Evening Star Newspaper, October 2, 1921, Page 44

'THE EVE With Sunday WASHINGTON, D, C. SUNDAY........October 2, 1021 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Rditor The Evening Star Newspaper Company lum- 0=o 11t &t m-fivuh Ave. Balstag, . Chicage 'Ofce: tional Soropean Offes: -"i‘.-".‘u e s, Tagiond. e Star, with the Sunday meratng l.l h fimul within the eity The Eveatn ia de! Daily and ])ml’ onlys.“m“ : ¥:: 1yr., §2.40; 1 mo., All Other States. Dallyandsund 1 0.00; 1 mo., Datly o Lvlyr u oo mo., Greater Washington's Street Plan. Through the law excluding the na- tion from participation in the cost of{day end the Chicago anniversary,|bungry. of having wife and children suburban street extension, and through THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, OCTOBER 2, 1921——PAR’1‘ 2. G ‘ST AR. rwnun‘ ‘this area Would extend|thdse’ reasons are thq allurement of to Chicago instead of New York. higher wages, a short.day’s work and. The expense of the street system cf(an abundance of that idleness and the Washington that covers the whole ) semi-idleness which men call pleasure District is not to be endured unless and recreation, Other reasons are that met by all the rescurces which com-{a job at wages in the city relieves a bine to make the National Capital mar from those responsibilities and worthy of the natlon. those necessities for initiative and in- ———ee——————— dependent thinking and acting which A are upon him if he would niake his - Fire-prevention day falls close upon | !iving in ‘the country. the fiftiath anniversary of the break-| There is enough idle land in Mary- 1ag eut of the Chicago fire, October §,|12nd and Virginia to, support .at the 1871, a fire which destroyed 17,450 |CTudest Sort of a guess ten.times as buildings, swept an area of nearly|Tany people as live there. It is sald, three and a third square miles and|that sardening and farming are not caused a monetary loss set down at|RProfitable, and that is true in a sense. $200,000,000.. 1t was the greatest of|Jardening and farming for the pur- American fires. The Boston. fire of | Fo®e of selling in the cities is‘a hazard, 1872 destroyed 776 houses, covering|Malnly because so many non-pro- sixty aéres, and caused a loss ‘esti.|ducers take their toll along the course mated at $75,000000. The Baltimore|Which produce follows from the grow- firo of February, 1904, destroyed 2,500 {¢F to the eater. The system of distri- buildings, covering seventy squares, bution: is complex and highly organ- and entalling a loss of $50,000,000.|ized, and it would be' best and most The San Francisco disaster in April, | effective if it were simpler and more 1906, was & combination of earth.|direct. quake and fire, and caused a loss esti-| ' The man on the land who is willing roated at $350,000,000. to work and can work seldom com- In connection with Fire-prevention | Plains of being “out of a job,” of being news staries sent out from the great|Who are in want and of having a land- the Borland law concerning street im-|lake city say that the “histary” that|lord standing at the door with a writ provement, suburban Washington is, in effect, set apart in point of finan- cial treatment as though it were not a portion of the National Capital, al- though no eye can distinguish between that section of the city which is recog- nized as the National Capital and that which in point of fiscal treatment. in provements is rated as negligible hin- terland. The unwisdom and unfairness of! this legislation are emphasized by con- sideration of the extraordinary char- acter of Washington’s street plan and the peculiar obligation imposed there- by upon the nation in respect to its development, improvement and main. tenance. ‘Washington’s original street plan represents the hard bargain driven ‘with the original proprietors of the soil. John Law, a prominent citizen, who came here at the city's birth, charged, in 1820, voicing a general complaint, that the city had been made vast by the politicians merely to gratify their cupidity and tempt as many farmholders as possible to give up .half their property. Even more bitter complaints were made concern- ing the area appropriated for streets and avenues, not merely one-half, but all of which was taken by the govern- ment without compensation. The property owners donated one-half of the lots and all of the streets and ave- nues to the nation; and the national representatives showed shrewd appre- ciation of the terms of the benefaction by setting apart as streets more than one-half 6f the total area of the eity, 3,606 acres out of a total of 6111, & greater percentage of street surface than in any other city in the world. Its vastness has been well pictured by imagining & street 100 feet wide ex- tending from Washington to New York, to be graded, asphaited and sup- plied with gutters, curbstones, side- walks, drains, sewers, lamp posts and shade trees. As the Senate District commluu said in its geport of 1835: plan of the city was formed by the vuhllc authorities; the dimensions of the streets determined by them without interference by the inhabi- tants or regard to their particular interest or convenience. It is a plan calculated for the magnificent capital of & great nation, but oppressive from its very dimensions and arrangements to the inhabitants, if its execution to any considerable extent is to be thrown upon them. No people who anticipated the execution an . ?uenl support of it out of their own ‘unds would ever have d ed o forming such a plan. At that period nejther the government nor the proe prietors contemplated that the whole or even a large-proportion of the bur- den should be thrown upon_the in- habitants of the oity..* ® ¢ The streets were not only oppressive from their size and extent in their original formation. but they will from the same cause continue to be an unending_source of expense in their repair. They must Anmnny cost nearly double the lmoun: of stree! of m nma l h of moderate di- m. ns. anment which Teated this eonau n of things ought not be very deaf to the complaints of g“ou upon whom such burden has The effect of this legislation is to preserve much of this magnificent street plan and to extend it to a con- siderable degres over the District out- side of original Washington under a method of extension in some respects more unjustly oppressive to the capl- tal community than the arrangement of which the original property owneérs complained. The latter were required to give land for the streets, but they ‘were recompensed in part for- their gifts by the understanding, afterward violated, . that, the donated stréets skould be opened and improved: ex- clusively or largely at the expense of the nation. Had old Washington realized that the nation would disregard its implied agresment and throw the expense of street development almost entirely upon individual citizens it would hardly have consented to dedicate for street purposes more than half of the total area of the city; and the new ‘Washington, beyond Boundary street, naturally shrinks back when invited to develop the extravagant and ex- pensive but magnificent street plan of a great National Capital with the feeble, unalded resources Of a scat- tered suburban population, which in its natural development would never dream of dedicating to the public and of maintaining and improving at its own expense a street area that would take out of the markst and render not only unproductive but & source of di- rect and heavy outlay over one-third of the entire suburban city. The taxpayers of the District are absolutely unable unaided to develop the outlying territory on the lines of the original capital.. Suburban Wash- ington contains 31,925 acres, as agsinst 6,111 acres in the original city and 6,500 acres in Washington and Georgetown. At & minimum esti- mate there will be much over 10,600 acres of streets to be condemned, opened, maintained and improved, as against 3,608 acres In the original city, under whose burden the taxpayers of the capital for three-fourths of & cen- tury groaned. The new city will be five times the area of the original eityn The area of the streets to be donated, maintained and impraved will be twice [ty as large as the entire area of the orig tnal “city, and the imaginary street o Mrs. ‘O’'Leary’s cow started the fire| Of eviction in his hand. Making a liv- by kicking over an oil lamp in the ing out of the land is a8 harder job stable is bad history, and that the|than a wage job in the city, but it is story is not fact. Other historiansjsurer. | tion. the matter of street extensions and im-| keep straight. have arisen to defend Mre. Q'Leary’s cow and to protect the cow against being deprived of her historic distinc- History is a difficult thing to It is now sajd that Nero did not fiddle when Rome burned. Violins were not made then, and Nero ‘Back to the land is one answer to unemployment. Leaves. The working life of the leaf draws near its close. The laboratory which since spring has been working up !merely twanged a lyre. Henry the vIIr ok e o but'e ::odhto maintain the tree is about Xind as fimvle-m m’“l“ od n.ntunusmn. shut down for the sepson. It is getting less light and warmth than Richard III wasa not a hunchback sent into the world scarce half made up so that dogs barked at him as he passed, but was an Apolio who might have served as the model for a recruiting poster. John Brown, when on the scaffold at Charles Town, did not take a colored babe in his arms and kiss it. No colored people were allowed in the field where the scaffold stood. Barbara Fritchie did not wave a Union flag at a Confederate column passing by, and Stonewall Jackson never said warning- 1y that he who harms one hair of yon gray head dies like & dog. Stonewall's troops did not pase down the street on which Barbara’s house stood, Sheri- dan 4id4 not make a ride of twenty miles to Winchester, and Grant and Lee did not meet under an apple tree it needs In its remarkable work and is giving up elements that are vital to it in order that the tree may con- tinue growing. The green will change to yellow. or red, and then brown, and many leaves will drop to the ground before the drybrown stage is reached. There are a few yellowing leaves in the streets, parks and woods and a bit of crimson among the sassafras, sour gums and sumacs. These, with the red maple, white elm, yellow locust, horse chestnut, white maple, yellow birch, hickories, tulip tree, black walnut and the cucumber tree are those whose leaves change color and forsake them earliest in the autumn. Here and there one gets a glint of pink in the red maples and glimpses of yellow in the elms, jemployed who want to work. Another StiAppomatiox fANG el aoes locust, birch and walnut, but the b ST time when autumn leaves reach their Mansions and Mail. full beauty is not quite here, but it It time s golden, as the poets say, |is close upon us. those' who live in mansions should ——— e “:: : ybd thw:h‘:‘::t:;‘::n ¥ m.:“ Sending flowers to a prisoner i ,_h""m"‘”m“ broaght out during|ChArged with serious crime is & cus- it Lon oreak i WHAH: aoriors | tom o well fized that it would be un- of the city post office are inducin wise for the attorneys to meglect it residents to afix mail l“t:evnnutheyhnvetohuythnflawm thelr front doors. and hire the ushers to carry them. The interesting thing is that the —— e Politics at Home|Suggests Cabinet Members Advise Congress in Person An Alm Official Chairman White of the demacratic national committee, undiscouraged by the. election result in New Mexico, is still on the job. He is often in Wash. " ington, where he is welcome, and while in town -confers with the lead- ers of his party who harbor here. In this way he keeps in touch with party sentiment all over the country. This .waa the policy of Mr. Hays while . chairman of the republican na- tional committee. He was a frequent visitor to the capital, and in frequent consultation with prominent republi- cans in Congress and out. He found profit in his visits, and probably Mr. White is finding profit in his. Formerly, and not so long ago, the chairman of a political national com- mittee had little to do, and d4id little, in off years. At(,heclonolthaprul dential campaign he had managed for his party he would “lay off” until the next national convention met, and then, after calling that body to order, give place to a new man. It is very different now. There is no rest for a chairman. Whether he wins or loses his fight, his wark goes on. Politics is never adjourned. The or- ganization needs, and receives, his constant attention. If fully alive to his duties he finds something worth his while all the time. The public is still without informa- tion about Mr. White’'s future. Whether he is to retire soon and stand for the governorship of Ohfo, or con- tinue in charge of his party’s national organization work until 1924, he has not said. There are unconfirmed re- ports both ways. But whether he re- tires from, or remaina in, his present place, he is well employed in his pres- ent activities. If he retires he can turn over all the information he has accumulated to his successor. If he holds on he can use it himself. ————pm e Republican Tide Still Running. As yet the tide has not turned. Sentiment is still with the repub- lcans. At a special election held in Towa several months ago to fill a vacancy in the House the republican cand}- date was an easy winner. At a special election held more re- cently in Pennsylvania_to fill & va- cancy in the House the repyblican candidate had an easy victory. In New Mexico the other week a republican senator was chosen to suc- ceed himself. His majority was a record for an off year. And on Tuesday in a Massachusetts congressional district the republican candidate for a House vacancy had the best’ of the poll by a majority comparatively as large as that the|. republican candidate of last year re- ceived. True, Iowa, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts are republican states, and New Mexico is republican now larger the house, the more money| Suspicions tbat the fallure of thegng then. Still, allowing for this, it possessed . by the householder, the}league of nations to receive replies to| plain that the people are disposed harder It is to get a promise of in.|certain communications was due to|, give the party In power a fair stallation of & box of slot: into' which | hold-over policies in the postal system letters may be dropped. have proved to be entirely un(o\mfled ‘Whereas the humble cottage holder ——— e gladly installs a box at his door sill,| Californians earnestly repudiate the the resident in & marble or limestone|suggestion that the beverages con- mausion is reluctant to do so. Per-{sumed at rough parties have any re- haps he imagines it is too small &|lationship to the former products of thing for him to bother about. the coast vineyards. But consider. At most of these e large homes the ring of the front 40or | Goriay sentiment is evidently not mhmmwamtoneutu ¢ allowi hi in- long stretches of hall must be cov-|,.. s nzfanything solin teresting, even, as a peace discussion ¢|ered. Careful check by Inspectors has|, yorfere with plain constructive shown that at many homes & carrier has to wait fully three minutes or more before he can go on to the next point. Several senators will commend| Granting the carrier had only twen.|themselves to thrifty and conservative | ty homes, which is far, far short of |constituents by refusing to keep late the number any mallman has on his|hours even for the sake of treaty dis- route, he would consutne just one hotit | cussion. in walting alone. No wonder the man ——— . on the end of the route "kicks” about| Science may discover a new fuel to slow mafl sprvice. take the place of coal, but there is no ‘With letter doxes installed at thejchance of its production in time for front doors, howsver, all s different.|this winter's deliveries: The carrier swiftly mounts the steps, ———— st drops in the letters and goes on 10| poeneyiem's greatest difficulty les the next home. Everybody gets' Bis), "y socenity of constently chang- mail earlier, and the carrier has an time of it. ing the meaning of the term to meet -,.,.x" oip your - new conditions. e e e ot b rm o Fire-Prevention Day. SHOOTING STARS. Fire-prevention day, set for October . I SSON. 10, will have a proper educational ef- e e ik fect. That is the object in celebrating Prospectus. most of the déys which are set-apart| A joyous world will make its way - for special observance. Most people 'Neath skies forever blue, ought not to need to -be educated| If all thit the press agents say against fire and its dangers, for near- Comes absolutely: true. ly everybody dreads fire, even those < 4 ‘who have not besn burned; but there s great need to stir the minds of peo- ple against their own carelessness. People are thoughtless in allowing inflammable trash to accumulate in their homes and stores, and. .people are careless with matches, cigarettes, cigars and pipes. Men will flick away a match with a hot or burning tip; they will flick away a lighted cigarette Precoclon- Dsmonstntlon or clgar and kiock or let @rop burn | “That infant next door cries con- ing ashes from a pipe.. Many Dersons giantly. are careless about gasoline, benzine| ..ng yet,” mused Senator. Sorghum, and kerosens, gas jets and CUFtains,|.; gon't believe he actually-has any- electric wiring and Booty chimneys|iying on his mind. He's probably just and overheated stoves. Fm-m-evm- flibustering.” . - tion day; even in the preliminary. di cu-luotfl.mtonupln preventing fires. ; ————— Democrats have 8o much faith in|to take the. troubl- to try. - . Oscar Underwood that they feel sure he can’serve in an official - caacity Mle‘d(}anhllu with eminent republicans without for| The optimist defies the storm, a moment mdl.llnc his ponum “Provided ‘he's a thrif€y soul, industry. —_———— ‘We'll never see a show thdt's bad, Nor read a book that’s poor; No specuylation will prove sad, Successes will be sure. So let us.bid him persevere And ply his skill anew, This earth_may be a better. sphere ‘When nys comes true. Jud Tunkins says nobody does any- thing so well that somebody doesn identity. - And ha, besides & heart so warm, R M A° celiar that s fult’ of coal. : Back to the Land. " &' Forbidding Prospe ‘The cause_of unemployment is that “Iam ufraid;” said the Woman ‘Who chance to redeem its campaign prom- ises; that thex do not repent of last year's decision, but are looking forward to a justification of the con- fidence they then expressed at the poils. This should operate as a spur to Congress to do its best. There is a g00d deal to be done, and a good deal depends on how it is done. And next year the people in choosing a new Congress will pass on the record now in the shaping. That shaping cannot be too caréfully attended to, Mr. Bryan and Office. Although when questioned he ap- pears to reserve, if not to flirt with, the subject, it does not seem likely that Mr. Bryan has a thought of try- ing for the Senate from Florida. He soon tired of the House, and sought a more congenial fleld for the exercise of his talents. He would as soon tire of, the Benate. It would be quite as little to his taste—maybe less o, for he has found ainoe he left the House a fleld very much to his liking and in which he has been pleasantly and profitably active for years. Nor while Secretary of State did he seem to enjoy executive office. At any rate, he did not tarry in it long. And this leads to the question, Mr. Bryan, who has kept longing eyés | protracted, éxpens on it for a quarter-century, enjoy-the| destroying litigation is & presidency? Probably mot: George D.] which Prentice, & boomer ot Henry Clay for | given the chief magistracy; sald after Mr. Clay’s death that it he had realized his ambition he would bhave bgen a. heart-broken man; that he could not F BY fflfl.fll R. MARSHALL, Former Vice President of the United States, there are’ no debts which are not payable in money and that =]} debts are thus payable. The Iarger part of that ‘which I owe can never be settled in the coin of the reaim nor disowned in the counting house of my con- science. The great debts ‘of life are In a currency that cannot be expanded or contracted. Each man settles. for himself what he owes and what he does not owe. But much as I should disltke to grow careless: about the payment of debts ‘which may be liquidated in currency, I should prefer that course of conduct to failure to make e payment now and then upon -the debts of kindness owing by me. Perhaps my view may be ex- plained by an incident in the Baltimore convention of 1912. Some generous friends and the democrats of Indiana were in- clined to think that if the con- test for the nomination were long- drawn out between Gov. Wilson and Speaker Clark, 1 could be nominated as a compromise candi- date. * x % ¥ ‘There arose the contest over the temporary chairmanship and 'Mr. Bryan sought the views of those whose names would be presented to the convention. I was not then—and never have been—a member of any faction or follower of any man of my party. I never owned a machfne nor run with a machine. My unvarying idea has ‘been that principles, and not men, should control the destinies of the democratic party. I cared no more for Judge Parker personally than I cared for Mr. Bryan. But I did not forget that In 1908, when Mr. Bryan was a candidate for President and I was a candi- date for governor, Judge Parker had canvassed the state of In- diana for both of us. Mr. Bryan's telegram gave me an opportunity to make s payment on this debt. I was advised that the wise thing to do was to hedge; that Mr. Bryan's iafluence in the conven- tion was great, that any real or seeming antagonism to him would blight all prospect of my own nomination. But I realised that some time in the future I would meet Judge Parker, and then when I did he would be thinking what an in- grate 1 was, so I wired Mr. Bryan, in substance, that the man who canvassed Indiana for him and for me was good enough to pre- side over a democratic conven- tion. L In the eight years I presided over the United States Senate I proba- bly disagreed at one time or an- other with each member of the body, but I am in debt to every one of them for little kindnesses which cannot be forgotten and which can never fully be repafd. I would like to make a small pay- ment on account by promoting & kindlier public feeling for the Senate. One thing is sure, steps should be taken to enlarge the in- formation and lessen the labors of senators. No one can long watch the pro- cedure in the Senete and not be convinced that exact information upon & pending measure i largely confined to & few members. The real work of the body. of course, is done in committee. When the sub- ject comes up on the floor its dis- cussion, based upon knowledge of facts, is conducted by a small group. The many are compelled to accept the facts from this group, some members of which are op- posed and some are in favor of the measure.. Each may be right in part and wrong in part. How to get the original facts before every member of the Senate is the prob- ALSE is the conclusion thnt. " ‘Discussion about the Vice Presi- dent sitting in the President's eabinet was kept up until Presi- dent ‘Harding invitea Vice Pres!- dent Coolidge to partieipate in cabinet consultations. It was con- tended for ‘years that the Presi- dent should have some one in the ,-Benate who knew all about his ad- ministration. T am not criticising. I think §t was & courteous end %indly act upon the part of Presi- Adent Harding to include his Vice President in cabinet gatherings. But my reading of the Congres- sional Record and of the public press has not conveyed to me any information of the Vice President enlightening the Senate about the purposes and wishes of the admin- 1atration.. * % ¥ % I am a stickler for the prinoiples upon which the government was founded, but I recognise that changes in the methods of admin- istration may cause those princi- ples to function better. I am in- clined to favor the bill of Rep- resentative Kelly of Pennsylvania, to make it incumbent upon cabinet officers to appear in the two houses of Congress, there to be inter- rogated. This, of course, is the English system. I am neither an anglo-maniac nor an anglo-phobiac and think there is no reason Why anything good in any other gov- ernment may not with propriety be adopted by our own. Mr. Kelly's suggestion is not a new one. Several years ago, Mr. Perry Belmont wrote an interest- ing pamphlet on the subject of cabinet government. I was 30 im- pressed with its wisdom that I backed up the pamphlet in a pre- pared interview. Nothing came of it, which was the common fate of subjects of vice presidential in- terviews. Heretofore, Vice Presi- dents and the wind have blown where they listeth. Thou hearest the sound thereof, and canst mot tell whence it cometh, and nobody cares whither it goeth. I wish for Vice President Coolidge better luck. L If a cabinet officer were com- pelled to enter the Senate and the House. and there submit himself to examination upon & pending measure affecting his department, all members would at the same time obtain first-hand information rather than gain inklings as they 30 now by filtration through the brain-pan of a committee. Each member would get like facts as the purposes of the administration. The advantages of such a system would apply particularly to appropria- tions. 1 have no reason to suggest ulterior motives on the part of any administrative officer, but experi- ence has taught me that every duckling s & swan to its mother. ‘We all become obsessed with the importance in time and eternity of our own particular part of the world’s work. An educator omce informed me that if there were only one man in the state of In- diana who deslred to study the Chaldais tongug, it wasthe duty of the state to furnish a prciescor re- gardless of cost. Each lLuresu in ‘Washington, according to ita oyn views, is growing constantly in na- tional importance and is deserving of comstant enlargement. It has some one always to point out its records and its hopes. There rarely is anybody conversant with its weakness. It is to be hoped, particularly at this time, when there is such a stringency In national finances, and while effort is being' made to in- crease the efficiency of the gen- eral government, that the bill of Mr. Kelly will not be permitted to sleep unto death. Our laws are not as those of the Medes and Per- sians. Let this English em be tried. If it worke well, we shall be glad. It it does not, it may easily be sbandoned. (Copyright, 1021, by Thomas R. Marshall.) ! Jem | Comeumwmes s el Arbitration in Forelgn Trade Arbitration of commercial dlnputlllt Would| in foreign trade as an alternative for | " ive and friendship- | {ha” uncertainty, delay and costliness subject to this special attention is now being foreign ‘and | merchants at the present time. c-| At the recent congress o et Commerce in th of” commerclal{ curriculum of _the by the' buesu of domestio commerce. In t tive effort to keep the mechanism of foreign trade running smoothly and remove all stumbling stones from the tional business friend- have rewarded his friends as they ;::l:"!;:“:m" ot made in rendering this important arm plied ‘occasions for disputel between raders residing in different countries has at the same time, added to of commercial litigation. reason commercial arbitration looms large in the minds of mternauonnl f the Inter- national Chamber of London, the subject arbitration received serious considera- tion. Reports from several countries were submitted and much progress was would have desired, and that his help-| » “ynited States is giving hearty |enSaged in international commerce, lessness would: have crushed him. desire. himsel? recognizes 'ft——Mr. his best advantage and satisfaction. Using the word in its complimentary | mercl sense, he is, .before and above every- thing else, an agitator. He has ideas, | comme quests, ane At to be sent to its conn elgn countr and the courage of them, tractive way of presenting them; and as the proof.of the pudding is in the {eating, he le, after twenty-five years, =1 This ques- lause in all countries. s qQ think he could do-it hetter if he was'as much in request as lecturér and :mnu\n has been worked out by the stumper as when fresh from threwing division of commercial law and is|disp :|a national convention—GChicago, ~into ‘“conniption fits.” ” ‘The son of Dr. Wu Ting-fang -may be & jriember of the'delegation from ‘commercial China to-the’ conference on armament llimitation. Dr. Wu' {8 rémembered 88| of many’ lan 8 Have man of & most inquiing mind, and [ of l'"“ there ate mote men than Jodbs. One!inaq moved into a new fiaf, “that we're |is Soni will prove remarkably well o4 way €0 curs. unémployment 18 to 2ur-| coing to have's. 00ld; hard winter?” nizh the -unemployed with “Judging by those ‘nature-fakini 13 is, to furnish jobs to thoss of the uli-|signa?” sneered her-husband. cure for unemployment is to encour-yor's face.” age men to put themmslves in a situa- tion where they do not need a “job.” The angwer to that is in the land. A Proverb Uneenpected. the overstimulation of cities and over- | philosopher. stimulation. must always be followed| : ‘‘Semetimes, maybe,” Yy periods of ‘depression. Mifiions of | Uncle Bii] Bottletop. .“But I'vé about{every man, in -the Kd EKlux Kifin as men leave the country and move to|decided I'a rather go thiraty than take |'well as out of it,.when he wanta to amurnav:‘oom S ioa o7 4 the city for many reasons. Amongichances on these homemade drinks.”’tell his troubles to a policeman. *“No. By the expremon on the jani.| While stationed here. “If you want a thing done properly }early” Various factors have contributed tojdo it yourself, said the ready-made|holidays more imperative ‘than ever. informed abdut America it the doctor | i mmmm-mymamm:m answers 'to 'the questions he“asked|into efrect, tional transactions. the difficulties of asoer*}machin d wrongs of the | petween American and n the parties to! chants. The advisory committee on t at oconsiderable | commerelal disputes in forelgn coun- then‘ 18] tries has_drafted O e Good business conditions are expect- putes a inexnun-luly. 1eavin ——— 3‘:»‘”]‘11!{ b't‘vx Mr. Wolt empe:: commented. Thers comes s tme in. the iife of m‘:n?.m:pu“ og” n:: ‘r‘l‘l;flyn scribed a8 & meAns r uou nl Bryan injment his present employment is serving to| federations o should work together to. m ulmnt the rights an points mv‘:lnd.‘“n ed to arrive in time to make the “shop| Se, AIsPats T8l Ioh Gther, warning in advance of ‘the|naéd of An lrr-n:men,t 'N“"'Y 1) no | congress of the International Cham- ses. | ber of Commoree. world’'s .| co-operation. 8o in Mr. Bryan's case. He bas a} mpe dusiness interests of the ocoun- great many devoted friends, and he|iry geeing the big advantages to be i could not gven'as President reward ell| gained by substitution of arbitration | comi of them as they would expect and he| for .litigation, have held conferences with Secretary Hoover, in which it As & matter of fact—and maybe he|was decided that the federal govern- and ' the organisations and|gerument of ¢ commercial interests|given as follo ake com- al arbitration & handy agency. The carrying Po.f the arbitration ies with gent laws, with bureau of foreign and domestic ros, in response to urgent re- is preparing a questionnaire ections in for- fes in order to determine orincical markets has multi- smoothing out the existin and conflicting opinions. thouxh it m-y seem, laced in ).nd: upon the amic: ‘or, strang Wolt explains. nciples to be observed in order to make the arbitration of mmercial dispute a thoroughly satis! ctory in- commercial J (8) There m\nt be an.agreement between the parties to a contract that in the event of a die- pute between them the same shall be submitted (0 arbitration, in order to avoid expensive and time-wasting 1iti- king such a clause in the similar Agreement may de reached between the parties subse- quent to the arising of the dl-&uw (b) Arbitrators satisfactory to both rtjoularly m interna~ | grrangements .with certain bodies in the diverii Argentina and clnvl:;.r:l t:b provide | o vesident. of o o an feign mer- ) just returned rovide foreli some important recommendations. Az a result of action taken at the the commercial | Jeaders in practically all of the im- o= rtant cormmercial nnlom are work- ofi ‘the same general-prineiple to hsl. ereial itra- tversal o & b and sfeative instra. ment. Heard and Seen|{FIFTY YEARS AGO Amid the talk of identification by | means of finger prints it is interesting | to hear an explanation by ... J. Renoe of Leavenworth, Kan., of the way juries are convinced that the finger print ex- pert knows what he is talking about. Mr. Renoe, who is presid: International Association for ldentifica- tion, which held its annual convention here recently, believes that finger print- ing is destined to become universal. “How does the finger print expert convince the average juryman, who knows nothing of the science, that he is telling the truth when he says the finger print taken from the doorjam is identical with the finger prlnt of so- ;pot" Mr. Renoe was a ked. *That mple,” replied the finger print unrt ol e big prison at Leaven- “There are a number of simple proofs, but one of the most popular is conducted as follows: “The members of the jury are in- vited to make the impressions of their fingers while the expert is out of the room. After the impressions are taken, the expert is returned to the court, and one of the cards bear- ing the finger prints of & juryman— any juryman—is handed to him. “After a careful survey of the card, the expert is ready for the test. He starts in at one end of the jury box, examining the men's finger tips. Suddenly he holds up the hand of a jur man. ou are the man who é these prints,’ he says, pointing (o the card in his hand. *“The juryman, identifying the card by a private mark he has placed 1 ent of the IN THE STAR Antl-monarchical mcvements in England had developed occasionally in the course of sev- Bradlaugh’s cral centuries. One of “mubhc ” them reached the point of discussion fifty years ago when Charles Brad- 1augh, who figured for a long time in British politics, advocated the estab- lishment of a republic. In The Star of September 26, 1871, is the following cussion of this situation. “Charles Bradlaugh, the leader of the English radical republicans, has divul to & World correspondent the plans and expectations of his party. Bradlaugh fully expects to be Presi- dent of the British republic in 1876. He states that he is only afraid the crisis will come too soon—that he ix strong enough to pull down the mon- archy, but not strong enough to erect on its ruins a republic. According to Bradlaugh, there are two great move- ments of which he is the head—one ix the republican movement, the other the free-thought secular or infide! movement. There are now in Great Britain sixty-eight avowed republican oclubs, with an aggregate membership of 30,000 men, and it is estimated that lhere are 75,000 ardent republicans in upon it, admits he is the guilty party. | the kingdom outside of the infidel re- ‘The othéer members of the jury by | publicans. that time are generally ready to ad- There is no central or- ganization to govern these assocla mit the expert knows what he is|tions, but Bradlaugh seems to be held and. worth. 'Y a uda to ask th I 1) fires at all. ing! wagon. i talking about.” * * & The nervous janitor made his ap- pearance in Washington last week. Children disturb this janitor, ac- cording to the story of one house- wife, whose apartment is on the first floor, immediately above the jani- torial quarters. Answering a knock at the door, the mother found the janitor of the artment there. m,” he stated, “even if I am 8 janitor, I have nerves, and I want that you restrain your child from stamping and jumping around so0_much. simply can't sleep. ‘That janitor will be llklng that they put a muszle on that child next. e “Playin’ fire en‘lno"‘ How well the average man can re- member the days when he engaged in that great sport. Perhaps there are a few dl‘n(flzd gentlemen who will refuse to adm| recall t them, but the average man will them gladly. Yet it is a thing for the city that the real fire engine companies are not run upon the same rrlndnlel. or the companies never would get to the “Dh Ding!"” shouts Billle. “Get out of the way there!" “firemen,” “I'n m in fromt!" shouu c-m_ Billie. 3 n:” says Ji -n Bllm leclares the other fire- shout the as they run to the old “Crank ’er up!” comes the order. “You mustn't crank ‘er like that,” shouts the captain. *1 want in ‘Ding! Ding! Di * % Letter carriers dont ‘want to be Illtdl clerks at this season of the 'l'hey will kick, too, if the bo: wants to shorten up their route Like most things, there's a reason. Carriers come in close contact with the people of the city. They are the even only government employes that the! svaun man, woman and child meets ail: So they bufld up a good will that over- flows at Christmas time. Now you see the reason. I am told it is nothing unusual for = popular letter carrier here to get| as much as $700 in cash presents at Chrislml& 'HARLES E. TRACEWELL. as the leader. “The republican strength is made up of partisans mainly and almost wholly in towns, as ‘nothing can be Mone with the agricultural class.”’ Bradlaugh, however, asserts that the farmers will make no trouble when the revolution comes. He hopes that the revolution may not come until 1876, but says it may be precipitated at any moment—by the death of the queen, for instance, or by her being officially declared incapable of longer exercising the duties by reason of mental alienation. The republicans will not permit a regency; they will have none of the dissolute, spendthrift line of princes to rule them. “The republic must be poclaimed. The revolution need not be a violent one. Parliament is all powerful What one parliament has done an- other may undo. The reigning family holds the throne, not by what is called “divine rizht.” but by virtue of an act of parliament. Parliament may repeal this act and the republic set up peaceably. But, should .it not, it will be attained “by bloodshed.” “Bradlaugh’s republic does not seem to be altogether a wholesome one, according to American id He pro- poses to establish it on infidel 2 having no written constitution. There is positively to be no such thing as divine sanctions of law; the idea of any authority higher than man himself, which may give laws to man, is to be abrogated; whatever laws are framed are to rest solely on the authority of the majority for the time being. and not on any idea that a supreme beink has ordained certain principles of action, with which these laws are in harmony. Education is | to be wholly secular, divorced from Ill idea of duty to God. Further. Bradlaugh hints that agrarianism—a division of the land among the peo- ple—will be an indispensable feature of the revolutionary program. “It {s apparent that Bradlaugh is a | visionary, and it is quite certain that his model republic must be repugnant to the thoughts and feelings of an immense majority of the people of Great Britain; but it is not unlikely | that he has a followinz in some of ‘lhe large cities that makes him an object of some uneasiness to the gov- ernment. The large concessions | made year by year by the ruling powers to the cause of liberal reform show that they recognize the fact that if these privileges are not readily granted the people may reach | out and take them. Infidel Bradlaugh will probably never be president, Great Britain will be virtuaily a public before many years. and do in & perfectly p ful waj DIGEST OF FOREIGN PRESS English as a World Language. English is beginning to supplant, or at any rate to take an equal place with, French as ‘the language of diplomacy and of general cultivated intercourse between nations. During the war the allied and neutral na- tions, not in Europe only, but in Asla, started studying English with a se- riousness unknown before, and the result now is, in many cases, the definite substitution of English for French as the first foreign language to be taught in the schools. As evi- dence of the world-wide spread of popularity of the English language, the London Observer publishes the following interesting article on the ul\l"rlll trend of the KEnglish tong' 'rhe most striking instance of sub- stitution of English for French comes from Scandinavia,” says the article. “Both in Denmark and in Sweden Enxll-\- is now established as the foreign langusge to be taught in thl lower secondary schools, !lklnx the place of French in Denmark an of German in Sweden. In the latter case there has been opnumpn on the part of the large “ of opinion whlch is_in close sympathy with Ger- In Denmark there has been llltlo “aifficulty. 'he Obaerveru Berlin correspond- nnl recently wrote of the movement in Germany, which started in Bavaria and spread to Prussia, for the sim substitution of English for French, perhaps even for Latin and Greek, as chlef foreign language in the higher grade | schools, and for the teaching of Eng- lish in the volksschule. “The next important center of the lish culture is the near east, f QGreek Commerce Of | of the law available to honest tnderu especially aiheulties Constantinople _recently the jurlspruflnneu of many | have m{plmu ble settlement of | the Gree mercial disputes by arbitration,| had his way A in Greece and in t Gi communfties. A promine! characteristic Greek op(lnfllm, id limitations are! within three years English would d French throughout ‘world. 1f Mr. Venigelos h: English would long ago have ll(ured prominently in Greek educa “In thu Italian_secondary schools English may now be chosen, I believe. as an alternative to Germsan. Spain, Japan and China have each sent depu- tations during the last year or two to England to report on lhs possibility jcan influence uaor in the luuu of tl fiuu.—lt American ctn be sald S new Baltic states, mt.hml.. “The new Latvis and Esthonia, and the Balkan in. “An Ameri- ndon,” who has from a visit to the Btates, after many years absence, de- scribes how _ prohibition actually He finds it isn't working more drink- 8 than ten s tnru“ “another American,” who It .eeml has just traveled from. Seatt nd Ban.Fran- cisco- to Nov{ Yrtrlk. nopprl:“‘ nt.:ll the lmnulpl cities en “while is_of course possible to obtain a a ink” almost kp finds that fewer and fewer people ing. en others chi) years ag | : are taking trouble to do it. It would be very hard for a truly impartial Englishman to make up his mind amidst such a maze of con- flicting evidence, but that is mot the point. = Prohibition is being seriously discussed, and it will not be long before the cry will go up for @ referendum. Then reciprocal elec- tioneering, wrangling and intimida- tion will begin and one may confl- dently guess that it won't end until | a prohibition law has been passed. Just how long this will take is hard to say. The whisky manufacturers are on the alert already and are beginning to insinuate anti-prohibi- tion arguments into their advertis- ing. One ad reads. “Our whisky s good for you in proper quantities. We can't control your private actions, but if you drink too much, many people will blame us.” Another ad says, “Our whisky is appreciated all over the world. ‘Dry’ America buys more of it to- day than before prohibition was en- acted.” The writer has no means of check- ing the last statement, but the hint that “prohibition doesn’t Drohibit” is plain, Photography in Stone. A process which automatically sculptures your portrait in marble is the latest discovery in photography, declares a correspondent of the Lon- don Express. It is the invention of Howard Maurice Edmunds, and the early examples of marble photographs have been exhibited at the London Salon of Photography. “These early examples.,” says th: writer, “are sufficiently an achieve- ment to show that it will be possible to be photographed in stone in rellef, larger, deeper and in fuller detail than the features on a coin. “The process is simple enough for the sitter. He poses in the ordinary Ad | way before an ordinary camera. The secret lies in a sort of magic lantern. which, by means of a screen, projects an intricate pattern of regular curved lines on his face. These appear on the negative, waved and distorted by the features, “The remainder of the process is akin to the production of a grapho- phone record. An enlargement is made on opal glass, and a pointer— connected with a drill set on a block of marble—passed over the lines. A= the pointer moves, the mechanism is ®0 arranged that the drill cuts slight- ly or deeply, and eventually the feu- tures appear in the stone.” A upon and these < < o the present. status, of the arbitration parties must be BETRR LEE GO UL | states, eapecially Jugoslavis end Ru. Lenin Admits Failure. fidue the points at issue and to Fender | manis, are setting up Eneish Sobs The following are extracts from a a ,“.Q decision. (c) The )snmu to the| and calling for Illl ooat rombmon letter said to have been sent by Lenin. ute mun n 6 beforehand to| It 18 undenlnbtu A ’url sly | the Russian dictator, to a friend, and legal au- .ntd by ® Gecision . rendered. | is_beginning to ver; ously ! published in the Paris Matin, in which -now. being .reviewed by a legal Bu The rbitrators’ dectsion must be discusesaiin’ o S momhod | he, admits the failure of bolshevism: ‘nority in New York prominently en orcible. W years ago 1t Wi e et | A8 for myself, I am worn out. mouuxoa with the subject of cammer=|"y . 1 "on, or more Of these ”m" aov one now n |l ne : T8 of | Byery day 1 feel it more and more. cial arbitration. O One O hany countries dif- | every shade of opinioh GIVIng MmEcy | My nerves are no longer the same. A J. oH, chitet of the division of |y " Befora commercial arbitration space to discussions of the Pros and | The incapacity of the people around iaw, points out that.ar- | C¢T FE RN, commorcial disputes ¢ this disoussion | ™€, And _the bourgeols tendencies, bitration has beén practiced -lnu the | Q ecome a universally employed A good deal 'o -‘ scuss :n which are gnawing away and de- earliest dus of -.nthuny The laws | 00, 00 tor umln: fuch disputes, | takes the form of letters from read- | compoaing the organism of the party. ‘taken cognizance | UL ork must be done;. although A prohibitionist writes in.|are getting more and more op my ve genérally encoursged | o sontiment of the business com- qnatln‘l lct of cri tatistics from | nerves. trade organisations -have |y unity s overwhelmingly in favor America. “anti” -counters the | #“Governmental work in the form adopted arbitration for disputes &ris«; o pisration wwherever th n{a subject has| next day, "”‘"‘t that the state in|applied by us is imposaible. For three ‘between their mémbers and have roperly unferstoo uestion had gone drv long before | years I hesitated without being able blmua elaborate provisions: foP{ ‘Tne Ghamber of Commem of the a Ry ey H.l:"t.!;:;. ‘“e:m::or:; zos r:ckm:;v;adtfh to }ny:‘olls that wo th figu! wrong—tha loptes | United States has pertected praciica erroneous methods. But now, when I have beforse me the results of our activity, I must acknowledge that I was wrong—that I valued too highly the forces of the party and those of the Russian peasant and workman. “In a word, the Russian peasant and workman have betrayed their inter- ests, The party has betrayed itself, thanks to its tameness and its servile psychology, which has checkmated revolutionaly dash and has stopped half-way the development of revo- lutionary psychology. For a long time now I have recognized the immi- noe of compromise. Without it vu shall no longer be able to exist.™