Evening Star Newspaper, October 27, 1926, Page 8

- THE With EVENING STAR Sunday Morning Edition. _leHIHGTON. D. C. WEDNESDAY. . .October 27, 1026 il THEODORE W. NOYES . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Busineas Office: Xellth St and Pennesivania Ave, mw York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago OMce: Tower Building. Buropean Gffice: 14 Kegent St London ngland. g1and th = may_ be sent by - Main 5000. Collection is made ler at end of each month. Rate by Mafl—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginta. ally and Sunday....1 yr. $9.00: 1 mo.. T8¢ only 157 $6:00: 1 mo.. 80c ay oy 11571 8300: 1 mol. 28¢ All Other States and Canada. 200: 1 mo. $1.00 ly and Sunday..1 yr.. 00 Bl e T l_l:‘lembel- of the Assoclated Press. e Associated Press titled t0 the Sae°for Sepubiteation of Al nows.dis: Bt P imae bt BeeToel® S iehed Rerthe: AN rixncs ‘o publieation 1 opecial dispaiches herein are also reserved Navy Day. Navy day! The day on which the American people celebrate the defen- sive force enrolled under the naval ensign! This day is chosen as appro- priate because it is the anniversary of the birth of Theodore Roosevelt, ‘who did so much to develop the Amer- fcan Navy in its period of decline and Testored it to its strength. It s not in vainglory that the American people express their pride in the Navy. Yet the record of that establishment is such as to stimulate enthusias;n. On every occasion the Navy has risen to Its requirements. It has discharged its full duty. It has made good whenever called upon for mervice. And yet never has the Navy been used as an instrument of ag- gression. . Development of the American Navy has been slow and at times discour- agingly {nadequate in point of num- bers of men and force of ships. The insularity of the new republic, far re- moved from European powers, with problems of a strictly domestic nature, caused the people to feel secure with- out the need of a great force afloat. Yet there have been occasions to prove the necessity of an effective marine defense, as in the War of 1812, ‘when a glorious chapter was written despite the handicap of unprepared- ness. After the Civil War, which nec- essarily witnessed a naval develop- ment for the emergency, there was a long period of neglect of both ships end personnel. Came then revival of interest, and efforts at naval develop- ment succeeded in laying the founda- tions for a sea-fighting force which ‘were strengthened by Theodore Roose- wvelt to the point that when the war with Spain occurred our Navy was equal to the occasion. Another lapse of comparative neg- lect occurred, but with advances from time to time. The Great War found this country up to date in types and proportionately in numbers, and at the end of the war the United States was in a position, had it wished, to become the greatest naval power in the world. At the Washington con- ference, however, this opportunity was ylelded in the interest of the limitation of armaments. A basis was adopted which gave it equality with Great Britain and a two-fifths su- periority over Japan in respect to capital ships, with no limitation as to wauxiliaries, for the ratioing of which proposal have subsequently been made without fruition. In quality of ships and of personnel the American Navy has never held second place, even though in numbers ft has not maintained parity. In many respects the American naval designers have set the pace for the world. Were there the will on this side of the sea to create the most powerful navy afloat in units and In strength of personnel, that could be accomplished. But there is no such will. The American policy is not ag- gressive. It is purely defensive. The American people are content to main- tain a floating force sufficient to in- sure respect throughout the world for American rights without the slight- est menace against the rights of others. Navy day evokes the pride of the people of this country to the point of demanding that the best traditions of the naval service be maintained, that the standurd of efficlency and suf- ficlency be preserved that in every respect the marine defense be kept adequate. Until the day of complete disarmament shall come, if ever it should come, this demand will con- tinue and it must be heeded. ———— France is temperamental, but saga- elous. The sacrifice of a few cabaret tips mean nothing as compared with the possibllity of canceling a national debt. e Power by Radio. Guglielmo Marconi, the inventor, in an address before the Institute of Civil Engineers in London, forecasts new wonders of sclence. He predicts the possibility of the use of electric waves for the transmisslon of power. This is not a new suggestion. It has been contemplated ever since the develop- ment of radlo, which followed Mar- coni’s first advance in ‘“wireless telegraphy.” It has not vet been achleved, but it would be idle to say that there is no likelihood of its ac- complishment. Rash, indeed, is the person who denies or doubts the pos- sibilities of etheric vibration, in the light of the marvels of the last decade. Marconi indicates that success in the solution of this problem de- pends upon the discovery of a meth. od of projecting the electric wave,in parailel beams in a manner to mini- mize dispersion and effusion of the energy into space. This, indeed, is the present problem in all radio con- trol. There is now being sought a means of insuring specific direction of radio waves. Some advance has been made in that, but not sufficient to per- mit the utilization of *‘wireless” for confidential person-to-person messages. problems is solved the other will find solution in consequence. Dispatch of energy by etheric waves would solve the power problem. It would permit the use of ‘‘white coal,” | the .water power that is so abundant and yet so little utilized. In most cases these great sources of power are located at a distance from the points of use. It is impracticable to develop industrial establishments at or close to them, because of the long hauls necessary for the marketing of products. Much has been done toward the distribution by cables cents | Of electric energy from water power by | Benerating plants, but the loss in transmission is a serious drain and, moreover, there is danger in the send, ing of high potency currents by con- ductors, however carefully safe- guarded. If a way were found to transmit electric energy through the air without conductors and without appreciable loss there would be no limitation on the development of the water power. Marconi is himself working along this line. Since he made his great discovery of a means of using the Hertzian rays for the transmission of signals, which has developed into the radio marvels of today, he has been quietly investigating, experimenting and exploring. It would appear from his statement in London that he is on the track of the solution. ) An Important Case. An appeal against three rulings on traffic cases by the local Police Court has been filed with the Court of Ap- peals by the District government. The test cases concern the right of the District CommiSsioners and the di. rector of traffic to bar horse-drawn and solid-tired vehicles from certain streets in Washington. In the Police Court the local authorities were de- clared to be without power to promul- gate such a regulation and in the ap- peal which is now being taken the Government seeks to show that the { Commissioners not only have the au- thority to make police regulations for the protection and saving of life, but that Congress specifically delegated to the traffic director power to make “reasonable regulations)’ for the ex- pedition of traffic in Washington. It is important that these cases should be ruled upon by the Court of Appeals, and it is gratifying that the Commissloners have declded to push the matter to a final accounting. There would seem to be no doubt that Congress, in the code for the District, gives the local government as repre- sented by the Commissioners the power to make police regulations. There ltkewise appears to be no con- troversy over the newly given au- thority to the traffic director to make “reasonable” regulations. This clause in the traffic act was clarified during the last session of Congress in order that disputes over the various phases of the traffic director’s power would not occur. If the Court of Appeals rules af- firmatively on these two contentions the whole proposition will resolve itself into whether or not the regula- tion is “reasonable.”” Congress can- not and will not pass a specific traffic ‘code for the District. There is no pos- sible way that a satisfactory set of regulations could be produced from a body that has had so little oppor- tunity to study the day-by-day needs of a city the size of Washington, and one that offers' so many divergent views on the proper handling of traf- fic. This authority, therefore, is dele- gated to a traffic specialist who is familiar with the situation as it con- cerns the District of Columbia and who not only operates an automobile here, but makes his residence in this city for twelve months in the year. In considering the reasonableness of the regulation barring horse-drawn and solid-tire vehicles from certain fast-traffic streets it should be borne in mind that only in Washington is it an experiment. Other cities, for a long period of time, have enforced such traffic rules to the manifold bene- fit of the majority of the users of the streets. This regulation was recom- mended by the traffic office and adopted by the Commissioners after an investigation had convinced both groups of officials that it was not only reasonable but would mean the ex- pediting of travel and an additional safety factor in the conduct of traffic. On the automatically lighted streets vehicles of the type which were banneq by the regulation were found to obstruct the free movement of traf- fic. Neither the horse-drawn wagons nor the solid-tired trucks were able to keep up with the procession and move according to the staggered system of control lights. Inasmuch as Washing- ton is conceded to have one of the finest systems of control of any Amer- jcan city and one that has been ‘widely copied since its inauguration, the reg- ulation barring slow-moving vehicles was hailed by the majority of motor- ists here as a progressive step in car- rying out the modern theory of re- lieving congestion. The importance of a final ruling on these matters cannot be exaggerated. Neither the Commissioners nor the tratfic director should be hampered in the =etting up of desirable rules for trafic movement. Washington has outgrown, long ago, the smalltown haphazard method of regulating its automobile traffic. It is necessary, therefore, that those in the closest touch with the situation should have authority to promulgate such regula- tions as are found proper to expedite and control traffic in a city of a halt million residents. et Motors crash and airplanes fall. Walking reasserts itself not only as a valuable but as a safe exercise. oo+ The Milk Horse. It is pleasant to record a word of appreciation for the horse. Many look on the horse not only as a back num- ber, but as a senseless beast whose only mission is to be a creature of sport on the race track or a plaything in the show ring and on the saddle path. Some persons speak well of a horse of high degree, a horse with a string of ancestors whose names are in a book. That is the aristocratic horse. If consideration is given at all the plain and common horse that THE EVENING flanks, 1t'18 that the horse is @ bar to traffic. He is in the way. Few recall that we owe much to the horse, much to his ‘fidelity, patience and un- derstanding. From colthood to old age he worked for us, and much of the world's wealth was accumulated with his help, Few think that to a workhorse, dulled perhaps by hard labor, a gentle word, kind voice, a pat on the neck, an apple, carrot or a lump of sugar, may mean much. The milkman still ghinks well of the horse. It helps him make the house- to-house delivery of milk, and the horse’s understanding of the job puts the flivver in the shade. The Dairy- man’'s League News prints an article on the comparative worth of the horse and the automobile in deliver- ing milk and finds for the horse. The driver gives much less attention to the horse than to the car. The horse knows the route, or at least he stops and starts at a signal. The paper says that ‘“experiments were made which showed that in a Journéy of three hours and eleven minutes, de- livering to more than 200 customers, the milkman spent only nine and a half minutes in handling his horse.” Starting at a signal, the horse kept going in the right direction until he heard the stop signal, the milkman ar- ranging bottles and doing other things while the horse was attending to his duty. Praise might be written of many horses other than the milk horse. —————. When a movie wife sues a movie husband the proceedings usually con- vey the impression that a lawyer is far less interesting than a movie dai- rector. ————— The former Kaiser of Germany has retained so much real estate that his future career may assert the power of a landlord instead of that of a mere emperor. ———— s Florida 1is rebuilding rapidly. A disaster, intelligently utilized, often proves a point of advantageous pub- licity. . —————————— The Eskimos who have reached the North Pole are probably numerous. They lack the advantages of pub- licity. ———t——— New York City is always fortunate. Its loneg when swept by a gale are slight as compared with those of the Florida citles. ———e————— Motion pictures might be even more thrilling if the scenario writers were as audaciously inventive as the press agents. ———— e The visit of Queen Marie has been the means of reviving artistic interest in the dances of Lofe Fuller. e A “wizard of finance” is as fearful as the ordinary magiclan of the man who knows how to expose each trick. —— . Coal will advance in price. So will food. Potatoes and carbon are going hand in hand. D SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Embarrassed Orator. Had a little party Down to Pohick on the Crick. The greetings was most hearty An’ the bill o’ fare was slick. Committees was elated By the heights they now could reach, . ‘While the guest of honor waited For a chance to make a speech. The guest of honor halted ‘Cause he was a gentle man. He struck no pose exalted, He pursued a simple plan. An’ we loved him all the better 'Cause he scorned talk’s trivial trick. g He’s acclaimed our great go-getter Down to Pohick on the Crick! Relativities. “How are you going to reconcile your present opinions with those you used to express?”’ “I don’t pretend to do so,” an- swered Senator Sorghum. “My early opinions bear the same relation to my mature ideas that a class in mental arithmetic bears to the higher mathe- matics.” Planetary Population. There may be people up in Mars, But what care I? ‘Why should I search the distant stars, ‘With friends nearby? Jud Tunkins says the farmer wants relief, but the city man wants more. Unrewarded Endeavors. ‘When Arctic voyagers disclose A cold, unwelcoming sea,, I wonder why the sailor goes ‘Where no one wants to be. “We hope,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “for better things, and make the mistake of assuming that ‘we may attain them by making things worse for somebody else." Advancement of Conviviality. “*Are there any bootleggers in your community?” “No,” answered Uncle Bill Bottle- top. “We've progressed. Anybody around here who craves illicit licker has got to join a night club.” “A crapshooter,” saild Uncle Eben, “talks to de dice. De talk makes no diff'unce in de result, but it gratifies de human love of authority.” Some Memory Test. From the London Tidbits. “Now, Willie,” said the teacher, “if you aren't a good boy I'll make you stay after school and learn the names of all the premiers of France since 1925." " Tact Par Excellence. From the Galveston News. Another reason why we are a gobd conversationalist is because when we meet a lady who wants to talk about her husband we let her go ahead. Minority Rule. From the Boston Transeript. One man out of every three W motorist, leaving the other t to It may be that when one of these his hay by the sweat of his|wish they had been born £ STAR, WASLIHD GT Well, we ought not to have to worry much about the furnace this season, any 'way. That's something! Now comes the time of shoveling coal, unless one has some other form of heating device in the basement. As for most of us, plainly, we haven't. We are going to_ struggle along with the old furnace, for which we have come to have a great re- gard, coal and all. It is a faithful, silent iron monster, sitting patiently in one corner of thd basement. It but asks normally de- cent treatment to do its best, bring- ing heaith, happiness and content. ment to us upstairs. g The trouble with coal, after all, was not so much coal that one could not get it, or never was sure he could get it. And when secured, too often it was of poor qual- ity. Thus coals, not coal, per se, was ut_fault. With happier labor relations this Year, the coal-burning furnace ought mt?flm; lnt(;e:lls ;)wn again, certainly a_time-hono: lace in the jorit of households. % = > Those who value peace and quiet in a home will be loath to part with the absolutely noiseless hot-water plant, for instance. One would never know it is in the house. Tha silence of the outfit is almost uncanny, caus- ing those in whom the sense of won- der is not lost by the ygars ta feel the radiator, now and then, in order to convince themselves that the sys- tem is in operation. Perhaps the greatest nuisance of coal {8 the ashes. Ashes bring out the character in a man. Ashes show you up for what you are. One type of man takes out the ashes every time he shakes the furnace. Another never takes them out till he has to. Ashes are a nuisance, any way you look at them. They have a way of flying around that would win them high regard if they were airplanes. The permeating quality of ashes is marvelous. ¥ Old phonograph records stored in the basement, even when coveréd well, are found to be coated with ash- es. Every minute groove is filled. Careless handling, too, will allow them (ashes) to float all over the house. Much of this nuisance can be re- moved, however, by a spraying of the @shes in the pit before they are re- moved. Without this aid something can be achieved by a quiet, slow method of removal. If the shovel is dashed into the ashes, and removed with a flourish, the flying particles will bathe the face and halr, as every one knows who has ever nursed a furnace for any length of time. Sedate motions, on the other hand, make for a mini- mum of flying particles. Expert furnace tenders remove ashes every time they shake the fire, and this latter task they do twice a day, in the morning and evening. As we said, it is a test of char acter, rather than of strength. ik We have also said that the furnace furnishes health, happiness and con- tentment. ‘We hope no one will regard this as redundancy. Certainly health and happiness are not to be confused. While the former is one of the usual concomitants of the latter, there are many seemingly perfectly healthy persons who are not at all happy, and every one has i THIS AND THAT. BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. as the fact’| seen suffering men and women who were bright and cheerful and entirely happy, as far as any one could tell. (And no one has any particular right to look any further, in such cases, except, perhaps, to add such addi tional happiness as an outsider can bring.) The distinction between happiness and contentment, however, is not always realized. The same thing holds true of love and affection. Love is the universal word. All the world loves a lover. Love is ro- mantic, but often it will not stand the fiery test,of the home furnace! Every day affection, therefore, is held by the wise to be a surer recipe for happiness than love. Love may easily fly out the window, at the sight of the other party eating a soft-boiled egg, but affection will forgive and forget. Love puts its faith in fine dresses and well groomed hair, but affection abides when clothes are rags and hair is turned to gray or lacking alto- gether. 2 There are many to praise love, and few to say anything for affection, and yet the handclasp of affection is surer and truer and more to be trusted than all the eager warmth of romantic love. And so it is, it seems to us, with happiness and contentment. Happiness goes in a' dress suit, whereas contentment gets along nice- ly in_everyday dress, or even in overalls. Happiness seems to have some- thing about it of display, whereas contentment can live up to its good name in poverty. It needs no praise, nor plaudits, but rather shrinks from them as unnecessary. ‘What is necessary to contentment is warmth of mind, body and spirit. Given these, in the true sense, a fnan may well dispense with happiness, since he has found :or;:ethmg better. * % The furnace, in supplying warmth of body to the household, also goes far to make warmth of mind and spirit, since even the most intrepid spirits cannot long withstand the freezing effects of physical cold. The modern heating systems (such as the hot water, for instance, the one we know intimately) are-really among the wonders of the age, but are so commonplace today that few pause to realize it. It takes real effort to resist the stultifying effects of the usual. We strive for the unusual, we give our best attention only to the un- usual. Like the men of Athens, we willing do nothing but hear or see some new thing every day. Down in our basements, however, we have an old thing, dingy with age, perhaps, made of sturdy iron, filled with water, that needs but a touch of a match_to properly piled paper, kindling and coal to give warmth to so many cublc feet of confined air bounded by four walls and a roof, va- riously known as a house or a home. Just how many persons are sitting around shivering, as this goes to press, there is no way of Knowing. They ought to buckle down to it, ad- mit that Autumn actually comes, and start that old fire for the season. This is the fire of hopes, of dreams, of solid comfort. After all, what pleasure is there, in the ordinary run of life, more to be desired than an evening at home, after a good day’s work, warm, comfortable, filled with hours of contentment? WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS Dramatic scenes attended the ren- dering’ of the epoch-making decision by the Supreme Court last Monday deciding a constitutional controversy which has existed since the formation of our Government—the dispute be- tween Congress and the Executive over the right of a President to re- move appointive office holders with- out the consent of the legislative branch. By a 6-to-3 decision the court established for all time the constitutional interpretation for which Presidents have contended, that Congress has no control over removals from office—that unlimited power to do so rested with the Ix- ecutive. The minority of the court termed the decision revolutionary. Chief Justice. Taft delivered the opinfon. It presented the unique spectacle of a former President de- ciding and defining the presidential authority. His written opinion was more than 17,000 words in lensth, covering 60-0odd printed pages. The Chief Justice did not read it, merely reciting in even tone a brief sum- mary of the issue presented and the conclusions. Justice Holmes, in his high-pitched voice, speaking very rapidly, read his own brief but vig- orous dissent. Justice McReynolds, waiting his turn with slightly con- cealed impatience, then launched a vitriolic attack on the decision of the majorityv. Before him lay his own 47 printed pages of dissenting opinion. He paid_no attention to the text. His eves flashed, his voice echoed through the quiet chamber. “This is a rev- olutionary doctrine,” he declared. “Yesterday we had a Government of limited powers. Today no man knows what we have, This decision sweeps aside the settled and undisputed theory of our Government which has endured for a century and a half.” He continued for many minutes, lash- ing the majority view. Taft's face was impassive, his eyes half closed, not a muscle twitched, but the air was surcharged with passion and drama. McReynolds ended with a contemptuous toss of his head and the remark, “My views are here in a half hundred printed pages, which any one interested enough to do so can read.” Justice Brandeis followed, “I concur with Justice Holmes and Justice McReynolds,” he said, “but’— and he -then presented in lucid and polished sentences his own ex- position of the reason for disagreeing with the majority of the court, and he filed his own written dissenting opinion, a 44-page document. * k k¥ The Democrats are advertising the fact that President Coolidge ‘*spent last year $341.599 for his private yach! The Mayflower is an exceed- ingly expensive plaything and it furnishes a handy target for Demo: cratic attack. The Coolidge ‘vacht” is classified as a naval auxiliary. Its maintenance is charged to the Navy Department. Theoretically it is used as a training ship, but practically it is tied up to the dock awaiting the President’s pleasure. In fact, by an act of Congress, this expensive ship is assigned to the President of the United States. Any President could abolish it, but none has done so, though, prior to Mr. Coolidge, no President ever made much use of it. But Mr. Coolidge uses it a great deal, though he is no sailor or vachtsman in the ordinary acceptance of that term. Cruising the quiet waters of the Potomac is all that Mr. Coolidge cares for, but of that he is very fond. Incidentally, that is about all the good ship is good for. It is a comfortable old craft, but would give every one aboard a terrible tossing if it ever went to sea. When the President goes ‘“cruising” he dons ‘the hat of an admiral of the Navy amd takes the bridge.. The guns fire & presi- dential salute of 21 guns when he comes aboard and another. salute when the craft passes Mount ¥ernon. ‘The colors are raised and Sowered at the appropriate moments. It is a pleasant holiday for the naval band when the President chooses to take it along on his river trip But as a ship_of war the Mayflower is a Joke. It is obsolete. It wouldn't do even as a rum chaser or a rum runner. * ok ok ok Rutherford B. Hayes was President when the first telephone was install- ed in the White House in 1879. The instrument remained there for more than a year on trial, free of charge, before telephoné service was actually contracted for. Today telephones are sprinkled all over the White House proper and the executive offices, with a large private switchboard and half a_dozen trunk line wires. Private telegraph wires are operated day and night from under the executive roof. And radlo sets and microphones arc here, there and everywhere. * ok ok % The Post Office Department has fs- sued a fraud order against a Chicago woman who was doing a large busi- ness in selling by mail for 25 cent: printed horoscope readings to all per- sons who sent theit names, birth dates and the fee. It appeared that the horoscopes were prepared and printed in sets of 12, one for each sign of the zodiac, and contained statements ‘“of a general nature.”” They were so drafted as to have general application to all ages and conditions and both sexes, and identical “readings” were sent to all persons who happened to be born under the same zodiac sign. The department's fraud order distin- guished such horoscopes from those cast according to the “so-called science of astrology,” where the exact mo- ment of birth is a prime factor and each individual horoscope, when “scientifically” read, is different. The inference was that the department would regard such as within the law. It declared that the sale of the printed horoscope constituted a fraud because the woman who sold them “had made no special study of astrology” and the persons who purchased the readings received no greater information than could be obtained “by any person of average education from books pub- lished on the subject, which are avail- able in public libraries and on news- stands.” e Ew Present-day educators ought to find considerable significance, as indicating the trend of the times, in the order which has just been issued at West Point abolishing the day and night sentry duty in the cadets’ dormitories. This custom, as old as the academ; is now done away with in line with twentieth century educational ideas. It relieves the cadets who were obliged to take theit turn at guard duty from this burden, and gives more time and more energy for study and recreation, as well as removing a pris- onlike symbol. Monitors, however, are to be substituted, charged with the oversight of the dormitories and responsible for the cadets’ good con- duct. - * Kk ok X Three reasons for three votes which|" will not be cast this year for the Re- publican ticket—all true stories. First White House caller: “I am a great admirer of the President. I want to support him, but my father and my grandfather were lifelong Democrats. I find myself in a difficult position. I have decided the best thing to do is not to vote.” Second White House caller: “I want to do all that I can to aid the President. I am working hard for a Republican victory. But no! I am not a registered voter. You see, until Mr. Coolidge came along I never took any interest in politics.” Third White House caller: “How is the cam- paign _coming along? Everything looks fine up my way. Say, I want you to fix me up with a couple of good seats for the Army-Navy game. What! Nothing doing? Well, don’t expect any favors from me, Ns all.” (Covyright. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER - 27, 1926. Politics at Large By G. Gould Lincoln. President Coolidge’s announcement that both he and Mrs. Coolidge would go to their home in Massachusetts to vote in person for Senator Willlam M. Butler for Senator and for Gov. Fuller to succeed himself is just what Republican leaders in the Bay State have been hoping for weeks. They regard the announcement that the President will journey to Northamp- ton for the purpose of casting his ballot as a clarion call to Republi- can voters to turn out in this “off- year” election. What they have fear- ed s that Republicans in rural com- munities might fail to vote, while Democrats and wet Republicans fa- voring Walsh for Senator and Gaston for governor would flock to the polls in the cities. Président Coolidge’s letter approving Senator Butler and Gov. Fuller is doubtless worth many votes to the Republican candidates in a race which appears close. The Coolidge name is a name to conjure with in Massachusetts, just as the La Follette name has been potent in ‘Wisconsin for the last quarter cen- tury. Democrats may say that the recommendation of the President that Butler and Fuller be elected is an indication of uncertainty and fear on the part of the Republican leaders this year. But that will scarcely nul- 1ify the effect of the appeal made by the President. EEEE O In the other State fights President Coolidge has kept his hands off, this year. He has spoken highly of some of,the candidates for the Senate on Republican tickets, as in the case of Lenroot_of Wisconsin before the pri- mary. But he has made no direct ap- peal to the voters except in Massa- chusetts. It would appear that the President is well within his rights and the proprieties in saying a good word for the Republican candidates in his own home State, both as titular lead- er of the Republican party ard as President of the United States. Sup- port of the President and his admin- istration have been made an issue in Massachusetts this year, although in many other States local issues alone will ‘govern the results of the elec tions. In Democratic circles, the ac- tion of the President in advocating the election of Senator Butler is placed on all fours with the plea made by the late President Wilson in 1918 for the election of a Democratic Sen- ate and a Democratic House to aid him in carrying out his polices. At that time the United States was in the midst of a war. Republicans, who believed they had cast partisan politics aside to aid the Democratic administration to win the war were highly incensed at the implied criti- cism that Republicans were not to be trusted. They rose and smote the Democratic candidates for Senate and House. The result was disastrous to the Democratic party. In 1918 there was also much displeasure with the Democratic administration in many of the States. War-time rule is rarely popular. ‘The situation this year fs vastly different. The country has been prosperous, generally speaking, notwithstanding the refusal of Demo- crats to admit this to be the truth. President Coolidge retains wide popu- larity, in spite of his stand against a certain type of farm relief legisla- tion, and in spite of scandals which affect Republican organizations and candidates in-several of the States. % k ok *x Senator Pat Harrison of Mississippl, genial Democratic leader, who has been steadily on the stump during the campaign, is getting a laugh from his audiences by relating an incident of his travels in Missouri. As he was passing through Dexter, Mo., a man in the seat next his opened the rail- road car window and shouted to a na- tive: “Hey, stranger, is there any work in the quarries here?” “Naw,” was the laconic reply. As the traveler drew his head in sadly, Senator Harrison turned to him, remarking with a twinkle in his eye: “The only place where there is work in the quarries this year, my friend, is in rock-ribbed Republican Vermont, where they are cutting tombstones to be placed over the po- litical graves of Republican Senators whaq voted to seat Senator Truman H. Newberry of Michigan, after he had been nceused of buying his election in 1918.” * x X ¥ “Jack” Cochran, Democratic candi- date for the House in the eleventh Missourl district—the district now held by Harry Hawes, who is a candi- date for the Senate—has gained a reputation as a public speaker of un- shaken nerve, to whom hecklers are a mere nothing. When he delivered his maiden speech in his campalgn to suec- ceed Mr. Hawes, the audience was liberally sprinkled with hecklers. They turned their full battery on Cochran. But their questions never feazed him. He talked richt along as though no one had sought to interrupt him. An old-timer at political meetings said afterward to a friend of the candidate, admiringly: “Say, that fellow s some 2 fgner. They can’t heckle him.’> . “Well,” replied the other, “Cochran s a good speaker. But vou know dontt you. that he is deaf?” i 'he Republicans of Kentucky a counting on_ getting out s ;fiige“.? vote as possibie in the mountains of the eastern part of the State. In these mountain districts, the vote is almost solidly Republican. The system adopt- ed to get the mountaineers to the polls is quite simple. A key man is selected at the head of each mountain gulch, On election day the key man mounts a white mule, takes an Amer- fean flag fn one hand and n horn in the other and rides down the gulch, calling on all voters living along his route to follow him to the polls. The Kenfucky mountaineer is nothing if not patriotic. He will fol. low an American flag as long as he can see it. Where the mountain roads merge into larger roads leading to polling places, the Republican man- agers have automobile trucks or wagons to haul the mountain voters to the polls. Rumor has it that after they have voted they get a dividend from a_barrel of the best “moon- shine” to help them on their " way home. Senator Richard P. Ernst, Repub- lican, is faced with defeat in the Ken- tucky senatorial election or the smash- ing of a precedent of many years’ standing. Not ,for 38 years has a United States Senator been re-elected in the Blue Grass State. Senator Ernst consoles himself with the thought that all precedents are smashed eventually, and also with the fact that the great majority of the Senators who have failed of re-election in Kentucky since 1888 have been Democrats. * ok ok ok Presidential aspirations are in- timately bound in with the elections which are to be held next Tuesday. For example, on the Democratic side there Js Gov. Al Smith, pride of the New York Democracy, who is seeking his fourth term as governor of the Em- pire State. If by any chance he were defeated by Ogden Mills, the Repub- lican nominee, his presidential boom would vanish. There are Gov. Don- ahey (“Honest Vic") and former Sena- tor Atlee Pomerene, both of Ohio, who may a#pire to the Democratic nom- ination in 1928, provided they win at the polls this year. In Missouri the presidential boom of Semator James A. Reed is still growing. But if his candidate for the Senate, Harry Hawes, suffers defeat, then the Reed boom will lose some of its luster. On the Republican side of the fence 1o one is asserting a desire to become & candidate for the Republican‘mom- i Q. When did Omar Khayyam live-? —G. T. M. A. He was a Perslan poet’'and as- tronomer, born at Nishapur in Khoras- san in the latter half of the eleventh century. He is especially known as a poet from his Rubaiyat or Quatrains, which have been translated by Fitz- gerald and others. Q. Where did John D. Rockefeller work first?—B._L. A. John D. Rockefeller started in as clerk in a forwarding and com- mission house. At the age of 19, how- ever, he was a partner in the firm of Clgrk - & Rocketeller, commission merchants. From_that time on he advanced until in December, 1911, he rétired as president of the Standard oil Co. Q. How high is air_compressed to turn it to liquid?—E. R. I. A. In the liquid air plant at the Bureau of Standards air is com- pressed to about 3,000 pounds per square inch. Q. Does a person need a pass in order to see the cadets drill at West Point?—A. E. F. A. No passes are required for visi- tors to see the West Point cadets drill. At this time of the year the dress parades are held about & o'clock. Q. Can a private company operate alrplanes for mail service and re: a profit?>—P. G. A. It is believed that it will be nec- essary for a commercial air service to carry passengers and express in addl- tion to mail in order to make it a pay- ing proposition. Q. Is “ax” properly used instead of “ask”?—D. V. A. Formerly this term was in good usage, but is now considered provin- cial or obsolete. Q. What is petritied wood?—M. R. A. The ‘name corveys the ldea of wood turned into stone, for such is the apparent condition. As explained by scientists, there frequently has oc- curred in the case of a piece of wood burled in the past and subjected to certain_conditions gradual disappear- ance of the particles thereof, accom- panied by corresponding replacement with a deposit of dissolved silica. As a result the place originally occupied by the plece of wood has come to be occupied by a stone formation corre- sponding in size and shape with the sald plece as it formerly existed and frequently corresponding in texture or grain and more or less in general ap- pearance with such piece. Q. How many copies of “The Smith Administration” are in existence?— M. R. A. This suppressed book is by Kip- ling. There are but six copies known to be in existence. Three thousand coples were originally printed. Q. What sum was paid by our Gov- ernment to France in the way of pri- vate claims as a result of depreda- tions committed by American soldiers during their stay in France?—A. H. J. A. The office of tiie chief of finance, War Department, says no separate ac- count for damages falling under the head of depredations was kept by the American expeditionary forces. Dam- ages to property due to such acts are normally chargeable to the individuals responsible under the 105th article of ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS . BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. war, and the total so charged is con sidered nominal. Q. Where is I'Aiglon buried?—L. A. A. The son of Napoleon is buried in the Capuchin Church, Vienna. Q. How fast can a person think?— G. H. A. The speed of nerve impulses is 404 feet per second. If an idea is complicated enough to take 100 nerve messages from one side of the brain to the other, the thought could be completed in less than one-tenth of 2 second. Q. May I make an article for my own use that 1 know has not been patented?—G. W. H. A. Every one has the.right to make, s;]l‘ use, an unpatented article or ma chine. Q. What is fluld rock?—G. G. A. Lava is frequently described as molten rock, particularly when it is- sues from a volcano. Is the Government doing any- thing to improve the status of the Indians?—D. Y. A. During the past three years the Department of the Interior has ap- proved and Seen enacted into law 1b: bills, all intended to improve the situa- tion of our Indian population. Q. Who painted “The Age of Inno cence"?—E. A. Sir Joshua Reynolds. Q. Who pays the guides at Gettys burg?—L. W. A. A. The guides at the Gettysburg National Military Park do not receive salaries, but receive only the fees from the people whom they show thraugh the grounds. Q. How long was each round of the Dempsey-Tunney fight?—G. L. A. Each round was 3 minutes. . The length of the entire fight was 39 minutes—ten 3-minute rounds and nine 1-minute intermissions. Q. Exclusive of the World War, how many people are now on the pen- sion roll>—T. A. D. A. There are now 510,000. The largest number on the roll was la 1905, when there were 1,004,196 Q. What is the color of liquid air?— W. R. K. A. When in a container, it is a slightly bluish color. Q. Are eggs that are laid in stables near hog pens likely to absorb s;pleaannt odors?—C. C. S. A. Freshly lald eggs are more sus. ceptible to odors than eggs that have been laid for some time. An egg that has absorbed odors would not neces- sarily be injurious to health to eat, but objectionable to the taste. Did you ever write a letter to Fred- eric J. Haskin? You can ask him any question of fact and get the an- swer in a personal letter. Here is a great educational idea introduced into the lives of the most intelligent peo- ple in the world—American news- paper readers. It is a part of that best purpose of a newspaper—service. There is no charge ercept 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Address Frederic J. Haskin, director, The Evening Star Information Bureau, Washington, D. C. Observance of the 150th anniver- sary of Koscluszko's offer of service in the American Revolution was the occasion of affectionate and admiring tributes by the American press to this champion of liberty and hero of:two nations. Recalling that Washington found Koscluszko “a gentleman of science and merit,” and that Jefferson said of him that “he was as pure a son of liberty as he had ever known,” the San Francisco Bulletin declares that “his fame endures, and will en- dure as long as liberty has power of inspiration. His monument,” con- tinues that paper, “Is in the memory of men wherever men are moved by the spirit of freedom. From distant Poland, where his name is a house- hold word, to far off Australia, where the highest mountain has been named in his honor, and all around the globe, Kosciuszko is ranked among the illus trious ampions of liberty. He loved it for others as much as for himself.” While Kosciuszko day has never been generally observed in this coun- try, the Canton Daily News savs that fact does not detract from the im- portance of the events which this anmiversary marks, and asks: “Can the name of Kosciuszko perish from among the list of those who zave their all for liberty? Is there one in all of America’s proud history en- titled to a greater measure of honor and reverence than this man Wwho gave everything for a people not of his own blood?” The Asheville Citizen believes “such a life should be familiar to every B———— fnation in 1928. All are waiting to learn whether President Ca idge will be a candidate to s himself. Even President Coolidge's availability as a candidate in 1928 may be affected by the results of this election. If the Republican candi- dates for office, who have urged. that their return to office would be an in- dorsement of ,President Coolidge and his administration and their defeat would be the reverse, should be de- teated in Massachusetts, Ohio, Ken- tucky, New York and other States, immediately croakers would be heard and the burden of their song would be, “That ends the Coolidge availabil- it But would they be right? The President is so differentiated by the voters from the personal political for- tunes of all other men in his party that it is doubtful even the defeat of his close friends would in the end have @ direct bearing on his own golitical fortunes. * % The only Republicans running for elootion in the presert campaign who have been prominently mentioned as presidential possibilities in the eYent of the withdrawal of President Cool- idge from the race in 1928 are Sen: ator James W. Wadsworth, jr., of New York and Speaker icholas Longworth of Ohio. There seems no doubt that Speaker Longworth will be re-elected. Senator Wadsworth, on the other hand, faces a hard battle. The drys are out for his scalp, fear- ing that if they do not kill him oft at this time he may rise to plague them in 1928 or later. If Represent- ative Ogden Mills should accomplish the unexpected in New York this year and defeat Gov. Smith he doubtless would spring into prominence over- night. As Governor of New York in the next two years he would have an opportunity to keep himself in the limelight and to make a record. If both he and Senator Wadsworth were successful at the polls next Tuesday the chances are that Wadsworth would have the New York delegation at the next convention back of him, for Wadsworth controls the State or- ganization, although he is more of- fensive to the drys in the party than is Mills. One New Yorker, a candi- date for the Senate, can have no presidential aspirations, Robert F. ‘Wagner, the Demccratic nominee. Judge Wagnepawas born in Prussia, from and is constitnelonally debarred seeking the phesidency. Americans Gratefully Recall Kosciuszko’s Service to Nation young American, for it teaches that service for others is the highest of all goals, and that one who so devotes himself to the general good wins honors and undying fame, even though at last he falls in defeat. That he fought always for principl he loved and not for personal glory, the Citizen adds, “was proved when he repeatedly refused offers of high commissions in Napoleon's army be- cause the Frenchman would not agree to the restoration of Poland.” * ok ok % ‘“Well may the Poles be proud of this rare spirit,” declares the Allen- town “one of the noblest char- acters in all history, a patriot of two great peoples, a military man of the highest order of skill, an idealist in political government, who, as far as rope was concerned, Was more than_a century ahead of his time.” he New York Times recalls that the volunteer of 1776 was rewarded by promotion to the rank of brigadier general, the privilege of American citizenship, the gift of lands in Ohio, an ann pension, and honorary membership in the Society of the Cin- cinnati. He had always been beloved,” adds the Times, “as a comrade who was gay in the darkest hours, as a host to the poor and the friend of un- fortunate prisoners of war. In his lighter hours he filled the camp with melody by playing his violin like a virtuoso. On his lips liberty and equal- ity were sentiments that came from a clear understanding and a love of humanity.” “The memory of Koscluszko's great service to Amer the Buffalo Eve- ning News points out, “is honored through the establishment of a foun- - | dation which will yearly bring to this country Polish students for post-grad- uate work in American colleges and vill_send Americans to Poland for similar study. This exchange of stu- ts will be of benefit to both coun- culturally, soclally and in other respects.” The Seattle Daily Times feels that “his gift was that of a trained in- telligence, and his memory is best honored through promotion of educa- tion and friendly understanding.” The, Times also records that “military au-* thorities are disposed to place a high estimate on the service rendered by the Polish patriot. He came at a time when his expert knowledge of engi- neering was badly needed. His train- ing at the Royal Military Academy at Warsaw and his post-graduate studies in fortification and engineering in a military -college at Paris equipped him well for the important role he later assumed.” * ®@im e “The ‘living memorial’ to Koscl- uszko” s lauded by the Baltimore Sun, which declares it is “welcomed among the increasing class of projects which have the elimination of inter- national ignerance and prejudice as their aim.” The Sun belleves that “wherever tried, interchange student- ships have proved their worth in for- warding better international under- standing, as well as the more imme- diate practical end of closer economic relationships.” The Providence Bulletin finds it fit- ting that “his memory is perpetuated in a grateful country,” and voices the acknowledgment that ‘“our country owes much to him and to that zealous group of world patriots who caught the fire of young America’s great venture and put in her cause their ex- ceptional abilities. Our indebtedness to them cannot be measured. No one can know the extent to which their energy restored the soul of our enter- prise.” * Reviewing the patriot’s life, the Knoxville Sentinel says: “He returned to Poland in 1786 and joined in_ the defense of that country against Rus- sian domination. He was finally de- feated and imprisoned. Soon he was released and Emperor Paul gave him an estate with 1,500 peasants and handed him his sword, which he re- fused to accept, saying, ‘I have mo more need of a sword, as I have longer a country.’ "