Evening Star Newspaper, March 4, 1926, Page 8

THURSDAY, R THE EVENIXG DG goring. It 15 this characteristic that|a pound a year for each of the Amer- makes the possible sppearance of the fcan people will add 55,000,000 tons STAR, WASHINGTON MARCH 4, 1920, E EVENING STAR! Vi sy i ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY..... . March 4, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . .Editor Fhe Evening Star Newspaper Company . Lustness Office: and Pennsylvanis Ave. York Office: 110 East 342nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. opean Offics:~14 Regent St.. London, England. with the Sunday morn- ered by carriers within « per month: dafly only, Sunday only, 20 cents be rent by mail or s mad> by The Evenin ie edition, oy fiate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. .15r..$0.00: 1 mo., TBe 00} 1 mo’. 50¢ 3.00: 1 mo., 26¢ All Other States and Canada. wd Sundas.1 yr.$12.00: 1 mo. 21,00 onl 1¥e. $R.00:1mo. T8¢ 5 $4.00: 1 mo.. Member of the Associated Press. Press exclusively entitled 1 of all news dis- it ntersien ore. the local news hts of nublication 1 are also reserve T la this paper and a hed hersin. All thecial dlspatihes herels The Board of Public Welfare. age of the bill to establlsh & ;£ public welfare in the District # 'wlumbia by the Senate puts that vortant measure in the way of early wetment. It should have prompt confirmatory action by the House, order that the reform in munieipal inist pro- and pa taking e situation by a body of for that purpose by Commissioners may be long, proposes the abolition of s, the Board of Charities. ard of Children’s Guardians and Joard of trustees of the National ning School for Girls, and the ation of 2 new body, the Board of Jlic Welfare, to replace them and ; exercise thelr duties, with others e specifically assigned. It better administration of { and corrections of the ss overlapping of juris- v a miore consistent and eco- duct of the institutions in tul through which the ili, the infirm, :pendent and the breakers of red for and detained. MHeretofore and at present there is « confusion of jurisdiction, with much cxcess of administrative “overhead” in hese fields. The Commissioners’ pub- ¢lfare commission found upon in- that the ends of justice and of ; were being in some measure ated by this condition, that ener- ies were wasted, and that there was ck yme instances of definitive yesponsibility. Tt carefully studied the utter and heard representatives of Interests and organizations. The sieasure which was framed to em- body its conclusions was subjected to any amendments to meet the views special Interests. When it was sub- itted to Congress it was an effective compromlse of numerous differences and represented the will and the de- «ire of the community. It has since ovis poli in the political collection in this country of particular interest. | Though of a shy disposition in its | Himalayan habitat, the ovis poli, in | cal arena, may develop an aggressive. Iy soclal disposition. Political scien- { tists will observe the Asiatic mammal of character. The present spectmen, which has been brought, 1s, as stated, physlcally defunct. But { there is a certain power of resuscita- tion in the political atmosphere of the country that Is calculated to restore this interesting creature to activity. So it behooves conservative parti- sans to keep a watchful eye on the ovis poll. Authentic portraits of it lw‘lll doubtless be shortly forthcoming. ! Indeed, motion picture films are soon | to be displayed, of course in the in- terest of sclence, though with in- escapable political significance. 8o that it is probable that in a short time, In good season for the next cam- paign, the ovis poli will be made quite famillar to the American voter. e S The Retirement Amendment. A subcommittee of the House com- mittee on civil service has approved the final draft of a bill to amend the retirement law, especially to lib- ! eralize its provisions. The draft will { be now placed before the full com- mittee for, it is hoped, early action {and report to the House. Some delay has been occasioned in the consideration of this measure by llack of information and estimates ! from the Bureau of Efficiency regard- ing the probable cost of a more lib- eral retirement schedule, the subcom- mittee finally proceeding without further waiting for the data. Under the bill as now drawn the maximum annuity will be increased from $720 to $1,200. Retirement at the age of 70 years, after 15 years of service, is made mandatory. After 30 years ot service retirement is to be effect- ed at the age of 62 for the emploves of the departments, save those in the Post Office, for whom the retirement age is fixed at 60 years. It is most desirable that a law be enacted at this session to liberalize the retirement provisions, especially in the matter of the maximum annuity. The present maximum is altogether too low. It is mot a liv- ing compensation. The drop from the active service pay to $720 a year s fn most cases & loss of at least 50 per cent. It is a cruel hardship thus to compel retirement from the service with a loss of half, or, in many cases, more than half, of the income. Most annuitants find it diffi- cult to obtain employment after separation from the Government service. They cannot compete with younger people for the better pay- ing commercial positions and are in most cases compelled to take menial jobs, if, indeed, they are available, at very small rates of pay. Thelr plight is truly pitiable. They can- not live on the pittances provided by the retirement act and they must either toil at some hard task for changes then been further changed to meet certain objections, and in the form in which it passed thesSenate it is doubt- ess the best measure that could be devised to effect the consolidation of | Jurisdiction over the charity and cor- rectional institutions of the District. The pending bill proposes a system ot supervision over charities and cor- rections that will be less expensive, more consistent, more certain of good wdministration, less provocative of friction and misunderstanding, and on the whole more satisfactory than the present. It represents the desire of this community and should be enacted in consideration of the wish of Wash- ington. —— An indiscreet effort is being made 10 muke George Washington scarcely ess prominent as an amateur brewer than as a patriot. A great man should be most considered for his qualities of greatest national usefulness. — et In his league activities, just at present Sir Austen Chamberlain re- gards the subsequent explanation as preferable to the preliminary pro- spectus. . - Whatever may be the matter with Mussolini, it s no nervous trouble induced by an inferi-rity complex. e st The old-time orator has disappeared. We now have the radio announcer. small compensation or seek succor from others. The enactment of this amendment is demanded by every consideration of equity and justice. The annuitants have served the Government faith- fully and efficiently. They are de- serving of the most Iberal treat- ment which the Government can grant. 0 e The Great Maze. It is said that very few Brooklynites know their way around their own town. That erstwhile city, now a borough of Greater New York, is one of the most complicated of all Amer- fcan municipalities. Having “fust growed,” as did Topsy, it isa congeries of small settlements that have been welded by expansion and contact into a maze more difficult of solution than the celebrated labyrinth at Hampton Court. Visitors to New York who have occasion to cross the East River by tube or bridge always have a sense of adventure. If they reach their destina- tion by first intention they have like- wise a sense of achievement. Owing to the complexities of relationship be- tween the different subway systems they may, starting blithely and in high spirits from the Manhattan side, find themselves miles out of course on tho other side of the river, and their plight is often complicated by the fact that apparently few of the attendants on particular lines know anything about ! the free ranges of the American politi- { with keen interest to note its possible ! to the annual consumption. It has been sald that the consump- tion of candy has greatly increased since prohibition went into partial effect in this country, many persons who depended upon alcoholic stimu- |lants finding a substitute in sugar, usually in its concentrated form of eweetmeats. Candy stores have greatly multiplied since the adoption of the elghteenth amendment. There are now 75,000 retailers in the United States, and new shops are being con- stantly established. The business of providing them with supplies is one of the large Industries of the country. Last year they used 425,000 toms of sugar, 50,000 tons of chocolate coat- ing, 7,500 tons of chocolate liquors, 50,000 tons of nuts and 225,000 tons of corn sirup. No figures are at hand regarding the effect of this enormous use of sweets upon American teeth. Perhaps the dentists of the country may throw some light ,upon this question. The British “Dole. Seven years ago the British Parlia- ment enacted & law for the establish- {ment of “unemployment insurance” (by the Government as a means to | tiding over the great numbers of peo- ple, both men and women, who had been released from war service and suspended war industries. This be- came known as the “dole.” It is still !in force, and to date, according to a | report just made to the House of Com- mons, it has cost Great Britain since |its tnstitution nearly £240,000,000, or $1,166,400,000 computed with the pound sterling at par. For the week ending the 20th of February 855,000 persons ‘were *“on the dole.” Some think that the “dole” has saved England from revolution. Oth- ers maintain that it has *‘chloroformed the nation.” It has undoubtedly pre- vented a great deal of suffering. When the armistice was signed, and when demobllization had been effected, a vast army of soldiers and civilians were thrown upon their own resources. Returning soldiers were unable to find work. Many of them discovered that thelr former jobs had either been flllea or were eliminated in the industrial and commercial readjustments inci- dent to and following the hostilities. Beveral hundred thousand women who had been drafted info the industrial army in the manufacture of munitions and supplies without havinx had pre- vious occupation at wages were com- petitors for employment. There were not jobs enough. At times the un- employed totaled more than a million. Without the ‘‘dole” unauestionably there would have been great distress and serfous political danger. As it was, England narrowly escaped a so- cial revolution. Had the labor minis- try which gained power in the second election after the armistice not been wisely led and restrained in its admin- istration of effairs a grave disaster would have ensued. Political conditions are now more stable. Industrial conditions, however, are still far from normal. as the con- tinued maintenance of 855.000 people, by means of the ‘“dole.”” indicates. Gradually, though slowly, this number is being reduced. The bill that Great Britain is paying for this sustenance of the unemployed, however, is an enormous one. The hope has been ex- pressed that the dole can be aban- doned by the end of the decade, or three vears hence. e ‘Whether tax reduction brings about a Treasury deficit or still permits a surplus, the American people can be depended on to take care of the situa- tion intelligently through their gov- ernmental representatives. e King's Tut's position as an econo- mist is not clearly established. How- ever, there is much evidence that he was an advocate of the gold standard 88 o basis of values. ——— ot e SHOOTING STARS. BY PEILANDER JOHNSON. The Arctic Dweller., He was old and young together, For his face held shadows deep, Like a landscape in the weather Where the storms incessant sweep, And he threw aside the curtain, Soft and silken to the touch, And he sald, “Well, folks, for certain, This existence ain't so much! 'Way up yon the wind is howling THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Crawford J. Crawford was in a state of perturbation. What was more natural, therefore, than that he should visit Mary Roque, bright-eyed Mary, private Investigator of the greatest ability, as the French would say 2 Crawford was a large man, im- maculately groomed, backed by much money and more pretension, but a likable chap for all that. He was pleasant to all his friends, Indifferent to his enemies. When a man has reached the place in life where he can act so, he is generally called successtul. Crawford J. Crawford was successful, but was at the moment perturbed also. he thought of Mary. No sooner had he thought of her than he boarded his snappy roadster, and in a few minutes was walking along the corridor to her office. o rapped on the door. “Come in,” sald a soft voice, which Crawford lost no time in answering. ““This is a pleasure, Mr. Crawford,” smiled Mary, with the gleam of the eyes often seen when one is getting a pleasant and wealthy patron. Mary laughed at herselt for smiling so, but immediately thought that she was no different from the rest of mankind. Money, in our day and &ge, rep- resents power, and power is appealing. The man with large resources is the possessor of power, and, if he combines with it pleasant qualities, is a powerful personality. How can it be otherwise? Mary Roque looked upon Crawford J. Crawford in_that light, and so welcomed him. He bowed with great courtesy, reminding Mary of the gal- lants of the old French courts. “What can I do for you, Mr. Craw- ford?” she asked. * k¥ “Some one has walked off with my wine,” sald Crawford. “Your wine?" parried Mary. “Yes, elght bottles of pre-prohi- bitlon wine, that had been in my family for vears and years. a 16 bottles left, and now half of them are gone at one clip.” “Who could have taken them?” “That is for you to find out, young lady.” “Yes,” replled Mary, “but you, be- ing the owner thereof, perhaps have some idea as to. who might have taken them.” “Not an idea, young lady. I feel confident that none of my servants would take that wine. Besides, it basement.” “And who had the key, Mr. Craw- tord?” “I did—here it 18.” he said, drawing forth a brass padlock key. “It has never been out of your pocket ?” “No, except this morning ,when I happened to léave it in the lock.” “Ah! and when did you notice the wine was missing?” “Just now,” answered Crawford, with a sheepish look. “Have you questioned the eerv- ants?’ “Yes, but they all swear they did not take that wine, and I belleve them. They have been with me a long time, and I don’t belleve they would pull such a trick on me.” “T like your confidence in them, but teel that I ought to question them, too. An outsider often finds out American Citizens Blamed For Slumming at Tia Juana American newspaper comment finds Americans themselves largely to blame for the conditions in Tia Juana, the notorious Mexican town in which a whole family—the Peteets of San Diego—committed suicide recently to drown disgrace, Approval is given to steps already taken to clean up the place, and there is an emphatic de- mand for action by the United States Government that will make such a state of affairs impossible in the future. “Americans, while demanding jus- tice, likewise will feel inclined to blush over the fact that the mistreat- ed women placed themselves in posi- tions where mistreatment was possi- ble,” declares the Ann Arbor Times- News, while pointing out also that the parents must share the blame for the affairs, since “the gjrls disap- peared while visiting a saloon in the resort town ‘with their parents.’” The New York World laconically re- marks: “Our people do not have to go to Tia Juana. Most of them have gone in search of that which they found—gambling, disreputable resorts and vice.” L The Long Beach Press-Telegram states that “Tia Juana has been main- tained as a ‘wide open’ resort because of the big patronage that came from the United States. Hence this coun- try,” continues the California paper, “must share in the odium of encour- aging just that kind of a resort. The Peteet tragedy should see a right- 80| had left the house. was locked up In a closet in the|s, other routes. On the surface, things The Ovis Poli. are no better. A map of the trolley Two adventurous young Americans |tracks of the city of Brooklyn looks nave just returned to this country |like an astronomical chart platted with from the Himalayan wilds, where they { the courses of all the heavenly bodies. :ave been huntng certaln rare ani-| Proof of the verity of these com- rals in behalf of the Field Museum of | ments upon the geography of the City nicago. They brought back with|of Churches is afforded by a dispatch em numerous specimens, all dead, |that has come from New York to the At the stars, through half the year, | gpoyt.face policy from the American And the Winter snow comes prowling | side. The human tide that has flowed As it brings a ghostly fear. into Mexico froen‘;‘ lh;‘ (Il"nllfom: m‘i’lg; 1d be st " Taking a Through the hours of long inaction :};g;wm PP s Angeles Express You must wait with spirit vexed; |gayg, “But for American visitors and But you have one satisfaction, the money they npler;:l(, ’l‘_‘l‘; Juana You can tell what's coming ne: wouldn’t Jlast overnight. e way, o then, to clean up Tia Juana, sug- “There the storm will never meet you | gests the Exprvu,(h"l! !o“krp amer- ‘With the semblance of icans from going there. mericans = sl were required to secure passports be- ncluding about 80 large mammals =ud between 800 and 1,000 small mam- :nals, birds and reptiles. Their chief . however, is a skin of the ovis or Marco Polo sheep, scientifi- ally described as an undomesticated, rollow-horned ruminant of the family sovidas. In the absence of a photo- graph of this interesting creature it ay be imagined as something simi- ar to the Rocky Mountain goat of North America, though that specula- tion may be wide of the mark. The ovis poll may have a future in American politics. It is quite certain at it will be identifled with the name of its present discoverer, whose dis- inguished father put another great ammal on the political map some ourteen years ago, shortly after he eturned from s hunting expedition. T progenitor of the present big same hunter did not find that animal in the fleld of his sclentific research. 1* was a native animal, well known, and, to hunters in the northern woods of this continent, quite familiar. It Lus. however, during the last fourteen 1 ears, becomse quite extinct politically. should the ovis poll gain a distinct ce in the political zoo it will run sunter to the claims for distinction of > common or garden goat, which has 1 identified as the symbol of a suc sor of the bull moose party. The er is @ ruminant of a voracious o following effect: A lost street car carrying a score of home-going printers from downtown newspapers wandered through Brook- lyn and ¥Flushing for four hours early yesterday while a new motorman and a traction inspector tried to find their way back to Brooklyn Bridge, where the passengers had got on. ‘When three miles off their route the printers heid a protest meeting. An inspector finally got aboard, turned the car around, and half an hour later ad- mitted that he, too, was lost. With the advent of dawn the maze was solved. Divorce suits have become so fre- quent that they are likely to lose their efficiency as advertising devices. RS The American Sweet Tooth. It used to be said that the Ameri- cans were a nation of gum-chewers. Now it may be claimed that the American people are the champion candy-eaters of the world. Accord- ing to an announcement by the Na- tional Confectioners’ Association, this country in 1926 consumed 825,000 tons of sweets, and it is expected that the records of this current year will go higher. The 1926 consumo- tion, 826,000 tons, means 1,650,000,000 pounds, or about 15 pounds for each in twelve months, pound and @ quarter & month. firmed candy-eaters this may not | States a ppetite, with long, though, at present, somewhat disfigured horns, quite dif- terent in type from the curving horns st the ovis poli, which appear to be @ iather for buttng than for seem a large amount, but for every one such there are many thousands who eat little or no candy from either taste or discretion, or perhaps from egonomic necessity, The addition of man, woman and child in the United ' To con-| And the snowflake will not cheat you, Like a sweet and fragrant flow'r. So, I'd rather be up yonder Where the rules are all the same, And you'll never need to wonder How you'll have to play the game.” Human Natare. “Do you think George Washington used profane language?’ “Don’t know a thing about it,” an- swered Senator Sorghum. “But I'l say I would have if I had been In his place.” The G. H. The ground hog, from my very heart, 1 speak of in regret. In real work he plays no part And never makes a pet. Jud Tunkins says a malefactor of great wealth 1s liable not only to es- cape punishment, but to get popular by declaring dividends. No Cholce. “Do you admire brunettes?"” “You've got to admire 'em. Since ‘we've been using soft coal. there isn't any other kind of complexion.” To the Coal Man. Let's be happy while we may. All the world will soon be gay. Warmth complete will soon be duc | Please accept my I. 0. U. ““After tellin’ de chillun dar ain't no Santa Claus,” said Uncle Eben, “de nex' thing some o' dese smart folks is ginter do is to tell 'em dar ain’t no George Washington,” fore they might cross the border into Mexico, it is reasonable to suppose the rush to Tia Juana soon would nd."” 3 “Tia Juana was not nearly so re- sponsible for the recent horrible trag- edy as is the streak in the makeup of the public that, to say the least, con- tributed much more than 50 per cent toward making It possible,” says the Fort Worth Record-Telegram. ® ok k% love to see wickedness to take a look,” declares the Janesville Daily Gagzette. “They think there is & glamour about this gort of ‘slumming,’ which takes on the air of a soclological study,” continues the Gazette. “Instead, it 1sa study In pure and unadulterated cussedness and crime. Tia Juana should be treated like the bubonic plague and wiped )u":'hs.t Americans have even a greater responsibility than the fact that they ! supply the customers for the town is declared by the Reno Gazette, which explains: “The proof that most of the saloons are owned by Americans and nine-tenths of the persons that' get | their living from them are Americans {18 overwhelming. The Foreign Club, a resort owned by a syndicate of Ameri- can sporting men, is being enlarged to twice its former proportions to accom: modate the expected Spring rush of visitors. LI 2 Observing that “Tia Juana was set up for Americans, not for Mexicans," the Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette sees “little profit in blaming Mexico for the uicerous spot,” as it points out that “Americans are under no compulsion to visit the vice resort and there is “People do and go miles attract a carload of Americans in a yea | nothing else in Tia Juana which would | matte: to the household 1 have you out there in a Jiffy,” announced Crawford, arising. B At tho Crawford mansion, situated in a pleasant part of the eity, Mary found herself conironting a cook, & housemaid, two helpers and a man- of-all-work. The servants answered all questions with so much sincerity that Mary soon dispelled any doubts she might have had about them in her own mind. They had not taken the wine. They thought too much of their master to do so. This much Mary was confi- dent of. Crawford, in the meantime, “Miss,” said the cook, “there ain't but one person who could of took that wine.” “Who do you think?” ‘There was a tinner up here—-"" hi “Yes, and he had to go back to get tools, you know how they do—-" “Yes, he had to go back to get tools, of course.” “I counted his trips, I dia.” “Well, how many trips did he make?" “He made eight.” Mary smiled. ‘“What did he dbring back with him?” “‘ioh. one time he brought a cutter, il “Yes, yes, but what did he take away with him each time?” “A bottle of wine! Eight trips— been? “Who else, indeed!” Mary declded to call on the tinner. He had a little shop a half mile away. The room was small, but there was a larger room behind. The tinner was there. He was a beetle-browed fellow, with a merry twist to his mouth. “Do you fix gutters and that sort of thing?" inquired Mary. “Yes, ma'am,” he replied, continu- ll;llohnmmerl.m at a big sheet of tin. Mary was using her bright eyes for all they were worth. “What can I do for you, miss?” went on the tinner, ceasing to ham- mer. “If T hired you, would you have to make eight trips back to this shup to get tools?” grinned Mary, impudently. Impudence, with Mary, was very be- coming. The tinner grinned, too. “I might only make four, seeing it's you,” sald he, & bit impudently in his urn. “One bottle a trip, eh?’ smiled ary. “Wha—what?” he exploded, drop- ping his tin. “Your bag here is rather heavy— for tin,” suggested Mary, tugging at a big leather satchel at her fest. “But not for wine,” she went on. “You drop that bag!" shouted the tinner, coming forward, his hand ralsed threateningly. “I didn't know a tinner worked with glass,” Mary continued, drawing forth a neat automatic from her purse and pointirg it carelessly in the tinner's direction. “Pick up that satchel,” she went on, “and we'll return those bottles of wine you took by mistake from Mr. Crawford's house. It's too bad you had to make so many trips—and now you've got to make one more!" at Tia Juana go for the purpose of do- ing something they cannot do in the country of which they are citizens,” in- sists the San Bernardino Sun. The Oakland Tribune, stating “it is too late to do anything for the Petests, but not too late to protect others,” affirms: “This Government has the power to act. If it can do no more than demand that all who cross the line carry pass- ports it can thus put an end to a dis- graceful, menacing piace.” CEE R Referring to *“the American order closing the border at Tia Juana from 8 o'clock in the evening until 8 o’clock the following morning,” the Aberdeen Dally World thinks that in this action “the customs department has taken the only effective means to make Tia Juana and Mexico understand that de- cent America disapproves of Tia Juana and will not be satisfled with any clean- up gesture Tia Juana may make.” Not- ing the difference in conditions on the /American and Mexican sides of the bor- der, the Anniston Star records that a “‘suggestion has been made that a neu- tral zone, 50 miles on each side of the border, in which saloons, questionable resorts, racing and other forms of gam- bling would be prohibited, would re- lfeve the situation.” In this same connection the Flgrence Times-News notes that “‘50 miles means only an hour to an hour and a half of motor travel, which would not prove a serious hindrance to people as prospec- tive visitors, and perhaps the greater distance away from the border might cause a greater degree of license, which would offset any advantage gained.” In the meanwhile, according to the Topeka Daily Capital, it s well to re- member that we have had a stable Government “for a century and a half, but it was only recently that we clean- ed out all our sink holes—if we have them all cleaned out.” ‘ Tagging the Guests. From the Portland Evening Express. We were interested i{n reading the other day of a plan adopted in Lon- don soclety of labeling all the guests present at any function of impor tance. The name of the individual and his or Her claim to distinction is printed on a bit of colored ribbon worn on the man's coat lapel or the lady's corsage. The scheme is Lady Asator's, who s an American, and so might be expected to be the author of any innovation in British social usage. Over here we have a plan some- thing llke this, when tags bearing names are provided for those presen: at conventions, club meetings and llke gatherings, but we never have heard of its heing introduced into so clety. How useful the plan might be can readily be conceived. One of the embarrassing features of most for { mal soctal functions is the lack of ac- quaintanceship among the guests Il::ven when any of those present ‘have met” there s frequently doubt @8 to identification, and to avoid speaking to the wrong person many neglect to speak to the right one. This is embarrassing, as we have sald, and sometimes is productive of hard feelings. Helping Some. | [Prom the South Bend Tribune. As long as Bergdoll is held in Ger- | many one cannot say that country is not making a contribution to cviiiza- tion. ! The Real Test. From the Winston-Salem Journal. 1 “The Government of the United States well knows that the vast ma- dority of the persons who cross the line A great man is one who has been dead long enough for his enemies to be dead, tooy PSS, Wi >SS o I ’ The $10,000 Philadelphia prize has lately been awarded for the third time. The recipient this year is Samuel Yellin, metal worker, who has won special distinction by his work In wrought iron. Previ- ously it has been awarded to the leader of the Philadelphia Orchestra, Mr. Stokowski, and to the founder of the Graphic Sketch Club in Phila- delphla, Samuel Flelsher. This prize, established by Edward Bok, is given only to those who have conspicuously served their commu- nity—in other words, who have done a notable service “calculated to ad- vance the best and largest Interests of Philadelphia.” In the Sketch Club that Mr. Fleisher founded have been made better citizens, largely among the forelgn born, and through the medium of art as a common her- itage. It has been a center of pro. duction; it has cultivated high ideals: it has increased norma! Iappiness. The home of the Graphic Sketch Club is in a poor part of the city. Old buildings have been utilize there has been no great expenditure of money, but {ts beneficent Influence has been widespread. ‘Why the Philadelphia prize should have been given to Mr. Stokowsk! need not be explained. Every one knows what the Philadelphia Or- chestra is today and what it means to the people of Philadelphia. Mr. Stokowskl is an idealist, as are all real artists, and he has inculcated his idea!s among the-people of a great city. ERE But that an ironworker should be numbered with such will doubtless by some be found surprising. Yet Sam- uel Yellin likewise has served the community in a large and’ unusual way. He is a master craftsman. He holds art in high reverence. He has produced works of extraordinary beauty—works which compare the splendid creations of European craftsmen of centuries ago. But more than this, he has gathered around him a group of young men as assistants in his workshop and has taught them not only to work in metal, to make fine things, but to respect their art, to find joy iIn creation. He Is now contemplating the establishment of what he calls nother school,” a plan which he has been dreaming of for several vears, a school in which metal work will be taught and carried on as an art, not merely as a business. In this school, he gavs—to quote his own words, “I wish to teach our boys to learn to love and make beautiful things in metal and in my way.” And how wiil he use his prize—to buy him- relf more comforts, to lay by against a rainy day? No. it is to be invested, and the interest wiil “‘enable a worthy boy each vear to go abroad and study the beautiful old metal work in mu- seums.” After all, it is not so strange that the Philadelphia prize for service to the community should have gone to Samuel Yellin. ok kW It was Samuel Yellin who made the memorial gates for the Harkness Tow- er at Yale—gates which show in their design modern motives, rendered, how- " BY FREDERIC ). HASKIN. Q. Where are grapes grown in commercial quantities?—W. S. H. A. The following foreign countries !produce grapes in commercial quan- titles: France, Italy, Spaln, Greece, Persia, Germany and Russia. Grapes are produced under glass in Belgium, Holland and England. The leading States in the production of grapes are California, New York, Ohio, Pennsyl- vania, Michigan, Missouri, Illinols, lIm‘ll.nns. Arkansas and North Caro- Ina. Q. Does barbarian mean always & heathen or inferfor people?—N. A. N. A. As used by the: Greeks, bar- barian was a term to designate a for- elgner, ore who could not Greek. Q. How long have men worn high silk hats?—T. G. A. This dress hat is about 150 vears old. It was first made in Flor- fence, but came to America from London and Paris. Q. When did_the industrial revo- lution occur in England?—L. R. A. The industrial revolution {s generally regarded as being instituted by a series of inventions which were made in England beginning about 1760. These inventions completely revolutionized methods of industry, and therefore introduced a new indus- trial era. It {s correct, however, to say that there had been many years of preparation. The years immediately preceding the industrial revolution showed a great advance in mental activity, Q. What is the New York Board of Regents?—L. C. D. A. The Board of Regents of New York controls the system of educa- tion of the State and consists of 12 members, one from each of the 9 judicial districts of the State and 3 others at large. Each member ls elected for a term of 12 yeara by a joint session of the twa houses of the Legislature held the second week in February. Their duties include the apportioning of funds for Stafe education, promotion of cultural work, conduct of examinations, awards of certificates, diplomes and degrees, admission to certain prufes- slons, regulation of the certification of public accountants and nurees, granting of all educational charters in the State and the indication and provision for a continufty of training and the approval of the school books of the State. . Where was the canal built by the Pharaohs that was a forerunner of the Suez Canal?—F. J. P. A. The route of the Suez Canal. as constructed by Ferdinand de Les- seps In 1856, followed the route of the canal constructed In the earl Egyptians’ history by the Pharaohs. Qfi Are gorse and whin the same’- A. Gorse, furze and whin are a names for a thorny shrub of the pea family which grows abundantly the hills of northern England anc Scotland. Q. Are thers any regulations to be observed by radio amateurs who ex periment with spark coll transmisston’ —H. H. P. A. The radio division of the Depart ment of Commerce says that all radi. transmission stations, including ama teurs, must and can only be lawfull: operated by virtue of a license issued by the Department of Commerce. Q. What s the length of life of the fresh water mussel?—S. P. A. It has been sald that if a musse is not molested it is possible for it t live from 15 to 20 years. Q. When should tullps and cinths be taken out of a cold fru and subjected to a temperature tween 60 and 65 degrees in oraer o bloom for Easter?—T. H. T A. Tullp and hyacinth bulbs should be taken in about four weeks before Easter if they are submitted to a tem perature of from 60 to 65 degre It is better to bring them in six weeks before Easter, and reduce the tempera ture to G5 degrees. Q. Is there really a town called San. taclaus?—R. H. 2 A. There is a town by this name in Spencer County, Ind. In 1920 it hac & population of 100. Q. Is Switzerland under prohfbition? —R. V. C. A. At the present time 1s not under prohibition, tilled from fruits, etc., being under Government control, while alcoho! distilled from potatoes and corn since 1886 has been controlled by monopoly. A recent effort was made to extend the tederal control to the entire alcoholio product, but this failed to pass. | Switzerland hol din Find out whatever you want to know. There is no room for igno=- rance in this busy world. The per- son who loses out is the ome who guesses. The person who gets on s always the one who acts upon reli- able information. This paper employs Frederic J. Haskin to conduct an information burecau in Washington for the free usg of the public. There is mo charge edcept 2 cents tn stamps for return postage. Write to him today for any facts you desirs. Ad- dress your letter to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederio J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. 0. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Wonders are being accomplished by ever, with that grace and finish, that | science, espectally in the extension of splendid sense of balance and fitness |the power of the radio. in design which set apart the products | predicted by a notable scientist that of the great Ironworker. For many |the day will come when the radio may of the leading public bufldings he has | catch the vibrations of voices which been employed to make screens and'|spoke in previous ages, for there are gates, lanterns, locks and other neces- | not only scientific dicta as to the “in sities of a building, so that in the hur- | destructibility of matter,” but Hke- rying business life these things stand | wise of the eternal continuance of It s now | out as examples of American crafts- manship. as things of beauty. And this is well. Work in any me- dium should to some extent evidence the qualities of the medium. wrought-iron grill obviously should not suggest & work of filigree silver, but, on the other hand, so exquisite are some of the patterns in wrought iron that they bring to mind the beau- tiful designs found in examples of Renalssance lace; likewise are they suggestive of medieval carvings in stone. Thus through all mediums rung a similar thread, declaring the kinship of all artistic expression. % e Quite recently an ironworker from abroad by the name of Brandt has been exhibiting in this country.. He, too, i3 a great craftsman. and his de- signs in wrought or forged iron have been adapted by one of our great silk manufacturers for the patterns of new woven and printed fabrics; in fact, the salesrooms of Cheney Brothers, New York, have been completely redeco- rated and reconstructed with Brandt’s fronwork as their chief feature. Ex- amples of Brandt's metal work adapt- ed to furniture and other articles of utility are to be seen at the present time in the exhibition of modern decorative art brought over from Paris and now on view in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. It Is interesting to know that we have In this country craftsmen equal- ly skillful and quite as original and well patronized. This is called a com- mercial age, yet there are many en- in purely commercial enter- prifes who have felt it well worth while to secure, at the higher price which handwork commands, the works of S8amuel Yellin and Edgar Brandt, rather than that produced through mechanical process, so-called cast fron. One of the men who have worked with Samuel Yellin, a pupil, earlier still, of the Pennsylvania School of Industrial Art, {8 now In charge of the iron work for the great Sweden- borglan Church at Bryn Athyn, Pa. Others are finding similar commis- slons. Some day it will be necessary to have such work done for our ca- thedral here on Mount St. Alban, and when that time arrives it {s comfort- ing to know that there are craftsmen in this country to whom it can be intrusted. LI Tt {8 amazing how much fine crafts- manship has come in demand in these later years. The buflding of the Academy of Sciences in this city is a splendid example of fine craftsman- ship in detalled ornamental work com- bined with architectural design, sup- plementing, beautifying, ornamenting in the true senge of the word, the structure to which it belongs. The main doorway of the Czechoslovakian Church in New York, designed by John V. Van Pelt, is another example, a case where sculptor and architect and architectural designer have work- ed together in perfect unison and com- plete sympathetic harmony to pro- duce a splendid work of art. Serbian elements of design have been used, Lut they have been used in a way which is suitable and which gives them new significance. ‘Whatever one wants in this coun- try now in the way of fine workman- ship can be supplied if one knows where to seek. To some extent, this is in part a result of the war, when the allen was recalled and ¢he respon- sibility of production had to be met by native workers, but to a still larger extent it is the result of demand. No craft can flourish without patron- age, indeed one may ‘enlarge this statement to include the fine arts, Great art has invariably been brought forth in response to demand. ok ok A The amusing little play, “Charm,” given here recently, was a distinct travesty on forced estheticism. Stu- dio life In New York was frothily de- picted; the words ‘‘charm” and “charming” oft repeated. They are perfectly good words, as we’all know, but, ke art, have been so misuse that they do not invariably convey the true meaning. There is little art, |as a rule, alas, to be found in the art department of the great retail store which would more properly be called by the name of fancy work; or in the art deglrtment of the daily news- paper, Wi has to do chiefly with mechanical process and current illus- toaticns Jt e this misuse of words vibrations of the ether. The waves may not be caught in the exact spot of their origin, but, like soldlers in the enemy's country, they are for- ever “somewhere” in eternal and infl- nite space. t may be assumed that such per- fection of radio listening in as will enable us to hear back through cen- turies {s not yet achleved, but may we not experiment in listening in enough to hear snatches of what the nations’ premiers have said within the last month? They have all been telling of thelr dreams and giving their excuses for what their country is charged in sins of omission and commission. In the absence of the true wave length which would “get” Marc An- tony’'s oration over Caesar's dead body, let us hear Mussolini as he tells of greater Rome and how Italy is to eclipse the Roman Emplre. Signor Mussolini commends the “regularization of the debt problem but whether he is aiming at the re- caleftrant United States Senators or dealing with generalities is not dis- tinctly caught. Perhaps there was too much static to hear him clearly, especially on Capitol Hill As to Locarno, he says “it is a new factor toward the recovery of Europe.” Addressing himself espe- clally to England, he speaks of Gibraltar, which makes Great Britain a Mediterranean state, as is Italy, hence, he extends the hand of cordial greeting. He even condescends to say the “intellectual attributes of the English and Itallans admirably com- plete each other.” So he thinks Eng- land and Italy “should have a more reciprocal comprehension.” Italy is trying to teach her sons the virtu that made Rome great and Grea Britain has forged a great empire on the anvil she got from Rome—so how like two peas in a pod are the English and the Italians! voice fades before he discusses Eng- land's approachment to Germany and Austria, and the waves seem to cross with others coming from France. * %ok * It is the voice of Poincare, but the hand of Briand. M. Poincare has been President of France—even ha been premier, which is of far greater power. He is explaining what hap- pened to him and France: By the dual election system candidates for election to the Chamber of Deputies were bound too closely to the de- fense of purely local Interests. A compromise was agreed upon: A hybrid which preserved the defects of the old system, however, while It encouraged electoral coalitions. When Germany failed to pay her re tions account I'rance had to re war'’s damage at her own expense and trust to future collections. That made France pinched financially. Then there was a world-wide con. spiracy against French exchange— there came a collapse in the franc; it wasn’'t worth & nickel. Premier Poincare had to meet the collapse in money value by proposing to in- crease taxes one-fifth. In most prov- inces the opposition cried, “No more taxes!” which cry was as seductive of votes as if it had promised “No more war.” Poincare fell. e-established the French em- at the Vatican. His succes sors, the Cartel government, unter- took to abolish it, in the policy of Before his fall he ‘Whlch often gives the impression that art is a superticial thing—worse still, at times almost a disease, to which Jected; whereas in truth art is a seri- ous matter and charm a rare quality, difficult to capture. There is little that is impractical or affected in the shop of Samuel Yellin one of Philadelphia’s much-traversed streets, with straight front and order ed openings ornamented by wrought iron balconfes and a swinging iron sign. But here art and utility |hand in hand. Useful, !ticles are made not only {but beautiful, and through beauty of design, their fineness workmanship, ~gharm the charming. Here is a robust art practiced not only with skill, but virlli= ~ thing of our own time ana generg-emu—ene mater! tion of i their But_his | Poincare says so himself—so that the weak-minded are particularly sub-| —a plain enough looking building on | of | eye—are | separating church and State. M. Poincare relates how that stirred up more excitement than the invasion of the Rubr, and how in one y cabinets fell. “For vears F be handicapped,” old, “but she will meet her obliga tions of peace and civilization.” He did not speak clearly about meeting the same to the United States Treas ury, but static is confusing on long distance transmission. ® % % Twirling the disk, one gets the w of Gen. Pangolas, dictator of Greece, who has suspended the Greek con- stitution, “There is distrust toward politicians,” he remarked have converted their high means of livelihood.” States_patofs, they are mo: ers.) He assures us that pa constitution remain in while he 1s in control, and he v meddle with foreign interests if for eign governments will let Greece alone and maintain the status quo in the Balkans. Any one who likes to do so may “strike” oil in Asia Minor, but they must not strike Greece i1 the Balkans. Now, let us see if we can n on n. We listen in, in the midst of travelogues and excitement The King and Queen are of a flight across the Atlantic with the aviato nco. will miss me v, 80 Primo de Rivera ns? ‘R!\em is the Col. House™ Spain, In 1923, murders we ring daily. A certain high s was ready to turn over to tionists all or, of industr; vera took the army and aight ened out things on the King's high way,” and even jolned up with t French army, and together they most whipped the Riffs in Africa. Having done a good job, they gave back their power and are now awalt- ing the glory of the ages. Rivera took many words to tell all that glory d ok % ok | _“Aber nun sprechen wir Deutsch'— jor would if we could say it with S‘resemann, the foreign minister of the German republic. He told how the second London conference had led to the Dawes plan, which led to ts Ing the United States Sen: conference found Gen. Dawe: followed Locarno and Ge: plication for a front League of Natlons. Strese special stress upon German for the peace of Europe tune talking Ocear But long o : oceur 1thorits revolu seat passtor There was no direct England, but that country is aghas: at the speedy approach of May 1. | At present, the o n tha coal is being mined in nd is the | subsidy swhich enables i pay the high essage fron will be out of employm: ing for food. revolution uniess sor probiem is found. C. serfous than at Versailles armistice, % % When the Versailles setties the war split Austria, it cr country out of some of the Jugoslavia, made up of Serbs |and Slovenes. The Serbs : Greek Orthodox Churcl are Catholic. Premier Montch chich tells us that there fs jfriction there. Those pe | centurfes slaves; they liberty, and are hard nt to fund their de but have not paying interes Nint o churel to Amerlca hle to hegl premier to It is a long | Orient, but the 1 | buzzing when one {on Javan or China. Jurope to great S 1o tune iy is the cen 1\ may de- cide the fate of the nation is organiz | ing there now. I Japan sings peace, except wher wires cross with Sovlet Russia's volce of conquest. Baron Matsul, Ambassador to London, that his country is producing rice she 11 the to the that end half a ¢ known t she is one of the gr The wc¢ i= a living, breathing t*ing community, filled with “soune nd fury” when one listens in to its volces, yet fllled, too, with peace to men of good will. onyTigit. 1930, b7 Panl V. Loliamd