Evening Star Newspaper, December 4, 1928, Page 3

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Call S.W. 3 JAPANESE ENVDY PEADS FOR G Other Powers Are Asked by Debuchi. By the Assoclated Press. NEW YORK, December 4—A warn- ing that conditions in China, although progressing steadily toward final sta- | cult, requiring the exercise of patience ers interested in that Nation, was given here last night by Katsuji Debuchi, Jap- anese Ambassador to Washington, speaking before the Japan Society. The Ambassador found reason for optimism, however, in the fact that identical “in their desire to do all in their power to help China work out her naticnal destiny.” This was merely one “ manifestation, he said, of the ever-grow- | ing co-operation and understanding be- { twean the two powers across the Pacific “Let this contact grow ever closer for the benefit of the peoples bordering | upon that ocean,” Ambassador Debuchi continued. “It may not be an exag- geration for me to say that the future prosperity of our two nations depends | upon the peace of the Pacific, and that the promotion of our common weal in the atmosphere of genuine friendship | and good will is an important factor in | the maintenance of peace throughout | the world.” Move Toward Stabilization. Discussing the Chinese situation, the Ambassador said that “fortunately, events in China appear to be moving toward the stabilization of that country and there is now more hope for a United China than ever before, yet it is too early to conclude that she has| reached the promised land. There still | exist abnormal conditions and institu- tions calling for adjustment. As you are aware, they are the growth of past gen- erations, which cannot be changed in a day without producing unwholesome effects upon the relations between China and the foreign powers. “I must say, therefore, that, promis- ing as .it is, the present situation is fraught with difficulties various natures. However, it is confidently hoped that, guided by the dictates of reason and moderation, those who are in control of affairs in China will do their utmost in tiding over these diffi- culties and in re-establishing through- out that country the reign of perpetual peace and security. “In the face of such a situation it behooves the powers interested in China to watch the development of the situa- tion there with patience and tolerance and to shape their conduct in a way to promote the realization of China’s national aspirations.” . Praises Kellogg Pact. Ambassador Debuchi also praised the Kellogg anti-war theaty as “a great bulwark of peace for the future,” and pledged his government and people “to play their part in the realization of the high ideals embodied in this pact.” | The intensity of Japanese-American trade relations could best be realized, the ambassador continued, from the fact that Japanese foreign trade had increased 300 per cent since before the war, when America accounted for less than one-third of that trade, while now she gives rise to about one-half of it. The total foreign trade of Japan last year as well over 4,000,000,000 yen, he said. “We are the largest purchaser of your goods on the other side of the ocean, buying more from you than all the other countries in the Far East com- bined, including your own Philippine | Islands; while you in turn are our best customers, not excepting our big neighbor, China.” American-Japanese relations, how- ever, Ambassador Debuchi added, were not only material but also largely cul- tural and spiritual. He quoted the large number of American educators and econ- omists and other advisers who have been taken to Japan to spread Western social standards and ideals. Voices Faith in Japanese. Mortimer L. Schiff expressed the be- lief that the Japanese police force in Manchuria is “animated by the highest motives and has no selfish purpose to serve beyond the legitimate ones hav- ing relation to her own trade expansion and industrial development.” ‘The United States, he said, best can aid China achieve stability and a re- sponsible democratic government by co-operating with Japan toward that end It is increasingly evident, Mr. Schiff said, that “Japan is entitled to recogni- tion of her leadership in her sphere of influence. ‘The interests of China and Japan are closely intertwined, and as a result Japan has certain duties and obligations in the Far East which none but she can’effectively perform.” MERGER OF CHICAGO BANKS IS PLANNED Consolidation Would Make Finan- cial House Second Largest in City. By the Assoclated Press. CHICAGO, December 4—The Trib- une today said that a consolidation of the First National Bank and its subsidiary, the First Trust & Savings Bank, with the Union Trust Co., “had been agreed on.” Formal announcement of the mer- ger, which would unite two of Chi- cago’s oldest banks into the city’s sec- ond largest financial institution, was cx;:iected today or tomorrow, the paper said. { ‘Total assets of the combination, ap- | proaching $585,000,000, would rate the new bank second in size to the recent- 1y formed Illinols Merchants-Continent- al_combination. The First National Bank’s remodeled building at Dearborn, Monroe and Clarke streets, the Tribume said, will be the home of the new bank. Flo Will Make New Attempt. LOUISVILLE, Ky. December 4 (/). { —Lieut. Leorard S. Flo of Ann Arbor, Mich,, who was forced down at Key West last week because of illness, while attempting a non-stop flight from Can- ada to Cuba, announced late yesterday | he would make another attempt next ;month after participation in the De- | troit-to-Miami air derby. Will Rogers Says: NEW YORK CITY.—Congress opened yesterday. It's called the lame duck session. A lame duck is a politician who is still alive, but the Government paymaster has noti- fied him that he will become totally disabled on March fourth. Yesterday's session was very con- genial. They met, prayed and ad- journed. But wait till the Boulder Dam bill comes up. Then the City of Washington will get a shock on its national pride. They will find that the power lobby didn't just settle there on account of beauty of that charming city. We shall soon discover the susceptible. ’ | Tolerance and Patience of| bilization of the country, were still diffi- | and tolerance on the part of other pow- | Japanese’ and American policies were i+ THE EVENING 300 hours. FLYERS ATTENPT S0HOUR FLGHT Cabin Plane and Two Avia- tors Visit Here En Route to New York. A big Travelair cabin monoplane, which will be used within a fortnight in an attempt to break the world air- plane endurance record, and two of the pilots who will participate in the trial visited Washington yesterday en route to New York, where the attempt will be made. In the endurance attempt gasoline will be picked up from the ground by means of a new device perfected for the use of the air mail service. The pilots, taking turns at the controls, will en- deavor to remain in the air at least 300 hours. Inventor Visits Here. The inventor of the pick-up device, Dr. Lytle S. Adams of New York, was one of the party in the plane when it landed at Bolling Field yesterday. The two pilots here yesterday are Don Brown, aviation correspondent for the North American Newspaper Alliance, and L. V. Rawlings, jr., who has en- gaged in a number of pick-up experi- ments on the Pacifio Coast. The third pilot, who will join the party in New York, will be Capt. John O. Donaldson, American war ace, who has eight enemy planes to his credit and whose capture by the Germans and subsequent escape from a prison camp formed one of the spectacular exploits of the World War. Gasoline and oil will be picked up in flight, 200 pounds at a time. A cdble with a special hooking device is lowered from the plane. The ground device con- sists of a huge open funnel with a slot- ted side, in which the load to be picked up is placed. The cable is guided into the cone on guide rails and the hook engages the load. Several devices are employed to take up the shock of pick- ing up the load, the most important of which is a heavy spring arrangement with a trigger operated by the cable, which shoots the load out of the cone just as the hook engages. The gasoline is placed in cans in a special pneumatic bag with springs in the upper portion, which also takes up some ofthe shock. Load Automatically Wound In. In the plane the cable is fastened to an automatic reel with a slipping clutch arrangement, which also gives at the moment of impact. The reel then au- tomatically winds in the load, pulling it through a trap in the floor of the cabin. Electric pumps are provided to pump the gasoline and ofl from the cans into the plane's tanks. The empty cans are lowered to the earth on the cable, fastened to a special hook which releases them upon impact with the loading cone. ‘The devices have been thoroughly tested at Teterboro Airport, N. J., and the inventor and pilots are confident of their ability to make a new endurance record, barring motor failure or un- usually bad weather, The world’s record made by means of refueling from the air is a little more than. 83 hours. In this flight the plane was refueled from another plane, which flew overhead and lowered a hose, which fed oil and gasoline directly into the tanks of the plane beneath. . SCHOOL TEACHERS * FAIL TO GET PAID 13,000 Chicago Instructors Go Without Funds Due to Deficit of $12,000,000. By the Assoclated Press. CHICAGO, December 4.—Thirteen thousand Chicago school ma'ams went without their pay today because the school board was unable to muster funds to meet its $3,500,000 pay roll. H. Wallace Caldwell, president of the school board, said the schools would re- main open, “no matter what happens.” It will be two or three days, he said, before the teachers’ money will be forthcoming. Last week a deficlt of nearly $12,- 000,000 in the schools’ finances was made public. City and school officials decided the city would buy $6,000,000 worth of school tax warrants, which banks refused to accept because of un- certain tax collections. The $6,000,000, 1t was explained, would tide the schools over through December expenses. The city council, which meets tomorrow, must authorize the city treasurer to buy the warrants before the funds become available. Several aldermen have said they would insist on a complete in- vestigation of the schools’ finances be- fore “allowing any city money to be gambled on securities rejected by banks.” Please enroll the undersigned AdAress «eeeoenesnrnernnssansanis NAME .euvecesnercacnsnes Address ....ieenee Reserve STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, TUESDAY, DECEMBER ¢, 1928. ' WILL TRY FOR E DURANCE RECORD Left to right: L. V. Rawlings, jr, and Don Brown, who will attempt a new air endurance record in New York. the ground up the new airmail pick-up device and hope to stay in the air They will pick up gas and off from —Star Staff Photo. COMMUNITY CHEST PLAN IS WELL RECOMMENDED BY CLEVELAND LEADERS (Continued From First Page) fare Federation, four by the Jewish Federation, two by the Chamber of Commerce, and the mayor, city manager and director of public welfare hold ex- officio positions. These 21 men elect 20 more from among the citizens at large. It is a_self-perpetuating organization. Theoretically, its function is almost en- tirely one of money raising. The Wel- fare Federation and Jewish Federation pass upon their own membership. There has been the closest co-operation from the start. A system of equable distri- bution, based on service rendered, has been reached by which nine-tenths of the money goes to the Welfare Federa- tion and one-tenth to the Jewish Fed- eration, The various groups to benefit by the campaign estimate late in August the amount of money they will need. These reports are passed upon by the council, which then lays its plans for the cam- paign in November. By a well operated statistical and research service the de- mands are kept down within actual needs. The unit cost of the work of one organization, such as a hospital, is compared with that of similar organi- zations in Cleveland and throughout the country, This represents an earnest ef- fort to play fair with the public. The Cleveland citizen knows that the amount asked for each year is reason- able and arrived at on a business basis. He knows also that the total represents only what a city of Cleveland's size and wealth is in honor bound to give for the care and redemption of its poor and unfortunate. Chairty on Scientific Basis. The organization of the Community Fund Council has made it possible to place giving on a scientific basis an reduce waste in charity to the mini- mum. The continual effort, according to Kenneth Sturgis, director of the Community Fund, is to broaden the basis of giving to the point where every citizen will be aware of the obligation to assume his fair share of the city’s charitable burden. A community fund, once established, does not run auto- matically, Mr. Sturgis says. There is a casualty factor of from 6 to 8 per cent annually, due to deaths, business fail- ures and change of location of givers. This must be provided for by interest- ing new givers. About 71 per cent of the total is subscribed by 5,000 individuals and cor- porations with annual contributions of $100 or more, while the remainder comes from the rank and file, who give ac- cording to their means. It is difficult, Mr. Sturgis says, to derive any formula by which to calculate what an individ- ual should give. The bulk of a com- munity chest always will come from the wealthier part of the population and from the business houses, but it would be impossible to lay down any definite percentage of income which they should give to charity because they may be engaged in other interests, such as the endowment of education, which they consider of more permanent value to the public. In the lower brackets, he says, it seems.fair to set a figure of one-third of 1 per cent of the year's wage—one day’s pay—for the average wage earner and 1 per cent for the person earning from $2,500 to $7,500 a year. General Ratio Evolved. ‘There is, however, a general ratio which usually holds good in inclusive community chest campaigns by which the 50 highest givers contribute about | one-fourth, the 500 highest givers about two-fourths, and the 5,000 highest giv- ers about three-fourths, each classi- fication including the preceding group. This leaves one-fourth to be collected from those outside the 5,000 highest. It is like an inverted pyramid, with the 50 highest givers as the base. Mr. Sturgis believes that any community chest campaign must be undertaken with this in mind. It also is essential, he holds, to keep in mind that the generosity of the public is not limitless, but has quite || definite limits. The public will not give more than is needed and an attempt to raise extravagant amounts is cer- tain to end in failure. Under the com- munity chest arrangement, however, more s secured than would be possible by the appeals of individual societies, each working in a limited fleld. The Cleveland organization also has kept in mind that there is a variable, but none the less actual, saturation point in giving. No city, even after 10 years of education, ever has gone much above $4 per capita, and this is considerably above what can be ex- pected at first. From $2.50 to $3 per capita, according to Raymond Clapp, secretary of the Cleveland Welfare Federation, is an excellent figure at the start. He compares it, however, with the saturation point of salt in water, which increases with the tem- perature of the water. The saturation point in community giving increases gradually as the public is “warmed up” to the needs and opportunities. Social Justice Is Stressed. The Cleveland campaign is conducted with the full co-operation of the news- papers, the churches, the schools, the NBME .evsescressscennnsonnnassiinnetsssinssnssssncs industries and the labor unions. An AMERICAN RED CROSS Official Relief Organization of the Government DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CHAPTER MEMBERSHIP ANNUAL DUES Annual |Contributing| Sustaining | Supporting 1 8 1 25 1. Only 50c of each to National, balance to your chapter for its growing normal needs. 2. All Major Disaster Contributions are spent therefor and deficiencies, if any, paid from diminishing Red Cross Funds. Hence need of Membership increase from 4,540,211 to 5,000,000. Deductible from income subject to Federal Tax. 5 | tended from December 1 to next Mon- CHET I BROUGHT T0 48 ACENCES Favorable Action Is Taken on Nine Additional Applications. Favorable action by the membership and budget committee of the Washing- ton Community Chest on nine addi- | tional applications yesterday afternoon brings the total chest membership to 48 agencies, leaving several other agencies yet to be acted upon. After the meeting of the committee in the chest headquarters, 1418 I street, it was announced that the appli- cations not reached for consideration then will be considered by the com- mittee next Monday afternoon. At the same time an announcement also was made that the time for receiving appli- | cations for membership has been ex- day at noon, giving organizations which already have not done so an opportu- nity to file. The sgencles admitted yesterday are the District of Columbia Department Dis- abled American Veterans of the World War, the District of Columbia Depart- ment of the American Legion, the Southern Relief Society, the Columbia Hospital for Women and Lying-in Asylum, the Association for the Pre- vention of Tuberculosis, the Children’s | Country Home, the Episcopal Home for Children, the Washington Home for Foundlings and the Summer Outings Committee. The Association for the Prevention of Tuberculosis was recommended for membership with the understanding that its annual sale of tuberculosis seals, which is a feature of its educa- tional program, may be continued, with the stipulation that the receipts from the seals shall be applied to the current expense budget of the organization, and thus reduce the amount of help to be required from the Community Chest. An_application for membership in the chest was received yesterday from the District of Columbia Congress of Parent-Teacher Association. The chest campaign for funds is scheduled to begin some time in Jan- uary. 74 INFLUENZA DEATHS. Los Angeles County Report Shows 4,082 Cases in November. LOS ANGELES, December 4.—In- fluenza caused 74 deaths here during November, Dr. George Parrish, head of the Los Angeles Health Department, announced yesterday. He said the number of cases had dropped 50 per cent in the last four days. The number of cases reported in Los Angeles County in November was 4,082. The death rate was described as “satisfactorily low.” ~Dr. Parrish said one-third of the deaths reported as due to influenza were due to “com- plications” rather than to influenza. In Orange County 1,000 cases were reported in November, and 6 deaths. Most of the schools In Orange County are closed until December 10. In Ventura County schools that closed last week because of influenza reopened today. . — SUSPEND BUILDER’S TERM French Courts Called On to Try Italian Second Time in Week. PARIS, December 4.—The French courts yesterday, for the second time within a week, were called upon to deliver judgment on an Italian. Antonio Provini, owner, architect and buflder of an apartment house which collapsed on October 18, killing 19 workmen, was let off with a suspended sentence of two years' imprisonment. Last week another lenlent verdict sentencing the assassin of Count De Mardini, Itallan consul in Paris, to two years in jafl provoked anti-French demonstrations in Italy. effort is made to stress the idea of social justice rather than charity. This, Mr. Sturgis says, is thoroughly appre- ciated by the industrial leaders of the city where there is considerable sea- sonal employment. Door-to-door canvassers are conduct- ed during the campaign week, and there are canvasses in all the shops, banks, stores and schools. Pledges are ac- cepted and the annual receipt from them during the 10 years has averaged 95 per cent. Outside the industrial group all but 97 per cent are collected. The industrial group, whose pledges are smaller, averages about 85 per cent payment, the differences being ac- counted for by the fact that work sometimes falls off and that the work- ers must live closer to their incomes, so that any unforeseen circumstances may make it impossible for a man to pay. - The community fund, Mr. Sturgls points out, has brought many divergen® groups together on a common ground. It is indorsed by both the industrial leaders and the labor unions. All the newspapers unite in giving it space, partly because it saves them from many appeals for space during the year from small organizations running individual campaigns. It has the earnest support of all the Protestant and Jewish clergy- men, and last Summer received the personal indorsement of Pius XI, given thrgug‘h Archbishop Schrembs of Cleve- an It has almost entirely eliminated the “wild cat” charity or welfare organi- zation” which, however worthy its in- tentions, had no effective means of carrying them out, and, after defraying the expenses of the fund campaign and paying its officials, had nothing left for charity. By the accounting methods which it has insisted upon it has forced some of its member organizations onto a better business basis so that their earnings have increased. Thus hospitals, faced by comparisons with the per diem cost of equally efficient hospitals, have revamped their own methods. Few Failures Reported. By surveying the field of public wel- fare and charity as a whole the organi- zation has been able to show where a greater part of the burden should be carried by public taxation rather than by private giving, and thus has been able to make more money available out of the chest. This year the community fund or- ganization raised nearly a quarter mil- lon dollars above its quota. It nearly always has achieved its full quota, and in the few cases where it has failed the deficiency was very small. Additional Donattons "W ! NEW LISTS NUMBER GF INIPROVEMENTS Deficit of $33,363,148 An- nounced by New in Annual Report. Although the American postal serv-| ice was operated at a deficit of $33,- | 363,148 for the fiscal year ended June | 30, Postmaster General New sets forth | in his annual report to the President today a long list of improvements and ! extensions which have added to the usefulness of the service to the public. Included in these achievements are noted the extension of the airplane service under the contract system and th enactment of important legislation for the betterment of the service and the readjustment of postal rates. Careful and economical administra- tion of the service is indicated, the Pestmaster General says, by the fiscal affairs of the department. While the increase in postal revenues, 1.54 per cent, was less than in the preceding year, the increase in the operating de- ficit 'was at a lesser rate per cent, The average per capita expenditure for postage during the year was $5.11. The operation of the Jones-White merchant marine act, designed to stimulate American shipbuilding with aid from postal revenue, was not re- flected in the reports, as new contracts | could not be made to begin during the | period. The 5-cent rate on letters sent | by air also was made effective since the date of the report, but Mr. New said that the contract air mail service ap- | pears to justify his opinion that pri- | vate enterprise can perform the work | creditably. Amendment Urged. The Postmaster General recommended amendment of the March act under which contracts were let during the past year for transporting the mails| by air between New York and Mont- real, Key West and San Juan, Porto Rico, and between Key West and the Canal Zone, asking authority to make contracts for routes between the island possession and foreign countries, be- tween such island possessions and over routes in foreign countries. “The fiscal affairs of the department indicate careful and economical ad- ministration of the service,” he said. “Notwithstanding the decrease in the increase of postal revenues under those of the preceding year, the operating defl::}t increased at a lesser rate per cent.” The revenues of the service were placed at $693,633,921, an increase of 1.54 per cent over last year, when the increase was 3.53 per cent. The audited expenditures were $725,699,765. The final estimate of the sum needed to run the department was $760,973,279, and the amount carried in the appropria- tion act, $755,336,200. ‘The task of ascertaining the revenue derived from and the cost of carrying and handling the various classes of mail was continued, Mr. New said, and rec- ommendations - for appropriate legisla- tion will be submitted to Congress | shortly after it convenes. 23,649,044 Dear Messages. The average per capita expenditure for postage was $5.11. A reduction of 8.5 per cent in the number of undeliv- erable letters was noted, but these “dead” messages totaled 23,649,044 pieces. The decrease was ascribed to the department’s campaign to induce mail advertisers to use envelopes bear- ing return addresses. Money found in dead letters or loose in the mails totaled $98,678, and 461,441 parcel post pack- ages went unclaimed. Surveys of all matter mailed free un- der the penalty privilege by the several Government departments and under the franking privilege accorded members of Congress showed an estimated number of 520,117,717 pieces of mail. Had post- age been collected, the revenue would have been $17,634,510, it was estimated. The Postmaster General asked author- ity to extend the free mail privilege to the diplomatic corps and consuls of Pan-American countries. Mr. New reviewed the revision of postage rates under the act of May 29 of this year. Significant changes made were restoration of the 1-cent rate for private mailing of post cards, reduction in rates on newspapers and periodicals when mailed by the general public and on the advertising portions when mailed by publishers, and merger of the spe- | cial delivery and special handling | charges on matter other than first class. | Serious Disadvantage. American exporters “are placed at a serious disadvantage with those of com- peting countries,” he said, by termina- tion of the parcel post convention with Cuba. Cuba refused to extend the agreement, he pointed put, because Congress would not repeal the law pro- hibiting importation of cigars and cig- arettes in quantities of less than 3,000 to the package. He termed the law “obnoxious and archaic” and said “it is hoped that Congress will, at the forthcoming session, realize how unnec- essary and objectionable the present law is and how contrary it is to the real interests of our people.” H A long list of recommendations for legislative action were made, among | them one to th!blt the sending of unsolicited articles through the mails for sale. Others asked were: More drastic fun!shment for mail robbers; a fee for inquiries made for patrons con- cerning registered, insured or collect- on-delivery mail and postal money or- ders; demurrage charges on undeliv- ered collect-on-delivery parcels; pun- ishment for those attempting to extort “blackmail;” authority to require steam- ship companies to carry the mail when tendered and to impose fines on steam- unreasonable and unnecessary delays and other delinquencies; permission to hire motor vehicles from carriers for use in the service, and power to define more clearly the authority for requir- ing the delivery, in accordance with the requirements of the Department, of foreign mails brought by s from abroad. < oty Domino THE : HOUSEWIFE'S _NAME ‘FOR Granulated Sugar Smian Sugar Refining Company: | cago and Havana, Nassau, and the West money through the mails by meaas of || ship companies and air mail lines for || RETAIN SCOPES’ LAWYERS Strike Leaders Will Be Defended by Darrow and Hays. NEW YORK, December 4 (#).—Clar- cnce Darrow and Arthur Garficld Hays, cssociated in the defense of Thomas Scopes in the Tennessee evolution fight, | ! will defend two leaders of the striking coal miners’ insurgent forces in Penn- ylvania who are awaiting trial at Pittsburgh on December 18, the Amer- ican Civil Liberties Union announced yesterday. | The two leaders, John Brophy and Patrick Toohey, were arrested last March at Renton, Pa. on charges of | riot and inciting to riot after police broke up & meeting of striking miners | before whom Toohey was eriticizing the policy of the United States Gov: ernment in Nicaragua. WEST INDIES TO GET AIR-RAIL SERVICE. Route From Chicago South Will: Be Inaugurated on ‘ January 9. | | | | | | By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, December 4.-—Combined air-rail passenger service between Chi- A Day HEALTH BUILDER Phone for Demonstration Indies will be inaugurated January 9, it was announccd yesterday after a| conference of representatives of rail- | road lines and heads of the Pan-Ameri- | can Airways, Inc. | Chicago Lrains, operated by the Tlinois | Central, Chicago & Eastern Illinois | and the Pennsylvania Railrcads will | onnect with the Pan-American Air Line at Miami daily, cutting from 8 to 10 hours from the previous best time between Chicago and Havana. Three days each week through ac- commodations with the same rail-and- air connections will provide direct serv- ice to Nassau and to the West Indies via Havana. The same arrangements are being made with the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and the Florida East Coast Co., operating trains from New Miami. 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