Evening Star Newspaper, January 6, 1929, Page 30

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BUNDAY........January 6, 1929 THEODORZ W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 13th St. and Pennsylvanis Ave. New York Office: 110 East 2nd Chicago Office: Tower Building. Burope: Office: 14 t St.. London, an Regen Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Fveniue Star... 45¢ per month l‘lnlng and Sun r (when 4 Sunda: 60c per month | ‘The Evening and (when Sunda: TR e s Orders may be sent in by mall cr telephoné Main 5000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dally and Sunday Daily only Sunday onl: All Other States and Canada. I 4 day. .1 12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 g::x; only spectan ¥1500: 1 o 78 Sunday only 21 yr. §5.00: 1 mo. 50c Member of the Associated Press. “The Associated Press is exclusively (ntitled Yo tive s ot RepuBTICALION Of All Rowe dis- d i this paper and published herein. All ri special dispatcnes herein ere also reserved. —_— Friends From Out of Town. ‘Washington owes much to its friends from out of town. Frederic A. Delano, the distinguished president of the American Civic Assoclation, has re- counted the activities of three native sons of Michigan in Capital building. And those of whom he spoke—the late Senator James McMillan, Charles Moore and ‘Representative Cramton—are hon- ored indeed by thus being placed upon a list of friends of Washington from out of town—a list that begins with lhel names of George Washington of Moun Vernon, Pierre L'Enfent of France, | Thomas Jefferson of Monticello, and! which has lengthened with each suc- ceeding generation of famous men from every part of the Union. The community of Washington, politically impotent, taxed without the reciprocal right to say how much, what for, or how, has watched fhese friends from out of town come and go and has| relied upon them as the men who bear the grave responsibility of building the American Capital. As a silent partner # the task, the community of Washing- ton has steadfastly pressed, with its friends from out of town, for those things necessary to insure the develop- ment of the Federal City as the Federal City, and not, merely, as the home of the copmunity. Thirty years ago, when railroad tracks cluttered the Mall, the community of Washington was leading in the fight that eventually removed them. Thirty years ago, before there was a Potomac Park, the community of Washington was envisioning the time, and pleading with its friends from out of town to hasten the time, when the Mall, con- necting with the future Potomac Park, would form the extensive and important @ part of the park area that it is today. Thirty years ago, when Potomac Park was an undeveloped marsh, when the railroads, with congressional acqules- cence, had apparently ruined the old city Mall, when the Long Bridge dam menaced the city at flood time, when Rock Creek Park was a wilderness and a trip north of U street was an excur- sion into the hinterland, the community of Washington was pointing ahead to the day when Rock Creek Park would connect with Potomac Park, when a boulevard drive would circle the city on the north from Rock Creek Park to Soldiers’ ‘Home, When a memorial bridge across the Potomac to Arlington would be “rounded out” by & boulevard to Mount Vernon and when Anacostia Park, “capable of develop- ment.” would be extended into Maryland. Thirty years ago, when the old cen- tury of neglect of the Capital was dying, and a new century of promise wasi dawning, the Board of Trade in its| annual report for 1899, closed with the | “Let us of the Washington of | in building up the Nation’s city | of the second century of its life, emulate | the breadth and boldness in design and | the vigor in execution which were dis- played at the end of the last century and in 1800 by the founders of the| Capital” And a year later the Board | of Trade foreshadowed in resolutions the subsequent creation of the McMillan Park Commission, which, with its suc- cessors, has done such effective work. | The community of Washington has| seen old plans brought to realization. | It has seen old plans recreated as new plans. It has seen old plans open new | vistas of opportunity in future planning. | ‘Working hand-in-hand with its friends | from out of town, the community has| often used in art. THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON. JAXUARY 6. 1929—PART 2. mand during the remainder of the present short session of Congress. ‘The great farm States of the West gave thelr electoral votes to President- elect Hoover with the feeling that Mr. Hoover is the man to handle this im- portant matter of farm legislation. It remains now for the leaders to deter- mine whether the pledges given during the campaign are to be carried out to the full, or whether a bill is to be hustled through in the time intervening before March 4. The President-elect himself promised during the campaign that he would call a special session to deal with the farm problem, provided it were not cared for by the present session of Congress. There are Republicans of % | prominence who urge that a special sesslon should be avoided at all costs; that a new President should not be “embarrassed” by having Congress on his hands almost immediately after he has entered the White House. This may be good politics from their poiat of view. But it is a question whether it will be good politics from the point of view of the election of a Republican Congress in 1930, with the campaign due to begin a little more than a year hence. Senator Jones has issued a statement in which he asks for a special session not alone for the consideration of a farm bill, but for the revision of the tariff. He argues that the tariff law must be amended if the farmer is to have real relief. ‘This was the attitude taken by Mr. Hobver himself during the campalgn. It was the argument used by Senator Borah and others who cam- palgned vigorously for the President- elect. It is quite clear that nothing can be done about the tariff in the pres- ent session, even if a farm bill were squeezed through at the last moment. ‘The Senator from Washington looks, 100, to the politics of the situation. He | 1s anxious to have a tariff bill enacted sufficlently early not to affect adversely the elections of the House and the Senate in 1930. He recalls that tarift bills put through in the past have some- times had disastrous results upon the party sponsoring them at the next elec- tions. This was the case after the pas- sage of the McKinley tariff act years ago, when the Democrats won the House following the enactment of the McKinley bill into law. ) Mr. Hoover Comes Home. When a man has pitched his tent for mearly twelve years in succession in the same community, that place of abode may fairly claim to be his home town. Firmly holding to that view in the President-elect’s case, Wash- ington cordially welcomes Mr. and Mrs, Hoover back home today. They left the District of Columbia two brief months ago as private citi- zens. They return in that nominal capacity, but actually in far more ex- alted roles—those of the chosen Chief Magistrate of the Republic and the First Lady of the Land. They come burdened with other laurels of even more recent origin. The U. 8. 8. Utah will Jand them in Hampton Roads be- fore sundown after as memorable a Jjourney across the seas as an American President-elect—or President, for that matter—ever undertook. ‘Within six or seven necessarily hur- ried weeks Mr. Hoover probably ac- complished more genuine good for the cause of pan-American friendship than reams of diplomatic correspondence, or even pan-American conferences. The very unofficialism of the contacts the President-elect was able to establish made for the success of his mission. Everywhere he preached the doctrine of neighborliness and of the interdepen- dence of the twenty-one Americas. He stressed their “economic mutuality.” He acquired the Latin’s point of view at first hand. He was able, with cor- responding directness, to portray the viewpoint of the United States. Unquestionably the further cement- ing of pan-American relations is des- tined to be one of the paramount policies of the Hoover administration. A splendid foundation has been laid for it. ‘Washington would bid a hearty wel- come to the incoming Chief Engineer in any event. Its greeting is all the more cordial because couched in terms of grateful appreciation of his Latin American expedition and the fruits it is bound to bear. Mr. Hoover faces the strenuous life. ‘The next two months will be a period of trials and tribulations for him. It always is for Presidents-elect. The Grand Army of Place Hunters looks after that. The National Capital trusts that Mr. Hoover comes home, a giant refreshed, ready to meet in good humor and rugged spirit the vicissitudes of the pre-inaugural ers. B “Bilateral symmetry” is an art phrase Senators Borah and paid its just share, doubly participating | Reed are endeavoring to attain it in in the building of the Federal City, once as a community located within the| Federal City, again as a community of Americans paying Federal taxes. Today, as always, the community of ‘Washington stands ready to join its friends from out of town in carrying to completion new plans. friends to keep before them the vision of the Capital of the future; a Capital symbolizing by its gentle beauty and debate, as a preface to multilateral understanding. ot Trying to Prove the Impossible. There are even posthumous fakers, on whose behalf deluded friends or in- { . A fine S0y Catiens | terested people labor after death. e example of this is “Curley,” that Crow Indian scout who lived until 1923 and, joyed the co-operation of every possible official agency. His book contains a glowing “Foreword” by Gen. Edgerly, a Seventh Cavalry officer, who fought in that battle. Here it may be mentioned that there were hundreds of survivors of the engagement, although none of the immediate squadron led by Custer. As the former have died from time to time, this situation has given rise to much confusion in the press. Col. Graham states definitely: “Some were never accounted for, but from that day to this not a trace of a single survivor has ever been found. They were utterly exterminated. It was long believed that Curley escaped in disguise, but his story has been completely discred- ited by the other Crow scouts who were his companions that day.” Another close student of this en- counter is E. A. Brininstool, frontiers- man, author of “A Trooper With Custer.” His little volume is filled with personal reminiscences of genuine sur- vivors of other parts of the scattered battle. An entire chapter is devoted to the question, “Was there a Custer Survivor?” “None,” he declares, “have been able to prove their claim, and Curley's is absurd. His getaway was obviously made before the actual fight- ing began.” In the very latest work on this heroic tragedy, “Custer, Last of the Cavaliers,” published only a month or two ago, Frazier Hunt, its author, does not even dignify Curley's or any other claim by mentioning them. He simply states categorically that but one living thing escaped from that par- ticular fleld, namely, Keogh’s wounded horse. Rumors and claims like this die hard. Thermopylae spared one man, and the thought that one man witnessed the terrible final of 1876 and lived to tell the tale has always been an entrancing one. Curley, 8 member of a race that was excellent in histrionies, specialized in boasting and loved the limelight, is dead, and his impossible boast should also receive permanent burial. —_———— American finance recognizes values, whatever be the character of the mer- chandise. After a purchase here of many shares of British Henry Ford stock, a transaction in art is recorded which brings to these shores Raphael’s “Cowper Madonna,” from Sir Charles Duveen’s gallery, price a million dollars. —_————— Padlocking night clubs in New York has, so far, resulted in little more than moving them around the gay districts so that different landlords may have chances to collect the extortionate rentals. Big donations to educational institu- tlons represent an experiment in crop rotation beyond anything of which Bur- bank ever dreamed. Brains make great fortunes and fortunes produce bigger and better brains. B Obviously there is no excuse for de- liberate suicide. Any one really wish- ing to quit this life has only to select a crowded crossing and persist in jay- walking. e “There would be little doubt about the stability of the Monroe Doctrine if the brevity of human life did not prevent James Monroe from being on hand to speak for himself. Fame does not necessarily imply ad- mirable distinction. The influenza germ is just now the most discussed creature in the entire animal kingdom. ‘The airship that can go high and re- main up for & long time shares public admiration with the prices on the New York Stock Exchange. - B 8o far as solving some aviation prob- lems is concerned, the Question Mark is its own answer. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Standardization. It leaves us just a bit surprised To see how we've been standardized! A human being all serene, | In comfort runs like a machine, He hits the time clock morn and night To show that he is working right. The hands, the heads and even hearts May be replaced like motor parts, And 50, no matter what is gone, The big machine goes whistling on. The individual is content ‘To know how each force shall be spent; In bliss our lives we've analyzed Since we have all been standardized. Sarcastic. “Your oratorical friend appears to have exhausted his subject.” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum, “and his audience also.” Jud Tunkins says it's wrong to gamble, but there’s no use at all in trying to persuade a recent winner to ‘ repent. A Large Order. A multitude of pines are growing fast, A traveler in the wintry landscape sees, although completely discredited by whites and redskins alike, persisted in the dignity of its grandeur the spiritual aspirations of a great people. It asks them to look upon the community of Washington as an average American community of half a million inhabitants, paying fair taxes to maintain their municipal establishment. And it asks them to look upon Washington, with the magnificent plans for its develop- ment, as the Capital City of a great Nation e e Modern methods of generating power make oil and water leading commercial considerations. Ce—— A Special Session. Another champion of the plan for a special session of the new Congress, to consider farm legislation and tariff revision, has come forward—Senator ‘Wesley L. Jones of Washington. Sena- tor Jones is the Republican whip of the Senate and probably the next assistant leader of that body. He has ranged himself squarely with Senator Borah of Idaho and other members of the Senate who take the position that the promises made by the Republicans during the recent campaign for adequate farm relief legislation must not be dodged, ! but that the question must be given the full consideration which it is becoming claiming that he escaped alive from the catastrophe which wiped out the imme- diate command of Gen. George A. Cus- ter at the Battle of the Little Big Horn. Now a dispatch from Lawton, Okla., re- lates that a plainsman named Rush, superintendent of a game preserve, is seeking “Mrs. Curley” in order to obtain from her a mysterious, oilskin-wrapped packet which he once saw years ago and which will reveal precisely how Custer died, thereby proving that the Crow stayed all through the fight and got away alive later. That great tragedy in the annals of American arms has always been of par- ticular appeal in that no human being and but one horse, “Comanche,” ridden by Capt. Keogh, escaped the scene of Custer’s last stand. The fight was scarcely over when numerous claimants appeared and tried to prove that they were there and got away. Most of these claims were at once utterly squashed Curley’s claim persisted longer than any of the others, and even now, fifty- two years after the fight, it crops up occasionally, sponsored by some de- luded person. The most authoritative, the most painstaking work on this battle was written a year or two ago by Lieut. Col. W. A. Graham, U. S. A. This offi- And wonders if there’ll be, as in the past, Children to fit so many Christmas trees. No Ace for Her. “Would you marry an aviator?” “No,” declared Miss Cayenne, “do- mestic tiffs occur in all married lives. What chance would a woman have with a man who could leave home any moment at the rate of a hundred miles an hour?” 1 “Famous men,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “are remembered by holidays long after their teachings and examples are forgotten.” No Further Backsliding. Perhaps he was erratic In his New Year contributions. He resolved in terms emphatic To make no more resolutions. “Dar is a general movement,” sald Uncle Eben, shut down on social recognition foh a man out dis way dat didn’t give his wife nuffin’ foh Christ- mas ‘cept a new washboard.” —op—o— Conservative? Not Those We Got From the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. All is reported quiet in Afghanistan. The conservative tone of the Christmas neckties may have exerted a calming amere and maore ohvicus it cannot com- cer devoted years to his task and en- eflccy “He was not that Light, but was sent to be a witness of that Light” (St. John, i.8). “Inspiration.” What is inspiration? There are doubtless a thousand answers of this pregnant query, but this one will suffice {for us: A life consciously invested | with authority, with the power to ar- ticulate it. A supreme exemplar of | this is John the Forerunner. He is alto- | gether the most striking and picturesque character whose brief biography is recorded in the New Testament. He | was not 2 man of unusual attainments, and there was little about his person that would prove appealing. His genius lies not so much in what he himself was as in what he represented. When he was asked the question, “Who art thou?” he answered, “I am the voice of One.” He was the living exemplar of a per- sonality. It was not his own genius but rather the genius of another whose transcendent splendor he sought to re- flect that constituted the secret of his power and influence. The whole source of his fascinating and irresistible life re- sides in _the fact that he reflected the power of another. It is remarkable when we come to study the genius of men who have ex- ercised a wide influence in their life- time how we again and again discover that it was the emulation of virtues they had caught from some other and commanding personality that consti~ tuted the real secret of their genius. Few of us can claim to be original; much of what we have of worth that renders us effective is what we may be able to reproduce of the genius of an- other. There are some men and wom- en in the world who are what we might call “range finders.” They mark the way by which we find access to havens of security and peace. By their lives and example they not only teach us how to live, but by their reproduction EVERYDAY RELIGION BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Washington of the life of Jesus Christ, they compel us to seek Him. John was not in himself the Light, but was sent to bear witness of the Light. He was but the reflection of the | splendor and the glory of the tran- scendent light that proceeded from Jesus Christ. The annal of Christian history is but the record of men and women, who, like John, have in them- selves given to thelr generation an ex- emplification of the perfect life of the Master. They have been living epis- tles, “read and known of all men.” We may fail to understand a book, we readily observe and feel the influence of a life. It is a vastly different thing to represent a theory, a practice, a system, or even a creed, from reflecting the power and the glow of a great and divine personality. Every one of us is the witness of something. We can- not pass through life without conscious- Iy coming to be the embodiment of some theory or philosophy. The very mention of some men's names sug- gests immediately that for which they stand. Some witness to the .acquisition of money: some to the accumulation of knowledge in one form or another: some to power and the satisfaction of the things of ambition: some to the ex- pression of the artistic, whether in music, art or literature: we cannot think of such people without immediately ap- praising them for that for which they stand. There are others who immedi- ately suggest to our consciousness the high things of character; they are the embodiments or incarnations of a great personality, Phillips Brooks once said, “Holiness does not make men monoto- nous.” Say what we will, there is a compelling power in the life of one who reflects the beauty and grace of the perfect life of the Son of God that is utterly irresistible. As we enter a new year we can make no better resolve than to seek to emulate the life of Him who sought to interpret to men lh: highest and holiest things of char- acter. BY WILLIAM HARD. Mr. Hoover returns from diplomacy in Latin America tomorrow to face more and deeper diplomacy in Washington. His biggest and most immediate problem here is what to do now about t - sage of a farm bill in this session of Congress or about postponing the pas- sage of that bill in order to call an extra session of Congress mext Spring. ‘The best and most intimate opinion here is that on this problem Mr. Hoover will rise to the height of diplomacy and do nothing. Most of Mr. Hoover's closest friends in Congress want no farm bill under Mr. Coolidge. This is not because of any slightest hostility to Mr. Coolidge. It is only because they calculate that Mr. Hoover, as President, will have to bear the burden of administering the farm bill and that therefore, as Presi- dent, in a special session of Congress, he ought to have a chance to make co-operative suggestions to Congress as visions which the bill must contain, Called “Western Farm-Boy.” Many of the special “friends of the farmer” among the Republicans in the Senate and in the House of Representa- tives have a view which works out to the same result. They garnered votes for Mr. Hoover in the last election by tell- ing their farming constituents that Mr. Hoover was much more “sympathetic” than Mr. Coolidge to the farmers’ “de- mands.” They called Mr. Hoover a “Western farm-boy.” They promised the farmers—so to speak—a “farm-boy farm bill.” They now want to make good on that promise. They there- fore are against a Coolidge bill in this session and in favor of a Hoover bill in an extra session. Thus there are two forces working for an extra session: The force of a certain special _friendship for Mr. Hoover and the force of a certain spe- cial promise made to the aggrieved farmers in the West and Northwest. ‘These two forces meet by a dramatic coincidence in Senator Willlam Edgar Borah of Idaho. He rendered more and greater service to Mr. Hoover in the Jast campaign than any other man in ‘Washington. He has a special friendship for Mr. Hoover and he also has stood forth as a special champion of large and elaborate “relief” for the farmer under Mr. Hoover's presidential sway. He now demands an extra session in unrelenting and uncompromising terms. Logical Candidate. He is at the same time the man whose services most suggest that it is he that is the “logical candidate” for the post of Secretary of State and for the position of primacy in Mr. Hoover's cabinet. Mr. Borah, however, is utterly with- out any itch for cabinet office. He is behaving in a completely characteristic consistent manner. He is a thousand times more interested in an idea, or a theory, or a notion, or a principle, than he is in personal preferment. He is not looking for any “reward” from Mr. Hoover. ~He wants Mr. Hoover to choose the best possible cabinet, irre- spective of past services to him and irrespectiv> of all so-called “paying off of debts.” Far from being a “candi- date” for the office of Secretary of State, Mr. Borah is not even an as- pirant to it. He is seeking not an office or a title, but an effective part 'tn :‘ne pr?lc‘t(gli‘succesl of an adminis- ration which he so greatly h lift into power. BESeLT R It is for this reason that he so strongly underlines and emphasizes his demand for an extra session. He cal- culates that the farmers will respond to a “Hoover farm bill” as they would never respond to a “Coolidge farm bill” and that a new bright legislative page for agriculture would be the best and biggest send-off toward popularity that the Hoover administration could have. In certain quarters Mr. Borah's in- sistence upon an extra session has been interpreted as a sort of “challenge” to Mr. Hoover. In Mr. Borah's own mind it bears no such color at all. Mr. Borah conceives himself to be acting not in dictation to Mr. Hoover, but in mere loyalty and good will to him. Here, then, is a problem in diplomacy which not the whole of Latin America could equal or rival in influence upon Mr. Hoover's fortunes. Coolidge Wants Bill Passed. Mr. Hoover's key friend in Congress— Mr. Borah, on the crest of lhgn\'w:w of his power in the Senate—has set his heart upon postponing the farm bill and upon having an extra session sum- moned into action. On the other hand, Mr. Coolidge, Mr. Hoover’s ex-chief and the present Pretident of the United States, has firmly fixed his ambitions upon ending his administration with farm bill passed and signed. . That is certainly legitimate and laud- able, and Mr. Coolidge has been ex- tremely considerate and accommodat- ing about the details of it. He has been perfectly willing to let the farm bill state that its provisions would not’go into effect until the arrival of some certain date in the Hoover administra- tion. He has been perfectly willing— that is—to defer the naming of all ap- pointees under the bill until Mr. Hoover £hould have come into office. Thus Mr. Hoover, even if the bill should be passed now, would name all' the members of the Federal Farm Board which the bill will create. ‘These concessions by Mr. Coolidge have shown friendly spirit. Mr. Hoover won the presidency as—in large part— “the inheritor of the Coolidge policies.” He i almost equally indebled to the to the complicated and difficult pro- | 1 Hoover Is Between Two Fires On Question of Farm Relief Coolidge tradition and to the Borah support. Mr. Hoover—this writer remarks once more—is singularly susceptible to the sentiment of gratitude. He will go far out of his way to avold wounding either Mr. Coolidge or Mr. Borah. It becomes extremely likely, there- fore, that he will go to Florida with great speed and that his stay in Wash- ington will be as brief and as unas- sertive as he can make it. e Ottawa Conference To Tackle Smuggling BY HARDEN COLFAX. Uncle Sam and his up-and-coming Northern neighbor are scheduled to sit at a council table Monday to analyze a few problems of common interest with the possibility of a revision of the treaty between the United States and Canada being brought forward as a re- sult. Cenada has become the largest con- sumer of United States exports, taking an_amazing variety of raw materials and manufactured products, while this country is not an inconsequental cus- tomer of the progressive Dominionites. Aside from the highly desirable factor of amity between such close neighbors, then, the commercial aspect of the re- lations of the two is important to the entire population of both. Irritations Cause Concern. ‘There are certain irritations, however, which have grown up between Canada and the United States which are caus- ing concern. The United States would be happy to have closer co-operation with the Dominion in enforc! the liquor prohibition laws. Canada is not content with the radio situation on the continent and the situation regarding workers crossing the international line in daily communication between jobs and homes is a sore spot. The conference scheduled to begin at Ottawa Monday is for the purpose of discussing the general subject of com- mercial smuggling. Canada has its own problem of pro- tecting its customs against smuggling from thé United States. Liquor run- ners who take whisky from the Do- minion to this country find it profitable to have a return cargo, and so silks, cigarettes and alcohol, all of which bear high duties under the Canadian tariff, are being smuggled in considerable quantities from the United States, ac- cording to the reports to Canadian offi- cials. It is no jest that some alcohol— no one knows how much—is belnfi, sent from this country, withits prohibition laws, into certain sections of Canada. Being concerned chiefly with the outstanding issue—that of enforce- ment of the prohibition laws in regard to customs regulations—the efforts of the American delegates to the Ottawa conference may be expected to empha- size this subject. Treaty Likely to Be Asked. There are two things the United States officials would like to have Can- ada agree to do by amending the spe- cial treaty of 1925 and other agree- ments. One they most likely will ask— namely, treaty revision by which Can- ada will agree not to issue customs clearance papers for exports of con- traband to the United States. Cuba has such a treaty with this country. Under the present arrangement with Canada, each country notifies the other of clearances of contraband. Canada gets little benefit from this ar- rangement apparently. It does not work satisfactorily for the United States, either, for by the time notice has been received of a clearance of a boatload of liquor by river, for exam- ple, the contraband has been landed, the name of the boat and its master usually being fictitious in the clearance papers. ‘What some of United States officlals would like to have also is a treaty with Canada whereby the latter would grant extradition of its nationals to the United States on charges of conspiracy to violate the Volstead act. Whether this will be asked at the Ottawa con- ference remains to be developed. Dif- ficulties are foreseen in obtaining such an _agreement. ‘The Federal grand jury at Buffalo a few wecks ago returned indictments charging conspiracy in liquor cases against a number of defendants, in- cluding several Canadian distillers and brewers. Some of these latter may never_have been in the United States; the offense charged is conspiracy, which may have been entered into by letter or by telegram or by personal conference on Canadian soil. ~Extradition under ! such conditions is a matter which Can- ada may be expected to approach with some hesitation. Convoyed by Trucks. Time was when much liquor was brought South from Canada in con- voys of motor trucks. Four years ago, this system was so well organized that a syndicate of rum runners had a fund of $75,000 to employ men to clear the roads of snow after a storm. That has been fairly well broken up, however. Most of the liquor from Canada now is landed by boats. The commissioner of prohibtion has stated that seven- eighths of the liquor from Canada en- ters this country through the Detroit gateway—the Detroit and St. Claire Rivers, Lake St. Claire and the nearby ports of Lakes Erie and Huron. The Customs Bureau is active. In connection wtih smuggling at both bor- ders and all ports, there were 28,03Q Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Congressmen and their constituents have ceased to worry about the health menace of service in the legislative chamber, as showing by the death rate in recent years. Preventive methods have been adopted. Not only has the House just been equipped with an elaborate, most modern ventilating sys- tem that washes the air and changes it every few minutes and keeps the humidity at just the right point, but the House members have been provided with a medical adviser, whom they can consult at any hour and who is in constant attendance while Congress is in session. The man selected for this new and important post is a native Washing- tonian, George W. Calver, commander M. 0., U.S. Navy, who is well known in Massachusetts, where he served two tours of duty. Representative John N.Garner, who is to be the most important Demo- crat in the next Congress as minority leader and the ranking Democrat on the ways and means committee and by virtue of that position in charge of all Democratic committee appointments, has moved out of his office in the part of the Capitol which was formerly occupied House physician can have this central location. On all the elevators and otherwise conspicuously placed about the House end of the Capitol are the following notices signed by Comdr. Calver: “WARNING! “For prevention of spread of respira- tory diseases. *“1. Do not use common drinking cups, towels or tableware. “2. Avoid crowded or overheated places. “3. Get plenty of nourishieg food and fresh air. “4, Avoid excessive fatigue. “5. Keep away from.people who are coughing or sneezing. “8. Use a handkerchief if you cough or sneeze, and keep away from other people, “7. Go home, go to bed and call your family physician if you feel chilly or have a fever. Early treatment limits disease. “8. Pneumonia and other serious complications can be avoided by stay- ing in bed after the fever is broken.” As the job of House physician is some- thing brand-new, Comdr. Calver has to build his position from the ground up. His principal job is to prevent members from becoming sick. His office will be open daily for consultations and as a clearing-house of advice. He empha- sizes particularly that he has no in- tention of taking any of the members away from their regular physicians, who irom long attendance must know their physical history and condition better than he can hope to on such short ac- quaintance. * K Kk X ‘The Massachusetts delegation paid a very gracious and well deserved tribute during the holidays to one of the most popular members of the press galleries, William G. Gavin, who has been repre- senting a string of Massachusetts pa- pers for the past eight years and who has been called back to Boston to be city editor of the Boston Herald. The 2 Senators and 16 members of the House from Massachusetts signed a parchment scroll which told in beauti- fully embellished script their apprecia- tion and best wishes. Accompanying this was an elaborate silver service. ‘This testimonial was drafted by Rep- resentative Luce, who is known among his colleagues as “the Scholar,” and reads as follows: “The Senators and Representatives from Massachusetts learn with regret that they are no longer to have the privilege and pleasure of meeting Wil- liam G. Gavin in the course of his search for news to be sent to papers in our Commonwealth. This regret, however, is tempered by the knowledge that he returns to Boston as a step up- ward in his chosen calling and by the confidence that in him we shall have at home a considerate, sympathetic friend. “Diligent, judicious, tactful, he has won our admiration for his work. More than that, by fairness, thoughtfulness, kindness he has won our esteem for him as a man. “We shall miss ‘Bill’ He will take home with him our heart wishes for a long life of health, happiness and use- ful work.” * kX X Representative Charles L. Underhill of Massachusetts, who has been one of the outstanding members of the House District committee, has just taken over one of the most important jobs in the House organization and is relinquish- ing his chairmanship of the claims committee and membership on the House District committee. He has taken active charge as chairman of the com- mittee on accounts and in co-operation with the new House physician is work- ing out some hygiene and sanitation reforms, one of which means the aboli- tion of the lunch counter in the mem- bers’ lounging room just off the House chamber. The committee on accounts is the fis- cal committee of the House and the chairmanship has always been consid~ ered a position of the highest trust. Because of his long service on the House District committee Representa- tive Underhill was in line for the chair- manship. if and when Chairman Zihl- man quits that job. Throughout his activity on the District committee, Mr. Underhill was_actuated by a sincere desire to give Washington the best sible government, and due to his effor ‘many important reforms were placed on the statute books. Consplcuous among these was the workmen’s compensation law, over which a very bitter controver- sy was waged in the House for several years. He also sponsored the legislation which authorized the purchase of the huge triangle south of Pennsylvania avenue, between the Capitol and the ‘Treasury, at a cost not to exceed $25.- 000,000, as a site for new Federal build- ings, and aided in the greater Botanic Garden bills which lead to beautification of the west frontage of the Capitol. He steered successfully through the House the new insurance code for the District of Columbia, which is still pending in the Senate. ‘The contingent fund of the House is absolutely unbprotected except for the chairman of the committee on accounts, and so Mr. Underhill, having already established a standing in this regard, will be known as “the Watchdog of the Treasury.” Every report from this committee is privileged and they sometimes make appropriations of as much as a half million dollars without scrutiny by the appropriations commit- tee or without being subject to veto or_to joint action by the Senate. Representative Underhill will be in charge of providing all traveling ex- penses for his colleagues, all office sup- plies, Including furniture, typewriters, ete.; checking up on all telegrams sent by members or officers of the House, jurisdiction over the funeral expenses of members, with authority over all committee employes and other House employes and their salaries. He will have direct and complete charge of the House Restaurant and its personnel, which does about a million- dollar business a year. It is his job also to take care of the needs of special committees, or, for example, when the ways and means committee is preparing for tariff hear- ings he has to see that they have sup- plies, special and expert help, ete. One of the big changes under the Underhill regime will be to relocate the Speaker's private dining room, which is now small, poorly ventilated and lacking outside exposure. The new Speaker’s dining room will be the spa- cious offices now occupied by Repre- sentative James-T. Begg of Ohlo, who is retiring at the close of the present short session. He also plans for a eteria_or ho] seizures last year, of which 21,005 were in_connection with liquor. Progress toward greater co-operation is expected to come from the Ottawa conference, but the results may not be as fruitful as the most optimistic hope, tor the United States is asking much and has littie to offer in return, (Copyright, 1920 i by the Library of Congress, so that the | ‘ his fur. ! Administerin When Dr. Harvey W. Wiley was fighting to get Congress to pass the pure food and drug act the American people heard a great deal about that | legislation. Many columns were print- ed concerning the picturesque chief of the Bureau of Chemistry's strictures against the adulteration of food. Older | readers will, perhaps, remember the “poison squad,” as it was called, which | Dr. Wiley organized. It consisted of volunteers, employes of the Depart- ment of Agriculture, who agreed to sub- | sist for @ stated period of weeks on | nothing but canned foods of the type from which Dr. Wiley desired to pro- tect the public. The deleterious ef- fects of the diet were made manifest in the health of the members of the poison squad and the experiment help- ed in getting the law passed. But latterly very little is said about | the law, not because it is not working, but because it has become a matter of course. The pure food and drug act | has done wonders in purifying the commercial food supplies of that Na-| jon. E However, eternal vigilance must be maintained by the Federal authorities in charge of enforcement of the law. | It is maintained and the law is a| vigorous, working mechanism of the | Government, constantly giving protec- tlon to American stomachs. Dr. Wiley | himself also is carrying on vigorously. He no longer is chief of the Bureau of Chemistry, but works hard in his private professional capacity and, al-| though he now has attained a great| age, his is a familiar figure about ‘Washington, and his word is law on lll‘ matters of diet and pure food. i ‘To enforce the pure food and drug act. | the Department of Agriculture main- | tains a large staff of inspectors who | constantly are on the alert to detect | adulterated food offered for sale. Lab- oratories are maintained which are al-i ways busily engaged in testing foods and drugs to keep them up to the stand- ards of purity fixed. Of great assistance to these diet policemen are the commercial rom- petitors of manufacturers who seek to sell adulterated commodities. Rival firms test each other's product in their own laboratories and when they find any article of food or any drug adulterated or misbranded they lodge an informa- tion with the food and drug administra- tion of the Department of Agriculture, which immediately proceeds against the offending manufacturer and, if the charges are substantiated, fines are im- posed. | Labels Must Be Truthful. The law goes beyond protection against impure food. If an article of food or drug is misbranded—that is, labeled one thing when it is in fact a substitute—even though the substi- tute may be pure and harmless—never- theless the law has been violated and the offender is liable to court action and fine. ‘When the law was new, convictions under the act received considerable publicity, but latterly such news has be- come too routine to attract newspaper notice. The Department of Agriculture, however, publishes periodically notices of judgment under the act. These are intéresting to the trades involved, but almost never are printed in the daily ress. p'I‘hg last notice of judgments under the act, just published, shows no less than 50 cases. The wide scope of oper- ations is indicated by the variety of products found to be adulterated or mis- branded. The list includes alfalfa meal, apple chops, cookies, Brazil nuts, butter, chocolate coating, canned corn, eggs, cottonseed cake, meal, linseed meal, fig bars, fig paste, figs, tuna fish, olive’ ofl, oranges, scallops, shellfish, tomato pulp, tomatoes and various bakery products. A brief description of typical cases will indicate how the law is being en- forced. An inspector of the food and drug administration discovered 18 cases of canned goods labeled “tuna fish.” They were shipped by a New York im- porter to a Virginia grocer. Acting on information from the Department of Agriculture, the United States attorney g the Food and Drug Act BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. for the western district of Virginia en- tered proceedings looking to the seizure of the goods, for it was discovered that the cans contained not pure tuna fish, but a mixture of tuna fish, yellowtail and bonita. In such cases the action is brought against the article rather than the owner. For example, this case is entitled “United States vs. 18 Cases of Tuna Fish.” As often happens, the case was not defended when it came up in court, so judgment was entered in favor of the United States, the 18 cases were declared forfeited. and the United States marshal was ordered to destroy them. Dried figs are very frequently adul- terated and, in the view of the food and drug administration, dangerously s0. There have been several recent cases. Figs. being of a pulpy consist- ency, lend themselves rather readily to imitation. In sevcral recent cases the Department of Agriculture in prosecut- ing has described the figs seized as not being figs at all, bur, imitations consist- ing of “a filthy decomposed or putrid vegetable substance.” In such a case, it will be noted, there is not only mis- branding—because the commodity of- fered was not actually figs at all—bnt dangerous adulteration. The “filthy, decemposed or puirid vegetable sub- stance” might very easily cause serious illness, Industries Police Themselves. In a case involving chocolate coating it was found that the coating consisted largely of ground-up cocoa shells. A fine of $300 was imposed in this case. A canned corn manufacturer was fined $1,000 because he labeled his product “Country Gentleman Corn,” a well known variety of sweet corn, when, as a matter of fact, the cans contained field corn. This is a typical case of simple misbranding. Field corn is not deleterious to health, and there was no claim of adulteration. Nevertheless, the cans were misbranded. Another case was that of cottonseed cake, the label of which declared that the product con- tained 43 per cent protein. Chemical analysis showed that it did not. Eggs and butter are both freqeuently in court as violators of the pure food and drug act, and prepared animal feeds also run afoul of the law often. A false statement of the contents of a package also comes under the law, and many cases arise in which the charge is that while the food may be unadul- terated, the net weight stated on the label is greater than the actual weight, Olive oil manufacturers have difficulty in resisting the temptation to adulterate their products with the cheaper cot- tonseed oil, and there are many cases of that sort. Where the manufacturers do not appear in defense of their products penalty often goes no further than seizure and destruction of goods. In cases where the food products seized are pure, but merely misbranded as to weight or precise ingredients, it is the practice to turn them over to charitable institutions. These strict enforcement measures prevent a large amount of impure food reaching the public, but the greatest effectiveness of the act arises from the high standard it has caused manufac- turers to set for themselves. They find that it is better business to make a product superior to that of rivals rather than try to palm off a cheap, adulterated commodity in the hope of mnpina detection. Since the pure food an drug act had the effect of apprising the public that there were tricks in the food trade as well as others and that tricks, the best -anufacturer and tv of product 3ather. “7 careful. They 1 ich keeps they were dangero" is demanded, and tr merchant find the and good business Canners are parti have a national ass> agents constantly on r-2d visiting the plants of membx ® @8s0- ciation. These examine scmmles and condemn impure or misbranded prod- ucts. For the good name of th2ir mem- bers as a whole the association will not hesitate to an adulterated p: of any one of tis members to the atten- tion of the authorities. Other trade associations in the food and busi- ness police their membership the same manner. This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. Jack Spratt began the New Year, his many friends will be glad to know, by taking a midnight romp through the house. This is Jack's feline way of kicking up his heels, both in a figurative and a literal sense. It shows that he is feeling fit, thank you. Usually the Spratt begins his evolu- tions some time after midnight. There will be heard the scampering of feet on the stairs, then a mighty rush as| he swings around the landing. Rugs go flying as the bounding Jack leaps down the hall, scurrying as if all the dogs in town were after him. Is he evoking for his pleasure the | visions of ancestors, repul to have flown with witches, or to have danced in the sands around the base of the mighty pyramid? * K R K It was New Year eve. The last whistle had faded into silence, and revelers had gone back indoors. To be more exact, it was the New Year! The noise-making was over, and | now the city and the world had settled | down into everyday living again. Men talk of New Year resolutions, but what they mean is an opportunity. He who wrote “Opportunity knocks | but once” may have known what he #as talking about, in a larger sense. but from the standpoint of the every | day he was weefully at sea. Maybe it is just another way of put- ting it, but it has always seemed to many of us that the New Year simply offered an opportunity to put into prac- tice some of the good things we know. How wide a gap there is between theory and practice! “Do as I say, not as I do.” So the practical world has solved the problem. The New Year would be a new year, indeed, if most of us would seize the opportunity of 365 days, 6 hours, offered in which to be kinder, gentler, more decent, more willing to meet others half way. £niny Jack Spratt, the cat, unharassed by any such thoughts, luckily for him, swept up the staircase at an estimated | speed of 20 miles an hour. He put on| his four-paw breaks as he rounded the | newel post, causing the rug to crumple up into several assorted waves. He retracted his claws, then wheeled into the south room. We could hear him dash after a bit of cardboard, one of his favorite playthings. He sounded for all the world like a rather large mouse loose on a spree. The cardboard rattled, the cat struck a chalr, the chair slid across the floor, and bumped into a sewing machine. Fifty Years Ago In The Star In an editorial in The Star of Jan- uary 1, 1878, is given nn!lmlylh s Important follows of the hap- penings of the pre- Happenings. ceding twelve months: “Those events of the past year which in their consequences will do the most to keep alive the mem- ories of 1878 and to distinguish it from its predecessors and successors are soon told. For this country the practical re~ sumption of specie payments is the event of greatest significance. The fact that the legal operation of the resumption Iaw is to distinguish the new year and that its effects are to be felt most per- ceptibly during that period will not ro 1878 of the interest which attaches to it in this connection, not merely as the final year of expectation, but as the um_; :f scttual ful llment.f & “The vast development of the aj - tions of electricity for the eom!or?u“ - verience and increased knowledge of mankind, which has been the charac- teristic achievement of the year in the scientific world and which will be espe- cially connected in the annals of dis- covery with the name of this country, is a second noteworthy point. Much nas been done in this direction and more remains to be done. But whatever mar- vels the immediate future may bring to light in the way of making electricity a more useful servant, the discoveries and inventions must be traced back to the impulse given to sclentific move- ment in this direction by the investi- gations of 1878. “In Europe the most significant occurrences which are likely to affect its future are the indications of widespread and dangerous conspiracies hostile to all the existing governments. Attempts have neen made uj the lives of the rulers of Germany, Italy and Spain, and whis- perings of designs against the crowned heads of England, Denmark and Aus- tiia have come through our interconti- nental telephone, the cable, with more or less distinctness. The actual ac- complishments of the Socialists have been insignificant, but the fact of such attempts is -in itself an indication of future evils. The Berlin treaty, the efforts, more or less sincere, made to carry it out, and the Afghan war will be temembered in the history of diplo- ¥ “In this country the event most dis- tinet in remembrance is perhaps the yellow fever epidenxc. But it will be lost in the long list of distresses that the world furnishes for every year: and while the injury which it has inflicted will keep it long in mind in the localities’ where its ravages were felt, it will not like the vindication of public credit in a great nation, or scientific discoveries of universal application, or the beginning of conficts between the tyrannical and Jack was after the cardboard on all fours. Previously it had held yarn wound around it, but Jack had un- tangled the yll;n the d:y before. * x Now it was tangled around chair legs, bed posts, kcases, tables. It was Jack’s pleasure to see how twisted the yarn would become by repeated runs through it. At least, this was what his human ‘friends made of his antics. As to how we possess the ability to tell exactly what he was doing there in the dark, we may say that we have seen him perform so often in the day- time that we could follow his move- ments with precision. After a time Jack grew quieter. He had hopped up into his favorite chair, and had stretched himself out to sleep. | First he made his toilet. We could hear busy tongue slop-slopping over his Then all was quiet. The cat was asleep, anarchical elements over a wide conti- uent, affect and be remembered by the whole world. ) What Is the Specialist? From the Springfield, Ohio. Daily News. That prima donna who married a famous throat speclalist is a Russian, not Scotch. ——r—e— We Prefer Whiskers to Noise. From the Oakland Tribune. If the king of the Afghans really wishes to abolish whiskers he should introduce soup as the national dish. b But the Toll Is Light. From the Des Moines Tribune-Capital. And the line bstween Boltvia is also busy. s, s