Evening Star Newspaper, October 2, 1925, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR Witk Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY...,....October 2, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Businese Office: 11gh St and Pennevivania Ave. s SR Fourr R cago Office: Tower ; Furopea Ofive: - 14 Rexent St.. London. Enxland The Evening Star. with the Sunday mor- Inz edition. fs delivered bv carricrs wlt! iy the city at 60 cents per month: daly only. 85 cente Toer’ manth: undiy onts; 20 Gintd n rdera may he v m telephons Main 5000, Coliection is made by «arrier at the end of sach month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginla. aily and Sundas....1yr. §840: 1 mo aily only 5 1 %0 $8.00: 1 mo unday omly!lllll1] 1 yr. $2.40:1 mo.. All Other States. Daily and Sundas. . s10.00 alT onit 1200 Sunday only $3.00 1 mo 1 mo P lmo! 15 T A Member of the Associated Press. Tha Associated Pross je excinsivels entitled 80 the us- for teputlication of all news dis. Fatihes eredited to it or not stherwis cred td In' this paver and aisn the local news Dublished Rerein. ' Al rights of pubilcation of special 180 reserved. herein a The Unsettled Debt. America’s final proposal to th French Debt Commission—the pay ment of $40,000,000 a vear for five Years, with the understanding that definite funding of France’s war debt he postponed until the end of that period—was the only course remain- ing, in view of the wide difference of opinion that existed hetween the nch and American Debt Commis- sions. An impasse had been reached. It is to be regretted that the French commission 1is leaving the United States without having assented even to this proposal, which goes no fur- ther than its own estimate of France's ability to pay during the next five years. M. Calillaux, the minister of finance and head of the debt commlis- sion, has promised to submit the American proposal to his government and to give an answer as soon as pos- sible. It would appear that the gov- ernment of France could do no less than accept. A refusal doubtless would encourage the belief in the United States that France has no real intention of settling this very just debt, and France cannot permit that belief to grow. The attitude of France has been un- fortunate in the debt negotiations, from which so much was hoped by that natfon, by the United States and by the rest of the world. The senti- ment of the United States Government toward the funding of the Frencn war debt was well understood in France, but while professing its willingness to pay, the French commission entered the negotiations from the start as a bargainer, not so much concerned with justice as with a desire to get off as cheaply as possible. Had the French come to the conference table with a frank admission of the debt and a statement that France intended to pay it to the utmost of its capacity, an entirely different atmosphere would have been created than when, at the opening of the negotlations the French put forward a proposal that was so ri- diculously low, that begged off so much of the debt, it could only be regarded as a trial balloon, the first step, for example, in a horse trade. At the bottom of the difficulty over the war debt lies the unfortunate propaganda spread among the peo- ple of France since the close of the war that the war debt to the United States is not a moral obligation. Of course, the debt exists. The United States holds demand notes given by France, bearing 5 per cent interest. There is no fiction about that. As long as those notes remain unsatisfied by @ definite funding arrangement or payment France will continue in the position of a debtor. The effect of the failure of the French government to agres to the five-year proposal now put forward by the United States might well re- flect seriously on the efforts ot France to set her financial house in order. The French, as is generally known, are anxious to obtain further loans, and America is the great money mar- ket of the world today. It can scarce- 1v be expected that the Government of this country would view with fequanimity loans by American bank- ers to France as long as France con- tinues to decline to make any settle- ment—even temporary—of the French Gebt to the United States. Before coming to America, M. Cail- Jaux had reached a tentative agree- ment with Great Britain regarding France's debt to that country. It will be interesting to observe now what the effect of the negotiations in ‘Washington will have on the con- summation of that settlement with Great Britain. France sought here terms of settle- ment that were more favorable than those entered into by Great Britain in her settlement with the United States and more favorable than those which France herself has tentatively made in regard to the French debt to the British. She sought terms from the United States more favorable than those included in the debt settlement of Belgium with America. She sought terms that could not be granted. ‘When it had become evident finally that the American and French com- missions were so0 wide apart—a ‘billion dollars apart—that further negotia- tions would be futile, the word was carried to President Cooldge, and the President, as on more occasions than one in the past, made it clear that he firmly adhered to the Ameri- can pokition on the war debts. Like the Bellman in Lewls Carroll's “Hunt- ing of the Snark,” the President, in assenting to a break in the negotia- tions, might well have mused: Now, that you've stated the whole } of your case, i dfore debate would be simply -ob- L sura” Maj. Sullivan. The death of Maj. Daniel Sullivan causes widespread regret. The public had been told often that the major was sick, but it had no reason to be- leve that he was near the end of his courss. The District authorities will and nearly all persons in the District would share if they could the grief of his family and close friends. It is not easy to think that Maj. Dan, for years big, strong, rugged and hearty, lies dead at 63 years. When he was re- tired as major of police a few days ago at his request the Commissioners and others wished him long life and happiness. All persons thought that the major deserved good treatment by the District, and hoped that he would be happy and jolly to the end of life and that the end was a long way off. ‘When Maj. Dan came to the force in 1889 he was a generous fellow with a man’s heart, a good supply of brains, abundance of courage and fine physique, gnd he had a normal man's outlook on life and his fellow crea- tures. As he progressed, grade by srade, and became sergeant, licuten- ant, captain, Inspector, assistant su- perintendent and major, Dan Sulli- van's mind broadened, and he de veloned a4 good deal under the teach- ing of experience, but the fundamental character of the man underwent no nge. He never became “hard- boiled,” pompous, crafty or cunning Those disagreeable traits were not in bim. Men who knew him well could see in Maj. Danlel Sullivan Officer Dan Sullivan of thirty years ago. Nobody ever thought of Dan Sulli- van as other than an honest man. A { thought to do a tricky or low-minded bing to gain advantage for himeelf {could mot occur to him. Some men might complain that there have been van’s manner toward them has lacked finesse and the polish of a king's courtier, but if the circumstances be inquired into it will be found that Daniel Sullivan had a good deal of provocation before he expressed him- {self in forcible police English. He was a brave man and many old friends mourn. God rest his soul! ——————— Col. Mitchell’s Plan. Col. Mitchell's testimony before the President’s special air board contained no more useful chapter than can be found in {ts concluding sentences. For it was at this point that he rendered concrete his hitherto vaguely defined concept of a separate air force. Scrutinized with care, the project urged by Col. Mitchell seems to differ materially from what was generally understood to have been originally ad- vocated by him. Here is no all-grasp- ing consolidation under whicn Navy and Army would be deprived of that intimate relationship to the air units serving them which has been soundly held essential to efficlency. Under the Mitchell plan there would be with the fleet planes and person- nel adapted to and trained for the spe- cial mission of service at sea. The preliminary training in flylng _and aerial combat for the personnel in- volved would be in the air force schools. Their finished naval training would be conducted by the Navy. Col. Mitchell estimates that the Navy would need about 300 planes, including a 50 per cent reserve, with a personnel of about 230 flying officers and 200 ob- servers, with 10 non-flying men at- tached to each plane, with a reserve of 50 per cent for the pilots and a like reserve for the ground men. . He con- cedes that the Army needs a certain air force for what he terms its do- mestic economy—that is, for recon- noitering the ground in front of it, for regulating and adjusting artillery fire and for keeping open communication between its parts. He would leave it to the Army to determine its require- ments in this respect, but he suggests planes and personnel equal to or slightly in excess of what he believes are needed for the Navy. Then, with the peculiar require- ments of the Army and Navy provided for by their own air units, he would have the big job of aerial national de- fense taken over by the separate air force, organized and trained primarily for an aerial combat and commanded by men who had actual flying expe- rlence. It is his idea that both the Army and Navy should have aviation auxiliaries, just as the Navy has a military auxiliary in the Marine Corps and the Army has a naval auxiliary in its transport, but that there should be a third distinct branch of the national defense organized to cope with the new problems of combat in the air. Such a proposal, well thought out and coming from a conservative source, would be entitled to and would be glven careful consideration. It ought not to be dented that considera- tion merely because in presenting it Col. Mitchell has seemed to take de- light in stepping on other people's toes. Its merits—and they would seem to be many—=are neither added to nor detracted from by the theatricals of its presentation. ——————— The Darwinian theory has at least afforded people a chance for con- troversy without requiring them to go on record as to how they are going to vote. Disputation on abstruse themes has its restful advantages. ——————— Calling upon a cabinet official to re- sign is one of the privileges of every citizen who is willing to take his pen in hand end address a communication to his favorite newspaper. —_——t———— Ponce de Leon went to Florida in search of the fountain of youth. His project has been superseded by the quest of the inexhaustible purse of Fortunatus. ————— Redds Corner. Redds Corner gets a ray: of lime- light. One might almost say that the enthusiastic people of the Corner have put it on the map, but it has been on the map, or on a map, for many years, the map of Prince Georges County. But it 1s not there as Redds Corner. It is there as Camp Springs. Yeirs ago—fifty or more—it was thought that in the name “Redds Corner” there was dearth of dignity. and that the name Camp Springs was more impressive. “Camp Springs” called to mind the camp meetings that used to be held in & plous grove not remote from the Corner, and the new name paid honest tribute to the good springs that rose in the vale of Tink- ers Branch. The Star's recent report of cer- tain events or “carryings-on” at Redds Corner was more or less unfortunate in two ways. The reporter spelled it i times when Officer Dan or Capt. Sulli- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. tional slight on the man who kept store at the corner half a century or 80 ago, and whose name was dignified by & double “a A turther injustice was done when it was sald in the story that Reds Corner s on the road from Washing- ton to Upper Marlboro. This shows how uncertain and capricious is Fame. One might believe that the whole 1 world knew that Redds Corner was on the ancient road—buyjit about a cen- tury ago—that runs from Good Hope to Silver Hill, Surrattsville and T. B. Redds Corner rests on a plateau three miles southeast of Silver Hill and about three miles north by a little west of Surratts. The Corner is formed by the T. B. road and an old-fashioned dirt road which leads from the Potomac at Broad Creek to the Washington and Marlboro pike at Meadows. The Cor- ner is really a crossroad, and in an angle of the crossroad Redd set up his store when the roads, now so old, were new. The mail stage used to stop at the store. The cause of the commotion at Redds Corner was that a number of persons, most of them living else- where, celebrated with too much en- thusiasm™the marriage of Mrs. Estelle Windsor and Mr, N. O. Day. The newlyweds were serenaded with horns, cans and rattles, and the serenaders fired shotguns and pistols. In the dis- {turbance, the report says, the bride was_slightly, and, of course, uninten- tionally, hurt by being struck with a | stick. Here are echoes from the past. This was not a serenade, but a charivari. The charivari—variously spelled—was common among the rustic peoples of Europe a thousand vears ago. It was used as a boisterous expression of good humor or {ll humor. It was especlally popular in France 700 or so years ago as a means of giving a “send-off’” to new married couples. The people of Redds Corner used the charivari in its historic sense. In some way our old-fashioned peo- ple came to call these rustic serenades “calithumpian concerts.” The concert at Redds Corner seems to have been a trifle noisy. The stern people of the neighborhood will probably keep the charivari spirit under control in the future, for times have changed in a thousand years, and what was once routine incident now takes on head- line-compelling importance. — e Nothing further has been heard of the bandits who attempted to kidnap motion picture stars. A serious effort to kidnap anything as conspicuous as 2 motion picture star would be some- thing like trylng to steal the Wash- ington Monument. Calllaux has left much of the solu- tion of debt problems to posterity. In some types of diplomacy a postpone- ment is regarded as more or less of a triumph. e Conservative investors continue to discover an immense amount of valu- able real estate that is not located in Florida. ———re—. The Army and the Navy find alr service an embarrassment in time of peace because of its extensive possi- bilities of supremacy in time of war. ———ree Russian politics still has a long way to go before it can command the ad- miring confidence extended to the Rus- sian ballet. —— e The Riffs are anxious to call off the fight with France. In this kind of an encounter there is no “short end of the purse’ for the loser. —_————— Many grave questions remain unde- termined. But the passing of Septem- ber at least decides beyond doubt that the old straw hat must go. ————————— As President of Germany Hinden- burg is displaying a rare and tactful talent for self-effacement. ————————— Uncle Sam finds local talent suf- ficient to ‘supply any reasonable de- mand for oratorical agitators. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Individuals and Nations. When financial obligations Terrify the honest mind We assume inferior stations Ana to joy are disinclined. When a person owes ten dollars, He obsequiously hollers For a few procrastinations Of a charitable kind. But when affairs of nations Show a debt that lags behind, In the stress of new relations New perplexities we find. ‘When folks owe & billion dollars A new system promptly follers, ‘We pursue negotiations Much more genercusly designed. Sagactous Silence. “Are you going to deliver any speeches when Congress assembles?"” No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “The secret of successful politics just now is not to start an argument as to what you are talking about, but to keep people guessing as to what you are thinking about.” Counting the Cost. Economy has made men meek Amid disputes extensive. Another war no one should seck. It would be too expensive. Jud Tunkins says he goes to church every Sunday, but the temptations of week days make his morality a six-to- one shot. Parental Confidence. “You are very proud of your new baby.” “Yes,” answered the young father. “He's. voice is so powerful that he is going to be a wonderful singer if we can teach him to keep'on the key.” Suspense! Investigations follow fast And cause us dizziness. For most of them become at last Unfinished business. “Dar is 50 much shiverin® on de ball- room floor,” said Uncle Eben, “dat I C, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Many people today shy at the word “God,” yet, in the final analysis, find it impossible to discover a better term, despite the teachings of evolu- tion. “Good God!” said:Seneca, long ago, with a touch of petulance, “Why not God Several letters I have recelved re- cently from readers show beyond per- adventure that many Washingtonians feel much the same way about it; that, instead of straining the diction- ary for other words, they are willing to settlo down for life with the fa- milar concept of God, the Creator, as_good enough for them. F. L. M, u well known local at- torney, commenting upon the reviews arles Darwin’s “Descent of and “Origin of Species” in this column, asks for_an epitomizing of The Dogma of FEvolution” by Louis . More, professor of physics at the University of Cincinnati Among the excerpts from the book, sent wme by my correspondent, the foilowing was especlally interesting: Many of us do not see why the fdea of an incomprehensible natural law is more rational thun the idea of R God. Again, is a universe created out of nothing and set going by a Creator, and Ruler, a less satisfactory belief than a universe uncreated, or self-created, and set golng. by its own natural laws? “It almost seems as if men of science belleved that a natural law Was an entity exlsting before the phenomena which it classifies; for ex- ample, that the law of organic evolu- tion brought into being the first organism which appeared on the earth.” * ok ox % Miss J. S. . sends me a letter in which she speaks so eloquently of “God, who is our home,” that I must reprint it in full. She writes: “Permit me to Introduce myself as one of your constant readers and to thank you especially fér your manner of handling notable poems. The pub- lic needs such articles to translate for it the power of the poets, not only to filrlarm but to help in the affairs of . “Great poets are by rights great teachers. Their Insight, together with thelr gift of expression, clothes them with pecullar power to {llumine and force home great truths. The magic that lies In the touch of genius has proved conclusive upon many a point at issue, winging the arrow of con- viction to the mark. *‘For this reason, in times of heated controversy, it is often well to turn to one of these great teachers. I would like. therefore, in view of the sudden rush of Interest, for the mo- ment, in the subject of evolution, to recall to your mind those matchless lines of Prof. Willlam Herbert Car- ruth, entitled ‘Each in His Own Tongue." “In the compass of those few lines Prof. Carruth has portrayed in mar- velous fashion the oneness of all ree- ords that are written by the same Divine Hand. The four pictures sil- houetted in the verses witness each to that truth, regardless of whether the record is now traced through the backward gropings of sclence into an unfathomed past or i visioned in the compelling heauty of Nature as it lies about us today, or whether it is dimly discerned throuxh the far-outreaching of the soul toward the Beyond, or is plainly witnessed to In sacrificial acts of consecration. “The lines bear internal evidence— soul-satisfying evidence—of the truth they teach, and that suffices. We read them with a rense of conviction and of exultation of spirit. Argument is outdistanced. They leave no room to doubt that the imprint of Divine au- thorship must be equally upon all rec- ords which bring us unfailingly to the same goal—to ‘God, who is our home.’ ““The poem has in vears past made such a wide appeal and taken such & hold upon hearts, that ]I belleve, if just at this time, you were to make it the subject of one of your articles —publishing it in full and analyzing it after your fashion, so as to bring out with strong emphasis the truth that Prof. Carruth has {llumined— such an article might prove a very constructive effort toward focusing public attention upon that truth. “I feel sure that any such article from your pen would claim a widely sympathetic reading. I, accordingly, inclose a copy of the poem, hoping that you will kindly consent to use it for this purpose.” * %% Prof. Carruth’'s well follows: A firemist and & planet. A crystal and a cell A eliyhsh and s saurian. Aud caves where the cavemen dwell Tien A sense of Taw und heauty. And a face turned from the clod— Some call it Evolution. And others call it God. A ha Th known poem (0B the far borizon. nfinite, tender sky. The ripe. rich tint of the cornfleld And’ the wild geese sailing hig And'ali ‘over upland and lowfand. The charm of the golden rod— Some of 'ua eall it ‘Antumn And others call it God. Like tides on a crescent sea beach, When the moon is new and thin. Into our hearts high yeamings Come welling and surging in: Come from the myatic ocean hose rim no foot has tro Some of us call it Longing, And others call it Gou A picket frozen on duty, mother starved for her brood, Socrates drinking the hemlock, And Jesus on the rood: And millions who, humble and nameless, The straght. hard pathway trod Some call it Congecration. ‘And others call 1t God A noble poem, truly; a poem that brings home not only the truth which it preaches, but also .the futility of arguments and petty divisions, and the essential nobility of the name- less millions who live the best lives they can. The first of these themes my correspondent has touched upon so capably that any more I might add would be redundant; I will content myself with considering the remaining two, the futility of argu- ments and the real nobllity of the nameless ones who strive after righteousness. The futility of our ceaseless mental strife is nowhere better seen than in the perpetual bickerings over forms of religlon, which get us no place and add neither to the glory of God or man. ‘Whether one calls it God or Evolu- tion, the power of creation is some- thing great, so sublime, indeed, that our little minds refuse to grasp it. The ancient records, it seems to me, handled the matter somewhat better than we do, when they made the very name of God sacred, and scarcely to be uttered. To listen to some of our modern preachers of the Gospel speak of God, a stranger from another world might be forgiven for imagining that the min- ister had God to breakfast every morn- ing. in such familiar terms does the speaker address Him to whom & thou- sand years is as a day. The nobility of the millions who, “humble and nameless, the straight, hard pathway” tread, is demonstrated around us every day, vet we are so used to the usual—if one may express it that way—that commonly we do not realize their worth. Yet as long as hundreds of voung men are willing 1o give up their Sun- day afternoons, and go out of our churches to canvass for converts to the religion of Jesus Christ, as is done in some sections of the National Cap- ital almost every week, we need not fear for our country, which has had the good sense to put on its coins, not “In Evolution We Trust,” but: “In God We Trust.” WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. It's been a long time since Wash- ington was the simultaneous scene of S0 many major news situations as those which are now gripping public attention. Correspondents and report- ers are in the plight of people to take in a four-ring circus with a single pair of eyes. First came the Mitchell air- craft hulabaloo. Then the French debt negotiations reached the boiling point. While they were sizzling, the Interparliamentary TUnlon came to town. Then the Shipping Board and President Coolidge went to the mat — over the question of whether Admiral Palmer should walk the pldnk. The Capital's news sleuths bitterly be- moaned the famine they had to en- dure all Summer. But events of the Autumn are more than making up for it. The coming Winter, with Congress in the limelicht again, threatens to be more thrilling still. * k¥ % ‘Woodrow Wilson used a steamship, the George Washington, for diplomatic purposes at a critical perfod of the Paris peace conference. When the history of the French debt parley here is written, it will be revealed that Joseph Caillaux used the French liner, La France, as a diplomatic lever, too, President Wilson threatened to board his ship at Brest and go home if the allied peace commissioners did not im- mediately get down to brass tacks on certain propositions he was pressing. Finance Minister Calllaux was not quite so imperious in Washington. But he kept on reminding Messrs. Mellon, Hoover, Kellogg, Smoot, et al, that France was tugging at her anchor In New York Harbor, with steam up and waiting for him to sail for home on October 2. There's little doubt that the determination of M. Cafllaux to leave America on that date, agreement or no agreement, spurred the American commissioners into final action. * ok ok ok The Interparliamentary Union, which is now turning Washington into a modern Babel, has no official status in any country, and can do little but talk and recommend. But it has a rec- ord of great constructive achievement for all that. The second Hague peace conference called by the late Czar of Russia in 1907 was the direct result of the initiative taken by the Interparlia- mentary Union at its conference in the United States three years previous. ‘The union met on American soll at the invitation of the Louisiana purchase expedition in St. Louis. The distin- guished parliamentarians now assem- bled beneath the dome of the United States Capitol fervently hope that his- tory.may repeat itself. That is to say, they trust America again may be in- spired to summon the nations to a round-table where a new world code of law will be formulated and adopted. * k * % Charles MacVeagh, the newly ap- pointed Ambassador to Japan, is ex- pected in Washington next week to take the usual course of sprouts through which all new diplomatic offi- cers are put at the State Department. ‘The Ambassador and his wife expect to proceed to Japan late in October or early next month. Mrs. MacVeagh is an authoress of some distinction. Sev- eral years ago she wrote “Fountains of Papal Rome,” a historical review of Roman Catholicism. She has also written poetry. Once upon a time the MacVeaghs had a family of six strapping sons. One of them lost his life in a snowstorm in New Hamp- shire. Of the surviving sons, one is & lawyer in Washington; one a lawyer ponor the memory of this good officer, | Reds Corner, Which Wan 83 sainten- osn't tell @ dance {'um feveran’ eguey™ | in Portland, Oreg one-a feacher at Harvard University, one a publisher in New York and one a student at Oxford. * ok % % Nobody in or around the United States Shipping Board had ever heard of H. G. Dalton of Cleveland until President Coolidge sprang his name upon the commissioners as the man he'd selected to Investigate the whole mercantile marine mess. Mr. Dalton is the engineering member of the Cleveland firm of Pickands, Mather & Co., miners and dealers in iron ore and coal. The firm is also extensively interested in Great Lakes shipping, and it Is presumably Mr. Dalton's fa- millarity with that branch of his own business that induced the President to turn him loose on the Shipping Board. Mr. Dalton’s mission, this observer is infornfed, is not to unravel the tangle into which the shipping commiseion- ers and Admiral Palmer have wran- gled themselves. Mr. Coolidge’s pur- pose rather is to have the Cleveland engineer find out just what is wrong with our whole merchant marine situ- ation. He is not to concern himself ‘with personal bickerings or with the controversies affecting the Shipping Board's rights as against presidential interference. * k k x How the aircraft snarl locks from the standpoint of an American officer of high rank in France will be nar- rated at the University Club in Wash- ington on the evening of October 6. It will be an outspoken story, for the teller of it will be Maj. Gen. Joseph T. Dickman, U. S. A., retired, who has a reputation for hitting straight from the shoulder on controversial occasions. His remarks will be broad- cast, and the air audience is in for some of the plainest English it has heard since “Billy” Mitchell exploded. Gen. Dickman commanded success- fully the 4th and 1st Army Corps during the Meuse-Argonne of- fensive and until within a few hours of the armistice. Perhaps he will broadcast the episode in the midst of the Meuse-Argonne drive when Mitchell had his outfit of 150 bombing lanes up in the air over the enemy's ines while German airplanes came across and bombed the American lines. LR Frank R. Kent, the distinguished political writer of the Baltimore Sun, has resumed his attendance at White House press conferences. This is neither a social item nor a fraternal boost, but an_event of considerable significance. For it was Mr. Kent who, in the Summer of 1924, launched in a' magazine as fierce an assault on the personal characteristics of Calvin Coolidge as cotemporary political journalism contains. It was a long time before Mr. Kent renewed his professional visits to the White House, because his thrusts at the President caused deep anguish among those who burn incense at the Cool- 1dge shrine. Apparently the fncident has passed into the limbo of the for- tten. In the meantime Mr. Kent as toured the country and reported with faithful frankness that the President’s hold on public esteem is undeniable. Mr. Coolidge is under- stood to be far less resentful of criti- cism, and even aspersions, than some of the superloyal within his imme- diate orbit. (Copyright. 1025.) A Fine Inspiration. From the Dnroll’.]'t'l. e One theory that . Pl'u com- posed ‘“‘Home, Bweet Home,’ the ‘way: back from & picale - FRIDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1925. Greater Institution Urged. Permanent Display of Great Treasures as Exposition Favored. To_the Editor of The Star: ‘Will P. Kennedy, in his article, September 25, advocating a perma- ment exposition at our National Capital and a celebration of the bicentennial birthday of George Wash- ington, failed to go back far enough in his history of the permanent ‘ex- position project. It would be interest- ing to know who did originate the idea of a permanent exposition at Wash- ington, D. C., and who first advocated that the States participate in a de- velopment of the kind. Be that as it may, beginning in the year 1884 Alex- ander D. Anderson, of Washington, D. C., spent a conslderable portion of his private means and several years of his life working out in detail plans for the Columbian Exposition, as a per- manent institution, to be located at our Natfonal Capital, where, as was then &upposed, the exposition would be held. But the Columbian Exposition, by act of Congress, went to Chicago as a temporary development. Following his Columbian Permanent Exposition effort Mr. Anderson advocated and published plans for a large terra firma map of the United States, to be locat- ed at Washington, D. C., each State section of the map to have its State bulldings, etc. The Columbian Exposition cost in round figures $25,000,000, was kept open six months, torn down and scat- tered to the four winds of the earth. But the World's Fair of 1893 was the impetus, largely, which brought about the development of the New National Museum, just as the Old National Museum was made necessary in order to house the exhibits turned over to the TUnited States from the Centen- nial Exposition at Philadelphia in 1876. These museums, a part of the Smithsonian Institution, were the real beginnings, as 1 see it, of a perma- nent exposition at our Natfonal Cap- ital, und as Philadelphia is to have a Sesquicentennial _ Exposition, 1926, celebrating the 150th anniversary of American Independence, why not fol- low this with a celebration of the 100th anniversary of Smithson’s will, October 23, 1926, at Washington, D. C.. and in every primary public school and community center in the United States and possessions, and let this be the beginning of “A Greater Smith- sonian Institution,” embracing & per- manent exposition and public school foundation, the permanent exposition, interstate, national and international, of an industrial, commercial, educa- tlonal and social character, to be a great storehouse of practical, useful knowledge, university extension and co-operative service center, where nat- ural objects and specimens of natural substances, manufactured and com- mercial products, machinery and ap- pliances, implements and relics of war, and the usual things of inter- est, can be assembled, classified, ex- hibited and demonstrated, not only for the edification and gratification of those who live in Washington, or visit Washington, but a knowledge and im- pression of the things exhibited to be carried to all the people in their pri- mary public schools and community centers by means of motion picture films, lantern slides, illustrations, de- scriptive matter, phonographic records, radio service, specimens, models globes, charts, maps, especially relief maps, and other approved educational helps® o o % We have the Smithsonian Institu- tion, universal in its operations, under United States control, but it a mere nucleus in the field of oppor- tunity and we need “A Greater Smithsonian Institution,” co-ordinated with the educational features of the United States Government depart- ments and embracing the libraries, museums. George Washington Me- morial, the Zoo, Botanic Garden, et cetera, and a permanent exposition, located in that somewhat abandoned part of the city south of the National Capitol, which would wipe out an “eye- sore” and be accessible by both rail and water and near the heart of Wash- ington, from the standpoint of the public, and easily reached by street cars, automobiles, flying machines, afoot and what not. We have our public school system, the cradle of democracy, of which we are justly proud, but our primary public schools and community centers are lacking in modern, up-to-date educational and welfare equipment and factlitfes, and “A Greater Smithsonian Institution,” to be used, under the direction and supervision of a United States depart- ment of education and welfare, in co- operation with the States, in making and preparing educational motion pic- ture films, lantern elides, {llustrations, descriptive matter, phonographic records, radiograms and other educa- tional helps which can be made and prepared better, more economically and to better advantage under some such co-operative arrangement than can be done in any other w; and deliver these educational _ helps through the service of the United States postal system, radlo phones and other available means to the schools and community centers that bear their proportional part of the financial burden, some such co-operative serv- ice could be made helpful indeed. We have an abundance of genuine patri- otic sentiment, in evidence on every hand, in favor of a development such as I have suggested and have been advocating for more than nine vears, but we have no plan for crystailizing this sentiment into a working for- mula—what is needed to “carry on” is organization, legislation, co-operation and concentration. If the United States would provide a way for the States to co-operate In developing a permanent exposition and public school foundation, and each Individual of school age and over would contribute a fee of §1.25 each year thereafter, that would give us, in round figures, $100,000,000 to start with, enough to develop a permanent exposition, and $25,000,000 annually, ‘which should go a long way toward providing approved educational helps, true to fact, accurately and correctly made and prepared by men and women of intelligence and good moral charac- ter, educated and trained for the work, the educational helps to be delivered to the schools and community centers that bear their proportional part of the financial burden, for the use of our noble teachers and social workers in discharging the arduous and responsi- ble duties that devolve upon them, thus making it possible for each pri- mary public school district to have a little university of its own where all in the district, from childhood to old age, could go to school together and see and hear and have explained and demonstrated the things which all should know. The United States pro- vides a way for any citizen or indi- vidual within its jurisdiction to send mail almost anywhere, by paying for the service in postage. In like manner the United States can and should pro- vide a way and co-operate with the States in providing educational and welfare helps for aiding in properly developing, educating and training aright the faculties, physical, mental, esthetic and moral, of all the people. EE Big as this project may seem f{t is entirely feasible and thoroughly in ac- cord with Smithson's will, which is virtually summed up in the phrase, “For the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.” It is almost 99 years since Smithson donated his fortune which made the institution ‘which bears his name possible; but the fact should not be lost sight of that had it not been for the service ren- dered by Dr. Richard Rush and Dr. Henry Perrine the development might not and most likely would not have been made. George Washington was highly in favor of the establishment of a national university at Washing- ton.d.DiocA. t;nd flo&w l: bon ap] on ent ‘The -bonds xnmy became - worthless 'and the project failed ta materialise; { ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. _Who was the oldest signer of the Declaration of Independence?— W. A. A. When the signatures were af- fixed Benjamin Franklin was the old- est signer; the next oldest was Stephen Hopkins. Q. Wkat is meant by “in the wind's eye”?—M. P. A. It means directly against the wind. Q._How long was the “front” in the World War?—S. C. A. The total front in the World War consisted of approximately 400 miles. The American troops held about 25 per cent of it. Q. Out of what kind of wood are type made?—H. M. B. A. Hard maple is used to a far greater extent than any other species for wood type. Maple is very hard and dense, and stands up well under severe treatment. It also ‘‘stays put” after being cut to final form. electrotype backing and wood engrav- ings cherry has in the past been very largely used, but due to the scarcity of this wood others are being substi- tuted. Q. Who composed the song “Jesus, Lover of My Soul”?—W. G. H. A. It was written by Charles Wes- It was first published in Wesley's ‘Hymns and Saered Poems” in the year 1740 in five stanzas of eight iines. The title of the hymn at this time was “In Temptation.” We find it listed later under “Jesus, Lover of My BSoul.” Q. J. 1 A Fow old is th M, He is 68 years old. Pope Pins XI was born at Desio, Italy, in 1857, and his name was Achilli Rattl. He Studled at the dlocesan seminaries and at the Lombard College at Rome. He obtained his doctor's degree in theos. ophy, theology and common law and was ordained priest in 1879. He was head of the Ambrosian Library in 1907. In 1918 he was sent to Poland as apostolic visitor. In the followinig year he was Archbishop of Lepanto. In 1921 he was Cardinal Archbishop of Milan. Following the death of Bene- dict XV, he was elected Pope and crowned February 12, 1922. Q. Please name some unusual uses present Pop that were made of plants during the} war.—J. W. G. A. Among the ingenfous uses to which plants were put were: Spha num moss, dressing for wounds: char- coal from fruit pits used for gas maeks; birch and willow pulp, used as a substitute for cotton and the nettle for making textiles; meal ob- tained from clover, horse chestnuts, oats, Indian corn, barley, beans, peas and buckwheat, used in place of flour; roasted barley and oats and roasted acorns and beechnuts, substitute for coffee; in Germany eventually a sub- stitute for coffee was made from car- rots and yellow turnips: bloom of the linden tree mixed with beech buds was found to make an excellent bev- erage; roasted peas and oats, a sub- stitute for cocoa Q. How fast value’—M. P. § A. Radium loses half its in approximately 1,800 vears, no matter how it is packed. Q. What kind of potatoes should be used for making potato chips’—I. E. B. Mountain potatoes and does radium lose its among the best varleties for potato chips. Q. —H, N. A. Bachelors and old health and mature ve: known. Marriuge Is univ Q Inat is meant by —M. A. P. A. The Public Health Service says that tuberculosis bacillus i3 spoken of as belng ucid-fast, and the finding of an acld-fast baciilus in the sputum does indicate tuberculosts. There are other acid-fast bacilll, however, such as leprosy and grass bacillus, but these are not generally found in the sputum. Q. iow pelts used correctly industry?—K. R. A. The term peit is applied to all skins before they are converted into leather. Hides are the skins of large animals as hor Q. women men?—J. M. A. Of mental diseases Are bachelors common in Ching’ maids in tuberculosis what ast bacilli found' ? are the terms hides and in the tanning Tave you statistics to show that are entally weaker than 680 patients with in_institutions on January 1, 1 121,030 were males and 111,649 fen es. The sex distri bution of the mental patients in the several States varies more widely than that of the general public. In most of the Eastern and Southern States the woman patients outnumber the man, while in the Western States the man patfents are in b pavehoses due 1o harmfu and ex 4 {fn men than in arising from s 1y 4 rule more co Q. What is the it tail price of hard cc ic.o e T, X A. The extent of this Increase since 1913 is shown by the following aver age retafl prices of Pennsylvania an thracite, white ash etove coul, 1912, $7.46; 1014, $7.60; 1015, $7.54; 181s, £8.1 1917, $9.08: 1918, $8.9 191 $12.14; 1620, $14.28; 1921, $14.90; 1922, $14.87; 1923, ¢ 1924, $10.24. Q. Who introduced the child Jabor amendment in the United States Seu- ate?’—R. A. M. ¥ A. Senator Samuel M. Shortridge of California. . How did the cu n of Y»?l bind- ian originate in C —0. N A. Tt is related that Mme. Chong. a concubine of the Emperor Li, abot 800 A.D. bound ber feet with si when she danced, and thus originate: the custom. eakness are rease 10 Q. What city in the United States was referred to as “Eden” by Dick- 7—E. V. A. en:» (l:‘nm. 111, was expected to be- come a great commercial center, and is the place described as “Eden Dickens' “Martin Chuzzlewit (Take advantage of this free scrvice 1f you are mot one of the thousands who have patronized the Bureaw since its establishment we want you to start now. This ie a service maintained for the benefit of the readers of The Star and we want you to get your sharc of benefit from it. Send your question to us. Inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Address The Star In formation Burecau. Frederic J. Has- A. Green Rural New Yorkers are considered Public Attitude kin, Director, Washington, D. C.Q Reversed In Approving- Beef Merger Public approval of the Government's action removing all obstacles in the merger of the Armour and Morris beef packinz interests marks a new stage in the development of large business organization: The consensus of opinion now seems to be that it is useless to resist the tide on consolida- tions, and it is generally felt that if the larger corporation engages in practices which are detrimental to the country, the Government has the means of providing a remedy. “Another anti-trust bubble punc- tured,” is the way the development appeals. to the Fort Worth Star-Tele- gram, which feels that the decision of Secretary Jardine *should be par- ticularly - reassuring to the business world and the public,” for the Texas paper says, “to the former ft shows that the present administration has no intention of interfering with legitimate business; to the latter it shows the competitive situation in the sale of meat products exists as before.” This public appreciation of the matter is recognized by the Pittsburgh Gazette- ‘Times, with the assertion: ‘“The pres- ent combination has given the Armour concern no power of monopolization or of price-fixing to the disadvantage of prdoucer or consumer. It controls less than 25 per cent of the Federal- inspected slaughter of animals, a smaller proportion than is controlled by a competing company against ich no complaint has been made.” Accepting the statement of Secre- tary Jardine that “if the law is vio- lated he has ample power under the act to put a &top to it,” the Newark Evening News argues that “in a na- tion headed directly toward consoli- dation of absolutely indispensable utilities like the railroads; it would appear that the Government, to be consistent, could take none other than a hands-off attitude toward industrial combinations which have no per se social menace.” The action ‘reflects, but, thanks to Mrs. Henry F. Dimock and her associates, an equally appro- priate memorial to Georse Washing- ton, a great national auditorium, i on the way and for one I sincerely hope that it may be completed and ready for dedication in the vear 1032— as a part of “A Greater Smithsonian Institution.” I suggest that our President and our governors, our Congressmen and our State legislators, provide a way, and that we celebrate the 100th anni- versary of Smithson's will, October 28, 1926, at Washington and in each and every primary public school and community center in the United States and possessions and that this be the beginning of “A Greater Smith- sonfan Institution,” embracing a per- ‘manent exposition, interstate, national and international, of an industrial, commercial, educational and social character, to be completed and dedi- cated, 1946, as a part of one of the most important and helpful institu- tions in our country; for alding in providing and diffusing practical, use- ful knowledge; for encouraging recre- ation and social enjoyment of a high order; for fostering thrift, industry, heaith and happiness, and for cultivat- ing and establishing such mutual un- derstandings and relations among in- dividuals, communities, States and nations_and all peoples as will pro- mote “Peace on earth, good will to- ‘ward men.” If the world would put forth as much effort and spend as much money in the next 20 vears, from 1926 to 1946 inclusive, as went into the great 'war, and provide educational and wel- fare equipment and facllities for the use of all the people and help every one to properly develop, educate and train aright the faculties with which each one is endowed, maybe some of us, eventually, would have sense enough to keep the rest of us out of ' G.-W. KERNODLE, M. D. lit may be assumed, the view of Presi | dent Coolidge.” according to the Louis. jville Times, which explains that his {view, “speaking broadly, is that the prosperit: is the most de sirable thing there is. as out of i grows the prosperity of the 112,000, 000." While it is announced that the merger effected economies of $30. 000,000 a year. and “thus far the con- sumer has felt very little of this economy, while the same is true of the stock raiser.” as observed by the Watertown Times, that paper con- cedes that “on the other hand, no one has been ged by it, and the letter of the law has been observed. | 50 there v e that the Secretar of Agricult 1ld do except give his approval Furthermore. “the tendency now days seems to he away {rom gove menetal dictation.” su e Chicago Tribune, which udds: e Ameri can people show no great desire for Government ownership of the pack- ing industry. the railroads or am thing else. With the laws of econom ics and natural evolution in control, the place for man-made law is not in the ame but on the sidelines referee, seeing only that the contes- tants play fair and the public ge's a show for its money." “Resisting the tide is of no the intelligent thing is to ride it | the thouzht of the St. Paul Pioneer | Press. he publ interest in the Armou lorris merger centers in at expec ion to share in the advan tages of the economies in which it i< supposed to result. It expect Government to be a controllin, directing, and not a reacting force.” North Dakota’s direct interest in the Armour plans is noted by the Fargo Forum, with the comment that “there was nothing in the charges of prico fixing or restraint of commerce, to begin with, and the Secretary did well to dispose of it as he has. The householder’s interest is para- mount to the Philadelphia Evenine Bulletin, which deflues that interest as the desire to “zct his meat prod ucts at proper price and of prope: quality,” and there was “no clear proof of price control or monopoly in the Armour transaction.” us view - ed by that puper. hould the com bination at any time develop such monopolistic tendencic according to the Bulletin, “the hand of tha Government will be sufficiently nea to interevene in the public interes! * X X x “The mass of evidence coliected by former Senator Kenyon of Towa,” says the Milwaukee Journal, “showed pret ty plainly that competition among tha ‘Big Five' is a very polite affair. The public_may conclude, howeve at the difference between a ‘blg five’ and a ‘big four’ is not enough to make . fuss about. In any event, stockmen and meat-caters will have to depend on the Secretary of Agriculture to see that they are not imposed upon which makes the selection of this Sec retary a very vital matter.” In this particular instance, as pointed out by the Cleveland Plain Dealer, “the pub- lic 1s asked to accept the Secretary’s judgment much in the light of & legal decision and not at all as an act of favoritism.” “It was argued,” the Chicago Dalily News remarks, “that restraint of trade might follow a decision forbidding the merger. But the law, as interpreted by the rule of reason, does not antici pate the facts. It does not assume that willful violation of the law is in tended by all persons or corporations that seek Lo effect economies through combination. It waits for tangible evi dence of abuse of power, of expression and arbitrary manipulation of prices Should such evidence be forthcoming, ample authority is vested in the Sec- retary of Agriculture or in the De- partment ot Justice to take sppropri- ate action.” 1s 1