Evening Star Newspaper, February 10, 1923, Page 6

JE EVENING STAR,|orkines atterwara reveals few. 1t any, clues. i It is, however, always to be assumed that the detonation was due to some- Fbody's carelessness, fallure to observe | With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY. . .February 10, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES.. .Editol: The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th S TPennaylvania Ave. Now York Office Nassau 8t Chicago Office: Tower Buildin European Office: 16 Regent St., Londo, Engiand with the Sunday morning currlers within the eity dally ony, 45 cents per T ‘The Evening Sta edition, is delivered b, At 60 cents per mont! month: Sunday o cents per mouth. ders may be fent by or telephone Main 5000. ~Collection is made by carriers at the end of each month, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginfa. Dally and Sunday..1yr., $3.40; 1 mo., Daily onl; $6.00; 1 mo., 50¢ Sunday only .. $2.40; 1 mo., 20c Member of the Assoclated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled te the use for republication of all ne: patches credited ta it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub- lished herein. All rights of publication of 1 dispatches herein are also reserved. -— — Practical Injuries Threatened. The practical effect of the Cramton bill, destroying the 60-40 relation be- tween the national and the capital community contributions toward na- tional city upbuilding, is to place a maximum limit on the contribution of the United States and to remove the Itmit entirely from the contribution of the local taxpayers. Indeed, the announced purpose of the proposed legislation is to enable a taxing body in which the District is not represented to increase the local | burden of taxation at its pleasure un-| checked by the existing requirement that every such increase be reflected in some measure in national taxation for capital upbuilding. The maximum national contribution made definite during the time in which Congress refrains from dimin- ishing it: but all limits are declared off in respect to the local contribution, | and it remains definite only in the cer- tainty that the local tax burden will be largely increased; and that the lo- xpayers will not participate at me in the decision of the amount } of the increase, the methods of taxa- tion by which the increase is secured, and he purposes for which the tax money is spent. Under the £0-40 ratio of contribution every dollar of increased taxation of { the unrepresented District means some increase of national taxation for capital upbuilding. Under the pro- nosed legislation every dollar of in- creased taxation of the District means 2 corresponding reduction of the amount necessary~to be devoted from national taxes to capital upbuilding. | TUnder the 60-40 ragio plan there is an equitable self-imposed check upon ex- | cessive and unjust taxatior. by the na- tional legislature of the unrepresented | and impotent capital. With this self- | imposed check removed and with every tax dollar exacted from the District reducing the necessary tax | dollars to be spent upon capital up- building by the nation, the obvious and by some the avowed of the proposed legislation is to decrease the national dollars of capital contribution eventually to| rothing. ! The proposed legislation obtrudes{ ennually upon the attention of Con-| gress the suggestion of a lirge cash donation to the capital, as if the pri-| mary obligation of national city up- building were upon the local taxpay- ers, and the nation were only an in- cidental contributor, a voluntary and benevolent donor. Since the nation in | 1878 recognized and assumed its Na-| tional Capital power and obligation, its responsibility in respect to the capital has been primary. dominating, exclu- sive. As late as 1916 this relation of | nation to capital was fully recognized and clearly set forth in the report of | is the joint select committee of Congress, | witich made the most thorough. ex- | haustive and able study of the fiscal | relations of nation and capital that statesmen had given to the subject since 1874-8. As long as all the assets | and revenues of the national and local joint contributors toward capital up- building are in the hands of the na- | tional joint contributor, and as long | as all decisions concerning the| amounts to be paid by the joint con- | tributors, respectively. and concerning | the expenditure of the joint revenues are to be made by the rational con- tributor the latter must in equity, and will in fact, hear the primary re- sponsibility of capital upbuilding, and | the local taxpayers will be recognized in their true relation as merely inci- dental contributors of tax money, not fixed in amount by themselves, but! exacted at the pleasure of the other | Joint contributor. i Another practical effect of destroy- ing the 60-40 ratio will be to reduce to0 & minimum any chance of equitable proportionate contribution by the United States when our accumulated tax surplus comes to be expended. This tax money was collected by ad- thority of the half-and-half law solely to apply upon the District's half of ! District dppropriations. Whenever it | is expended it would be equitable to | spend it under the halfand-half law, | the United States duplicating it. If| when the surplus comes to be used the propottionate contributions are on the 60-40 ratio, the mation through Congress will either apply, as equity seems to demand, the 50-50 ratio, or will make the existing 60-40 ratio retro- | active and add to the District’s surplus | dnly 40 per cent from the national ! Treasury. But if both the 50-50 and the 60-40 ratios are destroyed, and ‘when the surplus comes to be expend- ed there is no definite proportionate; contribution by nation and taxpaying ' capital, then the chances are a hun-| dred to one that the nation will not participate at all under any percentage { of obligation to enlarge the surplus fund for the upbuilding of the capital. {so favorable for speedy action, of fup largely of rural-minded politicians rules. If & mine is “damp,” which is to say gaseous, it is supposedly safe- guarded by regulations against the use of fire underground, the lighting of matches by smokers, the exposure of lamp flames. In regions where the mine workers are of different natfon- alities these rules are supposed to be printed in all the languages employed by the ‘members of the force. But even when the rules are plainly known to all infractione occur. In both the New Mexico and the British ‘Columbia disasters, which have just taken such a heavy toll of life, without doubt some breach of regulations was the cause. Both mines were highly gaseous, and required the strictest observance of the ordinary precautions against fire. The occur- rence of these two explosions so close together can be.regarded as no more than a coincidence, terrible in its re- sults, but-indicative of nothing more than that the habit of rule-breaking prevails in widely separated regions. Coal mines, such as those just visit- -ed by tragedy, are especially subject to explosion. Yet these disasters have occurred in other mines, where min- erals produce gas that may be ignited or where dust prevails. The latter element is rare underground, owing to the prevalence of moisture. In every well managed mine tests of the air are frequently made, and the sud- den development of “‘damp” is as far a¥ possible checked against by such observations. In rare instances pockets of such gas are opened and men are overwhelmed before the ventilating | systems can overcome the poison. In | each of these Tecent cases, however, the disastrous factor hap been an ex- plosion, and that means a spark or a flame, either of which, in turn, means carelessness. A Victory for Reasonableness. The overwhelming vote by which the House yesterday approved the terms of the British debt settlement is a victory for reasonfbleness and fair dealing. and is especially gratifying in that this gigantic business transac- tion was spared the ignominy of being made a partisan issue. Of the 106 democrats present and voting, sixty- three voted in favor of the settlement. Having been approved by the House by so impressive a majority, it is & fair expectation that when the meas- ure comes before the Senate it will not meet either serious or prolonged op- position. The House vote undoubtedly reflects the sentiment of the country, and senators are no more anxious to run counter to public sentiment than are their colleagues in the other Body. The situation in the Senate is not course, as it was in the Tlouse. The | last of the big supply bills has been | gotten out of the way, but the ship-| ping bill is before the Senate, and | Senator Jones, in charge of the meas- | ure, announces that he will keep it | there until there is a vote or adjourn- ment. But, as stated by the President | and afiirmed by senators, there is| ample time for adequate consideration 1 of the shipping bill, the debt-funding bill and other important measures which are pressing for attention. Tt ] s true that under the Senate rules months and of reducing his organiza- tion to a decidedly lower status. ‘Whatever the mistakes that may have been made et Lausanne by rep- resentatives of the allled powers, the fact stands forth that they were seek- ing to establish peace in the near east by adjusting to the conditions caused by the ill-conceived, wrongly conduct- ed military enterprise of Greece in Asia Minor. It has been impossible to forget or ignore the abominations per- petrated by the Turks following the collapse of the Greek campaign. Un- wise efforts to re-establish commercial rights in_Asia may have played into the hands of the Turks at Lausanne, but it is never to be forgotten that the Angora government is a Moslem power, with a black record of cruelties end untrustworthiness. Doubtless the refusal of Russia to take & hand in the game has influ- enced the Turks in their apparent de- termination not to press the situation to the point of war. It is not to be believed that dreéad of the moral re- sponsibility for conflict has deterred Kemal and his assoclates. If they thought there was a chance for them to win they would probably proceed, seizing the first opportunity to inflict a serfous blow upon the allies. Recon- sideration of the ultimatum issued the other day may be interpreted as a realization that a military move would be disastrous to the newly established Turkish government, which has every- thing to gain from pacific measures and everything to lose from war. New-Fashioned Winter. The Washington climate, sometimes irreverently spoken of as the Wash- ington climates, has been doing itself proud, with a few irregularitios. Everybody is praising it. Even those irreconcilables from the north where “no matter how cold it gets you don't feel it because the air is so dry” have been heard to express commendation of our climate. Visitors from Cali- fornia, where next to native sons and daughters climate seems to be the most important output, admit that after all one may live in Washington in winter without being run down by a snowplow or frozen to death beside one’s own radiator. Persons from the gulf states and from those south At- lantic states where oranges are as many as persimmons, and palms as common as ragweed, say that Wash- | ington in winter is endurable if you do but keep the overcoat buttoned and the collar turned up. If we could be assured that this sort 1 of new-fashioned winter might be de- pended on year after year Washington would become famous as a winter re- sort, and the papers would be full of pictures showing beautiful bathers splashing in the January Potomac. Not far above the Mason and Dixon line states and cities have been hav- ing old-fashioned winter. Here we have had but liftle cold and one fall of dry snow which a kindly sun soon melted. But let us not shake hands with ourselves too enthusiastically. February is still with us and March is coming. ‘ ——— German labor has formed a soviet. Jupt what constitutes a soviet is not clearly discernible, The term has cov- ered everything from nihilism to autocracy. The announcement, how- ever, has significance in indicating a " Washington Observations. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Two shining lights of the Senate ir- reconcilable group will burst upon Europe at almost.the same moment next.month—Hiram W. Johnson of California and George H. Moses of New Hampshire. Mo salls on March 7 and Johnson embarks three days later. They have an engag ment to meet in England, whi¢h is understood to be Johnson's principal destination. Ae a tenderfoot in Eu- rope, the Californian is expectin more or less, to have his New Hamp- shire colle; out 'a tour for him. Moses coyly confesses that the immediate purpose of his trip to the old world is to accept invitation from a uclnf friend to witnesd the Liverpool turf classic, the Grand N: tional, but after that he will make an extended journey across the nent, going as far afieid h! old diplomatic stamping ground st Athens, and thence to Constantinople, * % % % Hiram Johnson has never been out of the United States. His political friends warmly approve of his Inten- tion to see a bit of the world, and are convinced it will do him good. During Senate debates on interna- tional affairs colleagues who have first-hand knowledge of forelgn con- ditions say Johnson often has plored his own ignorance of them, and confessed that it was a handicap. It is not known whether the Califor- nian has accepted speaking invita- tions in Europe or not. There Is bound to be no lack of them, once the news of his descent becomes known. * K k% When the British light cruiser Cu- racao steamed {on Thursday to warn the Turks of the peril of overt acts against allfed warships, it carried a prized bit of Americana placed in the cruiser's wardroom four years ago. The occ sion was a historic one. The pres- ent writer was a participant. H. M. 8. Curacao, flagship of Admiral Sir Regi- nald Tyrwhitt, had been distinction of recelving the surrender of the German submarine fleet. This scribe was aboard the cruiser in a correspondent's capacity. To his hor- ror he discovered that British naval officers “mixed” cocktails with the aid of a tiny paint-brush, which did duty for stirring purposes. On his return the Curacao with an honest-to-good- ness American silver cocktail shaker, suitably inscribed. A grateful round irobin, signed by the officers of the crulser, avowed that; like the flag it- | self, it ' would go down with the ship |and’do valiant duty In the inter i * % % % Herbert Hoover's “American In- | dividualism™ sets forth that all but two of the men who foregather twice 2 week at the cabinet table—the President, the Vice President and the ten heads of executive departments— were poor boys who had to earn their (Copyright, 1923. Retired Pay of Army Officers Is a Right, Not a Favor. The madority of the cditors who dis- cussed the action of the House in |eliminating retired pay for Gen. J. G. iHarbord from the Army bill, the vig- orous defense of the general by Sec- retary of War Weeks and the action of the Semate in restoring the item to the measure agreed that the Senate was right. They took the position that, after all, it was a principle, and any or all these measures can be | close approximation in present modes not an individual, that was affected; killed by a filibuster, but the country | of German and Russian thinking, how- {and, further, that the thirty years in is not in the mood to be patient with | ever great may be Russia’s present|which Harbord had advanced from any such negative proceedings. It is|reluctance abolt accepting the rela- {buck private to general entitled him a time when positive and constructive | action is required, and whether these | bills ate to be passed or not, the de- tionship on reciprocal terms. The position of America as a world {to retirement with all the pay and lallowances due his final rank. Offi- {cers have a contract with the govern- {ment, many editors argued, and when mand is widespread that they be p"“credimr is 2 delicate one, rendering ! they have kept their part there should mitted to come to a vote. the British exchequer must feel a lit- | tie foolish today. It is impossible not | 0 recall the interview he gave out| won returning to England. and in | which he complained that a fair set- tlement of the debt question was diffi- cult because the final say was with Congress, and that Congress was made who had little knowledge of interna- tional questions. When it came to the test the American House of Repre- sentatives gave an exhibition of ! broad-minded statesmanship not often equaled by the British house of com- mons ——————————— Senator Hiram Johnson is going to Furope. If Kuropean enterprise is| alert there will be a chance to listen to some good spfeches in return for the numerous admirable lectures heard in this country from representatives of the old worid. i 1 Russia ships grain to Germany in | the face of the announcement that many Russians are starving. A con- encourage economic consistencies. Raleigh introduced tobacco in Eng- land, but it'needed Ambassador Har- vey to arouse America to an appre-! ciation of 5 o'clock tea. | Nobody resents the income tax suf- ficiently to wish that the sum on which he has to pay lad been %ess. Turkey Reconsiders. Turkey's grant of additional time to the allied warships at Smyrna, pend- ing reference to Angora, may merely postpone the collision, or it may por- tend a definite withdrawal from the bellicose attitude of the Turks. If the Moslem leaders thought to frighten off the allies, or to cause a split on that side, they have complétely failed in their plan. Their threats to fire upon the allled warships at Smyrna have had “precisely /the opposite effect. France and England ere drawing even closer together, while Italy now comes forward with announcement of com- plete accord with them. Kemal Pasha is not stupid, and only a stupid leader would precipitate a conflict now in the circumstances of allied solidarity. At Lausanne the Turks were offered a maximum of concessions. The conference failed at Underground Horrors. Search for causes in the case of a mine disaster is baffled as a rule by the fact that those who know the origin are killed by the explosion. Sel- dom are survivors rescued who can throw any light upon the originating factor. The mine itself is_usually so badly wrecked that “search in the the point of the excessive demands of the Angora government, demands which could not be granted short of conceding to-the Turks the position of a victorious, fully rehabilitated nation of the first class. Kemal doubtless realizes that there is risk now in prd.' ceeding to war, risk of losing all that has been gained during the past few {1y invented in the d e it difficult to extend generous favor in Incidentally, Chancellor Baldwin of | uny one instance without incurring iside of the obligation. suspicion of unfair discrimination. ——— Thanks to the tem of decimal | fractions it is always possible for the | LrOT (e, 2R EERNET German mark to assert itself as being worth something. —_——————————— Americans who bought titles in mid- dle Europe are possibly wondering whether the gold-brick game was real- A. ——— Threats of arrest for failure to re- move snow should appiy to dangerous accumulations on roofs as well as to those in the streets. Strikers on the Ruhr may be found { willing to work industriously in muni- tions plants elsewhere. ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Joy of Living. A man will play till 2 a.m To see how cards will run And think he’s having fun. He'll get into a ducking blind At daybreak with a gun, And shiver in the biting wind— And think he's having fun. Around the golf links he will stray Remembering tasks undone, ‘With feelings of remorse all days- And think he’s having fun. Headaches and heartaches now and | - then ‘We seek, each mother’s son, And seem most miserable when ‘We think we're having fun. Speeches. “Why don't you make a speech about the high cost of living?” “What's the use?” rejoined Senator Sorghum. “The head waiter can't help it and the landlord is perfectly willing for me to move.” Jud Tunkins says he's getting better every day, but he can't say as much for the nights. Musings of a Motor Cop, Hortense Magee was told that she To pay a fine must roam. She said, “That station house to me Is getting 'most like home!" Domesticity. “‘There’s no place like home.” «"A8 a general rule,” replied Uncle Bill Bottletop. “But I want to say that home brew was e failure.” “It's queer,” said Uncle Eben, “how a day's work tires you out an’ how de samé amount of energy spent in a bowlin' alley res'es you up.” 'be no choice, so far as the govern- ment was concerned. in keeping its | The fact that the attack “placed Gen. Harbord as merely & paid lobby- {ist, selling his influence for a private |salary, while drawing retirement pay {frdm the government,” Is commented Journal, which |then carefully explains “the persoual !Clement that enters into the matter does not alter the fact that the pri ciple involved is unjust and mischie ous. It is of no consequence that Gen. Harbord, or any other officer retired {to private life, had an unusually hon- lorable record. Retirement pay is not a reward for past services; It is mot 1 pension predicated upon inability to earn a living. It is a law that has ‘been In force for decades, and never riously challenged until now, pro- ding that officers shall retire v:ith | 75 per cent of the pay of their rank {There is no prohibition against en- (gaging in business. The fact that ithey may engage In an enterprise iwhich may deal with the government |does not for a moment vitiate such lemployment or justify the withdra iof retirement pay.” This is likew {the opinion of the Oklahoma City Ok- {lahoman, which asserts that “it is ‘hard to concelve of a more reprehen- isible pi of -business. It is not only ‘unfair to the general. but it would !not be far wrong to say that this ac- {tion constitutes out-and-out robbery Such_action is not only unworthy of {our Army and our country, it Is even junworthy of Congress. The action of {the House, overruled by the Senate and denounced by Secretary Weeks. | aition of political chaos is not one to| And say things most unkind of them— | “not only took away from Gen. Har- Ibord,” the St. Joseph News-Press in- Isists, “an undisputed right, but in {doink so placed upon him a stigma {which was wholly unmerited. Gen. Harbord would not miss his retired ipay and neither would the Treasufy. The act of the House was noteworthy only as an intentional insult to one of the most distinguished officers who saw service in the American Army during the war. It ('- the opinion of -the Peoria Yo the Editor of The Star: Colored women all over the United States stand aghast at the idea of |erecting a black mammy monument {in the capital of the United States. {The condition of the slave woman was o pitiably, hopelessly helpless that it is difficult to see how any women, whether white or black, could take any. pleasure in a marble statue to perpetuate her memory. The black mammy, had no home lite. 1In the very nature of the case she could have none. Legal mar- riage was impossible for her. If she went through a farce ceremony With a slave man, he could be sold away from her at any time, or she might be sold from him, or she might be {taken as a concubine by her master, ihis son, the overseer or any other l:hlte man on the piace who might esire her. : o No colored woman could look upon a statue of & black mammy With a dry eye when she remembered how often the slave woman's heart was torn with anguish, because the chil- dren, either of her master or their slave -father, were ruthl from her in infancy or I be sold “down the country, human probability, ne: see them again. The black mammy was often faith- ful in the service Qf her mistress’ children, while her heart bled over her own little babies, who were thus deprived of thelr mother's ministra- where, in she would into Smyrna harbor | igned the | to London he presented his hosts of | livings while still in their ‘teens. The exceptions, it is understood, are Andrew W. Mellon, Secretary of the Treasury, and Edwin Denby, Secre- tary of ‘the Navy. Mr. Mellon, of course, was born with a large-sized silver Agbun in his mouth. While Mr, Denby’'s father, once our minis- ter to China, was not a man of great means, he was able to provide his lass education from . Mr. . Harding, Coolldge and most members of the cabinet grew up on modest farms. Hoover's father was a village black smith in Iowa. * ok ® ‘Washington and other American towns and cities that among them rolled up the staggering total of 12,000 automobile fatalities in 1922 might with profit make the acquaint- ance of Col. G. T. Denison of Toronto, Ontarfo. Although a veteran soldier now in his eighty-fourth year. Col. Dentson for many years has functioned actively as chief police magistrate of his native city. His pride and boast is that he is death on death-dealing automobile drivers. Whether a cul- prit Is haled before his court for mere speeding or for maiming of pedestrians, Denigson’s unfailing habit is to inflict @ jail sentence. He errs on the side of severity. He claims to have reduced motor-murder in Toron- to to & minimum. Denison is a cele- brated cavalryman, which may ex- plain his antipathy to automobilists. As long ago as 1877 he won the Rus- slan Emperor Alexander II's inter- national prize for the best essay on the history of cavalry. H * % ok ¥ | There is one aiplomatic representa- tive accredited to the United States who outstrips even Ambassador Jus- serand’s twenty years of continuous |service in Washington. That is the Viscount d'Alte, minister of Portugal, who hus been stationed in this coun- try since May 1, 1902, a little less than a year longer than his French colleague. The provisions of the diplomatic code permit only an am- bassador to be dean of @ corps, other- wise Viscount d'Alte’s longer serv- ice would entitle him to that rank in Washington. The Portuguese envoy |is a diplomatist of the old school and, though an aristocrat, survived the establishment of a republic at Lis- bon. His graceful speech at the opening of the Washington armament conference, though the shortest of all, was voted by many the oratorical gem of that occasion. PR } 1f Senator Calder realizes a re- | ported aspiration to enter the House after leaving the Senate, he will be emulating the example of Theodore | E. Burton of Ohio, and also of the {late Wiliam E. Mason of Illinois. {There have been some, but not many, | earlier examples of men who have inot scorned service in the lower jbranch of Congress after adorning the Senate for a term or tw i 1 | : EDITORIAL DIGEST Tranecript that “there is a revolting lack of consistency in the wholesale dismissal of Army officers because the | government is reluctant to pay their !salaries and the baiting of a distin- |guished general because he chooses |to retire and accept commercial em- ployment. Sentimentally, this looks |like ~ingratitude toward men who have dedicated their lives to the serv- |ices of the government and it pre- sents evidence of a curious forgetful- Iness on the part of Congress of the |herolc service rendered by Gen. Har- {bord in Chateau-Thierry and at Sofs- sons. Gen. Harbord is entitfed to retirement. His record gives him a sentimental claim to retired pay. The future of the Army demands that officers shall not be forbidden to work in private capacity after they have reached the age where they are enti- tled to surcease from the rigors of military life.” It also is the opinion of the Columbus Dispatch that “the Senate, by eliminating this clause from the Army bill, removed the im- plied reflection from Gen. Harbord, whose remarkable efficiency in organ- izing the supply department of our Army in France saved American lives as well as American money.” indorsing all that the War Secretary said. the Appleton Post-Crescent in- sists that “Weeks is right. The spe- clous reason given is tantamount to churging that the officers of the War Department are dishonest: that the |government is dishonest und incapa- bie of protecting itself: that the fed- eral business is conducted by a graft system. It Is, as he alleges, an insult which is not even basedson’ suspicion. Cen. Harbord ls entitled to his re- tired pay by custom. He committed no_wrong by accepting a position.” “By its action premium on idleness Post points out. ad Gen. Harbord do nothing after hiis retire- vould have given him . The theory of Congress ed Army and Navy oflicers hould live around Washington and spend their time iounging in the Washington hotels or the Army and Navy Club. Gen. Harbord preferred to make a contribution to American industry and Congress punishes him for his willingness to work.” The Des Molnes Register, however, suggests that it Is hard to see why Harbord should be favored when the boys who actu fought the war are having, most of ihem. a hard time to get a living job,” and it later points out that ‘neither Gen Harbord nor any other general or admiral can serve two masters faith- fully at the same time when their interests are not identical. Nobody doubts that ninety-nine out of any hundred officers would try, if draw- ing money from a corporation lor negotiatiug Lusiness with the gov- ernment, to put the government's in- terests 'first. But nobody doubts, either, that it would be a much smaller provortion that succeeded in doing it. The whole scheme or situ- ation, or whatever it be called, is wrong fundamentally and totally. the Louisville 5 hat retir = aftected The Black Mammy Monument. tions dnd tender care which the white children received. ~One cannot help but marvel at the desire to perpetuate in_bronze or marble a figure which represents so much that really is and should be abhorrent to the woman- hood of the whole civilized world. We have all heard touching' stories of the affectionate relationship exist- ing between some black mammies and thelr little white charges whom they nursed with such tender care. The lot of some slave women was no doubt better than that of others. They Were all slaves, nevertheless, and the anguish suffered by one black mammy |whose children were snatched from her embrace and sold away from her forever outwelghed in the balance all the kindness bestowed upon all the slave women ‘fortunate enough to recelve it for 250 years, Surely In their zeal to pay tribute to the faithful services rendered by he-black mammy the descendants of aveholding ancestors have forgotten the atrocities and cruelties incident to the institution of slayery itself. If the black mammy statue is ever erected—which, dear Lord, forbid— there are thousands of colored men and women who will fervently pray that on gome stormy night the light- ning will strike it and the heavenly elements will send it crashing to the und, so that the descendants of lack mammies will not forever be reminded of the anguish of heart and the physical suffering ~which the mothers and grandmothers of the race endured for nearly 300 years. MARY-CHURCH TERRELL, Honorary President of the National Assoclation of Colored Women, Fully { the House placed a| Why equivocate because a Harbord is | The Library Table By The Beoklover One of my friends has near-relatives CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Why 18 a congresswoman? They with most elaborate carvings.of stone; living in Bouth Africs, whom she has |y oy nov neither do they spin. They |again the nave or a wing may be fin never been able to visit because of the expense of the journey. She kas read many books of African deserip- tion and travel, including, of course, Roosevelt's books. She also looks cagerly for novels whose scene 18 lald in Africa and greatly enjoyed Cynthia Stockley’s novel, “The Claw,” .. |and her volume of short stories, “Blue Aloes.” Reoently I have recommend- ed to her two novels, among the best of the past two or three years, which have African settings. 'hey are Sir Harry Johnston's the Right Thing” and Robert,Keable's “The ther of All Living.” L A large part of “The Man Who Did the Right Thing” is concerned with the life in a missionary station &t Hangod! and later in Happy valley, & private concession in the Lake Man- yara region, both in German East Africa. One of the most vivid parts of the story is the journey of & deli- cate English girl, the bride of a mis- sionary, from Unguja, on the ocoast, to Hangodl, In the interior. Entirely unprepared for what she is to en- counter, she undergoes terrible physi. cal and nervous sufferings from mos qQuitoes, fleas and other vermin; an at- tack of malarial fever; the sight of twenty or thirty whitening skeletons in a deserted ciearing; poisonous #nakes everywhere; an experience with voracious “saifu’” ants, and, finally, an encounter with a giant cobra and a night attack on the camp by & lion, which kills & sentry and nearly breaks into the tent where the trem- bling bride is wishing herself back in England. * ok ko In “The Mother of All Living” a South African journey is described, equally thrilling, but more romantic and less harrowing. A party of six Europeans, with native servants, goes on a, two-week ‘trek” from Spring- fontein into Basutoland. The wild scenery of the Bushman's pass forms the setting for a double love story of unusual Intensity. * ok ok ok That M. Coue and his autosuggestion plan are not simply a passing fad, but answer & real need, is shown by the demand at the publio libraries for books in this fleld. For several months M. Coue's “Self-Mastery Through Autosuggestion” has been on the Bookman's monthly score of books most popular in the publio libraries of the country. But still more signifi- cant are the facts that “Outwitting Our Nerves' by Jackson and Salia- bury, has been on the Bookman's list {every month since last July, and that Basil King's “Conquest of Fear’ has likewise been similarly popular for a somewhat shorter period. Evidently our keyed-up modern civilization re- quires seeking one in such books as those mentioned. * ¥ % X Sometimes the question of sanity or insanity is largely one of point of view. To one man the reformer n politics or the iconoclast in Iftera- ture seems suffering from at least mild mania; to another man he seems a scer far in advance of his age. So in “Old Crow,” Alice Brown's recent novel, .the hermit Old Crow, living in his hut on a New England mountain- side and caring for the sick poor over in the valley, seems to his relatives and neighbors to be “dott: Simi- larly, his great-nephew, John Raven, two generations later, is classified by his practical sister and nephew as a vietim of shell shock and is kept un- der their kindly but close surveillince when he retreats from Boston to his home in the country and later makes frequent visits to Old Crow’'s hut, where he in a measure follows his example of ministration to the un- {fortunate. To the idealist—and Alice \Brown herself is one—both Old Crow {and John Raven seem merely to be lattempting to live the life of Jesus {Christ. As Old Crow says: “The man or the woman that makes nim shed his blood In pity—that is the man or woman that will open his eyes lto what we call eternal life.” * ok ok % With the death of Mrs. Alice Mey- nell at the age of seventy-two has passed away one of England’s most dis- | tinguished essayists of the late nine- teenth and early twentieth century, and !a poet of considerable merit. At the | time of the death of Alfred Austin, Mrs. Maynell was widely mentioned as his possible successor as poet laureate. { Both her poetry and her essays are of { the intellectual, perhaps slightly dog- {matic, type. which suggests Matthew Arnold, and for this reason her yppeal has always been to a somewhd re- istricted audience. Many, however, who do not care for her other work know { her as the most sympathetic of Ruskin's biographers. * % ¥ % The publication of books ohn Abra- Last Days.” by John W, Starr, jr. It is claimed that the author, in prepa- ration for the writing of the book, Interviewed as many living persons as possible who were known to have seen Lincoln on that day or to have knewn him intimately. One inter- esting comment on Lincoln brought out during the making of the book is from Gen. James Harrlson Wilson, who says that one of the great secrets of Lincoln's strength was that he re- fused to make any important decision unless physically and mentally at his best. though he sometimes deferred mat- ordinates thought he should have act- ed on them, he safeguarded his action and accomplished more in the end. * ok ok ok tive, delving Into genealogy and mak- ins family trees is a popular paatime. IThe pursuit is always more keen If the tree represents one's own family; ithen the creditable or discreditable lancestors discovered reflect personal glory or personal chagrin on the dis- coverer. At any rate, the families explored by genealogists are usually real families. Few writers of fiction have bothered to work out the trees of the families of their own creation. That is what John Galsworthy has done, however, for his Forsythe family in “The Forsyte Saga. This vol- ume includes all Galsworthy’'s novels (“The Man of Property,” “In Chan- cery” and “To Let”) and short stories (“Indian Summer of a Forsyte” and “Awakening”) which deal with the Forsytes. At the back of the volume is the family tree of the Forsytes. whose root is the original Jolyon Forsyte, a farmer of Hays Dencombe, |Dorset. ' The smallest branches are {¥oung Jon and Fleur Forsyte, cousins, {Whose love tragedy forms the theme iof “To Let.” * ok ok ok ‘Whether or not a post-war spiritual revival is spreading over the world, at any rate there seems to be an awaken- ing interest in the study of the Bible and the Christian religion from literary and historical standpoints, as well as from the purely spiritual standpoint. Five recent books deal with Bible liter- ary study: “Human Nature in the Bible,” by Willlam Lyon Phelps; “The Bible in English Literature,” r W. Work ; “Types of Preachers in the New Testament,” by A. T. Robertson; “The Children’s Bible,” edited by \Henry .A. Sherman _and Charles F. Kent, and “How to Know the Bible,” by Robert A. Armstron, an antidote and people are| kam Lincoln goes on unremittingly. | One of the latest is entitled “Lincoln’s | As the result of this practice, « ters beyord the time when his sub- | Whether or not’ with ulterior mo- | won't stay put any better than the Irishman's fles. Of course, there is always an excep-. tion which proves the rule. Our present House has three Graces, but only one works gracefully—the other two fail to take themselves seriously, for both are “amongst the missing.” Hon. Mrs. Huck of Illinols, elected to serve out the rest of the term of her late father, is busy in Iliinols campaigning to win the opportunity death of Representative Mann. The election will take place next April. That month {s as uncertain as a woman’'s will. Hon. Mrs, Nolan of California, who was elected to serve out the term of her late husband, is also among the missing. She has not appeared to take the oath of office nor notified anybody as to her whereabouts. It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of & living Congress. She may be in some hidden cavern in the Rockies. Perhaps if a radio call were broad- casted somebody might identify her somewhere. The awful suggestion corhes that possibly neither of the new congress- 'women will appear until spring mill nery s ripe. And.as Congress ad- journs March 4 for a period 6f nine months the complications become worse than ‘“entangling alliances” with foreign powers. Maybe we shall never see them in the House—never. * ok ok Only the Hon. Aunt Alice Robertson remafns at her post, whence all women but she have fled. She tells us that she does not think much of woman officeholders. They can't do much better than men. So what's the use? She purposes to retire to her Oklahoma farm next month and let the country go to the bow-wows. In the meanwhile she will not shirk her parliamentary duties. * * % X Senator-elect Copeland of New York says that the present immigration law, which takes the cenmsus of 1910 of each nationality them in America as a basis, and admits annually 3 per cent of that number, respectively, of each nationality, is “silly.” The cry- ing shame of the law is that it per- mits false hopes to rise in the breasts of the would-be immigrants, who sell all their posscssions in their home lands, spend much money tq travel thousands of miles, only to be turned back from landing because the quota from their particular country has be- | come exhausted since they started. Or, perhaps part of the family will be turned back and the rest admitted This {s inhuman, and is quite unnec- essary oruelty in the protection of our shores from undesirable immigra- tion. All such examinations should be made before embarkation—before the immigrants sacrifice their small hold- ings in their home environment. and they should know definitely, while at | thelr homes, whether. upon arrival in America, they will be admitted. No regulations should be permitted to separate families. This is a subject on which Dr. Cope- land, who for some vears has been public health officer of New York, is especially qualified, and his coming into the Senate is opportune for scientific handling of the problem. The essential test should be the fit- ness of the fmmigrants to become useful American citizens, and then the proper distribution of them to localitles and occupations where they | are needed. At present 87 per cent of the immigrants land in New York, whereas they should be routed, while {n Europe, so that they would land at varfous ports, widely distributed, and sent directly to parts where they can engage In familiar occupations. * % * X The idea has been fostered by cer- tain labor interests that all immigr: tion is objectionable—a necessary evil at best, and to be restricted as dras- tically as possible. Instead of that. the right kind of immigrants should be encouraged to come. Right new New Zealand announces that she will spend $30,000,000 in a campaign to| ibring 3,000,000 immigrants to man 3,000,000 farm: What a fortune that Will mean to New Zealand if she gets thifty, industrious, intelligent and Realthy farmers! It would be of un- told value also to America to get a similar immigration, regardless of quotas as to nationalities. That is why Senator Copeland and many others denounce the present quota law as “silly.” It fails to sift the de- sirable from the undesirable. * % ok % In old days. the building of & cathe- dral was the pious work of centuries. The passing of generations was marked in the construction as clearly as geo- logic strata define the footprints of the | ished plainly, though after the general design of the original architc:t. Or per- haps brick might be substituced where marble had been planned. Some dreams of great architecture mnever have reached completion when ,the granite begins to crumble. * k% x In contrast with the history of the great cathedrals of the old world, the Protestant Episcopal Church of Amer- ica is determined to push to prompt completion a great national cathedral in Washington, at-a cost of $10,000,000, e Man Who Dia [to succeed to the vacancy left by the | which will rival in grandeur the bes: works of Europe. It will be larger than ‘Westminster Abbey. * ok kK ‘Washington is acquiring more art than any other metropolis in America, and 1s already recognized as‘the art Genter of the continent. The early com- pletion of this cathedral, upon a height overlooking the city, the bullding of ths $30,000,000 permanent exposition of the Arts and TIndustries Association, the opening, this spring, of the Freer col- lection of Oriental art, the finest in the world, together with’'a world of art- wealth in private galleries, makes the capital unique from an art standpoint. * ok k¥ A New York artist, Jonce J. McGurk, who has recently visited Richmond, Va., acclaims Houden’s statue of George ‘Washington, standing before the Vir- ginla capltol, the finest plece of sculp- ture in the world. Te appraises its commercial value at $5,000,000. It might have been easier to accept the estimate of the statue if the critio had not put a price mark upon it, but, remembering that J. Pierpont Morgan offered $1,000,000 for it, it may be safe to let the price stand, as in keeping with the increased cost of living. Still, without discussing the possibls dollar basis of art appreciation, thers are some broken odds and ends of statuary in Europe which might be traded for, at marked-down prices—on a commodity basis, rather than the rate of monetary exchange. For example, France has a piece of a woman, the Venus de Milo. What ‘“boot’” would France give if we traded her the ‘““un- busted” Washington and took Venus on account? There is also, in Italy, Michaelangelo’s Moses. ow Moses wears horns, but Texans have perfected a machine to dehorn long-horned cattle There is that old wiggling bunch of snakes, called the Laocoon. In Wash- ington's day, statesmen talked of adopt- ing a snake. instead of an eagle, as the symbol of 100 per cent Americanism. If we traded for the Laocoon the chances are good that we might sell it at a profit to the hooded 100 per cent Amer- icans, as a symbol or something, If after further consideration we wanted to stick to the bald-headed bird. X x s ‘The president general of the Daugh- ters of the American Revolution, Mrs. Minor, is right in her protest against the flagrant abuse of Old Glory in using it merely for decorative purposes. She appeals: “Will every Daughter of the American Revolution use her influence to promote the use of the flag only as a flag, on its staff, and to use it sparingly. thus emphasizing its meaning when dis- played?” The flag should never be used merely as a table cover, or chair cushion. No other natlon loves nor desecrates its flag as Americans laud and abuse Old Glory. No society can do more to up- hold its dignity than the patriotic thousands known as the D. A. R. s What would happen to us if the greatest of all productiye industries should close down through & nation- wide strike of its producers? ‘It is awful to contemplate. How many readers can guess what industry is referred to as the great- est? All the gold mines of America produce $30,067,300 of new wealth annually, but it costs in labor nearly as much to bring that wealth to the market. All the anthracite mines produce $452,304,000 a year, but that is less than half the wealth produced by the humble hen. That is the bird that lays the golden eggs—worth annually $1,047,323,170. That is all that can really be measured, but that is not ali, for it does not include the amateur hens roaming about the back yards of “village dwellers and picking delicious bugs, at will. off of the weeds and scratching up the gar dens for earthworms. The guess is that these amateurs could double the total output, and they @re more profitable per capita than many of those in professional flocks, for they get so much of their board free out of wild, uncounted insects and weed seeds. ' Incidentally they help other birds keep down noxious insects and ages. A century of prosperity may have built a part of a great structure, | | Now Occupies | | From goat herd to Congress in less than a score of years makes one rea- lize that the fairy stories of our youth are being enacted every day. Inc dentally Repre- sentative Charles | Bonnell Ward of Debruce, N. Y, born in Newark, | N. J., who started | raising some 7,006, 4 goats on the pub- lic domain soon after he had grad- uated with the de- grge of B. S. from the Pennsylvania Military College, took a prominent part in ushering Senator Holm O. Bursum of New Mexico into public life. As a matter of fact, “Charlie” Ward states with authority that when Bursum was elected sheriff in the town of Mogollon the ballots were passed in between the bars on the jail window and they were counted over the bar in John Coftee’s saloon across the street, be- cause Ward helped to count-Bursum into office. Some twenty years ago Ward went to New Mexico to go into the cattle business. When he got there he started raising goats in Socorro county, where Senator Bursum is now a prominent stock raiser. Ward went with his flock of goats onto the public domain and made his own water holes, establishing three camps in the Mo- gollon mountains on the ‘state line between New Mexico and Arizona. He had as many as 7,000 goats and kept at that business for three years. It was during that period that he rode into the town -of Mogollon to vote in the election in which Bursum was running for sheriff. He arrived ‘there about 9:30 a.m. and found the polls were not open vet. The bookkeeper In the cross-roads store commandeered Ward to act as clerk® of the elections, explaining that they could not'open the polls unless he did, because it was necessary for them to get a fellow ! OHARLES B, WARD. | so protect agriculture and horticul- ture. \Started Life as a Goat Herder; Seat in Congress who could read and write. Ward re- members that he didn’t like being locked up in the jail all day taking the ballots in between the bars on the window. “As soon as the polls were closed we the ballots across the carried | street to 41a John Coffee’s saloon and counted them®over the bar,” recalls Ward, explaining that “Bursum got practically every vote.” Ward was cleaning up quite decent- ly in his goat-raising business, but decided ,he was living too far from Broadw He was 125 miles from the railroad and it took him nine days to get to New York. So he sold all but 2,600 of his goats which he drove overland to the Santa Fe station located at Silver City, and shipped them to Livingstone Manor. N. Y. The transportation cost was exactly §10 per goat, and it took them fourteen days in transit. Ward lived in the little town of De Bruce, six miles out of Livingstone Manor, and when his goats arrived and he went in to drive them home to De Bruce it was like a circus come to town and all the youngsters for miles around gathered to see the fun. “They weren't disappointed. either,” Ward chuckles reminiscently, “be- cause those goats sure were hungry after their long trip, and they went over the fences, chewed up flower gardens and window boxes and gen- erally raised havoc.” For another three years Ward stuck to the goat business, but he had arun of hard luck, some of his goats being poisoned, and the trend of cir- cumstances finally convinced him that you can't handle live stock in large quantities in the east. “So 1 sold all my goats to a packing house in New Jersey—just breaking even on my shipment east—and they were put out as the finest mutton and lamb,” Ward says. He is now in the general farming business. Iie is en- joying his life in Congress because no one can “make him the goat” or “get his goat"—because he is range-broke to all the tricks of that obstreperous animal.