Evening Star Newspaper, December 31, 1922, Page 17

: & "EDITORIAL SECTION ; EDITORIAL PAGE NATIONAL PROBLEMS "SPECIAL ARTICLES Part 2—12 Pages “'Prospects Now Good Bills Will Be BY \. 0. MESSENGER. « OUSE LEADER MONDELL expects all of the appropria- tion bills to have passed the House by the middle of Jan- nary. and. judging by the expedition with which the Senate has been act- ing upon those already sent over to that body. they are all likely to be in the President's hands before March 4 and the expiration of the «'ongress by constitutional limitation. The House leader. at this time con- templates no exigency calculated to precipitate an extraordinary session of the new Congress in the spring. * k% As the erackling of thorns in the fire seems to have been the debate in | the Senate over the suggested inter- national economic conference, it Te- mains to be seen whether sufficient heat was engendered to cause the pot | of discussion fn the country to beil. The administration threw cold water on the proposition as far as congres- slonal action was concerned, but it 18 amprehended that some of the league of nations followers at may have been warmed into revived expectation of seeing their ideals in part recognized. Of course. such happy anticipation is futile. One lesson has been taught by the fiasco In the Senate. and that is the necessity in the future of closer co- operation between senators seeking to exercise w#e recognized constitu- tional rigle @f the Senate to advise tn foreign astairs with the executive | branch, wifeh has the right of initi- ative. Im the future Inquiries will probably ©8 made at headquarters before Cerigress takes the first step. * ok ¥ K 4 What is the difference between the « Senate proposition and the plan which the administration now suggestse to deal with the foreign economic situ- ation? may be asked. H The amendment proposed in the! Senate, if effected. would have com- mitted the United States to a treaty- making conference of unknown scope and of boundless possibilities. for the results of which the United States, being initiator of the scheme, would have been morally responsible. The administration’s plan contem- plates a finding of facts by a tribunal of experts, suggesting means of set- tling the reparation question, through s+ the voluntary acceptance by the pow- ers concerned. without the United States being committed to partici- pation in the enforcement of qu ) award or being placed in the position of } arbiter. € * % * In the course of his speech at New Haven last Friday night, Secretary of State Hughes let drop a signifi- cant hint of the policy of the United States if a crisis arises in Europe CONGRESS PUTTING VETO . ON EXTRA SESSION NEED by March 4. | That Appropriation Out of Way “The alternative of forcible meas- ures to obtain reparations is not an attractlve one,” Secretary Hughes held. “No one can foresee the ex- tent of the serious consequences which might ensue from such a course. Apart from political resnlts, I believe that the opinion of experts is that such measures will not produce reparations payments, but might tend to destroy the basis of “those pay- ments, which must be found in eco- nomic recuperation.” This utterance is taken as in the nature of serving notice upon Europe, m a diplomatic way, that the United States looks with utter disfavor upon that feature of the reparations ques- tion. * k% X ¥ i The House-and Senate will be over the holiday recesses by next Tues- day and will set out upon the last lap of this Congress. In the Senate about the middle or the latter part of the week the ship subsidy debate will again begin. The bill is regarded as in a'very precarious position and, in fact, almost in extremis. Its pro- ponents still cling to the slender thread of hope that the objectors may reglize the deplorable condition in which the merchant marine will be left should Congress adjourn until December, 1924, without some kind of action. and will permit a vote. There is still the belief that if the bl is brought to a vote it will pass ok ok . Before this session ends it is pos- sible that a proposed amendment to the Constitutidn will be submitted to the states on the question of tax ex- empt securities. The House will take up the resolution of submission after January 15, when the appropriation bills have passed the lower body. The submission of this resolution will bring about a new situation in the ratiflcation of constitutional} amendments by the states. In this case the proposed amendment the power of the states over local taxation. Grave doubts are entertained by some of the House and Senate leaders whether three-fourths of the states will be willing to ratify the amend- ment, in view of the protests which already are coming in from many state executives. R 3 Prestdent Harding. in his address to the Congress at the opening of this session, speaking of the tendency to demand amendments to the Consti- tution. expressed the opinion that amendment should only be proposed in response’ t6 acknowledged wide- spread demand. In this case the demand is wide- spread among financiers and put for- construed as hitting at state r!:ms.[ number of Jewish farmers in America he Sunday Star. WASHINGTON, D. C, SUNDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 31, 1922. Remarkable Railroad Showing at Year End Discloses Dawn 'of an Era of Prosperity . BY JULIUS H. PARMELEE, Director of the Bureau of Railway Economics. S the year 1922 draws to a close the railways look back upon twelve months of hectic conditions. In particular, they experienced the first nation-wide strike of railway employes, and were seriously affect- ed by the coal miners’ strikes. In spite of these industrial disturbances, the Vear ends with a much improved sit- uation. Gross reve- nues have been great- er than in 1921 by $30,000,000, while operating expenses have been reduced nearly $140.000.000. axes were the heav- iest on record, being greater by $20.- 000,000 than in 1921, _and for the first time reaching $300,000,000. Net operating income increased $115,000.000. DR. PARMELEE. and represented a rate of return of 1.05 per cent on the railway value fixed by the Interstate Commerce Commission. In 1921 the rate was 3.3 per cent, while in 1920 it was small fraction of 1 per cent. How this improvement in finaucial position occurred in the face of serlous labor troubles forms an interesting chapter in railway per- formance. ko ok ok The coal strikes descended on the country simultaneously on April 1, and lasted for about ‘five months. The railways are vitally inter- ested in coal. for they are its largest con- sumers and coal forms the largest single ele- ment in their freight traffic. More than a quarter of the coal mined each y chased and consumed by the railwavs. than a third of their freight tonnage represents coal. Anything that affects coal mining con- cerns them both as consumers and &s trans- portation agencies In their capacity as consumers the railwa; 7 stored an unusual supply of coal last spring. ‘This large supply on hand. together with the tonnage they were able to secure from mines that operated during the strike, enabled the roads to keep their trains running without se- rious difficulty: but Yhey paid the price in a gradually mounting cost. From March to Oc- tober the cost of their coal rose $1.36 per ton of 2,000 pounds. As the monthly railway con- sumption averages about 11,000.000 tons. the strike increased their fuel bill by some $15.- 000.000 per month * In their capacity as transporters of coal the roads faced a more serious problem. In/an- ticipation of the April strike, the movement of coal during the first three months of the vear was unusually heavy. By the first of April the railways had handled 442,000 more cars of revenue coal than during the same months of 1921. During the five months of the coal strikes, however, the movement was far below normal, less than 60 per cent of the tonnage moved in the same period of 1921. In these five months the railways handled 1.416,000 fewer cars of revenue coal than in the same flve months of the preceding vear. They moved all the coal offered them, but because of de- creased production there were at all times during the strike many coal cars lying idle for lack of available traffic. The surplus at i 3 one time was as great as 235,000 coal cars, and this during the summer months, when operat- ing conditions are at their best. Coal movement during the eight months to August 31 was thus 974,000 cars short of the corresponding movement in 1921. During the last four months of the year the railways not only handled the normal heavy fall movement of coal, but reduced the shorfage of the first eight months to less than half what it was on September 1. Their performance was little short of remarkable. If non-revenue coal movement be taken into account—that is, coal moved by the railways for their own use—the showing is even better In the last four months they came close to making up the whole shortage of the first ight months. * Kk % % While =till in the throes of the coul strikes another industrial disturbance descended on the raillways in the shape of .trike of rail- vay shopmen, the first time any body of rail- way workers have quit work throughout the whole country. The prime factor underlying the strike was the 10 per cent reduction in shopmen’s wages ordered by the Railroad Labor Board for July 1. On that date the shopmen generally threw down their tool h the expressed purpose of hampering rai way operation and tying up transportation How many men actually went out is not known, but perhaps 300,000 out of a possible 400,000 employed in the shops. According to the Interstate Commerce Commission, the numi- ber of shopmen at work on July 15 was 255.000 less than in the preceding month. Throughout “the whole period df the strike new forces were being recrulteds and striking employes were drifting back to work. Between July 15 and August 15 the number of shopmen increased 79.000 and another 96,000 by September 15. On the latter date, with the railways short only 80,000 shopmen. an informal agreement was reached, under which the men still out on some lines agreed to return to work. No general settlement was ever made, and the strike ix technically effective today on a few lines. Tg all intents and purposes, however, the strike ended on September 15. the men accepted the lower basis of pay, against which they struck on July 1, and in some cases conceded also the senfority issue that became so important after the first weeks of the strike. That the men found- their venture disastrous is clear. They lost $100,000.000 in wages, and many of them lost their jobs permanently. But the strike brought a considerable cost to the railways as well. New forces were re- cruited and trained at great expense, and their work could not from the first be fully effec- tive. Many additional men were engaged as extra watchmen and guards. There were prop- erty losses from riots and from damage to freight en route. Last of all. the condition of the equipment was adverscly affected, espe- cially the motive power. This deferred main- tenance is now being made up, the cost of which runs into the millions and is a direct result of the strike. * % ¥ Xk The passenger business of 1922 was the smallest since 1916. A serious slump occurred in 1921, and a further decline of 6 per cent iy 1922. The decline this year is traceable. in large degree, to the growing competition from motor cars, both private cars and commercial busses. That this competition is here to stay seems unquestionable, yet in spite of it the railway passenger service has increased dur- ing the past three months. It was the freight traffic. however, that gave . greatest encouragement. Although the freight rate level is now about 10 per cent below that of 1921 and. 12 per cent below the -peak of 1920, the increase in trafic in 1922 was suffi- clently great to make the total freight revenue greater than in 1921 by nearly 10 per cent. Except for coal, every class of freight trafiic showed a marked increase over 1921. The movement of grain and of merchandise goods broke all records. Live stock movement was 10 per cent greater than last year, forest products 17 per cent greater, and ore 70 per cent greater. Especially marked was the improvement of {he last four months of the year. Reference has already been made td the heavy move- ment of coal in those months. The freight tonnage of the period was greater than in the same four months of any previus year, even 1920. Vovember and December have made & remarkable showing, the combined tonnage of the two months being 30 per cent greater than for the corresponding months of 1921. * ok Kk % The improved railway situation should con- tinue well into the coming year. If nothing else, -the trafic momentum of the last four months of 1922 will carry on into 1923. Coal movement will be heavy until April. for the shortage growing out of the coal strike has vot yet been made up. The other heavy move- ments show only partial signs of the usual slowing up at this season of the vear. General business conditions are good. Building per- mits, which mean construction work for the next six or eight months, are being recorded in almost maximum volume. The bumper crops of 1922, now being marketed at generally higher prices than last year, mean a purchas- ing power for the farmer that is being trans- iated into a heavy demand for manufactured products. Unemployment is reduced to a mini- mum. Everythinz points to continued pros- perity in 1923, All this will mean more traffic for the rail- ve. barring unforeseen industrial disturb- es, such as a renewal of the bituminous coal strike next April. Increased traffic will bring greater railway revenues. The traffic will be more efficiently handled, for the rail- ways have this vear ordered twice as many freight car as in 1921 and twice as many locomotives. Operating expenses may show some in- ases, although, on the other hand, the rail- ways will hardly be forced to undergo another tion-wide strike, with its tremendous at- tendant costs. Railway labor's experience with such a strike in 1922 will make them war§ of another such venture within the next twelve months. er Net railway income should show a further increase in 1923. It should, in fact, be as great as § per cent on railway value, if not greater. In this connecticn it should be borne in mind that the Interstate Commerce Commission, in fixing the present levels of freight and pas- senger rates, expressed the hope that the rail- ways would, under those rates, earn mnot less than 5% per cent, which is the “fair return” fixed by the commission under the terms of the transportation act. The railways have never earned that return since the act became law. In 1920 they earned a fraction of 1 per cent, in 1921, 2.3 per cent, and in 1922, 4.05 per cent. It is now time for their earnings to exceed 5 per cent to come, indeed. within sight of the goal of 5% per cent. With the improved con- ditions of 1922 to hearten them. and with the promise of continued improvement, the pos- sibility of reaching that goal in 1923 has be- come something more than a pleasant dream. PRESIDENT AND CABINET REACHED TOP BY WORK Herbert Hoover’s Book Brings Out Fact That Only Two Had Eco- nomic Inheritances. y BY BEN McKELWAY. ORATIO ALGER, Jr., lboking for good material, might pause at a paragraph in Her- 7 bert Hoover's new book, “American Individualism,” which reads: “That our system has avoidefl the establishment and domination of class has a significant proof in the present administration in Washing- ton. Of the twelve men comprising the President, Vice President and cabinet, nine have earned their own {way without economic inheritance land cight of them started with manual labor.” { As a matter of fact, might have put it the other way around, -gone a little farther and stated, “Only two have earned their {own way with economic inheritan {for it takes only a hasty survey of the biographles of the present <abi- net members to show that. with the exception of Secretaries Mellon and Denby, the rest started life “on their own,” and, with the exception of Sec- retary Hughes of the State Depart- ment, all began with manual labor. How They Got Start. President Harding started as a printer's “devil” Secretary Hughes was the son of a Baptist preacher in a small town. Vice President Cool- !1dge and Secretaries Weeks and Wal- |lace, Attorney General Daugherty and | Postmaster General Work were the €ons of struggling farmers and all of them worked as farmhands. Secre- | tary Hoover was the son of a village blacksmith, although his father was ian educated man. Secretary Fall, son lof a Confederate soldier. was a pio- neer and served as a cowboy and prospector in the west when it was truly wild. Secretary Davis, erst- twhile fron puddler, was the son of a poor Welsh immigrant, whose first experience with democratic America was to be robbed of virtually all his hard-earned worldly goods. Mr. Harding's rise from a printer's “devil” to the White House has been advertised far and wide. and con- tinues to be, 8o that the majority of newspaper readers are more or less familiar with his career. Secretary Davis is another whose picturesque blography is rather well known. But Mr. Hoover Mr. Hoover probably is the first to| cite proof of opportunity in a de- mocracy by pointing to the present cabinet, which has been termed by its less informed critics a “rich man's cabinet.” ‘Worked Despite Inheritance. Nor does the fact that Secretary Mellon "and Secretary Denby were born with economic inheritances de- tract from the worth of what both have accomplished in life. It only that they. too. possess the which has enabled them to double the talents with which they were endowed at birth. Mr. Mellon was the son of a Pittsburgh judge, who, upon his retirement from the bench. established the banking house Upon the pres- =8 at the age of sixtecn. He ured an appointment to Annapolis the fol- lowing year, graduating in 1881. His naval career was short. Threc vears after his graduation he was mustered out of the service because of lack of ships. He went to Florida, worked as a civil engineer. and during the Spanish-American war served his country as an officer in a volunteer naval brigade. e entered politics and business—as er—at about th me time, and ] representative jin the Fifty-ninth Congress. I {service in Congress, as representative fand as senator. terminated shortly before his appointment as Secretary of War. Mr. Wecks is the firs |graduate of the Naval Academy to direct the destinies of the Army, but ven his most severe critics—and Army officers are always the most |severe critics of the Secretary of War—admit his efliciency. There is no more popular cabinet member with {the men on “the hill” than Mr. Weeks Daugherty Always a Scrapper. Harry Davgherty. who likes a rap and smokes a pipe at.the Grid {iron dinners, is another farmer boy. i”e has been used to hard work—and | fights—all hts life. Tt has been wri ten of hin “Count that day lost whose low descending sun and even- ing newspaper does not bear testi- mony to Mr. Daugherty being in the | public prints about something, some- how, for things done or not done, or said or not said about him. He is the [Piggest individual power in the Washington regime. and the objec of more bitter criticism and vitupera- |tive attack than any one figure in j Washington, from democrats, from labor, even from some republicans but who thrives on it Harry Daugherty was left an orphan by his father's death when he was four years old. He had nothing to start on. He got his schooling by working as a farmhand in summer and a grocery clerk at night during iwinter and going to school when he jcould. He saved enough money to send himself through law school at the University of Michigan, moving to Columbus, Ohio, soon after his graduation, where he became a leade: in state politics and a lawyer of dis- tinction. = Albert B. Fall, Secretary of the In- terior, comes from mnorthern New Mexico. His home is there—a ranch, which he won as a pioneer in davs when “what You got W% yours—so long as vou could keep 1t The son of a Confederate soldier, Secretary Fall worked his way through school {in Kentucky and saved enough inones pay his way to the Mexican border. { Cowboy, farmer. miner, prospector. school teacher and finally rancher. he studied law in between times, taking a prominient part in the development of his state. He has not alwaysbeen a republican, and one of the first public offices he held was through an appointment from President Cleve- land as associate justice of the New Iroozs: But he listens to the grass(©f T- Mellon & Sons. | roots, not for guidance in casting the €Nt secretary’s graduation from the Inext ballot in the Senate, but for | UNIVersity of Pittsburgh. he entered | useful information. He has found not | NS father's banking house. becom- ing a 4 3 E e that the people want the conference, | IP8 & Partner a vear later. He has since become one of the wo "s rich-y Mexico supreme court. He has been one of the President's closest friend« during the time heserved in the Sen- ate and as a member of his cabinet over attempted foreible settlement of the reparations question, which, it is feared, France may in desperation undsrtake. ward by the Treasury Department, to protect the tax revenues of the nat- tion. But it is being resisted by the | states as trenching ‘upon thelr own would probably be much greater. “What do the statistics of Jewish immigration reveal? From the period 1899 ‘to 1910 almost 600.000 Jewish “AS I SEE IT.” Tt would seem that in such event |rights. immigrants, whose occupationd were ibly - wao 1 > < 4 | | possibly they do mnot want ft—but!:. mehl nited sz:res wm‘x‘;d‘ rw; Bfldalon‘g Tt looks as if there may be a con- | classified. entered the country. Of | that théy need it. So Borah is for it. | 'LJ:‘::[;,V Db s . ”"'Td ""T":',:‘hm"' et with France, but would be found with , test between federal and state In-|these, 70 per cent were reported as | L £ {He is that kind of a statesmam.;. .. 3 by, the ier cabinet erbert Clar! oover, whose naine England. I terests which will be important: being skilled and productive workers, | By William Allen. White. | Borah has that rare mental gm—me""":“"’." s ho was given something of | means more abroad- than George a start in life by the fortune which [Washington or perhaps any other and 11.8 per cent as unskilled labor- ers. In other words, about 82 per cent of the Jewish immigrants were pro- ductive workers of one kind or another. “It so happens that the great mde jority of Jewish workers in this country are connected with or or- ganised in trade unions, and it fs therefore possible to secure reliable information as to the activity of the Jews in various Industrles. I have taken the trouble to inquire of the | offictals of somé of these unlons. What do I find? In the ladies’ garments | gorgeous Independence of a man with n favored his father, was the son of a an open mind. former United States' minister to China. He spent part of his youth i in China, received his schooling at OLITICALLY, the gesture With|¢pe University of Michigan and is by which Will Hays announced the | profession a lawyer. He has made a return of Roscoe Arbuckle to the|fortune in the automobile industry. films was & mistake. The return of| But as for the rest of them, those the success of the merger would have | Arbuckle has nothing to do with his|who have literally risen “from rags been made a _subject for national banishment. Whether this retire-|to riches”—though they do not all prayers. - ment was wise or not it was achieved, | measure their wealth in terms of And so the old year passes, and we |and his return merely after a short|dollars and cents—a briet glance at go into the new with our nerves|time sentence was rather below the|their blographies is sufficient. The serene and our eyes open. Which is|high grade of A-1 acumen which Mr.)imagination should be allowed to do a wonderful condition when you stop!Hl)’S has been producing for the pastithe rest. American, was the son of a village blacksmith and mechanic, a man of education, who conducted a small re- pair shop in West Branch, lowa. His mother has been described as “a ‘woman of rare capacity, shy and re- served. but with personal color and attractiveness, a recognized preacher at Quaker meetings.” He lost both parents at an early age, and, after being cared for by kind relatives. undertook at the age of fourteen to support and educate himself. He got a job in Portland, and in a cumbered storeroom, by the light of a lamp on without public protest is about over. ‘When they raided the mint the other day, the guards made a fuss about it In 1921 the guards would have given the bandits three cheers! The packera did not get their merger sanc- tioned without a struggle. Last year The Retura of Arbuckle. Note.—In publishing this ar- ticle by the brilliant editor of the Emporia Gazeite Tha Star does not necessarily indorse the views he expresses. But Mr. 'Answers Charge That the Jews Are Not a Productive People White brings to the discussion of current events a fertile mind and an entertaining style, and a discriminating public will place its own valuation upon the opinions he advances. does not till the soil. He does not create or manufacture anything for common use. He adds nothing to the sum of human welfare. Everywhere he stande between the producer and . Speaking at a Jewish banquet in Wartford, Conn., recently, Samuel Untermyer of New York answered the often made and reiterated charge that the Jews are a non-productive FAIRLY good average old year closes tonight. For America it .has produced prosperity, which, people. He said, in part: the consumer and sweats the toll of | manufacturing lines alone there are according to our outward Te-|to think of all we have had to stand |ten years. 1f Arbuckle was banished Coolidge Early in Politics. the floor, read himself through a high “Palestine is being rapidly rebuilt|the one and the necessity of the|employed approximately 175,000 Jews |ligion, is the chief end of man. Fol|for the last ten years. {for ‘cause, his banishment Was 00| vyice President Coolidge was born |*ch00! course, which gave him the . % ihrough Jewish effort. Jewish enter- | other for his gains.” throughout the country, while in|continental Europe the old- year has short. If the cause of his banish-|,1g cpent most of his vouth o g |NeCESSATY preparation to enter Leland The Glad New Year. HAT a glad New Year it will be Stanford fn the pioneer class of that now famous university. | ment was mnot real but imaginary brought confuston and a gradual sink- ‘then he should have come back with ing into despair. For England the old the men's clothing lines the num- ber of Jews employed throughout Vermont farm. He graduated from Amherst College at the.age of twenty- “This tissue of falsehoods is re- ported to have been uttered by one prise, in innumerable forms of ac- tivity, but primarlly and fufidamen- tally through the Palestine Founda-|who calls himself the ‘imperial |the country is 200,000, thus making |year has brought hope, but no substan- for your Uncle Sam. With his|an apology from those who banished |three and after & law courso began 1° SPeclalized in engineering and tion Fund. What the Jows arc dolng | wizard” He may be a wizard in|375.000 Jews in these two needle | tial benefits, and for the rest of man- | creditors burning the backs of his|him.- If, on the other hand, the head |his practice in Notthampton, Mass, | QUring the summer worked on geo- at the present moment in Palestine | spreading the poisonous creed of his | trades alone. If other allied garment | kind, for those who gtill wear their |earg with their hot, indignant breath, [Of the motion plcture thinks the|fe entered politics early in life, | J0BIcal surveys in California. One of fs going to forever bury the slan-|organization, but he displays no trades are considered, it would appear |shirts outside their ers, tho New |and with his debtors fading into the |sentiment which justified the banish- | serving as city solicitor, mayor, a|RiS companions once spoke of derous myth that the Jews are not a | Wizardry in the statement Jjust that at least 500,000 Jewish workers, ) Year is just another year. i horizon, With La Follette on the war|ment of Arbuckle from the films has!member in the state house of repre. | H0OVers luck.” productive people. This charge has|auoted, for it carries its own denial. |or one-sixth of the entire Jewish| There is a difterence between the|path and Johnson running for Presi- [subsided. the head of the motion Dic-|sentatives and senate, fleutenant gov- bo‘;\:’h 2B o ;nc::(:!;‘ asked t::e v ‘Hoover's ture industry has made the mistake |ernor and-governor of Massachysetts, of his Young and innocent life. and finally to his present office of Arbuckle had nothing coming to|Vice President of the United Stateh. hiin except an apology or a longer Mr. Coolidge is not a rich man, and sentence. his friends recall that while he was governor of Massachusetts his execu- tive mansion consisted of one roory in a small Boston hotel. Secretary of State years and the decades and the cen- turies only for those who believe in progress. It may.be a grand delusion. Perhaps all this fidgeting that we call change is circular and not forwar maybe the twilights purple rim to- ward ‘which we are going is only a vicious circle and we are getting no- where. But those of us who belong dent, with the near east crumbling into barbarism, and middle Europe slumping to decay, with the Irish Free State outdoing the tyrannies of England, leaving no one for the Irish to hate, with Great Britain about to lose India and France about to lose her head, with burglars, bandits and boodlers chasing the minions of the population of the country, including men, women and children, are en- gaged in the needle industry alon There are in this country about €00, 000 Jewish heads of familles. Com- pare this with the fact that half a million Jews are engaged in the needle industry alone, and decide for yourselves whether or not the Jews It contains nothing but cupidity and malice and a keen scent for persecu- tion and slander, unless it be due to hopeless ignorance and bigotry. “To think that these words should |have been uttered only four years ;n(tar the armistice, after the success- | ful achievement of a struggle that | enlisted the blood and treasure of all always been a calumny and a myth. And if there are times and places, as there were and still are, when any considerable proportion of Jews were driven to the so-called non-produc- tive occupations, it has been due to the oppression and bigotry of the very people who have exploited this libel agalnst them. uck’?’ It's not luck: it's reward. It you would work half as hard and half as intelligently as he does you would have half his luck. If I tell one of you others to do someéthing I have to come around in an hour to see If you have followed my in- structions, but when I set Hoover at anything I know it will be well done. What Herrin Means. E evidence in the Herrin mas- ‘H! T sacre indicated that the town which seems to ‘be anjHughes, son of a Baptist Charle E. minister, “It has been due to the persistent | the classes of citizenship of our coun- | are producers. Practically the entire | to the section of humanity that eats|jaw under the bed, and the booze-|of Herrin, B: i A P e e denial of opportunity to engage in|try, and, among the foremost, of the | population of the United States Is|regular meals and uses chairs, feels |phyyers smashing the federal Constitu- | average American commiffiity, not at|was born in Glens Falls, N. V., and Tl S e e e ooy % supplied with clothing by the Jew: that it 1s on the way to some glory [tion to bits, the most comfort Unclelall dominated by the foreign-born, |shortly,after his birth his family Kamchatka for @ walrus tooth, I'd never hear of him until he got back with the trophy.. Then I'd ask him how he did it.” *Mr. Hoover's work as an engineer - has taken him to nearly every part of the civilized world. In mining and Jews of America! To think that any creature who miscalls himself an American would have the hardihood to utter such words only four years after a war that could not have been ‘won but for the entnuslastic and har- monious co-operation of all the citi- zens of America, and foremost among them the Jews of America! The Jew In America. “To charge the Jew with being un- productive is to disregard all statl tics and to {gnore the most elemen- tary facts that are familiar to all whe know anything of the industrial life of our country. There are already In the United States 12,000 Jewish fam- {lles engaged In farming, represent- ing & population. of over 60,000, ais tributed among the stagtes of the Unfon. They cultivate more than 1,000,000 acres of land, repressnting holdings to the value of $100,000,000, and this, despite the fact that the cultivation of. the soil is the last oc- cupation to which the Jews, because of their peculiar history and the especial persecutions to which they have been subject, particularly in Russia, have been permitted to enter. ‘Were it not for the sxistence of the productive occupations, for which the Jews have suffered in various pe- riods and in many lands. For cen- turias they were mnot permitted to own or till the soil, and this is still true in some of the countries where bigotry and persecution yet flourish and where civilization is at a low ebb. ! Find Oppertunity Here. went to the strip mine last summer :avzd to 'Ne:-;k. b".v.. :helre Mr. solemn thought that, being the oldest| with = cold-blooded declsion to | Hushes attended public school until government ‘now o: en-ux‘, operating | slaughter the strikebreakers. The he was eleven years old. His family under the same constitution, it -will [town folk did wholesale, cowardly then moved to New York city, and in be his turn soon. murder and probably tortured some|1875 “flb IH“I’:;' sl'flfl"ltefl from the S6 lets wish him 'a happy New|of their victims. The union miners :‘l"m:“m':,_ ,:&'.,,:'::.,:’::-wcr:: Year, then duck and run. seem t; _nu; ::a. :::o;nge 1:“::x ltoh: o e oo | ratiroud -engineering e s boen in Borah and the Grass Roots e for a 1ad of thirteeri. ,He graduated |exico, Australia, China, Italy, India. 5 citigens. The evidence in court brings \ °" * o5 0 Sy o, SR A ore | South Africa and Russia. He was u ENATOR Borah's demand for an|out with terrible stmilitude ther co-| FO% FRE W0 e 0 Vot fed | noted engineer when the war broke. international conference upon |temporary gtory of the reporters. law at Columbia, completing his|#nd his work as food administrator economic problems took courage| It may be well to consider this|, uree at the age of twenty-three, |has made his nume known throughou: back of his wisdom. A man who |butchery as something more than an|.;q beginning work in his profession | the world. seeins to break with his tradjtion has | outbreak of angry men. It may be|gy a clerk in a law office. Secretary Worked Hard for Education. to battfle with gnat-brained men |well to ask why the men got angry?|gughes first attracted public atten-| Henry C. Wall 8 of Agri- whos® God is consistency. Borah,| Why they believed themselves justi- seeing the mneed of bolstering tion through his work as special ex- | o, fasien 4 flod In brutal slaughter of thelr fel- aminer for the renowned Armstron |l hus heen s-li::z;o; :vlth e;-:::i crumbling world, not for the world's | low creatures. Why the town stood committee of the New York state sake, but for our saké, did only what|by them. The-men who wero killed |legisiature and the subsequent insur- [ 178 ’;"‘;l"“‘”- Jeasimanireaiajuon S Borah would naturally be expected to} were only exercising their ancient|ance scandals of 1905. His service as ;"' i 1, and worked hard for his do. He never hasbebn an opportunist. | constitutional right to. work; why|Governor of New York, his appoint- |® ‘;“" ';“ through Dnv"':orr school He has followed his convictions With- | were they treated worse than beasts? and college. A short tifhe after en- ment to the Supreme Bench, his out fear. And the interesting and|Arericans are not given to bestial|nomination' for President of the,!cring the lowa State Agricultural curious thing about his change is that|orgles like that at Herrin without United States and the prominent part | College his course there was broken it has come from the times, The need | some cause, however weak it may be. | he has taken in President Harding's|YP b!'. the withdrawal _nf one of his of an economic contérence, the need of | What was the deep signifiodnce of the | cabinet are well known. o e liNL Nk bis o restoring Europe in order to preserve | agtion of these murderers? Started on the Farm. |"frf' llo zh;- f.u-.fu, l,:'f \N.)rkod in the the European market for American| We are facing here a changéd atti-| john Wingate Weeks, Secrctary of :;.mr‘: s nb]zco o‘r ;» years before off the root and the stones out of the | farmers is a convicfion that has|tude among workers and their sym- | war, is the biggest man, physically, | 7 "% *P% to €o back to college: foyndation of the republic. But the pathizers to dur economic order. ‘The in the cabinet. He began life as | \ch he did, graduating in 1892, /| election indicated that the snap of 3 the_tow: lived in or other, and by rights this year should leave us one short stage nearer our goal. < In America, which is, after all, our immegdiate <oncern, i not our ulti- mate " anxiety, we have done two things: we have calmed down and waked up. The bushes are not so full of bol- shevists as they were last year, nor are business men breaking contracts as they did in 1921, nor paying so much interest, nor is labor looking so keenly for work, mor is the old sport drinking so much hooch nor such bad liquor @s he drank a year ago, and-we are much nearer what will have to pass for normalcy thin we have been for & decade. So much for our calming processes. We are awake to realities as we have not been since the war. We know now that we are a part of thé world and must play a world part. We realize now that we have been asleep while the grafters and boodlers and amiable agents of special privi- Jege have been taking the shingles In All Lines of Production. Sam can get out of it is the sweetly “I have it on the authority of the same officials of the trade unions that in New York city alone with {ts 1,600,000 of Jewish pepulation, again including men, women and children, there are nearfy half a million Jewish workers, embracing every line of pro- ductive employment, including, among many others, the building, metal and) ‘printing trades and the makers of bread and other foodstuffs. “Incidentally, it may be added that the Jewish worker, though largely & newcomer to America, has not only ot reduced the American standard of tving, but has been largely instru- mental in many instances In initiat- ing and In maintaining™s higher standgrd of Mlving. I could go on multiplylng instances aad quoting figures to prove the assertion that the overwhelming majority of Jews in this country—I speak, of course, of the adult Jews—are engaged in hard work in the basic productive indus- tries. But even without a statistical investigation, it is self-evident to the ordinary observer of life in our in- “Fortunately this denial of oppor- tunity does not exlst in our own country. The charge of unproduc- tivity against the Jews of America is false, reckless and contemptible and is prompted by racial and religious wvenom and bigotry. It ia without ex- ouse, dut it cannot be igmored. It must be answered and put at rest. *In this connection my attention fias been called to a widely publish- ed report in the newspapers of a tew days ago, quoting a high official of that strange and medieval erup- tion on the civic life of ot beloved country, the Ku Klux Klan, in which that individyal is quoted as having emitted the libel that the Jews are an _unproductive people, He is re- ‘perted as follows: ! ' l farmer boy_on his father’s farm near Lancester, N, H. and ‘taught school \ #;