Evening Star Newspaper, December 22, 1923, Page 6

THE - EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY...December 22, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evi Business O ng Star Newspaper Company , 11th St. and Peunsyivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 420 St. Chicsgo Office: Tower Uulldlugt European Offi 16 Regent St., London, England. The Tvening dition, is d ity at 60 ¢ sents per m man . phone Main clers at th Rate by Mail—Payable in Adwance. aryland and Virginia, Daily and s 1m0, Daily only 1 mo. Sunday only i 1 mes, 20¢ All Other States. yr.. $10.00; 37.00; $3.00; r. with the Sunday morning 1'hy carriers within the menth: daily only. 45 lection 1s made by car- ad of each month. Da Da 5 ol 3T su Voo mine o d ¥ By of the Associated Press. ted Pross v exclusively entitled republication of all news dis. 1 mo., Xe 1mo., 60c 1 mo., 256 d to it or not otherwise credited | and also the local news pub. Ail rights of publication of e h o also reserved Soviet Denials. vin, foreign minister of the riment, has, as was ex- denied the authenticity of the documents made public by Secre- Hughes to show the conne between the Moscow government and third " internationale, and also to ganda activity of the atter in dircetion of destroying the foundations of the American gov- ernment. Ho quotes Zinovieff, presi- the third communist inter: . and Steckloff, editor of Izves: eputed to be the official organ of ict government, who “emphati- cally declare the documents are un- mitigated forgeries. Tchitcherin challenges Mr. Hughes, “failing their unconditional withdrawal, to produce them before any impartial court of arbitration jointly agreed upon. Fail- ing to do this, Mr. Hughes will show the whole world that he has conscious- ly made himself instrumental in pub- lishing and bhroadcasting forged docu- ments. It is up to Mr. Hughes to ac- himself upon the accusations him.” This is precisely what it was thought would happen. It is true to the soviet of denial and counter accusa- It was foreshadowed in speeches made in the Scnate by American be- in and supporters of the soviet nment, one of whom declares t for three years has that gov- ernment had anything to do with propaganda against foreign govern- mer Of course, Mr, Hughes will not cept the challenge.”” He will not refer these documents or others he may have in his possession and which are available for later presentation to an “international arbitration Jjointly agreed upon.” The Senate of the United States, through its foreign re- tations committee, is about to consider, on the basis of a resolution declar- - ing that the soviet government should be recognized by the United States, this whole matter of soviet-promoted activity in this country. This is not an “international” ques- tion in the sense of requiring submis- slon to a court of arbltration. The United States has no relations with Russia. The President has expressed his hope that conditions may soon per- mit the establishment of such rela- tions. but peints out the things that Rus: must do before recognition can be granted. Secretary Hughes has stated specifically that one of these grounds of present objection is that the Ru an government, acting through its “spiritually and material- Iy" identical third internationale agenc is conducting a propaganda for the destruction of the American government, seeking to *hoist the red flag over the White House.” The so- viet government deni This is our question, not the ques- ‘{fon of any other country. We do not have to refer to a foreign tribunal our objections to recognition. Russia, ask- ing for recognition, must come here ‘with her defense. Those who know Charles Evans Hughes' record as lawyer, as investi- gator In a sweeping inquiry, as Gov- ernor of the s of New York, as a justice of the United States Supreme Court and as Secretary of State have no question of his ability to recognize evidence and proof. It is inconceivable that he, with his long experience in matters of this character, should now be betrayed and beguiled. ——————————— 1f Menry Ford's indorsement of President Coolidge was an effort to avoid appearing overanxious on his own account he may by this time be suspecting that he rather overdid it. —_————————— District Manufactures. The Chamber of Commerce has been discussing means for extending light manufacturing industries in Washington, and the committee on manufactures reports that “the com- mittee again urges that the growth and expansion of the manufacturing establishments now here should be encouraged, and also that every proper facility should be freely tendered every legitimate manufacturing enterprise of a nature which will not reduce the standard of our citizenship seeking a tocation in or adjacent to Washing- ton.” ® While it may not be easy to draw Tehiteh sovict pected her “tion the sc quit policy tion. “ac- a hard and fast line between “light”|® and “heavy” manufactures or to define clearly the manufacturing en- terprise which would reduce our standard of citizenship, the matter is susceptible of liberal and common sense interpretation. The, manufac- tures of Washington are now of the light variety, and they are numerous and generally prosperous. They will no doubt grow as the section they serve grows, and they should be able to extend their market into new fleids. There is no opposition in the Dis- trict to industry and very little to manufactures which do not diminish ‘Washington’s attractiveness as a resi- dential city. Opposition is felt to- ward “heavy” manufactures, which involve the operation of smoke-produc- ing and noise-making plants, but the opposition is chiefly academic, because it is improbable that these kinds of manufacturing plante would seek Washington. The industrial plants which have grown up here are mostly { democrats in January, when they call | temzion is distracted by these run by electvic power, and with the: development of our electric plants and the production of “white coal power” by the. Potornac river the use of efectricity in industry will be ex- tended. Washington has Had its eyes open for trade and manufactures ever since it was established. When the city came into being the trade of the Potomac valley and a large section to the west was done through George- town and Alexandria, and they held their tradle against competition of the new city. Georgetown has become & part of Washington, and Alexandria is virtually 4 part of the Capital. Washington grows fast in population, and manafactures suitable to our situation have prospered untll their | aggregate as shown by census reports is surprising, or should be surprising to those persons who think that the only business done here Is govern- ment business or that which is done to supply the wants of government workar Campaigns Too Long. Henty Ford's suggestion, concern- ng the disturbance of business by the Presidetitial campaign, thata majority of the voters shoukl make up their minds now against a change in the presidential office and then proceed to business as usual, while applicable to a specific proposition, raises the ques- tion whether, in fact, our campaigns are not too long. : Take the case as it is now; the presidential campaign may be stid to begin practically in December, when the republicans call their national nominating convention, and for- the | theirs. That is to say, the public’s a talk of candi- dates and rivalries for the presidential nomination. In January, February and March state conventions or pri- maries are held for the selection of delegates to the convention which will nominate candidates for the presi- dency. By the middle of June, or not later than July 4, the nominations wure made and the actual campaign for the election of the national ticket is under way. For more than four months the country is harassed by the campaigners; the atmosphere reeks with politics: one can hardly ‘ghear one's self think™ for the shouts from the hustings. This occurs, too, at the time when the farmers are making fheir crops, bullding up the wealth of the nation. Aforetime, a six-month campaign was none too long, on account of the difficulty of communication among the states. Roads were bad. Newspapers were limited in number. The record of congressional proceedings tock @ long time going the rounds of the neighborhood. Telegraphic communi- cation was limited. Now there are the fast trains carrying the mails, and the telegraph and telephone supplanting the mails. Wonders are expected of the radio in the coming campaign, from the sample efforts already ex- hibited. Suppose one of the regular parties should decide to abandon present cus- tom, saying: *“We will nominate in the middle of August and give the coun- try & surcease of these long cam- Would not the Lopposition v have to follow suit? Even the few weeks saved would be appreciated by the country. Make the campaigns short, but lively. s Stuck in the Mud. ‘When a ship like the Leviathan rams her nose into the mud of & chan- nel bank there is something doing. This happened vesterday as the glant- ess of the seas was entering New York harbor. A heavy fog prevailed, and somehow the big craft got turned a little bit too far to the left—beg par- don, captain, to port—and she plowed into the shoals of Robins Reef off Staten Island and wedged herself- so tightly that she could not back off with her own power. Summons for help brought tugs, twenty of them finally, and they hitched their lines to her and snorted and pulled and chugged and strained, but without ef: fect for seven hours. Then it was the rising tide that finally got the great ship free, lifting her hull from the clinging channel bank. Meanwhile many of her passengers had been taken off and sent up the bay. Nobody knows what this little “touch of bottom” has done to the Leviathan. She may have to be docked to deter- mine her injuries. It is intimated that she may be laid up for four months. But she was going to dock anyway for the customary midwinter repairs, 80 the misadventure of yesterday may i not prove particularly disastrous or costly. Meanwhile, there will, of course, be inquiries into why she ran aground. There is already some con- troversy. The pllot says that the out- going tides swung her stern to star- board—yes, that is right, starboard— and that pushed her nose out of chan- nel, and her momentum, even at slow speed, was such as to ram her into the silt before she could be straight- ened. Be that as it may, there is rea- #on to be grateful that this was not & gerious mishap and that nobody was hurt. —————— The term “Christmas cheer” has en. couraged John Barleycorn unduly in an ambition to take the spotlight away from Santa Claus. ——————— At first Secretary Mellon's idea of reduction resulted only in a few ses- slons of the “It-Can't-Be-Done” Club. Tomb of the Unknown. It is proposed to build a shaft above the tomb of the unknown at Arling- ton, and a model has been submitted for inspection of the Fine Arts Com- mission and the Secretary of War. The model, to judge from the pub- lished photograph of it, is majestic and impressive. The idea that this tomb may be marked in some other way than at present is pleasing. The marble which now marke the tomb is not satisfactory to many. It is'chaste and simple, and it makes a deep im- pression on men who reflect that there rest the ashes of ene unknown soldier typical of regiments of others who fell in the fury of battle and found a grave with no other epitaph than “unknown.” But there are others who feel that this tomb should THE EVENING STAR, 'WASHINGTON, B be marked with a mere striking aymbol of national apprecistion, The present low marble covering of the grave touches the reverent and thoughtful man. It is in the midst of acres of graves, tombstones, monu- ments and mausoleums. There are no memorials of greater eloquence than this. When a man comes to this place he has passed & mile of tombs, and thery is often & senwe of disappoint- ment or of melancholy that there is not more grandeur in the tomb of the unknown. Around it is a wooden picket fence, and explanation of this often diverts thoughts of pligrims from the significance of the place. The paling fence was put there to protect | the tomb against what many men con- sidered irreverence. Perhaps np man ever committed an act of intantional irreverence there. If there was ir- reverence it was uncenscious or the irreverence of ignorance. A tired or footsore pilgrim might sit on the tomb. Another weary pilgrim worn by “sightseeing” would rest a foot on the tomb. It has been said that a thoughtless, careless man might strike a match on it. A shaft or other form of memorial, majestic and splendid, showing plainly that it marks a grave, would probahly hush conversation, compel men to stand uncovered and make them re- flect on the meaning of this grave. It has been proposed at various times that a military guard be mounted at the tomb, and with an Army post a few hundred yards away this could be done. Topsy-Turvy Weather. Some confusion prevails in the pub- lic mind as to when winter actually begins this vear, according to the alendar. December 21 is ususlly looked upon as the official opening of the season. But eccording to the al- manac this year winter is not formal- Iy inaugurated until 3:54 p.m. today December 22, Even nature is confused. According to the dispatches yesterday a pansy -bloomed at White Plains, N. ¥i At Mount Vernon, also in New York state, the yard of the mayor préduced blooming roses. At Sandjafield, Mass., a farmer's dog killed a woodchuck that had been lured from its lair by the balmy sunshine. At Tiflin, Ohio, dandelions poked their heads through the turf. At Geneva, N. perature was so high on ‘Thursday night that it was necessary to open the windows of a hall where a danc- ing exhibition was being held, and through them swarmed cloads of mos- quitoes hatched in & nearby swamp, causing a sudden close of the exhibi- tion. At Stratford, Ontario, ripe straw- berries were picked. What does it all mean? Meteorologi- cal wiseacres are quite at sea. The phenomena of topsy-turvly nature have put the wiseacres into' a quandary. There is much shaking of heads, and there are mysterious lints of terrible things to come before the real spring arrives. December in this part of the world is hardly a winter month. It is really a part of theautumn. The true winter in Washington comes in January end February, with an occasional hang- over in March. Sometimes the old scandal about lingering in the lap of spring is protracted until April. The middle of that month last year was marked by one of the most disagree- able snow and sleet storms of the year. Straw-hatted tourists coming home from the south were embarrassed on reaching Washington to find them- selves out of tune with the elements. These pansy - strawberry - mosquito- rose-woodchuck manifestations may mean a “green Christmas” that old- faghioned folks dread, but they cer- tatnly do help the coal pile. ————————— Sovietists who desire to see “the red flag floating over the W'hlu‘ Hou: may have mistaken applause for the Russian ballet for an indorse- Laborers and farmers who desire to enlist are discouraged by Obregon. | They can be more useful to their country by laboring and farming. —_————e—————— In certain classes of politiciens in various parts of the world the proposi- tion to reduce general taxation is re- garded as almost unethical. —_—— Technical argument &s to points of faith fortunately offers no interference with relizious influence in matters of moral obligation. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Standing in Line. Standing in line to pay taxes: Standing in line to gecure The tag you must get ‘When your flivver you set On the road for a pace that is sure. Standing in line for a ticket To get you a glimpse of the show Of joyous relief. The pleasure is brief, But the path to thaf pleasure is slow. ‘Waiting from pay day to pay day; Hoping for weather that's fine. Fate somehow contrives That a lot of our lives Must be made up of standing in line. Changes. “Politics isn’t what it used to be,” sighed the old timer. “True,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Some of the most startling interviews get by without being denied next day.” Jud Tunkins says everybody thinks he would be a wonderfully good fel- low all the time if a lot of incon- siderate pedple did not make it im- possible. Motor Warnings. Unto your speed, oh friend, give heed! ‘Taxatlon cannot stop If every flivver comes to need A separate traffic cop. Art Observation. “Many dancers do not use stockings any more.” i “Excepting,” rejoined Miss Cayenne, ‘to hang up on Christmas eve.” “De best man doesn’ allus win in an election,” said Uncle Eben, “any mo’ dan at a weddin".” IN TODAY’S D. C. SPOTLIGHT BY PAUL V. COLLINS “God relgns, and the government at Waghington still lives!” exclaimed & patriotis American, when, with evi- dences of a great conspiracy, the assassination of Lincoln shocked the ngation, Confldence of a mighty patriotism, in infinite Providence, is sublime, Blind imprudence is never bravery. Bravery trembles, but determines, “Thou tremblest, carcase?” solilo- quised a great French general who bad never lost a battle. “If thou knewest whither I shall lead thee, presently, thou mightst well trem- ble.” Then he led his army into the felry carnage—to victory. Orators may not tremble—not knowing the needs of the crisis— and sometimes their show of ridicule measures with their absence of know- ledge of danger. * ¥ kK The State Department, under Sec- retary Hughes, has made one of the boldest charges in American diplo- macy. It has accused the rulers of a great people of conspiring to over- throw the United States government. The alleged conspiracy would bring revolution, grray class agalnst class, socialize the fndustries and confiscate and nationalize the investments of productive property. It would incul- cate murder and wholesale ¢xecutions of citizens. ¥ ¥ k& The constitution of the republic of soviets—not Russian but interna- tional, combining now White Russia, Georgla, Armenia, Azerbaljan and the Ukraine—contains this statement: “The, very strength of soviet power, ich is essentially international in i% class character, prompts the mass of sovereign republics to seek closer unlon by forming themseives into one socialistic family, as it were. “Access to this federation §s open 4o all soclalistic sovereign repub- lics—those existing now as well as those bound to spring up in the future. “The new federation will be a re- liable rampart agalnst capitalism and a new, decisive step towards the union of ail countries into one world soclalistic republic.” * ¥ x ¥ The above quotation is the key to the propaganda actually ecirculated among workingmen throughout the United States, seeking to allenate their loyelty from our republic and tie it up with world socialism. Offictal orders have come from Moscow, is- sued by Zinoviev, president of the Communistic Internationale and also president of the Workers' Party of America (communistic) commending the last year's progress of the Work- ers' Party here and directing the organization of “units of ten” among workingmen, in factorles and upon rallroads. Further, this order states: “Each of these units of ten must have its own fighting unit, of not less than three men, who are uppointed by the leader of the unit, with the ap- proval of the central committee of the ty. The members of the fighting unit, in addition to all other matters, must, once a week, be given instructions in shooting and recelve some instruction in ‘ploneer work'—bombing, * * * We hope that the party will, step by step, embrace the proletarian forces of America, and in the not distant future raise the red flag over the Whiie House.” ok % x In a book written by Nikolai Lenin, dictator of Russia, entitled “The Soviets at Work™ (publishgd In New York city), he boasts: (Page 45.) “In a few years we have overthrown the bourgeoisie and crushed her open resistance in civil war. * * * We established the dictatorship of the proletariat, supported by the poorest peasantry. ¥ * *° (Page 42.) “The more firmly we now have to advocate a merciless and firm rule, and dictator- ship of individuals for definite processes of work, during certain periods of purely executive functions, the more diverse should be the forms and means of mass control, iA order to paralyze every pos; sibility of distorting soviet rule. * (Page 26.) ' e of the dic- tatorehip of the riat should not be weakened by & too mild proletarian of government. 30.) _“The resolution of the (Pages the last (Moscow) congress soviets, advocates, as the most impor- tant problem at present, the creation of eficlent organization and _higher discipline. ® ¢ ¢ ‘But that their real ization reguires compulsion, and com- pulsion in the form of a dictatorship, is ordinarily not comprehended. And yet it would be the greatest stupidity and the most absurd opportunism to sup- pose that the transition from capitalism to soclalism is possible without compul- sion and dictatorship.” (Puge 32.) “A dictatorship is an iron rule, with revolutionary - daring, an is swift und merciless in thc suppre slon of exploiters, as well as of the thugs—hooligan: (Page 36.) *And today the same revolution—and, indeed, in the interest of soclalism—demands the absolute gub- mission of the masses to the single will of those who direct the labor process.” (Page 35.) “We have not yet learned this, but we will learn this.” * ¥ % ¥ The fres press and free speech must be suppressed, and labor must be compelled and taught to produce mor ording to Lenin. “Oh, Liberty! What committed in thy name! The United States Constitution pro- hibits “involuntary servitude.” Boviet- ism — bolshevism — makes compulsory servitude the very keystone of its or- ganization. Americans are free; bolshe- vists are_enslaved. America is_pros- perous. What a contrast with Russia and her allied bolshevistic nations, look- ing to America for aid! Cok ok ox o The government holds that ultimate success of the treasonable cfforts of the bolsheviks is not the only evil of their activities. All the intermediate degrees of created unrest, of inspired class jealousies and of the lowered standards of clvilization, morality and reverence for God must be fought. For these influences, say the ofciala, bring criminal tendencies, tending toward assassination, strikes and riots. All this is treason in its Very purpose, * ¥ * ¥ The State Department and the De- partment of Justice with its secret service replete with facts and documents proving conspiracy and treason. The officlals are not “scared they have evidence of a menace, and they weigh it calmly and deem the time fit for the exposure of their conclusions. That they are not going to broad- cast their facts, even on demand of congressional orators, does not lessen the intense seriousness of the dis- coveries. When has it been the prac- tice of combating forces in war to disclose to the enemy all the discov- eries of their intelligence corps? PR Those who belittle the menace &s- sert that such a bolshevistic program for America is so impossible as to bo grotesque. Our ideals of civiliza- tion, they eclaim, are so inwrought into the hearts of most of our citi- zens that to compare America with Russia, where 85 per cent of the peo- ple are illiterate peasants, Is pre- posterous. Yet a quarter of our own population can neither read mor write. and the growth of crime is not less serious here than in other countries. Not marching columns constitute the menace, but secret assassination and bombing. Why has not the Department of Justice prosecuted the agitators? Is not free speech a bulwark of our Iiberties? Would not the very state: men who raise that challenge to t officials of justice be the first to a ratgn_infringement of freedom of speech? Public opinion must first be sed, to give intelligent support to h prosecution, lest the same pleas e heard as those which defended the “political” traitors of the world war. (Copyright. 1823, by Paul V. Collias.) crimes are New London Publisher Saved British Statesman From Ruin BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY, Lord Wittenham, who is associatd with the late Lord Grimthorpe's brother, the Hon. Rupert Becket, in the purchese of the London Morning Post from the Countess of Bathurst, formerly a partner of the old family bank of Becket & Co. of Leeds, was for some years registrar of the privy council and had put in eighteen years in the house of commons as George Denlzon Faber, when raised to the peerage, in 1918, as Lord Wittenham. Extremely good looking, clever and gifted, he became as great a favorite of that eccentric Croesus, the late Andrew Montagu of Inghamthorpe, that when the old fellow died it was found that he had left him the bulk of his great fortune of $§40,000.000, with mere bequests to his brother and to his nephews. . " Montagu was a rabid tory, 'and dur- ing his lifetime loaned out enormous sums, running into millions of dol- lars, to conservative leaders and statesmen. At his demise, which was rather sudden, consternation prevail- ed for a time, OWIng to the belle that his heirs would call for the repay- ment of all_his outstanding money. This would have resulted in the ruin of many public men and would, con- sequently, have proved a damaging blow to the conservative party. Great rellef was, therefore, experlenced ‘when it wa® found that George Faber was not only the chief heir, but also the executor, as he was known to be an enthuslastic tory and a particular protege of the late Lord Salisbury. who, when premier, had secured for him the office of registrar of the privy counclil. * % * X Lord Wittenham, now a prominent figure of the turf, is married to one of the beautirul Grahames of Bether- by, one of his wife’s sisters being the Duchess of Montross, while among his sisters-in-law are the lovely Lady Cynthia Graham and Mrs. Hugh Gra- ham, who was Miss Jessie Lowe of Savannah, Ga. He comes from dn old Huguenot family which has been set- tied in Yorkshire for more than two centuries and which has iarnished several distinguished converts to the Roman Catholic Church, among them Rev. Francis Willlam Faber, tie well known poet, who, after his conver- sion, founded the Order of the Ora- torians, who have their headquarters in one of the finest churches and monastries of the British metropolis, at South Kensington. On his mother's side Lord Wittenham is related to the great Cardinal Newman. Let me add that he was asociated with the late Marquis of Ripon as ons of the prin- cipal backers of the Covent Garden Opera_Asociation, and be is an inti- mate friend of the Earl Balfour. * k% ¥ the name of “Baron de which savors of the comic journals and of the farcical titles Elven on the vaudevills stage here io penniless alleged English nobles seeking the hand and fortune of an American heire or a loan from her male relatives, few will recog- nize that populsr sportsman and gal- lant soldier, Lord Willoughby de Broke (pronounced Brook) nine- teenth peer of his line, and who has just been gathered to his long line of fathers. For his barony was created in 1491 bz Klg, Henry VII, in faver of Sir Robert Willoghby, one of the chlef commanders of the vic- torious army at the battle of Bos- worth, which gave the crown to that monarch, and who still enjoys the ‘Unde: distigction of having been the first eoldiér in English history to be ac- corded, -by the crown, the title of field marshal. It was conferred upon him on the occasion of his being ap- pointed to the command of the Eng- lish troops sent across the channel to ald the sovereign dukes of Brit- tany {n their war against the French crown, The barony fell into abeyance on the death of the second lord among the latter's granddaughters, and was revived in 1694 in tho person of Sir Richard Verney, whose mother was 2 daughter of the only son of the sscond Lord Willoughby de Broke. Since then, this peerage has alwavs been in the ession of the his- toric house of Verney. Indeed, the principel country ssat of the Lords llloughby de Broke was known as Compton Verney in Yorkshire. * ¥ % % It was, until recently, in their possession for over four hundred years, and contained many relics of Queen Elizabeth, as well as some superb Romneys, while the gardens, ‘hich are a feature of the place, were laid out by the celebrated land- scape artist “Capability” Brown However, last year, Lord Wil- loughby de Broke sold the entire propesty, embracing 20,000 acres, to Joseph Watson, formerly & member of the great Leeds firm of soapmakers. In 1918, J. Watson went on to the turf, purchased Manton, the well known racing establishment of Alec Taylor, whom he retained as trainer, and, within & year, won the Pa Grand Prix with his horse ora, which also ran third derdy on Epson Downs. The late peer excelled at cricket and was for a_number of years mas- ter of the Warwickshire hounds, where he acquired celebrity by rea- son of the amazing picturesqueness of his language in the hunting fleld— language- often quite the reverse of conciliatory. He also shone as a steepjechaser and was with Capt. “Bay"-Middleton when the latter broke his neck at Kineton, near Compton Verney. The late Lord Wil- loughby de Broke lost his younger son in India, through drowning, some years ago,,was bereaved of his only daughter inder tragic circumstances and is now succeeded as twentleth baron by his older son, Captain the Hon. John Vernsy, who, very badly wounded on the French front, won the military cross as an officer of the 17th Lancers and has been for the last four years on the staff of Sir George Lioyd, iate governor of Bombay. He is as yet unmarried, pot particuiarly well off, very good looking, and, in the event of his death without is the peerage would, fall into abeyance between his two aunts, sisters of the late lo namely, the Hon. Mrs. Lloyd Bake: who lost her husband in the great war, ang Mrs. Bradley Hanbury, The new Lord Willoughby de Broke must not be confounded with the half- American * eighteen-year-old Lord Willoughby de Eresby. ‘The latter is the eldest son and helr of the Earl of Ancaster and of his American wife, the former Miss Elolse Breese, dau 'y.;,:{ the late Willlam Breese of New The late Lord Willoughby de Broke 1l be remembered in America as oclated with the late Viscount Chaplin and other leading sportsmen in England fn a successful movement to secure the enactment of laws com- pelling the use of anesthetics in the performance of any sort of surgical operation ~on domestic _animals. Thanks to them it has become a in {cnal offense to perform any opera- jon upon domestic animals without administering pain-saving devices, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1923. R The Library Table A yvear ago the Booklover volced in this column a strong preference for «Charles Dickens' “A Christmay Carol” as the story which best expresses the Christmas spirit. I believe it should be reread, preferably aloud to the family, every year at Christ- mas time, just as the good citizen should read the Declaration of Inde- pendence each Fourth of July. After you have read it I suggest a reading in the December Atlantic Monthly of A. Edward Newton's characteriza- tion of it entitled “The Greatest Little Book in the World.” Mr. New- ton quotes with approval the opinion of Lord Jeffrey that “the ‘Carol’ had done more good than all the pulpits in Christendom.” He points out that although 1t Is just elghty years since it was first published it still remains a “best seller” and that it has been tranelated fnto almost every lan- guage in the world. The greatness of the “Carol,” he says comes from the fact that it makes every one want “to make the world a liMtle better.” “Dickens,” he continues, “gave Christ- may & new meaning; from being merely a festival of the church, kept to some extent by church people, he made it a universal holiday, and he did this without in any way dero- gatlng from its secred character.” * Kk K K Mr. Newton is'a book collector and specializes in editions of Dickens. He relates that he was showing his books to a friend who remarked at the number of editions he had of the “Carol” gnd asked him {f he was running & corner in them. His reply was that as Dickenw collector he was obliged to have all the early issues nd sald he, “I always keep a few ‘spares’ on hand for emergencies.” When asked what he would call & “emergency” he replied: “Well, if 1 were to meet a man at Christmas time who had not read the book, 1 should consider that an emergency requiring {mmedlate action.” * k % ¥ Readers of this column may recall that a year ago I expressad a prefer- enoe for “A Visit From St. Nicholas” as my favorite Christmas poem. A disoussion of the authorship of the poem Is given in the newly publish- ed book, “Famous Single Poems,” by Burten E. Stevenson. It appears that the authorship was long claim- ed by his descendants for Henry Liv- ingston, & farmer, but Mr. Stevenson concludes that the poem was written by Dr. Clement C. Moore for his chil- dren. Mr. Stevenson takes as the theme of him book a cuotation from Oliver Wendell Holmes: “I would rather rigsk future fame upon one iyric than upon ten volumes” He quotes fifteen such famous “lyric sometimes giving variant 'editions and in one case a parody. much ingenious detective which often makes his bpok excit- ing reading, Mr. Stevenson discusses the ceses of disputed authorship and &ifta the evidence of various claim- ents. Among the other poems quoted and discussed are “There Is No Death” by John Luckey M Creerye who #pent much of his iife in government employment and was burfed in Washington: Alexander M. Rose's “Kaiser & Co.” the recita- tion of which by a naval officer dur- ing the Spanish-American war was almost an international = incident “Casey at the Bat.” by E. L. Thayer; “Walting,” by John Burroughs; “Ben Bolt” by Thomas Dunn English; “Beautiful Snow.” John W. Watson: “Nothing to Wear.” by William Allen Butler. and “Solitude.” by Ella ‘Wheeler Wilcox. * % ¥ % Just at this season there is much demand for collections of Christmas | eongs and poetry. Especially to be recommended as¢ admirably filling tha® need are two small volumes en- titled “Christmas in Poetry,” first and second serfes, the selections for which have been chosen by a com- mittee of the Carnegie Library 8chool Association (Pittsburgh). The compilers have included many an- clent Christmas carols drawn from England, Russia, France, Spain and Italy; Christmas hymns ancient and modern, Martin Luther’s “Cradle Hymn,” Phillipe Brooks' “O Little Town of Bethlehem,” Richard Wat- | son_ Gilder's “Christmas Tree in the Nursery,” Mary Mapes Dodge's ‘Stocking Song on Christmas Eve" and many others by such poets as Kenneth Grahame, Robert Herrick. John Davidson. Christina G. Rossetti, Josephine Preston Peabody, Franocis Thompgon, G. K. Chesterton and Eu- Bene Field. * ¥ % % “Sir John Deering.” by Jeffrey Far- nol, is a vigoroous, swashbuckling romance, & “cloak and dagger” ro- mance of the late eighteenth century. Bir John Deering is a remarkable ewordsman and also has the dis- tinction of being considered the wickedest man {n England. The other characters are all fighting noblemen, beautiful ladiesand confidants, hench- men and maids who are attached to the noblemen and beautiful ladles. The plot contains smuggling. poach- ing. mysteries, fighting, murders and, of course, numerous love affairs. In the end almost all the characters are paired off and tied up in matri- mony. EEE The politics of a small nation are not at all uninteresting, provided the nation be, as in the case of Hol- and, more or less in the thick of orld business. “Holland Under Queen Wilhelmina,” by Prof. A. J. Barnouw of Columbia University, covers the period from the accesion te the Dutch throne of Wilhelmina, at the age of ten, to the present time. In a foreword Edward W. Bok speaks highly of Dr. Barnouw’s peculiar fit- ness for writing such a book and calls it _a model of condensation. Queen Wilhelmina, like Queen Vie- toria, the author shows, has devoted herself to being 2 wise ruler and has spent no energy on the various forms oF Qilettantism, as did, for example. the ex-kaiser. Since her maturity she has made it her first business to be well informed concerning all af- fairs of state and spends much time in studying state papers. Her in- fluence on the constitutional and economic development of her coun- try has been very important. Prof. Barnouw answers at some length the charge that Holland was pro- German dul‘lns‘lhe world war. = He admits that, rman pressure was responsible for many of the acts of Holland, but holds that it was fear, not love of Germany, which made Holland “play safe.” Certainly the position during the war of the littie country whoss coast line included the mouths of both the Rhine and the Scheldt, was not an enviable one. In & formsl neutrality lay her only safety, but this trality was not wways easy to preserve, in fact, be- tween German pressure and allied pressure from the sea. * k k% Anthony Dare, schoolboy, known to his friends as Tony, is the subject of Archibald Marshall's recent novel, “Anthony Dare.” The book can hard- 1y be sald to have a plot; it is merely a chronicle of Anthony's doings Trom his early boyhood In his father's com- fortable heme in a London suburb to the time when, seated at a desk in his half-brother's office, he begins the business of earning a living. The charm of the book is double; the sym- pathetic delineation of Anthony’s lov- able character and the beautiful de- scriptions of English country life in Norfolk, ! s ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FRBDER“-: J. HASKIN Q—What Detroit automobile fac- tory has a brass band?—M. M. A—The Detroit Board of Commerce says that thres Detroit automobile manufacturing plants—the Ford Mo- tor Company, Dodge Brothers Com- pany and Studebaker Company—main- tain brass bands made up entirely of factory employes. Q—What _is_gooseflesh and what causes it?—B. M. A.—Gooseflesh i3 the contraction of the little muscles, called arrector pa- pillas, which are found penctrating the bulbs in the skin at tho base of every hair on the hyman body. These muscles are contracted in response to nervous impulses from the “svmpa- thetic” nervous system. It has al- wavs been thought that only exposure to cold or nervous shock could cause gooseflesh, but recent experiments show that If a person plunges the lower half of the body suddenly into pleagantly warm water gooseflesh will appear. Q—1s it a universal custom architects to make a minimum cl of 5 per cent on any contracts gardless of size?—M. B. McD. A.—The American TInstitute of Architects’ schedule calls for 10 per cent for small contracts and 6 per cent for large contract for arge Te- Q—When were nails first used?— M. M L A—There is no date in fixing the first use of nails. Up to a century ago they were still exclu- sively ‘hand made, and even as late as 1850 it was a general custom in this country for the nall maker with his forge and anvil to come Wwith the carpenter to make the nails needed in the erection of a bullding. The first nail-making machinery origi- nated in Massachusetts in 1810 to make cut nafls from steel or iron plates. The use of cut nails is now greatly reduced by the Introduction of machinery and wire nails, which came into th ited States from Ger- many in 18 was discovered shortly after thelr Introduction that they did_not have great holding power. This defect was overcome in 1852 by Ira Copeland of Whitman, Mass., Who conceived the idea of coat- ing them with vegetabls gum, the re- sult being to glve them even greater holding power than cut nails, history Q—How many_countries are mem- bers of the league of nations?—H. A1 A.—PFifty-two countries are mem- bers Q—In what town wers the first Seth Thomas clocks made?—I. A. A.—Seth Thomas clocks were manu- factured at Thomaston in Litchfleld county, Conn. The town was built up by Seth Thomas, who removed there in 1813 and established his business. Q. 1Is the Cape-to-Calro rall ished yet?—J. K. A. The Cape-to-Cairo railroad, built from Capetown, Africa, to connect with the Egpytian railways, is prac- tically completed. fin- Q. Are there any of the original manuscripts of the New Testament in existence?—A. F. A. Not one still exists Q. Why do so rgany Jews wish to go back to Palestine to die?—H. N. A. According to a passage of scrip- turc—Joel, iif.1z—the final judgment of the world will take place in the Valley of Jehosaphat. This valley lies between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives. Q. Should a boy be forced to read books he does not like—E. K. A. If the joy of reading is not to Budget System be lost forever to the boy, he must not be compelled to read. A juvenile reader needs to be led gently to ar under¢tanding of books in such way that they will mean to him what they meant to Emily Dickinsop, who wrote: “There is no frigate Vike « book to tuke us miles away, or any 6 a age o [3 est take without oppress o frugal {s the chariot U\‘dl‘b‘m‘ human soul.” Q. Is there anyt done to make it po quicksand?—1D. s A To make it possible to opera in_quicksands engineers are tomed to congeal the sands by fore ng into them brines and other liquids A low temperature; X nEg that can be ble to work in Q. Is “dollar bird" a slang name for the American eagle™—1 ¢ L. A. While the term may be 1 this sense in America, the doll is an Australian roller, pre blue and black in plumage. It called from the large roundish of white on its wings shown in £ Q. What were the huzza, A cavalry rais y Matthias Corvinus i to fight against the Turks. The a8 derived from a Magyar meaning twenty, the method selection being every twentieth man in the community. The term huzzar was adopted by a regiment of Britlsh cavalry in 1805, and has since then been zpplied to certain bodies of light cavalry in many countries Q.duas‘a complete collection of C orado minerals ever been made? T. E. M. A. Pueblo, Col, has such a collec tion. Q. What sweetening was ured be- fore sugar was known?—A. O. L, A. The ancients valued honey v highly and used it in many of the w: that sugar is now used. tre Q. What was the original spelling of the word succotash 5% 3 The Puritan writers described this dish as being like beanes” spelled its Indlan n Sukquttahhash. Both the principle the dish and its name are borrowed from the native Indians. Q. What Englieh authors were bora in London?—J. H Bacon, Blake. Broun, 1. Chaucer, Crashaw. Morgan, Donne, Gaskell, Gi Herrick, Hunt, Huxle; —C. Brownings Defoe, De bon, Gray, Q. How does the refraction of the earth’s atmosphere alter the apparent position of the sun’—J. L. L A. The Naval Observatory savs the refraction due to the earth’s atmos- phere causes the &un to appear eligntly higher in the sky than its true position The maximum elevation, which when the sun 1s at the horiz equal o the sun's apparent diame (The Star Information Bure answer your gquestion. This applies strictly to information Bureaw cannot_give advice on legal medical and financial matters. It does not attempt to settls domrstic oubles, nor to undertake exhaustive rescarch on any subject. Write yc question plainly and briefly. Inclosc two cents in stamps for return post age and send your query to The Star Information Bureau, Frederic . Haskin, Director, 1220 North Cepitol street.) as Salvation Of the American Taxpayers Despite the tangled situation which | by has resulted from the ciash of the tax reduction and bonus adherents, editors continue warm in their praise of the utterances of President Cool- idge in connection with the budget. Incidentally, once again it is mani- fest that editors consider the budget system a fixture and the probable salvation eventually of the country from pork-barrel methods. The Prosident “openly is for econ- omy,” the Springfield Republican (in- dependent), points out, but “most significant is his strng support of the budget principle in practice. It will not fail for lack of support at his hands. No sound system of govern ment finance can ever be gstablished unless the budget makes an impreg- nable position for ftself.” Inasmuch as “today the American taxpayver carries a load from three to four times as heavy as he did before the war,” the New York Post (inde- pendent) belleves “the issue between the President and the soldier bonus supporters is clearly drawn” by his budget declaration. “Mr. .Cooldge has met the financial problem in a way that has won him fresh prestige. Now It is for Congress to show how promptly it can do its part in light- ening the country's burdens.” This view has the warm indorsement of the Brooklyn Eagle (independent- democratic), which insists the mes- sage is a challenge to those who insist it {s possible at one and the same time to cut down taxes and embark on @& new scheme of extrava- gance and waste” It is_ ‘“unfortu- nate” in the belief of the Hartford Courant (republican), “that Congress is able to do 2 lot of things with the budget, and its members will do well not only to consider carefully the advice and suggestions of the President, but also to inform itself as to how the country at large feels. They will discover that the peopls are with him.” LEE R “The budget message,” the Albany News (independent republican), ar- gues, “is a plain business statement with a common sense business pro- gram to reduce the taxes by practical business economy. Congress knows it s its duty to approve the Mellon program and save the people of the United States more than $300,000.000. And the stockholders want their cor- poration, the United States, run on a sound economic policy, not on a pol- fey of political expediency.” ligation, however, the Times (democratic), feels, “rests upon the people of the country themselves, They may, by a thorough and sound understanding of what the President proposes, the methods he suggests and the amendments to the laws he recommends, force action in Congress thdt will afford them relief; or they may. by listening to the special pleas of he radicals, the half-baked opin- fons of demagogues and self-seckers and the actual enemies of our system of republican government, not alone sustain the present burdensome laws but make it possible for legislation to add to the heavy load they now are carrying.” To which the New Or- leans Times Picayune (democratic), adds, “Mr. Coolidge’s presentation is dispassionate. It should persuade many Americans to cool-headed and clear-headed consideration of the al. ternative courses he visualizes before them.” LR ¢ the present Congress breaks down the budget as the last Congress broke down the Harding budget,” then the Lincoln Journal, (independ- ent republican), feels “the budget system is very much of a farce. The country cannot permit it to be that, The budget system is the only means which the tendeney Teat and ever greater government expenditure and ever-increasing taxation can be curbed. The moral is plain Res ponsible America must get behind the budget now presented to COngress and insist upon it being handled in the epirit of the budget law tion “would permit the finish the mnext fiscal small surplus,” the Salt Lake une (republfcan) point. « with the reduction of 3300 taxes. . But the Philade American (progressive insists the question i, after all, * reduction or the bonus” and latter then there can be non ormer. 3 e Salt Lake Deseret pendent), agrees that “regardless President Coolidge’'s attitude on bonus question, to many members Congress it presents a perplexing situation,” and the News holds “many people see in the demand for ths bonus and other vast governmental expenditures an attack upon the bu- reau of the budget, which was estab- lished in 1921 and which has be atrongest check upon the expendi- tures of the government. The rem- edy for the burden of excessive tax ation, Jike the remedy for all oth governmental evils. rests with American people. If we want lower national and local taxes we can have them provided we are willing to pay the price of a more rigid econo: Agreeing that the President's fra statement indicates he will veto anv bonus bill, the Eyracuse Herald ( dependent) says “a middle ground both & bonus and a reduction of taxe has been suggested, but aside fr Mr. McAdoo's rather sketchy suge tions on the subject there has be little attempt to demonstrate the fe. ibility of the double project. In fac the marked tendency of the foremost. bonus advocates is to dodge technica! discussion of ways end means for financing their favorite measure.” * ¥ ¥ ¥ 1n his budget message, the Chicago Daily News (independent) points out, “Mr. Coolidge observes with irrefuta- ble logic that the Treasury surplus constitutes & convincing argument for rellef from excessive taxati The peopls ars entitled to ehare | the benefits of & policy of retrench- ment and economy. Congress is said to he committed to a bonus. IT a bonus bill is passed it should provids for the raising of the necessary funds by a sales tax, 8o that it will not disturb Secretary Mellon's admirable program.” The Cincinnati Commer-. cial Tribune (independent - repub- lican), however, insists ¥the point of the argument is that It is fairer and better to relleve all of the peoplc former soldiers included on u par. of an onerous burden than to give au small sum in complimentary eomp: - sation to a very small minori o the Reading Tribune (independenty sagely suggests “the election of 1414, however, will be the final referen Santa Claus a Reality Despite Old Scrooges ©Old Marley has been deader than & door nail a long time, and Old Scroogs as reborn, but there are other Scrooges in these later days. They are the ones who think Christmas is a nuisance and a bother and stick up their noses because children are s taught to belleve in Santa Clau There s a Santa Claus. He is In faces of the mothers and fathers in the streets these busy shopping days in the eyes or ea He's a spirit i{f you will, 's @ very tangible spirit and he cannot be scoffed at nor denled. As long as little children are. s0 long will Santa Claus be. Even Scrooge came to know there was o Santa Claus. What's the use of being cynical about Christmas? Tt doesn't make you any happier—it makes yvou unhappier. And if you don't believe there is a Santa Claus you do know 4 there ought to be one, so why don't you be one yourself.—Albany New=,