Evening Star Newspaper, September 25, 1927, Page 42

With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY.....September 25, 1027 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennavlvania Av New York' Office: 110" East 42nd Chicago Office: Tower Buildine Furopean Office: 14 Regent St.. London, England. The Evening Star with the Sunday morn- tng edition 18 delivered by carriers within 1he city at 60 cents per month: daily ovly. Siindav om0 tents - Tonth, | Orders may be snt by or Peanbons Main 600, “Colletion 15 made 1y carfier &t end of sach month. 45 cents per month Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland ard Virginia. Sund .1 ¥r. $0.00: 1 mo. Pally wnd, Sundar- -1 75 §3.88: 1 o Sunday on] yr.. $300: 1 mo, All Other States and Canada. s an 1yr. £12.00: 1 mo Pallz Bte 137 54500 o Sunday on Ly £4.00: 1 mo., Member of the Associated Press. The Amsociated Pr x entit to the ‘use f n of all ne B patches o ot othiersise cred- ted_in v <0 the local news published here ion of *special_disp The Great Building Program. In steady stages the project for the construction of a great group of Government buildings to house the departments and bureaus of the Federal administration in this city is developing. Plans have been drawn for the first two units of the group which will accommodate the Department of Commerce and the Internal Revenue Bureau. The Com- mission of Fine Arts will on Wed- nesday hold a special session in New York City to confer with architects and consider these plans for final approval. If the sketches are ap- proved. they will be returned to the Treasury Department for a last| scrutiny by the Secretary and will then be submitted to the Public Buildings Commission and to Con- gress. In the event the Fine Arts Commission sanctions the plans it is to be assumed that they will be definitely adopted and that work on the constructions will begin as soon as the sites can be prepared. While it may seem that much time has been spent in planning and ap- proving, it has not been wasted. For this program of Government con- structions is for all time and it is vitally important that the scheme adopted be the best possible, that each upit of the group be not only practically suitable for its uses, but should be a component of an har- monious array of constructions. It has taken nearly a quarter of a century to get this great work started, on the basis of a unified group of public structures, Only « within the past two years has a defl- nite start been made in the enact- ment of a general public buildings law which appropriates fifty million dollars for these purposes in Wash- ington. This amount, however, is| not believed to be the limit of ex penditures for this purpose at the! Capital. No estimate has been made of the cost of the buildings already in contemplation, those for the De- partments of Commerce, Justice, Labor and Agricylture, and for bu- reaus such as the Internal Revenue and for the Hall of Archives, which comprise the‘immedidtely prospective constructions.. ' Jt’ is quite possible that these will exhaust the fifty mil- lion dollars, the appropriation of which has been authorized in general " terms. Others will be needed. A new home for the Supreme Court and an- other building for the accommoda- tion of members of the House of Representatives are on the pro- + gram. Whether these are considered as falling within the fifty-million- dollar project is mot certain, In connection with the final ex- amination of the plans for the structures first to be erected, it is announced that sketches have been prepared for the landscape treatment of the approaches and the interior courts. The buildings will have a to on small loans is, of course, susceptible of being de- frauded in other ways. But in addi- tion to thoke who are preyed upon be- |cause of their ignorance, there are many others who do business with loan sharks, paying exorbitant inter- lest on their loans, because of their inability to horrow elsewhere. Thou- sands of smali-salaried persons wh keep no bank accounts and who lack ordinary credit at reputable banking institutions at times need cash, and the only way to get it is to apply to the loan shark. If he has no prop- erty the borrower virtually surren- ders his salary as collateral, and while he has no trouble in getting his loan, it is a long, hard grind to pay it back. The automobile has increased the possibilities fn the loan shark bu ness. It is a readily acceptable form of collateral. The owner of an auto- mobile finds no difficulty in borrow- ing on it, and to get the money need- | ed he often pays an interest which | amounts to as high as fifty per cent In addition to the legislation adopt ed to drive out the loan sharks, an other method would be to provide of lending money at lawful rates to the needy. It is a trouble some business and to_ some extent hazardous. But if the loan shark finds it so profitable, others should find it possible to make small loans at legitimate rates. There will al- ways remaln the unwise individual who sees the immediate benefit of ready cash without counting, or car- ing to count, the cost. Such individ uals will always remain meat for the loan sharks, the note. shaver and the ten-per-center, means P A “Safety” Exhibition. Baron von Maltzan, the German Ambassador to the United States, and five other passengers were killed in Germany Friday when one of the wings of their plane crumpled and they were dashed to earth. A week ago yesterday seven persons twere killed in the crash of a big Fokker plane near New Market, N. J. Both of these tragedies make doubly in- teresting the test held yesterday over Bolling Field, where nine Navy and Marine Corps aviators demonstrated the ease with which a passenger- aden transport plane may be emptied by jumping with parachutes, one after another, in the elapsed time of eighteen seconds. The experiment vesterday in no manner demonstrates, however, that death In the two re- cent accidents would have been averted by parachute jumps. In the case of the German accident, and barring: the human element. of timid- ity and unskillful handling of para- chutes, the passengers conceivably might have been saved by their use. In the New Jersey accident the crash was so sudden, the altitude so low, that parachutes would have availed nothing. But yesterday’s experiment does indicate that parachutes may be- come a great factor of safety on the part of future air line passengers. As it s today, jumping in a para- chute s no feat to be undertaken carelessly by an amateur. Skill is necessary in jumping clear of the plane. The jumper must know what he is about, lest the parachute be opened too soon or too late. The “ground lubber” views with consid- erable alarm the prospect of-jumping from a moving plane’ into’ spacs, Yrust.’ ing his life to a parachute which, for all he knows, may not open. Faced with the inecessity to jump, his in- abllity to arrive at an Instant decision might prove fatal. The amateur who victimized by | Dempsey, of course unwittingly, made f country. And the cla (THE ' EVENT} STAR high interest raty this possible by failing to Sbserve one of the tules of the Yiljnois Boxing Commission, which specifies’ that" & fighter should promptly retire to a neutral corner when his opponent is down. Boxing at the same !|me that §t entered the big business class seems also to have joined the category of highly controversial subjects. It should not be particularly difficult for the judges in a boxing exhibition to decide which their decision should be unquestioned. Partisanship is all right In its place, but when it reaches the ‘point of tn- sportsmanship in either boxers spectators, hecause of financial inter- est, it Is a highly disagreeable mani- festation. or et Wasted Talents. A young Spanish violinist commit- ted suicide In New York the other da because he could not find an engage- Me had exceptional -talents, could not play jazz He did not like jazz and would not learn it. He went about:from one to another seeking an opening and was turned away. Orchestra leaders did not want a mnon-jazzing, violinist. He found an occasional engagement at a church or at a festival, but he could not subsist on such earnings. After his death neighboring tenement dwellers sald that instead of going the moving pictures in the eve- ning they sgt on the steps outside of his window to hear him play. The fate of this unfortunate young man is suggestive that the public taste in music is away “off key.” It has been said that skilled instrumentalists have no difficulty in playing the modern measures, but that they greatly prefer the other styles. The people, how- ever, seem to want the erotic eccen- tricities that pass for compositions. Many a good musician is torturing himself with his performances. But he must do so it he will live by his art. For there ‘are others ready to take his place, not artists, but per- formers capable of rendering the oddities that pass for orchestral music nowadays. This youth was a failure in one sense, and yet is to be honored for his loyalty to his standard. He went on a strike, as it were, and lost, pay- ing for his principles with his lite. Probably those who are competent. to do better things could not win it they struck against playing jazz, for there are 100 many ready to replace them, amateurs, half trained, to whom fazz is the highest ‘expression and classic music is anathema. s Several statesmen who have been perfectly willing to discuss evolution, meteorology and the Einstein theory will possibly be ready to hold up Misaissippi River appropriations until they can satisfy their minds about details of topographical engineering. +one The Old World often takes an inter- est in the politics of the U. 8. A, as well as in its finances. Every Euro- pean city Mr. Walker has visited is heart and hand for his re-election to the position of mayor of New York. —————— Clemenceau even dancedsa few steps in his rejoicing. When a man is finely tempered he retains a certain elas- ticity of spirit. Even a Tiger at eighty may, for the moment, become a cub again. ment but he music. W to ———e— 1t {s regretfully admitted by Fanny Brice that icky” ~Arnstein has proved one of the most mischievous has flown once or twice is impressed With the difficulty of moving about in @ roaring plane, high above the earth, To be able to crawl to a perilous po- sition in the plane, when it is per- haps already circling down in a plunge, and to fling himselt free, trusting that ten seconds later the heavy pack on his back will trans- form itself into a dainty parachute to catch and hold him swinging in the air, requires a courage derived only from experience and familiarity with park setting. The northwest corner of the Mall-Avenue triangle will not be built upon, but will be treated as a garden frontage for the bullding that is to occupy the “five-square site” which flanks the triangle on the west. This policy of yielding space for landscape effects will yield the most satisfactory results, Within five years there will be tangible proof of the Greater Wash- ington of long-cherished hopes. It is possible that in that period two buildings will have been completed within the Mall-Avenue triangle and that perhaps the Department of Agriculture will likewise have been erected and put into commission. » > Others will doubtless have been started. Perhaps work will have begun upon the municipal center on * the north side of the middle stretch 6t Pennsylvania avenue between the Capitol and the Treasury. The pros- “ Pect is indeed one to gladden the bearts of all Washington. ———raee After the fight is over an argument is liable to start that will lead fo a combat to a finish without ring re- strictions or flnancial advantage. There is provocation enough for some such demonstration. Yet business in- stinct renders a professional fighter able to hold his temper sufficiently to avoid giving free exhibitions, ——— Fighting the Loan Sharks. The Russell Sage Foundation has Joined hands with the National Bet- ter Business Bureau against the a tivities of the loan shark and salary buyer. The Better Business Bureaus in the cities throughout the countr: are making a 1 attack usury, while the Sage Foundation re ports that twenty-four have passed its model small loan law and Maryland, Virginia and Wisconsin have enacted other legislation aimed at the loan shark. #ne evil of usury is widespread be- cause of the difficulties found in stamping it out. In the eyes of the ignorant person, the loan is the big thing, and the interest a quantity. Tk ice of discounting the loan at regular interyals and in small amounts is enticing, Its attrac- tiveness springing from the trait in human nature which has made Luying on the installment plan such . # » concer on tates negligible same the task. Today the pilot of a plane would rather trust the lives of his passengers to his own skill and the theoretical safety of his machine than to the possibility that they would all seek safety in jumping for the first time in parachutes. But by casting the mind back a few ars over the recent progress of aviation, it is not difficult to picture the time when air passengers will look upon their parachutes as uncon- cernedly as ship passengers now view the life preservers strung at strategic points about the ship. It required only eighteen seconds yesterday for nine men to leave a plane high in the air. To the man on the ground it was a courageous and picturesque performance. To the-aviators it was all in the day's work. Fifty years hence the reader of yellowed news- paper files will pause at the jtem, and wonder why it was mentioned at all! P Polar exploration is difficult and dangerous. It leaves more encourage- ment for a rescue expedition than a lost airplane. P ] Echoes From Chicago. With eleven dead from the shock and thousands discontented Wwith the | decision of the judges, echoes of the Tunney-Dempsey boxing exhibition are still being heard in all parts of the world. Out of the hundred and fifty thousand persons, more or less, who witnessed the encounter, therg are still many who think that Tun- ne actually knocked out in the hectic seventh round and that Demp- sey should have been declared the vietor, In the majority of cases it is prob- ably those selfishly interested, through bets or otherwise, who are making this claim, But po matter how many the squawks or how vocit- rous the protests, Gene Tunney etands today as the pre-eminent heavy- weight champion of the world, having very conclusively demonstrated his in both encounters with only supremac, Dempsey. It is unfortunate that so many ifs and buts are attached to an exhibi- tion of this sort. It w the same in the Sharkey-Dempsey imbroglio, when loud claims of foul were heard. In this particular case Tunney un questionably received a “long count” when he was knocked down in the little husbands an actress ever had. ————— No statésman who now says “I do not choose” can hope to convey the same thrill as that of the original remark. Whenever a Navy officer begins to write magazine articles all hands are summoned to man the blue pencil. .o SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Sic Transit! A hero was the whole world's favorite son. Upon page 1 Print told what he had done. The next thing that the reading pub- lic knew, Upon page 2 His honored name they'd view. The marvelous and merited display, From day to day, Still further slipped away. Now five brief lines that tell of him are seen, In type serene, Upon page 17. Years. v “Don’t you think you are old enough to retire from politics?” “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Years bring wisdom and I am old enough to know better than to make such a silly move."” Daylight Saving. There came a hope, sweet and sublime, ‘When we got “daylight saving time.” Alas, my hours have misbehaved. Where is the daylight we have saved? Jud Tunkins says a successful loafer is one who knows when to aet busy whether he js doing anything or not. The Menagerie. “Do you favor the elephant or the donkey?” P “Neither,” sald Uncle Bill Bottletop. T'm for the camel, who desires only water and lots of it. “The wisdom of our ancestors,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “might not seem 8o great were it not for the folly of their posterity. After the Sald Dempsey, unto Tunney. “What were the licks that you could land ' To make your fist look funny?” “There's nothing wrong about hand,” To Dempsey answered Tunney, “I sprained my wrist—you'll under- stand— ‘While counting so much money."” Susplcious Nature, “When I goes to church,” said Uncle Eben, “I counts de congregation, An' it dar's any member miasin’ 1 goes my @ popular business principle in this seventh round, but all will agree that bael§ home an' counts d¢ hen roos! the better man, and | “Why is the bandage on your hand?" Unpreparedness. “They that were foolish took no oil in their lamps.”—St. Matthew, nt living is almost, if not en- tively, dependent upon the kind of preparation we make. It is less a question of opportunity and privilege than it is of equipment. Two youths may start out with equal advantages and on even terms; the one will go far and meet and overcome all obstacles; the other will repeatedly fail and ulti- mately make shipwreck of his career. The reason is quite el The first gave himself assiduously to getting ready; he prepared and equipped him- for the contest of life. The sec- ond disregarded these entials and when opportunity knocked at his door he wasn't ready. We meet these two types in every walk of life. Prepared- ness is indispensable to our efficiency and our security. requently, it's the man who lacks early advantages who wins. 1fe wins in spite of, his diffi- culties, sometimes because of them. He will not waste his hours in ldle living mor in the gratification of his passions and desir He sees that only by stern self-discipline and pains- taking training can he m : He comes to realize that the race is not alwavs to the swift nor the battle to the strong. By hard and unre- mitting study he comes at length to master one of life’'s problems, and with a trained mind he finally attaipns his goal. If there is no “royal road to learn- certainly there is none to suc- Jesus Christ {h His parable of the wise and foolish virgins gives us a striking example of what we have in mind. They were all furnished at the heginning with precisely the same opportunities and advantages. They all had their lamps and they all were warped to be in readiness. The dif- ference in their situation was marked when they were cailed out for servic Five were wise and five were foolish. The foolish ones made no provision against the future; they were unpre- pared for an emergency. They were satisfled with the immediate condi- tions in_which they found themselve: THE WORLD’S How long will the world be able to feed its population at the present rate of increase? Such was the sub- ject of grave debate at a recent in- ternational conference at Geneva, Switzerland, the seat of so many of the world conferences of today Statistics were brought forward showing that the number of people in the world has doubled within the last century, increasing from 900.- 000,000 to 1.850,000,000 and that at the present rate of increase it should approximate 5,000,000,000 within an- other hundred years. That, it is stated by some of the experts, is the 1imit of population that can be sus- tained by the available food supply. Indeed, some of those who take a pessimistic view of the outlook say that the limit will be reached within a considerably shorter period if we continue to progress as we have dur- ing the last two or three decades in sanitation, control of epidemics, the reduction of infant mortality and the increase in the average span of life. The conference was supposed not only to ascertain whether or not the world is to become overpopulated, but to develp remedial measures that might be taken. It did not do much along the latter line, however.. Even those who profess the greatest alarm over the rate at which the huyman race is multiplying do not seem to know what is to be done about it. There were one or two birth control advocates conspicuous in the Geneva gathering, but little was heard of dheir theories as a measure to avert the overpopulation crisis. The more hopeful view expressed was that whatever the increase in the number of people in the world, science will succeed in developing new or additional food supplies so that there will be no danger of a world famine. Tillable Acreage Limited. The number of tillable acres in the world is, of course, limited. It is es- timated at about 13,000,000,000 acres. It is also estimated that two and one- half acre- are required to support an individual as food 1is produced at present, so that fixes the limit of the worll population at around 5,000, 000,000. About two-fifths of the world acreage is now under cultivation, which will take care of the present population and 100,000,000 or so more. Prof. E. M. East of Harvard Uni- versity, one of those at the confer- ence, who believes that the population problem is of immediate concern to the globe, does not believe much can be done in the way of developing new food supplies. “The production of cheap synthetic food is a dream that will remain a dream for generations,” he declared. “I prefer to call it a nightmavre. The potentlal food supply of the seas, lakes and streams is relatively unim- portant. The effort of the human race to_expand its aumbers is linited to the produce of about 13,000,000,000 tillable acres, and under present standards of agricultural efficiency is clear that the world can sus only 5,000,000,000 people, unless foreseen changes occur in our nomic system.” Others who participated in the dis- cussion safd there wir no reason to assume that under tle pressure of necessity the world's economic system would not undergo radical changes, and that séiencé and improved ag cultural methods would solve the population problem so readily that it would be recognized as a real problem. Large, or at least considerable, num- bers of people are living on most of the lands throughout the world which are favorable for human habitation, the principal exceptions®to this being Southern Siberia, Southern Brazil, Ar- gentina, Southeastern Australia and South Africa. With these exceptions the sparsely peopled areas are hot or cold deserts which cannot support large populations, says H. M. Strong, geographic expert of the Department of Commerce, The fertile hlack soil strip across Southern Siberia, he says, ean sup- port a_fairly dense population, but those lands in. Asia which are at present almost vacant will for the most part continue sparsely in- habited. This includes the greater part of Siberia and Northern Euro- pean Russia and the desert of West- ern China. Arabia, the Sahara, South- west Africa and the interior of Aus- tralia are deserts which can never be well people. Room in South America. South America offers a great deal of room for increase in the world's population, for the continent is on the whole sparsely settled. The vast unsettled region. of Brazil and Bo- livia, near the Equator, wil not aoquire a dense population under present conditions, however, and the southern part of Argentine, except near the Andes, is relatively dry. 'he section west of the Pampas is also deficient in rainfall, irrigation being necessary to produce crops. Three island areas of the wo! England, Java and Japan, are notab for their dense population, England’s being due to industrial development, Japan's to intensive agricylture and more recently manufacturing, and Java's to exceptional. natural re- sources and stable political condi tions over a period of years. En, land has 701.3 people to the square mile, Java, 682.5, and Japan, 39. un- eco- - EVERYDAY RELIGION BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D., Bishop of Washington. They took no short supply. The wise looked to the future. made ready for an emergency: they | preparedl, and when the sudden de | mand was made upon them they were ready to meet it. || The great Master was simply trying to show the value of a life so sanely lived, so fully supplied with the essen. tial things of character that at its end, when the testing came, it might | be ready to meet the great issue. The poverty of living is not dis closed in the circumstances that at tend our material possessions, nor is our wealth disclosed in the multitude of things we hold. There are men and women who lack the latter and vet are rich in the abiding things of character. They are prepared for life’'s great emergency. They themselves ready to meet a judgment that reckons the value of life by what it has of moral and spiritual wealth The five foolish v < in the para- they d the vessel they lacked was oil. The lamps might be objects of beauty; they were useless without that for which they were designed. We have known people who in their persons were altogether attractive; indeed, they had that which made its appeal. but they lacked something—something that was indispensable. They were without those stable qualities that can stand the test of trial and adversity. In a word, they were unprepared. The solemnity of this word of Jesus is heightened when we realize that He was speaking of what must come with the final climax of life. To be made ready for a fair judgment when all that we are shall he revealed; to stand and be appraised for what we |really did and were—this is what He would have us prepare for. Life has its great end. Tt is de- signed for something more than the accumulation of material things— these we must leave behind. Its pur- pose is the development of the soul, the building up of a character that can meet any emergency’or test. To be worthy at last to “stand before the Son of Man" prepared—that is what we are here for; to grow a char- acter and make it fit for the larger, fuller, freer life to which we are hastening on. POPULATION oil to replenish their They BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Java is of approximately the same size as Cuba and vet has 34,000,000 inhabitants, as compared with about 3,000,000 for Cuba. If continental United States had & density of popu- lation equal to that of England thers would be more people in this coun- try now than there are in the whole world. Three large continental area wise, have dense populations India and the greater part of excluding the northern and north- eastern parts. Northeastern United States within a line drawn from Bos- ton to Buffalo to Pittsburgh to Phila- delphia is the only region in the Western Hemisphere in any way com- parable to these three in’ density of population. The dense populations of Asia are based on intensive agricul- ture and relatively low standards of living, while the crowded conditions in Northwest Europe and to some ex- tent in Italy, have grown out of man- ufacturing, Here the people are not raising as much food and raw ma- terials as they require and with their high buying power they constitute the great import market of the world. The dense population in tropical countries like India and Java and the crowded conditions in some port cities of the tropics have given an exag- gerated idea of the large number of people living in these regions as a whole. The troples, in general, the experts point out, are rather 3 peopled, as”shown by a survey of the regions ¢ 3 in South America, Afric st Indies, though the coastal regions of Brazil and the sections around the gold coast in Africa are fai well inhabited. In these areas agriculture and mining have stimulated growth in population, while markets in the United States and Europe create a demand for the minerals and ciops they produce. Macao In Asia has 18,714 people to the square mile, but the area is only 4 square miles. Hamburg with an area of 168 square miles has a popu- lation density of® 6,564, Saxany, in Germany, has 805 people to_the square mile and an area of 5,78) square miles. like- China, iwope, ) Style Controlling Factor in Trade BY HARDEN COLFAX. Style is controlling sales in fully three-fourths of the merchandise of- fered by retail dealers of the United States and is increasing its impor- tance in lines where use of the term would have caused only mirth a few short years ago. These statements were made and not challenged bel a convention of the sales promoti group of the National Retail Dry Goods Association held here last week. Quality, durability, and the other factors intrinsic value still must be consid ered, but as between an inferior article which embodies style and a superior one which lacks the magic touch of fashion the turnover of the former will be so much more rapid than the latter that the - general statement does not appear exagger- ated. It has been calculated that some thing more than $750,000,000 will be spent in newspaper advertising in the United States before the present year ends. Of this, it is estimated that more than a fourth will be de- voted to the style of the commodities whose virtues will be placed before the public through the printed word and pictorial display. And as the fickle dame Fashion is ever changing, this tendency means that some 0,000,000 will be de- voted next vear to telling the stories of new styles. * oK Kok It is not alone the feminine eye which is attracted by style nowadays. The male of the species likewise is fairly hypnotized by fashion and follows its dictates; often un- consciously. But the canny business men who cater to the needs and desires of the consumers are fully aware that while women are style conscious, the majority of men are not, even those men who follow fashion sheeplike. The conscious act is always consid- ered better than the unconscious, so in several different lines of business there are deliberate movements under way to make men consciously awarg of the style factor, Style in millinery and dresses, in suits _and overcoats, long has been considered a highly important con- I sideration in merchandising. But it is only comparatively recently that style has entered largely into the le of kitchen utensils, doorknobs, oflcloth, baby carriages, cigarette holders and whatnots. At least one large automobile corporation, confi- dent that it has instilled public faith {in the mechanical merits of its prods ucts, now instructs its salesmen not to lift the hood of the engine unless requested specifically to do so by the prospect, but to pitch the sales talk on_style. The style question has taken on such added Importance that it ap- pears -certain -there will be added workmanship which make up SEPTEMBER 25. 1927 PART | made | ‘2 Capital Sidelights Summer visitors to Washington are rediscovering some very interesting and historic landmarks—for example, i Georgetown, the fence built from the barrels of old musket used in the War of 1812 and the ruins of the first foundry in this part of the country, which furnished guns, ammunition and cannon used in the defense of | the Capitol during the British in vasion, and which for years as rested | under a tombstone on which are in- scribed the Ten Commandments. The gun-barrel fence has just been repainted. It is at the northwest corner of Twenty-eighth and P streets and runs west in front of three houses on I street and one house in the r on Twenty-eighth street. The passerby, even many who »d along these streets for 3 ails to notice the unique feature of this fence, be 1se ' the gun barrels are disguised by a topping of cast |iron lance-heads. But the gun bar- rels can readily be detected | antiquarian and even by other seekers | for the unusual who look closely s | the construction of the fence. There re small profections near the upper end of each gun picket in the fence, which were the sights for these guns in their original use, The northwest 03 P street is said to have bheen erected in 1849, so the guns must have been old even when they were first worked into the fence that has done service for n a century. LR I have rner house at s that after the W of 1812 it was generally felt Georgetown deserved some recom- pense for the special services rendered when the Capital City was for the only time in its history in peril from a foreign foe. But the Government, being too poor to make any consid. erable expenditure, salved its con- science by anrnouncing that any citi- zen of Georgetown was welcome to help himself from the great scrap- heap of iron and steel lying in the navy vard. Evidently the owner of this Georgetown property, with fertil, inventive genius, was not at all bs ward about helping himself in whol sale quantities from the Government junk pile, for the pickets in the fence made from gun barrels are too numerous to count. his tradition not only explains the unique fence, but also the presence of the United States coat-of-arms on the ironwork of many a century-old Georgetown building. * Kk kX Tradition s The Summer sight-seers have traced the gun barrels back still further, to the foundry whence they came—and after which the Foundry Methodist Episcopal Church, at the southwest corner of Sixteenth and Church streets, was named. Half a mile west from the ruins of the old Aqueduct Bridge at Thirty sixth street, which marks the site of the old Georgetown Ferry and the wharves from which richly laden ves- | sels used to sail to the Indies, even hefore the seat of Government was established here, and when Geor town was already of considerable im- portance both socially and financially as a thriving port of entry, are the ruins of the old Foxhall foundries, with some of the foundation stones still standing, on which was erected the marble slab inscribed with the Ten Commandments. Henry Foxhall was an Englishman, who for a time had been a partner of Robert Morris, signer of the Declara- tion of Independence, in the Kagle Iron Works in Philadelphia. He moved to Georgetown and established the only foundry then in operation south of Philadelphia. When the War of 1812 broke out, Foxhall got the Government contract for guns and ammunition, and also furnished an important part of the cannon used during the war. * Kk X X When news. came that the British were marching upon Washington. this_pioneer foundryman quite nat- urally feaved ghat because of his na- tionality his foundries would be the special mark’ of British vengeance. e was a devout attendant of the Georgetown Methodist Episcopal Church, and made a vow that i his foundries were spared by the British he would erect a church of his faith in the Capital City. As the British were. blazing and pillaging their way into the Capital a violent storm struck them with cyclonic fury which hurried their progress into the Capital, leaving the foundries unscathed. Foxhall fulfilled his vow. That same vear he selected a plot of land on the northeast corner of Fourteenth and G streets, where the Colorado Building now stands, and had erected upon it a substantial brick edifice. This he named “The Foundry Church,” professedly in remembrance of the historic foundry in England where John Wesley held services. But throughout its entire life this church has awakened memories more directly of the old Foxhall foundry whose preservation as a_source of supply of munitions for the Govern- ment was the inspiration for building this church as a thanks offering. This original church was twice rebuilt and enlarged, in 1848 and 1864. Even the Foundry Church, as it oc- cupies its excellent location on Six- teenth street today, remains the gift of ienry Foxhall, for, when the old strueture was demolished in 1902 to make way for office building, the value of the property had so enhanced that the purchase price more than paid for hoth land and erection of the present church. impetus hehind the request of Con- gress next Winter for a_law to pro- le, using the term in its e, from being pirated. * ok x % The design copyright bill has been the subject of ) 1y controversy for several years. As drafted two years ago, the bill aroused the women of the Nation to a high state of ex- citement because they feared it would permit such close monopoly of style as to endanger their precious prerogative of copying. In reality, the measure never was intended to have such inclusive scope. As a matter of fact, fashions are created not by their use by a mere handful of individuals, but by more extended use. It is fashionable to wear a cerfain style only because others do_so. : But there is a fleld of style where exclusiveness without heing drawn to the extreme is the lifeblood of the cre- ators. This is the design, as.distinct from the manner in which the article is put together. The amended design copyright bill, which has been circulated about the country among merchants and manu- factur and women's organizations and some men's trade associations during the Summer and which is to be infroduced when Congress meets, does not attempt to protect style from being copied, e pting in wholesale quantities in certain cases, but it does seek to protect unauthorized copying for commercial purposes of designs, whether of dress goods, men’s w fabrics, or stoves. A firm which spends several hundred thousand dollars a vear in employing designers (o create something new and attractive appears to have some ground for complaint when this design is copied in a cheaper materal by some other firm as soon a it gets on the market. It is hoped to afford legal protec- tion in cases of this kind without making it impossible for milady to have her dressmaker copy any style of dress she chooses, thus giying a méthod of quick style insurance to business on the one hand and spar- ing the feelings of the ladies on the other, loose ser (Covyright: 1927.) sual | ars, | The Married BY BEN McKEL It has been remarked that in Wash ington an organization or a group of particularly strong-minded individuals may so successtully agitate a qu, tion that on the surface the agitation appears to he the sentiment of the city, and so remains unless there is deeper digging. Deeper digging as often uncovers the fact that a large majority of the city's residents are either uninterested or their views are found to conflict with those of the agitators. And, bearing this in mind, the Hoard of Kducation some time {ago decided that in future it would {conduct informal referenda on ques- tions in which the public is primarily concerned and where the sentiment of the public will serve as a guide to | the board. The most important ques- ion on which the board is now await ing public expression through the | elty’s business and civic hodies gon- 1y [ cerns the policy of retaining married | | teachers in the public school system. During the Fall meetings the citizens’ organizations have been asked to an- [swer prepared questionnaires on the subjeet. The board will found its fu- ture policy on the result of the referendum. The most Interesting phase of the married teacher question is that it does mot constitute an educational problem, nor dos it affect the effi- ciency of the teaching personnel. If the teacher is inefficient, her status as a married or single woman is not considered. The board may bring about her separation from the serv regardless. As far as teaching effi- ciency is concerned, there is no line of demarkation between the married woman and the unmarried woman. But there are two other elements in- volved. One is the economic consider- ation of filling positions by married women, thereby denying them to a large supply of unmarried women. Another is the social question, or whether it is to the best interest of humanity to have a married woman, who theoretically is supposed to devote her time to raising a fam- ily and supervising the home, di- vide this time between the home and the exacting demands of the school. The agitation of the ques- tion by those who insist that the married woman should not fill teaching positionis is confined mainly to the economic and social side. The Board of Kducation wants to find whether these economic and social considera- tions transcend in their importance the educational problem, and if so, loxs;dnpt a policy in accordance there. with, * oK ok K The economic side of the matter involvéy the normal schools and their purpos® in Washington as’ institutions support®d by the taxpavers. There is now a large supply of teaching material turned out annually from the normal schools, and the supply is greatly in excess of the demand. This is particularly true of the Miner School, ‘which graduates upward of 140 students a vear, qualified to teach in the elementary grades, and from whom only 25 or 30 can be appointed. There of course, teaching posi- tions outside of the District which may be filled and are fillad by some of these excess graduates. This raises the question of whether the District is to support its normal schools as t large, or whether it is to restriet the number of students at the normai schools to those who can be used, upon graduation, in the local schools. As it is now, many of the young woman normal school graduates find them- selves without hope of employment in the District schools, one reason be- ing that some ‘30 per cent of the teaching personnel is made up of mar- ried women who, according -to a gen- erally accepted rule, should be sup- ported by their husbands. Much of the agitation for separation from the service of married women is coming from the relatives and friends of the young colored women who graduate annually from the Miner Normal School and who are denied positions training institutions for the country | Reférendum Proposed on Teacher Question in the Washington schéol aystem He cause of the large supply and re tricted demand for teachers. Their teacher pay in Washington is highe than in many other communities, There is_ likewise the social prob lem, and along with it & lot of what a good many solid citizens will be in | clined to cail bunk. It is a fact more or less firmly established that the | so-called lower classes are the busiest lat the t of having children, and | that the ratio of large families is inversely proportional to the ability of the parents to raise the children. Therefore, that class of humanit from which the supply of teachers-is drawn should raise children. Q. E. ) The theory is that what the worid | needs is more children from this class |and fewer from the others. But the married teacher who attempts to fu! | A1l her duty by having children and teaching too is also susceptible further attack. The complaint is ma that she cannot raisa her own chil | dren and teach other pecple’s children {at the same time. She is, therefore automatically placed in the pret of neglecting either her own children or somebody else’s children, either « both of which, of course, is highly reprehensible. * ok K K In addition to the theories concerr ing married teachers, there is an ac tual administrative problem. L. Spring there were some 60 teachers on maternity leave. Some of then after one maternity leave has expir £0 on a second maternity leave. Their places must he kept open for tk n the schools, and when they return their substitutes are often thrown ot of employment. With the number of students constantly increasing. this problem has not been as serious as it may become when the yearly of ‘school children remains m less fixed. But the number of m teachers is constantly increasing Those agitating for the remov married teachers want the ol re-established which called for t tomatic separation of teachers the service upon marriage. This was overturned by a court dec but the decision has since been preted in some quarters as not infri ing on the power of the Board of I cation to lay down its own polic The opponents of married teach would retain those now on the roll but would prevent teachers from mar- rying and remaining hereafter in the service. numbe rule A om * ok kW ‘While agitation against teachers has been active, it is | ter of serious doubt as to whether it | will get anywhere. Some of the hest teachers in the service are married. It is not believed that the economic or social aspects of the question are seri ous to the extent of building a strong public sentiment which in turn will | force the Board of Education to change | its policy. One may easily imagine |the tremendous rumpus on the part of those dedicated to rumpus making | #hould a Washington Board of | cation ses fit, in this day and age, to discriminate against a woman because she is married. Congress would hardly have the temerity to lay down a rule against the married women, if Con. gress were asked to do so. The Gov- _firnm-m departments have never done | it openly—they would hardly dare! In the civil service examinations there is no consideration of whether the ap- | plicant is married or single. Sex, as {2 matter of fact, is considered only | when specifications for positions call for a man or woman. The question of appointments is an administrativ one for each department or independ- ent establishment to decide. Other things being equal, it is understood that single women ‘are generally pra ferred because of the matter of d vided interest between home and work But no Government department hat vet openly laid down the policy of sep- arating women from the service be- cause they are married. The cabinet officer who inaugurated such a policy would deserve the heartfeld sympathy | of his critics. There are so many jcleaner, nicer ways of effacing one's self. marr mat This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. Perhaps no animal in the world is as graceful as the house cat, certainly none more so. Every movement of the domestic cat is a miracle of grace, a deft use of muscle, bones and joints to achieve a fixed purpose. The cat thought. As far as he can, the cat thinks his way through life. He never blunders through, as does the dog. Curiosity, of course, often leads the cat into trouble, but that is his limita- tion. If he were able to reason con- secutively, he would never pry around as he does. Your average house cat knows very well what he can and what he eannot do in the way of physical feats. Jack Spratt, for instance, never at- tempts a leap unless he is sure of it. Once he wanted to get into a win- dow box from the ground. 1le ran forward and looked up at the_ho: Now, no cat in the world could have made that leap, and Jack soon saw that he could not. It was interesting, then, to see him look, first right, then left, as it delib- erately looking for another place from which to attempt the leap. He looked left—saw the fence—de- cided against it. Then he gazed right—took in the eps and porch, and, seeing they were higher, decided in their favor. With determination upon his white face, Jack gracefully ran up the steps and hopped to the porch railing. LY This maneuver, however, brought him so to one side that he immediate- ly sensed that he could not make the jump from that angle. So he ran down the steps again, sat back on his haunches and gave a petulant meow. Those who watched this performance believed that they had witnessed not only some graceful action, but also a plain piece of ani- mal reasoning. We have been told similar tales of cat thinking, or sensing, whichever one wants to call it, and every one in- terested in these creatures can recall similar instances. On ‘a par, in interest, with the “thinking” of the cat in such cases is the supple ease with which the creature goes through his evolutions. Recently Nipper I decided he want- ed to get on top of a sectional book- case. As Nip is a little fellow, the Jjump from the ground was much too much for him. Kven the larger and more powerful Spratt cannot negoti- ate it from the floor. Nip, therefore, hopped to the back of the davenport. Once. there, he took off for the top of the case, but misjudged the distance badly—at least, so it seemed to us. He hit the glass of the top section and fell to the floor, a most astonished look upon his solemn young counte- nance. Then we realized that Nipper had not ajmed for the top of the case at does nothing without all, but had simply mistaken clear glass for empty space. Svidently it was his first encounter with glass. He learned a great deal, too, for without a moment's hesitation he jumped to the back of the wfa again and took off once more. This time he made a pretty leap to the top of the case. Once there, he seemed satisfied to look down with déep interest upon the ;;x‘\dlo speaker a couple of feet below m, Fifty Years Ago In The Star The following paragraph In The Star of September 18, 1 77, paints a I rather unlovely picture of | Shabby the parks of the Capital Parks, Years ago: ; “There can be but one opinion as to the justice of the charges made by the .Washington correspond ent of the New York Times against Commissioner Casey of shameful neg- lect of the public grounds, with exception of one or two pet squa In the vicinity of the White Hous In the other parks, circles and re<er- vations, as truthfully stated, instead of well trimmed lawns and fine foliaze, tall ramk weeds have overrun e grass, choked the flowers out of ex ence 'and now wave on high the triumphant heads and scatter ti prolific seeds in all directions. T neglect of public property is prope:iv characterized as simply inexeusabio and it will result in the destriction of much of the ornamental vegetation with which the public parks were < abundantly stocked and 4t such e expense, “‘We hear it stated. by the way, that the commissioner of public buildings and grounds hoasts that he will able to turn in at least a thousand dollars of unexpended appropriations ax the result of his failure to keep 1he grounds in proper condition. As the loss to the Government property from his disgraceful neglect of the grounds must be many thousands. of dolla this saving would he economy wi vengeance. In common fairness should also return his salary to the Government, for it is not casy to <ce where he has earned a penny of it.” * * % “From present indications The Star of September 22, 1877, “it is Many Visitors quite evident that Washington, during Expected. the approaching ses- will be sions of Congress, crowded with a large number of visitors and sojourne:s We learn that the inquiry for houses is almost unprecedente that there has been no such de- mand since the war times. The para- Ivzed business interests of the country demand important consideration at the hands of Congress, and from what Wwe can gather it is quite certain that the varlous business industries of ths country will be Jargely represented in the character of our visitors this Winter. This class of live American h A . savs | - iseme. representing the capital, busi- ness industries and lahor interests of the country will, it is hoped, exert a healthy influence in shaping im- portant legislation in the in- terest of the whole country and the Winter's work is likely to be quite in contrast with the war of poli- ticians of the Jast session of Congress. If this is a Government of the people, by the people and for the people, ther there has never before heen a time when the people’s material interests were more in need of proper consid- eration by the National Legislature than the present. Now is the time for business men to come to the front and mere politicians remain in the r We can assure the country that ‘Washington is in excellent condition 0 accommodate. all visitors and that the beauty, comfort and attractions of our-city will imgress them all with a feeling of pride in the grandeur. progress and development of their National Capital. Come oni* PR