Evening Star Newspaper, May 24, 1928, Page 8

T THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASWINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY.......May 24, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor wspaper Company e The Evening Star Ne Business Chicago Offica- Tawer ildine Buropean Office” 14 Rewent St. London. England. Rate by Carrier Within the City, The Evening Star 43¢ per manth | The Evening and Sunday Star S0e Lot manth tar ~65¢ per month | The Sundas Star . 5e per copy | Collertion made at the ‘end of each manth | Onlers mas be sent in by mail or lelephone Main 8000 Rate by Mail—1" Maryland | {aimed at co-ordinating the views of }fievelopnmt permit, it cannot do so indefinitely without help from OCon- gress. This help is afforded in the Cramton bill. The bill's passage wou mean that the question of the river’ future development, for park or for power, will be left open pending con- gressional investigation of the subject. There 1s still the possibility that the river may eventually be used for both power and park development. A plan, the Park and Planning Commission and the power interests, has been evolved by competent engineers and landscape architects. But since it has | been submitted there has been no an- nouncement as to whether it is ac- ceptable or feasible. This plan veally of secondary importance, for nothing can be done with it until Con- gress speaks it& mind on the subject As the approaching close of the ses- and Sunday Sunday only sion prevents such an expression, the reasonable thing to do now is to bott!> | up the controversy, through the Cram- { ton bill, and await the decision of an- other session of Congress, + oo Darty N Dai; 1 v, $8000 1 m: 1sr. $300° 1 m and Canada. 1 mo. $1.0 1 mo., £4.00: 1 mo. All Other Sta Datly and Sunda Dasly onls = Sunday only . . | ‘Pay Increase Practically Assnredfi Member of the Associated Press ‘e exciusively entitico The reaching of an agrecment by the o the ation of all news dis | o = i Pathes eeediiad 1 21 0F 6t atharwise cren | CONferecs on the bill proposing to raise ited n this paper And also the loeal nows | Skisties Jovernment employes, e linet Berrte 11 revta ol nublieetiun | the ‘aklariss ol Governi ploy of spacial dispatehes nerein are alen reserved | i terms that it is expected will meet em—emrrree—ee——eveme= | With presidential approval, decidedly The McNary-Haugen Bill Veto, | rishtens the prospect of legislation at | 1(1|L« session on this matter, which is of President Coolidge has put farm 1e- | g cn yital interest to many thousands of Government workers. It is not known | just how large will be the addition to| the appropriations as a result of the measure. The House bill increased the total by about $18.000,000 and the | Senate amendmen! it is estimated, | added $7.000,000 prospectively to this, amount. The total addition to the pay | roll effected by the compromise meas- ' ure lies somewhere beiween these two| The very fabric of American business figures; in all about 135000 employes | is credit. Unless public announcement are affected, both here and elsewhere. | has been made to the contrary, & mer- This pay increase bill is now regarded | chant naturally assumes that & hus- as an emergency measure making pro- | P2nd UVINE with his wife will be re- vision for the immediate future pending | POnsible for her debts. If the wite a general survey of the Government | pledges the husband’s credit beyond his pay roll, the results of which are to be | "CHItY to pay, It would apprar to b | purely a domestic controversy and not reported at the mext session of Con- | y gress for a more comprehensive action. it et e d storekeeper. It is assumed that the scale named in the pending bill will stand as a, Mef squarely up to Congress in his veto | of the McNary-Haugen bill. He has| shown the to farm legislation | which can become law and which 1s constitutional and helpful. What Congress going to do about it? Is Congress to take the position that | it is “the equalization fee or bust”? | of the best lawyers in the Senate | and House believe that the equalization fee plan is unconstitutional. among them Senator Borah of Idaho and Sen- | ator Walsh of Montana. The equaliza- | tion fee is supposed to be a levy upon the farmers themselves, and many of the farmers do not like the idea. But the equalization fee has been | made a fetich of the professional farm | aider. The longer there is no farm legislation, the longer some of these ‘farm aiders will draw their pay. The equalization fee has been the stumbling block in the path of farm legislation It has been seized to the hearts of sev- eral candidates for the presidentul nomination, in the hope that the farm States will rise and support them at the Kansas City convention. President Coolidge in his second veto | message dealing with the McNary- Haugen farm bill has dispelled the fog surrounding the measure. He has writ- ten, in terms that any voter and any farmer can understand, the reasons why the bill in its present form should not become law. He has dwelt upon the | ‘bureaucracy which would be built up and would hold the farmers and the distributors of farm products in its) grip. one of the most dangerous fea- | tures of the bill. ; Under the plans of the congressional | Jeaders, Congress is siated to adjourn | “within & few days. Will it give heed %0 the words of the President as he says, “I am still hopeful that legisla- tion along the lines suggested in ny Jast message, with which many of the provisions of this bill are in harmons. may be enacted”? If there is the great demand for farm relief in the Middle West and the Northwest which has been claimed by those demanding the passage of the McNary-Haugen bill, Congress might well linger in Washing- another week or two and put the legislation for which the t asks, and which would be a 2id to the farmer. If Congrass without further effort to enact lation for the farmer it will appear t the outery for a single kind of 7 #arm legisiation, and no other, has be2n H B the interest of presidential candi- | tes and certain farm organization | : ders, rather than in the interest of is B3 | | farmer. | To pass the McNary-Haugen farm | M over the presidential veto requires | + /& two-thirds vote in both the Senl':i the House. The supporters of ths | do not believe that such a vote can | mustered. Even if the necessary | thirds vote were available, some of gentiemen who have voted for the measure, hoping to put the Republican | - -sdministration “in a hole” might be| found absent when the roll was ulltdé in the Benate and House. It has been | clear for some time that farm legisla- “tion was not meant to pass at m-.‘l present session of Congress. To ty through & farm aid law would Lft the | farm issue out of the coming natioual 1 eampaign—en jssue upon which both | * Democrats and some Republicans hope | fo make a big play. | The country will have to decide be- | tween the President and the supporters ‘ of the McNary-Haugen bill who insist that it shall be the equalization fee or | po farm legislation. The President has | given ample and conclusive reasons for semot approving the bill, with the fec .phan in it. Can the Congress give| equally good reasons for abandoniug | farm legislation st this session of Cou- | gress? ‘The National Grange, whica | has not opposed the McNary-Haugen | b demanding througn its chicl that Congress remain in session and mundertake other farm legisiation .- - ¥ew men reslize their most cherished ambitions. It is not likely that Lind- Dergn will ever be sble 0 enjoy & ip “Ainrough Burope as & private citizen © B - #<, Postponing Great Falls Action. Until Congress can decide the future af Grest Falls snd the Powmac goree $t will do well to wdopt immediately | the Cramion bill, which was reported 10 tie House yesterday ‘This bill is de- slgnea as & slop-gap messure, prevent- dng sny sction which would check or slop e Jong sught park develop- ament of the upper Polomsce by e @ranting of & permit for power develop gnent st Grest Falle. IU s apparent st Congress, aL this session, cannol favorably act on the proposal 1o ecquire the lands bordering the Potomac from the District e 1 Great Falls tor pack development. But there is still the pos- ity thet, In the sheence of any leg Miation, the Federsl Power Commission will grant the permit epplied for g i sllow the steps which would preclude | cquisition and development of Great Palle for power purposes Although the Netional Capital Park and Planning Commission has heen Sbie 80 181 1o block action on Lhe power for which legislation is now pending, it will require considerable time. The failure of appropriations may tie up any one of the prospective buildings for an entire session of Congress, virtually a year. In thus restoring the figure of the Budget Bureau's estimate for the site- buying needs for the coming year, the Senate committee has acted in the in- terest of speedy and uninterrupted ex- ecution of the great plan which is de- signed to give the Government for the first time an adequate housing equip- ment. Moreover, it serves to assure tha earliest possible adjustment of business in Washington to the new conditions It is due to those whose property is marked for purchase or condemnation that the funds for their compensation should be unfailingly avatlable, so that they may provide themselves without costly delay with accommodations else- where B Credit in Business. Wives and husbands and merchants of Washington are due for a difficult time if a decision in Municipal Court on a husband’s responsibility for a wife's debts Is sustalned by the Court of Appeals. The case 1 question was that of a man who refused to pay a debt to a clothing store incurred by his wife, claiming that he did not authorize the purchase involved. The | court upheld his contention. The suing merchant averred that the wife was dealt with in good faith, that no public announcement had been given of the husband’s repudiation of his wife's debts and that “a storekeeper has ab- Imln!mum. Certainly there will be no | | members of both houses of Congress to | solutely no way of ascertaining facts concerning a wife's financial relations with the husband, since the control of the wife's actions ought to be and is entirely in the hands of the husband.” | for merchants of Washington. The consequence of the propossd survey Kn\'fl'lge woman will not look kindly e s ? ¥ | upon intensive questioning by store ex- us the prospect of the GOVErnmeNt oo,ijves as to her financial relations employes is bright for a material and | yiin per husband, nor will the husband very greatly needed improvement N |pegm enthusiastically into the tele- pondifids. | phone when queried a dozen times a A sincere desire on the part of the | 4oy o to his responsibility for his wife's debts. > Of course, it may be argued that some merchants by persuasive salesmanship lead women into heavier debt than they or their husbands can afford to shoul- der, but again it would appear that that was something for the wife and husband to discuss in the privacy of their own home. The storekeeper does business on credit and faith in human nature, but a few cases such as this will destroy both, to the end that between losses to him and annoyance to his customers his business will suffer. —ate. The supreme power of the veto was ! shown when President Coolidge as- serted a negative stand regarding the proposition to draft him as a repeat- ing candidate. —— et Some enterprising Eskimo may yet be heard from with convincing data as to the exact conditions at the North Pole. justification for a downward revision in alleviate the situation of the Federal employes has been manifested through- out the session as work has proceeded on this bill. There were differences of opinion on the scales in detail. There were advocates of greater increases in the lower range of salaries rather than the upper and there were advocates of increases in the upper ranges rather than the lower. Most of all it was| urged throughout the hearings and the debates on this bill that all classes and grades of Federal employes be relieved of the severe financial pressure caused by the inadequacy of the pay scale. Although several measures have lately been vetoed by the President on the ground of undue demands upon the Treasury, the understanding prevails that this measure in its final form will meet with executive approval. On the day that the President's signature is placed upon this documeént, giving it the status of law, there will be great rejoicing among the Government workers and their friends. It remains 10 be assured that this substantive law be accompanied at the present session by appropriation provisions ensuring that it will go into practical effect on the first of July. ———ee. The farmer may still have the solace ?l remmbtrlr? the homely adage that Rumors of a third party arise in spite €683 is eggs” and that they will l-| o0 ipe ratner discouraging reminders ways hold a high market price. The | . upiory repeats ftself.” science of production remains more | et \mportant In public economy than the| . pumane tolerance taught by art of market management. | Confucius is now referred to in China Adequate Site-Buying Funds. g "ULA ----- -~ Addition of the sum of $4,750,000 tu SHOOTING STARS. the item in the deficlency bill for the | acquisition of land in the Mall-Avenae | triangle for public building sites, by | the Senate committee on appropria- | tions, brings the amount of the pro- posed allotment for the ensuing fis-al year for this purpose to 150,000, which was the figure recommended by the Bureau of the Budget. The Housc had cut this ftem down to $5,000,000, which would not have sufficed to carry | on the work of purchase and condem- nation to the point of prospective need The hope is that this figure will now stand in the measure in its final form It has been expected that the work of public building construction, already begun with the starting of actual oper- #tions on the main wing of the Agricil- ture Department, the complete clearing of the site for the Commerce Depart- | "But 80 very few i e Y ment and the partal clearing of thot | for the Internul Revenue Bureau, wi | “True. But they are willing to admit proceed regularly and without Interrup- | e fact and go on aboul thelr busi- tion if adequate provisions are made i " i season for the procurement of the sites | Letter A. for the others of the great series of | A rather trivial circumstance constructions. Congress has formall, | A pace may serve to se designated the entire triangle for this | And precedence may prove purpose and given a general authoriza- | Due to the alphabet. tion for the purchase of the lsnd tion days draw nl rsiigioi el ediron Bt " | While the conven . Py the GOV | Cayen) still be taking notes ernment, at & cost not o exce 5. 000,000, It remains to urov:e‘zl:" About. {he Whes, lixéwiss the Why, funds from time o time to permit suc- | O'0 Alabama voles cessive purchases in season for the ad- | ditional items of the program Experience has proved the wasteful- | ness of delsy in this great undertaking | Hud this aren been designated twenty | years ugo, as wes then strongly urged It could have been acquired for a much smuller sum than will now be needed | bors {10 tanster Utle 10 the Government, | “1 am,” answered Nowh. "It shows | Alrendy. since the specific selection of ( What private enterprise can do without this general territory for the futuve |80y government subsidy.” bnlding emplacements, there bas been | un incresse in the “asking price” of ‘Wealth Is subject to many unkind Uhe Jands. This is & natural result of | MspIcions.” said T Ho, the sage of | Chinatown, "A prosperous man must an assured merket, 1f the sliotments et of funds sre regular and suMcient, the | P omething of a philsapher Lo bear | Government will proft, 11 there (s | MI# tiches in patience.” | any lupse in the appropriations, it will | sufter lose | The procedure of condemnation which must be resorted Lo in many | eases —one single instance may block- ade the work of erecting any of the Federnl structures for a considerable “A crap game,” sald Uncle Bben “is period — I8 AL present slow. Even 1f lliable Lo be a combination of faith and speeded by Lie Proposed new msthods, MNIMIW“IM“%" — . No predictions concerning national party conventions are, considered re- liable, except the weather forecasts. - Other countries are inclined to leave Italy with full credit for Fascism as & BY PHILANDER JOHNSC Repetitiol Every day, with the sun's early ray, Brings something we seek to explain As to things we must do, and things we must say, Over and over again. ! 8ince the earliest day men have sought Fellow men with & warlike refrain, | The story 1s told in a different way. | Over and ove “What do you suggest for a campalgn insue?” “Relativity,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. | | | | by chance, Jud Tunkins says & wedding march always sounds to him like Conquering Herolne.” Independent Effort. “You are pretty proud of your suid one of the surviving wicked neigh- Musie Free, Bullfrog singin' by the erick. Robin turns his tuneful trick, La's enjoy the op'ry swi With no charges for a seat! The result of this sirange decision may well be a decided loss of business THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Should flowers be left on the bush or cut off for use in the house? This is the eternal problem facing the flower lover, especially the owner of a small home garden where growing space is at a premium. To cut or not to cut, that is the ques- tlon; whether it were more salisfac- tory to let the flowers bloom on the plant or to ruthlessly cut them for dis- play on the dining room table. According to the answer given, in general, will the status of the grower as a plant fan be determined. If he or she shrinks from applying the scissors, then the chances are that here one seces a true gardener. If, on the other hand, the flowers { grow but to be yanked {rom the plant, the little devastator may know that he or she has not the instincts of the plant lover, & k% % See Mrs. Charming as she gayly trips out into the dewy morn, armed | with a bright smile and a giant pair of | shears. | Hear the peony busl her coming! For of a h groan as it sees truth every normal bush { cultural fashion when it sees the ap- proach of Mrs. adorning her breakfast table. “Alas, alas!” weeps lovely Festiva Maxima, fair daughter of the garden ods. “Here she comes to yank away my beautiful blossoms, just as I have man- aged to bring them into the world for t Joy of all. or two before she cut away these beau- | tiftul blossoms. Alas, alas! And the fairest of the peonies weep: Maybe you have gone into the gard | buds? Well, that is the tear of the peony. shed for the misdeeds of the human rid. * xE % With ruthless gayety, however, the | aforementioned lady lives but to de- | stroy when it comes to garden flowers. ‘To her plants as plants mean noth- ing. She knows nothing of the joy of culti- | vation. She has never sat up nights | with a ny plant. Not for her is the | heartache of failure, the joy of success, A glorious peony. pride of the horti- cuitural world, fo1 her is nothing more than a receptacle of blooms for her table. A grand blossom is merely & garnish | to her bacon The most beautiful flower that grows is to Mrs. Charming & simple table dacoration. Clip! Clip! Clip! Three fair heads bow to know their {bush no more. Rip! Rip! Rip! ‘The devastation is completed. All the blooms are gone to make a Roman holiday for coffee and rolls. “Oh, there will be some more out to- morrow,” smiles Mrs. Charming as she trips away with her plunder. * ok k% He who has imbibed even a speck of genuine flower interest somehow feels that if one must despoil a plant to en- joy it, the plant had better not have been planted in the first place. He would say nothing against the use of ings of this wo! There are about two-thirds as man, Indians in the Continental United States as there are people in the City of ‘Washington. s week, a report on their condition and the problems con- nected with their care—a report of some 800 printed pages—will be made public as & product of an advisory coun- cil on Indian affairs, created some years ago by the Secretary of the Interior, Dr. Hubert Work. This council is made up of 100 dis- tinguished welfare workers, philan- thropists and men of affairs, or promi- nent in politics, business and education. d at their own expense. Since the coplous volume has not yet been given out, the public can have no information as to its solution, but the character of the advisory council 1s such that 1t 1s certain to throw light on the policies of the Indian Burcau and on the causes requiring national guardian- ship of the Indians, after the centu and a half of white man’s government. Certain articles—called “propagand: without pay an of the Interior for general ne per publication this week. These are sald to be based upon the work of the ad- visory council, and, belng brief, prob- ably they will be more popularly read than ever will be the 800-page book itself. The alm of the propaganda Is to stimulate public interest in the Indians, some of whom have a Government- guarded income amounting to $1,000 & month for every man, woman and child in the tribe, but have not intelligence and character development sufficient to be intrusted to self-protection, not merely against the perfidy of white and red leeches, but against their own child- ish extravagance. If left to thelr own discretion, fail to squander every cent of their trimony within three months. Affairs. PR Why are Indians so helpless? Some- times the answer is that generations of communistic tribal living have so warped thelr natures that they have no sense of values and no of providing for the future, If they are rationed, they feast gluttonously upon the fe then starve until next ration day. ‘The conclusion of thelr white uardians Is that generations of wild fe, dependent upon the hunt of wild ame, with Its uncertainties and its Iness when fort favors, have i bred into thelr natures the dependen upon adventitions sources of supplies, wnd that It will take generatlons to breed into Indians the instinct of prov- fdence through self-restraint. In wuswer o this doetrine, the negro I8 cited in contrast. If the (ribal com- munistic habits of the Indian has had such el mental development, how slavery of the negro did equally dwarf his self-dependence Immedi- ly following the emancipation of the slaves they were lgnorant and of child- fsh incapacity, as truly as are the Indfans today. The negro had been kept in dependence for many genera- tions--far more 50 than the roaming, hunting Indians ever were. ‘The negro was obliged to do as ordered by hix master; the Indlan was free to hunt or fight or roam the continent, re- strained only by enemy Indian tribes, or by the white man's “Indian reserva- tion™ If the environment and habits of elther black or red man tended to atrophy thelr intelligence and helf pacity, why 18 that waste so much w obvious In the Indian than in the gr0? The negro mental developm sinee freedom, has heei aging; today negroew excel I p slonal life, and aceumulato - not i inherit - wealth, Not the ent but enough to muke sharp contrast with the dependent Indinns, Yet tradition his habituated the Indlans (o T-mu(fl nlertness and dignity through the in- fuences of their condition than han been generally ncoredited to the sluves and thelr immediate descendanta Theieln lles lllyflal‘r. for the. study of the Advisory Counell of (he Depart- ment of the Interior win DU fortheoming report upon it That Individual Indians have demon- strated great capacity eannot be ques- toned. Bul the oulstanding examples have usually proved (0 he onz part ndian. For example, Renatol arles urtis, now & prominent candidate for forest-roaming 18 not it that throw light must beroan its fate in the best horti- | Charming, bent on | | She might have waited another day and seen the sticky liquid on the pcun\'[ race, and especially for the Mrs. Charm- | BACKGROUND OF EVENTS _BY PAUL V. ave been supplied by the Department | few of such “Infants” would | A &nmy officials of the Bureau of Indian | instinet | upon_ his | haps thelr | cut flowers, but somehow he believes that if one wants them he should have a cut-flower garden or rely on the florist. deans_of American horticulture, Prof. L. H. Bailey: “The gardener is one who grows plants, particularly one grows them for the love of it. He may ‘de and yet not have a hand- scme place. If he is able to accomplish both results, so much the better; but the real gardener always likes the plant because it 15 a plant.” Does sprightly, carefree, joyous and debonair Mrs. Charming = give whoops in the garden for all the plants that ever grew? To her a plant is just a funny old | thing that somehow ‘manages to fur- nish exquisite decorations for her table. If she stopped to think about the | matter at all, it would be to wonder | how the peony bush knew that the | Joneses were coming over for dinner, (and so obligingly and dutifully turned | itself to the job of producing an even half dozen blooms just in the nick of | time. “Nice of you. old thing,” she might say as an after thought. P Since the small garden is small, every | flower in it counts twofold | The satisfaction of seeing the plant | at its zenith and the enjoyment of its natural beauty in the place that it| grows more than make up to the other | | type of gardener for the lack of flowers Inside the hous The very comparison of the lasting qualities of Darwin tulips, for Instance, on the plant and in a bowl of water would lead this gardener quickly to make his choice. Two weeks of genuine beauty in the garden or two days of fading glory in g8 va |, The small Jandholder will not long be in doubt. Vet there is, of course, a compromise program, or, rather, two of | them. | This is fortunate, for no one, least jof all this same plant-loving person. would speak against the proper use of cut flowers. It is true that a small number of flowers, properly arranged, will look | better than a huge bowlful tumbled in | |a mass in the center of a table. This| offers a means of escape. Not only may the plant lover have his cake, he may eat it, too, in a sense. If his plants are thriving, there will be | enough bloom to permit the cutting of | several, Generally one or two flowers come at | |the rear. and these may be cut with no | loss to the beauty of the garden. Thought in the ayrangement indoors wi' permit one or two or three blossoms | to give the beauty of dozens in less careful han | The second method is that of the separate cultivation of a cut-flower gar- den, perhaps behind the garage or in| some out of the way situation. This {usually demands a place larger than the holding here considered. If possible. however, it offers an ex- cellent solution. In this side garden | | peonles, tulips, lilacs, together with all | sorts of annuals, may be grown for the | express purpose of cutting. Then the | gardener may have an abundant sup- i ply of flowers for the house and for/ friends without touching the beauty of | the real garden. COLLINS. ‘nomination to the presidency of the United States, is often spoken of as| | being of Indian blood. but it is declared at the Indian Bureau that he is only | | one-thirty-second Indian. ! self-made success, he cannot be very | ;" ood” Injun, under the interpretation | {often quoted " that there are no “good | Injuns” except dead ones, for Senator | Curtis is very much alive. He is a Kaw, or_one-thirty-second Kaw. Senator Robert L. Owen of Oklahoma is also part Indian, but the greater part | Scotch-Irish. He was elected Senator | by the unanimous vote of the Oklahoma Legislature. He s a Cherokee. Repre- sentatives Wiillam W. Hastings and Charles D. Carter are Cherokee and | Chickasaw Indians. The late Matthew | Stanley Quay, the political boss of | Pennsylvania, who died in 1911, was an | Abnaki Indian. G Eli Samuel | | Parker, & Seneca, was son of the chief |and grandson of the celebrated Red Jacket; he was a member of Gen. Grant’s staff in the Civil War, and as such he engrossed the articles of sur- render signed by Gen. Robert E. Lee. Many other Indians might be cited | who have distinguished themselves by | thelr mentality and successful amb ;Hon. S0 who dare say that the ractal dependence In general is proof that the Indian cannot be elevated inlo self- rellance and civilization? * v ok Nevertheless, the American Govern- ment has been attempting that feat of clevating the -Indian Jor a centur; and a half, while today we are stiil obliged to protect our wards as if they were Imbeciles, Beginning with the | study of Indlans as far back as 1759, we have not even been able to count | them with any degree of accul | number estimated In 1759 was 19,500, | and up to 1789 the highest estimate | was 76,000, The next “cens guess—was in 1820, which put the number at 471,000, but five years later the Seccretary of War guessed 129,000, | and from 1829 to 1886 the guesses have | l'l{l,lu(l;l about 330,000, since 1888, about 260,000, ook W Naturally new generations of Indians come into the world even more often than of whites, owing to their shorter | life-expectancy, hence there 1s a new | responsibility “and opportunity to ed- ucute the newly born papooses, every year. It Is alleged. however, that not until 15 or 20 years ugo was the work of educating them really begun. It is | that within the | Indians, through | actually become self- | | next education, sustuining | “They have made good progress [ recent” years, Today they own stock and poultry vlued at 3 There are 27.500 Indlans fa s 725 who are using | 23,762 meres for live stock ralsing The Indlans own $130,000,000 timber and many million dollar of oll wells, Yet the Indlans seem to be golng Into extinetion through disease, “even while under the paternal care of this | enlightened Government, ‘Their diet Is found deficient In preventive con- stituents to strengthen them against tuberenlosts and trachoma-overloaded with meats and starchy foods badly cooked, Former polieles of pauperigation by giving them ratlons and no incentive to work have been abandoned, and instead they are being (aught the modern principles of agriculture and | tralned n industelal pursuits. The In- dian Bureau Is now conducting for its wards one of the most efficlent sehool systems in the world, and it s con fidently predicted that the oncoming wenerntion will develop into self-sus- talning and telligent workers There In not unlimited optimism in (hat regard, mspired by observation of | Il ditions in Indiun how The old tribal organieation has been rgely wiped out, bul as yet the n tured Indians have not taken on the Amerioan white man's home and fumily relutions, Part of this 15 attributed o the very effort of the Indlan Bureau to wave the youth by taking youns voys and ghls out of thele hones (o spend years In bonrding schools. When they graduate and return (o the “blan- ket Indlans" they are ashamed of (helr barbarous parents, and the par resent the upplshness of thelr ed- d ehilldren, This constitutes one most difficult problems—how to the next I without oruelty to the present VOopyyinht, 1098, by rars will in live He recalls the words of one of the| who | an artist: he may be skillful as| two | i Views of New Senators On Peace Questioned | To the Editor of The Sta Next Autumn one-third of our Senate will be elected. These Senators for six years will be dealing far more with in- ternational questions than with prohibi- tion. Yet prohibition is usurping a place that has pushed out of considera- | tion those matters on which one-third of our Senate may profoundly affect the world. Again and again the requirement of the two-thirds of our Senate to ratify a treaty has defeated the will of a good | majority of the Senate and a good ma- Jority of our people. But for this tech- nicality, which an amendment to the Constitution should some time remove, world history would be essentially dif-; ferent; we should have repeatedly co- ' operated where we have stood aloof. | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERI Take advantage of this free service. If you are one of the thousands whi have patronized the bureau, write us again. If you have never used the service, begin now. It is maintained for your benefit. Be sure to send your name and address with your question, and inclose 2 cents or a stamp for re- turn postage. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau. Frederic J Haskin director, Washington, D. C. Q. For whom was Lewisburg, W. Va., named?—K. B. W. A. It was named for Gen. Andrew Lewis. The city was erected on the site of Old Savanah Fort, where Gen Lewls made a rendezvous in 1774 prior | to the battle of Point Pleasant. Q. Is the condition of the poor in Ireland improving?—S. P. S. A. Conditions in Ireland are being | sition of the minority. ' to which they are likewise to be uflel‘!d.{ We can go to war by & majority vote of | y\ych improved for the poor classes | Congress, but we cannot make a peace The passage of the Irish Free State treaty except by a two-thirds vote of | purchase bill continued that process of the Senate, though all the world be land distribution which has been in suffering because of the stubborn oppo- progress since 1870. Between that year | and the present, about 400.000 tenants Thus far little consideration has been | have become owners of their holdines given by party managers or the public, About 70,000 tenancies remain, and to the question of what our forelgn these will be converted into proprietor-| policy shall be, though at this moment | chips by the new measure. In addition, we are trying to negotiate the most|the condition of members of the agric delicate and difficult matters that have | tural tenant class now in possession of come up in lhl'l last l::,xhl years. Thf unproductive holdings will be improved Kellogg proposals to end war as a possi- e bility belween six great armed nations,| @. Why do goldfish sometimes come to the surface of the water’—L. G if carrled through, would lead to the ready acqulescence of the small nations' A. They come to the surface for and their doing so indicates the The majority of our people, with!o0f oxygen in the water. Often this | League of Nations with | “What fools these mortals be! [ the el o, scant perception of relative values, seem | a thousand times as much interested in | aviators, sport and things spectacular | and personal as in our making almost the greatest stride toward human_wel- | fare that the world has ever seen. They | fall to apprehend the significance of the stupendous changes that would be effected sooner or later touching every taxpayer on the globe if the proposals already adopted by Germany and being favorably looked on by other nations were carried through and solemnly signed and sealed, pledgln; some form of peaceful settlement of all future disputes. But even if all the other five nations accede there is no certainty that a skeptical and obstinate group in the Senate would not frustrate the world's hope. It defeated the good majority that voted for our entrance into the the Lodge reservations. It has created an un- necessary technicality hindering our entrance into the World Court. Has any consideration been given to the vital question of the views of sena- torial candidates at the next election upon the Kellogg resolutions upon our future policy as regards intervention? It seems likely that whoever of the | leading candidates for the White House is elected he will be a man quite as able and upright as the incumbent. A question of as great importance as the presidency on which the sole stress is now being laid is that 34 Senators, who may largely determine the future of the world, shall be men of vision and of the international mind. Let the voter de- mand early that their views shall be made known. LUCIA AMES MEAD. et —— “Let Clocks Alone’! Writer N To the F 2 Rzldlnhlhe letter of Mrs. Eugene Stahl in The Star of the 18th prompts me to add a few remarks along the came line. As several States and many cities in America have given daylight saving their support, I feel like offering some suggestions that I believe will have equally good, If not better, eflect on the common weal. First, as the moving of a clock" hands has such wonderful poten over time;.l suggest that it would be well for ‘the various crafts unions to try arrange contracts wherebv the father of the chapel or kindred official shall be permitted to run the hands of the office clock around a full week every other Monday. This would give the men six weeks' salary every mont! There is no doubt it would be of great public benefit, as it would increase con- suming capacity, and therefore create a greater demand for all commodities. Then it would enable many men to have an income who at present are afflicted by unemployment. The men holding regular jobs could leave as soon as the clock ground out their week on pay day and allow the “subs” to work for the rest of the real elapsed time. Second, I am in favor of clocks that could be rapidly run for a few minutes anu make up two or three years for the youth of 18 or 19 who longs for the age of his majority. Conversely, it might be well to run some clocks back 10 or 15 years for us old boys. ‘Third, it would be a good idea to carry this sort of mathematics into other lines. By increasing the quarters into dollars we could easily pay some of « long-standing debts. By doubling up our blocks Suggests we could I readily reduce the distance from our homes to our workshops so we could walk the distance in a few minutes and save much transportation cost We might even arrange it so we could come home around 9 p.m. after an all-niglt poker session-—that is, if we could give Dearfe the right kind of diamond wrist watch. ‘Then In the ofl business it would be so much nicer to increase the cubic content of the standard barrel, and, | holding the price up. allow the big com- | pany to get two or three times as much crude. This would cause less friction However, at the sam» time we should have a smaller barrel with which to measure the potential production of new fields. The headlines would be much more interesting If this were carried out nd some straln on truth could be r lleved. As dear old Puck was wont to say, And 1 agree with him, And yet, nevertheless, the same rule of 13 that justifies the turning forward of the clock to call seven elght will sustain all of the propositions set out. If you want to come to work at and go home at do so. But don't show v lony rs by thinking with the Ume-plece incldentally. I might add the United States Nav on board its ships has always practiced daylight saving, but it does not change ‘The Navy method is so sim- nd sensible—nothing ehildish about just plain, unadulterated horse sense —vig, In Spring and Summer start the day's work at 6 am and Fall and Winter at 7 am, Let the clock alone: follow the sun. Get the idea® Or is it too simple? JOHN MAHONRY, UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Years Ago Today e ® Ten British Moldavia, board, i the English ns e reported are killed as they slept, with no chance escape. Many otl wre saved by voys. * * ¢ Ameriean shipyards av- orage u steel ship & day, with a total output of 200, tons estimated for the month of May. * * * Elsle Jani stogs for men at the front i open-aly undaunted by booming of Ve armed merchant troopship with Amer troops on torpedoed and sunk in Channel and 56 Ameri« missing. Many rerta, guns or enemy planes overhead Allled patrols continue (o bring n pr oners At varlous polnts as a result of trench raids. ClOrmans ey out a rald near Bacquoy behind a heavy barvage and take some prisoners. ¢ ¢ ¢ Oosta Rica declaves war against the central powers, bringing the total number of | own nlmm n nations allgned against QGermany to 31 S+ % Hard rains In Flanders may de. lay the next German drive. Downjcur I8 turning the CGlerman shell-torn (er- Jaln Into bogh and swamps, happens when there are too many gold- fish in the bowl. . What will be the population of Greater New York in 1965?—N. B. A. It is estimated that by that time the population will be 21,000,000. Q. What plant was responsible for the old-fashioned milk sickness which who drank the milk of cows so affect- ed>—S. 8. N. A. It is fairly well established that the poisonous plant was one variously i known as richweed, white snakeroot | pool wort.*pool root, white sanicle. In- | dian sanicle. deer wort, squaw weed. | white top, or steria. | . ©. Is Russian Bank plaved with one deck of cards or with two?—H. G. It _is usually played with two | acks. There is a variation of the game | which is played with one pack. | ki Q. Who furnishes the money for the ! support of the leper colony in the Philippines?>—J. T. H. A. It is subported by appropri from the Philippine government. Q. How many people visit Linccln's tomb in Springfield, 11.2—A. D. H. A. The custodian of the tomb says that an average of 11.000 visitors a month registered at the tomb in 1927. Q. What causes static?>—J. A. M. A. Static is_a natural atmospheric interference. It is caused by stray natural electrical discharges traveling through the same medium. It is diffi- cult to tune it out of the way. It is more prevalent by day than by night and far more troublesome in than in Winter. Q. How many of the words in every- day use come from Latin>—H. E. A. Dean Wilbur of Geo: | ington University says that per cent of the words used in normal conversa- tion are of Latin derivation. | Q. What King of France | with locks"?—O. E. A. Filing keys. oiling bolts tinkering with locks was a | Louis XVI. Q. A claims there is only an ocean swell. B claims there is a land swell also. Which is right?—J. R. A. There is & long, smooth swell oc- iations “tinkered and such hobby of bed is not far below the surface for a long distance from the land. This is known as a land swell, and, though frequently noted in fair weather, it is due to deep-water disturbances from high winds. Q. How many American films are 'shnwn in France?—L. D. A. Last year 390 American films were distributed in France. Q. Is the Government paying anv | Californis A. M. T. made an appropriation of $250,000 for the Crescent City Harbor in California. Work has been golng on for some time ‘and this appropriation will speed up activities. Completion will not be for developed in cows and in human beings | curring along coasts where the ocean | of the cost of Crescent City Harbor in A. On March 23, 1928, Congress C ]. HASKIN. | & couple of years, depending on the | kind of terms made with contractors | and specifications for the work. Q. In what year did the Rockefeller Foundation clean up vellow fever in the port of Guayaquil?’—L. G. B. A. The Rockefeller Foundatfon in 1516 dispatched a commission to Guay- aquil to confer with local and nat posal was made in 1918. This was ac- cepted later by the Ecudorian officia and the propaganda was started short! thereafter. The story has been told b scientists that a bucket and tank bri- gade was started and it was only a sh time when they ¢leaned up and drained | the stagnant pools under the directs ‘01 Gen. Gorgas. | Q. How many tons of shipping. bt allled and neutral, were being desroyed by Germany at the time of our entrance | into the war?—8. C. T A. The rate of sinking at that time | was nearly 900,000 tons of shipping a | month, the total allied and neutral ton- | nage then being about 34.000,000 ton. and the rate of new construction on | about 177,000 tons per month. | . Q If all the Roman Catholics were | to vote for the same pi | date, how many votes w 0?—J. E. H | _A. There are about 18,000,000 Roman | Catholics in the United States. Abous half of them are of voting age. If a, were eligible to vote and exercised privilege, it would amount to abou 19,000,000 votes. Q. What American bird turns If; to white in the Wintertim from i - "A. The ptarmigan changes from | tawny buff to white. Q. What is the record for a mul rachute jump?—P. W. A. Recently a new record was estah- lished when 10 men jumped from a Ford all-metal plane at Chanute Field, Ran- jtoul, Ill, in the space of 8.2 seconds | This experiment is important in prov- ing the possibility of saving passeng in the case of accident in the air. Q. Is Alaska included in the conti- nental United States?—F. R. A. The term “continental United States” is merely one of convenience, and does not include the non-contigu- ous Territory of Alaska. b Q. When is the convention for or- | ganizations interested in the deaf to be | held?—W. N. F. A. The American Federation of Or- ganizations for the Hard of Hearing | will be held in S*. Louis June 18 to 22, inclusive, Q. How many miles of telegraph and telephone wire are in use in the United States?—I. C. | A. There are 2,035,000 miles of tele- graph lines in the United States and | 32,200,000 miles of telephone wire. | Q. What is the monetary unit o Haiti>—U. S. B. | . A. The monetary unit of Haiti is the gourde, which is worth about 320 | cents in American money. Haiti is on a nominal gold basis, but it issues no lma coin. This country uses as cur- | rency United States national bank | notes, which are redeemable on demanc |in American dollars. | Q. How did the expression “Learn b | heart” originate?—M. M. | _A. There are various explanations o: the origin of the phrase to “learn by heart.” Centuries ago the heart was regarded as the seat of emotions. Tha: which one learned by heart was usualiy something which made an especial &p- peal. In other words, one great: wished to retain the memory of it. Th heart was thought to be involved in the process. Q. Where did Katherine Mayo re- ceive her education?—C. 8. A. Katherine Mayo, the author ot “Mother India,” was educated in private chools in Boston and Cambridge, Mass Q. What is the difference between a prune and a plum?—W. C. A. The Bureau of Plant Industry says that the prune tree is a type of plum tree: that is, all prunes are plums. but not all plums are prunes. 2 those that will dry into the commercial product are prunes. Q. Do Frenchwomen vote?—C. A. A. The Chamber of Deputies ot France quite recently voted upon the question of grantir the suffrage to the women of France. It was decided in the negative. Frenchwomen do not | vote. 'Rail-and-Air Lix e Project Public interest in the projected rail 1-nd-ul. passenger service between New York and Los Angeles is stimulated by the knowledge that the plan has the backing of existing transportation re- sources and facilities. It is assumed that the prospect of success and quick | expansion is the greater because great rallrond systems are participating. its own financial and mechanical re- source: says the Detroit Free Press, ‘seems feasible and promising with ths | aie of railroads. And it is on co-opera. | tion between the two modes of trans- | port that the success of the re ir ! project depends. To have the Atlantic jand Pacific brought closer together by | half the time now required to travel the |distance by train will be far from a negligible benefit to the public. Travel- ing in & railrond sleeper by night and fiying in an air liner by day ought to safe and comfortable. Above all, the [ system will give commerclal aviation | footing which it could scarcely hav hoped to get so soon without the assist- | ance of railroads perhaps nothing would do so mueh | for aviation in America,” agrees the St ! Louls Qlobe-Democrat, “as to place be- | hind 1t the great financial resources of jthe ratlroads and thelr land and other equipment for the accommodation of | the public, That air service should de !velop in close co-ordination with exist- ! separate and Independent utility | would also bring advantages of particu | Iar importance. Probably u\l-phne | projects are as vel only tentative, bul jd scussion seems to show that thelr pos. | sibilities are being taken seriously. ‘The Pasadena Star-News declares that “men who manage and operate railroads are too shrewd to pass un noticed the development of air service. This must be reckoned with in futur continues the Star-News. “That t great rallway lines of the country will co-operate WIth air service in swift transportation in future there is every reason (o believe. This should be mu- tually helpful to the t forms of servs lee, and on the other hand should give the public the maximum accommodas tons In transportation ™ DR “The future of (his business depends upon_the public.” i the i'“""" Lot the Waterloo Tribune. It the publi takes (o 1t enlargement of the service can be expected. There 1s the advan- toge of time and the pleasure of break I monotony of travel. While it s & hurey-up n||x_ the passenger Is expected | (0 arvive at his destination without that | travel-w feeling, * * But the tmportant thing about this is that the| r-|‘umtn re«‘um\ alr travel, ¢+ ¢ And why not? Transportation is the, ailroad's business. * % * It (hs | new plan is found 10 be & suecess, who doubts but the railvoads will have thelr | n the not distant future™” g that this praject “proms one of the most important hs fses to be forward s i aviation taken by any eountry, pateh Columbus _Even “What aviation cannot yet do with | ing means of transport, rather than as | he | e | comments: Excites Interest of Public 1 soon will be holding her own with Eng- land, France and Germany in the mat- ter of aerial transportation of passen- | gers. Combining rail and air facilit: {1s a novel idea. and in the present stage of aviation development the safest and | most practicable in this country of v distances. Assurance of important service found by the New Bedford Standard “the character of the backing of t enterprise,” while the Youngstown V! dicator declares that “the surprisi i part of the plan is that it is not som | thing in the distant future, but that is being worked out now. and i | zation is not far off. | plains that paper, multi-motored. equipped with res service, and each capable of carry | passengers. * ¢ * Of course. only the beginning. We shall soon hav | not only one line to Los Ange: many lines run “The example of Ame nd alr transport compa he San Antonio Express. spread to Canada an those nelghbors are deeply inte | commercial would | operate with the 3 { development. Cuba clvil fiying and s bullding several & jports.” The Express is convineed tha { “both commercial aviation and the & {roads will benefit by adopting plans i furnish joint passenger serviee throw out the country.” and that “fiving alo well equipped airways is relatively a e as ordinary travel by land and sea | "It is one of the many developments | states the Raltimore Sun, “which show that the airplane is to play & great part | in this present-day world of ow but a short while ago were regar dreamers.” And the Wichita B “It was bound to come { merger of rail and airpt | transcontinental passage. The railroa let the automobile and motor [ Up o them & few years ago. and Were too wise to let the air te do Ly same thing." | SPerhaps i a few years the world FWIL see train sheds al rail termivals Lbullt in such & way as 1o accommoda landing flelds among them ™ savs @ St Paul Ploneer Press, while the New Orleans Tribune, tecognizing (hat “eow Petition between the rallroads and the Alr lnes for long-distance onger transport i tnevitable” halds that “eo- operation by the rallroads will make ehsier and more profitable the period of change and adjustment.” The Los Angeles Express vecalls that It SNt A great number of years agv that this uwr per paid an aviator & few thousand dollars to fiy elear actoss the elty of Los Angoles, so that a})lfl:m it | people might see an alvplane in and then, after tarning 1o the new de elopment, that seems but the