Evening Star Newspaper, April 5, 1925, Page 42

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY April 5, 1825 THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star N Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office: 16 Regent 8t.,London, England. The Evening Star. with the Sunday morning edition. is delivered by cacriers within the cents per month: daily only, 45 20 cents’ per ¥ mail or tele tion is made by car. Daily and Sunda: Daily only Sunday only -1 yr., $8.40 1 yr. $6.00;1 mo., 50¢c . $2.40;1 mo,, 20¢ All Other Statex. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00;1 mo., 86¢ Daily only ......1 $7.00;1 mo., 80c 1yr, $3.00;1 mo, 25¢c Member of the Associated Press. The Asxociated Press ix exclusively entitied fo the use for republication of all news dis- patches cr 10 it or not otherwine credited » (his paper and miso the local mews pub. lished berein. ~ All rights of publication of special d hies herein are also reserved. A Tidal Basin Tip. Attorney General Sargent has been asking where to go a-fishing around Washington. It will not be long until he can cast his lures within the Cap-| ital's limits, He can bring his rod, and a pocketful of plugs or s down to work with him.and. the day's toil is finished, or during the lunch he can slip down to the Tidal Basin and get asts with even chances of A fish of turn the relieved of bearing on its susands of swimmers and of for purifying chlorine waters, into an attractive | acc fish preserve seems | to assured. Col. Sherrill, director of public buildings and public parks The Bureau of Fisheries has the fish—big- mouthed bass, bream and crapple. The bulk of them will probably have to implanted next Autumn, because the intake and outlet gates must first he screened to prevent the escape of fish. The park authorities be this is not spinn after even hour, in a few land Suc Basin, hosom t the nece within and = plan to now sity its sible be now is anxious to co-operate. arger to hurried in k and thought this ble t was on ~ount put planned at it in so many first. basin full of desirable and gamy advi: this By Sprin next son, however, the director ppropriation from lawfully divert the 200 to $1,500 needed for these bar- But that it th raised through popular careful find search the any can he sa money ubscrip- tion the forces under him are ready | to do the work. The a the fishermen of raise it. Already contributions ved The opened, with ardent anglers were Washington will subscription list, which will be office, has suggestion enrell a to re. been that | themselves at ar the cheer- | a new on fish that, after all, He should not hesi coin bill of that fund, which, in the will do more to assure him sport He will take | congequent personal pride in the fish preserve. and may attend his efforts from its sely, to him who part. Because of his gods-of-things-as-they blast him with curss back-lash, the come-| apart rod, the lost lure and the big- one-that-got-away e fishern fully a dollar lure to try n will pay or more f are not ther amour end thar a put a or into the a dozen new baits. mpleted zoud Tuck shores Conve as derel ought-t he . traffic fact The tion to the director calls atten- | that prohi ill be enforced so far srned new ition can as motor And every lit- and w irivers are co - The Gray Goose Shaft. the oldest One and m most picturesque | aling of sports made an | Dpearance last season many diversions enjoyed in Washington's great outdoor play- ground, Park. Men and tion is suited quipped with the his- wer noted loosing w ss the irgets, - ohtained is nac. amount of whern target W al among the occasio Potomac th sexes. women—for hot toric flights re long bow of bright nsward ar ac at g painted vmits for this sport may b thorities, T wain even from the park essary an an because a ¢ ent used is pr ows are 10 progress of the present will undoubied & a revival activity al- practiced ng- peoples pleasure is in both participants and spec- "W games are more fascinat- 4 person is initiated, and few prettier to watch. The fact that sport survival of what was and essential exercise It so much the more senson same sight It this ind of an Iy ¥ appear ularity onee mive Ush-speaki store for by the is a once a genuine of arms k he appeal of the how, extending as it does back into the dim recesses of pre-history, seems to be unfversal. No- where did the science of archery ai tain greater refinement or call forth more perfect implements than among the English subsequent to the Nor- man uest. them the majority « America trace their ancestr, The great part played by the bow the life of medieval England is indi- cated.by the existence tod: ¥ of such Archer, Arkwright, Ar- owsmith, Bowes, Bowman, ver, Butts, Fletcher, Shaft- Stringer and Stringfellow, and such common expressions as “a quiverful of children” and “drawing a Jong baw. gives “k Bowyer, er, Staver, emarkable accuracv and power of the English long bow, gether with the ceaseless training of its users, made it for centuries the most deadly of weapons. The knight and his es- quire Bad practiced its usage when younger, and often could shoot as skillfully as the yeoman archers over | voice in the building. ous at Agincourt, Crecy ana Poictiers and which held the northern border safe against the warlike Scots. Stories of the feats of marksman- ship accredited to some of these an- cient bowmen, such as Robin Hood, Willlam of Cioudesley and tke “Duke of Shoreditch” are without doubt as apocryphal as the fabled feat of Wil- liam Tell with his cross-bow, a wea- pon which, while perhaps more power- ful at close range, lacked the long- distance power and accuracy of its rival. Nevertheless, a 6-foot war bow of best Spanish yew, shooting & shaft some 30 inches long, drawn to the nock by a man who had been perform ing that action every day since child- hood, was a very terrible weapon, in- deed, as any one who has seen an ex- pert modern archer shoot will willing- ly testify. The bow lives in story, in song, in romance and in the hearts of mankind. To own a good one is a privilege; to shoot it is to gain health and pleasure, the latter undoubtedly enhanced by the fact that the missile, unlike the bullet, is in plain view from the in- stant it leaves the string until it quivers in the target. The boy of an- clent Persia was taught three things, to ride, to speak the truth and to shoot with the bow. Horses are scarce and expensive. Truth telling is as nec- essary and more difficult to learn than ever. But the bow, like an old family friend, extends a hearty welcome to the descendant of the man who once knew it so well. With the gain in favor of this ancient and honorable diversion it may be that a permanent place can be set apart in some park which will be the modern equivalent of the medieval ‘‘parish butts” whither repaired the men and boys of every village in merry Eng- land once their day’s work was over. ————— Hamstringing the Court. No one is going to quarrel with Senator Borah for wanting a codifica- tion of international law. But when he savs that without such a code of law the World Court will be no court at all he is going a good deal farther than the average thinking American is willing to follow him. Had the Borah argument been devised specif- ically for the purpose of hamstringing the court it could not have been more artfully designed for that purpose. It has the appearance of plausibility, un- til one digs beneath the surface and uncovers the sophistry this plausibil- ity conceals. How long does Senator the world would have to wait for a court of international justice if it waited until all the nations had sub- scribed to a code of international law? The Senator claims credit for having inspired the Washington conference for the limitation of naval armaments, and acclaimed, along with the rest of the world, the achievements of that conference. Yet the treaties written in Washington more than three yeara ago still await ratification by some of the signatory powers. And in view of the fact that so simple a compact as the Isle of Pines treaty waited 21 vears for ratification by the United States Senate, it might be inquired of the Senator how long he thinks it would take 50 nations to agree upon a code of law under which they would be willing to submit all their conflict- ing interests to the adjudication of an Borah think international court. As a matter of fact, the question of Wwhether a world court can or cannot function without a codified body of law is not at issue. Such a court al- dy has been established and is func- tioning. The only question before the Congress and the American people is whether the United States shall ad- here to the protocol establishing that court. The court right now is doing | the very thing Senator Borah wants done. By its decisions it is building up a body of recognized international law. The net result of our failure to join the court is that this body of law is being built up without our having any It would be a splendid thing if the nations of the world could be as | sembled in a great conference and brought to agree upon a code of inter- national law, and Senator Borah might well render a distinguished service by agitating for such a con- ference. But when he contends that without such a code the court cannot function' it recalls the story of the prisoner who was told by his lawyer that they could not lock him up for the offense with which he was charged. “Maybe they can't,” the prisoner responded. “but I'm locked up, just the same.” ———— Peru and Chile are in advance of the base ball season in their efforts to have the colossal and most delicate job of umpiring properly taken care of. ———— Mussolini has had his differences with a group of Italian Senators. Hu- man nature is much the same the world over. Herriot and MacDonald. The difficulties in which Premier Herriot of France finds himself are strangely reminiscent of the troubles which beset Ramsay MacDonald dur- ing his brief term as hedd of a labor government in Great Britain. Each constantly was under two fires, striving to steer a middle course be- tween the urgings of his radical sup- porters and the attacks of & con- servative opposition. MacDonald final. ly yielded to his radical followers to the extent of extending recognitlon and promising.a loan to the Russian Soviet government, and this brought about his downfall, though his de- feat In Parliament was on a collateral question respecting the prosecution of a radical editor. The Herriot ministry at Paris has established diplomatic relations with Moscow, and, while recognition of the Soviets has been a bitter disap- pointment to France, so far as any material benefits. are concerned, it does not figure in the present crisis. It is on another issue, which Mac- Donald successfully dodged, that Her- riot has gotten himself into trouble. Both MacDonald and Herriot,'in their irresponsible days as leaders of oppo- sition factions, had been advocates ‘Whom they were set in command, and who! formed the main arm of the ex- peditionary fepees which were victori- of levies on capital to help meet the obligations of government and lighten the burdens of taxation. But, with THE SUNDAY the responsibilities of government upon their shoulders, neither was willing to put forward this pet project of the extremists. MacDon- ald was able to resist his redical fol- lowers because the laborites were in office only by sufferance and they kriew that any proposal for e capital levy would result in the immediate overthrow of the Labor government. Herriot resisted as long as he could, but the burden of debt and the bur- den of armaments, coupled with grow- ing unwillingness of the French peo- ple to continue making loans to bal- ance the budget, finally gave the ex- treme Socialists the whip hand, and it now is announced that this week a government bill to levy on capital is to be Introduced in the Senate and Chamber of Deputies. The outlook is that the Senate will reject the pro- posal and that the chamber will be dissolved, forcing a general election. If Herriot joins MacDonald in re- tirement it will mark the passing of a combination that for a time looked hopeful of better understandings in Europe and actusily did eccompiish a great deal in the way of pacific settlements. The guess in Paris is that Briand will return as premfer of France to cope with the British diplomacy of Stanley Baldwin and Austen Chamberlain. That may not promise s0 well in the way of good feeling, but it does promise economic settlements which will be on a sounder and more enduring basis. Agriculture’s Good Outlook. According to reports received by the Department of Agriculture, for the firat time in five years this Spring gives evidence of a distinctly encour. aging outlook for agriculture. This is good news, and the country will be de- lighted to receive any suggestion that the farmer’'s hard lot shows prospect of improvement. It i{s the more grat- ifying from the fact that the Improve- ment comes through natural causes and the farmers’ own efforts, rather than by resort to artificial or legisla- tive stimulus. Thus is sustained the position of those economists who have preached to the farmer all along that the cure for the ailments of which he has been complaining does not rest in legisla- tive halls or in an appeal for Govern. ment aid to be extended to his class @lone. The department's report say that the lessened movement of farm. €rs to cities shows that an increased number of farmers apparently feel it financially safe to remain on the farms this Spring and put in their usual crops. It is found thet there are no big agricultural surpluses left, save cattle. The department (hinks, however, that it is necessary to sound a note of warning against too great expansion in production. For instance, the de- partment reports show that the farm- ers plan to increase the acreage of the principal feed crops by nearly 00,000 acres over those grown for harvest last year. while the outlook is for a smaller number of live stock to consume the crop. The farmers are warned that the general expansion of production contemplated by them would not be to their best interests. 1t is pointed out that increased re- turns for the ¢rope of 1924 were large- ly due to reduced supplies rather than to increase in demand. Any marked expansion in most lines would tend to lower prices and result in less satis- factory returns to the farmer. The usual literary courtesy has been extended to Gerald Chapman of dis- cussing him as a highly polished fig- ure of romance. The remark, “All the world’s a stage” was made when the courtroom did not receive as much of the spotlight as it now commands. BY PHILAND) JOHNSON. Are we not “boneheads” one and all? Is not each human skull A box on which at times we call For impulse gay or dull? Within Pandora’s casket lay A wondrous brooding brain From which there hastened, dayv by da; The sprites of fear or pain. But when Pandora truth would tell Men scoffed and turned asid And even to this day we dwell In unbelieving pride. And s0 we persevere in glee Through warnings, great and small; Pandora’s boxes still we see As “boneheads” one and all. Had Fun Encugh. “Do you ever take any interest in cross-word puzzles?” ‘No,” answered Senator Sorghum. ““When I've been through e filibuster- ing session I've had ail the exercise I want in putting words together so that they won't mean anything in par- ticular.” Procrastination. When sad reminders hither float In orderly financial ways You wish that you had made your note For ninety and not sixty days. Jud Tunkins says knowledge is no good to its possessor when it's the kind that gets him gossipin’ insteed o’ tendin’ to his business. e Admiring Interest. ““Who is your favorite author? “Do you want the candid, unsenti- mental truth?” asked Miss Cayenn “Certainly. . “I don't know his name. He's the ad writer for one of our leading de- partment stores." April. It's only the same old story ‘We welcome from year to year; The promise of Maytime glory In the sunshine of April cheer. It's only the same old hoping That carries us to the end; It's only the same old groping With smiles where the teardrops blend. “‘Art can’'t improve on nature,” said Uncle Eben. “When you comes right down to de facts dar ain’ nuffin’ dat looks mo’ uninvitin’ dan a b d Easter egs. BY THOMAS R. MARSHALL, Former Vice Preaident of the United States. As one wanders over America, vis- iting its citles, large and small, his impression gathers force that, like each individual, each city has a soul, But he is not quite sure that he can tell from the appearance of the city what its real soul is, although he may become reasonably certain that he can determine offhand the domi- nating facter in the city's life. This deminating factor may not expre: the real life of the city, much less its soul. It may bear to the city's real life the same relation that rep- utation bears to character. Yet ome can fairly judge the stronger impulse by the life which discloses itself. Recently 1 gazed on a splendid bit of architecture bearing deslgn which read: “This bullding is the gift of America’s greatest philanthropist, Andrew Carnegie.” Similar bits of splendid architecture had met my gaze before in other oftfes. In fact, many cities I have visited contain such. I have no right nor desire te judge of the souls of these citles, but I feel that I know, because of the effect upon me, what their reputation is. There are cities in which the dominating Influence Is to get on In the world and to get as much as possible of the world's goods. Mam- mon is worshiped in these cities, I have no doudt. Leaders who eontrol thought in these citles unquestion- ably ars right content to bow down reverently before philanthropy. * X * % 1 do not write in derogation of gift libraries. There is for me no tainted money. Every dollar which has gone inte ene of thess libraries in Amer- ica went in with a good purpose and ne doubt has accomplished good. But I wish that the youth of the land might be pointed to something more inspiring than mere philanthropy, lest when they learn how the philan- threpy was possible they may doubt its efficacy and become uncertain of anrthing better. True, no one ought object—certainly I do not—to the splendid benefactions that flow from the hands of men of great wealth, but somehow I feel that each bene- faction exemplifies the uplifting sen- timent of an individual rather than the united ire of = people for omething fi d better than they formerly po ed. Some time ago I stood in a little city in America, high In the moun- tains where free men always dwell. 1 saw & modest little ohurch and upon it this {nscription! “This build- ing was erected in the year 1796 at the expense of a few of the first in- habltants of this land, to commemo- rate their affection and esteem for the holy gospel of Jesus Christ Reader, if you are inclined to ap- plaud their virtues, give God the glory.” It is not mine to cheose for my fellow men, but for myself I should rather live In 2 little town, like the one contalning this church, where all are interested in the com- mon uplift, than to dwell In marble halis given to the people by a philan- thropist. Maybe philanthropy can take the place of faith, but I have my doubts. * ok ok * Chicago far excels Boston in all outward and visible signs of philan- thropy. 1s it not worth considering, however, that for €5 yvears the Bible has been read in the public schools of Boston, while for 30 years Bibl reading has been excludad from the Chicago schools? Burglary insurance rates for private residences in Bos- ton are §12.10 for the first $1,000 and $34.10 for $5,000. In Chicago the rates are $27.60 for the first $1,000 and $79.20 for §5,000. Whether there is any relation between burglary In- surance rates, Bfble reading in the public schools and faith, I do not at- tempt to sav. I simply cite figures and facts. My only objeét is to sug- gest that less philanthropy, more faith and a larger common effort for the higher and finer things of life may be desirable in American citl Everywhere one goes he hears olamant and strident volces proclaim- ing we must have peace and urging a League of Nations, & World Court or some other agency as a means of estadlishing and maintaining peace. Yet, everywhere and always, we hear alse of increases in crime, particu- larly of more murders. This Is the growing civilization upon wWhich we are hoping to bulld an enduring peace. *x k% In nearly all cities I find monu- ments commemorating the glory, valor and sacrifice of the men wha fought America's fights to preserve her own integrity or to help preserve the rights of man in the world. He would not be quite the right kind of a citizen who was not willing (o memorials to those who themselves for the common of our common humanity, yet ‘we are deeply impressed with the be- lef that the entire war system is abhorrent; we are genuinely desirous that no such thing as the World War ever shal recur. But, unfortu- aeration now coming on memorials nothing but the glamour and glory of warfare. Youngsters growing up do not visual- ize the horrors of armed conflict. For them war is like marriage—a deiight- ful experience in anticipation with- out any con*emplation of death or divorce. I would not plugk a single leaf from the crown of glory which rests upon the brow of any soldier in America. But I would add something to his crown, If I could, in the hepe that his sacrifice might be the last the world ever would be compelled to see endured. In a iittle town in Connecticut there is a soldiers’ mon- ument which meets with my humble It bears this inscriptie; ument is erected to the and to those who offered in the World War to pre- serve liberty; and this liberty bell 18 placed here in the faith that It will ring the knell of war and pro- claim the brotherhood of man.” * x * x The long fight from the barons at Runnymede to Pershing and Halg in France is worth something if it has done nothing more than to show what men will do and dare in defense of their rights. But thelr achievements will rise to God it marble and bronze shall not only preserve the glory of the victors, but proclaim to oncoming generations that the real purpose of the fight was to establish the broth- erhood of man and to disclose that out of one blood all nations of the world were made. In this way the memorials would impress future gen- erations qf their opportunity and bounden duty to dwell together in peace and good will. (Copyright, 1925, by 21et Century Press.) THE MARINE BAND BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Of the thousands of people who ‘were captivated by the music of the Marine Band as It marched down Pennsylvania avenue at the head of the second division of the inaugural parade on March 4, only a few knew that an hour or two before the pa- rade started the historic organization had been In danger of going out of existence, ¢ ‘The last bill signed by President Coolidge before he went to the east portico of the Capitol to take the oath of office was the omnibus bill, and it was the signing of this bill which saved to the Nation the oldest musical organization in America, and one of the greatest military bands of all time. . It came about in this way: Two years ago Congreps enacted legislation giv- ing the Marine Band inoressed pay and emoluments, which it was thought were due to Its members by reason of their national service and the high artistic standard they had achieved. This increased pay was held up under a ruling of the controller of the Treas- ury. 1n the meantime thers was hardly a single member of the band who had not received offers far more lucrative than the Government pay— even under the most liberal interpre- enacted the old legislation, but in such = way eliminate the tech- nicality on which it had dated. A bare hour before the in- augural parade started the members of the band were advised that the bill giving them Increased pay and back allowances had been signed by the President. It requires no stretch of the imagination to understand why the band excelled itself on that day. A Washington Inatitution. The Marine Band is as much a part of Washington as Rock Creek Park, the Library of Congress, the Wash- ington Monument or the Smithsoglan Institution. It has been identified with the Capital since its foundation. It has been the band of the Presi- dents. Every President of the United States, with the exception of (feorge Washington, has called for its serv- ized this unique organisation. probability Geerge Washington 1 tened to its fifes and drums when the first soldiers of the Revolution were obilized and afterward when th ‘musics,” as’ the early forerunners of the Marine Band were called, helped to sustain the courage of the Army at Valley Forge. On Nevember 10, 1775, the Contl nental Congress authorized marin and when the recruiting for the ma- rines started there came inte prom- fnence up in Pennsylvania a few “drums and fifes” who did yeoman service in the recruiting of soldiers for the War of Independence. Years afterward Benjamin Franklin record- ed the impression made on him by these “musics.” He took particular note of the emblem en their drums. Some one had conceived the ides of a rattlesnake &3 a befitting coat of arms, and under it the injunction, “Don’t tread on me” Nowadays the band has the insignia of the Marine Corps. In 1794 & new Navy was ordered by Congress, and four years later President John Adams approved a bill putting the Marine Corps on a perma- nent basis, With the organization of the Corps there was created “a drum major, & fife major and 32 drums and fifes,” and for 127 years, 1798 to 1925, the band has been a national insti- tutlon. First Open-Alr Comeert. It _was soon adopted by the City of Washington, by the Presidents and by Congress. It gave its first open-air conoert in August, 1800. It was the only band of & public mature ‘at which t) $is that Washington had until 1830. Dur- ing his years in the White House President Jefferson fostered the band, and was in many respects the patron saint of the organlzation. "It made its official debut as the White House band when President Adams received on New Year day. 18017 It was the strains of the Marine Band that ushered in the first inaug- ural ball on the evening of March 4, 1809, when James Madison became President. The band played in honor of Jefferson the latter entered “Long's Hotel" where the ball was held. Later in the evening when Mad- ison entered with Dolly Madison on his arm, the band struck up “Madi- son's March.” Since Jefferson's day it has played at every inauguration when that ceremony has called for the presence of a band There have been few gala occasions at the White House in the last 100 years when the Marine Band was not on hand. It has played at all im- portant weddings at the White Hous including those of Nellie Grant and Alfce Roosevelt. It played at the firat egg rolling on the White House lawn at the first children's party dur- ing the presidency of Andrew John- son. At Fumerals of Presidents. Alsa the band has been much in evidence on days of national bereave- ment. It led the long procession that mourned for President William Henry Harrison. It played the funeral dirge for Zachary Taylor and for Abraham Lincoln and accompanied the body of James A. Garfleld to Cleveland. At the funeral of William McKinley the band played his favorite hymn, and President Harding during his term in the White House often re- Quested it to play his favorite air, “Perfect Day. The band had 2 place of honor at & great many historic scenes and in- cidents. It was present when Presi- dent Lincoln made the famous Getty: burg addr Mr. Lincoln often ex- pressed appreciation of the beneficial effect that the band had on the pub- 1ic morale during the darkest days of the Civil War. Realizing this, he in- ted that its public performances should be continued and the outdoor concerts went on as usual, while the President often called on it to play at the White Hous The first toast ever drunk the President’s home was proposed by John Quincy Adams on September §, 1826. It was Lafayette's birthday and Lafayette himself was present at the banquet &s the guest of the President and of the Nation. To the tune of ‘““The Marsefllaise” by the Marine Band, the toast was drumk standing. 'When the Prince of Wales, afterward Ed- ward VII, was entertained at the ‘White House for a week by President Buchanan, the band virtually lived there. Was Had 16 Leaders. From 1800 to 1935 there have been 15 leaders of the Marine Band. It attained international prominence urider the leadership of John Philip Sousa, the "March King.” Presidents Hayes, Garfleld, Arthur, Clevelan Harrison and McKinley were Sousa's warm personal friends and were counted among his most appreciative admirers. ‘The present leader of the band, Capt. Willlam H. Santelmann, has had charge of it during the past 25 years. The Marine Band {s a thorough American institution. There is nothing foreign about its origin and there is no truth whatever in the old -atory which ascribed its origin to a group of kidnaped Italians. There s hardly & member of the band who could not today go out into clvil life and get in a week what the Government pays fn a month, but there is no disposition to do so. There 1s no doubt, however, that the morale of the o ization was affected by the refusal over a period of two years to grant the allowances that Congre: had said the members should have. Many of them on March 4 thought this would be the last inauguration ey would perform. . STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €., APRIL 5 1925—PART 2. Souls of Cities Are Indicated by Inscriptions Upon Memorials Capital Sidelights How Franklin, “erroneously sup- posed by many to be an atheist” called attention of the constitutional convention to the fact that small progress had been made after four or five weeks because “we have not hith- erto once thought of humbly apply- ing to the Father of Lights to illum- in our understandings,” Is point- ed out by James M. Beck, Solicitor General of the United States, in his recent book on “The Constitution of the United States—Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow.” He quotes Franklin further as asking his colleagues in the convention, “Do we imagine that we no longer need His assistance?” And Franklin pronounced this convic- tion—"That God governs the affairs of men. And if a sparrow cannot fall to the ground without His notice, in §t probable that an empire can rise without His aid?’ Franklin urged that “henceforth prayers im- ploring the assistance of Heaven and its blessings on our deliberations, be held In this assembly every morning, before we proceed to business.” An “impious” speech by Alexander Hamilton Is also referred to by Mr. Beck, on the authority of Jonathan Dayton, the youngest member of the convention. He records that Hamil- ton “was confidently of opinion that they were competent to transact the business which had been intrust- d to their care—that they were equal to every exigency which might oc- cur; and concluded by saying that therefore he did not see the necessity of calling in foreign aid.”” Washing- ton fixed his eye on Hamiiton with a mixture of surprise and indignation while he uttered this impertinent and Implous speech. * ¥ ¥ ¥ Representative R. Wal‘on Moore of Virginia, when his attention was di- rected by Mr. Beck to Thackeray's characterization of Wasbington in “The Virginians.” safd he never hears the name of Thackeray mentioned without smiling at the recollection of how that greatest of the Victorian novelists in writing of the coloni; era Is 50 far off on his geography that he places Willlamsburg, Va., and Mount Vernon sy close togsther that the Colonfal dames rode over from Willlamsburg of an afternoon to take tea at Mount Vernon. This couldn't be done even in these days of rapld transit by motor car Representative Moore, who is a close student of Virginia history and particularly well informed on the outstanding_characters of the Co- lonial and Revolutlonary period, in- jected an observation the other day of how haste to make & political ap- pointment often changes the whole history of the country. He had par- ticularly in mind the appointment of John Marshall to be Chief Justioe of the Bupreme Court by John Adams in the closing days of his adminis- tration. Mr. Moors called attention that Spencer Roane, a member of the House of Delegates who later be- came a judge of the General Court in 1787, was a stanch adherent of Jef- ferson and slated to be appointed by Jefterson as Chief Justice of the Su- preme Court had not Adams made haste to flll that office by appolnt- ment of Marshall. Representative Moore argues that Roane heid the view that the Su- preme Court had no right to declare unconstitutional any act of Congress, and 50 the whole history of the coun- try might have been changed had he been given the office instead of Marshall. * ¥ ¥ ¥ are the rule, not the ex- ception, at historic Oxford Univer- sity,” where sports are truly gentle- manly and professionalism is abso- lutely non-existent, according to John J. Tigert, United States com- missioner of education, who was a Rhodes scholarship man at Oxford and = noted athlete in his day. Reminiscing of his Oxford days, Dr. Tigert vs “The bookworm is rarely met at Oxford, and those who do not take some part in the athletic life are rarer still. I can remember days when an actual majority of us were engaged In intercollegiate contests of varlous kinds on the same afternoon. But where athletes are the rule and not the exception, timy cease to be heroes and demigods. Measured by this utilitarian principle of the great- est benefit to the greatest number, we are far behind old-fashioned Ox- ford. Again, no American who en- gages in sport at Oxford will fail to be impressed by the gentlemanly and equitable character of the cont 1 played In my college six for the three years of my stay at Oxford, and I have never known a disagreement, though the players made all the de cisions themselves without an um- pire or other third party. “The most commendable thing, however, is the complete absence of professionalism. This germ, which oftentimes has killed athletics in our institutions, is non-existent at Ox- ford, and no questions ever arise as regards eligibility and amateur anding.” Athlet, * o ox ox There has been a lot of criticism about “red tape” in the Government service and about “pulling strings to get §ood jobs"—but that mustn't be confused with the sure enough sup- ply of some 6,000,000 pounds of twine a year needed by the Post Office De- partment to. tle up packages of mail matter. Bids were called for a six- month supply during the past week by Postmaster General New. * ok ox * That all the world over graduates of American agricultural colleges are In demand Is the good news that comes to thousands of students In such institutions in practically all of the States of the Unlon from the United States Department ot Agricul- ture. Representative Tincher of Kansas has called to the Federal de- partment's attention the fact that, exclusive of alumni in Alaska, 81 graduates of the Kansas State Agrj- cultural College are working outside of continental United States. They are in Hawail and the Philippines, China, Canada, Indla, South "Africa, the West Indles, Japan and Panama, in Serbia, France, Poland, Rumania, Korea, Turkey, Brasil and Belgium. * ok ox % All_school authorities throughout the United States have had their at- tention called to 2 book on “Elements of Conservation,” which they have been urged by Representative Wil- liam B. Oliver of Alabama. to use as a text book. He said that one eminent educator complained that conserva- tion could not be, taught in the schools because “to get the message over to the children would requirs them to study about a wheelbarrow load of books on ornithology, for- estry, entomology, agriculture, lothy- ology, zoology,” etc, and he had thrown up his hands in despair, say- tng, “It can’t be done.”, Newly Rich Are Blamed - For Tokio Crime Wave A ‘“crime wave” has Inundated Japan. There was a time when one was considered safer by far on the streets of Tokio at night than In any other city in the world. Tho have go! been loudly lamenting their passing. © Furthermore, It is pointed out that crime probably will increase because there is more and more unemploy- ment, and less and less r et for Jaw. Among the influences toward lawledsness is the class known as “narikin,” or newly rich. Members of this class openly disregard the laws and express thelr contempt for the police. Among crimes which Jiave become prevalent is that of highway robbery, ‘t:m. xtracting their alub. by threatening ~ MEN AND AFFAIRS BY ROBERT T. SMALL. ‘Where does inconsistency ia gov ernment begin and end? It seems to begin everywhere, and apparently has no end. This thought was germinated in Washington in a discussion of Gov- ernment officfals anent the convic- tion and fining of “Tex” Rickard and “Jap” Muma and the others in connection with the distribution and showing of the fight films of the famous Carpentier-Dempsey bout at Boyle's Thirty Acres some four years ago. The fact of the matter is that to all intents and purposes the Govern- ment was a partner, a participating partner, in virtually the whole fight transaction. The Government sent expert accountants to Jersey City to help count the mammoth “gate” that was taken in and to bring back to Washington the Government's share of the “jack”” amounting to $100,000 or more. The Government not only “recognized” the fight, but was giad to profit from It by collecting = tax on all admissions. Similarly, when the fight films were illegally transported and placed on exhibition in the different States of the country, the Government col- lected its little 10 per cent of every dollar taken in at the moving picture places where the film was shown to the public. Of course, it is argued that the actual showing of the pic- tures In the several States was not fllegal—the transportation of the films was the criminal act. Yet how could the pictures have been shown outside of New Jersey and how could the Government have collected its tax money on these outside exhibitions except for the intervening criminal act? 1t fs emall wonder that the Federal judge at Trenton sald he felt himself in something of a quandary when it came time to pass sentence upon the convicted picture men. With the final profit of something like 325,000 to the Government in fines, however, the en- tire Carpentier-Dempsey participat- ing pool may be sald to be closed * % x * But this is not the only incon- sistency of the Government. The Goyernment is always hot after the Dbootleggers to make them pay their income tax, to make them enrich the coffers of Uncle Sam on the profits they have gained from their unlaw- ful and immoral undertakings. Thers have been cases where in- come tax collectors have told ‘the fllicit sellers of liquors that If they would “come clean” on their tax re- turns and payments the Income Tax Bureau would volunteer no informa- tlon to the criminal branch of the Government which might result in embarrassments. No immunity from prosecution as a bootlegger ever has been offered, but the rum purveyors Lave been led to understand that the Government's right hand would not be told what the Government's left hand was doing. Naturally it would Fifty Years Ago In The Star Spelling matches were not o source of public diversion in Wash- s ington fifty years ago, Spelling but they were a means of raising revenue. Such muh‘ an enterprise is an- nounced in The Star of March 30, 1875, having been promoted for the benefit of the Young Men’'s Christian Association. It was to be held the following night at Lincoln Hall, which stood at the corner of Ninth and D streets. Tickets of admission sold for G50 and 75 cents. There were to be two contests, the first between “two classes of ladies and gentlemen, led by Prof. Cleveland Abbe of the Weather Bureau and Dr. E. M. Gal- laudet, president of the Deaf and Dumb College.” The second class was to be between “two classes of profes- slonals, the Grammar School boys and girls against the reporters, print- ers, proofreaders, ete” Speaker James G. Blaine, it was.announced, would preside, but, as it turned out, Mr. Blaine had to leave the city and Columbus Delano, Secretary of the Interior, presided in his stead. The referees were Senator Windom and Ainsworth R. Spofford, librarian of Congress. * * * Shortly before the close of the Forty-third Congress an act was passed imposing a per- Personal sonal tax upon the Dis- trict. When the new Tax LaW. a0 was examined it was found to be imperfectly drawn A mass meeting of citizens was held to protest against the enforcement of the act and a committee was named to confer with the District Commissioners. The Star of April 2, 1875, says: “We surrender a large portion of our space today to a report of the in- terview between the citizens' commit- tee and the District Commissioners upon the sll-absorbing question of the personal tax. It would appear from the facts elicited at this inter- view that there was no real necessity for the levying of this personal tax that it was not favored by the Dis- triot Commissioners, and that it was only inserted in the tax law through the representations of Mr. Jeremiah Wilson” (2 member of Congress from Indiane and later and for many years a leading memiber of the District bar) “and others that no tax law could be pasgsed that did not contaln this fea- ture. It s inconceivable how Mr. ‘Wilson could have got this idea, for the fact is indisputable that the feel- ing in Congress was to relieve the citizens of Washington from the enormous taxation of the previou year, amounting In the two payments to 5 per cent, by fixing a light tax for this year. And yef, in full view of this feeling, which manifested it- self in every debate in Congress, Mr. Wilson thrust this most oppressive and offensive additional tax upon the pepple here. a tax so odious that its enforcement In the onerous shape in- terpreted by the Commissioners has recelved the unanimous protest of the largest meeting of the business men of Washington ever held in the city. “Gov. Dennison” {one of the District Commissioners hile not an advo- cate of the personal tax, holds that it 15 not really as stringent and onerous the personal tax in Ohlo, his own State, ‘where, he says, it is 23§ per cent, while the real estate tax is also 214 per cent. It would be a matter of interést now to know what amount of tax is realized in Ohlo from this source. If in that large, wealthy, heavily populated State the amount should prove less than enormous it would show one of two things— either that the assessors there failed to make anything more than a merely nominal valuation, or that a large portion of the people, feeling that the law s inquisitorial and oppressive, evade compliance with it or deliber- ately disregard it. “But, whether our personal tax is or Is not as onerous as’ that in other States, it is certain that the law pass- ed so hurriedly in the last moments of Congress is so Imperfect ana has such fatal omissions that it is virtu- ally impracticable of execution. We think, therefore, it would be the part of wisdom on the part of the Com- missloners to defer the attempt to carry out an impracticability and wait until Congress shall have an opportunity to say what it really did mean in tjgg premises.” be unfair to let the bootleggers &4t away without paying an income tax lika the honest citizen has to pay. but the point at issue is where does the Government become = trafficker with the nefarfous? It is all reminiscent of the old davs, when the . gambling hells and othef resorts, outlawed by local and, sacial laws, always proudly displayed their Government license to deal in wines liquors and cigars PR Despits the tradition which has overspread the oil fields of the Soath- west it was not an oil man who squeezad his way into Heawen by spreading a rumor that ofl had been struck in the nether reglons, thereby causing an exodus through the @earis gates. It was a gold miner. And it seems his experiments were put to verse some time ago by Albert Owen Nichols, a prominent mining engineer of the Flat River district of Missourl. The poem was entitied “Paradise Lost" and ran something like this: When Prospector Bill, tired of carthly existence, of tramping the hills nd the deserts with fate, he gave up the struggle with little re- sistance and hit the lone trall to the Ereat pearly gate. St. Peter, one eye at the peep-hole, espled him “And what have vou done to earn rest in the fold”’ Bill answered with visions of Heaven denfed him “I peopled earth’s deserts by locating gold." “A prospector, mercy,” his voice was unsteady. “Bold pilgrim.” he questioned, “hast ever been told that Heaven is full of your brethren already——they ruin * our streets digging holes to find gold.” Old Bill scratched his head, then a gleam lit his features. “Just let me come in.” he entreated. “I know a way to rid Heaven of all of those creatures, and fa I promise to get out and g Peter looked puzzled, half doubting, half hoping. “If only you could, Bill," he said with a sigh, “you know not the trouble with which you are coping, but any- how enter—you might as well try." The portal swung open, Bill lost not # a minute. Approaching the culprits digging pellmell, he spread the bold fiction for ail there was in It, that £0ld had been struck in the vortex of hell. And then something happened, as Bill had expected. Believing the yarn of this angel pro tem, the mad throng stampeded and, Heaven rejected, be- gan u wild race for the devil's own realm. “‘Well done,” said the saint in his happiest humor, “but Bill" he con- tinued, in words tense and low, “could they, Heaven's shrewdest, be fooled by a rumor? Perhaps there is gold in the realm down below.” Bill took one long breath as an angel immortal yet saw the wild tumult, yet heard the din swell. “Good-bye!* he yelled ¢ back, as he dashed through the . portal, and ‘brought up the rear on the highway to hell! THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Peter the Airedale had his those new busses on our street. They seemed so much like an en- larged private automobile, such as his master owns, that they looked distinctly good to Peter. Pete's brain registered a determi- na to take a ride on one of them the first chance he got. You could read it all there in his limpid brown eves. ‘Why not?” his eves seemed to say. in their intimate, doggy way. “You'® get on—why not me?" Pete would bound along the sid walk after the bus as If his very life depended upon it. The lope of the Airedale species is like nothing else in_dogdom. It combines the playful grace of the toy dogs with the glide of the grayhound, mixed with something of the determination of the bulldog. It you have ever seen porpoises vheel along through the sea, alter- natingly rising in the air and sinking in & curve back under the water, you will have a fair mental picture of Peter sailing along after the bus. £ . i It was necessary to keep the dog in the house in order to allow his master to get aboard. This plan worked out until one day when it are the details Pete’s chief got on the bus at corner down the block, but he did so the dog came down. “Shut the door, quick,” commanded the passenger. The chauffeur—what do you call a bus driver, anyway’— did as ordered, with the result that Pete found himself out in the cold. ‘'Woof, woof!" hailed Peter. “Go on home, Pete,” the chief called through the glass, and settled down in a seat to enjoy his morning paper. Our neighborhood is very fond of the bus. It gets you downtown quick, and after you are thers you have no Wworry about where vou shall park There is no thought, either, as to who will pay the bills for gas, or tires, or any of the other problams that worry the tired automobilat owner. i Yes, we are all very fond of the bus At the next block the driver opened the door to let thres women and two men get on. One wanted tokens, an- other desired a transfer and the others dropped their fares into the box. Just as the driver started to close the doors another passenger arrived This passenger came on all four feet, to be explicit Sure, it was Pete! You must have 2 dog of your own to guess it. Peter bounded in and made a dive for the chief. He snuggled his tan muzzle into the overcoat of his owner, who looked admirably failed. Here the Just a bounding somewhat chagrined at the dog's sud- den appearance. * % x “Pete, you get out of here,” he said The Airedale refused. These dogs have a way of refusing. They cannot be said to mind well. The other passengers grinned. The bus driver looked as if he wanted to, but wondered what in the thunder he would do with his bus. “Pete, you go home,~ commanded the chief, bodily pushing the dog out the door. “Close ‘er up, close 'er up!” Before the driver could obey, Peter had thrown himself back through the door again. Passengers began to smile. The bus operator seemed perplexed. This time the dog owner personally escorted Peter to the outside. | “Now -get in!" hollered the motor- ‘man-conductor. ‘‘Pete won't let me,’”" called the man. “Guess I'll have to take him home.” The driver looked bewildered, Pas- sengers talked to esch other. Fidelity of dogs, their love, etc. Began to tell about their own dogs. The bus started up, as the chief ana Peter went back home. What else was there to do? No Chance for Napping. From the Boston Tramscript, If Vice President Dawes malkes a) speaking tour with the Semate rules as his toplc it is reasonable to ax- sume that nobody in his audience will take & nap. L