Evening Star Newspaper, February 3, 1930, Page 2

3T DRY TRANSFER UP Prologue and Swan INHOUSE THURSDAY | | piceorit megime st Bill Providing Shift to Justice Department Is Formally Reported. (Continued From First Page) eral prescribe all regulations pertain- ing to permits, bonds, records, reports and other phases of the prohibition act. Those who :Inwd‘ v.heGmlmrlty rempon were Representatives . & Rowbottom, iblican, l'rm‘:nn a dry; Schafer, Republican, Wisconsin, a wet; Stone, Republican, Oklahoma, a dry; Moore, Democrat, Kentucky, a dry; , Democrat, Texas, a dry, and Montet, Democrat, Louisiana,.a dry. ot amesdment o {1 oor, on the s mwull’-’msun eald cunl‘idenhle senti- developed in favor of .al ::II:'OP.:X lnvdell,sh'lll alcohol from the Treasury and giving it to the Justice Department. 15\. urging that the Attorney General and the Treasury be given joint respon- sibility on permits, the majority report said: “Inasmuch as the Attorney General will be charged with full responsibility for the enforcement of prohibition under the act, it was thought that he should have veto power in the granting of permits, which function now rests exclusively with the Secretary of the ury. "'mn!'ml," the majority report added, %does not change substantial law ex- ceptéustsohr-snml be necessary to effect the transfer of the enforce- ment activities of the Bureau of Prohi- bition to the Department of Justice. ‘The duties, powers and functions im- posed upon the Tressury by the act of November 23, 1921, creating the Bul'!uu: of Prohibition, with respect to prohi- bition enforcement are transferred n"nd imposed upon the Attorney General.' Celler Proposes Amendment. Meanwhile the friends and foes of prohibition brought forth additional material for injection into the heated controversy over thiz matter, which has been in progress nn%e before Christmas. The dispute over medicinal liquor was revived by Representative Celler, Demo- crat, of New York, who today propose an amendment to the prohibition law to permit physicians to be wines and liguors in such quantities as they may deem proper. “Doctors, being of an honored pro- fession, should be trusted not to abuse their privileges,” the New Yorker said in a statement. “They may narcotics and opiates; they have power, with the knife and scalpel, fo cut into the human anatomy. Yet pmrgébmon fession. TS may a Be Temporary Only, Says Berenguer. BY DAMASO BERENGUER, New Premier of Spain. Special Dispatch to The Star. MADRID, Pebruary 3 (N.AN.A).—A dictatorial regime, however mildly it may be exercised, however beneficial it may be to a country from a material point of view, cannot, must not, be other than a circumstantial regime (i. e, of temporary character). This is how Gen. Primo de Rivera him- self understood it during the last several months and thanks to his keen under- standing—to which it is also just to add the great political talent of our august sovereign—the dictatorial regime has come to an end without the slight- | est complication. % | What in many other countries would have provoked great crises and even sanguinary civil strifé has been done in in in the most peaceful manner—as if it had been a matter of one simple parliamentary government being re- placed by another. De Rivera's Service Is Recognized. No one will deny the good intentions, the talents and the patriotism of the Marquis de Estella (Primo de Rivera), and I am convinced all will recognize the great services he has rendered the country. However, as all humanity is imperfect, the Marquis de Estella himself will now understand that a dictatorship indefi~ nitely prolonged does not. lead anywhere. Although strong, stable governments are indispensable for the tranquillity and welfare of countries, it is impossible to return' to autocracy, thus leaving out the will of the public. A parliament, elected under one system or another, cannot be eliminated from our national lfl;,n lnrd therefore the fu’;l':.lr;;entll point of my program cons! Te- establishing liberty, so as to obtain much desired juridical, constitutional and normal conditions, and to hold legisla- tive “elections by which the Spanish ;uu:?“wfi.l be able freely to manifest ts will. Circumstances to Decide. I u:no;vm m&e at - this momen e upon cir- cumstances and the method which will be adopted. It depends also upon the conditions in which the country is situated. What I can say unhesitatingly, is that I am a constitutional man and that, within the shortest possible time allowed by the material and moral con- ditions of the country, Spain will return absolutely to the constitution of 1876, which ruled for about a half century— until the advent of the dictatorship. If no unforeseen obstacles arise, and we none arise while we are execut this program, there certainly will be no disagreement between us and 1 more than half a pint of ‘whisky nor more than one pint of wine within any period of 10 days. “The doctor may prescribe strych- nine, balladonna or any other death- dealing drug without limit. He may perform the major operation of slitting a citizen's gizzard, yet prohibition says that in dispensing wines and liquors, which are well recognized as proper medical agents, the doctor shall be thus circumscribed. It is like telling a soldier that he may shoot to kill, but that under no circumstances use a putty blower.” W. C. T. U. Issues Message. Prior to Representative Celler's pro- the Woman’s Christian Temper- ance Union, through its president, Mrs. Ella Boole, sent out a message to State presidents acclaiming “greater strength in the prohibition movement than ever before” and calling for support against the “anarchistic suggestions” “in the ‘wet campaign. At the same'time Mrs. Louise Gross, Union, Idaho for his opinion of the treaties negotiated Wlfl"l‘ a dozen or more foreign governments.” Mrs. Boole in her message to State presidents. supported the Hoover ad- ministration and u:id ;hz "nhnmldy ‘:\l;; cess wet organizations have make safer certain areas for bootleg- “Federal enforcement is better today than ever,” she sald. 11"hhe .meelbln 31 rum ships have gone. e wel |- nanced syndicates of criminals who di- verted industrial alcohol are being broken up. Illicit liquor making is be- ing transformed from large to small units, and these will disappear through & campaign of education. “But meantime, State and local en- forcement must be strengthened. Too much civic apathy is attached to local enforcement. The remedy for that, as has always been the case, is an awak- ened interest on the part of voters to elect better State and city governments. State enforcement codes in the main are stronger than the national prohibi- tion act.” Praises Administration. * “Underneath the noise the Hoover administration, dry and determined to carry out enforcement of the eighteenth amendment, is moving ahead effective- ly,” she said. “The President’s commis- sion on law observance and law en- forcement will remove much of the legal rubbish which has interfered with law enforcement. Court congestion will be relieved; criminals will have chance of escape through delay and technical- ny"’l'hc.- dry program is a constructive move against law breakers.” The Women's Moderation Union ask- ed Senator Borah particularly for his opinion as to the legality of the “rum treaties” which, they contend, permit . under certain conditions the transporta- tion, importation and :fi)\fl'flflon of in- toxicating liquors on shipboard. After quoting several excerpts from decisions of the Supreme Court, Mrs. Gross in her letter said: “These expressions of the court would seem to make it clear that the eight- eenth amendment expressly forbids and prohibits the importation, exportation and transportation of = intoxicating liquor. It seems to be a fact that large quantities of intoxicating liquor have been imported into the United States at various seaboard ports and delivered to foreign embassies, that the repre- sentatives in these embassies might use them for beverage . “May we ask, therefore, Senator, is not the Federal Government itself vio- lating the law through these foreign liquor treaties? “Is it not a fact that the treaty making power does not authorize th making or ;" treaty which would make lawful the importation, expogta- tion or transportation of intcricating liquor within the territory of the nited States, because such is expressly pro- hibited and forbidden by the eighteenthy amendment? “In a New York newspaper of Janu- ary 27, it stated that you intend to bring up in the Senate the entire matter of enforcement, and in this con- nection may we ‘whether you are to have the eighteenth amend- ment and the statutory enforcement acts passed for the purpose of enforcing it applied to certain people under cer- tain conditions and not to other people 3}\4@1‘ other conditions? May the Presi- ent and the Sens% constitute them- selves the judger of when and under what circumstzaces the Constitution shall apply? Would you be willing to have these for:ign treaties abrogated as being illegal?” ‘ministry ing an important problem in the financial markets abroad derstand that those who have constitutional aspira- tions—that is, nearly the whole country —except in regard to the datc of the elections. I can declare now that all the facil- ities which the government meets with in its administration will be taken advantage of to accelerate the realiza- tion of all their aspirations. Foreign Minister to Be Restored. One point of our program which may gl.rllcu]lxly interest foreign countries the re-establishment of the ministry he | of foreign affairs, which was supressed de Rb by Gen. Primo d_trans- formed into a general secretaryship to the president of the council. ‘We consider that such a ministry has such a delicate mission to fulfill that, far from reducing its importance, its importance should be increased. Furthermore, this department is the oldest in Spain and has the longest tradition. Thanks to the spirit of sacrifice dis- played by a majority of the men I have called to me, I have succeeded in form- ing a government in less than two days —a government which can inspire full confidence in Spain and abroad. The country will regain its constitu- tional life in its entirety in due time and without perilous haste, but at the same time without unnecessary delay. Abroad we shall scrupulously respect all international agreements. ‘The new of finance is fac- ues- I hope soon un- t the present quotations tion of the rate of exchange. Position Now Has Changed. If during the last few weeks, owing to the uncertain political situation, the rescrved attitude of the public in regard to the peseta is understand- able up to a certain point, with the ar- rival of a constitutional government, the position now has entirely changed. As dictatorships do not usually end peacefully, it ht have been feared some trouble might occur, but events during the last few days have proved that this fear had no foundation. ‘The future presents itself with ab- solute clarity and Spain is about to return to the constitution of 1876, which will give satisfaction to an im- mense majority of the country. I hold the de t conviction that the transi- tion will take place without the slight- est_difficulty. ‘The cn}rs of uncertainty have gone and the former fears no longer exist. Faces Delicate Task. As the fa]l of the peseta really had no other reason than a political one— inasmuch as our finances are sound and the budget was balanced without deficit—the rate of exchange must nat- urally improve. At the end of 6 years, 4 months and 13 days of the dictatorship, the gov- - | enment which has taken its place is facing a great and delicate task. We shall have to revise the work of the dic- tatorship—that is to say, consolidate some cases and adapt and rectify others. And now, with the help of God, we are looking forward to a prosperous, el ‘o’ynsp:vm'm American News. ) 1930, rth Ami s (Coprrlant, 3 iver Altiance) o Poincare Returns Home Well. PARIS, February 3 (#)—Raymond Poincare, former French premier, re- turned to Paris today from Southern Ostensibly he came back to resume his occupation as a private citizen, but friends commented he was ever ready try’s sake. a possible minister of finances in a re- committee’s proposal to extend joint ‘authority to the Secretary of the Treas- ury and the Attorney General over ad- ministration of industrial aicohol per- mits, but otherwise the bill is expected to recefve quick approval. Senate wet and dry champions are girding themselves for a showdown test on the prphibition issue in the Senate as soon as the tariff bill is out of the way. beylhe vehicle for this debate. ‘The Senate judiciary committee meanwhile is giving close scrutiny to the nominations of Federal law enforce- ment officers. A subcommittee headed by Senator Borah will give further at- tention tomorrow to the nomination of Sawyer Smith, district attorney for Eastern Kentucky. He testified to a Jury Propesal Menaced. While ready to rush through the ad- ministration bill transferring prohibi- *ion enforcement from Secretary Mellon &= Attorney General Mitchell, con- gressional leaders see little prospect of action on any of the other recommenda- tions for bol iy et B Inl‘d'r‘y Men- act t] 8 ranks wm‘ % tion to give United States commissioners suthority to try petty offenders. There is some controversy over the zealous record for law enforcement, { his confirmation is believed in prosj pect, wfi' reports on him bel ven y. 8 -in( h also heads a sub- b Walter this week on his renomination to be marshal for Connecticut. Walter voted against ratification of the eight- eenth amendment as a member of the Connecticut Legislature. However, Borah says he does not consider this as barring him. He has served eight years as marshal. i organized Tardieu cabinet. i The transfer bill will probably { THE EVENING Song Call for Vote of Confi- dence Is Held Tactical Error by De Rivera. Brimo De Rivera in the following ar- Licle oives his reasons for resigning the ctatorship of ‘Spain after assuming it more than siz “years ago.' A second e Ul olve an outling of the pro- sy successor, Damas: BY PRIMO DE RIVERA. Former Dictator of Spain. sl;eAc:Dn Dispatch to The Star. RID, February 3 (N.ANA).— When I took power ;ydecllred that the dictatorship ‘would last only threc months, and T was sincere in my be- lief then My only intention was to save Spain from anarchy, which was enveloping it with gigantic strides. I don't think the army should meddle in politics When statesmen fulfill thejr duties, but in the Spain of 1923 there was rank mismanagement and the government ¢njoyed no prestige. As nobody made any cfforts, I undertook the inevitable surgical operation. In. the first moment of enthusiasm I thought three months would suffice to re-establish order and solve grave problems pending, but I soon saw the reality. To create a new Spain neither three months nor three years would be sufficient. Sees Extension Necessary. Although I pacified Morocco, and re- stored authority to law and order in public affairs, I was firmly convinced & dictatorship, whether military or civil, should be extended only to do those necessary things, although on another occasion I stated that a cen- tury of mismanagement might necessi- tate a century of strong government. Perhaps some will blame me lcr not having had any legislative elections. These reproaches are answered by the fact that nobody could doubt we would win an election by a crushing majority immediately after my advent into office, September, 1923, or after the victorious end of the Morocco cam- P aign. If I did not hold any elections, 1t wasn't because I was afraid of defeat, which was impossible, but because of my political conception of its incom- patibility with a parliamentary democ- Tacy as then existed in Spain. Doubts Complete Unanimity. I do not, in fact, believe that a par- liamentary system based on parties more or less arbitrarily constituted, and on personal groups around any leading men, reflects the opinion or the inter- ests of the country or that it can in any way prove useful. I saw sufficient to know I could not reckon on a great majority of the people—on absolute unanimity of public opinion. This was impossible together with the adhesion of the army which had raised me to power. g But if T do not believe in the effi- clency of a parliamentary system alone, I do not believe either ‘that one man must govern without the assistance of an assembly representing the vital forces of the country-—certainly not on the basis of parties, but on the basis of_professions. . For that purpose I instituted the national assembly with consultive pow- ers, which always lent loyal and ef- clent assistance to the government ;lvl.ng it the benefit of its technical rowledge. Certain of Benefits. My work during six years and the stimulations of the dictatorial regime have been fruitful and I have no doubt at this moment that my countrymen will recognize it, if not at once, at least at some later time. The roads, schools, bridges and im- provements of a like character, which we have created, will always be an asset on the balance sheet. I therefore do_not fear the verdict of history. I recognize that in the most impor- tant matter we have madé a mistake. I refer to exchange. WHen the ex- change pound sterling fell below 28, portune moment and stabilizing the currency, we were too optimistic and we already saw the geaet& at par. Wanting legal stability, the Spanish currency had to suffer and hence in consequence our artificlal speculation. Not_only was this due to a wish for profit, but also owing to the fact that various outside interests were hit by of Spanish currency are unjustly low.|one of our most important provisions— into the detatls of which I do to go at this moment. Impression Goes Abroad. Because of this, various phenomena arose during last year and gave more or less the impression abroad of an uncertain future for this country. It is to these circumstances that I must attribute the present value of the peseta on the markets. I say markets because it can easily be shown that the then gold value of the peseta was much above the present exchange value, I recognize, however, that the im- mediate cause of my resignation was the official article in Sunday, January 26. It is my custom to work very hard during the early hours of the morning. On January 26, I sent at about 3 a.m. an official note to the press information bureau with- out consulting the ministers and with- out having had time to read it again. In that note I asked the heads of the army and navy whether I could depend on their support. Since then I have realized that the note was a tactical error. The reply of the heads of the ramy and navy could be only that they would comply with a govern- ment enjoying the confidence of the king, who, according to the constitu- tion, appoints and dismisses his min isters of his free will. I also understand how that note could alarm the army and navy. There was no necessity for the note. I understand this now and frankly confess’ it. But even if my resignation had an immediate cause, it was really my in- tention to leave power soon—indeed, I intended to do so some months ago. When history is studied we discover how many sanguinary revolutions have been caused by the belief among dic- tators that they are more or less im- mortal, or could not be replaced. For- tunately, from the very commencement, I understood how fragile is the life of not wish ht there would Prance completely recovered from his |man and I always thougl Trecent operation, rested and feeling fit. | De_some ons to replace me. I truly hoped new men would arise, not con- nected with the artifices of political life, something to which I neither could nor would turn. i Decision Irrevocable. For some time past my decision to | retire at the opportune moment has 1 been irrevocable. "On various occasions I declared publicly that I would resign | in the Spring of this year when I found some one to take my place. Regarding the particular personality of Gen. Berenguer, he inspires me with full confidence due to the tranquillity of his mind, his culture, chivalry, patriotism and his professed monarchial | sentiments. {, In assuming power, Gen. Berenguer is making a real sacrifice, as the situa- tion is a delicate one and all the diffi- culties the dictatorship intended to re- move are still in existence. Therefore, I believe that for a long time to come the dictatorial system in Spain will have to be continued with the assistance of the government and a deliberative assembly, to a great ex- tent elective, but under exclusive re- | sponsibility to a dictator of the country 1and the king PRIMO DE RIVERA. (Copyright, 1930, in Al Countries by Na- Bonel American” Newspaper Aliance. Johnson Presents Credentials. NANKING, Febru: 3 () —Speak- Ing in_ the Chinese language, United States Minister Nelson T. Johnson pre- sented his credentlals Saturday to Chiang Kal-Shek, President of the Na- tlonalist government, STAR,. WASHINGTO IPARLEY MAY LIMIT FAST PLANE SHIPS Small Aircraft Carriers Put in Service Recently to Be Taken Up. BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER. By Radio to Thy 5 News. “Copsrighis 167280 Dally LONDON, England, February 3.—The Chicago Dally News Bureau is able to state that an unforeseen problem of an | entirely new modern type of warship— namely, the small independent aircraft carrier or gunless cruiser—is going to be raised virtually by common consent before the Naval Conference gets much further. The Washington treaty limited car- riers of more than 10,000 tons, but not those under that tonnage. At that time —1921-22—it was believed that carriers had to be huge ships whose function would always be to accompany main battle fleets. The American carriers Saratoga and Lexington, for example, register 33,000 tons, But just as modern naval thought seems to be slowly turning against large battleships in favor of emall, pow- erful, fast cruisers, so there is an evo- lution away from the huge carrier to- ward the small, fast type which can op- antte quite independently of the battle eet. Have 4,000-Mile Range. These small carriers are armed, not with heavy guns, but only with a squadron of 6 or 8 planes and a few anti-aircraft batteries. They are said to have a cruising radius of 7,000 miles, and whereas ordinary cruisers’ guns can shoot only a few miles from ship, these “gunless cruisers,” sending out at any moment from any point their fast plans, can strike anywhere within a radios of 4,000 miles. Thelr efficacy as commerce destroyers is infinitely superior, it is estimated, to ordinary cruisers or submarines. They are an entirely new factor in naval warfare, theories concerning which are just now undergoing so many funda- mental revisions. Japan’s navy ill’dl are supposed to begin this month the building of the Ryujo cruiser carrier of 8,100 tons, hence not subject to Washington limi- tation. The United States is about to build a 13,800-ton cruiser carrier, which, however, being over 10.000 tons, does fall within the Washington limi- tation. The Washington treaty allows carrier tonnages as follows: The United States and Great Britain, 135,000 tons; Japan, 3.000 tons; France and Italy, 60,000 ns. instead of taking advantage of the op- | French Study Smaller Type. France has one big carrier, but it is believed to be studying the smaller type. Italy is so uncertain which type is best that it has built none. 1t is therefore widely believed in in- side circles here that serious limitations must be fixed without delay on the ‘gunless cruisers” else the conference will have overlooked one of the most important elements of modern naval strength. ‘With regard to the American plan for & five-year, five-power naval disarma- ment treaty, based not on ratios but on readjusted building programs and re- placements, the Japanese suggest that a clause should be inserted that if any signatory decides not to build up to the new treaty figures, it may propose at any time still further limitation by agreement with one or more of the other signatories, The delegations, which have been working over the week end on the French transcontinental proposal per- mitting tonnage shifts from one category of ships to another on one year’s notice, will hand in their written observations on this subject tonight preparatory tomorrow's full meeting. It is believed that the British will propose to exempt capital ships, aircraft carriers, 8-inch gun crulsers and submarines from pos- sible transfers, which, therefore, ac- cording to the British idea, could be made only between destroyers and small cruisers, AMERICANS FRAME ‘BRASS TACKS’ PROPOSAL TO SPEED CONFERENCE (Continued From First Page.) throughcut the world as third-rate naval powers compared with America, Great Britain and Japan. If one suggestion strongly supported within the American delegation is adopt- ed there will be a bréad general state- ment to the effect that no country’s right to build a fleet as big as it desires is abrogated. Then would follow, as a possible portion of the same preamble, the statement that while the agreement infringes no country's sovereignty, the five high contracting powers resoive, in the interest of peace, security and econ- omy, to bind themselves to limit ship- building for five years. At the end of that time they shall reconvene to confront the existing naval situation of the world, in the light® of both technical and political conditions. ‘The sovereignty clause would be a ges- ture designed to appease the Itallans in particular. Mussolini today asks only the privilege of building an unlimited navy. He does not really intend to ex- ercise that right at this time, but he does not intend to tie Italy’s hands in an indefinite future. The French are not expected to stand out against this hypothetical “parity” demanded by Italy. It goes without saying that the American views will not be submitted either without a reasonable assurance they will form the basis of promising discussion or without careful advance sounding of sentiment. Leadership Held Incumbent Upon U. S. On the contrary, the American propo- sition represents the composite fruits of two weeks of conversations with the other delegations. It also is apparent that the initiative the United States is on the eve of taking springs from a realization on the part of Secretary Stimson that such leadership is incum- bent upon the Americans. Great Britain formally convened the conference, but not until Premier Macdonald conferred with President Hoover in Washington. Premler Macdonald never would have gone to Washington except at President Hoover's invitatlon. The conference, therefore, while the physical child of the British government, is regarded in London as the spiritual oftspring of the American Government. This undoubt- edly is the psychology of the impetus the American delegation hopes to give the conference. It does not come as a surpiise to any one who gras the significance of Secretary Stimson’s opening statement to the House of Lords on January 21 when he an- nounced a readiness to camp out in London until success had been achieved. Tomorrow’s fourth plenary session will be devoted to what is hoped will be a final discussion on the com- Eromise agreement on tonnage limita- lon by categories. If American hopes are not blasted by eleventh-hour de- velopments the delegation will come forward with its proposition not later than the fifth or sixth plenary sitting. me thing is certain—the ‘plan is filled sufficlently with powerful ex- plosive to dynamite the conference into & species of action hitherto not wit- nessed. It needs to be clearly stated that the Americans have nothing in mind remotely savoring of an ulti- matum. Their sole purpose is to swing the conference down the road leading to concrete results without unnecessary e g e, D. C, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 1930. TAFT RESIGNATION | 1S SURPRISE HERE Chief Justice Is Paid Tribute by Leaders in Offi- cial Life. By the Associated Press. The news of the resignation of Wil- liam Howard Taft, Chief Justice of the United States, came as a complete sur- prise to House and Senaie members and official circles, but as ths word | spread there was a generally mingled chorus of regret and praise. Speaker Longworth of the House, who lives in Cincinnati, Mr. Taft's home, id: J S The announcement of the resigna- tion of Chief Justice Taft comes to me as a tremendous surprise. I had hoped and expected that he would return to his duties, after his vacation in the South, with renewed vigor. His decision, while it must be respected, will be tre- mendously regretted by every American. Pays Taft Tribute. No abler, more high-minded, more generally beloved public man has been produced in this country.” he continued. “President Hoover will have the most perplexing problemi-of his administra- tion in adequately filling Justice Taft's lace.” P Senator Borah, Republican, Idaho, lauded the service of Mr. Taft to his country in expressing regret at his res- ignation. “I am very sorry to hear of the Chief Justice's retirement,” sald Senator Borah. “I suppose it was on account of his poor health and this, aside from the loss to the country, is a source of deep regret. He has had a full life, however, which gives pride and comfort to_his friends.” Representative Garner of Texas, the ouse Democratic leader, said: “The resignation of Chief Justice Taft will be a distinct loss -to the i:d.\cllry. He is one of the outstand- g citizens of the Nation—has filled every position with credit to himself and honor to the country.” Snell Expresses Regret. Representative Snell, New York, one of the Republican leaders in the House, sal “It is with deep regret that I have just learned of the resignation of Mr. Taft as Chief Justice of the United States. “His resignation not only will be a loss to: the court but to the people of the entire country,” he added. “I am, sure that there is no man in public or private life - today that so enjoys the respect, admiration and love of th¢ Amf:ncln people as does Chief Justict Taft.” FOUR ARE ACCUSED OF GRAND LARCENY St. Elizabeth’s Employe Declared to Admit 12 Years of Thefts. Charged with taking several hundred dollars worth of Government property from St. Elizabeth Hospital, four colored men, one of whom pleaded guilty, were held for grand jury action at Police Court today on charges of grand larceny. Some of the defendants were em- ployed at the hospital, while others are alleged to have worked on the “outside.” The property included blankets, sheets and pillowcases, socks, overalls and underwear. While most. of the property was missed from the supply room, some of it was sald to have been removed from the wards. Assistant United States Attorney John R. Fitzpatrick refused to make out papers against Arthur Sanders, colored, who police of the eleventh precinct charged with receiving the stolen prop- erty. Sanders is alleged to have writ- ten a letter of confession, in which he stated that he traded whisky for the goods, but apparently was ignorant of the fact that the stuff was stolen, Police say that Phillip Parker, 1000 block of Twelfth street southeast, con- fessed to them that he had been taking property from the hospital for the 12 years that he has been employed there. He pleaded not guilty in court to charges involving $121 in bed clothing. Others charged in the theft are Frank Green, Albert B. Butler and Joseph Phillip Short. All were held under $500 bond. GEN. H. B. CROSBY CONSIDERED FOR D. C. COMMISSIONER (Continued From First Page.) Davis, Maj. Gen. Walter A. Bethel, who is now practicing law in Washingto: Maj. Gen. Eli Helmick, former inspec- tor general, and Maj. Gen. Frank W. Coe, former chief of Artillery, Gen. Crosby is only 58 years old and has had 37 years' service in the Army. He still has six years before he reaches the retirement age. Gen. Crosby was born in Fairmount, Kans., December 24, 1871. He was ap- pointed to the Military Academy from Tllinofs in 1889 and graduated in 1893. Upon his graduation he was assigned as a second lieutenant to the 8th Cavalry and has since, with the exception of the World War period, been identifled with that service of the Army. He has been promoted up the various grades until he reached that of colonel and later when he received the rank of major general, which goes with the of- fice of chief of Cavalry. Gen. Crosby saw service in the Philip- pines and on_the Mexican border. In 1903 to 1904 he was identified with an extremely rilous expedition against hostiles in the Philippines, during which campaign he distinguished himself on several occaskl)ns.d lDufln‘m:l'r\&l :(70&]‘: r he was placed in com %’:st lnhnn?y of the 88th Division. He was highly commended for the su- erior dicipline and training of his regi- :lent‘ it being said in the Army that the men trained unde:' hlmAl;;l,‘\;ed with the best in the American 3 Since the World War Gen. Crosby has served as a student instructor at the General Staff Schools at Fort Leavenworth, Kans, and as assistant commandant at the Army War College in this city. In March, 1926, he was promoted to chief of Cavalry, which im- portant post he has held up to the resent time. Ly Gs:n. Crosby lives with his family at 2540 Massachusetts avenue. When it was first known that Pres. dent Hoover was contemplating a) pointing a retired Army officer as Com- missioner, his attention was called to the opinion submitted by Attorney Gen- eral Sargent to President Coolidge when the latter was considering making ap- pointments Yo the effect that such an appointment was not entirely legal, and that President Coolidge abandoned the idea. President Hoover, however, is understood to have referred the matter to Attorney General Mitchell, who has since advised him that he could see no legal difficulties which would prevent such an appointment. The law defining the g=xlifications of civilian Commissioners reads: “The two persons appointed from civil life shall, at the time of their ap- pointment, be citizens of the United States and shall have been actual resi- dents of the District of Columbia for three years next before their appoint- ment and have during that period claimed residence nowhere else.” CHIEF JUSTICE QUITS BENCH ft. Below: Above: Chief Justice Willlam Howard Associate Justice Harlan F. Stone, who is mentioned as possible successor to the Chief Justice, HEALTH FORCES TAFT 0 RESIGN Harlan F. Stone Is Mentioned as Successor to Chief Justice. (Continued From First Page.) asked Justice Stone to become chair- man of that body. The justice declined again to leave the bench, and, despite his insistent efforts to persuade Mr.| Stone, the President had to look else- where for the chairman of the com- mission. Mr. Taft is the second Chief Justice of the United States to resign. The only other instance was the resignation of John Jay, the first Chief Justice. Mr. Taft is the only man who has ever held both the offices of President of the United States and of Chief Justice. He would not have been eligible for retirement on pay until July, 1931. Congress is expected to enact legisla- tion to compensate him after his re- tirement. Mr, Taft was appointed to his place as Chief Justice on June 30, 1921. He has worked since that date diligently and steadily to bring the business of the court up to date. His labors have resulted in greatly reduting the conges- tion of litigation in the court, and these efforts undoubtedly led to the impair- ment of his health and his subsequent decision to retire. Studied English System. Mr. Taft has regarded the duties of his office with that attitude which al- ways marked his official conduct. Real- izing that fllle‘re Wl‘.;l a dm!mndo(fm;n!“l;: editious dis) on Pisines ne. dhrected efforts to obtain legislation to that end. He went to England to stud: the system under which the courts of that country had prevented the accumula- tion of cases upon their dockets; he regularly attended meetings of the American Bar Association; he fre- uently appeared before congressional gommm.eu and took advantage of every opportunity to urge methods which, in his judgment, would help to remove causes working for delay in the Federal courts. Had Cheerful Philosophy. Mr. Taft, who is 73 years old, was the twenty-seventh President of the United States. He never allowed the dignity and cares of his office to change his philosophy of life, however. always possessed an ability to hold fast to & simple, cheerful philosophy. He has Be- neath his ever-smiling demeanor attacks upon his public record cut him very deeply, but he did not permit his worries to darken him. Neither has he let the traditions of high office modify his personal habits more than the circumstances made im- perative. Prohibition decisions came easy to the Chief Justice. Becoming head of the| highest court after it had sustained the constitutionality of the Volstead act, he considered all controversies arising out of its enforcement with the viewpcint that in ratifying the eighteenth amend- ment the States had intended to make the country bone di Participating wit] 1 the majority of the court which gave that construction to the 7olstead act, he wrote some of the more important opinions arising out of questions ove: methods of enforcement. [n ta= famous wire tapping cases he h-id that evidence obtained by Federal agents in listening in on telephone conversations could be legally used in the prosecution of -bootleggers. Interpreting the rum _treaty with Grea!, Britain, the Chief Justice in the Quendra case sustained the seizure cf the vessel Farallon Islands, 25 miles of ‘while _hover! near the San Pran- | cisco. He also held that British subjects brought into the jurisdiction of the United States when the seized vessel was taken to port could be prosecuted the laws of this country, along er British subjects eng: iracy to violate the aged in dry laws who were resident in the United States at the time. Other prohibition decisions which he wrote included those holding that pro- hibition agents in making arrests on information furnished to them could not be compelled to disclose the source of their information; forbidding State officlals who profit in the division of fines in prohibition cases from trying such causes; sustaining prosecutions un- der Federal laws in cases where de- fendants had been punished " under State laws; sustaining Federal Courts in taking jurisdiction over Federal pro- hibition officers charged with murder or other violation of State laws, and recog- nizing the right of the Government to |re§1ullau the shipment of denatured al- cohol. Disclosing when he changed the long- established procedure ca taking the judicial oath that he was not to be bound down by the precedents of the court, Mr. Taft continued modifying its the transaction of business. Old hab- itues of the court, accustomed to regard things that were as things that had to be, were horrified at his seeming dis- regard of old customs and old methods. Mr. Taft's infectious chuckle, his pleasing smile, his consistent good humor, were taken to the bench by him. Many tedious legal arguments were punctuated by his humorous interjec- tions, and often the somber atmosphere of the court room was relieved by his hearty laugh. Chief Justice Taft has been keenly interested not only in all proposed legis- lation directly relating to court mat- ters, but also has given much attention to matters relating to changes in the court's personnel. selection of several of his col- leagues on the bench was attributed in part to him. However that may be, it is known that he expressed to Presi- dent Harding his views as to the avail- ability of persons under consideration for Supreme Court vacancies. At least two justices appointed to the bench soon after he was made Chief Justice weredold Iriends he most eagerly wel- comed. Promoted Team Work. So enthusiastic was he in clearing the congested docket of the court that Ihe bent every effort to promote team work among his assoclates. No case was too small to receive his attention, and the promptness with which he pre- pared opinions in the larger cases kept his associates keyed up to redoubled effort. Among the more-important cases in which the opinions of the court were delivered by the Chief Justice were those holding the Federal child-labor statute unconstitutional, that labor or- ganizations could be sued, that the Railroad Labor Board act was consti- tutional, sustaining Federal jurisdiction over stockyards and stockyard ex- changes, upholding Federal control over State railroad rates. ‘The Chief Justice also delivered the opinion holding that the sanitary dis- trict of Chicago was impairing naviga- tion on the Great Lakes by diverting too much water from Lake Michigan, and another holding that States and not the Interstate Commerce Commis- sion had authority fo compel .oilroads to_construct union stations. Having discharged the duties of Pres- ident, the Chief Justice spoke for the court in_ solving controversies arising out of the office of Chief Executive. Probably the most important of thcse decisions established the authority of the President to remove at his pleasure officeholders appointed by him. | practices not established by statues to | simplyfy and make more expeditious ! CANADIANCLAIMS U. . MEN SHOT HIM {Declares Customs Men Fired as He Fled From Load of Rum on Sled. By the Associated Press. DETROIT, February 3.—A Canadian citizens suffering bullet wounds at the Hotel Dieu, at Windsor, Ontario, ac- cused United States customs border pa- trol iuspectors of firiug on nim ws v was making for the Canadian shore across the ice of the Detroit River at 1 am. today. The wounded .man is Arthur La Framboise of La Salle, Ontario, He sald |he was fired upon when he ran away from the officers who approached as he and & friend were working to free a sled load of liquor from the ice off the head of Fighting Island on the Ca- nadian side. At the customs border patrol base it was denied that any shooting had been reported by inspectors working along the river. La Framboise sald that when the men, who were wearing uniform caps, approached, he got into his car and started back. The ice began to crack under the car, he sald, and he got out {ot the automobile as it sank into the water. He sald his pursuers fired “a regular hail” of bullets after him, La Framboise denied he was a rum- runner, but said he had merely agreed to help out a friend last night. i Attending physicians said that La Framboise's condition was not serious, 'SENATOR COUZENS AND WIFE EAGERLY AWAIT ELOPERS (Continued From First Page.) department of the West End Branch of the Washington Loan & Trust Co. To say that he was surprised at the filopemenc would be putting it mildly. I was so excited,” he said, “that I had to make two calls yesterday morning to :Hdl’_lluuzhter in Norfolk to get my say His “say,” Senator Couzens explained, included full forgiveness for mspdau.h-' ter and new son-in-law both for him- self and on behalf of Mrs. Couzens. The Senator is anxiously waiting his first glimpse of his son-in-law. Mrs, Couzens is equally anxious to find out which of the many young men who in recent weeks have come to call on her :l:u:ehur the new son-in-law will prove Name Is Recalled. Mrs. Couzens, according to the Sena- tor, remembers the name of the young man among many visitors at the pala- tal Couzens home at 3110 Woodland drive, but cannot quite place him. The Senator and Mrs. Couzens have never met the parents of young Chewning, Dr. and Mrs. William Jeffries Chewn- ing, of Fredericksburg, Va. a matter of fact, Senator Couzens had never heard the name before, and experienced some difficulty in getting the pronunciation of it. He started with Chening, but came around to Chewning later in the interview. PLANS OWN HOUSEWORK. Former Miss Couzens to Be Content on Husband's Salary, NORFOLK, Vg, Fehruary 3 (P~ Forgiven by her "&her for eloping, Mrs. W. Jeffries Chewning, who until Sat- urday was Miss ret Couzens, g:‘ug!‘l‘t:r of Ifi“l‘:&”‘l’l ames Couzens, c] n cap! 3 to d own housework. o vl “I studied domestic science for four years and I can cook anything from bread to eggs,” she sald as she and her husband, an employe of a Wash- ington trust company, discussed their ela;kmednt. “And we're ing to lit salary,” the hrl!f:ngom llldv.a btk Mrs. Chewning exhibited her engage- :noelgt ring, a amethyst set in t was given to ances Herbert Jefiries, royal governor of Voo ginia, by King' Charles II" her hus- band explained. Norfolk by boat from m’fgg ln‘lvege in ore, where they wers arried ::_en p(.l*,nm?nm reczry ysacumaye }n They, anning a tour of 4 ‘”{!rlm' }’xni;m;ll. the historic s is Jefl's’ part of Virginia,” Mrs Chewning sald, - ing J" ‘and I nm‘?o v already have selected an apart- Washington. Their elop:ml Wwas not prompted by fear of parental disapproval, she said. It ‘WAas because of her aversion to “big” weddings, I think they're messy,” nounced several weeks ahea and all your friends, out of thor Kima® ness of their hearts, begin giving and dances and other l.h’lnn lr?- ;g:: honor, with the result that by th the date of the weddin, hz.s :rr’i‘::; you are utterly worn out. Mrs. Chewning was ui :‘:r ’;e"‘" by t{elephone yesi g because of a T connection, later the Senator muelf called twbu ble to reach terday morn- Chief Justice Taft was in poor phys- ical condition when the Supreme Court term ended in June, 1929. He then went to Cincinnati to visit his brother, Charles P. Taft, and places of his child. hood. He overtaxed himself by walk- ing while in Cincinnati and came back to Washington to go into a hospital, Wwhere he remained until he went to his Summer home at Murray Bay, Canada. He was taken to the train in a wheel chalr, but last October returned to Washington sufficiently improved to walk from the train to his automobile. At Murray Bay he had suffered an acci- dent while automobiling. Made Trip Despite Warning. He was able to attend each session of the court until it took its recess in December. Upon his return from Cin- cinnati—he had undertaken the trip against the advice of his physician—he immediately attended a conference of the Supreme Court, driving directly from the station to the Cn?lwl. After this he was unab) his place on the bench. When the court reconvened two days later Jus- tice Holmes presided in his absencey Just before the court started upon its present recess Justice Van Devanter presided in the absence of Justice Holmes, who was confined to his resi- dence by a cold. Chief "Justice Taft decided to go to Garfield Hospital for treatment for bladder trouble and after remaining ,l,:'fi" about e week he went to Ashe- le. CANADIAN ENVOY DIES. LONDON, February 3 (#).—Peter Larkin, Canadian high commissioner in London, died today at his residence in this city. He had been ill since rations conference. Larkin was 73 years old and was high commissioner of Canada in the United Kingdom since 1922. He was born in Montreal, and before he was very old originated the idea of delivering tea to the public in sealed lead packets. He became known as the “tea king of Am ! H‘:‘;‘uiumhmflflwmm‘. | on Mayor Carroll Chewning of he returned here from The Hague repa- | Wished them happiness, and urged them to rfi;u& home, e i uzens, who is 19, this season’s debutantes, m?e'c:m :: her preference for art study, her, - ents gave no formal presentation ‘blrly for her. Her art will go by the boards nm}. however, “I know Il be too busy keepir house and looking after my hi sbunzrlz have any time for art studies,” she sald, She first met her husband at the President’s Cup races the Potomac last September. They saw each other next at the Junior League ball in Wash- ington in December. On Friday night, January 17, they became engaged at “just & regular date.” Plans to marry in March were discarded when news- papers began printing reports of the en;;lemm. she said. Mr. Chewning is 25. Mr. Chewning will spend another day in this section before leaving for a r|¥hbllng mrl)w{! t.;l'p home. e couple ing accompanied Charles R. Long, formerly of Wllhh:{ hl?n égd namw o!nd Norfolk, an uncle of r. Chewning, and Miss Francis Calvin, an old school friend of the brids 4 were looking forward to a dip in the pool at the Cavalier Hotel and & ramble on the beach. Mr. Chewning announced that their fist appearance in Washington will be next Monday night, when they will be present at the Bachelors' cotillon, of which Mr. Chewning is treasurer. They will then start to keeping house. The souple will go to Suffolk tomor- row night, where they will pay a second visit to Mr. Chewning’s uncle, W. & Johnson, editor of the Suffolk A From there they will continue to vis:t spots of historic interest on the WVir- ginia Peninsula, including Jamestown, Willlamsburg and Yorktown. Along the return route t.he‘y will call Urbanna. another relative of the groom'’s, and #4 parents, Mr. and Mrs. Wiillam .. Chewning, in Fredericksburg. The honeymoon tour is being made in 3" Chewning's small coupe. The rumuie seat was called into service today for the Virginia Beach trip. The couple did not know exactly at what hour they will make their departure from Norfolk tomorrow. The bride expressed her impatience to get away and start her own apartment. v