Evening Star Newspaper, January 7, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY...January 7, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsyivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Bullding. Buropesa Office : 16 Regeat Bt.,Lodon, England. The Bvening Star, with the Sonday moraing sdition, ix delivered by carriers within the ity at 60 cents per month: daily ouly, 43 Sunday omly. 20 cents per menth. Orders may be sent by mail or tele- phone Main 5000. Collection is made by car Mers at the end of each momth. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday. . Daily only..... Sunday oniy... All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr.,$10.00; 1 mo., $3¢ Dafly only. 1yr, . 80c Sunday only..... 1yr, $3.00;1mo. 23¢ Member of the Associated Press Associated Press fs exclusively entitled to the ‘use for republication of all news dis. Patcles eredited to it or mot otherwise eredifs Inathie peper and also the local news pus; u erein its of cation epecial dispatches here lso * E No School Survey Needed. A protest has been made against the adoption of the pending 3 chool building program on the score that it is hastily devised, ill-considered and based upon no scien- tific survey of conditions. It is pro- posed that the legislation ve delayed until such a survey can be made. There should be no delay in the en- actment of the pending five-year pro- sram. No survey is needed to ascer- tain the facts of the situation. No elaborate scrutiny of the needs of the District in this respect is required to| eveal the requirements. cbvious, and whether statement of specific structures in the immediate sure is complete or exact in detail s of far less moment than the adoption by Congress of the principle of a series of buflding con- structions covering a period of years to bring the District for once in its history up to its needs. A survey of the Dist situation would take time, more time than Congress devote, certainly this session. To order a survey of needs would surely postpone action cn the five-year program propo- sition until the next Congress. That would simply add further to the neces- the District is growing in school population rapidly. In allvikeli- lood any measure providing for a series of constructions over a period of vears would be amended later, add- inz new items. possibly changing locations, perhaps altering specifica- tions as to size. The most effective survey would be one looking to such amendments. It will be a great pity, says Supt. Ballou, with reference to the proposal tor a survey, to delay the quickest pos- sible enactment of the five-year pro- zram bill, while waiting for considera- tion of any other measure, whether or not it involves investigation of the schools. There are, undoubtedly, dif- ferences of opinion regarding the school organization. There is no dif- ference of opinion in respect to the need of more buildings at once. To mix the ‘questions of school adminis- tration and organization with those of providing the physical equipment for the syst would inevitably cause a postponement, perhaps indef- tnitely, of the urgent matter of equip- ment At present there is a favorable pros- pect for the enactment of the five- vear building bill at this session. Con- gress is fully aware of the imperative need of the District in respect to its school facilities. A disposition prevails to deal liberally with the District in as in other matters of municipal Advantage should be taken of this condition to press vigor- for the enactment at this ses- 1 of the pending five-year program regardless of the possibility that program does not wholly the s in all particulars to judgments. Any move to in- a survey is calculated to de- hey are the particular m, ict's school can at school sities, as school ously asure. cover ne suit all terpose feat this object. ite House has | occasion of some dis- The after- < prestige and | the remarks of the| Breakfast a been made the tinguished dirfner sp iving ech is losing i way for arly riser Bad lighting undoubtedly makes for most of the accidents at night. Day- time accidents are caused by careless- ness in some degree and by actual congestion in the main. Motorists need to be educated in law observ- ance. Only the willfully ! need to be punished. More policemen | are necessary to direct traffic and to catch these willtul violators. Out of 125,000 drivers, if the figure given by Dr. Harriss is correct—and it prob- ably includes those registered in Maryland and Virginia who wuse the Capital's streets daily—there may be 1,000 who are actually reckness and indifferent to regulations. These can do irreparable damage. The problem to make the streets safe by lighting them properly is| merely a matter of expenditure; to make the streets wider and to provide means for a systematic control of traffic is also a matter of expenditure; and, finally, to provide a sufficient force to catch the willful violators and eltminate them by punishment and license forfeiture. Dr. Harriss estimates that $25.000,- 000 may be the cost of ameliorating the complications of the chronic dis- ease of traffic congestion from which Washington is suffering. It is a large sum, but not too large if it will effect the end sought. It is not too much to pay to prevent the scores of deaths that occur here annually and the im- mense damage to property and to per- mit a speedy, free and safe flow of the trafic through the streets of the| Capital. ! It is refreshing to hear such state ments made to the District's legis- lators by one who is qualified to speak authoritatively. Perhaps now this problem will be attacked for correct solution on the right scale. Filtered Water for Sluicing. Washington's troubles since New Year day have been coming in bunches, especially as to weather. Its experience has been somewhat on the fashion of “first it blew, then it snew; then it friz, then it thew.” And the fourth phase is the one which has caused most of the discomfort and in- convenience, resuiting in a denuncia- tion of condltions in general, and mak- ing the National Capital feel like a poor, neglected stepchild The thawing process. however, is now well under way. With Springlike temperature prevailing, and old Sol faithfully on the job lending aid to the | street cleaners, the Washingtonian is { pulling out of the mire, but taking a look around to see what is happening | is again plunged into gloom. For what | he sees is tons upon tons of clear. | sparkling water gushing from the fire | plugs to help send the street slush on | its way to the sewers and to keep the sewers themselves flushed. | This is the water that has been im- pounded, filtered and purified for drinking purposes. It is the water that the Washingtonian is periodically ad- monished to use economically because | the ratio of consumption to fiitration capacity has nearly reached its limit. Every time a fire of any unusual magnitude occurs Washington quakes | for fear its water supply will fail. In | every period of intense heat—the time | when most of all water should be avallable without stint for the sake of heajth as well as comfort—Washing- ton must put on the brakes and use less water instead of more. The city's beautiful fountains cease to flow, and lawns must thrive on a minimum of moisture. Remembering these privations of | | the Summertime and the ever-present menace of a disastrous fire necessitat- ing a heavy drain on the water supply, the heart of the District resident is made sad at the sight of the precious | sparkling drops merging into huge | streams turned loose to force the filth now clogging the streets into the sewers. The National Capital is, in- deed. in this particular respect a badly abused stepchild. The solution of the problem—a high- pressure water system in the down- town district. e When appropriations for District purposes are requested too manymem- bers of Congress are likely to forget the obligation to the Nation's Capital and begin to sing, “Far from the old folks at home.” This home-town senti- ment is noble, but it may be overdone. ——————————— That there will be cabinet resigna- tion rumors around the 4th of March - ] 1 prosperity may | suggest politely that | “Don’t Worry” { { Reports of Ame! prompt France T'ncle Sam organiz club, ——————— Traffic Remedies. ain talk. directly to the point John A. Harriss of New York | an expert on traffic, has perhaps | the members of the two Dis- | ttees of Congress before | n appeared the other day a eaver idea of the real needs of Wash- ngton in respect to traffic control and management. Poor street lighting, | lack of sufficient policemen and nig- gardly appropriations, he said, are the | of bad conditions here. | hundred policemen for traffic control should be put on the| streets immediately. There are now | only 63 policemen available for cross- ing duty, a ridiculous number for a | with practically 125,000 automo- | Two hundred men should do crossing duty. and 150 should hgve the latest type of motor cycle. | The street lighting in the National | Capital,” said Dr. Harriss to the com- | mittees, “is the worst I have seen in any city in the world.” This remark elicited ent members of the committees, not only as to the fact itself, but as to the remedy in terms of larger appropriations. The widening of certain streets is vequisite to establish arterial traffic ways. Dr. Ha cut avenue as one of these, and cites the success of the tower-control sys- tem in Fifth avenue, New York, to be adopted h for such streets as Conneeticut avenue and Pennsylvania avenue. Proceeding on the assumption that most motor drivers are careful and reasonable and law-abiding, it is neces- The Surest 1 n given tr co whi he causes the Five alone ts city biles. agre from ss suggests Connecti- e | got a raise became less important than is regarded as inevitable. The business situation and the governmental scale of compensation combine to meke pri- vate activity alluring. R8T S T To the trained politician the ques-| tion of whether the post office workers | that of whether the President’s veto would be sustained. The Biggest Things. We keep on building the biggest things. A few weeks ago the Shenan- doah was the biggest thing in avia- tion and then came the ZR-3, Los Angeles or the Los Angeles, which while it did not ‘minnowfy” the Shenandoah, at least made it seem a rather small airship, Now, we have it from Navy experts that plans are before Congress for a 6,000,000 cubic- foot airship, “which would dwarf the 2,600,000 capacity of the Shenandoah and be very much larger than the two 5,000,000-capacity ships ordered by the British government.” Perhaps when this new ship takes the air she will be named “Mastodon,” or “Im- | mensity” or “The Limit” and four | ays after she is launched the experts | will come along with a new set of | plans and say: “Tush! ‘The Limit' is really small potatoes in the way of airships. Here are plans for a | worthwhile and sizable airship. When | | she passes between sun and earth| | ier shadow will cover a 100-acre | tarm and her hangar will make the { | biggest barn in western Maryland | look like a bluebird box Americans think there are some big buildings in the United States. It has been said so several times and newspaper readers have fre- {quently seen the phrase ‘‘colossal structure” in the news columns Really, we have come to think of the Egyptian pyramids as small ob- disobedient | pyramids and setting them up ornaments in the lobby of a new office building. In the matter of biggest things comes this dispatch from Chicago: “A world’s temple to agriculture, the largest buflding in the warld, Includ- ing a radiocasting tower rivaling the Eiffel Tower, a convention hall of 20,000 seats and a commercial hotel of 3,500 rooms is planned for Chi- cago.” The date of that dispatch is December 16, 1924. By December 16, 1925, we may have a dispatch saying that the World's Temple which was built a few weeks ago and was con- sidered a structure of great size Is being torn down to make way for a large modern building. The Veto Sustained. President Coolidge’s voto of postal ‘pay bill is sustained by Senate. 'The margin by which Senate failed to pass the bill over veto was the smallest possible—one vote. That vote may be attributed to a Democratic source, as Senator Dial of South Carolina was the only mem. ber of his party to vote to sustain the veto. Two others, Senators King and Owen, were paired in support of the bill. However narrow the wmargin of the sustaining vote, it sufficed to prevent the enactment of & measure which, In the judgment of the President, is con- trary to the princsple of economy and, moreover, is not accompanied by means of increasing the revenues suf- ficiént to meet the additional cost. President Coolidge has not been op- posed to increasing the rates of pay in the postal service. He recognizes that they are low and should be in- creased. He merely contends that there should be no salary advances without a corresponding revenue in- crease. Various methods of increasing the postal revenues have been pro- posed. Until decision is reached and action had upon these proposals—in other words, until the means of rais- ing additional postal revenues are, provided—pay increase must wait. The sustaining of the veto should hasten action. the the, the the e In the old days a President went on horseback to his inauguration. . Such picturesqueness is not expected. How- | ever, a March blizzard might permit the use of a sieigh as a concession to old-time spirit. o Mussolini intends to dissolve all political clubs of a non-patriotic char- acter, reserving, quite naturally, the right to define the strict meaning of the word “patriotic.” -t The farmer has at least demon-| strated that he can go ahead and be prosperous despite the procrastination about delivering fertilizer from Muscle Shoals. ——— When a DLiizzard arrives, the con- dition of the streets gives no evidence of the fact that Washington, D. C., is the Capital City of the richest Nation on the earth. ————— Many people in Europe regard mili- tary mreparation in Europe as a na- tional custom to be taken as a matter of cours N SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Beautiful Snow! Oh, the Snow, the Beautiful Snow! Like lofty peaks in an Alpine row You freeze in a glistening, grimy mass! We find the street like a mountain pass, Wheezing, freezing and all infirm, Nobody likes you except a germ. ©Oh, the Snow, the Beautiful Snow! You land wherever you choose to go. You park yourself in the crowded way In spite of the law, and there you stay. Humpy, lumpy, with sooty streaks, You park for a day and remain for weeks. Changefulness. “Of course, it is the privilege of a statesman to change his mind.” “It’s his privilege,” agreed Senator Sorghum. “But a mind is like a twenty-dollar bill. As soon as you change it it begins to lose its influ- ence.” Patience. Patience is a virtue rare That often lightens human care. Let the snow serenely stay. 1t is sure to melt some day. Jud Tunkins says anybody can get up on the housetop and tell how to run the affairs of the world, but it takes‘a man to go down cellar and make the furnace behave. \Merry_Sport. 1f, at inauguration time ‘We cannot have a Show Ball, Perhaps in this uncertain clime, At least we'll have a snow ball. “Is Crimson Gulch as life as it used to be?” “It's worse,” answered Cactus Joe. “Formerly we'd have an occasional shooting. Now we put in all our time runnin’ one another down with fliv- vers.” careless of %K Again the verses I repeat About the snow unkind! At first I got it on my feet, But now it's on my mind! Measurement, ““That bootlegger always treats twice and no more.” “He's got things measured out,” re- marked Uncle Bill Bottletop. “Two drinks is liable to make you foolish enough to buy the stuff, but any more is likely to leave you too near unconscious to trade.” Similitude. \ This doggeral I fain would hush; And yet the style is rather pat. It's technically known as “slush.” The snow will soon be just like that, “When a man starts talkin® 'bout hisself,’ said Uncle Eben, “is one time to seck for the present evil con- dition a cause im the physical situation. 1 jects. Some day an American archi- tect will get the idea of buying the dat he's sure to be mighty generous and Kind-hedrted.* THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. The need for moré and better ap- preciators is felt in the land, along with the urge for better homes, better gardens, better children, better writ- ing. Some active soul ought to organ- ize the Appreciators, to be composed of a group of those men and women whose minds and hearts are sincerely open to the best the world has to ofter. . Do you think it is easy to appre- clate? Bless you, it is one of the hardest jobs in the world, and constitutes one most obdurate lessons. “Oh, " is not enough. > To be an. Appreciator, a charter member of the greatest soclety in the world, one has to give up resentment, suspiclon, sneering, mitigation and a few other choice vices, and devote himself whole-heartedly to attempt- ing to see the good in others, the best qualitles in the worst productions, the dim light amid the gloom, the laugh- ter amid the frowns, the heart balm where others find only heart ache. Easy to do? Why, this is perhaps the hardest task in this whole wide world, and one which calls for the highest intelligence, the finest qu: ities of heart and soul that any man or woman possesses. The Appreciators! To them belong the great and good things of this world, from the tender caress of the little child to the grand- est flow of symphonic music. To them comes the light of stars in another way than to those dull souls Lhat look into the'heavens and hear not the music of the spheres. Of such is the Kingdom of the Ap- preciators, where every man is a knightly gentleman in truth, and every woman is a fair lady in fact as well as in fancy: where life lifts to- ward the better and the best, and all the dull cares that infest the day tend | to disappear, like the ugly dust be- neath the modern magic wand known as the vacuum sweeper. SRR To be an Appreclator has give up resentment Senator Royal 8. Copeland of York in a recent article said: | fortunately, life is so constituted that | everybody has dally experlences that seem to demand some form of resent- ment. If you happen to get out eof bed on the wrong side in the morn- ing. these disturbing experiences ap- pear te have been multiplied by the million. This is because you are tired, you are Worn out, YOUr Nervous svs tem has not recuperated overnight.' Some people are chronic resentors, | it there is such a word as that, and, if there i= not, we will use it anyway. for it is a perfectly good word. | whether one ends it with “er” or “or.” Many perfectly good folk seem to| resent everything any one says to them. They must take exception to any statement, no matter what it is. If vou say the day is fair, they imme- diately declare it is somewhat cloudy. Tiad you remarked the day seemed a trifie cloudy, they would have said: “Oh, do you think so! Why, I think it is very bright.” Oh, indeed, would some power the gift give us, to see ourselves as others see us! Bobby Burus was right. If only we could—but we cannot, so that t'ell, Bill, what t'ell. Were you to carefully and secretly jot dowm these disagreements. and at the end of the month present an an- one notated edition to your friend, he would resent that worst of would not believe a word of it, “On such and such a day, would begin, “when I ungramatically safd it looked like rain, you asserted that it appeared fair. On such and such & day, I made the Innocent r- mark that street cars were preferable to busses. You declared that busses were much better than street cars. Several days later, just to catch you napping, I spoke up in favor of busses, and you, with sublime disdain for consistency. sald that street cars were the only jogical method of city transportation for bipeds. Then again I chanced to_declare in favor of a certain play. You sald you thought it rotten. When I ap- plauded & new popular song, you thought it atroeious, and when I said I was sick of hearing the “Meditation” from “Thais,” you dld not see how any one ever cguld grow tired of that lovely composition. Now what ha; you to to all this?” “Bunk,” he would sa. * % & % To be an Appreciator, give up suspicion. This fis one of the deadly sins among the Appreciators, because he automatically blots ot so much sun- shine, such healthy, life-giving sun- shine of the spirft of maR's best en- deavors. ‘When some one bubblaes up to you with the advice that by all means you should read st once So-and-So's newest book, if your mind gives an automatic reflex, just a® your leg kicks up when the examining doctor raps you smartly on the knee, know then that you are suffering from sus- piclonitis This merely one must means that you take the matter with suspicion. Maybe you are right. haps the book fsn't worth a whoop, and you will find it out before you have finished the first chapter. That makes no difterence. Right or wrong, you have been suspicious, and you must pay the penalty. To be an Appreciator, you must pass up sneering: Oh, this is the worst sin of all, among the Apprecia- tors. No man, or woman, either, can be of this tribe if he or she sneers, either openly or secretely, either figuratively or lterally. You may get by the doorkeeper, if you have a grain of resentment, two grains of suspicion, and three of mi- tigation, but if you sneer—— “Into the outer darkness with him!” roars the boss Appraciator, from the mysterfous inner chamber where sit the charmed few And the sneerer the night * * “To hava sreat poets, we must have great readers, too,” said old Walt. There are the need and the femnedy in one great prescription. And there is the reward for all of us who honestly believe that we belong to the Appreclators. By appreciating properly, wé earn our place alongside the great, and shine with some of their luster. May- be in our turn we will glean with equal light, some day, when we have taken the last degree and are num- bered with the most appreclative of the Appreciators—those who have loved others as themselves. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE President Coolidge is deeply grati- fied that he was able to persuade Harlan Fiske Stone to take a place on the Supreme Court bench. The President knows that his Amherst classmate has made a heavy financial sacrifice in-so doing. Mr. Stone, like many an Attorney General before him, could probably have retired from the Department of Justice some day and acquired an annual income of $150,000 at the New York bar. He prefers to serve his country at a salary of $14,000—just about a tenth of what he might have earned from a private law practice. Perhaps Coolidge induced Stone to go to the Supreme Court as the surest way of keeping him near at hand. When the Attorney General was appointed to his present position, it was said that he owed the selection to the fact that Mr. Coolilge wanted some one in that portfolio who was a time-tested friend. Mr. Stone becomes the young- est member of the Supreme Court, aged 52. The next voungest is Mr. Justice Butler, who is approaching 58. X William Howard Taft broke all modern records for the number of Supreme Court justices appointed by a single President. He named five, a full majority of the bench. Al- though that was within the past six- teen years, a relatively brief period in the lives of members of our highest tribunal, only one of Taft's ap- pointees—Mr. Justice Van Devaater, named in 1811—still adorns it. Three of the Taft quintet—Moody of Mas- sachusetts, Lurton of Tennessee and Lamar of Georgla—have passed on, and Hughes resigned. * % ok ¥ In both of his recent scorching pas- sages-at-arms with fellow Democrats in the Senate, Senator William Cabell Bruce of Maryland has quoted Benja- min Franklin. He has an_advantige in that respect, for one of Bruce's lit- erary productions is entititd “Benjamin Franklin Self-Revealed.” which ap- peared in two volumes in 1918. low the James” and “John Randolph of Roanoke’ are two other bovks of which Senator Bruce is the author. Bruce is Scottish by ancestry, of course, as his fighting name indicates, | and one of the Cabells of Virginia on his mother’s side. He is himself a na- tive of the Old Dominion, and was a student at the University of Virginfa, about the time Senator Oscar W. Un-| derwood was there. ' * % % When he introduced his Dbill pro- viding for both compulsory and volun tary attendance of members of the executive branch of the Government at sessions of Congress, Representative Jacobstein of New York recalled that President George Washington once pre- sented himself on the floor of the Sen- ate. It was on August 22, 1789, and the first President came, accompanied by Gen. Knox, Secretary of War, to lay before the Senate “certain facts for the Senate's information, advice and consent.” Exactly one month previous, Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State in Washington’s cabinet, “at- tended at the Senate, agreeable to or- der, and made certain necessary ex- planations.” L If exercise of the right of suftrage is the highest form of peace-time patriotism, the Nobel prize goes to West Virginia, closely pursued by | Indiana. In the recent presidential election John W. Davis' home State polled 72 per cent of its voting population, while Indiana rolled up 71 1-3 per cent. The next best re- cords were scored, respectively, by Wyoming with 69 per centj Delaware with 661 per cent, lowa with 66 per cent and Kansas with 64 2-3 per cent. South Carolina made the worst showing. Less than 10 per cent of its voting population (.06) went to the polls on November 4, 1924. Other | southern States llke Georgla, Ala- bama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Ar- kansas, voted to the extent of less than 15 per cent. b * % & % Washington's heavy fall of snow did something more than throw the Distriet of Columbia’s phantom street-cleaning department out of gear. Jt alsfo put out of action the celebrated senatorial double. actet of golfers—16 inveterate disciples the links who seldom are terrifl by the elements from indulging in their regular Sunday morning game So far in 1925 the four foursomes have had to contént themselves with post-mortems. Senator Capper is one of the shining lights of the group. He justifies goif on the Lord's day on the ground that mem- bers of Congress really have no other means, of keeping in physical trim. “My conscience began to hurt me 1less,” said Capper, who is & Quaker, “when I saw august justices of the United States Supreme Court breaking the commandment.” The senatorial golfers, whose Sunday game dates from its initiation by Warren G. Harding, when he w in the Senate, begin operatio regularly with an alternating breakfast at one another’s homes. * &k ¥ X Missouri next week will inaugurate a governor who is 8o taciturn that he is compared to President Coolidge and has already been nickmamed “Sflent Sam.” His full name is Sam- uel A. Baker. He has come up, po- litically, from behind, for he began life as a railroad section hand and school teacher. Missouri first came to know of his qualities as State superintendent of education. 'Baker is & native of the Show-Me Common- wealth and has lived there all his life. He is a Republican, a Presbyterian and a Mason, opposed the Ku Klux Klan and was nominated and elected governor without funds, organization or prominent backers. Here's his recently expressed political philos- ophy: “As a school executive, I learned that I could not satisfy all the peo- ple, s0 1 adopted the policy of satis- fying myself, and found that, after all, T had probably satisfied a greater number of people than could have been done in any other way. This policy I shall adhere to as governor of the State. There's a Coolidgesque ring about that. * x x x A reporter rushed White House executive offices the other day and exclaimed: ‘“McKen- na's resigned!” A sergeant of police on duty said: “Well, we'll miss him around here.” He thought it was “Pat” McKenna, not Associate Jus- tice McKenna, who was leaving office. “Pat” has been the President's door- keeper for nearly a quarter of a century. A whole generation of dis- tinguished Americans has passed through the portals he guards, on their way to audience with the chief of the republic. (Copyright, 1824.) through the Street Car Stops Are Puzzling to Drivers To the Editor of The Star: & Is there an automobile driver here in Washington who knows when and where street cars are going to stop? Here they go; first just around the corner, then the next one hesitate: and stops in the middle of the block, then the next one flies clear across a broad street and stops on the far side of the Intersection, and We autos mobile drivers driving carefully ¢only motorman slams -open the front door of the car, then $40 fine, and this traffic in Washington. Put a stop signal on all street cars or stop on the near side of all main intersections. C. 8. NEWLIN. ———— The Modern Diogenes. From the Cincinnati Enquirer. Diogenes was wandering aimlessly around town with his lantern. . “Still looking for an homest man?” sarcastically ingquired a cop: % “No,” he snapped, “for a parking place.” is / is cast forth into| | Politics at Large BY N. 0. MESSENGER. There is no rest for the weary from the activities of the politiclans. No sooner are we over a great na- tional campaign, epochal in its is- sues and resuit, and hoping to settle down to the humdrum vecation of Iife than here approaches a mayoralty campaign in New York City which is to reach its cllmax next Fall. But the preliminaries have already start- ed. A mayoralty or gubernatorial campaign in the Empire State is con- sidered in point of public interest econd only to a national campaign. a battle between that and deeply Intrenched organization, Tammany Hall, and the party and fusion factions which seek to oust it and to shake off the strangle-hold which Tammany is al- leged to have upon the millions of the great city. * ¥ ¥ % In addition to this alleged baneful domination upon the inhabitants of New York, Tammany is often accused of having its talons upon the na- tional democracy. The impending fight to loosen Tammany from its grip upon New York will, therefore, be watched with interest by Demo- crats of other States, and. therefore, may be said to be worthy of gen: gral publie comment and observa- tion. ] Charles D. Hilles, Republican na- tional committeeman for New York. in the man who s taking the initia- tive In the impending drive upon Tammany and starting the move- ment to effect an organization of fusion elements with the object of electing a mayor who will represent the antithesis of Tammany methods and policies. Tt has been accom- plished before, but Tammany has in- variably “come back.” Tammany can be stunned, but mever has been destroyed. The roots of its organiza- tion, discipline and peculiar methods, which are mysterious as. the doings of the heathen Chinese, seem to be too deep’y sunk in the polit}- cal sofl of the community to be | eradicated | Mr. Hilles has a plan for putting the grubbing hoe at these roots in the next election. ITe advises an early start toward an organization which is to include business men and voters of other political afliations than Democrats to fight Tammany on | higher ground than party partisan- | shlp. Instead of the fusions of the past. he seeks the kind of fusion which he calls an “infusio The o0ld fusion, he points out, consisted of many secretly, others set up for the wsole purpose of getting office for their members. He wants the Republicans to start the ball rolling in the drive against Tammany by appealing to the body of high-minded citizens not nee- essarfly affiliated with that party, but anxious for good municipal government. * %o ¥ “Tammany's defeat can best be complished at the important election of this year,” sald Mr. Hilles in a public statemgat, “if several distinct #teps are takén forthwith by men and women who desire a new order of public service. It can best be accom- plished— “First, by starting at once a cam- paign of information and education to impress upon the people the Ineffi- clency and dishonesty so character- istic of Tammany's record, and to keep before the public the hypocrisy, waste and stupidity of the Hylan ad- ministration. This cannot be done in a day. It cannot be done effectively in the heat of 2 campaign, when there reluctance to accept at their face value the statements respecting the purposes of parties, and where there is a natural tendency to discount tagks upon the party in power. There must be a sustained, consistent effort to interpret to the people the opera- tions of the Hylan administration. | More than that. the needs of the great city must be defined and a con- structive program projected. “Second, by bringing about as soon as possible a unification of the or- ganized Republican forces of the five boroughs for the duration of the campaign. There should be in the municipal campaign only one direct- ing committee, having authority to co-operate with independent groups. “Third, by the nomination of a ticket of such caliber as will make a general appeal, not alone to busi- neds interests, which regard efficiency and ecomomy as of paramount im- portance, but also to those citizens who desire above all things an ad- ministration pledged to devote atten- tion to. the humanities, to making the life of the average city man, woman and child healthier, safer and happier. It is of first importance that we do not lose sight of the cosmo- politan constituencies to which the candidates must appeal and of the complexities of life in this great city. It is a reproach to our people that for seven vears we have been gov- erned by a group whose only slogan was a G-cent fare.” P Mr. Hilles is too experienced a po- litical leader ahd too familiar with Tammany's hold upon the voters of New York City to underestimate the magnitude of the task which is be- fore those who are initiating the movement to overthrow that organi- zation. “Tammany,” he said, ‘is gulded by selected and seasoned poli- ticlans who are subjected to daily discipline and daily drills. Tammany is to the hosts of Democracy here what the Regular Army is to the potential fighting force of our coun- try. It is the nucleus of the great Army. Tammany trains the volun- teers who enlist while the fever of a campaign is on for the duration of that campaign. And she throws her seasoned forces against a volun- teer army composed in the main of raw recruits and unrelated units.” He is also aware of the lack of co- i | publican party in the five boroughs. He has plans to overcome this dis- ability. ok x ok It goes without saying that Mr. Hilles' attack upon Tammany and the Hylan administration would not be allowed to stand unchallenged. Mayor Hylan himself took up the cudgels and made a vigorous assault upon Mr. Hilles. First dash out of the box, the mayor charged that Mr. Hilles in his movement to oppose Tammany “wants to seize, upon be- half of ‘the traction, public utility and food barons, thé government of the City of New York. ) “It Is all as plain as a church stee- ple,” said Mayor Hylan. “The people understand the transit investigation |and its purpose. The investigation jis petering out and the traction jcrowd have been defeated in their jattempts to secure an increased car- jfare. A new plan is now afoot. Hilles let the cat out of the bag in {his statement. He wants to get rid |of Hylan. He wants an ‘infusion,’ although ‘confusion’ would have been a better word, of .high-mirided citi- zens’ He must think that the people {to miss our guess) Jam oif. the brakes ! have short memories. Does he really land find a policeman looking, while the | believe they have forgotten what a government of the ‘best minds' did in Washington?” * %ok % So they are oft! Crimination and recrimination; charge and hot retort. It is going to be a warm campaign, with plenty 4o read about, from uow on. Asleep at the Switch. From -the._Albany Journal. When & man says that he never had a chance he betrays the fact that whenever opportunity has knocked at his door hg was asleep. |a number of mushroom organizations, | some under the domination of Tam- | hesion and co-ordination of the Re-' THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 7, 1925. ___________—___“_—1_#—#————“—_—-———*%_&————————————' 'ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. How does Rock Creek Park rank with other large parks of the world?—D. L A. Rock Creek Park covers an area of 1,775 acres. Fairmont Park In Philadelphia, the largest city park in the world, comprises 2,648 acres; Forest Park, St. Louls, 1,372 acres, and Central Park, New York City, §40 acres. Abroad, the largest is prob- ably the Bois de Boulogne, Parls, covering 3,250 acres, followed by the Prator, Vienna, of 2,000 acres; Hyde Park, London, covers only 400 acres, and the Thiergarten, Berlin, 630 acres. > Q. Next to Washington, what city has the most women in industry’— F.H J i A. While 49 pér cent of the wom- en of Washington are engaged in gainful occupations, New Bedford, Mass, is a good second with 46.5 per cent. Fall River,’ Mass, is third: Lowell, Mass., is fourth, and Atlanta, Ga., ffth. Of married women who work New Bedford has the highest per cent; Washigijton s second, At- lanta third, Fal™River fourth, znd Nashville and Memphis, Tenn., fifth. How were the trees marked in in the old days to show —o0, .~ By brovision of an act of 1704 all roads leading to courthouses were marked with two notches on trees on both sides of the road and roads | branching off and leading to ferries had three notches, etc. There were varlous local marks, as “A” on roads leading to the State capital—Annap- olis, ete. These marks wers branded with & hot iron and colored red. Not many of these marks or even the trees survive. Q. How many full-fedged generals have there been in the United States| Army?—J. A. Z. A. There have been only five gen- erals holding permanently the rank In the seventeenth century. It was a narrow piece of linen lace or the like, folded across the breast or attached to the neck of the gown. Q. What causes a locomotive boiier to blow up?—L. S. A. The Bureau of Mines says that it explodes because pressure within the boiler becomes too great for the strength of the boiler to withstand. It may be due to the sticking of the safety valve, too low water level in the boller, or sudden weakening caused by overheating. Q. How brought N. W. A Ten airships were brought down in the United Kingdom or off the coast. “Zeppeling were on English sofl?— man down Q. What is used to make plaster busts and statues?—J. F. C. A. Plaster of Paris is frequently used for making busts and statues. It is made by caleining calcium sulphate (gypsum) at a temperaturs of 500 degrees F. In addition sculd tors frequemtly use putty, clay an wax. Q. Did the Germans form a social istic government?—>M. H, A, After the-collapse of the Ger- man Empire in the Fall of 1918, the government was taken over by the Councll of Peoples’ Commissioners 10 Berlin. Ebert and Scheigmann b came the leaders of the new Sociall republic of Germany. Germany ha for a long ti led the Sociali movement of the world in literaturs in the press and in the number of votes represented In the iegislature Q. In what was Adam de la Hale noteworthy?—F. T. A. This musician was “singer” the Count d'Artois, 1240-1286. Adan de la Hazle is eald to have remodeled the Pastourelle into & complet of ‘general. ‘They are George Wash- ington, U. S. Grant, W. T. Shefman, Phillp H. Sheridan and John J Pershing Q. Where is Walter Hampden play- ing in “Cyrano” now?—M. E. W. A. The present tour of “Cyrano de Bergerac” terminated on January 3 after two weeks engagement at the Century Theater, New York, to allow Mr. Hampden to present “Othel- lo” at the Shubert Theater. Q. What are the proper propor- tions of alcohol and water to use to musical drama, and thus have made |the first crude attempt at comic opera. He is also deserving of spe cial attention because of his efforts “to establish polyphony ia part com | position.” | Q. Is there 4 species of sea nettle in | Chesapeake Bay, which does not sting at pight>—E. 8. W, A. The Smithsonian Institution says that all species of sea nettle sting by night as well as by day. How- ever, there is a marine vertebrate known as the otenophora which is prevent freezing in zero weather? —W. H. G. A. In using pure wood alcohol and water as a non-freezing solution, use the following formula: Ten -degrees above zero, %0 ¢ water, 20 per cent alcohol 75 ‘per cent water, 35 per cenf alcohol; specific gravity, .969; 7 degrees below zero, 70 per cent water, 30 pef cent alco- hol, specific gravity, .68 22 degrees below zero, 80 per cent water, 40 r cent alcohol, specific gravity, 2951 Q. How much weight can be put on a colt being broken for ar old races’—A. R. McC. A It should not pounds. carry over Q. What is the law of average? —A. C. 8. A. The law of average is an eco- nomic law which aims to demonstrate that while the trend of human affairs cannot be forecast with certainty, it can be worked out to & considerable extent arithmetically-by arriving at s based on Statistics relating to the event. This practice has long been employed in business and is gradually being adopted in the pro- fessions. An important example of its use is the elaborate system of tables prepared by life insuranbe companies. F b Q. If a woung man who is under age enlists in the Army by misrep- resenting his age, can he afterward have his war record corrected as to age?—S. J. N. A. The records of the War Depart- ment would not be corrected to show the correct aze of a soldier. How- ever, if he so desires he can submit evidence, affidavits and a copy of his birth certificate showing the correct age which would be put on file with his record. Q. In old times people wore tuck- What kind of a garment was 90| {stmilar to the sea nettle in appearance |and is characterized by the absence of nettle cells and therefore does no I'sting. This particular specles is com mon in Chesapeake Bay. Q. How is the religious populatio of Palestine divided’—K. T | A. No offiéial religlous estima | been taken-since the war. The es jmate of 1822 exclusive of residents of Transjordania and exclusively of the | Britieh garrison, was as follow Moslems, 583,188; Christians, §4,559: Jews, 79,293; Druses, 7,034; Bahais, 158; Samarftans, 157 Q. What is used as alloy in United States gold money?—G. M. S. A. United States gold coin parts gold and 10 parts alloy. This is chiefly copper, with a little silver Q. Ts there an airship which does not use gas for inflation?—L. L. O A. The Air Service says that an | Invention has been reported in Italy | by which the ship rises by the rare- | taction of the air within the machine. It is a dirigible which can carry 90 passengers and a crew of 23. The machine is built of duralumin, and | cons of concentric chambers, en- abling the air to be rarefied in each untfl the machine is enabled to rise This is accompiished by machinery connected with the motors, and can | be varied, enabling the ship to rize ! fall and move at varied speeds. i Q. Wil a ho |cuttings?—J. C. B. A. It will not. Tt is propagated by seed and occaslonally grafted. is 90 | tree grow from (Take advantage of the frec infoima tion bureau which this newspaper maii- tains. If there is @ question you want answered dow't hesitate to wae this serv- ice. Al replies are sent direct to the in- quirer. Address The Star Information Burcau, Frederic J. Haskin, director Twenty-first and C streets northwest Inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage.) Opinion Divided on Decision To Delay. Quite' a variet$ of opinion is ex pressed by American editors toward the decision of the Allied Commission to defer the evasuation of the Cologne Bridgehead under the terms of the treaty of Versailles which would have made that action automatic on January 10. Many express the opin- ion that the fact that the treaties for commerce which prevented a German tarlff wall against allied nations ex- pired with the evacuation made, ha played no small part in what h been termed by some “a trumped-up excuse” to halt the evacuation. “The reasons are more technical than substantial” says the New York Times, “which the conference of ambassadors assigns for deciding not to prove that Germany has been guilty of formal violations of the treaty provisions Fegarding disarma- ment. But no one supposes that Ger- many contemplates an early mili- tary aggression against France. What has happened is that the conférence of ambassadors has found sufficient Jegal warrant, under the Versailles treaty, for carrying out a policy which had previously been decided upon for other and larger reasons. * * * Three wars of invasion have burned it into the blood of the French people that they must have security if they are to live in peace without carrying the burden of an immense military establishment. That is the blg question for France which lies behind the present dispute, so large- 1y technical, about Germany's having failed to live up to ‘her und, king to disarm and abandon plans for revenge. * < “The charge that there are more arms in Germany than the treaty al- lows is, of course, true,” declares the New York World. “Yet it is the merest, shabblest pretext for this re- turn to Poincarism. For every person of judgment knows that the absolute- Iy literal fulfillment of such a treaty is impossible. The British know it, the French know<#t. They announce that there is a store of light arms at Bssen. Well, Essen has been occu- pled by the French army since Janu- ary, 1932, and if the French. army could not stop bootlegging in arma- ments it must be because the thing cannot be done. Nor is it worth try- ing te do In the opinion of the Loulsville Courier-Journal, “‘the bald- taced truth, as every traveler to France today knows, is that the French are in mortal fear of a Ger- man effort at revenge, and this fear will not down as long as the present generation lives. Herriot personally, it is hinted, would chance leaving Cologne unguarded:now, éven if the British were to get out, but the state of feeling at home Is such that he dare not. And, of course, the Ger- mans, _upderstanding _the situation marod!’hl&'an taking every advaib~ tage of it i i “Technically,” 'sa¥s"“the Richmond News-Leader, “the reason on which so much emphasis will be placed in the Evacuation of Cologne alliad note probably will ‘be that Ge many has not complied with the terms of the treaty of Versailles. and that therefore the allies are under no ob ligation to retire, but, on the con- trary, are In_duty bound to remair Actually, the French and Belgians are still alarmed at the rabidness of Ger man nationalism, and while they have no immediate fear that Germany ca: undertake a war, they wish to remai where they can prevent any possible offensive. Meantime there is little ovidence in the Rhineland—or in the Saar valley, for that matter—that the are being weaned from Ger In the opinion of the Roches- ter Herald, “failure of the allies to enforce their disarmament decrees is as much a fault as is the failure of Germany to obey the orders. Con- tinuance of allied occupation will seriously try the faith not only of the German people, but of other nations, in allied promises.” * % * “If Germany intends to continue to disrégard the treaty’s terms,” thinks the Portland (Oreg.) Journal, “there is only one way to enforce it. That way is through the use of military power, and the allies are justified in using it, 80 long as it is the only means by which the treaty can be upheld. It is not the entente with which Ger- many has the quarrel. It is those people and forces in the fatherland that are responsible for violating the terms of the treaty.” Germany has never submitted morally to disarma- ment, thinks the New York Herald- Tribune, which adds: “If a great in- dustrial nation like Germany does not wish to disarm, it is & gigantio task to compel her to do so. Military control of the Rhineland will be for ia long time the key to treaty execu- tion. The council of ambassadors cannot, therefore, allow the German claim that evacuation of Cologne is now in order. It will not be in order | until Germany has done a great deal |more than she has done since 1919 |to show that she accepts the peace conditions and is going to live up to them.” On the other hand, the Reno Ga- zette says: “To be fair with France, nobody in his or her senses ever ex- pected France to live up to the terms of the treaty. It was signed as the easiest way of terminating for the moment an intolerable condition. France pretends she is afraid of Ger- many. Nonsense! All she is gfraid of is that she may find some ally with backbone enough to force her to let go her unfalr gain: ‘While in the opinion of the Duluth Herald: “It Germany has been secretly arm- ing In violation of the treaty, that, no doubt, is a reason as well as an excuse for the allled policy toward Cologne. But this country has moved far enough from. the war time and Las escaped far enough from the war epirit to want detailed specifications, | and not mere charges, before it passes judgment.”