Evening Star Newspaper, January 23, 1921, Page 32

2 THE SUKDAY STAR, JANUARY 23, 1921—-PART 2 THE YNNG AR, e vacming s snd sirs i aows v wie s | POLITICS AT HOMB|Children’s Room of Public Library [HEARD AND SEEN|FIFTY YEARS AGO IN permit revocitions can be imppsed as WASHINGTON, D. C. |a corrective much more effectively. _This is-one ‘of the essentials of a SUNDAY.......Jajuary 23, 1931 téaffic court. ,The centralization of THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..RBditor [the records can and should be sup- plemented by the issuance of license The Evening Star Newspaper Company | cards upon which records can be writ- too rapidly, jumping the track at & curve. There are several of these dangerous grades in the city which cars have raced with ‘Two months ago the names of Sen- less disastrous results. Certainl e | ator Lodge, Senator Xnox and Senator public safety demands & higher #tid- | New figured prominently in cabinet e Bayard and Carlisle, Popular Place With Junior Business Office. 11th 8t.. enmylvania Ave. [ ten -of all, viglations and arrests. A e D e n® menk Building, | Person found driving without his card Kuropean Office: 3 Regent 8t., [padon, England. |'should be subject to some penalty, The Bvents he :'““” ‘meraing perhaps. after warning. A person ar- edition, ig dell reiers within the fl'! rested fhould have the fact duly in- ?m-h: Susday -lg:& efi'-‘u g: X . 5 E|: :crl:)ed upon the car(:. twfhe;x tnke: ore ele Mal he station h ha imme- m...t"ol ufln_' is -.d-.l D‘J c.nm- t o s onaonee ag ead of each menth. diately becomes known to be verified by reference ‘to the headquarters rec- Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. {ords, with perhaps other information. Maryland and Virginia. All these proceedings are to the Daily and Sunday..1 yr.,'$8.40; 1 mo., 70¢ | point of making Washington's streets Daily only .. 15r., $6.00; {\mo»- g& safe, Traffic rules should be written 15T, $3.40: 1m0 BOC | 13 enforced for thelr positive effect these mishaps wholly avoidable, . If brakes are good, if sand i3 dlwivs available, if motormen are careful, there 1s no occasion whatever for these jumps and bumps. The Public Utilities Commission should conduct a. searching inquiry into this' accident and should then take steps td insure the permanent correction of any faults that may be found' in the operating systems of the traction companies that might by any possibility lead to its repetition. Star, with et Funday only All Other States. z e AT Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ and not as a means of makmgv ar- qukiuin Offices. Daily only 1yr., $7.00;1mo., 60c [rests or swelling the records. Wash- Miich ‘diacum od Sunday only yr., $3.00; 1mo., 28¢ | ington prays Toy the day when the ucl iscussion has been arous by the proposal to prohibit smoking in the government departments. It is pointed out that a provision of law that has been drafted will not abate the danger of fire wholly, inasmuch as it refers to bulldings owned by the government, whereas a large per- centage of government offices are in rented structures. This, of course, is easily cured by the use of the phraze “owned or occupied.” Be that as it may, the question still- stands whether the United States should make non- smoking a stipulation of government service and also whether it should ap- ply to every pergon in the entire serv: ice from top to bottom. Under the terma of such a statute all callers to the government buildings would have to stop smoking before entering. This would affect the executive offices as well ‘as the Post Office:or the Interior Department. It would apply to the Capitol, in point of fact. Of course, it may be in contemplation in fram- ing the law to draw a distinction be- tween the legislative and executive branches, or perhaps to draw the line between the actual legislators and the congressional clerks. These points are suggeated merely to show the difficulties in the way of a non.smok- ing statute. In respect to the proposal that certain rooms be set aside in the departments for smoking purpose, to be used in the ‘“rest hours," it has been' pointed out that in most of the offices there are no such hours. This, of course, could be cbviated by putting all the departments on a uniform basis. Certainly as long as there is no ban there will be smoking. And quite as surely if there is a ban there will be surreptitious smoking, and there may be more danger in the lat- ter than in the open practice. One definite means of lessening the risk is to clear away all trash and fire- making materials. There will still remain the waste baskets, and this goes to show that the problem of re. ductng the government's fire risk is Police books will show no arrests for ‘Whom the Gods Would Destroy. |traffic viclations, all street users uni- It it was a mad Germany which formly, automatically and_ sincerely plunged the world into the most de- [Obeylng every rule. structive war of all time, it is appar- ent that the war did not cure the Ger- nny". Again in the Market. mans of their madness. More buyers from inland cities are In a cable dispatch published on an- |, Ny york today than at any time other page of teday's Star, Maxlle, ' o ih it s reported, and pre- milian Harden; the ome German|g.i,ng of g substantial business re- journalist whom the kaiser coyld mot | .o\ "o oo spting seem likely to/be awe into proclaiming falsehoods, |, iq1105 ghelves of merchants are paints a picture of conditions in fler; more generally empty than they have many and of the German attitude of |, .\, ;n 3 1ong time, and though this "“;“’mc:;g:";:: ;; o O e | condition has been accomplished in - ingtances by a sacrifice of pro- to ameliorate In any degree the harsh- [0 M ;‘ e bl e oges ol {he) e ot ed":‘;'m‘; ‘e |aition and promises well for the PeRCO (e, X future. cause the allies think their own inter-|“IWe L r recent ests will be best served thereby: GeT-| g ooy have demonstrated that the many's course certainly does not make | . 1o pave the means of buying and for easier terms through sympathy. |, .'1eaqy o buy when satisfied that Harden tells a story of natlonal de-| ;o 5 fair. It is mot to be ex- ceit and wantonness almost unbelleV-| g tha¢ there will be soon another able. Crat and lies, he 2275, 810 E'OF | perjoq of reckless and heedless buy- ified as patriotie service, and WS | ing, such as followed aigning of the hungry, unclad children beg for bread |, ;¢;0c and that there should be van amy of efficiale, undreamed In |, "y, o0 tning to b desired. But kaiser times, draw salarles. Vast sums |, . poonie have many - wants which are spent for champagne, needless| ... ,;qied, the filling of which i ‘;22:“;:‘;“"::::;::: will make for a broad and substantial d ! prosperity. Zeaste thun Betara i wat: 4 the| At this particular time, therefore, It is not difficult to understand the |} j eagential that there should be un- Resctiouycausediio lth : wnd.l .‘:‘: derstanding and fair-mindedness on Uity Frencly pecple DR SIE S & the part of both buyer and seller. Any of affairs. They are bearing a heavy | gyioppt 1o jack prices and profts burden of taxation for restoration Of|acy up to the level of a year ago is the devastated regins, while the Ger |54 o bo met by another “buyer's mans, whose duty it is to restore these strike” resulting in stagnation and reglons, squander their wealth and| o yuany in enforeed lquidation ana clain they: cannet, pay. s-“""; SO 10sses. The buyer, on his part, must O e et mniatry ooatt vem. | 0L xpect tp. continue to buy at i e e rom | pri¢es ;which o not leave the mer- ody i, /ot g0 e ey Pred oo | chant a margin'of profit. It is to the e m m":‘:‘::,":e;“: ingerest of the consurper that the mer- :l,;m last attempt 4t Triendly and |SHRE Should Teap. a ‘fair reward for : understanding. Fhiling auch [ 0¥, SeFyice hieirendefs, just as It ia SrRed to “the merchant that the manufac- aa understanding be apparently fore- turer should be adequately recom- - : e . pensed. Na ong group can prasper |bard to solve. 3 permanently through the loases of an. Losdastone oliimid Senator Curtis. . other; and with recognition of this| Mr. Charles M. Schwab did not cols Semator Curtis’ selection as vice |fact -all' that is needed is a general chatrman of the republican caucus is | spirit of fairdealing and confidence a highly merited hondr bestowed upon | that such'a spirit’ exists. * one of the most efficlent members of e the upper branch of Conmgress. Mr. An Imporfent Post. Curtis is in point of experience one Manila: 6 g of the congressianal YRMans,-though | «ig,yerhor ‘General ¥vicls Barton T etonn yeurs i toa Tioase oo | iy Sha, he Wil Jemes”tha. Ewiipe served sixteen years in the-House con- lay e = tinuousty when he was seat tothe Sen- |BI0°G (2" iaE T 15" Via the Bue ate in 1907 to fill an/unespired term, | cansl and London.” and elected at the same: time to flll| The governor generalship of the the full term immediately. thereafter. | Philippines has.always been an im- He was deprived of a smcoessive re-{portant post. Our appearance in the . election by a peculisrity’ of the law, |islands was an event in that part of ‘which, despite his receiptof the popu- |the world, and the necessity for carry- 1ar vote for the nomihation, prevented | ing ourselves there with as much suc- his candidacy under the' districting|cess as possible perfectly plain. plan. Two ye later, ‘however, he| Ip this appralsement of the situa- was elected to another full term, which | tion President McKinley sent Mr. Taft will close on the 4th of March, Inifrom the federal bench at Cincinnati November last he was re-elected by @ |to the scene, and Mr. Taft acquitted large majority, so that in March he|himself so well he earned and Tre- will begin another period of six years |ceived promotion to the War Depart- in senatorial service, which, when com- | ment here at home. And he passed pleted, will give him a record of more | from . the War Department’ to the than eighteen years in that body in|presidency. lect the dollar a year that was due him for his services to the government during the war. There would be less anxieties in the minds: of congress. ‘{men’ concerning the wages of em: ployes if captains of industry could e ‘persuaded to forego all compensa: tion"and put in portions of their time as government clerks. —_————— Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman are dissatisfled with soviet government. They are probably disd appointed in the fact that so much time has elapsed without developing an inclination on the pert of Lenini and Trotsky to abdicate in their fivor, —_————— ‘There will always be subjects of dis- content in the minds of agriculturists. A number of farmers now complain that the mild winter makes it difficult to harvest enough ice for next sum- mer's supply. ——————— The ever-polite Japanese are willing to disarm, but do not propose to crowd addition to his sixteen in the House.| The post is of more importance now ‘Throughout his service in House and |than ever. Unrest is as marked in Senate Mr. Curtis has been & hard [the orient as in the occident. It ex- ‘worker, able, diligent, attentive to de-|{sts in China, in Japan and in the anybody out of line in an effort to be. first. ————— tail, indefatigable. - In the Senate be|phftippines, and -authority, in the SHOOTING STARS, has been a most valuable member of | Philippines in particular, needs to be BY PEILANDER J0HNE the committes on appropriations. As|iy thoroughly competent hands.- sy %, the republican “wbip” he has had to| For this reason Governor General Jazzology. do with the party organization in the|Harrison's successor should be a firat- upper chamber. His selection as vice |rate man in point both of ability and chalrman of the caucus is appro-|experience in public affairs. ‘He will priate from every viewpoint. face at the start an active desire for ————vee— Philippine independence, expressed Stock gamblers are resented by {ynder Filipino leadership. There's nothing so mysterious as This influence which we call *, The orator when making laws Interprets it and calls it “jaws.” Senator Glass a® people who live with-| But whether our further stay in out working. There are different |the islands is sbort or long, while we kinds. Some of them work all thelr (do stay our record should continue lives getting money to give the more {one of friendship for the people of fortunate participants in the game. |the archipelago and a capable guar- e — dianship of their interests. We owe Paris papers propese a tax of 320 it to them and to ourselves to give each on visitors to France. The same |them of the best that is in us, result might be attained In a more ———————————— delicate manner by establishing the It is hoped that the 4th of March tipping system as a government |climate will be such as to afford every monopoly. encouragement to President Wilson's ————r v plans for viewing the inauguration Traffic Violation Records. | testivities from his automobile. ————————— As part of the move to make the| , 4. .qcent thermometer continues streets of Washington safer and -to t o do all that could be expected of it insgre a fuller observance of the traf- - to keep people from being agitated fic rules steps have been taken to|,’ P ol centralize in the office of the chief of the traffic squad records of all vio- e e lations. These recardss will show the Traction Dangers. character of the violation, the name| Different opinions prevail as to the of the offender, the class of vehicle | cause of the accident yesterday morn- involved, the amount of damage and | ing on Connecticut avenue in which otaer detalls. When this is done it|two street cars collided, with painful ‘will be possible in case of an arrest |injuries to a number of people, but for the desk sergeant at the precinct | fortunately no loss of:life. Some -ob- house to which the offender is taken | servérs seem to think that the car to gscertain in a very few minutes | was running too rapidly at the top of by telephone from headquarters|the hill, and others that it was out whether the person has ever before|of control, owing to faulty brakes, been involved in traffic trouble. The |and others that it was =kidding on amount of collateral can then be de-{lotked wheels, owing to the slippery termined and tbe subsequent punish-|track. The traction company officials ment in case of conviction more ef-|state that an examination of the car fectively measured. has shown nothing wrong with the Heretofore there has been little sys- | equipment and that evidently the mo- tem in the matter of identifying re-|torman used sand. And yet the accl- peated offenders. During the year |dent happened. If the brakes were all Just past there were 22,984 arrests for | right, and were applied, and the sand all kinds of trafic viclations. Doubt- | was used, why did the car run away less far less than this same number and bump into the car ahead? For of individuals were taken by the po-|some reason or other it did, and it was lice. That is to say, there are many |only by remarkable luck that several “repeaters.” Yet only 161 driving q.-lh.dld not result. « permits were revoked during the year.| On several other occasions in the ‘With the concentration of records it | past such collisions have. or would be possible for the police to|accidents to runaway street cars. Not - sdentify the second and third offend- | many months ago s Car was over- The Chinese priest when at a loss For rites impressive calls it “joss.” ‘While they who go in careless ways Take up the step and walk as “jay: ‘When prohibitionists turn loose On Barleyeorn, they style it “juice.” No limit in its meaning has This influence that's known as “jass.” The Human Volce. “The trouble with the motion pic- ture,” said the critic, *is that it does not bring out the thrilling power of the human voice.” nent producer. ‘‘You ought to come over to our studio and hear the stagé director and the stara bawling one an- other out.” E “A man who can’t attend to his own business,” said Jud Tunkins, “‘still has a chance of winning gratitude by bein" a business doctor.” An Extreme. Ben Franklin sald we must behave And every extra copper save. Alas, the custom go severe Might propagate a profiteer! The Next Step. “What will come after world dis- armament?” 5 “I haven't given the subject the closes thought it deserves,” replied Cactus Joe. “But my guess is that the next big problem wilP be the search for toncealed weapons.” The Return to Private Life. “Everything seems to depend on what a man's salary is when he quits the government,” remarked Senator Sorghum. “If he is getting twenty going to make less.” bl “It doesn't, eh!” exclaimed the emi- ard of equipment or service to mu,.pocuhthm. Today, save for a very recent revival of suggestion respect- ing the first-named, none of the three is mentioned in that connection. They prefer their present places. A transfer from the Senate to a cab- inet place has not always operated to the advantage of the man transferred. Take the case of Thomas F. Bayard. He had been in the Senate for years, and a very striking and influential figure there. He had cherished presi- dential aspirations, and with good rea- son, for he was very much admired. But he lost his hold on his party—al- most his individuality—from the day he entered Mr. Cleveland's cabinet. His cabinet services were not con- spicuously successful, and he was not happily assigned later as ambassador to Great Britain. It was while serv- ing in London that he made a speech about his countrymen which gave much offense and provoked much criti- cism at home. Had he remained in the Senate he would have continued to the end of his career one of his party's most potent advisers. The case of John G.-Carlisle is an- other in point. After distinguished service in the House—three times Speaker—he’ was elected to the Sen- ate, but had hardly shaken down in his new place when Mr. Cleveland tempted him with the Secretaryship of the Treasury, Some of his friends opposed acceptance, on the score that in the Sepate he was in a field most favorgble to the exercise of his emi- nent ability. But he yielded, and his influence on party matters declined from that time. At the end of four unquiet and unhappy years he passed into private life, and was never heard of politically again, The loss extend- ed beyond his party, for he was one of the most intellectual men of his period and a dlligent student of government. Had he remained in the Senate he would have become his party’s leader there. ——————————— Col. Ochiltres’s Republicanism. Col. Tom Ochiltree’s name was men- tioned the other day. How did it conte about that he, an ex-Confederate sol- dier of democratic antecedents and liv- ing in a democratic’ state, affiliated with the republicans? As the story goes, the colenel one day, somewhat in a spirit of mischief, engaged an aspiring young democrat in an argument, and insisted on proof of the bolder of the young man's too confident assertions. He pressed him closely, and much to the young man's embarrassment. Finally, the young man, nettled and discomfited, eajd: “Col, Tom, why are you not an avowed republican? You state that side of the case more strongly than the republicans themselves; and you have talked me to a standstill. It can't be @ lack of nerve, for you are a dead game man. What's the answer?"” This nettled and discomfited the colonel; and when alone later he com- muned with himself. What was the answer? He was fond of politics; read a great deal on the subject, and when visiting in New York and elsewhere in the east, had been thrown socially with prominent republicang. Had he unconsciously been absorbing repub. lican doctrines, until he could talk like a republican and rout a demo- crat in a discussion? “The suggestion intrigued him. He puzzled over it, until at last he made the discovery that his political views had undergone a change, and he de. cided that he owed it to himself to confess the change. Which he did. So that the result of the colonel's little adventure was not to talk the young man out of the demoeratic party, but himself into the republican party, where he remained for the rest of his life. W . The Democratic Party. The democratic party down and out? .- ‘| Down, undoubtedly, but not out. Great- ly disfigured, but still in the ring. And still with hope. Observe: Tammany got an awful wallop in November, but is already pulling it- self together for next fall's mayoralty campaign. Leader Murphy's tone is that of & man not on speaking terms with despair. He is getting ready to try again. The friends of Mr. McAdoo, with eyes fixed on 1824, are active. If pos. sible, they want to possess themselves of the democratic national organiza- tion, If Chairmsen White resigns soon ~—there is some expectation that he will—a McAdoo man will he among the contestants for the place. Mr. Bryan is moving, is never still. He and his brother, who is his second in command, are stirring up the faithful. The Bryan program, according to announcement, includes “curbing the piracy of profiteers, elimination of government extrava- gance, and restoration of popular A little vague, but it may do as tarter. The Texas senate, by a unanimous voté, has invited Henry Watterson to address the legislature on the political issues of the day; and former Senator Bailey hopes Mr. Watterson will im- prove the occasion “to tell us how to return to old:time democracy, and re- gain some of tHe states’ rights we lost during the war.” “Popular rule,” as used by Mr. Bryan, and “states’ rights,” as used by Mr. Bailey, are synonymous terms. So we have these two men, o long and so far apart on democratic doc- trine, at last spesking the same language and advocsting the same party procedure. 0t As President of the United States Mr. Harding will have so much inside political information that he does not feel like trusting himself to write editorials for his Marion, Ohio, news- paper. This will be a disappointment to the reading public and to the circu- lation manager, vet the extent to which & public man has the right to avail himself of his position in secur- ing literary material is an ethical mat- thousand, he expects he's going to|ter of some importance, and Mr. make & whole lot more. If he is mak-| Harding’s sense of propriety in this ing eighteen hundred he's afraid he's| connection is entitied to the highest ANY persons probably do not know of that very at- tractive spot devoted en- tirely to Washington's Junior citizens—the children's room of the Public Library. How- ever, there are hundreds of chil- dren who not only know of it, but who use it constantly; in fact, it is the first place. mapy mothers call up when little boys and girls do not appear for supper. What makes it so fas- cinating? Well, a visit would an- swer the question and make most any grown-up wish he were a child again and could have the time and fancy for the pleasures these chil- dren get from the gayly-coléred books that fill their wonderland. ‘The closing school hour of 3 is scarcely struck before an incessant tramp, tramp resounds from the stairway and & veritable troop of children come puffing and blowing In with their arms full of books. Their one idea is to get rid of the books in hand and hurry to the shelves before some other child gets “Billy Topsails” or whomever happens to be the idol of the hour. Often a personal remark of approv- al accompanies the return of the book, though sometimes this s re- served to the inner pages and, sad to say, not always couched in the most ‘elegant of phrases. The children who use the room are of all ages and of every na- tionality and type. They generally have very definite ideas as to what they want and are quite dete mined not to leave any stone un- turned in “their efforts to get it. No amount of waiting seems to be any impediment to the small boy Wwho must have that next volume in the particular series he happens to be reading. He will stand as near to the return desk as possible to see if by any chance it will be turned in, then wander to the truck of books ready to be shelved and scan it eagerly for a sight of the treasure. If not successful the first day he wil come again and again— hope never seems to fail him, * ok x % “I want to join" or “I want to start the library” are perhaps the two phrases most frequently heard in the room. They are the open- Ing remarks of most of the young applicants. It is quite 3 feat for some of the children to write their names in ink, and, my! how proua they are when it fits on one line. But the crowning point is the actyal issue of a card whick en- titles them to full use of all the wonders found between the covers of a book. One day a very little ®irl, accompanied by her mother, applied for a card. The argistant smiled at the mere baby, who coyld scarcely see across the desk, and told her she would have to Citizens of Gapital. i | ! wd&?fil she was big enough to write hér name. “But I can print it.” wes the reply, so little Mary Eilan was taken to one of the very smallest tables, whe with great but Byceessful effo: she made her signature. Though only three years“old; she proudly walked out Wwith her new card and a third- grade reader.” To fellow u? same of the requests of these pmall bovs and girls leads sométimes to most amusing dis- closures, - For instance,'a request for a book on giants developed that the’ little fellow seeking it had ari idea that if he read a suffi- cient number of books on the sub- Ject he might develop some day into ene of that much-admired . An epidemic on books con- carning chewing gum led to the discovery ' that & certain teagher ‘had mated out, a8 & punishment to those who induiged in that ar- ticle during scheol hours, & compo- sition flwrou-hlx covemig g the syb- Ject in all its phases. * k¥ ¥ 'The books en out-of-doors, handi- craft and hobbies have many in- terested seekers. Sometimes a child will bring in her pet rabbit. ruised according to Bullivant, or some boy will proudly exhibit a steam engine which he has made according to the plans given in Williams’ “How It Is Made”! Re- markable interest is evinced by au boys in electrieal hooks and somé of ‘them have wireless outfits. which they have construct- ed themselves. During the busy hours the card catalogue becomes sometimes lost to view. One child will intreduce the other into the mysteries of its red and black letters, and most of them take particular pride in being able to loek up thelr own books, which is quite a boon to the reference librarian, who is sstherwise kept busy Wwith the Many queationing children who trail her from pillar to post. * ¥ % % While the greater majority of the children who make use of the room do not linger after they get their desired books, still a glance at the chairs which line the read- ing tables would seem to dispute the point. Being in the shopping district, mothers find it a Very convenient place to leave the small children, who;are equally delighted to spend an afternoon with the Brownies and Goops and colorad animal books. The com- fortable settees in the center of the room always have their quota of deeply absorbed readers curled up in the corners. Always there are some of the older boys and girls who are working up debates or_school papers that require the reference books. Though the ones that stay may be in the minority, they are never anxlous to leave: About the only effectual signal at closing time is the button that darkens the room. Making Playthings for the World After the heart-breaking years of war the peoples of the world are eager to get the imports were $9.677,330 and ex- ports $3.061,800, and continuing at that rate will probably aggremate $11,613,000 for the imports and $3. - 000 for the exports at the end of the current calendar year. It has been explained to the commit- tee that when the war cut the Ger- man foreign_trade in dolls and toys the Japanese industry was rapidly developed and with the return to peace has held a large share of the trade. In respect to the celluloid toy industry it is pointéd ouf that Japan monopolizes the world .supply of camphor, which is the principal raw material in cel- luloid_manufacture. Germany,.with a rate of exchange in its favor, foreign field on a large scale, and is winning an_increasingly large pro- portion of the trade in this country, ®s comparéd with Jepan. % Japan is now the leading competitor of the United Btates in the foreign markets for toys. The men i back to play n"alOP fSince days, and the - Last Tariff Change. y;,i¢ca states, which broke all world records in the manufacture of munitions, 18 now making equal strides in the manufac- ture of toys. Members of the ways and means committee were particularly inter- ested the other day in the testimony of an Amrican manufacturer of cel- luloid toys, and expressed amazement at the development of the American toy industry since the tariff was over- hauled only a couple of years ago. The sale of American-made play- things, toys and games during the unted to more an Hifhatithe. Wrsoring | 5 e e by the burcau. of foreign [ HOusehold -::Ill‘lnn!e:e Gty s and domestic commerce. In the lutl Tdustry. e household inormal year before the United States stage, with the excep- 1 4 it entered the world war the census re-tion of celluloid, porcelain and metal d that there were 290| !‘e‘:{:gli:f?l‘:::l' in the United States|toys of the highsr grades. Clay, rub- manufacturing toys and games, with [ber, wood. cotton and paper are ma- an sggregate capital of 310,4!3.843. terials used, The exports of toys from A O e domand far excecded | JaPan in 1919 were valued at $6.431.- the domestic production and the de-|216, the United States belng the prin- cipal market, taking $2.867.381 worth. Prior to the war toy-making in Ger- is again entering the|® the toy industry in this country. "l ‘The retail valye of the toy produc- tion in 1913 was about $20,000,000, in contrast to which a re- Significant cent bulletin of the Toy 2 Manufacturers’ Assocla- Figures. ion of the United States, filed in the House committee records, shows that this organization of 110 members did about $100,000.000 busi- ness last year, employed about 10,000 peréons and is figuring on doing about 30 per cent more business this year. cline in_the receipts of imported toys from 1815 until l.“ez lh? -rmlx;v.le: L velopment o Lo Y vt cous many and other European countries argely a.household industry, but has been @supplanted by the factory system to some extent in France, Sweden, Denmark, Spain. Belglum and other countries. nce excels in exquisite dolls and artistic toys. The incregBe in the export trade of France since the outbreak of the war, how- ever, has been confined to toys with- out mechanical movements. In contrast to the industry in Eu. rope, the war accelerated rather than demoralized toy-making in the United Btates. The American industry is eon- fined to the factory system. produc- ing machine-made, scientifically stand- ardized dolls and toys from abundant Indeed, he | domestic raw materials at a cost which under present conditions, the trade inyestigators of the federal bureau of foreign and domestic com- merce say cannot be duplicated sbroad. t is no longer a seasonal indust producing movelties for the holiday trade, but manufacfures an infinite variety of useful and ingenious ar- ticles ‘of great value in the physical development and education of chil- rdren, In 1910 the total imports of toys and dolls were valued at $7,565,530, and exports at $1,273,853. Tn 1813, th. re-war calendar year, imports had increased to $8,856,575, while the ex- ports had deciined to $818.364. In 1918 imports had dropped to $1,299.143 and exports had increased to $1,656.- 112. With the return to peace and eneral rise in values, imports reach- ed $2,952,319 and exports $2,869,529, in 1919. In the first ten months of 1920 A Catechism of the Constitution BY HENRY LITCHFIELD WEST, Issued by the Nationa] Security League. (Copyright, 1019.) In Twelve Lessons—No, 3. Q. What are the important Quties of the Senate apart from the enact-. ment of laws?: A. The Senate is empowered under the Constitution to sit as a court when the President is impeached by the House of Representatives. When the President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice presides, and no person can be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of all the members present. The Senate is the treaty-mal glis.s o, of s, rtrisKine senators present 18 necessary to ratify a treaty. ¥ Q. How often shall Congress as- semble? ¢ A. At least onck in eyery year, and such eting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoigt a different day. Q. What constitutes a quorum in the Senate and the House. A. For ordinary business, a ma- Jority. Q. What provision is made in the Constitution regarding adjournment? A. Neither House during the ses- sion of Congress 11 - withous the Q. What privileges are enators and representati pererded They shall in all cases, treason, l{lon and ach of ;xu“el:( be privileged from arrest during their sttendance at the session of their respective house, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either Houge they :lll‘;(l.le not be questioned in any other Q. What restriction is place. Sonators and representatives? 5;upen A. No senator or repry 2 shall, during the time for .:ehnlc:n";: :'a::l:'ct:d. b.lh Doln:;d rt‘o any clvil nder the ~suthorit gnuu States, which shal AL of 1 have been increased during such and no person helding any g?o.u “l‘llldlbr !h; !{:‘ll:ll!‘!tn shall ember of el his continuance in og P tusing Q. What i3 the provisien regardin, laws taxing the people? x All bills for raising reven shall originate in the House of R resentatives, but the Senate may pro. Pose or concur in amendments as on other bills. Q. Is the action of Congress final respecting legislation? No. Under the Constitution the P -‘l:nn! 'Il" ‘I“r: the Any messure, Vate, Both tho Benate wnd prove the measure by vole, it L3 sent of the other adjourn for more ha nor to_any place the two houses than ti LA L T DI Re e b L R AR s IR, = £ |to gain time in being -Bgl'lflflllll ‘The board of children's guardians has onc yougster under its care who shoyld make & name for himself in the future. ‘When a young fellow thirteen years old can walk into a high government official’s office and so impress his per- eonality upon the official and his as- sociates that they talk about him the next day, it shows possibilities, to say the least. The official was seated at his desk, conferring with his immediate supe visors, when the door opened and in walked a red-headed boy, neatly dressed, and with determination in his eye. +'Well, what do you want, son?” asked the officlal. “l want to find Mr. Jones,” replied the youth, Jones, it need hardly be said, was not the name he gave, but it will do here. “We have about ten by that name,” smiled the chief. “But we'll line them all up for you, if necessary.” Further questioning of the bov de- veloped that he had been “placed” in & nearby town and had come into Washington in an effort to locate the mysterious Mr. Jones, Just why he wanted to find this man the officials could not discover at first. They found, however. that the boy's mother lived in the city, but that the care of her child had been under- taken by the board of children's .u’nrdl-na. t was only after much questionin that the boy told the official, In con fidence, that he was looking for the mysterious Mr. Jones because he had heard that his mother was going to marry him, and he wanted to see what the man looked like. Although the youth did not say so in 80 many words, all who heard his story believed that he was looking forward to re-uniting the broken family. of which he 8 one. He refused a car token offered him, and sald he was use “Don’t you find it eold” asked. The boy puffed out his chest. “No, sir, this isn't cold,” he said The thermometer had been down to 14 degrees that morning, and the boy had no overcoat. When they saw him last he was skipping dewn the big stone steps. He was the kind of a boy you re- member. he was * * * Waiting twenty-five vears to enjoy {lumbia of all proper to walking, | THE STAR. January 20, 1871, the House passed, as & substitute for a somewhat simi- “lar measure sent Bill to Reorganize over from the A Senate, a bill 14 District Passed. [ ovige a new form of government for the District of Columbia. This was the change to the territorial organization which. later enacted, continued for several years. The Star sald in its issue of January 21: “The movement started about on year ago by our citizens for a chang: in the mode of government for the District seems now about to b summated by the passage of that shall give us great powers and privileges effective govermwent in half dozza jarring jurisd existtag in the District. “But, what is of the first impor- tance 1o us, the bill as it passed the House yesterday recognwzes for the first time the principle that the gov- ernment property should be taxed as private property is here, and bear i proportion of the cost of improve ments that are as much for the benefit of government as for the prople of the city. The thirty-fifth section of the bill provides that there shall be a valuation taken in the District of Co- ¢, personal and roperty be- ates, excepi ., ot of per- perty of the United States, in schedules, at least omce in : the ssment of the gov- ernment property made under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior and upon the basis of valua- tion that shall be adopted in making the assessment of the property of private persons for taxation. The tions now real, including all reai longing the publi next section provides that there shall be appropriated each vear out of the the Treasury of the United States same percentage upon the asses vilue of the property of the United States within the District of Colum- bia as other property holders therein are taxed on th property: the by the United St clusively in the matter the acts making such appropriations * * % importance of bill in “The of the feature co-op- the ths securing the eration of one’s first party, and then giving it to oneself, was tive unusual experi- the settlement house told of this un- usual “party” to illustrate the many sorts of entertainments given by the boys and g of the neighborhood. The girl grew from childhood to womanhood and never had a party. She had heard of parties, and perhaps had attended parties given to other children, but nobedy had ever given her one. When she grew to woman's estate she at t had money enough to realize a long-deferred desire—a party of her own. So she asked the help of Mr. and Mrs. Neligh and got it. They turned Neighborhood House over to her for her party to herself. “It was the finest party you ever saw, too,” sald Mrs. Neligh. * L The game of chess is a fine exam- ple of a thing which is a mystery to may people, but which need not be mysterious at all. The world is full of things of that sort but a little investigation would remove the strangeness. Many people who Rplay checkers Loak upon chess as something not to e thought ‘of, at least by them, and jame as if belonging to A woman recently saw a set of chess men in a store window. “Oh, look at the little chesses!” she ried. She was about as hazy in regard to her nomenclature as a worthy colored woman who knows more shout washing clothes than she does sbout music. ‘While about her work recently she heard some one practicing on the iolin. < v?’l‘he violin is hard to learn” she he was asked. “Dotause It 18 8o full of minors,” Government's Part seneral gov- ernment with in Administration. {1, peopte -or Washington in making the seat of government What it should be cannot be overestidated. Heretofore the government has been unwilling to make its proper contribution in the shape of taxes or its equivalent, be- cause it had no confidence that its money would be properly spent, but under this bill, with the government duly represented in the administra- tion of our affairs, it has no hesita- tion in agreeing to sdstain its full proportion of the expenses of the Dis- trict. “The establishment of a board of public works, composed of men of ability and integrily, charged with the duty of establishing comprehen- sive and systematic plans for all gen- eral improvements, was apparently deemed a desideratums by the House. and this feature of the bill, we have no doubt, had much to do Wwith the disposition of that body to agree to pay the proper portion of the ex- penditure for such works called for by the tax upon government property. “This bill we have no doubt will pass the Senate without serious op- position, as it is substantially the bill passed by the Senate last ses- sion, after laborious copsideration by Messrs. Hamlin, Sumner and others of the Senate District committee, who reported it unanimously to the Sen- ate. The House amendments do not in any sense conflict ‘with the main features of the Senaj 'sl‘-hlt qim- ply serve to supply: sbrdd. provislons that further inquiry into the working of our present ineongruous, inhar- monious and expensive jurisdictions of the two cities and the county dem- onstrate it to be necessary. Senator Hamlin, who, as chairman of the Senate District committee, gave so much iIntelligent labor to the work of drafting this measure, character- ized our antiquated and jarring rule here as ‘a beautiful mosaic of Mary- land law, congressional law and mu- nicipal law,’ and Mr. Cook, chairman of the House District committee, algo. after a like patient and thorough in- quiry into our system of law and she replied. CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. avernment, characterized it as the !f!osl defective in the United States. e ikees m rnacewsis, Rl i Taled e IS CAPITALISM CRUMBLING? A moderate socialist writes in the Populaire, Paris, attacking the bol- shevist thesis that the capitalistic system is falling of its own weight, and that therefore a new system must be prepared at once to take its place. As this theory underlies much of the doctrine of the “intellectual” revolutionists in all countries, it worth while reproducing this argu- ment tending to refute it: “At the last congress of German communists one member was excluded from the unanimity, minus one vote (his own). He had dared to say that the thesis of an imminent collapse of capitalism was not scientifically proved. This important fact troubled me somewhat, as I was preparing to become a communist, so I have been trying to discover the reasons for the inevitable collapse. Evidently my sight is not very good, for I could not_discover many. “Taking France as an example, her position being more or leés the same as other countries, it seems that the ‘war balance might be summed up in ay: . lh“"ut Loss of public fortune through military destruction and excess of consumption in relation to production during the war and afte "Tl\el; ‘lol . ll-‘r'e fina: s ted fo! e acqu Credits of the tieuy of Versailles and by ‘mortg: taken on the future revenue of the French state (public loans).. The compensation, counting the amount of stock in circulation, is 30 manifest that even the finance minister was {llusioned about the in- crease in wealth. #3d. Of that part of public fortune which was net destroyed there has a large transfer of prop the profit of the owners by meai duction and exchange (active cap- s) to the detrime the landlords, of priv: and th t of some of | individuals holding shares (passive, capitalis at_the expense also of the workers robbed of the fruits of their work (low salaries of the work- no salaries for the soldiers). ers; This transfer is apparent to not made in way. But its not e it 11 m in en relatively simple. | “While the value of money was be- coming less beoause o excess of consumption in rpelation to produc- tion, the passive capitalists, only re- celving the same income a8 before the war, have become fewer in the same proportion. 2 ve 3 the contrary, mfi'u‘i their gains he 3 :nhonw. according to the new have filled their cash boxes with new notes created by the state and have become creditors for the greater part of the debt. “This shows clearly that the ap- earance of new rick in the place of 'ormer rich has not changed the structure of the capitalist world. The inhabitants of the house have moved, but the house is still there. The in- jured parties who are living on credit reserved from being are {l‘:mtlhd.l&om 'oafil:‘-. Te Are man; signa whick seem to prove that the capitalists were not wrong in tr{lng natyre would a of the hu- man destructions. 4 “m eapitaligm being “Par ‘ruined; % | ceivable. ence of a young woman in Southwest Washington, according to Mrs. J. P. 8. Neligh of Neighborhood House. At the meeting last week of the Monday Evening Club the head of | : extraordinary increase of vigor. This is due to the immediate re-employ- ment of means of production (build- ings, raw materials, plants) at enor- mous profit. It is also due to the joining up of the industries into war offices, as was the case with coal, big furnaces, mechanical constructions “But if the collapse of capital is so far from a reality, how is it that this idea could have come o so many of us “1st. One of the principal reasons has been the want of coal. The pos- sible stopping of industry from want of combustion would mean not only the collapse of capitalism, but would put the question of revolution in the front rank. Ought the apparatus of production to have been taken in hand, with all the risks of revelution® Ought production, on the contrary, to have been left to re-establish itself in the capitalist system? These were the alternatives which suggested themselves in industrial countries where the sociglists were in_power; for example, in Germany. The con- tinuation of production was demand- ed, however, not by the socialist lead- ers, but by the German workmen themselves, a fact which is recog- nized today by the communists. A period was_given to capitalist pro- duction, and in Germany it resained its pre-war level. In France American and_English coal was obtained on credit and she has also benefited by the restoration of the German mines. From this sride the collapse is no longer in sight. 2d. On the other hand, the enormous debt of the belligerents gives the idea of inevitable bankruptcy, the effect of which would be not oniy to reduce all the leisured classes to a state of beggars, but to discredit the value of money and deprive commerce and industry of the means of payvment. “In reality all those who have studied finance know that the present distress of the states can be over- come. Total bankruptcy is incon- As long as a state exists there is always a possibility of re- turns., It can, therefore, only be a question of deficit in relation to ex- penditure, in which case the state would put off payment of the debt. “This is, indeed, the worst con- tingency. The states no longer sus- pend payment. They reduce incomes Indirectly by the muitiplication of bank notes. What happens then? The real wealth in the hands of the capitalists, such as landed property, plants, raw material, increases in value in proportion to the deprecja- tion of money and even in greater proportion. “3d. Finally there is the incapacity of the capitalist to reorganise produc- tion to satisfy present nee quite wrong (o suppose that the de- velopment of production is a function of capitalism. Its only function is to create a surplus; if ‘the surplus is maintained in producing, it produces; if_not. it disappears. To be astonish- ed that capitalism, after killing mii- lions of men, causes other millions to die of hunger is absurd. “What remains of the assertion that capitalism is going to collapse? Only this, that capitalism is/infinitely more vigorous and better orgunized than before the war. The most curious thing_ is that Lenin does not deny this fact. He has insisted ‘on it on several occasions. But he coneludes, all the same, that its collapse is fm- minent. 1 recognise there the asme humor that Zinoviev say to the preletariat that the more divided the stronger they