Evening Star Newspaper, January 29, 1927, Page 6

that time, once in spite of the Coolfdge landslide of 1924. WIill the bid now made by Mr. McAdoo for the dry leadership be successful, and if so, will it breathe life anew into the political fortunes of the former Secretary of the Treas- THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WABHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY....January 29, 1927 ' THE EV THEODORE W. NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Office: 8t. and Pennaylvani ork’ Office: 110 East 42nd St. icago Office: Tower Building. | Ruropean Office: 14 Regent St.. London, Eugland. 114 New s with the Snnday morn- . ia deliverad by iers within at 80 \centa per month: dajly only (3 r_month: Sundays only. 20 cents er month Orders may be ment mail or slephone Main 5000. Collection is made by carrier at end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable In Advance. Maryland and Virginia. P {ly and Sunday. ..1yr. $0.00:1mo. Duly only ... e 6.00: 1w Sunday only All Other States and Canada. iy and Sunday..1 yr.. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 aily only ... 1. $8.00: 1 mo. Bunday only 1yr. $4.00:1m Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusivelv entitled 1o the uaa for republication of all news dis- fatehes craditnd {0 1t or not otherwise cred. trd in this paper and also the local news prdlished herein. Al rights of publication of special disnatches herein ars also reserved Public Library Appropriations. An especially gratifying feature in the District of Columbia appropria- tions Dill as reported to tae Hause of Representatives is the better recogni- tion of the needs of the Public Library. The bill does three important things for the librar In enacting the revised library 1 last Spring, Congress included & provi slon by which the money collected from readers as fines for keeping books out beyond the allotted time will, after July 1 next, be covered nto the United States Treasury and will no longer be available, as hereto fore, for expenditure by the library trustees for library maintenance. Such collections have now reached consider able proportions so that the loss tc the library would be scrious but for the fact that the bill carries an- equivalent in the form of direct appropriations, The appropriations commitiee has nlso provided for sufficlent additional personnel to enable the trustees after July 1 to bring to an end the closing of the central and branch lbraries every Wednesday afternoon. This closing was a measure forced upon the library more than seven years ago. As the library staff was then s small that it was necessary to curtaf’ service at some point, it was decided that closing a partial day midweek would be the least objectionable. The constantly increasing demands for library service have, however, always far outstripped the personnel provided, 50 that it has never before been poss -] appeal ury? There Is not the slightest doubt | that the drys will wage a bitter fight | against Gov. Smith and his wet cohorts in the next convention. The Adrys must have a leader. They cannot beat somebody with nobody. Is Mr. McAdoo the most avallable and the most desirable selection? i Mr. McAdoo has been regarded a friend of labor, as progressive In his tendencles. As director general of raflroads during the war he won many supporters {n unifon labor | circles. Both Woodrow Wilson and Willlam Jennings Bryan. the out- | standing progressive leaders of their | party in the last thirty years, are | dead. Doubtless Mr. McAdoo will| strongly to many of thelr| supporters. He is a man of tre-| mendous energy and of much politi- | calacumen. He has seized opportunity | by the forelock in his declaration on the wet and dry issue. No other leading Democrat has taken publicly | of Ohlo, whose friends, if not the governor himself, have been fiirting with the idea that he was to be the dry Moses to lead his party out of | the wilderness next year, has held | off and has made no bid whatever for national leadership. Mr. McAdoo has struck the first blow. The next| month or two will tell whether the dry element to rally to his support for the presidential nomination. The Woman's Bureau. Bills to establish the Woman's Bu- reau of the Metropolitan Police De- partment have for too long a perfod | latn inactive In the House and Senate. | n February, 1926, exhaustive hear- ings were held on the House bill, and | in June the Senate hearings Were com- eted. The House bill has been favor- ably reported out of committee, but + it lies buried in the mass of ma- terial “some day” to receive attention in the south end of the Capltol. No report on the bill has been made by | the Senate District committee. | The fundamental purpose of the bill | is to afford the Woman's Bureou of the Police Department a legally de- fined status in the community. To such a purpose there can be no valid objection. The value of the bureau to the National Capital has been fully established in the years during which 1t has, in effect, operated on a “trial” basis. That its usefulness should now be recognized and its future assured by lifting it from the category of an experiment on the part of successive Commissioners to a plane of recog-| ble to catch up sufficiently té do away with Wednesday closing. The public properly expects that a public library, eispecially in the National Capital, will be kept open all day and every day. As memories are short, many people go to a library on ‘Wednesday afternoon only to find it closed. That the appropriations com mittee has provided a way out will b & matter of widespread satisfaction. Another welcome provision of the House appropriations committes is the fund needed for the opening of a branch library in the Eastern Higl School, for service to the general public of that populous neighborhood. That school has been open about fou years. In accordance with the original plaxs, a fine large room just inside the front entrance was fitted up witt library furniture, but it has during this period been standing idle and unused because appropriations for library service and books have not heretofore been provided. The board of trustees and librarian of the Public Library are making plans, subject to authorization anc sppropriations by Congress, for ar extension program which will enable them to furnish library service con- venient to the entire population of th District through an enlarged syster of branch libraries in separate build- ings and in school buildings and rented quarters. The appropriations committee has in the District bill afforded much needed relief in doing away with the Wednesday closing, anc permitted an important step forwarc in the provision for the Eastern Hig} School branch lbrary; it has also b its wise action given hope of a liberal mttitude toward the further progress of the Public Library's extension program. r——— A notorlety seeker s frequently found In the attitude of a person seek- ing to start a small crime wave of his own. - McAdoo and the Drys. William Gibbs McAdoo has thrown down the gauntlet to the wets in his own party, and more particularly to Gov. Al Smith. In an address before the Ohio Bar Association in Toledo vesterday, Mr. McAdoo pictured New York as leader in a nation-wide wovement to nullify the eighteenth amendment to the Constitution. 1is address has been interpreted as bld for the leadership of the drys in the contest which is to come for the Democratic nomination next year. Politically McAdoo's fortune appeared to be at a low ebb f ing the Democratic national conven- tion in 1924, He took practically no rt the campalgn that ye sailing for Europe immedlately after his defeat for the presidential nom- ination. When he returned he was 11l. He did not leap into the cam- palgn for John W. Davis with speeches in the West, whe needed desperately. in that campaign did not commend itself to many of the Democrats who had been his supporters. Al Smith of New York, who more than any other man halted the McAdoo machine in the Madison Square Garden convention, has been recognized as the head and fore- front of the wet element in the Democratic party, chief executive of a “wet” State. Gov. Smith's political presidential M - in of iov. star has continued to rise during the | some in the first stages. Only by hold- | two and a half years since the nom- inatlon of John W. Davis as a|pany in quarantine for a period could | himself and|it be assured that the disease would | sald Uncle Eben, “but you won't hear between Twice he has been compromise AMr. MeAdoo elected Governor of New York nln\ nized and legalized permanency s both fitting and wise. Objection has been voiced to cer- tain of the less vital provisions of the bill which deal with the internal ad-| ministration of the bureau, the num- ber of policewomen to be emploved, the pay and rank of the director and | assistant director, etc. There is no reason to believe that differences of opinion upon these matters could not readily be ironed out. And that much- to-be-desired legislation should be permitted to smother to death on| Capitol Hill for want of an effort m" reach agreement on certain pro-| visions of relatively minor . im- | portance is deplorable. . The Woman’s Bureau, operating with | the primary object of correcting those conditions in Washington which make for delinquency, has, even Wwith a stafft of obvious numerical inade- quacy, completely and creditably justi- fied its existence. The legalization of its status by legislative sanction is a reward to which it is fully entitled. | There is no mors valuable contribu- tion to the solving of today’s national crime problem than the preventive- protective function of an adequate and efficient Woman's Bureau in the metro- politan center. Congress should enable Washington at least to play its part in progressive civic develop- ment by assuring the community a permanent and adequate Woman's Bureau. —_— A seat in the New York Stock Ex- change used to be regarded as costly. In some parts of the country a seat in the United States Senate comes very much higher. v The United States Senate is in & | state of disagreement, which includes | its own me:mbership as well as the wide, wide world, i e | Influenza Epidemic in England. | News coming from London of the | prevalence of a severe epldemic of in- fluenza is calculated to cause some un- | easiness in this country. The disease | appears to be on the increase, the of- | fictal death toll in the County of Lon- | don having risen steadily during the past three weeks, with 72, 137 and | 197 fatal cases, respectively. Reports | from 105 large towns for the same perfod show 326 and 470 deaths. This last week there were in England 667 deuths in all. 1t would appear from these figures that the disease 1&; chiefly prevalent in urban centers. In some of the poorer districts of Lon don people have had to stand in line to obtain death certifics Concern is nat in this country lest the n be brought from overseas as occurred in 1918, when influenza after iaging in Europe crossed the Atlantic and took a terrible toll of lives in this country There 1s nothing in the news accounts to prove that this present outbreak | is of the same character as that of | felt e ot nine years ago, though the heavy mor- tality might serve to suggest its iden- tity | Unfortunately there are no preven- | tive measures save a rigid quarantine to keep the disease out of this country. | It develops very rapidly after initial | infection and & single case on ship- | board might affect large numbers of people in successive impulses, so that by the time of the arrival of a steamer | at an American port there would. be | ing such a ship with its entire com- not enter by that means. In the light of the devastation of | squad has used motor so clear a stand. Gov. A. Ve Donahey | * |the fastest machines |made and with a dependable NING 1918 all measures possible should be adopted to keep this scourge at a dis- tance. The rapid rise of the mortality | figures during the three weeks of prev- |alence in KEngland shows that the }DXHSUP has not lost its potency there, | It 13 still to be dreaded. oo Motors, Radio and Crime. Scotland Yard, which is regarded the world over as one of the most highly efficient police organizations, is squarely up to date. Sixty fast motor cars fitted with wireless apparatus are now being bullt for the use of Great Britain's criminal detection service. Heretofore Scotland Yard's flying yeles, with the disadvantage of limited carrying power and no means of communica- tion. The new cars will be the speed fest that can be buflt and will permit instant communication with head- quarters at any point on the road, while affording facilities for concen trating a force any given point without delay. In this country the criminal has lately been having the best of the fight, using the fastest cars and thus out-speeding the law. It is seldom a police cir overtakes that in which a lawbreaker is fleelng. Cap- ture is usually effected only when the fugitive crashes on the road. The police must depend upon the telegraph or telephone for sending information forward to head off fleeing law- breakers. It would be decidedly a good thing for the American police to be equipped, as are the Scotland Yard officers, with that can be radio outfit that can be used at any polnt to reach headquarters. Crime is not so prevalent in England as it 1s here, and the means for fighting It are more efficlent. In this respect Ameri- can civilization is a good lap behind. R The Chinese would be fortunate to find a “dictator” who could handle warring factions as firmly as Judge Landis handles quarrelsome ball play- ers. Sports occaslonally appear to en- joy an advantage over the serlous business of the world. — . Next on the calendar comes the “ground hog,” whose reputation for veracity is but fragile. His prelimf- nary demonstration lends zest to the birthday celebration of the unswerv- ing George Washington, o A favorite phrase among speakers is “the United States of Europe.” The idea fs attractive, and should de- velop topics of world mportance on which the states of Europe can abso- lutely agree. . A larger congregation than ever awalts Almee McPherson when she speaks. Her publicity was hard earned, bit it is proving worth the trouble. e Any one who doubts the proverb “Wealth does not bring happiness” mhould ask the film comedian who has gotten into the courts. i A really expert burglar can keep s few blocks ahead of the police as he robs on from shop to shop. B SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Police. I am longing for the dear old days de- parted, ‘When a crime wave did not make s0 big a splash; * ‘When police were more contented and light hearted, Yet quick to capture malefactors rash, Perhaps we'd hear it very softly ru- mored That vigilance might be not quite complete. It was mentioned in a manner not Il humored, . A policeman, maybe, slept upon his beat. Each night the brutal burglar's get- ting busy, The bootleg bandit starts a running five; The traffic crossing makes the watch- man dizzy, Of “mysteries” we positively tire! And so, I'm longing for a past so pleasant, When rogues with impudence did not compete, As in the roaring and unruly present, And a copper took a nap while on his beat. Avoiding Change. “Do you ever change your mind on a public question?” “Very seldom,” answered Senator Sorghum. “As far as possible I avold admitting that I have made my mind up.” Mint Patch. “What's the use of a mint patch?"” “No use,” sighed Uncle Bill Bottle- top. “It used to excite anticipation. Now it only creates suspicion.” Fruit Crop. She was “the apple of his eye, A “peach” is something cute I must confess, as time goes by I'm growing tired of fruit. Jud Tunkins says an egotist is a man who believes in himself—and who usually gets fooled. Proper Reticence. “Do you send post cards to radio station?” 'No,” answered Miss Cayenne. n't see why I should express private opinfon of a xylophone, a har- monica, a ukulele or a saxophone when I don't know anything about either.” “We invented gunpowder to scare people,” said Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “and then we invented mah- jong in a vain endeavor’to calm ‘em down." Law of Averages. | George Washington could not reveal | A fib, More recent politicians spiel Ad lib. “Folks may talk behind yoh back,” ;'sm if you keeps goin’ straight for- ward."” \ | (independent), STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, JANUARY 29, 1927. BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. If This and That were written as broadcast stations broadcast, here is the way your column would read: Ladies ‘and gentlemen of The Star audience, this is The Evening Star printing This and That by Charles E. Tracewell. | The title of this evening’s subject is | “Radlo Announcers.” Mr. Tracewell | believes that the purchase of 11 crys. | tal sets, 5t miles of antenna wire, | to say nothing of a_one-tube set and | a five-tube affair and two loud speak- | crs, entitles him to say something upon the subfect. Mr. Tracewell, who fs well known to The Star audlence, has been with this baper for 13 years, and is proud of it. Tt may interest you to know that Mr. Tracewell, who was born in In- dlana, Just like Will Hays, has always regarded 13 as his lucky number. Like Napoleon, he believes in his star. We now present Mr. Tracewell, e e e ‘We happened to mention to an astute gentleman the other day that we had just completed an article on the position of talks in radio broad casting, mentloning tl we regarded them as bores ourselves, but that a ;nrr@xpondenx had spoken up in their avor. The radio speeches I hate,” the gentleman instantly responded, “are those by the announcers.” No doubt there are a great many ons who (cel exactly the same about it. Many listeners-in have been heard to declare feelingly that announcers talk 100 much. Do they talk too much? The tiresome speaker may bore some one for 15 minutes, but the an- nouncer, like Lord Tennyson's brook, runs on forever. Morning, noon and night in the broadcasting studio, the mellifluons voice of the announcer is heard. He tells us the name of the station, where it is located, exactly and precisely, and the, name of the orgunization that is playing. He gives the name of the conductor, the title of the composition and the name of the composer. Then, if he is feeling espectally festive, he gives a brief account of the composer's life, with date of birth, early history, chief compositions and his place in the mu- sical firmament. Sometimes he ends up by telling us how much we are going to enjoy the composition. We love that L S You are reading, ladles and gentle- men’ of The Star audience, the daily This and That, written by Charles E. Tracewell of The vening Star, the oldest, largest and best newspaper in_ Washington. He has just given you a prelim- inary survey of the tribe of radio an- nouncers, and will now tell you in detail of his scientific experiments with them. Mr. Tracewell. * K K ok ‘We have always been willing to be- lieve, however, that the most lenient criticism should be accorded broad- casters, especially announcers, for this Is a new art and science, and has made such wonderful strides that we can all be proud of it. With this in mind, we determined the other evening to find out definitely just how much of the hour the an- nouncer occupled. It was precisely at 6:05 p.m. East- ern standard time (how fond they are of saying that!) when we sat down in | the easy chair with a watch in one | hand, a pencil in the other, and a! sheet of paper in the other—er, both. | The second hand was what we were interested in. We were going to “time” the announcer, just as_one, might do a runner on the track. Here | was some 65 minutes to be given to dinner music. How much music would the announcer deprive us of? x X X x This is The Evening Star, printing the This and That of Charles E. Tracewell. Mr. Tracewell Is always | glad to hear from his friends of The | Star audlence. His desk is running over with letters, but there Is always room for more. Let Mr. Tracewell hear from you. This is the only way he can be sure he s pleasing you. He likes con- structive criticism, but, just between us, he likes constructive pralse a great deal better. Sure! We all do. L N In opening the dinner program, the announcer consumed exactly 45 sec onds, speaking the names of the orchestra leader once. We noted all this down. Twenty seconds was given to describing the beauties of the “Vienna_ Beautles” waltz. Frankly, we were disappointed. Our private opinfon had been that any announcer whomsoever never took less than 3 minutes to make the most simple announcement. And here was a chap up in New York actually de- scribing the beautles of Vienna beauties In a mere 20 seconds! This would never do. L R The aning Star, Washington, D. C., with offices, presses and o on located at Eleventh street and Penn- sylvania avenue northwest, directly across the street from the Post Office Department Building, presenting This and That. It may interest you to know that this is the 875th consecutive article to be written by Mr. Trace- well under the title This and That. Numerically speaking, this is con- siderably more than 200 better than Messrs.* Addison and Steele managed to do. p * ok kK At the conclusion of the waitz, the announcer took only 30 seconds to announce, the next offering, but he mentioned the conductor’s name twice. We should think a man would be ashamed to hear his name 8o many times! The next time our announcer did better. He took 45 seconds, and mis- pronounced the name of the com poser. The next trip consumed 45 seconds, with the conductor's name given twice. Seventy-flve seconds was taken out the next time, director named once. The next announcement was given in 30 seconds, and the next, signing off, in 10. The total, therefore, was exactly 300 seconds, or 5 minutes for the an- nouncer, as’contrasted with 80 for the music. 'Draw your own conclusions. We have none. * k X % Ladies ands gentlemen, you have just read Mr. Tracewell's article, adio Announcers.” When The Star carrier boy delivers the next one to your door, tell him how much you enjoy reading it. He will not be a bit interested. Lausanne Treaty’s Failure Raises Question of Future The refection of the Lausanne treaty with Turkey by the United States Senate has resulted in a spirited debate between supporters of the minority in the Senate, which prevented a two-thirds vote of ap- proval, and the advocates of ratifi- cation, who feel that even an inade- quate treaty would be better than no treaty at all. Questions are ralsed as to the future status of Americans in that country. The opponents of ratification woud demand Turkish re- forms before establishing permanent relations. “In rejecting the treaty,' ing to the New York. Herald " (Republican), “a minority 1 the Senate sacrificed common-sense di. plomacy to ancient prejudice and ran- cors. Most of the opposition to this settlement was based on die-hard enmity to the new Turkish republic, not for what it has done but for what was done under the malevolent or- der which it overthrew.” The Herald Tribune holds that “the chief op- ponents of the treaty have never been able to reconcile themselves to the failure of the effort to revive the Ar- merian state,” and it insists that “it is fiuntastic to keep relations with the new and already partly modernized Turkey hanging in the air merely to register regret over the fate of Ar- menia or moral indignation at the crimes of vanished Sultans and their satellites.” *“All the other Western nations,” suggests the St. Joseph News-Press “have accepted the treaty, though not all of them liked it. They have given up extraterri- rial jurisdiction. The United States an hardly expect that the Turks will confer upon it alone the special privi- lege of extraterritorfality.” The Los Angeles Express (Republican) makes the added point that ‘“‘experience proves that playing a lone hand s as poor business for a nation as for an individual, “If the United States refused to have diplomatic relations with any nation which did not give scrupu- lously fair treatment to its religious and racial minorities,” in the opinion of the St. Louls Post-Dispatch (in- dependent), “most of our diplomats would have to be either pensioned or fired.” The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin (Independent Republican) di- rects attention to the fact that “the temporary agreement under which rights of Americans in Turkey are defined will expire soon, and the United States will again be without treaty relations, while the path for negotiations will be made more dif- ficult by this action.” * ok ok Three ‘“‘major grounds” on which the treaty was opposed are cited by the New York World (independent Democratic)—"(1) that it failed to pro- vide for the fulilliment of the Wilson award to Armenia; (2) that it falled to provide guarantees for the protec- tion of Christians and non-Moslems in Turkey: (3) that it failed to provide recognition by Turkey of Amerlcan nationality of former subjects of Tur- key.” The World declares that these “reasons do not justify our faflure to act,” and it states further: "It is time for us to learn to think of Turkey as a nation that has won ker independsnce and cast off the galling ‘guarantees’ once worn by the sick man of Europe.’ We must learn to deal with modern Turkey on equal terms and to meet problems of citizen- ship one by one by negotlation.” The Pittsburgh Sun (Independent Demo- cratic) suggests: “Speculation will grow in other lands over the possi- bility ‘of making a treaty with the rord- ibune | conceded that *“the Turk ha United States un any subject. Such speculation is unjustified. “Of course, we can make treatles. We merely take our time about it. The Isle of Pines treaty, for instance, was rati- fied after 20 year: Give us time. Give us time. Don’t rush u In opposition to the treaty, the Ralelgh News and Observer (Demo- cratic) arfues: “Those credulous peo- ple who belleve the Turk has reformed need to learn more about the true feeling in Turkey. That country sided with Germany in the World War, it lost nothing in the struggle, and when peace came it entered upon a mur- derous and cruel policy toward Chris- tian Armentans.” “To_ have ratified the treaty,” says the Greensboro Daily Record (inde- pendent Democratic), “would have been equivalent to an acceptance by this country of the principle of dip- lomatic equality for Turkey. It is a grave question whether the majority of the American people would approve acceptance of such a principle. It is to be regretted that such an attitude by this Government may work some hardship on Americans resident in Turkey and on investors in that coun- try, but it is unavoldable.” * ok K ok The Syracuse Herald (independent) recognizes that the ‘“reasoning on be- half of ratification was based on the general proposition that half a loaf is better than mo bread,” and says of the Senate vote that, “though it represents only a minofity of that body, it is a victory for the organized protesters who refused to listen to any and every plea for compromise.” The Loulsviile Times (Democratic) states that “opponents of the treaty represent it as being unwarrantable concession to the highhandedness of a government in Turkey which has. no better right to recognition than the | government of Moscow, inasmuch as | Turkey is under a brutal dictator- ship.””" The Times also avers that “it hardly can be doubted that Mustapha Kemal Pasha's government is no im- provement upon that of Sultan Abdul Hamid,” but 1t concludes that ‘“we should have some arrangement with Turkey,” and remarks that “doubtless it would be poasible to negotiate a treaty that would meet some of the objections of opponents of the Lau- nne document. The 34 Senators who voted against ratification would not register their onsent to what they felt to be a public_humiliation,” says the Savan- nah Press (Democratic), while the Lansing State Journal (indépendent) remarks that, while “missionaries op- erating in the Near East were mostly for the treaty because of the prac- tical standing it would give them, here in America the churches of all kinds whatsoever pretty solidly united against it.” The Charleston Evening ~ Post (independent Demo- cratic) observes that treaty advocates an im- possible record and could not be’ ad- mitted to decent international society on its character showing,” and poin to “a rage or a.panic at mere sug. gestion that the United States should recognize Soviet Russia.” “If you should want to do any business with Turkey at any time soon,” according to the Fort Worth *ecord-Telegram (Independent Dem- ogratic), “you cannot get any pass- ports, and there will be no place in all Turkey where you may have your mall attended to by a consul or a minister who is there to serve his nomadic brethren who are never con- tent unless they are somewhere that should call for a battleship or a covey of devil dogs, so they may get back home.” ———— | what Encouraging Sign of the Times. From the Boston Transcrint. One of the encouraging signs of the times is to be found in the refusal of some, at least, among American news- papers to print the detalls of New Vork's latest exhibition of disgust- ing depravity. - Likened to Battle. From the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Frank L. Smith fs beginning to un- derstand what the battle of the Marne was like. .P THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover. Although Congress is one of the, outstanding phenomena of the Capital City and the people of Washington live next door to lative n chine, how clear are thel ideas of its functions and workings? ay ; we observe it from i the columns of the newspapérs or the Congressional Record, but do we really comprehend it is all about?” If we are doubttul of our knowledge or under- standing of Congress, or if we should like a clearer interpretation of Con £ress by one in whom we L confidence, then we have prepared for our purpose a little hook by Repre- sentative Robert Luce of Massachu- setts, entitled “‘Congress P planation.” The volume consis five lectures given at Harvard - versity on the Godkin Foundation. Mr Luce 18 known as one of the most scholarly and thoughtful members of Congress. He had previously pub lished under the general title ‘“The Science of Legislation” two volumes with the specific titles “Legislative Procedure” and ‘“Legislative Assem- blies.” Two other volumes, not yet published, are to bear the titles, re- spectively, “Legislative Principles” and “Legislative Problem: great work forr ary part of the library of the advanced stu- dent and the practitioner of Govern- ment, and will be found of interest to many a general reader. Those who lack the time for the larger work will find in the more recent and smaller book much of the fruit of its author’s ripened studies and wide experience. L et Mr. Luce's lect cessive titl “The Genes atute,” “Laws and ‘Exception pending the Public Money,” “Lead- ership” and “Criticism and Remedy. Nowhere has the Booklover seen so goud . justification of the American ernment, providing for of pow between Congress, as opposed to an system of cabinet government, advocated by Woodrow Wilson for’ the United States. In view of Mr. Luce's admission that ‘possibly Congress is in greater dis- favor today than at any previous period in its history,” his last chapter will be of special interest. He points out that this is a world-wide phenom- enon, since all legislative assemblies share in_such unfavorable opinion. In this chapter he also analyzes the causes and tries to discover the remedies. Among his points are that nowhere has democracy brought about the millenium, as men seemed to ex- pect; that so-called popular education has been superficlal and too much directed to the abnormal, that the newspapers have not been fair toward the real work of Congress, that the problems of Government constantly multiply and become more complex and that criticism showered upon. Congress has not led promising “ouns men to choose public lifo as a career. Among the remedies Bf- fered are the prohibition of campaign expenditures except as supplied by the taxpayers, the keeping of good men in office indefinitely, o that young men may think of Government as a career as honorable as “that of religion or medicine or any other al- truistic calling. We shall presently admit * * ¢ that it is as proper to aspire to make laws as it long has been to interpret laws. When legislative schools stand on an equal footing with law schools, the country will have better law makers.” * ok ok * One of Mr. Luce's suggested reme- dies has special application to our local situation. He points out that one of_the difficulties faced by Con- gress ig the minute detail into which many lws go. He suggests that this situation might in many cases be met by the adoption of the plan used by the British Parllament, known as the tem, by which statutes are confined to general prin- ciples, and executive ' departments are authorized to apply these pri ci~les and work out the necessa rules and regulations, subject to legislative annulment within a speci- fied time. Mr. Luce thinks that such a provisional prder system would be especially applicable to such matters as the affairs of the Disgrict of Co- lumbia, bridge bills, pensfons, correc- tion of military records, much other private legislation and the admini trative details of revenue and bank- ing laws. He asks: ‘““What possible objection could there be to applying this system to the affairs of * * ¢ the District of Columbia * * *? Alone of all the cities in the land, it does not govern itself. There are valid and sufficient reasons for not giving it self-government. Congress should and will control its affairs. But it is absurd that the mitiative in many of its trivial matters should be confined to a congressional committee. What harm could result if ordinances and budgets and the other details else- where intrusted to city councils should here be prepared by the Dis- trict Commissioners or some group esnecially chosen for the purpose, to take effect if not vetoed or modified by Congress within a fixed time?” Mr. Luce: also suggests that the iniatiating tody might in Washing- ton consist of “several hundred men and women named from every kind of serious organization in the city that our citizens' assoclation: Working through an executive com- mittee, he says, “with its recommen- dations passed upon by the full body, the results ought to be a well-digested program embodying the wishes of the citizens as a whole.” This would afford Congress worth-while relief, he says, since the Hou$e undertakes to glve to District matters two days a month—*not enough for the District and too much for the House * * * The simple remedy is for Congress to exercise only the veto power.” * ok Kk Has the power of the white race in the world begun to pass? Will it become steadily less in the future? These questions are answered af firmatively by Maurice Muret in his book, “The Twilight of the White Races.” He sees abundant evidence that the Occident is going down before the Orlent, as Rome went down before the northern barbarians, but he is not in a panic about it. If nothing can be done to stop the process of decline, at least there will be the long twilight of Summer, not the short twilight of Winter. During the twilight, the white race will still ac- complish much. enjoy much, live much. Monsieur Muret does not see a conquering Asia sweeping over Europe and beyond, destroying all Western civilization in a grand satastronhe. The conflict will be long and often interrupted and, as in past race replacements, the conquerors will be influenced by the ideals of the conquered. He does not offer the cheap consolation of ‘“After us the deluge,” but says: “No, the white race, in spite of its fauits, has not vet said its last word, and although it is surrounded by enemies dally more numerous, more powerful, more prepared to fight, it may still add to the benefits it has conferred on man- kind.” res bear the suc- * ok K ok Indian_music is the Inspiration of vVachel Lindsay’s latest volume of verse, “The Candle in the Cabin,” as it _was of the two earlier volumes, “Going to the Sun” and “Going to the Stars.” The margins are decorated with pen drawings, symbolic of emo- tions exp) in the verse. In his preface Lindsay says of his drawings:, “I have mised the letters of the alphabet. capital and small letters, upkide down, in circles, on top of one an@ther and all sizes! In short, ar;:u plgtures: are - written, not . the natlonal legis- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. Has the American Bankers' As- sociation a budget for family and in- dividual use?—L. D. A. It has not worked out any| budget plan because there has been such a lack of agreement on the part |of persons who have devoted con- siderable attention to the subject. | Budgets worked out to conform to | living conditions in one part of the United States are not at all suitable for other sections. Q. What temperature would a ther- r{\'nmo(er register in a vacuum?—J. M. Q. A. The Bureau of Standards says that radiant heat wiil ‘pass through a vacuum, therefors a thermometer in a vacuum will eventually register the temperature surrounding the walls. Q. Are English walnuts grown in Michigan?—E. D. A. English walnuts are not grown commercially in Michigan, although a few trees are found in the southern part of the State. It has too cold a climate for the nuts to be grown there on a large scale. The principal producing State is California. Q. Exactly how many degrees north and south of the Equator are the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn? A. The positions of the Troples of ‘ancer and Capricorn on the earth re determined by the obliquity of the ecliptic—that is, by the angle be- tween the plane of the earth’s Equator and the plane of the earth’s orbit around the sun. The Tropie of Cancer is a small circle around the earth parallel to the Equator and di- rectly under the sun at its greatest declination north of the Equator. The Tropic of Capricorn is a correspond ing circle directly under the sun at its greatest declination south of the Equator. Due to the fact that the obliquity of the ecliptic is constantly changing the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn do not have permanent po- sitions on the earth, but vary from year to year. The obliquity of the ecliptic in 1927 is about 23 degrees 26 minutes 56 seconds, and o the Tropic of Cancer is 23 degrees 26 minutes 56 seconds north of the Equator and the Troplo of Capricorn the same distance south of the Equator. Q. How much did Raphael geceive for “The Transfiguration”?—F. B. L. : A. Raphael's remuneration was $1,650. This was considered a large sum. Q. When aid English troops first land in Belgium in the World War?— E. K. A. Two British army corps were Q. Why is the fsland on which th~ Statue of Liberty stands called “Bed loes’ Island"?—L. N. A. Its name is that of ome of iis early owners. It was ceded to the United States Government for harbor defense purposes, and was once occu pled by Fort Wood. Q. Are there two Winston Church —8. F. B A. Yes. One is the American autho who lives in Cornish, N. H. other {s a British statesman 111 Q. Where was the first race track in the District of Columbia®—M. M A. The first appears to have bear between Seventeenth and Twentiet streets, and extending across Pen: sylvania avenue into Lafayatte Pa Q. What (s the name of the bea: m;‘t will welgh around 1,500 pounds A. The director of the Zoologlea! » Park says that there are two tvpes of bear that may welgh 1,500 pounds One breed is the Kadiak and ti other is the Cinnamon Q. Who made E. M P, A. It is not known who made first map. It is probable that were made before writing of ar sort was known. In British M seum there is a map made in ci over 4,000 years old. It is sald who lived in the second that he drew better maps than any one until after Columbt discovered America the first map the high soclety v Q. Why Is as the “Four Hundred'?- A. In the days when was the leader of New a well known society man of city undertook to limit to 400 . guests who should he received by this leader. By so doing Ward McAllis ter coined the expression “The Foi Hundred.” York soc Q. Please nome the often quoted.—O. D. A. The “seven seas” often men tioned in literature include the North and South Atlantic, the North and South Pacific, the Indian, Arctic and Antarctic Oceans. 'seven seas” xo The resources of our fres informa- tion bureau are at your service. You are invited to call upon it as often as you please. It is being maintained by The Evening Star soiely to serve you. What question can 1we answer for you? There is no charge at ail ex- cept 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Address your letter to The landed in France and took up a po- sition north of Maubeuge, in Belgium, on August 21, 1914, BY PAUL ¥ The eyes of all the world today are focused upon ome city, where per- haps “tomorrow” will see the out- break of a new World War more dis- astrous and world-revolutionizing than that which tore Europe asunder in 1914. Shanghai, the “New York of Asia,” is the gathering place of perils such as no prophet can describe. "The United States, which holds no concessions in China and never has aspired to do so, offers to cancel all the objectionable treaties and make new ones whenever China allays its internal troubles and creates a respon- sible general government. But the excited Chinese nationalists declare that that is not enough; they demand the cancellation immediately, without waiting for the end of the internal revolutions. And before negotiations begin they want to know what we will agree to. They demand the abandon- ment of extraterritoriality by which Americans who are charged with vio- Jations of law are now tried by Ameri- can consuls. Our Government, having the responsibility of protecting 12,000 Americans in China, dares not aban- don them to Chinese “justice” until there exists a responsible native gov- ernment and unbiased law courts, based on a legal code that is accept- le. ab(?rfia! Britain has more than that at stake, and so serious is the menace that she has openly offered not only to make new _treatles, abandoning “extrality,” but abandoning all her special concessions or trading ports. This is indeed a grave surrender by the hitherto aggressive British, and marks a complete “about face” in her Oriental policy of the century. Sur- render even Shanghai? . China, with its awakened spirit of nationality and 443,000,000 ‘population behind 1it, so demands, and, rather than enter such Ia war as is now threatened, Great Britain will surrender—but to what federal or national power can she turn over her concessions? To ‘which of the two armies of a cumblne\z 2,000,000 now fighting for supremacy? * o kK Months before the situation had grown so acute as it has become in the last fortnight, the Asiatic Re- view, published in London, contained an editorial outline and proposal: That after friendly aid to China in solving her internal proBlems and getting up a strong independent cen- tral government the powers should undertake financial help in the form of an agreement to make a series of annual loans (rather than one Jump sum), not only to the federal government, but to each provincial government, conditional upon the several governments keeping their agreements with the powers. The editorial added: “In any case we must avold the fatal mistake of supposing that a settlement can be imposed by mili- tary force. Along that line we should come to an impasse as surely as we have done in Russia. It is conceivable that the powers might have to do with China as we have had to do with Russia—leave her severely alone—which would mean that nearly half the globe would be immobilized from the economic point of view. “But, terrible as that is to con- template, it is inconceivable that any number of foreign powers can, at the end of the first quarter of the twentieth century and in the face of a newly awakened race conscious- ness, force their will on 400,0p0,000 people inhabiting a continent.” ok kK the February number of the Asla, appears In American magazine, this: “To the average Chinese today, knowing nothing of the intricacies involved, the chief difference between an Englishman or American and a Russian is that the former enjoys rights derogatory to Chinese dignity, while the latter lives in China simply as an equal, The Russlan, therefore, is accepted as a friend. Most others are regarded as probable enemies. Such is the case particularly in southern China, whers the English and Americans find themselves un- popular and their enterprises sub- ject to Dboycott or conflscation, hough the Russians and Germans, without treaty privileges, are given the freedom of the country.” Therein lies a_special danger—the ‘German; Russians taken to- gether friends, British and - Evening Star Information Bureau Frederic_J. Haskin, director, Wash- ington, D. C. /. COLLINS. Americans and French as enemies— a cleavage with possibilities. * ¥ K K There s a great differerice between the records of America and Great Britain in Chinese relations. America has never made military demands for concessions, while Great Britair Germany and France have made most drastic ~ and forcible invasion of Chinese territory. The first wedge was in 1842 by the British in_their war to force oplum trade into China, and, as their price of peace from that, aggression, they received Hongkong. Finding commerce hampered in that one open port, they sent 1 vessel in 1843 to explore more northern mar- kets, and it.forced its entrance into Shanghai, against the defenses of the natives. _The native city then had a popula- tion of 150,000; according to the cen- sus taken in 1920, the population was 1,650,000, and today it is estimated at about 2,000,000. The native city is surrounded by a wall 3% miles ir circumference, having seven gates. The foreign settiement is bullt in the suburbs, and comprises now an Eng- lish reglon, an American and a French part with a sprinkling of other foreigners. The entire foreign settlement is now under its own in- ternational municipal government, comprised in a municipal board elect- ed annually by the local landholders who are foreign. No Chinaman can be a member of that municipal board, but last year, for the first time, a Japanese member was elected. * ok ok X The foYeign settlement of Shang- hai made no progress for the first year or two, but the Taiping Rebel lion, which terrorized all China, drove thousands of Chinese refugees into Shanghai, and they overran the fors elgn settlement, bringing a great deal of goods in with them. Thousands re- mained permanently, and ths growti of that metropolis of Asia dates from that war. A possibility of the present fighting in China is that one of. the armies might find Shanghai a desirable stronghold. and take possession of including the settlement of the fo eigners, which situation would then attract the other army to attack, Whether that would result in a comn+ bination. of the two Chinese armieg to drive out the foreigners or merely result in a battle between the Chinese rivals, in either case, the peril to the foreigners is incalculable. * & ok x ‘While the Chinese look with disdain upon the barbaric world outside the Celestial Empire, and Europeans and Americans are more or less patroniz- ing toward Chinese culture and re- ligion, it is well that both parties for- get race prejudice and face facts. ‘Three years after Great Britain had forced China to open her ports be- cause she tried to defend herself against British opium, Lord Beacons. fleld, the famous Prime Minister Dis- raeli, wrote his story, “‘Sybil,” deallng with civilization in England within that decade, when laborers were flogged with knotted ropes, felled with hammers, and it was common practice to pull the ears of apprentices until the blood ran. China had had the influence of ) ¢ ) 1 [} Buddhism and Confucianism for 3.000 « years, and Europe had had Christian- ity for mearly 2,000 years. When the British forced the opening of Chinese ports in revenge for resisting the traf- fic in opium, Great Britain's civiliza- tion was measured by her laws, which nailed a British perjurer by the ears to a pillory, or hanged a man if he dared appear on Westminster Bridge in disguise. Thers were 223 offenses of which the penalty was death. In 1816, at one execution of 58 persons. one victim was a 10-year-old bov. (See page 71, “The History of Shang hal,” by G. Lanning and S. Couling. Published in London, 1921.) The same authority cites the fact that England “freéd slaves in the nineteenth century,” the United States in 1863 and Brazil in 1888. It is not auite accurate, for xlmly this month, 1927, has the British empire in India decreed the freedom of the last 5,000 slaves of Burma—a century after British rule began. This line of com- parison, sketched by the British au- thors, is not intended as a condemna- tion of England alone, but rather as justice in the comparison of Oriental and Occidental civilizations, and the proof that China has good grounds for her awakening to national inde- pendence and autonomy. A mere cen- tury in the development of China is “‘as yesterday.” And China's present pr s within less than a century t of the Occident. _ (Couyriaht. 1927. by Paul V. Collius. A A