Evening Star Newspaper, September 25, 1927, Page 12

12 ORY EDUGATONA DRVE IS PLANE Prohibition to Be Discussed in Colleges and Universi- ties Soon. uences of pay il in classes of socie dents “unfort 1o “preserve « privile anged 1 "rving Carpent Student Counc 1rohibition from headqr ing here last u certain “privile drinking hout regard 1 legal standards cnstoms 10 s real meaning to stu under Warner al secretary with headqu city, will begin work 1 Carpenter announced, Pennsylvania Ohio and Il the di educa- 260 Institutions Reached. anization reached its pro 4 that arial force and it is hoped to to at least 500 in he explained, are than two vears elves © student thinkir Dbeen They take 1 1o stuc ms and the n the viewpoi vement from ites Cover Eastern States. During the vear all of the States sissippi_Rive of the W § s as well “A new generation has come on ®iready that ‘knows not the saloon But it has gained the impression th conditions are as bad, not better, tha they used to be. It was anticipated that ‘the new generation' would look 1o ‘the old days’ with emotic or at the willingness to drinl they will cove east of the Mis 1 colleges in man) alcohol and to license its sale: but too | many now, having little background of drink consequences, are in danger of reacting in the opposite way. Thev are ready victims of those who en- courage defiance of prohibition for the purnose of bringing it into disrepute,” Mr. Carpenter said. Mr. Carpenter, who graduated las: year from Bucknell, is now a student of Drew Theological Seminary. BANK OFFIéER SHOOTS MAN FLEEING ARREST| Chase Through Downtown Chicago Follows Presentation of Check to Be Cashed. By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, September 2 from the First ) threatened with arrest, Joseph Ross who posed as a former University of Chicago professor, was shot and prob. ably fatally wounded today by a bank policeman’ who pursued him through panic-stricken Saturday shopping crowds to the corner of Madison and Dearborn streets, where he was over- powered by half a dozen policemen ax he tried to run into a department store. Ross, 37, formerly of Pittsburgh fled through the crowded bank lobbv end into the street after presenting a check to be cashed. He was pur- £ued by a bank policeman, who fired several shots as Ross emerged into Dearborn street, one of them striking him in the back. Ross paused momen. tarily, but resumed his flight knock- ing down pedestrians as h» ran. He finally was overpowered. The man had posed at the hank as Dr. Rudolph Altrocchi, former profe: sor at the University of Chicago, and at present connected with Brown Uni versity lost a check for $300, drawn on .he First National Bank of Kansas City and indorsed by him. Ross presented the check to open an account at the First National Bank here. Payment on the check was stopped by Prof. Altrocchi. LENDER OF BLANKETS DOES WELL IN RAIN Jobless Berlin Man Makes Money Allowing Stranded People to Use Shelter. Correspondence of the Associated Press. BERLIN—Max Schulz, a jobl Young man of the Berlin borough of tional Bank when | A month ago Prof. Altrocchi | THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, SEPTEMBER 25, 'WORDS HELD KEY TO IMAGES | AS MENTAL RE ! 35 ) {Dr. F. Russell Bichowski Finds People Talk Con- tinually to ’Selves. Borderland Between First Sensation and Completed Picture Is Probed. Do you talk to v The chances are nay not know 1 probably that you do. You vihing about it—but are cartying on a con tion with yourself most of the Otherwise e doi even thout it is likely which you will he more h to admit—still w nything about it If you weren't talking to yourself or doing this other thing, the world around yvou would be a hopeless blur of forms and colors without definite meaning. A tree would not be a tree but an incoherence of brown, green aind twisting cylinders. Implications of Theory. Such, at least, are the implications of a theory of the mechanism of con- sciousness which has been worked out by Dr. F. Russell Richowski, a mem- ber of the staff of the Naval Rescarch Laboratory, who for several years has followed this complicated hranch psychology as a personal hobby Bichowski helieves that his ments, carried on with volur among his friends. have resu ed in what is tantamount to a new theory of conscious: it least a 1re definite understanding of pre § particularly sist sch as “an relations = or he “tual physic Consciousness awareness of long way from ons who are not psychol . take the faet of consciousness for granted he avernge man looks out of the window ind sees in*the pasture a certain com bination of white and black arranged a roughly cylindrical shape. a cow. So far he is aware knows instantly that it is a cow does not think ahout it, so far as he knows, ‘the slightest fraction of a second. He has seen cows all his life | and knows exactly what it is | Rather Complicated Function. the heginning. But actually a very intricate piece of machinery, the human brain, has [to perform a rather complicated func- | | tion before the observer knows that | the black and white spots arranged on the roughly cylindrical form consti- tute a cow. The time element hardly | lenters into the mental processes which “!mn!forn\ the incoherent mass of | shape and color into a cow, and the individual is not aware of them. | It is in the vastly complicated bor- | derland between the first sensation re- ceived by eve and ear an! the com- | pleted image, when the individual knows what he is looking at, that Dr. Bichowski’s experiments have been | conducted. In the case of the cow in the pas.| | ture, according to Dr. Bichowski, the | first sensations of color and form | transmitted from the eye to the brain | are incoherent. There is nothing to hold them together. Something must happen in the brain to co-ordinate these sensations into a definite picture of something. Must Say Word. | Generally, Dr. Bichowski has found from his ‘experiments, the observer | first must say the word “cow’ before | he knows that he is looking at a cow. The repeating of this word is like press: | {ing a button in the brain, releasing | | mechanisms which automatically bring | | the color and form sensations together | |into the completed imave of a co Ordinarily the word “cow"” s | spoken audibly. It is formed in the | brain by the familiar group of sensa- | tions, but it shut off before it actually | reaches the lips. Nevertheless, this | | constitutes talking to one's self, mentally. Words, he believes, are the | | mental buttons, the pressing of which | | makes possible coherent images. In some individuals the structure of consciousness works out in a different Dr. Bichowski finds. One of his ts was unable to form an image of & cow from the first incoherent sen. | sation until he first had formed: the | | image of a ship. In early youth this | | individual had spent a great deal of | tit> on shipboard and had received | his first impressions of cows in nau- tical surroundings. His mental proc set in a definite groove by these | | esses, | Tempelhof, hopes every day for cloud- | bursts or at least heavy r mean jingling cash for him. 8chulz has hit upon the idea of ap- Pearing at strategic street corners, armed with horse hlankets, whenever a sudden cloudburst or unexpected rain storm surprises his fellow citizens. As they seek refuge under an over. & roof or entrance to a building, Schulz politely steps up and asks, “Would you like to have me see you home? If you will wrap yourself Into this blanket, the rain won't touch you Gratefully the pedestrian and awards his benefactor with a sub stantial tip. mal shower T earn about per hour,” Schulz claims. “But when is a real cloudburst, T make 10 to People e 50 happy to reach home with their clothes dry that they pay me handsomely.” Schulz borrows the horse blankets from different livery ins. They - . Floods did $1,250,000 damage to rail- ways in_Aus 0000, attractive ranging in size from two rooms, reception hall, kitchen, bath and bal- cony, to four rooms, kitchen, reception hall and bath. Several apartments, very Service unexcelled and prices reasonable. THE ARGONNE | | accepts, | “In the course of a nor- | ve marks | This is the time of vea Heater to room, take the chill out « and brighten dreary days. | tle of the train, then the SEARCH RESULT BICHOWSKI early experiences, always picture a cov wainst the background of a ship an never against the background of en pasture. So when he gets th first incoherent sensations of colo ind form in his brain he must firs construct the ship scene before he i aware that he is looking .t a cow and then transform his cow image against the background of the pasture, with which he became familiar later in life. Instead of saving “cow imagine a ship before he knows what oking at Speed N But the spee most infinite nition of cow instantaneous. he is early Inflnite, of the brain is al individual's recog He doesn’t recogniz iy of these mental phenomena tak- ing place unless he js serving as the subject of an experiment, when he makes it his business to analyze his own thought processes, Most sons can delve into their own minds in the same way by looking hastil around the room and letting the eyl ht on some familiar object—say the It may be pos > interval during which flashed across the the observer knows what The phenomenon more definitely by he must | and pasture is actually | the | at something white | a black background. The sen- s of shape and color do not a meaning until something has happened in the brain. In such an experiment it is possible to recognize the two Jevels of consciousness—the pre-sensation or jumbled mass of color and form sensation without defi- Ty nite meaning and the structural level | where the observer is aware of the nature of the object, its total background. Sounds result in images by a simi- lar process. First comes the whis ord “train,’ then the picture of a train in the mind. There is a difference bhetween soind and vision sensations in their evolution into images, Dr. Richowski believes, although it is so intangible that it cannot be described. together with Twins alike In every detail, even to blood pressure, G. and L. Ellis, stu- dents of patent law in Glasgow, Scot- land, were born in India 26 years ago. 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