Evening Star Newspaper, August 28, 1929, Page 8

| | | “ The S "THE EVENING STAR . With Sunday Merning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY. .. August 28, 1020 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Néwspaper Company Business Omce: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 4nd St. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Buildirg. European Office: 14 Regent St., London, England. ier Within the City. 45¢ per month | 60c per month 65¢ per month nday Star .. ¢ per copy Slon made at’ihe end of each month. )2y be sent in by mail or telephone o, ona Ra@by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginl Daily and Sunday....1 Daily only . . Sunday only mo., 5¢ f mo.. 50c $4.00; 1 mo., 40c All Other States and Cana | 4 Sunday..1 yr.. $12.00: $1.00 Daily onlv . $8.00: 1 mo., 75 Sunday only .00; 1 mo., S50c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and also the local rews published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Out of Swaddling Clothes. President Hoover proposes that 200,- 000,000 acres of the public domain, masse takes the trip to Europe through the ether. Either seaplanes or am- phibian planes will be demanded before ocean flying can be made commercially profitable. The islands would be of no use to seaplanes except possibly for docking purposes, * If the decks are to be seventy feet above the water line, the question of refueling seaplanes and permitting the passerigers to “take a stretch” will be another problem that will have to be solved. Amphiblan planes, of course, can land either on water or on solid ground and are the only practical ships for overwater flying, regardless of the distance to ba negotiated. So it would appear that the major use of the series of islands proposed by WMr. Armstrong would be for amphibian planes. In case of accident they could dred-mile “jumps” were made without | trouble the islands could be utilized. Enough fuel could be carried on ships distances, but to carry a profitable pay is practical, it is well within the bounds of reason that within a few vears a forty-cight-hour crossing of the At- lantic may be as commonplace as the forty-cight-hour crossing of the United States. But before the public can be expected to welcome overwater flying it must be provided with ships that are capable of landing, without mishap, on now administered by the Federal Government, be turned over to the States, The area which the President has in mind is exclusive of lands re- served for national parks, forests, Indians, minerals, power sites and other minor reserves. In the opinion of the Chief Execu- tive, the time has come to place in the hands of the State and local govern- ments the duty of administering this great. area, most of it now used for grazing, if used at all. This is a mat- ter. of justice to the States whose boundaries include these lands. At the same time it should prove a de- terrent to ever-increasing bureaucracy in this country. The latter end is as much to be desired as the former. It is high time that the State and local zovernments be encouraged to deal with matters that affect them directly and the National Government only in- directly, Probably the suggestion of the Presi- dent, contained in a letter addressed to Assistant Secretary of the Interior Joseph M. Dixon, will lead to con- troversy and to opposition. The ultra- conservationists may see in it an as- sault upon the conservation of the national resources of the country, found in the public domain. It will be observed, however, that the Presi- dent does not propose that the Federal Government shall relinquish control | over the areas set aside for mnational parks and forests, for the Indians and for developments of oil, coal and other minerals, and for the development of water power. 1t is proper that the proposal to turn over great areas of public lands to the control of the State governments should come from a Chief Executive who hails from the Far West where the public domain iz located. California, the State of his adoption, is one of the , great States of the Union. It ‘would be idle to argue that California is not able to handle the area within its borders which Mr. Hoover proposes shall be placed under the control of the State government. The vacant public domain today is found in seventeen States, withont counting Alaska. These | are all Western States, with the excep- | Hon of Florida, which has a compara- tivelv small acreage of public lands. President Hoover has a keen interest in the development of the great West- ern States. He showed this early in his administration when he promulgated an order to suspend the issuance of further prospecting permits for oil on the public domain. This he did in the interest not alone of conservation of natural re- sources—a national as well as a State problem—but also in the interest of honest development and the elimination of “blue-sky” promotions. He calls at- tention in his letter to Assistant Sec- retary Dixon that at the time he issued his order there were 40,0000000 acres of public domain covered by the pros- | pecting permits, and that after going into all claims, it had been found that | probably not more than 10,000,000 acres | were being honestly and diligently prospected. The President’s order halt- ing oil prospecting permits caused some criticism in the public land States, for it was felt that in a measure it halted the development of the States. ‘The President’s new proposal, how- ever, looking to the transfer of control of vast areas of land from the Federal to State governments doubtless will| strike a responsive chord in the public land States. It s right that these great commonwealths should be encouraged in every way to develop and to handle their | own affairs. s The real triumph of the Zeppelin consists in the faith 4t has established that, after one trip, it will be able to 3 | take an encore. i ) The Seadromes. The dream of Edward R. Armstrong for a serics of airplane landing fields scross the Atlantic seems well on its way to fulfillment with the announce- ment that the first of these floating islands would have its test off Cape May, N. J, by August,. 1930. When the inventor made known his plans sev- eral years ago, he encountéred litle but skepticism. Since that time, however, with the construction of models and the surface of the waves. Whether there are seadromes or not, there is very little thrill and a great deal of danger in fly- ing four hundred or more miles over the Atlantic waste in a land plane, and the Armstrong invention will add little to the solution of the transatlantic prob- lem unless this fact is clearly under- stood. B The North Carolina Trial. The widespread public interest in North Carolina’s trial of sixteen mem- bers and officials of the National Tex- tile Workers’ Union, charged with mur- der and conspiracy to kill a police- man, is an interesting commentary on American justice. This public interest does not spring from the crime itself. Tt is due to doubt that under the cir- cumstances those accused of the crime can expect to receive a fair trial, that their conviction or acquittal will rest upon evidence of their guilt and not upon evidence concerning their political philosophies. But developments now guarantee that there is to be no “rail- roading” of strikers through the courts of North Carolina. On the night of June 7 last Police Chief Aderholt of Gastonia, accom- panied by four other policemen, visited a tent colony maintained by the union and the International Workers’ Relief for Strikers from the nearby Loray cot- ton mill. There was shooting, and Chief Aderholt was wounded, dying the day following. The sixteen arrested were placed in jail, thirteen of them being held without bail on charges of first-de- gree murder and three of them, women, being subsequently released on ball un- der charges of second-degree murder. Feeling was high against the strikers. In the two months during which the Loray mill strike had been in progress before the murder Communists assisting in the conduct of the strike had made alleged inflammatory speeches, which may or may not have incited the dis- orders. Popular feeling, at least, in- dicted communism and its doctrines for the murder. Had the trial been held in Gastonia, this inflamed public opinion against the strikers might have been willing to hang them for being Communists and strikers, using the incidental murder as & con- venient excuse. Judge M. V. Barnhill of the Gaston Superior Court granted a change of venue, and is now being tried In the Meckle; Superior Court, in Charlotte, with ‘Barn- hill on the bench. He has begun the case by a ruling which is interpreted immediately as a gain for the strikers, for he has given notice that evidence introduced by the State will be limited to acts and utterances of the defendants in connection with their alleged con- spiracy to keep the police away from their headquarters by force. His order | bans mention of the inflammatory speeches alleged to have been made by the Communists, and it lessens the fear that the prisoners might be judged for their theories concerning economics, politics and religion instead of upon their acts on the day of the murder. North Carolina’s sound judgment, as indicated by the conduct of Judge Barn- hill, will be applauded by Americans who belicve that every citizen, no mat- ter what his condition in Ilife, his theories or his beliefs, is entitled to and will receive a fair trial in courts that are his refuge, and not his undoing. G o R S e i More airfields are demanded. The parking problem has expanded to un- expected dimensions, 'THE ' EVENING ' Mackey, now, masor of the Oity of] Brotherly Love, is kicking over the traces, it appears, and is inclined to have a slate of his own and to pass up the so-called Vare slate when it shall have been perfected. Mayor Mackey, when reproached for deserting “a sick man,” replied that Vare was well again. Mr. Vare will have to decide whether he is well or sick. If he de- cides he is well, he must face action by the Senate on his senatorial contest and a revolt, possibly, in his own ma- chine in Philadelphia. If he decides he is i1l and likely to remain il for some time to come, his political troublss may +be held in abeyance still longer. 'How- ever, if the reports emanating from Philadelphia are true, the Republican boss has by no means lost his grip and will deal with any insurgents in his or- {1and on water, and if the four-hun- |ganization promptly and forcibly. Mr. Vare and’ his machine have functioned successfully for years. His first real setback, a setback which ! of this type, not only to fly the required | threatened to wipe him off the map, politically, came when in 1926 former {load. And if Mr, Armstrong’s scheme | Senator “Jim” Reed of Missouri, as chairman of the Senate committee a) pointed to investigate charges of cor- ruption and excessive expenditures in senatorial primaries in Pennsylvania and Illinois, revealed to the public the manner in which politics is played in Philadelphia and other parts of the Keystone State. Supporters of both Mr. Vare and of Col. Frank L. Smith, who won the senatorial nomination and election in Illinois in that year, insisted they would eventually be seated by the Senate. But the Senate has not seat- ed them. Col. Smith, when he was denied the right to take the oath of office, resigned and sought vindication at the hands of the voters of his State. He was defeated in his effort for an- other senatorial nomination. Mr. Vare has held on. The hands of the Senate have been tied by his illness. If he decides now that he is well, and his case is submitted to the Senate finally for declsion, it will be a surprise to a number of politicians. But whatever he determines to do his case is not likely to be taken up in the Senate until the regular session in December. By that jtime the city elections in Philadelphia | will be out of the way. If Mr. Vare feels that his health is not such as to permit him to face the Senate, he may come to the conclusion that it is due his State to step aside and permit another man to go to the Senate as its representative. There is nothing to prevent his taking the same course as that followed a year and a half ago by Col. Smith, when the lat- ter resigned. If Mr. Vare should adopt such’ a course, the Governor of Penn- sylvania would be empowered to ap- point a Senator in his place to serve until after the elections are held in 1930. It is true that a contest against Mr. Vare still hangs fire before the Senate privileges and elections commit- tee, brought by William B. Wilson, his Democratic opponent, but there seems little doubt that contest would be disposed of promptly if Mr. Vare should indicate his determination to resign. ——ro—. The United States Government is studying plans for insurance and a more liberal policy as to annual vacations and sick leave. The Government service of- fers a favorable field for experiment in economic policies now advocated regard- ing fewer working hours and better compensation. R Chinese may be -justified in wonder- ing why Soviets, after having so much trouble of their own, should be desirous of bringing trouble to others. —ro———— American women use tons of cosmet- ics. There are no more homely women and the improvement of the promenade scenery is worth the expense. e Jerusalem has not progressed as a commereial city. But it continues to make history. B e — SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Here and There. “We're Here today,” We gayly “Tomorrow we'll be Therel” Across the sky A flight we'll try, Without a thought or care! Yet, after all, ‘We must recall ‘The good old-fashioned pow'r, ‘Which to the “fliv” A speed would give Of “Twenty Miles per Hour!" It made the cop His dreaming stop And jump upon his bike As he gave heed To 'such a speed As that old filv would strike! But now in mirth, Around the earth . For journeying we prepare, Up to Mr. Vare, The ‘iliness of William 'S. Vare, Sen- ator-elect from Pennsylvania, a per- sonal disadvantage, regretted by friend and foe alike, at the same time has been a temporary political advantage. .| Few, if any, doubt that had Mr. Vare retained his health his case would long since have been disposed of by the Sen- ate and that he would have been de- nied his seat in the Upper House. A decision of the Senate adverse to the Phithdelphia boss doubtless would have reacled seriously against him in “his home town. But there is’a’disinclina- tion to hit a sick man, a feeling that it 1s not quite sportsmanlike or the fair thing to do. So the case of Mr. Vare And gayly say, “We're Here today— 3 ‘Tomorrow” we'll be There.” . No Fear of Offense. . “Are you still interested in evolution?” . “Very much,” answered Senator Sor- ghuin. “Evolution'is a good topic for a speech at o time when economic issues are hard to manage. A monkey is always entertaining, but his family and friends have no votes.” Jud Tunkihs says he went fishin’, but the best he got was a special good sta- tion on ‘the clubhouse radio. Aristocracy. other experiments, Mr. Armstrong hes | has been permitted to run along with-| An aristocracy of brains convinced engineers that his scheme is|out final action by the Senate for more ( Asserts itself as earth complains; eminently practical, and three of the| best known companies in this country are co-operating %o build the various parts of the first seadrome. Fach island is to have a displacement of fifteen thousand tons. Four hundred feet wide by twelve hundred feet long, the landing deck will be seventy feet above normal sea level. The islands will be anchored by steel and masonry, even where the water is three miles deep. Ninety-five per cent of the total dis- placement will be below the “maximum ‘wave disturbance Jine,” in this manner making the island impervious to weather conditions. At first blush the idea of a series of Janding fields across the ocean, pro- vided they prove entirely practical, would seem to solve the transatlantic air problem. It is freely conceded that +the average present-day plane could, with some degree of safety, fly the four hundred miles betweéen the seadromes. Hut land planes will not used for cccan - flving when the® en then two years. He has been seriously ill for a year, being stricken at a . time when the Reed slush fund committee of the Senate was ready to proceed finally inst him. And if there has been an’inclination in Rhiladelphia to turn down the “boss” and a desire on the part of men formerly content'to be his leutenants to usurp the power of the boss it has so far been checked largely by the same feeling that public opinion would not tolerate a blow aimed at & sick man. : More recent reports indicate & change in the situation, so far as it applies to Mr, Vare. Mr. Vare had so far recovered his health that he planned to come to Washington to appear in his own de- fense in the Senate; and now it appears that in some quarters in Philadelphia the belief is growing it is time for a showdown, The Vare ticket must be framed for the Philadelphia’ primary next month, when ity officens are nom- inated for election in November. For Science brings so much that's new, They who can tell it are.but few! Progress of Refinement. “What Gulch?” “The old settlement got to be a spe- clal spot for pictures of cowboy life,” said Cactus Joe. “We've got so artistic ‘| of trade union | cross-examis THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘Whether reading a n umber of books at the same time is it or wrong is reading as & solemn duty, a sort of literary chore, upon which depends the fate of souls, no doubt such reading is wrong. To keep more than one bookish ket- tle stewing at once shows a lack of interest in any one to the exclusion of others, perhaps. The traditional attitude toward a book 1is that of the eager student who never permits his hands to let go of it once he gets his eyes on it. ‘The supreme praise which some mcn can give a book, especially a work of fiction, is to say that they sat up until 3 am, to finish it. possible to ‘read two, three, four or more ' books “at once, without losing track of any one of them or without berl;: forced to place any blame any- where. In some instances it is what might be termed reader vigor which impels one to begin another book before the first one is finished. This state of mind usually comes when the resder is in possession of several new books at_the same time. He is s0 eager to read them all that he finds himself dipping into the second one before the first has been finished. He likes both so well that he picks up a third in an idle hour, and be- comes so interested that he is half wey through it before he realiZes that he Yet these standard ways of looking | has bef at books are by no means the only ways to read. Those who have got certain point of comradeship with their books know better than to re- gard them as h‘lrd* Qllkml.!tfl'!. * Good books—and there are no other kind, if one selects wisely—impose no hardships upon their friends. Although one may get instruction from them, he is faced by no pedagogue holding a stopwatch. Books as friends are easy comfort- able as old slippers. There is a smile on their hospitable faces, as they beckon to one from their shelves. This is the antithesis of reading as a duty, either to one's self, to posterity or to futurity. The wise man doe. not take his reading so solemnly, but per- mits the gracious smiles of literature 1t oné reads because he likes to read, because he enjoys his books, he will be inclined to read more than one book at a time, in all likelihood. Instead of selecting one work, and reading it from the first word to the Jast, without deviation, accepting no in- terference, he will begin one book, start another before he has finished the first and maybe begin on a third before he has completed the reading of the other Wo. The book he began first he many fin- ish last, or he may never finish any of them. Now the dangers of this way of reading are many. It not only makes for lack of stability in personal reading habits. but it may become unfair to the various authors and their preclous books. The person who catches himself read- ing in thiz fashion finds 1t wise 1o | check up on himself, in order to see whether mental fatigue is responsible for his vagary—at least so it may scem to others. He must del;e into :l:hmlr‘:l\z, :.s fllr as possible, and see whether his desul- wrypombm are the result of intellectual ennui, or worse. In some cases readers find, on honest self-examination, that their jumping from one book to another is simply the result of lazy mental habits. Their powers of concentration are gone, or powerfully shattered. In either case they find it easier to begin a book than to finish it. The results of years of happy reading is so strong upon them that they cannot give up books, but they drive themselves to them, although they may resent being told so. “What!” they would exclaim, in- dignantl: love books as much as ever I did, and I find it just as easy to finish a book as to begin one.” The roll of thelr unfinished reading, however, speaks against them. They are following the letter of reading when the spirit-has fled. * % % * Kecping more than one book going | at once need not necessarily have bad effects upon a reader, if he keeps well in mind these inimical factors. It is! gun. Thus, without meaning to, he has three good books in the reading at one and the same time. If all happen to be works of fiction, and the reader has a leaky memory, he may find t he becomes confused in picking up any one of them. He may discover that each one loses something of the nar- ive rush which is the inherent right of every well told story. ‘These are losses which can be offset, of course, by a good memory, and a power which is born with one, that of being able to plunge;immediately into a story again at any time without loss. ‘Those who do not possess this power will be wiser if they stick to one book at & time, before going on to another. * ok ok % The one best way to read two or more books safely at once is to banish from one’s life the old fallacy about :::gstng every word of a book that one ‘There is nothing that makes reading & bore like the feeling that one must read every word whether it Interests him or not. This method is taught chil- dren, in order to train them to disa- greeable tasks, but when one grows up he is supposed to put away childisn things. One of the most tyrannical things is this teacher-imposed habit. Thousands of men and women take most of the joy out of reading for themselves by tire- somely beginning & book at the first word and personally inspecting every single word that comes between it and “The End.” All this is unnecessary. ‘The ~njoy- able type of reading is that whica rather skims through a book, for it is not separate words which matter, in any t) book, but rather the total ef- fect which comes from the combination of those words. A dictionary contains all the words there are, but it takes a writer to put them together so that they mean some- thing, so that they inspire thrill, inter- est, call pictures into being, making the dead live again. 3 The happy thing is that it takes a reader, too. It was Walt Whitman who first called for great readers. He wino loves hooks and reads them with happy interest may set up a claim to being a great reader. To read a book doggedly, deter- minedly, is less than to read it, happily, completely. There is a completeness which reads whole paragraphs or even pages at a gulp, not exactly missing words, but not being bound down by them, either. He who reads fast has a better chance to come out even in his race with half a dozen books than the fretful, con- scientfous man who will not willingly miss a word lest he condemn himself to_some obscure literary hell. ‘Whether it is right or wrong to read more than one book at a time depends, in the last analysis. upon the reader in the case. He is both the judge of books and reading—and himself. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS The demand of organized labor for enactment of a Federal anti-injunction bill is to be pressed with renewed en- ergy as soon as the regular session of Congress starts in December. ‘It bids fair to be the issue upon which Labor with a capital L and Capital with a capital C will come to grips in a titanic struggle. It is an issue which does not. seem to admit of compromise. The Shipstead anti-injunction of the last, session redrafted by Messrs. Norris of Nebraska, Walsh of Montana and Blaine of Wisconsin, as a subcommit- tee of the Senate judiciary committee, “framed to give labor what it wanted in a constitutional way,” has now been subjceted to further emendation and Tevision by the legal talent of the American Federation of Labor. and in this final and perfected form has been approved by the executive council of the federation a meeting a week ago, and laid down as its flat on th{ll l‘lm It mh"r;d%l; 1 safegua for “ C s yorganization—or _other concerted ’el!fla‘u—m for the purpose of collective bargal g aid of protection,” to quote its preamble. Whatever may be sald for the objective, employers of labor view with alarm— which is & mild description of their feelings—the full sweep of freedom of action and immunity from legal barrier or legal redress which this measure would confer m; tl:elr. El:lploye!. bill in its “per- 5 ction The anti-injunctio o etined ected form” as stamped a :’; ttge merican Federation of Labor contains a long list of things which employes are authorized to do. either singly or in concert, without ‘becoming subject to & charge of violation of law. These include of the things “which a labor union is for,” including striking, picketing and boycott. As for possible illegal acts, over and ‘beyond organizations are exempted from any responsibility for the unlawful acts of their members, unless. it be proved that the orghnization specifically authorized . 'In other words & union is not le in court for rioting vol 5 riot. may | ml.n:ed a hearing in which the de- fendants are present and privileged to ne—and in any event a tem- porary injunction is limited to five days's period. Trials for contempt must be . Rest ing orders or m}’:fit: j“wr{nch contravene the terms ion: of the bill are “declared to be null and vold.” i No tem] without * kX ¥ Senator Borah again returns deeply cherished desire—United to his States Tecognition ,of Soviet Russia. He ! | many is indicated by the recent circul small has - become - of Crimson |sian and refined that we changed the name | F- of the place to ‘Pink Cranny.’” ' “The wisdom of our ancestors,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is, after Pirst came the word that|! t its Atlantic City Wi not fail to mote the spread of the fashion of having public men accom- panied by their wives on all their tours and travels. Such a fashion was unheard of in the Roosevelt era of 3 decade ago. The furore occasioned by ‘Woodrow Wilson's decision' to take Mrs. Wilson with him to Paris in 1919, is still vividly recalled. Nowadays, how- ever, it is S0 customary as to pass with- out comment. Even British conserva- tism yields to this fashion. The close companionship and the invariable ac- companiment of Lloyd George by his daughter, Megan, is one case in point. Now we are told that the charm- ing daughter of Premier Ramsay Mac- Donald is to come to America with her ther in his journey to talk over dis- armament with President Hoover. * ok kX Senator Clarence (Radio) Dill of ashington has not abandoned hope of securing a radio census as a feature of the regular 1930 decennial census taking. A provision for a tabulation of radio sets owned and operated throughout the land was knocked out of the census bill when Congress finally passed it last Spring. Senator Dill will offer Senate legislation for this purpose early in t new session. He finds much backing for his contention that accurate information as to the distribu- tion of radio receivers now in use, and whether crystal or tube sets, and early or late models, will be of inestimable value, not only to the radio industry and the broadcasters, but to the Federal Radio Commission as well. The latter will then have concrete figures to aid in its determination of the relative density and range of the radio audience of different zones and areas. * ok ok X Another member of the famous Long- worth family of whom Washington does not so often hear is Alice Longworth's sister-in-law, Ciara Longworth de Chambrun, married to a French gen- eral, who commands the garrison in Prench Morocco. At the moment Sis- ter Clara is visiting the Longworth tamily homestead at Cincinnati, and the old established New York publishing house of Appleton is bringing out her new novel, “‘His Wife's Romance,” in which the scenes are divided between Paris and Morocco. Mme. de Cham- brun has assured her- friends that though +her personal experiences’ and wide acquaintance, supplied the ma- terial for her story, none of the char- acters are actual persons—but rather com) creations of her own.pen. R (Copyright, 1929.) Factory Distribuites - - Poison Gas Samples BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. . ‘That interest in poison in war has by no means ceased in Gez- sets of poison gas . | for | of a problem for the Re Politics at Large By .G. Gould Lincoln. Coincidental reports from New York and Maryland indicate that Gov. Frank- lin D. Roosevelt is to be renominated by the Democrats of the Empire State and that Gov. Albert C. Ritchie ma; be retired to private life, after he shall have completed the term which he is now serving—his third as Governor of Maryland. While neither of these Democratic governors has made known his plans for the future, it is lexfectell confidently by Gov. Roose- velt’s friends that he will stand for re- nomination, and some of them expect to see him the standard bearer of the party in 1932. In Maryland, however, a proposal has been_ advanced to noi nate David G. McIntosh, jr., president of the State Senate, for governor, to run in the campaign of 1930. The party leaders of Baltimore County, the largest in the State, have indorsed the proposal to nominate McIntosh. If.the Dcmo- j crats of Maryland retire Gov. Ritchie from the position he now holds, he may drop out of the picture as a presidential candidate in 1932. In 1924 the Mary- land Democrats put their governor fo: ward seriously for the nomination at the Madison Square Garden convention. It was their hope that he would be the | compromise nominee for President, after William Gibbs McAdoo had been elim- inated. Last year Gov. Ritchie aban- doned any personal ambition he may have had to head the Democratic ticket and gave his support to Alired E. Smith, both for the nomination and for clec- tion. Smith, having been defeated, might be expected to throw his support in 1932 to Gov. Ritchie, it has been sug- gested. Ritchie is as strongly opposed to national prohibition as 1s Al Smith. He taken an even mere radical ctand against it. It is certamn that the nomination of Ritchie for the presi- dency would alienate many éry Demo- crats in 1932. But, on the other hand, the wets in the Farty. and there is a great number of them, belicve thas sooner or later prohibition wiil be over- thrown and that their position is be. coming stronger all the :ime. The nomination of Ritchie, while it would continue the division in the Democratic ranks over the wet and dry question, would not throw into the campaign cf 1932 the religious issue, which cut strongly and both ways in the campaign of 1928. The nominations for Governor of Maryland are not made until next year. Gov. figure in Democratic politics State: for more than a decade. He is strongly-intrenched even though he has made . some enemies. Should he de- termine’ to seek renomination and re- election, he would be in a position to ake {rouble for any other candidate vho opposed him. If he wishes to be- come a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination, he may seek renomination as governor. But even though he stepped aside in favor of Melntosh or another Democrat next year, and re-cntered private life, Gov. Ritchie might still be a contender for the Democratic nomination. In politics as in other affairs, once a man has gone out of office, it is difficult to bring him back and to elect him again to public office. Gov. Ritchie may have ambi- tions to go to the United States Senate. But in that event he would have to wait, in all probability, until the cam- paign of 1934. Senator Goldsborough, the Republican Senator from Maryland, was elected only last year and he does not come up for re-election for another five years. Senator Tydings, Maryland's Democratic Senator, must stand for re- election in 1932, but it is unlikely that Gov. Ritchie will undertake to displace Senator Tydings as things now stand. Rumors have been circulated in New York State recently that Gov. velt might not seck renomination next year because of his health. These rumors are now flatly denied by some of the governor's closest friends. They say that his health is constantly im- proving and cite his recent long trip to Inspect State institutions,” which car- ried him 5,500 miles about the State. The governor, they say, showed greater endurance than other members of his party on this long trip. They insist, too, that Roosevelt growing _in strength throughout the State. The talk of a rift between Gov. Roosevelt and Lieut. Gov. Lehman and the pos- sibility that Lehman may seek to sup- plant Roosevelt is_discounted by the Roosevelt people. They say that the governor and lieutenant governor are working harmoniously and that they will head the State ticket a year hence. Gov. Roosevelt is keeping quiet about his plans, both for 1930 and 1932. It is quite clear that in order to figure in the presidential race in 1932 the gov- ernor must win the gubcrnatorial elec- tion in 1930, and it would be idle to talk of running for the Democratic nomination for President until that hurdle has been leaped successfully. Doubtless much will depend upon Gov. Roosevelt's health. When he agreed to become the Democratic candidate for governor last year, it was over his own earnest protest and only to help strengthen the Democratic national ticket in New York State. While Roose- velt was elected governor, his friend, Al Smith, failed to carry the State against Hoover. This was a bitter blow | to the New York supporters of Smith. It will be used as an argument against Smith's nomination for the presidency in 1932 perhaps just as often as the failure of Smith to carry Florida, North Carolina, Texas and Virginia. More and more it looks as though the Republican party in Massachusetts would have to “fish or cut bait” in con- nection with the prohibition issue. The Republicans are coming around to this view. It is said that in all probability next year the issue will be called to the attention of the Repub- lican State convention by a resolution calling for strict enforcement of the dry Jaws and upholding the eightegnth amendment. Unless the political ob- servers are sadly at fault, a consiter- able majority of the Republican voters of the State are “dry.” It follows that the State convention, if it tacklés this question, will adopt such a resolution as that already mentioned. If it does, Louis K. Liggett, the Republican na- \tional committeeman for MasSachusetts, 'may be compelled to step out of office. Mr. Liggett’s recent Fall River specch, in which he said he believed any man was entitled to take a drink if he could get it, continues to be widely discussed in the State. So far, however, despite the demand of former Gov. Alvan T. Fuller, Mr. Liggett has given no indi- cation that he proposes tq resign his job as national committeeman. How- ever, there h‘n: En % discussion of & successor 3 ‘The sug- gestion has been made that # he steps out Fuller might be appointed in place, but 'that is considered unlikely, because Fuller would not care for the job and because_the organieation has been’ opposed to Fuller in the past. Mr. Fuller continues to something iblican poli- he will Tun This would consecutive term in his ticians, He has indicate the Senate next year. * | not please many of the'regulars. They i ‘ Ea i§§ g HE ut e I : | | ¥ 1 £ H i F would prefer to see him appolnted to a diplomatic post abroad. But the shadow of the Sacco-Vanzetti case will Ritchie has been a dominant | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. you. They have access Government departments, the 1 % museums, galleries and public build- ings and to the numerous associations which maintain headquarters in the mm‘n": c,mm. nflu"h" can be of ce ‘o you, write your tion plainly and send with 2 cenuql‘:luwin tar In- ation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. Can people cross the Panama cmuMZone by automobile in comfort? A. The American Automobile As- sociation says that it is not advisable to travel through the Panama Canal Zone in a private car. There are neither gas nor service stations and the are not Q. How is the number of grizzly bears found in a State known?—A. H. P. A. The Forest Service says that in determining the number of grizzly bears found in a State, estimates are taken by the people living there who have a general knowledge of the animal. Q. What Is the meaning of the Indian ‘WOT' “Gitchie Manitou”?—C. A. P. A. They mean Great Spirit. Q. Will persons who entered the country without permission about six years ago be deported if they are report- ed>—H. A. M. A. Pedple who entered the country illegally before July 1, 1924, will not be deported, though they cannot become gmlzg:;rls unless they entered before June Q. What airship was the first to make a non-stop flight from Europe to North America?—D. J. B. A. The Bremen is the first airship to make a non-stop flight from Europe to North America. It took off from the airport at Dublin, Ireland, and flew across the Atlantic to Newfoundland, the Strait of Belle Isle, after a contin- uous fiight of 36 hours and 35 minutes. | Q. How much money is deposited in | postal savings?—S. D, A. Postal savings deposits amount to | | almost $160,000,000. Q. Is the Army pigeon, President | Wilson, still living?—S. E. L. A. The veteran Army pigeon, Presi- dent Wilson, one of the several famed “hero pigeons” of the World War, died | recently at the Signal Corps lofts, Fort | Monmouth, N. J. This pigeon, a native of France, was over 11 years eld. Early in 1918 he was used by the Tank Corps and following the St. Mihiel operation he was used in the Meuse-Argonne offensive. Q. When did Hawaii become part of the United States?—T. C. A. The Hawailan Islands were for- | mally annexed August 12, 1898. On | June 14, 1900, Hawail was organized as a Territory and a Territorial gov- ernor was appointed. Q. I have a table which I have been told is teak, but it is light brown. Is wrfic gugmod brown and some black? A." The natural color of unfinished teak is light, golden brown, but when and came to a forced landing at Green- | ly Island, off the coast of Labrador, in | comes somewhat richer and darker (a medium to exposed to will take on a light or ashy gray appearance, but if the sur- face is dressed off, the wood immediately below the surface has the same light, golden-brown apj ice as it would have hg ;lflmul the exposure. m seems a _popular conception teak is a dark or a black wood and manufacturers of furniture, and nov- clties seem to find it desirable to y up to this popular idea. In fact, there is a certain amount of reason for this. Neither in grain nor in color is teak a particularly beautiful wood, but it is one of the principal species in com- merce because of certain properties which make it particularly suited for certain purposes. Q. What is meant by an astronomical unit?—M. A. A. The astromical unit is 92,900,000 miles, or the mean distance from the earth to the sun. It is used in as- tronomy as a measurement of distance. Q. Why did the seed-sower of the ancient Greeks leap into the air as he sowed?—E. R. A. It is said that the early Greeks believed that thus the height of the grain could be influenced. Q. Who was the last survivor of the Boston_Tea Party?—M. C. A. George Robert Twelves Hewes. Q. What is the Catholic Boys’ Bri- gaac?—G. T. A. The Catholic Boys' Brigade of the United States is a Nationwide union of individual branches guided by national and regional headquarters in doing preventive work among all types of boys by means of organized recreation and modern social work. Its organization is semi-military, but | not militaristic. Its recreational and social meetings are not religious and are open to all boys without distinc- tion as to creed or color. Although operated by Catholics, according to its own principles, it is not sectarian in its social worl Q. Are more people reading books an there were a few years ago?— teak for some time | th A. B. L. A. The National Association of Book Publishers says that Americans are bccoming more book-conscious. Many libraries report great increascs in the circulation of their books: the | totals of new titles and new editions roze from 6187 in 1920 to 8,899 in 1927; new bookshops rose from 32 in 1919 to 206 in 1927. Q. Has tapioca any value other than as a food?—S. A. L. A. The dextrin made from tapioca is used in the better grade of glue. The Government specifications require that this dextrin be the base of the sticking fluid used- on postage stamps. Q. How many hours’ sleep & day hsuldz- child of 2 years have?— A. A folder from the Children’s Bu- reau says that children from 2 to 5 years of age should have at least 14 hours’ sleep out of the 24 hours. . How many prisoners are there at Leavenworth?—N. E. A. On July 21, there were 3,777, What with arrivals, discharges and finished with varnish the color be- paroles, the number is ever-changing. Cleveland's decision by a majority of 3,000 votes to retain the city-manager |form of government is hailed by the press of the country as a decisive vic-| Tory of good government. It was the third time in two ycars that the at- tempt has been made in the Ohio city to return to the old form of govern- ment, and again the civic organizations won, with notable support from woman voters. “Remarkable” is the term employed by the Dayton Daily News in describing the result, as it remarks that “‘nowhere, not even in -boss-ridden Cincinnati, have the political middlemen died so hard.” The Daily News finds a lesson in the election: “Fighting off success- fully its political parasites, Cleveland sets an example to the other cities of the country Its fight isy of course, only half a victory. Cleveland has made some serious mistakes in selecting its councilmen. No form of government automatically produces good results: a good form only opens the way. The next big job for Cleveland is the elec- of it.” “The campaign has been waged on the usual grounds,” says the Utica Ob- server-Dispatch. “Ward heelers and political grafters generally, members of both of the dominant parties, were movers in the effort to secure a favor- able vote for return of the old plan. They struck hands, pooled their issues, brought together both organizations, raised funds through eontributions from aspiring job seekers, made all manner of promises to followers in the under- world, rallied dive keepers and pro- prietors, inmates and patrons of speax- easies and disreputable resorts, and worked like twins in the one single; thought to_get 3 municipality again in their own hands.” * ok R K «While politicians desiring to get con- trol of the city made the most of their case, the voters were not fo be bam- boozled,” declares the Topeka Daily Capital, while Buffalo Evening News comments: “That the new order has not accomplished all that was ex- of it is attested by the scandals that have developed under it. How- ever. there must be much more to its credit than to its discredit. Other- wise the people would not again have voted to retain it. They will have op- portunity in November to correct con- ditions, for there is to be another elec- tion of councilmen. 1f they defeat thc political bosses again on that occasion, the experiment should go on ‘under much more fayorable conditions. # “It is probably an excellent thing, in the opinion of the Norfolk Ledger- Dispatch, “that ‘the foes of the city- manager plan continue their assaults upon it. For these very onslaughts force and will coptinue to force people to bend every energy to the per- n of this modern method of gov- ernment, a work that they should pur- sue through all time, for in no other way will complete success be achieved and in no other way will this govern- ment be safe from the forces of reac- tion, which often nod but never really sleep.” “Proof of the pudding, proverbially, is in the eating,” remarks the Philadel- Bulletin, 3l has phia Evening governor and the Democracy of the State, which has its factional troubles, wmfldbewlggomtmmvut&n- ator Tyson. e Senate has never had a woman in its ranks except for a few hours, when the honor was conferred upon a Georgia woman by former Gov. Hardwick. Senator George was elected fill the vacancy. As & matter of she was permitted to sit in for a few hours. Good Government Victory In Cleveland Election Results tion in November of a council worthy |ba: the | peopl Seen had fair opportunity in six years of actual experience to determine what the city-manager plan is like, finds it satisfactory and continues to show & majority for it. Presumably the oppo- nents of the plan are skilled in the ways and means of getting out the vote and the maximum result of their ef- forts is in itself a credential for the new system.” * K % % “The significant thing was that most of the independent element, while con- | ceding faults in the operation of the | plan, were not ready to give it up.” according to the Pittsburgh Post-Ga- zette, while the Youngstown Vindicator (holds that “the result ought to make an end of partisan. movements for con- trol of the city and direct the attention of all to the big problems ahead which should be wisely solved.” The Trenton Evening Times avers that the victory “means that voters who have had a good sample of decency and honesty in the administration of local affairs are not likely to smile upon the redited political fmfluencfi wlmm have been the of munic vernment in America.” N “Apparently Cleveland is still weigh- ing the city-manager plan in the bal- ance, and, remembering past years, is inclined to conmtinue the trial, rather than return to: the mayor-and-large- council organization,” concludes the De- troit News. The Scranton Times points out that “again women were leaders in the fight,” and records that “an attempt had been made to use the fact that during the past year several mem- bers of the council had been arrested and jailed, against the city-manager government, although nothing was de- veloped to ‘show* that the city manager was in any way involved, or the form of government responsible.” * % “It appears,” according to the Toledo Blade, “that the real strength of the Cleveland charter is its city-manager provision, and that its most lamentable weakness is its complication with pro- portional representation, under which the good people of some parts of the city have been.so criminally misrepre- sented.” The New Orleans Times-Pica- yune notes that “supporters of the new regime charge that the troubles which its’ foes have exploited in their efforts to abolish the new system are due chiefly to the ‘hang-overs’ from the former regime.” m:ilrno‘u‘: éznz run, :he citizens make vernment,” says the Butte Daily Post, adding that o govern- ment depends on_good citizens.” The Newark Evening News agrees that “it is men that count” and the Kansas : City Times thinks that “it is clear that Cleveland believes it has an instrument of government that can be turned to effective account in the interests of the e Although the Cleveland Plain Deal supported the charter in the umblll:lr, It concedes that it has defects, adding, ‘Nor can any one be indifferent to signs of public dissatisfaction with some E‘ its provisions.” That paper adds that amendment should come ffom eiends ent should come of the plan.” il Speaks From Experience. From the Florence (Als.) Herald. An expert asserts that one ma: come intoxicated on water. Oul be- 12-mile limit? e e Make Penalty Fit Crime. Prom the San Antonio Evening News. to go on put ’em in cooler. Difference in Quality.