Evening Star Newspaper, January 23, 1921, Page 57

MAGAZINE The Sunday Star. SECTION Part 4—6 Pages Former Occupant ®BUCHAN.N SHARED HONORS WITH GROVER CLEVELAND AS A NIMROD.” S the 4th of March approaches, bringing into the White House a new President and a new first lady of the land, the public attention is not only focused intensively upon Mr. and Mrs. Warren G. Harding, but also upon their pred- ecessors down the line throughout the 132 years of national history. Each presidential inauguration calls forth a wealth of historical research and recollections bearing upon the lives, deeds and characteristics of those who have stood before the world as the pnational leaders of the great American democracy. ‘While history gives much of their public life, it is almost meager in the details of personal tastes and im its records of the methods of re- laxation through which they all must have at some time or other sought relief from the duties, the formalities and the pitiless limelight imposed by their position. George Washington, judged by the ™o radical of- modern standards. was a thorough all-round sporting man. From his own letters, diaries and business records, it is developed that he loved horseracing, foxhunt- ing, fishing. cockfighting, cardpiay- ing. dancing. farming and speculating of all kinds, His cnjoyment of good horseraces was repeatedly evidemced by his trips to Philadelphi-__by horse- back and by coach to witness races, as well as by thé fact that he some- times entered his own horses. * * ¥ % MRS WASHINGTON, social leader and devotee to fashion and pleasure in her early life, developed into a good business woman When her husband's death threw the man- agement of a large estate upon her shoulders, and after the revolution began she became a ministering angel to the suffering soldiery, and at Val- ley Forge evi idle minute was de- | voted to the knitting of stockings. | This habit, acquired when Knitted hosiery meant So much comfort to the half-starved, poorly fed patriots, was her constant amusement and solace in later years. Even Wwhen presiding_over the presidential man- sions in New York and Philadelphia she always wore a little reticule on her arm, which held her yarns, needles and a half-finished stocking tucked away for the chance moment that | would give her an opportunity to make a few stitches. Like the other chatelaines of great | plantations of her day., Mrs. Wash- |ington was versed in the arts of | nursing and skilled in the concoction ‘of the herb tonics and remedies in which ‘g0 much faith was placed. In- deed, her first trip to Valley Forge was to carry a huge stock of medici- nal stores, as well as the supplies of food, bedding and other material with which her pack horses were laden. Not only did this queenly woman set the example for her successors in establishing a dignified social regime that bore the critical scrutiny of for- eign powers. but she likewise set the pace for their conduct under war con- ditions, which‘thsse who have found themselves forced to meet have most ably followed. Mrs. John Adams was a New Eng- lander 2nd a wonderful housekeeper and manager. Poverty had, taaught her in its most comprehensive school. Unlike many women of lesser ambi- tion and mental power, she did not let the limitations and privations of poverty destroy her grasp of affairs nor curb her development. Her pet fancy was to write lgln‘ and vitally interesting letters, rich in description and intimate detail, to her host of relatives and friends, giving them brief glimpses of her travels and ex- periences. Much of what is now pre- served as record of Adams’ work abroad is due to his wite's letters. Jefferson loved to tinker with car- penters tools, always keeping a set in his desk. While President he had lthem always at hand in his office. WASHINGTON, D. C, SUNDAY MORNING, JANUARY 23, 1921 s of White House Possessed Many Ki He Went to Market Himself and Carried Home His Purchases—Mrs. Wash- ington Was Skilled in the Concoction of Herb Tonics, While Her Husband's Par- ticular Hobby Was a Good Horse Race—Van Buren's Fondness for a Carriage of Royal Magnificence—Buchanan and Cleveland Were Nimrods—Lincoln’s Choice of Reading Matter andl Roosevelt's Love y 3 of Outdoor Sports. This, with gardening experiments, his violin and his mocking bird, help- ed him pass many lonely hours. * k% * \‘IRS, MADISON'S main idea in life - seems to have beenthat of hav- ing a good time, wearing pretty clothes and being popular. Her real fad was the possession of quantities of fancy turbans, gay slippers and jewelry. No more admirad or popular| hostess ever presided in the White cultivation of roses. Some few va- rieties, among them the “Madison Meadows.” remain today to rival the “Nellie Custis” bush at Mount Ver- non in beauty and age. For many years Monroe was the only “literaty fellow” to land in the White House. He was a bookworm and wrote voluminously, spending much of his salary in the publication of his writings. When he left the White House, though poor in money, he was rich in fame. Mrs. Monroe was noted for. her fine | mand among her young acquaint- ances. EE AN BUREN'S fondness for the el- egancies and luxuries of life and his disposition to ostentation trought down the ire of Congress upon his head, and this divergence from the principles of the democracy of his day is said to have cost him his re-electiog. Still queerer than his predilection to ride about in a turn- “4ONE OF HIS FAVORITE SPORTS WAS TENNIS.” Sy House, and though she spent & thou- sand dollars a year on turbans and fully as much on her foatwepr, she was actively interested in'the ‘worthy philanthropies of the day,for thistory tells us that she gave $20 and a cow toward the establishment of the city's first orphanage. » While Mistress Dolly played cards and was a society favorite, her hus- taste in art and her normal functions, introducing, as she did, French cook- ery and French manners in the estab- lishment under her rule. With the advent of John Qulncy Adams, Washington saw the most cul- tured and gifted men of the nation flock to the capital. In Mrs. Adams’ brilliant social gatherings they found congenial companionship. She, like her gifted mother-in-law, also had band devoted his odd moments to the ithe letter-writing fancy and delight- BIRD RESERVATION IS HALF SIZE OF RHODE ISLAND BY HERSCHEL BRICKELL. HE most extensive sanctuary for wild life in the United States and the largest of its kind in the world has been established in Louisiana. Designed especially as a hayen for migratory and domestic birds, a tract of land embracing 224,000 acres has been set aside as a perpetual reservation, and plans are already under way Which will result eventually in the addition of sufficlent land to increase the size of the preserve to 300 square miles, with a frontage of seventy-five miles on the Gulf of Mexico. On November 8 deeds were signed in the office of ti tion commissioner w. state in fee simple %9.300 acres in_extent; the Chenier tract, 85000 acres. and the Ward-Fcllhenny tract, 60.000 acres. The state is already acquiring land adjoining these tracts, with thé as surance that at least 320,000 acres will be acquired. Nowhere in this country project of this magnitude for the Preservation of wild life been un @ertaken, and only in South Africa, Where the British government has set aside large tracts as reservations, can its equal be found. In South Africa, however, little care is given the birds and beasts, while Louisiana game wardens and experts in wild fife will look after both, with es- pecial attention to rare species. * x % % The plan for the reservation had sts inception in the mind of Edward Avery Mcllhenny, and he has lived to see its compiete fruition, to b present the deeds were sign, 2nd to lend his expert aid to the Forking out of a system of Drotec- tion for the creatures that _seek refuge in this great sanctuary. Years ago Mr. Mclihenny ‘and a friend of his, Marsh Island, has a Charles Willls Ward, vho was visiting him at his home in Soomiltion parish. talked over the proposition of setting aside a tract of wild lané as a haven for birds and the smaller mammals, Wwhich were threatened with extinction through their uncontrolled slaughter by mar- ket hunters and trappers. The result of this establishment was the setting aside of the Ward-Mcllhenny tract of 40.000 acres. Control of this reservation was given to Commissioner Alexander. who held the same office he holds today, with the suggestion that 15,000 acres be used as a game farm. Commissioner Alexander fell in with the plan readily, and, with the aid of Ward and McTlhenny, the tract was put into operation as a shelter for birds, par- ticuiarly the migratory species, which had for generations found a comfort- able home in the bayous and marshes of the region. P So successful was the operation of the reservation in increasing the number of birds and in saving rare jes_from being wiped m{ that .ur. McIlhenny decided to makg a trip urther " 430 New York and try to gain Grand | support for his project. In the late Mrs. Russell Sage he found a willing helper. A lifelong lover of bir Mrs. Sage saw in the Louisiana man’s Pplan a chance to do a great deal to- ward conserving the bird life not only of Louisiana, but of the many states from whose' borders birds fly each fall to seek refuge in the warmer climate. Marsh Island, 79,300 acres in extent, lying in the Gulf of Mexico off the icoast of lberia, St. Mary and Ver- imilion parishes, its northern and east- ern shores forming East Cote, West !Cote and Vermilion bays, waters i{famous as the haunts of migratory jwild fowl during the winter months, {was purchased by Mrs- Sage, and its jcare given over to Commissioner Alex- lander. Mrs. Sage aided financially in ithe administration of the preserve, it, together with the nearby ,Ward-Mcllhenny ftract, soon became the undisturbed home of untold num- bers of birds and animals. Mr. Mcllhenny next went to the Rockefeller Foundation and asked for n appropriation for the purchase of |another tract. known as the Grand {Chenier, and consisting of §5.000 acres on the mainland adjoining the Ward- |Mcllhenny reservation, and close to i Marsh Island. Despite the fact that the Rackefeller Foundation had never werved before from its avowed in- ention of deyoting all its energies !and money to the cause of education, the appropriation was made, and the !Grand Chenier tract was purchased and turned over at once to Commis- |sioner Alexander. *x Xk % ¥ Marsh Island and Grand Chenier ’hlve been under the care of the com- missioner for six years and so suc- icessful has been their operation that !when it was proposed that the state take them over, along with the Ward- Mcllhenny tract, the trustees of the Rockefeller and Russell Sage found- atians expressed a willingness to turn them over in fee simple, asking only as a guarantee that they be used in perpetuity as reservations. A clause in the deed of gift provides that in the event of discovery of min- erals or oil on the preserve, mines or wells must be operated so as to cause a minimum of disturbance to the birds and animals, and profits accruing from such enterprises must be used to further the protection of wild life. I more money Is made from this source than i3 needed for its original purpose, it is to be devoted to edu- cation or public health in the state. In all the development of the project, Mr. McIlhenny and Commis- sioner Alexander have had the active co-operation of John M. Parker, present Governor of Loulsiana. In his present office Gov. Parker will assist |Commissioner Alexander in extending jthe reservation and in furnishing a full measure of protection for its denizens. Commissioner Alexander said re- cently that the reservation would un- doubtedly form the greatest bird sanc- tuary in the world. While the pro- | tection of mammals is of secondary ’impor(lnce in the project, it is recog- nized that many of the smaller spe- by i i i cies will be saved.from extjaction the opportunity afforded them to es- cape from pot-hunters and trappers. In the sheltered bays that surround Marsh Island and on the winding dayous and small lakes that ane found over all the vast area of the reservation, water fowl of scores of species are today. finding refuge. There the blue goose, a species that was on the verge of extinction a few years ago, is found in large flocks, feeding unmolested after its long Journey each fall from Labrador, where it nests. * k% % Mallards by the thousands, teal, both blue and green winged; coots, pintails and scaups, find a haven there, and their winters are undisturbed periods of rest, for no hunter's gun sends them into a panic as they fly in their peculiar formations over the wide stretches of marsh and bay. In other days before the tract was set aside as @ haven for these south- ern visitors, their winters were any- thing but pleasant, for the pot-hun- ter was ever in pursuit, and the roar of his eight and ten-gauge guns brought death to untold thousands ©f them, particularly to the mallards, most highly esteemed ¢f the wild ducks for the market. Not content with shooting the ducks on the wing and taking a reasonable kill each day, the pot-hunters slaugh- | tered the birds while they were feed- ing quietly, and so0 plentiful were they that their dead bodies were used as bait for traps set to catch pos- sums, coons, otter, muskrat, mink and other small fur-bearing animals, which will now share with the birds the protection of the reservation. In addition to the ducks and geese, ithe reservation today gives shelter to many rare and interesting water fowl, such as the Florida gallinule. whose name, although it has the sound of jabberwocky and other such mythical ~creatures, megns nothing \more than “little chicken.” Known colloquially as water hen, the purple gallinule is more common. The anhinga, or American snake bird, is_another of the water fowl that finds shelter In the reservation. Anhinga is about the size of a heron, bnt has a shorter bill. He.is supposed to make the lives of copperhead moc- casins and other snakes unhappy. Of great importance in connection with the reservation iy the protection of the snowy herons, or egrets, from which the aigrette of commerce is obtained. During the past few years the high price of algrettes has brought death to millions of these birds. and in order to increase their numbers, a carefully supervised heronry is maintained’ on Ave: Island, a part of the Ward-Mcllhenny tract, where the birds are-given full | protection during the nesting season. The aigrettes. which grow on the lower part of the bodies of the herons. reach their full beauty during the breeding season. .’ he snowy heron iz, s its name indicates, & pure white, &hd. is & very handsome bird, especially when the Eraceful aigrettes adorn fts slender ody. |ed her friends with rare epistles on her experiences. But she also made many translations of French books, since she was a talented French She was | father’s love of fishing and swimming, and it was his custom to slip down to the Potomac river while President in scholar, for their pleasur® likewise a musician of considerable attainment. Her husband had his the early morning and freshen up with a plunge. In Andrew Jackson the White House contained a wrestler and boxer. Wres- tling matches were always agreeable to the intrepid fighter, and he also enjoyed horse racing and horse trad- ing. The dicker made with Commo- dore Rodgers, through which a lot upon which the Shubert-Belasco The- ater now stands was exchanged for an :mpflrl!fl Jjackass, is an historical act. Though Mrs. Jackson never came to the White Hause, she was famous in Tennessee for her story telling gitts, Her reminiscences of frontier life agd Indian escapes were ever in de- 4 out of royal magnificence was his habit of now and then writing the most scathing criticisms of himself, concealing his identity under a ficti- tious name, and paying extravagantly to get them published, just to see how his friends and adherents would act. William Henry Harrison and Presi- dent Arthur must both be remembered for their epicurean tastes. Harrison’s famous dinners in his log cabin home on the Wabash were known to the Pacific coast. During his_brief life |in Washington he frequently went to |market and carried home his pur- chases. President Arthur was a connoisseur {of wines, and it was a matter of per- |sonal pride for him to see that his | dinners were models of propriety, that |the correct wine glasses, flowers, china, table linen, etc., were all used and that the menu left nothing to be desired. So far as record and tradition go, there was but one practical joker President—Zachary Taylor—for . was always planning some joke upon| were the handiwork of the Presi-|children. his friends. When Millard Fillmore came into the White House he brought along as its chatelaine a_lady wnose vookisi tastes did much for the mansion, Through her efforts Congress appro- priated $5,000, and she was permitred to install in the President’s palace the first library. Using the\oval room | seum its finest collection of animal Dsrrh!or aid.” on the second floor for this purpose, she also put her daughter’s harp and :l“l"” into it, and her informal musi- .1y enoyed. During their time Jenny nd literary gatherings were high- |Lind_was here and paid a visit 0 the White House, where she san. Mrs. Polk, remembered for her beau- ty, optimism and vivacity, was yet un- alterably opposed to dancing and never permitted it in the White House while she presided. She was also unique in being the first woman sec- |retary to a president, having imposed this upon herself as a labor of love. Pierce devoted himself to philan- thropies, and gave liberally to insii- tutions and projects that enlisted his sympathies. With the coming of Tyler, another agriculturist assumed the duties and responsibilities of statesmanship. His hobby was peaches. Buchanan shared honors with Grover Cleveland as a nimrod. Cleveland, however, combined fishing with his hunting. One waggish admirer figured out that through one hundred hunt- ing trips President Cleveland in his first administration exterminated over 4,000 ducks, * Kk % ¥ RESIDENT LINCOLN found solace in reading, using humorous stories as an antidote for the terrible melan- cholia the carnage of the -war made habitual with him. After reading a comical story to his cabinet one time just prior to acquainting them with his emancipation proclamation, he told them that if he did not laugh he would die. x All historians agree that Mrs. Lin- coln's hobby was social honors. If ever a man had difficulty in find- ing his true niche of usefulness in the world, that man was Gen. U. 8. Grant. Having made a failure of several at- tempts at making a competence, he tried military pursuits; and once he got an opportunity to give rein to his military knowledge and intuition he swept the land of war and himself into the presidency on the support of the admirers of his military prowess. When not studying strategic maneu- vers for an army or wrestling with state problems, he played I;:llla.rfls and rode horsel 3 Mrs. Grant had a home-making girt, and a genial home atmosphere was infused into all of the functions of state. She also started the cus- tom of having the ladies of the cab- inet, Supreme Court and Congress assemble in the drawing room with her to make the receptions more en- tirely government affairs. 5 The Hayes administration stands oct alone, clear and distinct through the years of the past, for Mrs. Hayes took a stand that no one else had ever assumed befors, and ohe that juired considerable personal cour- age to maintain. She banished all' wines from the mansion and would not permit the use of them at any function or for any purpose during her regime. Neither criticism nor praise could move her in her de- termination to set the precepts of prohibition before the people of the country. Mrs. Hayes was of a bright. happy temperament. Sunday was observed with religious care, and along with her love of books was a passion for flowers. A botanist of more than amateur pretensions, she gave ex- pression to her love of wild flowers by endeavoring to perpetuate the colors, growth, form, etc, of the flora of the United States on her china, and the set of dishes she ordered for the White House was therefore one of the most original and distinctive in design of any that has ever been bought for it. Her husband's chief amusements were riding horseback and raising chickens, and he ‘also en- but she was also the only “Lady of the White House” to join her hus- band in horseback rides. If President Taft had a hobby be- | sides his love for music, which was but natural in view of Mrs. Taft's unusual talent in that respect, it wa. traveling. In_this his wife shared his interest. He was, and still is, an ardent golfer. Mrs. Taft's love of music and her efforts in behalf of musical artists are too well known to relate. So. also, are remembered her feats of social leadership and her remark- able housekeeping skill. All the world knows President Wil- son’s love of golf and his literary attainments, and also the dchieve- nds of Odd Hobbies OR Instance, William Henry Harrison Took Special Pride in His Dinners, So | “HARRISON FREQUENTLYjJWENT TO MARKET AND CARRIED HOME HIS PURCHASES.” ments of his first wife in art and philanthropy. What is not so well known, perhaps. ig that the present Mrs. Wilson has devoted a lifetime to church and charity work and is a prominent clubwoman. Mus. Harding has always been one of the rare women who could and did_combine the ability to be both a clever, successful business woman, who achieved her goal and at the same time showed herself to be a home-maker of the most feminine type. Talented, with a keen sense of humor, as well as the mental grasp to be 'the companion and adviser . her husband, she presents to th world today one of the highest typ:< of American woman. Numerous Relics of John Brown at H F you would look on houses, land- scapes and relics associated with John Brown of Osawatomie, the militant abolitionist. who created such a sensation in the years just be- fore the civil war, you should go to the “John Brown farm” in Maryland, six miles north of Harpers Ferry, to the old city of Harpers Ferry and to Charles Town, which is about seven miles up the Shenandoah valley from “the ferry.” At the “Join Brown farm.” a place Brewn rented, he gathered his followers and planned his attack on the United States arsenal at Ferry: at Harpers Ferry he captured the arsenai and held it until the arrival of troops from Washington under command \of Capt. Robert E. Lee, and taking up a position in the brick fire engine house of the arsenal held off the troops until he and his small body of men were over- powered. The attack on the arsenal was made during the night of October 17, At Charles Town Brown was hanged from a scaffold set up in a field on December 2, 1859, and four of his men, Cook and Coppoc, white, and Cope- joyed poking about old shops and |land and Green, colored, were hanged stores curios. * k k% in search of antiques and |from the same scaffold, December 16, |g;q 1859. Stevens and Hazlett, white, two more of John Brown's raiders, were hanged from that scaffold March 16, ITH the coming of President Mc- 3 r illed i ‘Washington’s love of knitting, for |arsenal. // “PRESIDENT LINCOLN FOUND SOLACE IN READING.” lHrs. McKinley made this her chief pastime, and countless charities and church projects received donations of knitted articles, which were sold at fabulous prices because they dent’s invalld wife. Thodgh there had been hunters who came to the presidency in the past, none of them ever could claim such distinction in this sport as Col. Roosevelt—cowboy, soldler, and world traveler. This hobby of his has given to the National Mu- skins. He also enjoyed horseback riding and tennis. Mrs. Roosevelt has the distinstion of being known not enly as a writer and profound student of philosophy, * x * % ‘When the body of John Brown was cut down it was placed in a casket hich George Saddler, undertaker, of Charies Town, had made from walnut. The casket was then inclosed in a rough outer case and taken to the jail. Thence the remains were taken to Harpers Fer- ry and turned over-to Brown's widow, who conveyed to his home at North Essex cofinty, N. Y., which had been his home before he and his sons went to Kansas. The remains of Brown’s men killed In the fighting at the arsenal. and two of those hanged at Harpers Ferry. were also buried at North Elba. The monument at the graves is a bowlder bearing a copper plate which gives the names of tweive men buried with Brown there. These are two of his sons, Watson and Oliver Brown; William and Dauphin Osgood Thompson, John H. Kagl Albert Hazlett, Jeremiah G. Anderson, Lewis S. Leary, Dangerfield Newby, Seward | | Taylor, Aaron D. Stevens and William H. Leeman. The hquse which Brown rented in; Maryland near Harpers Ferry is still standing. Children of some of the old settlers in that neighborhood remember came to be called John Brown's Fort, after being taken down and Te- built at other places, has been rebuilt in the grounds of Storer College at Har- pers Ferry. The scaffold was brought to Washington and stored in a big ware- house on 15th street, and in 1892 the story told was that it was being taken to the world fair at Chicago for public ex- hibition. Its timbers are probably still xistence. I here are several John Brown relics in the National Museum, and every | day groups of men and women, most- | iy strangers in Washington, gather about them and studv them. althonugh | deeply interested. One of the relics | is a John Brown pike. It is a knife- like spearhead about ten inches long ! and three inches wide at its base. It} points a wooden shaft about six feet Jong. The descriptive card attached: to the relic says that it is one of 1,000 | pikes made by Blair of Collinsville, Conn., for the use of John Brown in his raid into Virginia in 1859, and that this pike was picked up at the engine house after it had been cap- fured by Capt. R. E. Lee and his com- mand of United States Marines, Octo- ber 17, 1859. There also is a walking stick, or “wooden cane” which be- longed ta John Brown, and which the deseriptive card says was found in Harpers Ferry after the raid. )y * % ¥ ¥ John Brown had a family of twenty Two sons, Watson and Oliver, were hanged at Harpers Ferry. A few years ago eastern newspapers printed 2 dispatch from Topeka, Kan., which sald that “crippled and desti- surviving sen of John Brown of Os: watomie, has appealed to Gov. Cap- at son was imon Brown, who went to Kansas when he was eighteen years old and fought in the border wars with his father. His shoulder was shattered by\s bullet in the bat- him; the brick fire engine house which h ito come from the Latin arpers Ferry tle of Black Jack, Mi 18, 1598, ani it was probably becausc of !hat jury that Salmon was nof with father at Harpers Ferry. Salmon and his wife emigrated to Orezor #ud the appeal to Gov. Cappner was they were win{t lnthrllL nd, and e 3 ‘was reporte the €im¢ that the wife, sevi geyen. yrars oid. w working *2¥ & sewiig woman in dressmaking “"shop.” to _supp and husband, It was three or four ago that the press in the ea: rried th item: “The long-expected death of Miss Sarah Brown, youngest but on¢ of the twenty children of John Brown of Kansas and Virginia, took plac: at the home of her younger sister Mrs. Fablingér, at Campbell, Calif. the last day of June and her public funeral took place in Saratoga. Calir . Where she had long resided. She had carried on a small fruit farm un- til a cancerous malady sent her to the hospital some years ago and d. prived her of the use of those in- dustrous hands which were never idl. in any good work. Had she lived un til September 11 she would have beer seventy years old—more rs time of his execution g in _Virgin en Sarah was but twelve year Names Older Than History. TBE names of precious stones reac! 80 far back in the depths of time that thelr original meaning cannot be traced. This is true of the word “em- erald.” So far as seems to be known. it is a derivative or a variant of a Sanskrit word meaning a precious stone, but no doubt the people who spoke Sanskrit gave it the name be- cause of something which the stone meant to them. It may have been igiven this name because of its color, its hardness, its rarity or because of something “which it symbolized, It may be that the ancient and sacred language of India adopted the word from some older language and that in the long association between the stone and its nathe the first signif- icance of the name had been lost. The Greeks adopted the word “emer- ald” and it seems to have had no other significance to them than to us, being merely the name by which oné might identify a particular stone. The same condition is found in the case of the word “opal.” It meant to the Greeks a’ particular and beauti- ful stone. Distinguished students of anguage can but conjecture what the word “opal” meant in the beginning of its use. It may have been some ancient word signifying a multitude of colors, or a peculiar iridescent luster, but that is mere guessing. The word “diamond” is sought to be explained as meaning “something ex- ceedingly hard which may be seen through,” and is said to have been formed ‘of the Greek words “dia.” “through,” and “ada- mant,” which stands for extreme hardness. Tt is fairly plausible, but it is probable that the word “dia- mond” or something like it may be found in a language older than Greek. “Pearl” is thought by some writers “pirula,” meaning “a little pear,” because S0 many fine pearls were pear-shaped. “Ruby” is thought to have been So- called from “ruber.” the Latin for “red” but it may be that the word “ruber.” meaning red, was derived from the namc ot the ruby. which means A Forgotten Fact. C H. GUSTAFSON, president of the * Nebraska Farmers' Union, sald in Lincoin the other day: “If the Nebraska farmer can only get 48 cents a bushel for his un- shucked corn it will pay him better to burn corn fuel instead of coal. “The. farmer is maligned if he tries to get u good price for his crops. but the mouths that malign him feed off him. That fact is often forgotten. “A preacher took a Nebraska farm- writer | tute, nearly eighty years old, the last|er to task for complaining about the corn market. “<Jahn, John' he said, ‘remember, that Providence cares for all of us." Why, John, think—even the birds of the air are provided for.’ *“‘Yes, off my crops.’ says John, and he hegved a rock viclously at a floek of crows.” 4