable por- tion, increase assessments to make up for the decrease and thus throw an increasing tax burden upon a diminish- ing area. This is to be considered in connection with the inevitable trek of the population from the high-priced and highly taxed areas toward the cheaper and less congested sections. Here such sections lie outside of Wash- ington. Thus the city loses in taxable area, loses potential gains in popula- tion and revenue that would eisewhere accrue to a city by reason of such gains. e e It is always Sir Thomas Lipton's pleasure to demonstrate that there is a form of ccntest for sea supremacy that can always be carried on without fear of interrupting a good understanding. ..... e - The Flexible Tariff. The flexible provision of the tariff bill again comes before the Senate for eonsideration in a second conference report. It should be approved. The pro- vision is a safety valve for American business and for the American con- sumer. If conditions of foreign compe- | tition with American goods change, the [nexiblr provision oifers a remedy. | When the American people stop to con- sider that Congress has now been labor- ing for a yes d a half on the present tariff bill and it has not yet completed iits labors, they will be all the more interested in a provision of law which | can improve conditions for business and |for the consumer without having to wait for Congress to go through the motions, the long political debates that have little, if anything, to do with the actual situation and in many instances nothing whatever to do with economic conditions. duty in the tariff law on a dutiable article, but only after an investigation by the United States Tariff Commis- sion and a recommendation by that commission. The Tariff Commission | | thorough investigation of all tariff problems. It is far better able to make such an inquiry than is Congress, and, & matter of fact, Congress has relied, to & great extent, upon the experts of | the commission in drafting tariff legis- |lation in the past. The flexible pro- | vision was first written into the tariff | structure in 1922 when the McCumber- | Fordney law was enacted. It is in the | law now. Despite the outery raised by Democrats and insurgent Republicans over the flexible provision during the consideration of the pending bill, it has Nation's cheeseparer-in-chief, braved a good deal of more or less good-hum:red bantering when he established the famous “Woodp=ckers' Club” and the “Two Per Cent Club” within the Fed- eral organ'sm. With a native-born Yankee's penchant for dry wit, Geén Lord had a knack of humanizing the drab duty of saving Uncle Sam's money. His addresses at the semi-an- nual “business meetings” of the govern- ment were invariable treats., He knew how to preach Government economy in | of the administration in this matter. The pending tariff bill has been the pointed parables. He had a genius for dramatizing statistics. He was not ashameq of spreading the gospel, as he did day in and day out, that if Federal officials and employes would léarn how 2 aave the pennies, the taxpegers’ dol- | worked onfy in the interests of the | pecple in the past. It offered, however, | & target for the anti-administration | Republicans and the Democrats in their efforts to attack Mr. Hoover. The | “coalltion” succeeded early in the con- sideration of the tariff bill in adoptng an amendment striking out the pawers | granted the President and the Tariff | Commission upder this provision. But the House hes cverwhelmingly stood back subject of unrestrained attacks. Many ef these attacks have come from sources which apparently have no information as to what the bill actually provides. It has become the fashion, too, for THE EVENI representatives of foreign interests to belabor tariff duties designed to bene- fit American business, the American farmer and American labor. These in- terests have benefited through the de- sire of the administration's opponents in the Senate to make a showing against the tariff revision which was demanded by President Hoover in accordance with the platform pledges of the Republican party in the 1928 campaign. ‘The bill, when it is finally enacted, will be far more in accord with the party pledges and with the recommen- dations of the President than at first was believed possible in view of the early attitude of the Senate. However, conditions do change and, furthermore, there are likely to be rates in the bill, reached as a matter of compromise, which should have adjustment. Under the flexible provision the tariff com- mission and the President will be in a by 1920 the number of Government Under the flexible provision of the teriff bill the President is authorized | to change by 50 por cent the rate of | has been set up to make an expert and | position to deal with these inequalities. The opposition to the flexible provi- sion has had much to say about the ‘vlls of the delegation of power to make Tates. They maintain that Congress should make these rates, and no other body. The same line of argument, how- ever, might be applied to raliroad rates, which affect every man, woman and child in the United States. Yet Con- gress has nothing to do with the mak- ing of railroad rates, except in so far as the interstate commerce legislation specifies that rallroad rates shall be reasonable, non-discriminatory and yield & fair return. Congress has delegated this rate-making power to the Inter- state Commerce Commission. Any pro- posal that Congress itself should under- take to deal with the rallroad rate structure today would be met with de- rision. - Early in the special session of Con- gress called by President Hoover last year to deal with farm relief and tariff it became evident that Democratic op- position would seek to delay final action on the tariff bill as long as possible. If it could delay the new tariff law until just before the congressional elec- tions next November, the Democrats figured it would make an issue for them. They have succeeded so far that the final enactment of the bill into law, if it comes, will take place less than five months before the election. The Republican leaders say they are per- fectly willing to meet the tariff issue. All they desire is that it shall become an issue without further delay. ————— President Hoover goes trout fishing. He is supposed to be for a while care free. Yet if he is with other fishermen, there is no end. to the argument possible as to which fly to use under certain circumstances. e e Any candid student of the weather will testify that the tariff cannot possibly be held responsible for & tem- porary falling off in the demand for straw hats and bathing suits. e It must be realized by Mr. Grover ‘Whalen that elegance of attire is no bar to political advancement. Mr. J Hamilton Lewis long ago proved this. o o One way to embarrass statesmen is to represent them as personally re- sponsible for the variations arising from shifts in economic conditions. e r—e——— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Travel. Travel's pretty much the same As in the early day When ancient nomads played the game And wandered on their way. The horse and wagon came along And seemed a little slow. The driver heard the voices strong ‘That told him where to go. Steamboat plowing through the wave, And airplane through the sky! Here comes Graf Zeppelin so grave And graceful there on high. But passengers still understand Thelr customary care. They tell the cap'n where to land And kick about the fare. Peace Demonstration. “Isn’t that a sprig of mint in your buttonhole?™ “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “For years 1 have been a dry, but I want 1o conciliate my wet constituents. I'm wearing this instead of an olive branch.” Jud Tunkins says the electric light is the great invention that kept Edison awake nights and now prevents every- body from going to sleep. Gorgeous Survival. The Turks have dropped the raiment fine ‘That rendered bright so many lives. But, thanks unto the Mystic Shrine, ‘The old magnificence survives, Unsafety. “It is wonderful to be able to feel that | there was no danger at the air circus.” “But there was danger,” insisted Miss ICayenne, “The automobile jam was something terrifying.” “A philosopher,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “shows his greatest wis- dom in being & suffizient business man t0 sell his books " | Frozen Sweets. The bee exclaimed, “Oh, what's the use! ‘The climate isn't nice! | When trying honey to produce, | T met a water ice. “When de whale swallowed him,” sald Uncle Eben, “Jonah made de mistake of not havin’ camera men on hand to prove it.” e Aun Optimist. Prom the Springfeld (Mass.) Republican, Chalrman Legge of the Federal Farm Board is completing his frst ‘e;‘ in office with the hope that the year is the hardest. P Proper Room for Protest. Fio mthe Terre Haute Star. It is about time some British and Japanese experts lodged a protest against America’s rapidly, expanding fleet of cup defend More Songs. From the Harrisburs Pennsylvania Teleargph There's at least one thing tc be said for the radio—it can beat a brass band all to pieces wearing out a popular song. R Hope for Proofreaders. Prom the Sprinafield (Mass.) Repubaean, Senator Robsion of Kentucky has been nominated without opposition to succeed himself; thus giving the proofs readers another opportupity to get his oame straight &8 prink ¢ NG STAR ASHING'I THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. What is the best way to ride on a street car? ‘The question is, whether it is bet- ter to go into a daze at the beginning until the end or to read a book, paper or magazine. A third course is to study the faces of one’s fellow passengers. In these three methods are summed up the fine art of riding on public conveyances. Here is an action which scores of thousands of city human beings in- dulge in every day. If it is done, it might as well be properly done. Some attempt to es- cape the necessity by taking to motor cars, but then they face parking prob- lems, trafic officers, road laws and the like. Getting downtown and getting back— that is the essential problem, no mat- ter how one accomplishes it, or the means by which one attempts it. * Kk ok % Going into & daze Is & very popular method. This does not necessarily mean that one loses consciousness, like the young seat of the bus, and did not wake up until his proper corner. The daze of street car riding is utterly different. It involves “just set- tin.” of which art the masters are men and women of certain tempera- ments. . Often one_ will see an_elderly man or woman who “just sets,” not talking, scarcely looking, but not missing a all appearances. ‘The rest of us cannot hope to become adepts so easily, but it is easy to do as | well as we can, of course. L ‘The street car offers our best chance. Once aboard, it is feasible—nay, best —to sink into a state of mind from which only an accident could arouse us. Statistics show that there is only one fatality to every 36,000,000 miles of street car riding, as compared with one fatality for every 46,000 miles of air- plane travel. (Statistics from Fortune.) ‘This shows, if it shows anything, that Heaven still helps the working girl. This infinitesimal danger gives one both the opportunity and the right to go into a daze (maybe doze would be a better spelling) the moment one boards a street car. Seated comfortably, one may forget the distance to be covered, the land- marks along the way, the traffic lights, the passengers, the raté of speed or lack thereof. In a daze, one “comes to” just in time to get off at the right correr. This is being an expert to & purpose. X% Our second method of passing the tiresome hours away, that of reading, is preferred by many, and as heartily detested by others. The writer here confesses himself in the latter classi- fication. Yet it may be admitted that a good to forget the miles very painlessly. What bores the average street car rider is not the stopping to take on fellow farers, but rather the necessity for realizing that one has just passed that funny old house on the corner, and that three-fourths of the trip, there- fore, remains before one. . By studiously looking at the pages Col. Lindbergh took time off from Father-in-law Morrow's senatorial cam- paign to fly to Washington the other day for a sclentific conference. Its pur- pose was not disclesed, by it apparently had to do with exploration affairs, judg- ing by the men with whom “Lindy” communed. They were Dr. John C. Merriam, president of the Carnegie In stitution _of Washington, Charles G. Abbot, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. The other member of the conferring foursome was Col. Henry Breckinridge of New York Lindbergh’s personal attorney and ad- viser, who flew to Washington with him. The Carnegie Institution is engaged in extensive _archeological cperations in Mexice. The Smithsonian, which is the resting place of the Spirit of St. Louis, engages periodically—when its meager funds permit—in scientific rr-l search all over the world. Perhaps there's a scheme to draft the intrepid knight of the air for exploring services in domains inaccessible to mere footed bein * ok % John W. Garrett, American Ambas- sador to Italy, is home on leave at a psychological moment—when Mussolini has the whole world guessing when, where and why Italy is going to war. It isn’t difficult for Mr. Garrett to keep in touch with President Hoover and Secretary Stimson, for his home is on the outskirts of Baltimore, no: more than an hour's drive from Wash- Ambassador Garrett has been being an old-hand diplomat, didn’t take him long (o learn the ropes He probably is loaded with “low down” “about Mussolini. What the United States Government and pecple are anxious to know is whether 1l Duce's recent martial out- m has its war paint on and means business some bloody day. * X ¥ x William E. Humphrey of Washington State, chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, is the latest victim of mi- crophone stage fright. When he went on the air the- first time the other mission affairs, he confesses the life was almost terrified out of him. *“In more than 40 years of public speaking,” says Humphrey, “I never experienced such qualms, were frightened on the occasion of ra- dio debuts, but they tell me they re- covered their equilibrium as they went on talking. But I stayed scared all of my 15 minutes.” %k Word_reaches Washington that M Paul Claudel, accomplished French Ambassador to the United States, is in hot water at Paris for bringing two American automobiles back to France with him. He not only did that, but, iin Parisian newspaper interviews, rhap- sodized over the excellence of Ameri- can cars. As France imposes pretty stiff tariff rates on Yankee autos and has a very extensive and aggressive motor industry of its own, Frenchmen don't quite understand how Claudel “gets that way.” A good deal of Am- bascador Edge’s first year in Paris has been spent In trying to make the French government treal American au- tomobile imports more generously. o oK K Mrs. Ellis A. Yost, Republican na- tionzl commitieewoman from West Vir- ginta, and Washington representative of the Woman's Christian Temperance | Union, ‘has been looking_over the po- { litical situation in the Capital. Mrs Yost enjoys the distinction of being conspicuously mentioned for bsth the congressional nomination from her home district of Huntington and the West Virginia senatorial nomination. In all of the “possibilities” eligible to ! succeed Senator Goff, who is retiring. | Mrs Yost has figued along with sev- | eral males, a d'stinction in itself. She is wiles removed from the traditional type of either temperance worker or woman politician. being slight of figure, soft of voice, witty, vivacious, and un- usually easy to look at. Mrs. Yost knows politics from A to Z, and G. O. P. politics and politicians in particular If the Republicans of West Virginia de- cide to pit her against former Senator Neely, prospective Democratic nominee, even that good vote-getter will know he has a race on his hands. * ko % Ambassador Dawes is bringing home with him this month a distinguished British exposition expert, ON; D€ | house on the corner. | clean, in other words. of the trip and not come out of it| | peers ‘at him from the second-floor | ing longingly at the passing cars. | for it, and to wish that he might not | man who went to sleep in the back | thing, although in a comatose state, to | book, paper or magazine enables one | WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. | ternational exhibitions at the Windy | sition at Brussels in quest of ideas. | profes: night, to deliver an address on com- | I've heard of others who | llullfll!'. to bring MONDAY, of his book, the passenger carefully re- frains from observing the curious old He misses it He misses the bulldog that usually porch. At first the dog had interested him. He found it an entertaining dog, a dog of pathetic aspect, forever gaz- Time, cruel time, rendered the dog tame. He came to expect it, to look see it. Then one morning he hit upon | the expedient of a book. The first morn- ing, even the second and third morn- ing. he still saw his bulldog. The fourth morning, however, he missed the dog, and he hasn't seen it | since. So there is something to be said, after all, for reading on street cars. 3 s Study of fellow passengers’ faces is our last, and perhaps best, suggestion to_the great traveling public. It is true that this is not novel, but what suggestion is? As long ago as Solomon, it was said that “There is nothing new under the sun.” We know this is a good suggestion, because observation of others is so often forgotten. Proof of this is to be found in the utter boredom which appears on the faces of all too many street car riders. 1f they would condescend to become human, as it were, they would discover that yonder fellow passenger is an in- teresting study, that they themselves are Interesting studies, that even the conductor and motorman are worth looking al | * K K K We have commented before in this column upon the utterly vacant ex- pression in the majority of street car riders’ faces. “Wooden faces, city faces, Indian faces,” we said. We com- mend that line to all passengers. It is true, and the more one observes, the truer it becomes. ‘Th: average city resident, drawn to the metropolis from a smaller place, in all probability & small town, pictures for himself a line of conduct which rep- resents his idea of the way a city man acts. When this is combined with a cer- tain amount of suspicion, although it may be unknown to its possessor, the result is a man or woman who somehow feels it is wrong to seem interested in others, The resulting product is the so-called typical eity man or city woman. o If human beings were, in all truth, as indifferent to one another as street car riders seem to be, it is questionable whether every one would not move back to the farms and the small towns as fast as one could go. The truth is that the attitude is false; the expressionless face is a mask; the indifference to others is assumed, faked, if you will. One has but to concentrate on the faces in any car to realize the truth of these observations, we believe. ‘These wooden faces will limber up, each one at a certain time and place. Eyes that are expressionless now will gleam then, voices that are mute will burst into an amazing variety of ex- pressions, wooden faces will become hu- man faces at last. Some one else pos- asiace the key to the combination, that s all. Cole, until recently director of the ex- hibitions division in the overseas trade department of the London foreign office. Chicago has commissioned Sir | Henry to assume the direction of in- Cit; 1933 world fair. Cole resigned his British government job in order 0 spend the next three years in Chi- cago. He and Dawes have just been visiting the Belgian centennial expo- By on Sir Henry Cole is a soldier. He has a distinguished military career | to his credit in India. Cole has repre- sented Britain at international exposi- tions in Paris and Rio de Janeiro and | was chiefly responsible for the British exhibition at Wembley, in 1924. Mo AL Katsuji Debuchi, Japanese Ambas- ador to the United States, is just back | from an official trip to the Pacific | Coast. While in Washington, Oregon |and California he had opportunity to | acquaint himself at first hand with up-to-date coast opinion on the ques- tion of Japanese immigration. All in- formation available at the National Capital is that the coast, and Cali- | fornia in_particular, has pretty much | conquered its yellow complex. Business ;m(n especially view the exclusion issue | through more friendly spectacles. While | Ambassador Debuchi was in the West | the Foreign Trade Convention at Los | Angeles, which included more than | 1,000 coast merchants, manufacturers |and exporters, voted unanimously in avor of the plan subsequently launched by Represeniative Johnson of | ington to put Japan on the jmmigra- | tion quota basis, | (Copyright, 1930.) e« Crime Survey Shows | Chicago Rates Well | Prom the Utica Observer-Dispatch. Chicago has been used rather hard in reports of crimes of violence and has | been given a reputation which it does | not deserve, if we are to take a report | which Police Commissioner ~Grover | Whalen of New York City has made | within the last few days and which makes some interesting comparisons. The New York commissioner says | that crimes of violence decreased 11 per cent in that city in 1929 as com- | pared with the record for 1928. In | 1928 there were 7,878 crimes of violence and in 1929 the number was 7,00.| | However, murders increased from 339 | to 357. The decrease in the total num- | | ber was in assault and robbery, bur-| glary and felonious assault. | Comparing erim-s of violence in seven | of the largest cities, the commissioner | gives the following figures, based upon | the percentage per 100.000 population: New York, 74.1; Philadelphia, 110. | Detroit. 2824; Chicago, 306.7; Clev | ‘and, 467.5; Los Angeles, 535.6, and St. Louis, 705.7. Cleveland, Los Angeles and St. Louis | are_shown by this report to be dis- | cregited with more crimes of violence | than Chicago, which has come in the | | public mind to be catalogued as the seat of highest criminality of & violent | nature, Chicago's reputation has evidently | been based upon the venality of its | political gang which permitted its finan- cial condition to become so beggared | and depraved that the credit of the city | was shaken and there were no funds | which could be us-d to pay its teacher police and fire departments and other activities, and none could be borrow It became necessary for private indi- | viduals o raise a fund amounting to | several million dollars to carry the city | through a period of several months. | The question will arise in many minds | | Whather these politicians should not be | | lent crim's and 1obbed the city of a good name anc | bleckened its | oftense against the millions of reputable citizens who make that city their home. e Follow the Crowd. From the Akron Beacon Journal. They should have known the prisons would get overcrowded when they began sending the best people there, S Even Farmers Benefit. From the Toledo Bla Kentucky farmers have acquired the habit of looking to the Derby | | | | JU. The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Rarely has there been a more bitter intraparty _struggle than the cam- paign which is being waged today in North Carolina over the Democratic senatorial nomination. Senator Sim- mons, veteran Democratic leader, is fighting with his back to the wall to win renomination. Aligned against him are political enemies\ which he has made during his long career in the | Senate and House, plus some of his former lieutenants who parted Wwith him because of his opposition in 1928 to the Democratic national ticket headed by former Gov. Alfred E. Smith of New York. The feeling aroused in the Tar Heel State is intense. Sen- ator Simmons, who has never run away from a fight in his long career, has ac- cepted the issue. He has interpreted it as an effort to turn the democracy of his State over to Tammany and the wets, notwithstanding the fact that his| chief opponent, Josiah W. Bailey, is an ardent dry. Mr. Bailey, however, fol- lowed the wing of his party which remained regular in 1928. x K K K Another issue has been interjected into the senatorial race, however.” The Simmons supporters claim that a large number of Negro voters have been registered in the Democratic primary this year and that they are aligned with “the Bailey support. In North Carolina, although Negroes have par- ticipated to some extent in elections, heretofore, few of them have been regis- tered as Democrats. It is the old race issue, therefore, which has raised its head again there. Thirty years or more ago Senator Simmons won his great fight in the State when he stood for white supremacy. And now the same issue has been raised for him again. The Bailey people admittedly do not like the issue a little bit. They are doing all they can to offset the assaults of the Simmons leaders by declaring that it was through the action of Democrats who, like Senator Sim- mons, cpposed Al Smith in 1928 that the State was carried for President Hoover. Then they point to the so- called De Priest incident, when the wife of the only Negro member of the House was entertained at tea by Mrs. Hoover in the White House last year. And so you have it. EE e President Hoover carried North Caro- lina by more than 61,000 voigs two years ago. At the same time the Democratic candidate for governor was elected with a majority ot 72,000. So deeply did the issue of 1928 cut into the Democratic ranks of North Caro- lina, More Democrats, however, voted for Smith than for Hoover, many thou- sands more. If all the supporters of Smith in the 1928 election, therefore, should vote for Bailey, Simmons would necessarily be defeated. But it is not likely to work that way. Senator Sim- mons has a large personal following in the State. If he has made some en- emies in his long career in the Senate he has also made many friends. A This has been a bad year, however, so far for political veterans who have had to go to the polls. Take the case of Senator Charles S. Deneen of Illi- nois. He was badly defeated by Mrs. Ruth Hanna McCormick in the pri- mary in April for the senatorial nomi- nation of the Republican party. Then u in Pennsylvania Secretary James J. Davis of the Department of Labor, who never before ran for elective office, took Senator Joseph R. Grundy for a ride in the senatorial primary there, de- feating the veteran political boss by upward of 200.000 votes. And in the same primary Gifford Pinchot, a kind of political pariah State, despite the fact he once before was elected governor, succeeded appar- ently in winning the gubernatorial nomination from Francis Shunk Brown, who had organization support of the strongest kind. Mr. Brown and his friends are still contesting the Pinchot election, but it looks as though Pinchot had won the victory. . F e It was only a little more than & year ago when political wiseacres were pull- ing long faces 'and talking about what a drubbing the people of the Southern States would give to the Democratic leaders in Congress who had supported Al Smith. But it does not seem to have worked out so badly after all for the Democrats who remained ‘‘regular” in the 1928 contest. Georgia, Senator Glass of Virginia, Senator Harrison of Mississippi and Senator Sheppard of Texas all seem to be doing well. Harris will probably have no opposition in his race for re- nomination. Glass is entirely without opposition, notwithstanding the threats of the anti-Smith Democrats in 1929, and Senator Pat Harrison will swim along in the Senate again as easily as though there had never been a con- test over Al Smith in 1928. Senator Sheppard may have opposition, but he appears to be in a fair way to win easily. The voters out in Towa today are de- termining whether Representative Dick- inson or Gov. Hammill shall have the Republican senatorial nomination. Most of the political observers are inclined to give Dickinson the edge in this tight, although Gov. Hammill has a strong fol lowing. There are two other candidates for the nomination, but they are not likely to figure, except a votes from one or the principal contestants. One of them is Maj hart’s campaign for the senatorial nom- ination against the late Senator Cum- mins in 1926. Senator Brookhart, how- ever. has kept clear out of the present primary campaign and instead of going out to Iowa to take part has been in the South for some time. It has been gener- ally reported, however, that Senator Brookhart would prefer the nomination of Dickinson rather than of Gov. Hammill, In a measure the tariff bill has been mixed up in the campaign for senatorial nomination in Iowa. Gov. Hammill started out by denouncing the tariff bill as it passed the House, declaring that if enacted into law it would place ad- ditional billions of cost upon the Amer- ican people. He has modified his at- tacks somewhat, however, on the tariff in recent weeks and cut down a great deal the amount he figured it would originally tax the American consumers. Dickinson on the other hand has sup- ported the tariff in the main, Holding that it will, through increased rates on agricultural products, help the farm- ers. Both Hammill and Dickinson have eclared their loyalty to President Hoo- ver and the success of either of them could not be construed as an attack on the administration, it is said. Gov. Hammill has declared that if elected and sent to Washington he will support the administration, and that he has been in favor of g limited revision of the tariff such as was demanded by the President when he called the spe- clal session of Congress last’ Spring. The campaign between Hammill and Dickinson has been largely a campaign of personalities and some of the voters are reported to be rather sick of the whole thing. Senator Steck, the Demo- cratic incumbent, will be renominated without opposition. This is one seat in the Senate which the Democrats have about conceded to the Republicans. in the November elections. * ok ok % The outcome of the fight for the Re- | classed among the perpetrators of vio- 'publican nomination for the Senate in eration, Ceriamly they assaulted New Jersey apparently hinges now on plying machinery. industrial organiza- the strength supporters insist that far” larger vote th: has been expected in any quarter. The diys have rallied are inclined to admit that the race is now between their candidate and Fort, with the former Senator Frelinghuysen in third place. The outcome of a tri- angular race is always difficult to pre- dict, particularly when each candidate has a very considerable following, how- ever. The primary takes place June 17 and during the next two weeks the candidates are expected to get down o campaigning. Mr. Morrow's on the prohibition issue ob- first : in the Keystone | Senator Harris of | rank Lund, who managed Brcok- | BY FREDERIC I This newspaper puts at your disposal | a corps of.trained researchers in Wash- | ington_who will answer questions for you. They have access to the Govern- ment departments, the libraries, mu- seumns, galleries and public_butidings, and to the numerous assoclations which maintain headquarters in the Nation's | Capital If they can be of assistance to | you, write your question plainly, and | Send_with 2 cents in coin or stamps to The Evening Star Information | Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director,| Washington, D. C | Q In what picture did William | Powell play his first role?—J. . | 'A. With John Barrymore in “Sher- | lock Holmes" in 1921. | Q. What is meant by single standard and double standard?—E. C. A. The terms are used both in| ethics and in money. In the first case, | they refer to what is known as the | double standard of morals, Wwhereby | certain privileges are allowed to men that are not permitted to women. In money the double standard is & mon- | etary ‘standard based on both gold and | silver as the material of the circulating | medium, distinct from the single stand- ard based upon either gold or silver. Q. How many labors was Hercules | given to perform?—S. R. A. The classic labors of Hercules numbered 12. Q. Is there a fine imposed if a player | does not go to the bench immediately when a base ball umpire tells him to do s0?—C. E. A. The official rules provide that “a fine of $5 shall be assessed against any player or coach who fails to be seated on his bench within one minute after ordered to do so by the umpire.” Q. Was Kathleen Norris graduated from college?—W. W. A. She was educated by her parents and private teachers and took a special course of a few months at the Uni- versity of California. Q. When did India become tributary to Great Britain?—C. A. T. A. A large part of India was under British control as early as 1745, when there was a war for the supremacy in India between Britain and France, the result of which was not determined until 1751. There was much insurrec- tion and the incident of the Black Hole of Calcutta, when 147 Englich soldiers were confined in a small air- less dungeon, occurred June 23, 1757. Only 23 were taken out alive the next morning and of these some were in- sane. This regrettable incident proved the_foundation of British rule. The transfer of the Indian government to the British crown occurred in 1858, and Queen Victoria was proclaimed Em- press of India, 1877. Q. What is a ballad>—R. C. C. A. A new reference book on music says: “Ballad—originally used to signify a song with simple melody and accom- paniment—now applied to songs of story-telling content as well as to in- strumental compositions in which the narrative idea is present.” Q. When did Ziegfeld enter the the- atrical field>—J. S. H. A. He started In Chicago in 1892 and brought military bands from Europe | for the World Fair in Chicago in 1893. Q. What is Stisgel glass?—E. B. A. Henry William Stiegel was born in Germany in 1729, and emigrated to the | New World in 1750. At his glass fac- | tory at Mannheim, Lancaster County. Pa,, it is said that the most beautiful glass ever blown in America was pro- duced. The name Stiegel as applied to American glass has become almost | generic. Quantities of glass, old and' ‘Taft Gift for I The spirit which prompted the gift, of $2.000,000 by Mrs. Charles P. Taft | for the teaching of the humanities| | meets with wide approval. The fund, given as a preliminary endowment for the work of a department at the Uni- versity of Cincinnati in memory of her husband, who s a publisher and a brother of the late Chief Justice Taft, is considered characteristic of the donor. Characterizing the generous gift as | one which “will develop a power in a | fleld where creative work is needed,’ the Columbus Ohio State Journal re- marks in appreciative mood: “Over & long term of years and with marked generosity members of the Taft family have shown their love for the city of Cincinnati and their eagerness to help promote its interests. They have given their help in many fields. Industry, the arts, civic improvements and all | else that would help promote material |interests and bring spiritual betterment | have been helped with wise counsel and | | magnificent financial assistance. Re- | | peatedly the Taft family has planned | some {mprovement for the city, then | paid the entire cost, while all net results | were for the advantage of the publi | _“Mr. Taft, who was late owner of | nati Times-Star,” says the | Cleveland News, “will have a living me- | morial supplementing—as a forceful fac- tor in contemporary educational life any silent tribute of granite or marbl |shatt. * * * In confining the gift to | ‘the humanities' concerned with the de- velopment of ideas. thought end char- acter, it will be peculiarly appropriate. Mainly because the interest of Mr. Taft in the advance of art and culture was probably equaled only by his inter- est in the progress of the University of Cincinnati. Therefore, in the teaching of language, history, philosophy, eco- nomics and other subjects, his influence will go through coming years in the place where he would most prize its liv- ing presence. What finer memorial could any one have than that?” Referring to the announcement of the |gift as “an extremely interesting event in the educational world,” the Boston Transcript continues: “It represents the |impulse in the mind of a highly cul- | tured lady,'remembering the influence | and the enthusiasms of an equally cul- | tured and gre inded husband, away | from purely physical and material ef- | fort or cholce in education. The late | | Charles P. Taft, as Mrs, Taft says in announcing the gift, was deeply inter- ested all his life in the advance of cul- | ture and art. This interest is her own. She says in her explanation: ‘Without | wishing to lessen efforts for the mate- rial and physical betterment of man- kind, I believe there is danger of a lack of emphasis on the value of thought and conduct and character. * ¢ ° To whatever refinements of dis- cussion this extremely interesting en- dowment of some $2,000.000 may give rise, the fact Is plain that American culture is bound to be furthered broadly by so remarkable a gift, and | that by means of it the excellent in- | stitution that recelves it will be ad-| vanced in honor | and attractiveness among our universities.” “The humanities.” according to the Cincinnati Times-Star, “need and de- serve this encouragement. The empha- | | sis of our age and country is elsewhere. | Sanitary plumbing, mechanical refri ravid transit, product-mul | more comfortable, may leave the spirit {of man untouched. ~The service of | | to him solidly. The Morrow managers beauty and truth remains the highest | different to the question, regarding of human objects. It is best promoted | by those studies to which the experience of the ages has given a significant tained probably greater publicity, not only in Jersey, but throughout the country, than has the statement of any other candidate for a senatorial nomi- nation in many decades. It made him ;.;nnrléslnel‘nm, flul.::\‘xl[h he already At & na reputation as diplomyt, | significance. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS J. HASKIN. new, native and foreign, good and ba are thoughtlessly so called. Q How much mail was carrie across the continent on the first glide| flight>—E. A. S A. No mail was officially carried on] the first transcontinental glider flighy from San Diego, Calif,, to New York. Q. Why don’t Indians have beards? —B. L. R. A. Most Indians would have a slighl to moderate growth of beard and mus-| tache if they allowed the hair to grow Beards are not wholly unknown améng| them. Some of the Mexican Indians| have full beards. The Guarayas ofl Bolivia wear long straight beards and Cashibas of the upper Ucayli are bearded. Q. What was Voltaire'’s real name? —V. B. A. Prancois Marie Arouet. Q. What makes the drumming sound when an airplane is in the air>—K. W. A. The rush of air through the struts and wires of an airplane in flight causes the drumming sound. This is about 10 per cent of the noise, the other 90 per cent being made by the engine and propeller. Q. What causes the finishing coat of plaster to crack before it becomes hard?>—H. B. A. The Bureau of Standards says the checking of the finish coat of plaster may be due to several causes, among which may be mentioned the removal of moisture necessary for the setting of the gypsum in the finish coat by the suction of the brown coat, by drafts of excessive heat, which tend to evaporate the moisture from the finish coat, or by an excessive amount of lime, which upon drying out contracts, with the formation of checks. | Q. 1f the English policemen do not | carry ‘guns, how are they armed?— |w. G A. The English police do not carry guns when on ordinary police duty, but are equipped with truncheons. They are furnished with arms only when upon some unusual errand. Q. Did Gen. Philip Sheridan hav a brother who served as an officer during the Civil War?—A. B. D. A. Michael Vincent Sheridan, the brother of Gen. Philip Sheridan, served as volunteer aid to Gen. Sheridan at Perryville, Ky., and elsewhere. Q. What supplies were brought to this country for the British Army in the Revolution?—D. H. R. A, Specifications required sound “beef, pork, bread, flour, rice, salt, pease, oat= meal.” To these were added cheese, | bacon, suet, fich, raisins and molasses, Don Seitz, in writing on the subject, adds: “Potatoes. parsnips, _carrots, turnips and cabbages were provided when possible. Nor was there lack of refreshment. Port, claret and spruce- beer were forwarded in quantitiss.” Q. How many members are there of the Philippine Legislature?—O. F. A. Twenty-four Senators and 94 Rep- resentatives comprise the Philippine Legislature. All but two Senators and nine Representatives are elected. The exceptions are appointed by the gov- ernor general, Q. Is it true that putting aspirin tab- lets in the water will revive cut flowers which have begun to fade?—D. H. A. The Bureap of Plant Industry says that in so far as they retard fer- mentation they will have this effect, Salt or sugar acts in the same way. But the treatment recommended is the daily changing of water and cutting of the stems, as this is the best method known for keeping flowers fresih. A low temperature is also helpful. ¢ nstruction In Humanities Is Applauded name. Complete themselves, or rather representing the nearest ap- proach to perfection, stimulating. en- nobling, beguiling, consoling, theirs are the imperishable gifts of culture and character.” “Such families,” declares the Roas noke Times, “are a priceless asset fo any city. Loving the community with an unselfish devotion and intent always on doing something to promote its wele fare, they constitute a class of rmzen, that deserve to be regarded and remem: bered with greater and more sincere gratitude than is usually their lot. Not every city has such families among its inhabitants, to be sure, but the number of those that have is far greater than might be supposed. The Tafts prose pered and became wealthy in Cincin- natl. They felt that they owed the city something in return for what it had done for them individually and as a family. And with noble-hearted pur- pose to repay their obligation they have done much for Cincinnati from time to time as opportunity has arisen. They have repeatedly given evidence of their love, displaying intelligence as well as generosity in their manner of express- ing it. Cincinnati has good reason l;) hold them in grateful esteem.” “The gift was announced at a most appropriate time,” thinks the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. “It comes just when the country is discussing Henry Ford's plan to spend $100,000,000 on teaching what may be called ‘the mechanicali- ties’ in a nation-wide group of techni- cal schools. Although the machine age outweighs the classics by 50 to 1 in the monetary power of these budgets, there is food for thought and cause for hope | in Mrs. Taft's gift, dedicated as it is to the ‘development of ideas, thought and character.’” in ———— Straw Vote Fallacy Merits Attention From the Chicago Daily News. Straw votes of every kind and degre may be thought to have much or litt] It is as idle and unfair to dismiss their results as meaningless as it is to overrate the importance of thoséresults. ~ After all, however, in a representative republic, the best test of public opinion is election of public offi- clals on a clear, definite issue after a determined contest between well match- ed candidates respectively championing opposite views. That is the test respect- fully recommended to all partisans ing to fathom the popular mind on the prohibition issue. The final figures published by the Literary Digest in its Nation-wide poll on prohibition merit impartial con- sideration. The number of votes cust voluntarily was 4,806.464—a very c siderable percentage of the American electorate. Of that numbér 30.46 per cent voted for vigorous enforcement of the existing prohibition laws, Uncon- ditional repeal was favored by 40.43 pe cent. and modification was advocated by 20.11 per cent That those results are indicative of a reaction against prohibition from the period of its greatest popular support is, to say the least, highly probable But a pertinent question is raised by the Christian Century and other con- vinced supporters of prohibition. What of the millions of persons who failed to mark and return the cards sent to them by the Literary Digest? About 15,000,- which Representative tion—these are all excellent things, but cards wery carde : character —a heinous ' Franklin Fort will develop. Mr. Forl’s they arc means rather than ends, m‘?g? ;un:bprfl:eg:b(:&:j-?\'n‘;nugg%o&g}:r: he will have a|the sum of them. while making life | What are the sentiments and opinions Are they for i perhaps as settled, at least for the pres- ent generation? Speculation concerning the attituble of those inarticulate millions is natural and legitimate, even though it leads no- where. The fact that so many made no_response to a prohibition question- naire is a challenge to further ine quiry into the results of the anti-liquor Iaws by moderate and dispassionate tus problem. of the missing millions? or against prohibition, or are they - ]