Evening Star Newspaper, September 29, 1929, Page 44

THE EVENING, STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY.....September 29, 1920 THEODORF W. NOYEE, . ..Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Office: St. and Pennsylvania Ave. 11th St. . Oniense o Lake' Michiskn Buldine. Eiircbean Ofice 14 Regent 8t London. Rate by Carrier Within the City. s Evening E!ar .. 45¢ per month s Svening an Bunday Star THe Evening snd Bu S o (e 5 Sundase)- 65¢ per month 18 per copy ‘eaeh month. t 18 by mail ar telephone NAtional Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Vlrl n| Dafly and Sunday....1 yr., $10.00; 1 Daily only . 1 yr.l '$6.00: 1 Sunday only 1 yr. $400: 1 All Other States and Canada. Dally and Sunday..l % $12.00; 1 me i 1 mo. 60c ma., 88 mo., mo. Member of the Assaciaied Press. The Associatea Press is exclusively entt 0 tne 1me for republication of all Tews dig- atches credited to It or not othermize cred- ted in this paper an fhe local Tows also published herein. “All righis of publication special dispatches hereln are 8lso res === The Fare Case Resumption. After an interlude marked by the Public Utilites Commission’s censid- eration of other subjects, the street car fare hearings will be resumed a week from tomorrow. With testimony com- pleted on the car companies' applica- vions for higher fares, the subject awaiting discussion is the commission’s proposal jor corporate merger of the lines. The Capital Traction Company, holding to its previously outlined stand, will not consent to consideration o« merger as a part of the fare question. But it has expressed willingness to state its objections or consent to specific parts of the merger plan drawn up by the Public Utilities Commission. The Washington Rallway and Klectric Company, on the other hand, has so far declined te make any reply to the Public Utilities Commission’s invitation to discuss the new merger agreement. ‘The last that the company's repre- sentatives said on that subject was when President Ham admitted that he had not had time, so far, even to read the merger proposal. It has become evident that his lack of interest is indicative of the company's attitude on the subject. 1If the Washington Railway and Elec- tric Company chooses to adopt that attitude, it is the company’s business. But in the light of the company's former activities in connection with seeking Congressional authority to merge, its refusal now to take the necessary and reasonable steps toward merger is inconsistent and illogical. It places the company in the light of stub- bornly opposing, for selfish reasons, the means to reach an objective desirable from the public as well as the corpora- tion viewpoint, The proposed merger at existing rates of fare would grant for the corporations, it is generally con- ceded, substantially the same results that would obtain through an increase in fare without merger—that is, higher Tevenyue by reason of decreased opera- tion costs. In the case of the merger, the public would share in what benefits may le in better and more convenient service. In the case of higher car fares, the public would merely contribute addi- tional revenue without receiving any- thing, not even a promise or hope of better service in return. ‘The Washington Railway and Electric Company has the opportunity to take steps in the week remaining before hearings are resumed that will demon- strate the sincerity of its formerly expressed desires to improve the service 1t renders to the public. ‘The Public Utilities Commission, on the other hand, will not be seriously ‘handicapped by negative action on the part of the Washington Railway and Electric Company. Since the hearings were temporarily halted it has received from Corporation Counsel Bride an opinion which strengthens its authority to order joint use of tracks by the competing lines, and it has outlined a plan of rerouting which could con- ceivably be put.into operation in the interests of the public and with savings to the corporations. At the same time it is in a position to decide the car fare case by ordering & revaluation of the two companies, a process that is certainly needed and which would relegate the question of rates for the time being. ‘The Public Utilitles Commission can decide the fare question in more ways than one. The companies should do all in their power to bring about a decision that will carry with it those few benefits that the public has a right to demand and expect. : e Travel is rapid and comfortable. Statesmen with matters to discuss visit one another. As centuries are counted it is not so very long since the days of the stage coach, which now has no place excepting in a museum. The Government Service Week. full days. OCertainly for most of the routine tasks of the departmental serv- ice there is no gain in that added half day. One reason is that the.Govern- ment employes feel that their reten- tion at their desks for the full day of Saturday during nine mronths of the year is not justified by the necessities of the public service. During three months of the year, the hottest months, they are able to maintain an average pace that keeps the work current. Therefore they cannot see the need of being held to their desks for the additional half day the rest of the year. And nobody does willingly or effectively work that is regarded as needless. In practically all the trades the work- ing week consists of five and a half days. The Government glone of all the rge employers in this country holds its ‘operatives" to a six-day week save for three months in Summer when Satur- day half holidays are granted as a measur€, »¢ health protection. The Na- 490 | tional Federwiin of Federal Employes will ask Congress to mcke the Govern- me=$ gervice conform, in respect to working schedules, to private emplay- ments in this country. et ———— The “Social Lobby.” A member of the Senate, referring to the inquiry now in progress relative to the activities of the “high power salesmin” who claims to have thwarted | in the Geneva naval limitations confer- ence, is quot in a Washington dis- patch to the New York Times as fol- lows: ‘We'll walt and see what comes of the Shearer investigation and then broaden out the fleld of inquiry as may seem desirable. Certainly it can include investigation of the social lobby. ® That's more insidious than any other. Ry “social lobby” is probably meant the fwofessional lobby that operates through social agencies and at soclal functions rather than at the Capitol. ‘There is in truth, however, no particu- lar difference between this and any other kind of lobby, by whatever name it may be &alled. For all the lobbles of Washington work socially. Ever since there was a Congress there has been a 1dbby at the place of meet- ing, a lobby of people interested in the promotion of legislation or its pre- vention. Originally the lobby consisted of individuals, * each working on his own line, each seeking to advance his own interests, self-appointed lobbyists concerned in individual measures. Eventually, however, it was found that men could be engaged to represent those who were interested in legisla- tion, these agents having, or professing to have, extensive acquaintance with legislators, perhaps being themselves former members of Congress, men, therefore, of experience in legislative matters. Sometimes these representa- tives were lawyers, engaged for the sake of their legal talents as well as their influence and knowledge of legislative methods. Again, they were “experts,” with: technical knowledge of particular subjects. All of these lobbyists, whether work- ing individually or in groups, whether representing only their own interests or those of others, have always used “social” methods, some preferring to meet their legislative “contacts” else- where than at the Capitol. There are two schools of lobbyistic thought. One school prefers the direct method, the plan of promotion and persuasion at the Capitol. The other school favors concentration on the sidelines, so to speak, at the homes of legisiators, at dinner parties, teas, luncheons, recep- tions. It all depends on the lobbyist and the lobbied. Investigation of the “social lobby” would, if thorough, produce some very interesting reading. But who will guar- antee thoroughness of inquiry? Who will be found to tell the whole story of those indirect approaches that are represented in the lobbyist's account book under the heading “incidental ex- pense”? And, it may as well be said, there is precious little likelihood of stopping the social lobby in Washing- ton by investigation or otherwise. It is a condition inherent to legislation by a popular assemblage. It is & con- dition incident to government of any kind, anywhere. Laws may be passed for the regula- tion of the lobby, for the registration of lobbyists, perhaps requiring the fil- ing of reports of costs and charges. But even if fully enforced, they will not prevent lobbying, will not check the old, old precedure of hiring special agents to advance special interests in the framing or in the prevention of legislation. All that can come from an investigation of the lobby, soclal or otherwise, would be some interesting gossip, perhaps some clouded reputa- tions, and a shifting of personnel. ———r———————— ‘The hurricane swept aside from Flor- ida, again calling attention to that State as a fortunate as well as a beau- titul locality, —e— Crippled Children. The crippled child presents a par- ticularly pathetic picture upon which the American College of Surgeons will Yesterday was the last of the Satur- | center its_attention at the annual day half holidays of the season. Here- | clinical céngress of this distinguished after, until some time in the late Spring | body in Chicago next month. or the early Summer of 1930, the Gov-| Plans are under way for demonstra- ernment departments will work on full- | tions by noted orthopedic surgeons of time basis for each of the six days of | Procedure which promises to relegate each week. It is announced, however, | to the trash heap the cumbersome and thav the National Federation of Federal | Painful buckles, braces and casts which Employes will ask for legislation at the| have been the chief instruments of next session of Congress putting the! treatment in the past. The olinics will departmental service definitely und' try to show what surgery is accomplish- pern.anently on the Saturdasy half-|ing to make useful citizens of the holiday basis, > 265,000 crippled children in the United Nearly thirty years ago the depart-|States. The College of Surgeons also mental working hours were extended,|Plans an educational campaign to the closing time being shifted from four | Acquaint the public with methods of o'clock to four-tiairty. This was done under the impression that the addition of half an hour to the working day of the clerks would increase the “output.” As a matter of fact, it did not. It is Impossible now to measure the efficiency of the departmental working forces of today compared with those of the earlier time, because meanwhile the de- partmental conditions have changed completely; the forces have been great- ly enlarged and there is mo basis of estimation. It is, however, the observa- tion of those with experience both be- fore and after the change that as far ‘as general cfliclency has gone the Gov- ernment’s work was as well and &s rap- 1dly done during the nine to four work- ing days as during the longer day. - preventing deforinity-producing diseases. “The care of the destitute and crip- pled child has become & national problem,” says Dr. Philip H. Kreuscher, president of the Chicago chapter of the college. A survey made by the International Society for Crippled Children shows that there are more than a half million cripples in the United States and ‘of these are under sixteen years of age. Eighty-eight thousand are crippled as & result of infantile paralysis and to this number seventeen thousand names are added annually. For each hundred thousand population there are fifteen hundred crippled children, eighty per cent of whom have indigent parents. Deformities among children, the sur- The same is true Wit} re’cience to| vey shows, arise chiefly from tubercu- the week. The working +week of five | losis, infantile paralysis, rickets and and a half days probably yields as much congenital malformations. The number 4n “oufput” as the longer week of six of deformities from the first of these uummbeenmm,reflw'ul] 2 better understanding of preventive measures on the part of the pyblie the fact that milk from cows has largely been exclyded from the diet ‘of children. Infanille paralysis s on the increase. Rickets, very largely a preventable disease, is responsible for one-fourth of the deformities. “Millions are spent each year,” Dr. Kreuscher says, “for education, but only paltry thousands for physical vecon- struction and rehabilitation in. the veclaiming of the crippled child, In view of the faet that eighty per cent of cripples are children of poor parents, 1t becomes obvious that the munici- pality, the State and even the Federal Government must assist in this im- portant work, . Improvement in the social and economic status of the crippled child will be accomplished more successfully when the various agencles now working independently, and more or less inefficiently, combine their efforts with those of the organized medical and surgical profession.” Taximen and Tricksters. Here is & dispatch fram Rochester, N. ¥., printed in The Star yesterday, that requives & postscript, or “follow”: W. J. Ewen, disillusioned. It & fare in to New York. Y looked like velvet when It him to drive jumped the eab ‘ankers, near ‘zu lfl{fl‘ the o ie 00-mile \wip, stapped hare 10 wire for money. 0 What most people would like to know about this case is what will happen to Ewen when he gets back to Detroit. Will he have to pay for his ? ‘Will he be paid for his time in driving his elusive fare to Yonkers and then driving back home again with an empty cab? In short, will Ewen have to bear the burden of this trick? ‘Taxicab drivers are not supposed to use their judgment regarding the re- liability of the people who engage them for service. They are “common car- riers” and must take whomever sum- mons them, There may be some kind of a rule operative in large taxicab eom- panies regarding unusual orders such as that received by Ewen at Detrolt, but the public does not know of any sueh regulation. If a taxi driver as- sumes the risk of an exceptional order, what is the limit beyond which he takes his own chances? Is it one hundred miles, or & thousand? In the past few years there have been numerous cases of public vehiele drivers held up by robbers who have boarded their cars as passengers. Some drivers have been slain. In some cases cabs have been stolen, the drivers being forced to alight at the point of a gun. But no word has ever come respecting the obligation of the employing com- pany toward its operatives, who are thus exposed in line of duty to serious, even deadly hazard. Perhaps company taxi drivers are pro- tected by a form of insurance against fraudulent fares, such as the man who rode free from Detroit to Yonkers. ‘There is certainly a risk in that sort of thing at all times. But in the light of Chauffeur Ewen's experience it is quite Likely that taxi drivers wha are asked to trundle their fares over five or aix hun- dred miles of road will be likely to de- mand a deposit in advance, st least to cover the cost of fuel. [ — Germany is back in the world mar- ket. The emotional talk about “hang- ing the Kaiser” has ceased, and people are now studying his relationship, as one of the world's biggest business men, | I to the tariff. ——————e There is a strange fascination about crime news. The reader is at least permitted to follow columns of harrow- ing details without suspicion of propa- ganda, ———————— Aviation has made marvelous prog- ress. Yet it has not gone ahead far enough to provide Washington, D. ©., with a suitable airport. ——————————— A quarrel is in progress as to how the Koran shall be taught. Turkey has never been successful in keeping re- ligion out of politics. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. . Old Man Trouble. ©Old Man Trouble Came this way. Cares redouble Every day. With & warning He draws near; Yet next morning Will be shining so clear. ‘To your heart’s content. Possible Imposition. “Did you ever attend a party where alcoholic heverages were served?” “Not to my knowledge,” answered Sen- ator Sorghum. “I am absolutely ig- norant of such flavors and it may be barely possible that my innocence has been imposed upon.” | sgg it Ei gi g 5 Egé i Hi i i § 2 g 1 X H | g} § § ¢ % | ; § ] i g Ed_ EE‘ : ! i g § i ;E i y i : k eyl 5 i g i 1 i§<5 i E g { ! HE ) i 3 f Detroit taxl driver, is|been “MEMORIES AND IDEALS” BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E, FREEMAN, D. D, LL. Text—"And David longed, and said, Oh! that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethiehem, which is by the gate."—IT Samuel, xxiii.1s. that concerned the security of the state. He had risen step by step from his humble career as a lh.rhll:bb. the leader of a great people. He was renowned in arms and his position was an enviable one. From & ?uuly human standpoint he had dll that he could de- sire, and yet, conscious of 'his power and growing influence, he had a pas- slonate yearning for the waters of the ;-u-swmnn-mmmmom ‘The narrative is dramatic. Three his atalwart warriors broke through the host of the Philistines and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, “and took it and brought it to David." Little did the King llinfllll'::lbu:h ml':‘t’- e at too great a price, and his Lord. h‘\ is quite universally true of all of that as we grow 1 to the inei- wit dents and experiences of our early life. ‘Traglo is the situation of that man or T g0 et 5 of 3 grow old an 80 disillusioned by the stern and bitter ex- periences of life that we are incapable of affection Yor old environments, asso- clations, fellowships and ideals is not only to lose out of life ane of its sweet- est treasures, but ane of its greatest in- apirations. Well did the poet write: “How dear to my heart are the scenes of my childhood, When fond recollect of | dags, " H ays. He shadow. in years we turn | stands tion presents the to view." ? BSome one wisely observed that sixteen la determines the conditions of our life at sixty. He eonceived that Wwhat we fix for ourselves in the way of D., ideals and obligations in the plastic period of youth largely determines the results at sixty. To live with only the consclousness of the values of the pres- Socupatians St ‘the Tutice Wiihbus the oce e uf unlmnl habit of looking to uu"roek from whence we are hewn, means im- ?overhhment and ultimate dissatisfac- fon. An engaging book written some time entitied “The Man Without Shadow" is descriptive of a life that had suffered the ecli) 0 one who had lost }un. Even names and faces of kins- olk and friends were quite lost to him. comes suddenly ‘ipon @ situation that was intimately related to the things of his _chil . Immediately memary reasserted itself and the darkened mind with the light of other had found at length his As we grow in years our shadow lengthens. It reaches from the present clear back into the remote period when life was simple and unformed. Prob- lhlflnnsmn: cantributes more largely to maintenance of the high th ter than this consclousness of 1t out,” as a sacrificial offer- | the id Wi botind to measure ourselves by those ards - that we set when all the world was before us. ripen and mature or “grow old gracefully” means more than to enjoy the joys and emolu- ments of the present. It means to keep life wholesome, pure and consistent by adhering to the standards and ideals of early days. In our better hours we eara for the waters of some well by thiehem's gate. Memory renders us no greater service than to keep fresh and active the precepts and iciples inculcated by one whose voice may long since have been stilled. We may arn for the “touch of a vanished and and the sound of a voice that is SHIL" but 1t is far beiter to exemplify e 2 5 el youl “re- gll'l.hl of feeling™ una"fi honas the it by a fresh commitment to its hest and hollest standards. Democrats Make New Alignment In Fight on BY WILLIAM HARD. The Democratic party is swinging into & new alignment in its fight against the Republican teriff bill. The period of simple alliance with the purely agri- cultural insurgent Republican Senators of the Northwest is over. The Demo- cratic party is moving now to a battle of its own against the Republican reg- ulars on principles much gro-der than “farm reliet.” To this writer Senator Key Pittman, Democrat, of Nevada, has made a state- ment significantly expressive of the broadening tendency now apparent on the Democratic side of the Senate | chamber. Far from continuing to de- mand that revision of the tariff be con- fined to agricultural products, in har- mony with the recent Borah resolution, for which the mass of Democratic Sen- ators voted, Senator Pittman states that he will earnestly support the pro- 1 for a new duty on silver and that e will judge the whole bill not from the standpoint of the principles of the Borah resolution, but from the stand- point of the principles of the Demo- cratic platform adopted last year in the Democratic national convention at Houston. * Kok % Senator Pittman in that convention was the chairman of the committee on resolutions. He is reputed to have been the chief immediate author of the tariff plank. That plank laid down no distinction between agricultural prod- ucts and other products. It asserted a universal proposition which covered all products and which was worded as fol- lows “Actual difference between the cost of production at home and abroad, with adequate safeguard for the sale of the American laborer, must be the extreme measure of every tariff rate.” Senator Pittman states that he stood by that proposition then and stands by it now, and will guide his conduct to- ward the present bill accordingly. In his judgment, the time now gone by when this bill could be successfully and properly confined to a revision of the agricultural schedule. As he looks at it, the whole subject of the tariff, from top to bottom and from ocean to ocean, has now been unclosably opened up and each item which is pressed for revision must be considered on the basis of its own individual just merits. For silver Mr. Pittman maintains that ] amasingly low level of prices constitute a more than mvlg for the remo of that commodity from the free list to the dutiable list. L . An extremely large number of Demo- cratic Senators with a somewhat dif- ferent lundpotnt' make out & vlgmlx;ua‘; ese. il m du could not to be ity they hope ot able to produce manganese. President's recent recoil from a mai and a betrayal of It will lll’odhe T over 8117 | "Detalls of Republican Tariff 0 unbridled, any more than should {ho industrial schedules. There 2!’! some so-called agricultural commedities which at the present time have pi tically no competition from imports, but which are yet seeking higher and higher rates in order to cl higher prices to the American people. * * ok x ‘This effort by Mr. Shouse to look at the whole tariff system with an even gaze, unbiased either toward agricul- ture or against industry, but scientifi- cally just to both, is very considerably replacing in Democratic ranks the in- ation toward assuming that every- thing that an agricultural lobbyist says is wrong. This does not mean a less determined fight against alleged ex- Cesses in the present bill. It means perhaps even a flercer fight, because one that will be more logical and more accurate. At the same time, it indi- cates that the Democratic party does not wish to be considered the party of a class or ‘of a region and is resolute to be national. That drift of purpose, if carried through, seems likely at this week end to give to the remainder of the tariff fight the color not so much of a struggle between factory and farm as of a struggle between Republican liberal estimate and a Democratic strict estimate of the amount of pro- tection actually needed to protect the fully United States and future as a whole. (Copyright, 1920.) to stimulate its Railroads Are Carrying Record Freight This Year BY HARDEN COLFAX. Railroads of the United States are steaming toward new high records in freight traffic, an indication of busi- ness and industrial activity all the more conclusive when it is considered that & greater volume of short-haul freight is being transported by motor trucks! than ever before. Every section of the country, divided for railroad accounting purposes into seven districts, is -lurgu’ln increased volume of business by the carriers, compared with 1928. The Southern }district had a somewhat slow start, but at the moment is succeeding in passing last year's figures. £ Re] received by the car service division of the American Railway As- soclation for the first 37 weeks of the rnr. ended September 14, show total oadings of revenue freight for the 1929 period to aggregate 37,511,000 cars, an increase of 1,627,000 cars, or 4.5 per cent, over the corresponding period of ; an increase 591,000 cars, or 1.6 per cent, over 1927, and an increase 293,000 cars, or nearly .08 per cent, above the first 37 weeks of 1926, a year of widespread industrial activity. In showing, each of the seven districts records an increase above last year, with the exception of the South- ern, which d only 10 cars, and since it shows a total of 5,351,982 moved in the period this year and with a steady increase in the last few weeks, bly will show an increase that district, too. the statistics disclose an 2 | increased" loading revenue freight in - | creases of 1938 seven of the eight classifications over corresponding figures for 1928, live- stock alone recording a decrease with ¢ | marking a line of e . . Capital Sidelights P BY, WILL 'P. KENNEDY. n tration of Herbert Hoover, world-famed engineer, the pick of the American engineering profession, both military and civilian, are carry- ing forward a project of vital national defense and political as well as eco- nomie importance. For more than four centuries the maritime nations of the world have sought a short passage to Far Cathay and the fabled wealth of the East across that narrow strip of ! land joining North and South America and separating the Atlantic and Pacific he | oceans, In consequence, the name of Nicaragua has been written large on sonie of the most colorful pages of ‘istory. When the intrepid ploneer de Balboa in 1513 had seen the Pacific Ocean he ardently sought for a natural passage between the two oceans, and at the very outset his idea was to utllize the course of the wide rivers of the Isthmus of Darien. Under his driving determi- nation four barkentines were carried In Pllul. despite untold hardships and labor, from sea to sea, over mountain heights, before he was charged with reason and beheaded ln.:‘btl‘l, thus fl‘l“:: 2t coress isf - e ‘siavedra. interprellng A viows to Charles V to construct eanal h that isthmus. A few years later Herman Cortez, then master of Mexico, desired to dig a maritime canal through the Isthmus | tion of Tehuantepee, and in his letters to Charles V he laid great stress upon the necessity of accomplishing that projeet. ‘Then in 1550 the Portuguese navi- gator Antonia Galvao published a book designed to show that it was possible to construct a ship canal through the isthmuses of Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama and Southern Darien. ‘Thi ¢ close of the sixteenth the four principal routes for €anal were known. & Gama and Ferd- | ha made thelr ploneer by mmuwoluoodmmm Cape Horn. land toward the close of the eighteenth century attached to the interoceanic ~ waterway question its full political and commereial impor- tance, and this was the cause of Nelson's un!nrtu“xlulk:n tion against Nica- E:u we find the greatest minds of their day and the pioneer voyagers and geographers focusing their attention on this proposal to make a short cut be- tween the two great oceans during the succeeding centuries. It is of very timely interest to note that in 1902, or more than a quarter of & century ago, after an extensive sur- vey of both the proposed Panama and Nicaraguan routes for an interoceanic canal at the direction of , 8 Chuimeers reporied 0 Néo"nfirwm it el ieers rej “the most practicable and feasible route” for an isthmian canal to be “under the control, management and ownership of the United States is that bitter fight in ite known as the Nicaragua route.” ¥as 8 long and in operation with the prospect that it will soon be in- adequate for the commerce between the two oce: In the a resolution was ut through, fathered by Senator Wal- r E. Edge of New Jersey, and appro- priation of $150,000 made available to pay the costs of a new el study to bring the Nicaraguan route to date. President Hoover, other interoceanic canal,’as of military value as well as of commereial and economic desirability, acted prompt- ly on this authority from Congress and has ordered a picked regiment of en- gineers—Army and civilian—to make the study, a report on which is required by Congress in two years’ time. Under a treaty with Nicaragua the United States has the right to develop this additional waterway to join the Pa- cific and Atlantic Oceans and this coun- try would not countenance any other nation building Here, then, is mantic background for centuries, and of epochal importance in this new day of American supremacy in in which States—from —are vitaily interested. Thus do see the history of our day growing of the history of the past. * ok ok o* With the gro complaint against the “law's delay” t our land, comes & new prophet in the person George R. Farnum, Assistant Attorney General, who points out that this coun- try ocould relieve its court procedure from much of the incumbering and beclouc irrelevant testimony, and, at the same time, the fession to a more Cl 3 by taking a lesson from the Engl procedure. His views were expressed in a talk on the English Inns of Court before the Federal Bar we out wyers d e o la branches of the ‘Washington. he'.dmn the organization of nt:ln ::pem.noe. as he has just returned from trying an extremely important case for the United smu%ovmme in Lon- million carloads, for the|gq ‘The distri- over and “miscellan mmll.\.l-umo record for the country as a " Gontrasting the first 37 weeks of this ar with the corresponding period of e active year 1926, grain and grain Die gt loadings record increase, ue While livestock, coal, coke, forest prod- i end et o] gt * ok k% broadening no means stopped there. the tic — Democratic party has recollected the conditions and the tendencies of bers in such States as u- process has , the grand total, how- ever, being an increase. 1 of revenue ‘These of loadin; freight reflect activity of frelght move- ment_originating on the lines of the carriers, but do not coincide with statistics of rail haulage of freight. which are blleeu‘l!l‘ron the weight and the distance hauled. PR ica ther of recent years some tendency toward some speclalization between court and office practice, the average office lawyer is free to take a S8 fesrana he oes 80 D% InfTequently. esires, ane A ‘The result is that the majority of cases a |from the Inters sion. STATE AIR REGULATION e ML e Wil 8Y FREDERIC 1. HASKIN. That American legislators are de-|® termined to p.otect the i travel ‘:anme oo k:.ha: m::lc ue none o n for - tion which hp::gmnrked m‘m‘lfit lon :( rallways and st 1s_shown w that, in additlon to Federal the State Legislatures of the country enacted 106 new laws relat- ing to aircraft during the 1928-1929 'uwll‘:. mli)d‘ wl..l‘of 25? bills -hlh"n- are on‘b' 2 s The Federal Government was fitst in the regulative field, Congress enacting the nl;” eng'mree u't“ol lr:c,dz'hlch since n W up b} amendments. 8o, the last umi years, an he‘x:th&k new '.r:nspomttan regul en effect, both Na- uonn* and State. . It has been a growing habit on the part of our lawmakers to regulate transportation, _especially in half century. The first measure of - tion reldted to railroads. The up century, was the foretusiaer of a fzdlle of public rule of transportation which now covers almost every branch. Year by year the powers of the commission have been a to until now a rail- road cannot operate without being reg- ulated at e trol its own being subject to sypervi cannot even cease opera obtaining a certificate of abandonment tate Commerce Commis~ Steamship lines went through the same history. The steamboat pec- service must inspect all vessels, especially those carrying passengers. The United States Shipping Board gov- erns rates and practices. The Bureau of Navigation enforces the sea laws. ‘The State governments control trans- portation lines within their borders, and the cities also regulate street car lines and automobile traffic. Forty-one States Act. During this last legislative session of the State law-making bodies, 41 States considered affec alr fact that the Legislatures of 3 QGeorgia, Kentucky, Mississippi and Vir- ginia were not in session. The air industry—that is, manufac- turers of planes, air transportation and pilots—are somewhat ral lines they have lost | ] |vent the . | department. horized a State board of aeronautics, while a similar bill is pending in New TSey. Illinois and Michigan granted to rail- roads authority to operate airplanes. A similar measure is 4n Wiscon- sin, but Missouri has defeated ons. Aeronautic insurance was the subject of bills passed in Michigan, Jows and Néw Jersey, and Michigan has p! & tax on gasoline used by aircraft. Ohio al- ready had such a tax. California bas recently passed a law subjecting air- planes to quarantine regulations o pre- bringing of agricultural pests Vil be seen_from’ ts. tendency Wi seen that a pilot wili have to be about as much of a lawyer as he is an aeronaut if he is to out rul’u!ll:z7 of different laws, to late which would entail fnnnluu in fines and perhaps loss of icense. In an effort to check the tend- ency, the Aeronautic Chamber of Com- merce plnm'wtngri‘ -‘.’s & c|en:nl ho: on_proposals o Legislatures bring about as great a measure of uniformity as possible. Federal Laws Stabilize. ‘The fact that the aeronautics branch of the Federal Department of Com- merce is 30 active in matters of general regula likely to prove a stabilizer. Aviation especially lends itself to inter- long-distance hts country. ‘These Federal activities are designed on the one hand to promote aviation and on the other to protect the public, ‘There is in the aeronautics branch of- the department an airways division concerning itself with survey, struction, radio, weather and ‘municat . This division is the pro- moter of airways. Another dlv)ddon is engineering, lighting, and engine testing. Any plane to enter interstate com- merce for the transport of mail, pas- sengers and merchandise must be licensed by the Department of Com- merce, and before such licenses are issued tbe most rigid tests must be met. A manufacturer must submit full data on the type of his machine, and these are subjecied to the most search- ing scrutiny by the engineers of the After the blue prints are in | approved, the planes themselves must transporta ure of yniformity will be adopted by the States to prevent a situation where -distance flying would be hampererd | the necessity of conforming wi fresh practice every time a State is crossed. examination of the measures pro- during the last legislative session reveals that 71 were designed to regu- late or license aircraft and pilots. Eighty-four general acts and five special acts had te do with the au- thorization and regulation of Rhode Island set up a study the subject, reparatory to de- veloping control P r. Michigan au- be examined with equal care. The Government even goes so far as to maintain a constant inspection at the factory of equipment, personnel, work- manship, materials and methods of fabrication. This is not an_inspection service made once and then freeing the th | manufacturer to make an unlimited number of planes. stantly. So far the department has issued 20,321 licenses to student pilots, ap- proved 190 types of planes and 26 dif- ferent engines, licensed 6,740 airplanes, 8,478 pilots and 6,421 mechanics.: The airplane manufacturing business and number of persons desiring to fly are growing so rapidly that the Depariment of Commerce must constantly increase its inspection force to keep up. Then, too, the department maintains a route inspection, air traffic officers con- stantly going about to detect violations of regulations. It is kept up con- Fifty Years Ago In The Star some of the sections or'gewp’lf‘"m‘gn are now within the Utopian Life in 1 Mount Pleasant. 37" 'was Mount Pleasant, the region of the heights north of Florida avenue, then Boundary street, and centering on Fourteenth street. In The Star of September 27, 1879, is & letter of “cor- ndence” from Mount Pleasant, as follows: “'As there are Lord ), through the hands of a long line ancest the , finally became property of M&wnommmflnmu R e wl now owns a the origina) estate, lying east of the Fourteenth street road. After a num- ber of years, when the vast estate had passed the hands of various members of the Holmead family, a large became the property of S. P. wn, who is now a resident of the village, the land where the present village stands. At that time the property was used as the head- quarters of & detachment of the Union Army and northward of Boundary !ge"{: :x.fd lemur side of Fourteenth fmfle onu:he“wufi- of t.hp:dra:d was lay ' between ith street and Seventeenth street. itary forces had been wif that attempts were made to improve this vast property. In a short time the was laid ouf loca- and heal bought lots and built residences. Dur- ing 10 years the village has steadily grown, many improvements made and roads and houses built. The villagers are mostly Government employes and nearly all New England people. Many of the villagers raise their own A keep their cattle, have a garden and tHng | in America are tried by men who are | produce their own vegetables and keep | iy’ not peculiarly trained ;ho mfi’: :xpcrt technique lnet.hmwor jul e wit..h” the result that are as advocates and |a neat flower garden, while some possess fine fruit orchards. - There are two good stores in the village, which supply of evel life. of | post office has been es! ,wfmemmlmm TG i f §§ e 1 m’l?& mnmax;'nhool he lage competitive exam- ation of candidates for the high This and . That By Charles E. Tracewell. “Isn't there something that can be done about it?” ‘This is the gist of inquiries in rela- tion to the recent dog poisonings which have taken place in various parts of the city. Always the owner of a lost pet wants to know what can be done about it. Now this is a natural question, but the sad part of it is that little, if anything, can be done about it, especially in re- t their dog has a rigl fresh air, even if he barks his head off night long, and thereby causes scores of nervous persons to stay awake. it their dogs run in neighborhoods, destroying shrubs, roses and tulips, digging up grass and in other ways creating a nuisance. 1t is inevitable that some one person in a neighborhood subjected to a con- tini dose of the dog nuisance will in [used as a hospital, while a long line | think of some way to end the said Fourteent nuisance. And the sad fact is that the “egslest way out” is t0 often the p:gan rToute for these people. * X X % These observations are not made as an apology for the dog poisoner, but was | Olely In ‘an effort to show readers “what can be done about it.” tter. This means that they must be kept home. We realize that this solution may not meet the ideas of some, but it has practical common sense behind it The man or woman who distributes poison thereby endangers not omly is particularly reprehen~ he does what he does al indifference, and has not e\‘lxen the excuse of sudden passion for deed. He cannot be guarded against, for he ‘The poisoner sible, in that criming £ am"‘:ntrl.kulnmdnk.munly!ulflm ummmiifi; tll‘fl.l two-legged coward is to give 2