Evening Star Newspaper, January 2, 1921, Page 35

WAR THORN BLUNTED[ BY FIUME COLLAPSE “Ouster of D'Annunzio Will Go Far t Perpetuate Peace; Though It May Bring Crisis to Italian Govemmenf. Fi THE SUNDAY STAR, JANUARY 2, ~I9[—PART 2. dent of Swizerland 195 Per Cent of Bolshevists 5 Are Branded as Criminals Practically All, From Leaders Downward, for Sale, De- clares Maxim Gorki, Russian Writer; Shrink From No Crime. Aids American Expdrter To Develop Chilean Trade SAY TARIFF WOULD: BE TRADE MENAGE als Believe Emet_'gencj Legml%n - Would Hurt Relations With i South America. Cross-Atlantie Cable Bervice to The Star. COPENHAGEN, January 1.—“Nine- ty-five per cent of all the bolshevists in Russia, from the leaders down- | ward, are criminals.” It is Maxim | Gorkl, the famous Russian writer, time and again 'the soviet govern- ment had made his zeal on behalt of scientists, artists and writers. an object of suspicion. “As a particular instance, he men- < 3 Bes inauguration of a modern and effec- tive banking system. | aani be pa “The political difficulties will triotically solved in Cuba. by the BY BEN McKELWAY. FFICIALS of the Latin Ameri- can division of the bureau of BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. HE thorns of Europe's body that some government, at some time, must take hold of the Fiume situation and end it the best interests of the politic are béing removed one|nation at large. Glolitti saw that tioned that he had done his utmost Cubans themselves,” t inigter by one and occasions for fu- | the Fiume problem could not continue who says this In a conversation with | to mitigate the punishment that forelgn and domestic com- | o™ igint Trotent by bobh PO ture strife and turmoil con- |0 Prevail if good relations between Borls Sokolov, a fellow writer, Who | threatened the famous surgeon, Feo- merce see a grave menace to | cal parties are now beipg passed.mpon Jugoslavia and Italy were to endure sequently reduced. One of the great-iang the whole Adriatic settlement €st of these, one that through recent |upheld. It is believed if time is per- alliances between smaller nations of |Mitted to elapse’ before the d'Annun- southeastern Europe threatened to|2i0ites and conservatives have time to by the judiciary, and whatever the courts of Cuba decide will surely be patriotically accepted by @il -e6n cerned.” our trade relations with South America in the proposed emergency tariff, legislation, already passed by the House and pending in the Senate. has just met him at Petrograd. 2|dorov, but his efforts had had the most downhearted and sadly disap-|very opposite effect. pointed man. “‘It is ihe greatest misfortune of Sokolov has described his meeting * % % ¥ 'l bring the entire problem to the com- embroil millions of people in conflict. | plexion of a crisis the conservative apparently has been settled. The|viewpoint will win, for time will chapter of Fiume is about to close, in [ prove the wisdom of the act. Italians so far as Fiume itself is concerned.|as a whole are intensely patriotic, and Finis has been written for the poet |though there may be wide divergence D’Annunzio’s adventure in the beauti- | of opinion as to methods and men, ful little city lying at the head of th2|these 'divergences usually are sub. Quarnero, the little town which at|merged if it is seen that national in one time threatened to estrange DeT- |terest and general weal are to be manently great nations because of dif-{ perpetuated. ficulties met by statesmen in Paris in g arranging for its future. Once Alded by Radieals. During the week O'Annunzio| The nationalists at one time were legionaries have capitulated after the | more dangerous, through the invigible Ditterest sort of fighting. D'Annunzio | influence of the radicals of the coun- himself, evidently seeing the futility | try. presumably under the hidden of further carrying' on, Italy having |leadership of Lenin. The radicals decided to enforce her desires in the |during the early days of the Fiume treaty of Rapallo. is said to have left | €XPedition did much to antagonize the city. leaving behind ‘him only a|the governmert, attempted to bring record of establishing a regency which |t0 & head open conflict between the undoubtedly will fall under Ital government and d'Annunzio. and control. Though not directly comi preached the gospel of government under Ttalian regime, these peoples, [OVerthrow by d'Annunzio. It was not by indirection, have been joined to|that they really cared about dan. the motherland. and even thongh the | PUNZIO, admittedly then the tactical adventure has had a bitter ending and | l6ader of nationalistic ideas in ater- possibly is far from that expected by | (0e;War adjustments. but the chaod DrAnnunsio, nevertheless - rech oy | that would have been created wou ‘been accomplished toward the realiza. | have been conducive to the perpetua- n of the D'Annumsicesque wlacan. | tion of radical thought and given the taly or deathe For it ie realiced | radicals a chance to strike for their that had not D'Annunzio carried out|OWn interests. They failed to precipi- What at the time was called “mad go. | tate the clash, and then, possibly giv- cupation of Fiume a little more|inE uD hope of accomplishing (helt = ms 3 iy Dleme ol Gy | thex termed an industrial revolution. = tion and aspirations ‘of Fiume |Much was accomplished looking to- ion of Italian in- ians, and Italians ax well, never would | Jord the reformat : have been accomplished. dustry, but the strictly communistic ideas failed, for the people of Italy, Italy Faces Serious Period. withal, are not hot-headed = enough But. notwithstanding the fall of |not to look at Russia and real- D'Annunzio and the surety of perpet- | ize _that Russjan panaceas are uating the treatv of Rapallo gener- |not suitable to‘Italy proper. This ally agreed on. Italy herself faces a | very collapse of radical propaganda serious period as the result of the em- [and failure to realize desired goals ployment of Ttalian troops against |through political maneuvering made it D’Annunzio. This crisis may or may | easier for Giolitti to act against not come. through nationalist opposi- | Flume. for he could do so feeling that tion to the Giolitti regime, which has | even thouzh the conflict be prolonged, dealt with the Flume problem in|he would not have to fear the machi- firm fashion; in fact. much firmer |nations of radical and anarchistic than the members of the government |leaders. Likewise. the nationalist ele- themselves would have liked to deal. | ment no longer felt as secure, know- because Italians were pitted against |ing that the government was not in Ttalians and Fiume's acquisition al- | the slightest intimidated by the thought wavs has been a auestion very near |of What the radicals might do were to_the hearts of all Italian people, | there signs of civil conflict engen- D'Annunsio’s expedition always has | dered by Fiumian strife. had ‘the suprort of the greater por- When Crisis Will Com: tion of the Italian people in and out| mhe actual spillng of blood, however, of the government proper: but polit-|yialian against Itallan, over an issue feal expediency dictated that Giolltti |that is rooted deeply in the hearts act with a firm hand, even though |and minds of all Italian peoples. may srlvnely he may have been loth to|jend strength to the n.uan#t rre cause from unexpected sources. The The attitude of the Ttalian people | crigis will really come after Glolitti toward Fiume and D'Annunzio. Who |has revealed the whole incident to has paved the way for Fiume's ulti- |the people. If he is able to batten mate incorporation within Itaiy. cou-idown the floodgates of possibly mis- Dled with admizture of sorrow at fhe | corand womeiar sweath. by his maik- loss of life and anger at methodsing ciear the political expediency of employed by governmen*. bears |his action, then prefent clouds may watcaing. The army and navy of | disappear. But if he does not and the Italy are largely nationalist in ckar-|nationalists force the reconvening of acter. 1t is a well krown fact that {parliament while the Fiume incident EDMUND SCHULTHESS. The Swiss presidential election has just taken place at Bern, and Ed- mund Schulthess, the vice president for the vear 1920, has been chosen to become the head of the nation in 1921, Inasmuch as Mr. Schulthess was th untry's chief magist many persons familiar with the Swiss bresidential election system will won- der why his turn was precipitated for three years. for as a rule every member of the federal council, a body of seven, can expect the homor of being president once every seven years. Two out of these seven coun- cilors hold the office of president and vice president of the conmfederation, and when their respective terms have expired the vice president becomes president and another member of the| federal council takes over the vice presidency. Different retirements and resignations were occasioned through the war, and it_is due to these circumstances that Mr. Schalt- hess’ turn has come so soon again. The president-elect was born In the year 1868 at Villnachern, near the Baths of Schinznach, in the Canton of u, but was re: in the nearby town of Brugg. He received his edu- catlon in the excellent schools of his native canton, and after studying at Strassbur; Munich, Leipzig and Bern; he settled down in that profession at Brugg. He started his political ca- reer at the age of twenty-five and rapidly advanced until he was elected ll;!o the federal council on July 17, 1912. The vice president-elect is Dr. Rob- ert Haab of Schaffhausen and Waden swil, Canton of Zurich. born in 1865, a jurist of enviable repute who has for many years occupied a promiment position” in Swiss law courts and railroad circles. During the war he was sent to Berlin to represent Switzerland as minister extraordi- nary, and in 1918 he was elected member of the federal council. PRINCESS AGAIN IN COURT. Louise of Tuscany Wants Former Husband to Give Accounting. ROME, January 1.—Princess Louise of Tuscany, whose escapades formed a | co with Gorkl In the latest issue of th Russlan paper, Sevodnja. “Gorkl who the most unselfsh idealists that eve lived,” Bokolov writes, “Is broken-hearted, for when he joine: they were to give the impulse to the where humanity and perfeet equalit: would rein. ing whatever to do With the polic: but was devoting himself to the tas! Unfortunately, the resuits he ha achieved were almost negative fo REPARATIONS ISSUE NEARER SOLUTION France and Germany Assume | Powerful British Union Keep- Much More Conciliatory Attitudes. get Changes Will Aid Teu- ton Settlements. BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER. By Cable to The Star and Chica, * Copyright, 1920, PARIS, January 1. official: the following inside account of th present status of the reparation question: is certainly me of almost the bolshevists he was convinced that rise of a new and better world, Gorki emphasized that he had noth- of the soviets, domestic or foreign, of creating better conditions of life for scientists and writers in Russia. e r d e y y k d T GERMANS HAVE ENOUGH |TENDING TO RUIN TRADE RESOURCES FOR PAYMENT Developments of Exports and Bud- g0 Daily News. High French |!8 keeping American shipping and, in following the return of the |°ORSequence, French delegates from the Brussels|ATerican trade, out of Egypt and Gonference have given the writer: The conference will mest agaln on |y Russia that 95 per cent of the com- munists, from the leaders down, are criminals, or, at least, dishonest indi- viduals, who have not the slightest idea of, or desire for, ideal com- munism. They are practically all without exception for sale to the highest bidder, and always eagerly loeking for bribes. When the pay Is high enough there is no crime imag- inable frem which they shrink. I am very strongly opposed to the death penalty, but, knowing these men in- timately as I do, I can only say this, that there-is not ore among them who ought not be sentenced to death and executed without delay.. If this were done the werld revolution might perhaps accomplish some of the good 1 expected from it " 2 COMBINE IN EGYPT BARRING U. . SHIPS FELIX NIETO DEL RIO, In charge of the Chilean information burean, New York. He spends much of his time at the embassy here. SUICIDE REVEALS MADERO MURDERER Gen. Cardenas, Self-Slain Said to Have Killed Former Mexican President. ADMITS HE WAS PRESENT ing Cargo From Ameri- can Vessels. Takes. Own Life ‘With Revolver While Under Guard in Guate- ~ mala City. By the Associated Press. GUATEMALA CITY, January 1.—The suicide of the former Mexican gen- eral, Francisco Cardenas, in the Cen- tral Plaza of this city. is belleved here to have ended all doubt as to who was the real slayer of the Mexican Presi- dent, Francisco I Madero. Cardenas had told the Associated Press corre- spondent “that he commanded the guard by whom Madero was shot, but did not explain why he ordered the shooting. Madero, with the vice president, Pino Suarez, was shot to death the night of February 22, 1913, while be- ing conveyed under a guard of armed soldiers from his place of imprison- ment in the national palace to the Penitentiary in JMexico City. The usual report was rendered to the au- thorities that the prisoners had tried Agreement With Association of Cotton Exporters Throws Business to English. BY HIRAM K. MODERWELL. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Daily N Copyright, 00, * U New: \\ALE(ANDEIA. Egypt, January 1.— A ‘powerful British shipping combine is tending to keep most of the eastern Mediterranean. Recent determined efforts on the part of Americans to obtain their share of the trade have been thwarted by courteous but efficient Britishers. nless future efforts are more suc- Denyi th Full publicity now attends all finan- ing the wool and wheat growers | )" oLoraions of the Guatemalan of South America a market for their government, and the people of the re- €00ds in the United States will be|public are furnished each month with i _ | imformation relative to the ¢ n serious enough in its immediate re- | SO tO o e asury Y Tor flection in the economic situation of[poru. published in the govermment some of the South American rennb-!“;‘;:"‘::‘:‘ L2550 lics, they declare, but the gemeral temalan ministér 1o moral effect of such a measure at this | the United States, is effectime mrdim- time will be even more far-reaching. | DoLLhnt economy in the conduct.af tbe government. During the year ended June 30, 1920, report publiéied’ In The monthly our tfade with South America, im- September, which has reached Wash- Ports and exports included, totaled | ington, shows that the total income of the government during that' menth $1,351,888,479. The balance against u.‘:fl go per eentmrrv?terhtlm mur}-r in South America was 3370000121, yoar. " Tre otal irerenne. SRCGaInE year. The total increase, according and the adverse balance in Cuba was |10 the report, was 6,168.433 pesios. -~/ $248,976,779. We had @ small favora- * *x x x ble trade balance in Central America.| Surgeon Genmeral M. W. Iréland of This shows clearly that a speclal ef- [the Army. has written to Fh D! fort at this time is required to 5‘.’,:'1‘.'-...‘12 “*;‘n;lmp;a oot g, pm* strengthen our export position. But 5 the, pro- orders for American merchandise in|P0°cd CGorgas Institute for ‘wesearch South America are being canceled.|incaron o paiiser, which weuld due to a number of contributing |(o the late Gen William CF GoRts. causes, not least among which 13 the | The Surgeon eGneral is one ofrasmum- renewed effort on the part of Euro-|ber of prominent medical mea,in 1his Pean exporters to stremngthen their|country who have promised {he gov- market in South America. It must be ernment of Panama their co. Fation remembered that by raclal origin, |in establishing a fund for the.maip- customs and historical development |tenance of the institution. o these countries of South America are | Senor J. E. Lefevre, secretary of the much more closely bound to European | Lon8ma legation, is doing a gret nations than to the United States, al- [ e poopaord mercorrat Lo sUoR, with ;hou!g‘:d? mutually l-ym%-lheflc un- |his eftorts so flro;:ve“l.»een!fmm d ers ing is growing between the Cess. L Deople of the northern and southern | Mr. Lefevre s p Mr. Lefevre be one of - continents of this hemisphere. ber of speakers who il uolm’w;g‘n South American republics are {memorial exercises to Gen. Geongas familiar through study with American |now being arranged to take, e methods. They have become experts: .January 16 at the Pan-American on tariff, besides other things, and |Union building. Others who PEobai according to the tone of letters which | will speak are the ambassed oS! honso according 1o Dr. daily are being received at the De- | Péru. Semor Don Federico partment of Commerce, South Ameri- | Pezet; Dr. Carlos Manuel de €8] can countries are prepared to exact |and Dr. Don Rafael H. Elizalfim mini- retribution in the way of prohibitive |Sters from Cuba and Ecuador, KEspes- legislation for every tariff this coun- | tively. g try places on their export material. * ¥ ¥ % a0 m ‘While Congress is striving to protect| Semor Alexjandir Cesar, Nicavhgoan the American farmer, the American|minister, will g0 to Ner" ¥ork manufacturer. jt is pointed out, bids |week to compicte the fimal i fair to lose his South American cus- | tions for 4 loan of saooo.o’l‘):, ndvanced by a New York firm of bankers'tethe Nicaraguan republic for th - American not going to buy where he is forbi e e} dden tloln of a raflway, npproxlm%y 5 miles in length, to run fromstiie In- As regards the immediate effect of 4 % 2 prohibitive tariff on wool from such socor te- phe' Atlantie. copt o Mi9 countries as Argentina, le, Peru| A survey by American eHghiter and Uruguay, there has been a de-|now is under way, and workbom:4b: creased demand since the war. both |railway itself will begin W in Europe and in the United States,|shore time The project is due largely to 2n overstocked market. | 35 one of the most significant ami@er- This has tended to aggravate the ex-|takings by the Nicaraguai n, change depreciation and general eco o 3 Serb et oy T T Ticn Tandh oh T and closing the door in America 0 |interior. and will provide : the wool exportérs of South America | transportation from the Nflmfl-i 5 visque will cause further disruption, it is|jake of Nicaragua. stated. Argentina’s wool report for ‘the s 15 January 10. Meanwhile semi-official |cessful the American flag is in danger conversations will continue in Paris|0f Pretty nearly disappearing from ! 4 is- between the German representatives a:;':.rw.'.‘.':,"'_&:"{’n:m‘..fi,m'z"‘c'. e and various allied experts, each of |the rich Egyptian trade which might some particular problem raised at|harbor, two or three or five or sfx at T previous governments hesitated about |is fresh in the minds of the people, moving against D’Annunzio for fear of {the government may face a trying sedition. not knowing just how far the jmoment when it comes to a vote of army and navy woull remain loyal, ! confidence. and particularly in view of the de- the outside world is con- sertions from both branchz3 of the |cerned. Europe notably, there can b seérvice to the D’Annunsio standard. notbing but pleasure jn seeing the Parliament Situation. Filume incident brought to a close. standing chapter of the “Chronique Scandaleuse” some years ago, has been heard of again. She Is the divorced_wife of the crown prince, now ex-King of Saxony, and her later marriage with a music teacher named Toselli was dissolved years ago. year which closed in September | Increased use of the Panami”tatful shows that 37,740 tons of wool were | by vessels of all nations, with-imbien sold this year, against 59.334 tons|tions that developing commeree. last year. “This falling off is sald to | tween the United States. Eurd be indicative of the present condition | the - republics of South “Afmdrieé: in other wool-producing countries of | located # the Pacific cpash may South America. overburden . the canal, is 3 P to make their escape an@ that the sol- diers, in order to prevent them get- ting away, were obliged to shoot them. In Prison Seves Years. Not long after the event Francisco ces She now wants Toselli to account |Brussels. This seems to be a prac-|® time—in all, fully 120 a year. But{Cordenas appeared in = Guatemal. * % % % speculation gver the prol The nationalists do not control in|European foreign offices ever since| S0e TOW 42.000 ilme ($5.400) which Prac {ihey Eo away practically d = reviving the proposal to conneen:dhe parliament, but - with coalition with | the Flume qn:l;i:‘n'd:r me u):‘lr:_ A A e Sl h"““mgr ‘Tuge | tical mode of procedure which, it is|cargo. T y devold of | within a very short time: he was ar-| Trade restrictions between Guate- | FERHITE S08 Bropora’ 16 <ORT mala and the four other republics of Central America, which have bee: in effect since 1385. have been abol. ished by a decree igsued by President Herrera, by and with the consent of the national assembly of Guatemala. The decree removes duties on all merchandise, with the exception of liquor and tobacco, which pass be- tween Guatemala and her sister re- publics. While Costa Rica has re- mport duties. on manufac- e {?:?—:;d -:-ug;'e- from other Central|Lake of Njcaragva. The distance frém G is the|the lake to the Pacific ocean:is‘ahont :::r:ft“h:nrt:;fibfigt:? n&k.‘ nuchltvflve mofles;: over country thi h rested and imprisoned by orders of Estrada Cabrera, the president then of this country. It is not clear just on ‘what grounds Cabrera ordered the imprisonment of Cardenas. The gov- ernment of Cabrera was not on par- ticularly friendly relations with that of Carranza, who had succeeded Gen. Huerta as President of Mexico. It is thought the Guatemalan president was aware that Cardenas was wanted by the Carranza goverinment, and pur- posed turning him over to the Mexi: can euthorities in exchange for cer- tain Guatemalans in Mexico who might be conspiring against Cabrera’s government. However this may be, no exchange was made and Cardenas was Mept a prisoner for nearly -seven years. 4 During the revolution of last April, when the dictator, Cabrera, was over- Th et other groups sympathetic to d’Annun-| which was attached a quick burning zio have it within their power to em- | fuse exposed to any one who might barrass. the Giolitti government if|light taly and Jugoslavia have they see fit. Only a real patriotic stand | been difting toward war particularly of the peopl at large will prevent |after the armistice, when tlallan the nationalists from creating trouble, | troops took the line of the treaty of either in parliament or out of it, and | London. How close to war they were this is indicated by the disturbances|I Well know. having traveled over which bave taken place in the past |Tiles and miles of barricaded wired week in Milan, Turin and other cities | 3Ad_trenched hillsides through Cro and well into Dalmatia. There the nationalist sentiment is | “Brolongation of uncertainty only . heightened jealousies and suspicions. In Rome there are reports of al-{Ever there might arise war over a ready co-ordinate moves to overthrow | mere incident provoked by rabid par- the government and take revenge for | tisans. The treaty of Rappalo removed action ‘against d’Annunzio. The gov-these dangers. As I stated at the time ernment has ordered expeditious ac-|the treatv was drawn, d’Annunsio had tion against those elements threat- |to be reckoned with before any treaty ening its life and whether or not the | Was enforced. He has been reckoned folitti government and even Italy | With through the courage of the Ital- tself are to emerge umscathed from |lan Eoverament and today strides have been taken toward mnot the Fiume incident _depends on [oieq hate been e whether or not the wo schools of S Sundon_of imsasy bug the perpetuation of amicable rela- thought in Italy today crystallize to & | tions between those peoples who have point of bitter antagonism and open clashes. The far-seeing have realized | the Adciatic 0" o8 both sides of band's hand when they separated, to defray the expenses of their ciild’s education. Toselli states that with the princess’ consent he left the child under the care of his mother; who had given the child the very best at- tention. During the hearing, Toselli asserted this case had only been taken to court because the princess wanted to have the child under her charge. The money had been applied for the pur- pose for which it was interded. He declared he was at a loss to account for the princess’ sudden tendern she has not hesitated to leave six children behind in Saxony. ‘The princess wants the father to:be deprived of his parental rights over the children, for whom she wishes the court to appoint a guardian. PRINCE MAY BUY HOME. ‘Wales Has His Eye on the Brassey Mansion. LONDON, January 1.—It is possible that the Prince of Wales soon may be the owner of a country mansion in ocean by a canal. and at t time make navigable to ve ot W1l types the $an Juan river. w! oy from the lake to the Atlan n. This plan once was reauvoed Bo feasible, but later was aba with the decision to build the Pangma canal. The San Juan river abbut | afty miles long. and now is HuVigEMle to flat-i ed river steamers, h ply between the Atlantic coasf he ish shipping is because the Briti h “conference expected, will give concrete results.| Indeed, for the first time a solution of |[FLo0, JNOWR 88 the “eonterence the|reparation problem no longer ap- :hsAi\uoc‘i’l:mr‘; of Cotton Exporte ears to be an impossi n Alexandria by which the membe; T attitage g possibility, At 075t |o¢ the association bledge themselves ude of the.Germans was not to ship & pound of cotton_in any purely negative. Their first expo-|Dut comference bottoms. If - any sitions—those of Herr Schroeder and |Member of the association (and all Herr Havenstein—were merely lamen. | XPOrters have to be members of the tations on Germany's deplorable|2880ciation) broke this rule he could nancial situation. not afterward do business in Egypt. Thus the Germans confo: 2 to the Hence, American ships carry no cot- tactics they had been following for] *" °Ut Of ESYPL. % months. Hitherto France had indi-| _ Other Losses Tham Freight. rectly facilitated their task by adopt-| Last year the United States im- ing an equally negative attitude. The |Borted a quarter of Egypt's output. French watchword was dangerously |And every pound was carried by a simple—*“execute the treaty. itish ship. As a corollary to the o % nference agreement all this cotton French Adopt New Tacties. was insured by British insurance com- At Brussels France adopted a more vl’fle ! e ir t e loss o s enormous amoun practicel line of conduct. On the one) T [958 O ©(0® CIOTRATS (O80e hand she reassured the allies, letting [enough. But it ix only the beginning. it be clearly understood that she |¥or instance, premiums on the cotton would not carry her demands beyond |33 sasts, L oUrT [0 more tham the Boulogne program, which Brluln" Cotton is the only substantial ex- Belglum and Italy have sanctioned.|port of Egypt to the United States. There are other exports, such as On the other hand, the French dele- gates frankly declar their inten-|onions and ivory, which are valuable tion to seek a practical solution of |in themselves, but which must form hanges in old established | Which . the constraction of ;::;.P mx‘t cu“a.‘-fimpned that other | would not be too difficult. Central American states will follow —— % % thin the near future, and vir- . 2 :::tm‘rd all trade restrictions between mfa:f{&fl'dflfg;;\; :n the Central American states will be [matic Setmies 00 Lot Abw R abolished. tory of Pagama’s indepen _Jn ! *1" ¢ the United: b ited Brates. cml'm:giflh{; , with the help o e United|of the Uni tates.” Colol an thrown, Cardenas was taken from the i o Cuba BT 00 S0P ner” present [Banama in Central American $ercioEy penitentiary and brought into this| li¢ica)” and economic difficulties |ar Hill is a student at the Geol city under a guard of troops. Col.jor's " ounder basis and with a clearer [town University, and he ha# 5 Belteton pointed him out to the AS-|.onception of her best interests for [cated the pamphlet to 8.t sociated Press correspondent as. the|ine future, according to her repre- Creedem, 8. J., president of ;the mnj- man. who had killed Madero. ‘}'sentatives in wuhlnxmn.ru:: those | versity. Decilnes to Make Explanation. who would make it appea * ® % ¥ u.:!l e United States height, robust in appearance, e diplo- as com- Manikins of Paris Dressmakers ‘ with | Cuban independence. In a statement ition of a modern highway fpomn.th: Fail toKeep Up Beauty Standard PARIS, January 1.—What has be- come of the army of beautiful dress- makers’ manikins who paraded the salons of the famous Paris modistes before the war, exhibiting the “very latest” creation of their employers? ‘This was a question often asked by the American buyers who have just left Paris after inspecting the winter collections of the Paris dressmaking houses. ‘“The manikins this year are the homeliest lot T ever saw.~ said a vet. ;na hiuyer 'hanllan crossed the At- antic innumerable times to buy mod- | Sther tenaes T made ¢ls. ) ‘Svhat has happened to the beau- | more money than they ever dia" os girls we used to watch as they {manikins that they are Wi 4 glided majestically over the polished | resume. their formar Seeuonipils (© floors in the finery establishme the Place Vendome? I have bee:l:rgs Ing to find out but haven't been able t is all on account of .the war,” said-one of the best known of the Paris modistes, when asked the rea- son for the change. “Before the war the job of manikin was considered as offering considerable attraction for the young girls of Paris. They liked to wear fine clothes and appear pret- tily before the foreign buyers and also before the world of French fashion who came to see the clothes. Now all that has changed. girls, during the war, e learned so many LADY ASTOR STIRS HOUSE. | Causes Tumult by Quizzing Pre- mier on Drink Question. LONDON, January 1.—Piquant inci- dents may always be expected in the house of commons when Lady Astor £ets Up to speak. The latest example occurred when parliament's _only woman member asked Mr. Lioyd George “if he ever intended to deal with this drink question, and not listen to the trade.” Instantly there arose a tumult of | cheers and counter-cheers. amid which Lady Astor's subsequent re- marks were lost. Then up rose her champion in the person of Joseph Devlin, a leading Irish member from Belfast, and one of the stormy petrels in parliament. “Give the lady a chance,” he shouted above the din. “Go on. lady. These are the gentlemen of England.” When quiet was restored, the pre- mier “said the question was having proper attention, but could not be dealt with in a few months. ACQUIRE ENGLISH ACCENT. Lord Rathcreedan Finds Noticeable Evidence in Eastern States. LONDON. January 1.—Are Ameri- cans cultivating the English accen “LEADERS MUST LIVE.” Trotsky Deems Neglible Fate of \ Vast Majority of Russians. COPENHAGEN, January 1.—The Pravda states that Trotsky recently sald in a speech at a meeti soviet authorities at Petrogead: O 1 am perfectly well aware that starvation is inevitable and also that |{housands must freeze to death dur- % e comin nter. - gitation of ‘the liquor | geoisia in all the countrien of "t world are already basking in feeling of their victory, but we to prove that they are ‘wrong. must live, we must annihilate our enemies, and for that reason the cOUNtry ‘must bear every sacrifice that we, the leaders, shall come through safely. Even if the three-fourths of the population of Russia should per- ish from cold and starvation the rest us will go on living for the glo of the world revolution.” g MUST SAY “LADIES,” T00. Women on English Juries Cause . New Salutation. LONDON, January 1.—“Ladies and gentlemen of the jury.” will begin the leloquent speeches of counsel {n British law courts after the present session. Nineteen twenty-one will see Lord Rathcreedan, who recently r the advent of the woman juror into turned from the United States, says|the high court, where hitherto femi- that in the eastern states he noticed |nine interest has been confined to the an undoubted- desire—not general, | Witness stand and the spectators’ perhaps, buf quite noticeable—to ac-[gallery, and whelg there is a specially quire the English manner of speech. |interesting case, W privileged few of It has néticed by Londor dra-;“the sex” have vaded the judges’ ‘ matio guitics thiat the American accent | bench itself by invitation of “My lord." is o detect in the American act-| Now we are to have mixed juries, who have appeared |and there is much speculation as to in “straight” drama, erpeciallyiwhat will be the effect upon the elo- Shakespearean piays. quence of “learned counsel.” the heart of rural Oxfordshire. The prince recently paid several visits to |H¢ylnmp. Chipping Norton, the resi- dence of the late Albert Brassey, with a view to acquiring it for himself, and it is expected that he will purchase it. The estate now belongs to Capt. Robert Brassey, who recently an- nounced his intention of selling it. Heythrop is a stately house of stone in the Italian style, and has fine gardens and pleasure grounds in a park of 300 acres. The estate for- merly belonged to the Earls of Shrews- bury, and was bought for about $500,000 by the late Thomas Brassey, the great railway contractor,. father of the first Earl Brassey and of Albert Brassey. The mansion was burned down in 1831, when it was occupied by the Duke of Beaufort, but was re- buflt by Albert Brassey, who was master of the famous Heythrop hounds for forty-five years. WOMEN IN CABINET. London Awaits Her Appointment ‘With Interest. LONDON. January 1.— President- elect Harding's reported intention to appoint a woman to his cabinet when he assumes office has created much interest here, and not a little aston- ishment. The Manchester Guardian, one of the best informed newspapers in Great Britain, says the appointment “will mark a notable innovation in the American political system. A present the federal government has only a bureau of education, which is ‘within the Department of the Interior. The principal duties of its head, the commissioner of education, are to collect and publish information re- garding education, to administer the endowment funad for colleges of agri- culture and mechanic arts, aod to be responsible for the schools for native Alaskan childre! GERMANY NEEDS COLONIES Must Replace Her War Losses, De- clares Prof. Hans Meyer. BERLIN, January 1.—Germany's need of colonles was emphasized by Frof. Hans Meyer in a lecture on the distribution of the former German colonles under the Versailles treaty. Phe lion's share. he said, fell to Ergland, who got 2.400,000 square kilometers, with 7,300,000 "inhabitants, and a trade which in 1913 amounted to 200,000,000 marks. “Germany, the professor “must find new ways lo acquire colonies. For this purpose she must be admitted to the league of na. tions and_be eligible a mandatory po 'he posasibility of acquiring colonies by purchase from' othe: Dpowers must not be excluded. said, the reparations problem. Particularl y with respect to reparations in Kkind, France indicated that she was di. posed to accept not only rawstuffs such as coal, potash and wood, but manufactured goods within the limits of the demands of the French mar- kets, A favorable atmosphere being|inat every American ship leaving thus created, there followed a series|Aloxandria goes homhe empty. of practical studies from which thi following conclusions may be drawn 1. Regarding_German finance Delacroix, the Belgian delegate, studied the German budget with th aid of Krench specialists, estimate: that the limit of German resource: is far from having been reached. Th French debt is proportionately large than the German. indirect taxes can be greatly in: creased if the German governmen applies the taxes strictly, and es pecially if it ceases its bountiful pol M. wh ol o s s o r The direct and t icy regarding railway rates it will not only be able to balance th budget, but begin making payment: to the allies. Natioms Closer in Views. the French and German points o view hdve drawn much nearer to gether. The establishment is fore: seen of an annuity composed first o goods. The first difficulty will be t fix: prices. 3. The allies have declared tha payments in money are nl!o/li!n{: sary. These payments will be rel dered possible by the development o Grman exports and the reorganiza tion of the budget. The British dele. gation seems disposed to hold to th Boulogne resolution wWhich is of grea advantage to France. The German: have not seemed to refuse the princi. ple of monev payments. 4 such as sequestrations, operation of compensation bureaus and recupera. tion qf part of the German marin which¥the German delegates tried t 2. Regarding reparations in kind. rawstuffs and then of manufactured e s 4 only the surface of the ship's cargo. Without a substantial cargo such as cotton furnishes for ballast, ships cannot safely navigate. Therefore American ships have actually been obliged to buy sand to ballast them on their homeward voyage. It may be said, with only minor reservations, a round, bullet-like head, thin black mustache and thin black hair part in ringlets over his forehead.' Ques- tioned as to the killing of Madero, he dismissed the subject Wwith the simple statement that he was in com- mand of the guard that did the killing. He offered no explanation why he had commanded the guard to shoot the prisoners, but was mor intent on relating his own misad ventures, stating @&at he had been in prison nearly eight years, more than two years of which had been in solitary confinement. If this part of his statement is correct, he must have fled from Mexico shortly after the murders were committed, and when Huerta was still in power. = ‘With the change of government in Guatemala last April Cardenas was set free and Eiven an important of- ficial position in the penitentiary, Wl @~ chance to make good. but, it is said, he accepted money for grant- ing certain prohibited privileges to prisoners. He lost his position in the penitentiary and was accused of pay- ing too much attention to the wife of a political prisoner. When the husband of the woman alst" was re- leased from the penitentiary he was stabbed by a man who said Cgrdenas But this is far more serious than the mere loss of sb much freightage. For every day a ship goes without a profitable cargo she loses upward of $2,000. It is impossible to maintain transatlantic ships which are.losing money at that rate for twenty, thirty or forty days. If the situation con- tinues it means that practically all American ships to this part of the world must be taken off. That means not only the loss of the homeward- bound shipping profits, but of the outward-bound as well. But it-means still more. Without American ships American trade with Bgypt will become negligible. Summing Up the Losses. ‘The upshot is thi That a British shipping trust is making impossible American shipping in the eastern Mediterranean, is causing oontinual loss to the United States Shipping 14 23 t 4 e t s Regarding secondary questions. 14 e o link with the reparations probiem, llies have faced ons and disadvantages point ed out the Germans, without, how. evér, al oning the general outline: of the treaty of Versaille Fighires in Background Active. This is only the beginning. Fo! the attel refléction, approve the rather con: clliating attitude of the chief dele. gate, Herr Rergmann. Throughou the conference. the impression pr vailed that in the background aro: example, it is by no means certain that tHe German government will, on me practical r t fe the redoubtable figure of Herr Stinnes, who kept the minister ‘of foreign aftairs, Walter Simons, from attend ing the meeting: _ Master of th principal newspapers and of-a greal political party, and having free ac cess to the foreign office, Stinnes i an advocate of the intransigeant po icy. To what extent he will be suc cessful the next few weeks will show. Until then hopeful fee! . e can only express a|all had paid hiMKo do the stabbing. Car- denas was arrested and imprisoned, but was released on bail. Held by Request of Mexico. Comparatively recently a request came from the proper authorities in Mexico that he be held by the authorities here until papers could be forwarded for his extradition on the Madero murder charge, it being explained that direct - testi- mony had been obtained showing him to have been the man directly re~ sponsible for the deed. Through some blundering of the police department Cardenas was permitted to make his escape from the city, but eventually Was located in some Woods a few miles beyond, in the district of Las Bacas, and the night of November 20 he was captured. It is stated by the lieutenant who commanded the soldiers that Car- denas offered him $25,000 for himself and $1,000 for each of his soldiers to be set at liberty. The offer being refused, Cardenas asked permission to rest, whereupon he wrote in a memorandum book which he carried a few lines addressed to the wo: with, whom he had been living, giv ing her his money and jewels and re- questing her to bury his body in event of his death. Shoots Himself Twice. The soldiers brought Cardenas to the Central Plaza of the city, where Cardenas sudderly drew a small re- ivolver wrapped in a handkerchief and shot at one of the sddiers, only wounding him slightly. As the other soldiers closed in on him he placed the muzzle of his pistol in his mouth, fired twice and fell to the ground mortally wounded. He was conveyed to the general hospital, where he sco died. Board, where it might be registering profit; is increasing the price of tex- tile materials and products to the American manufacturer and consumer and is endangering American trade in all this portion of the world. ‘The British conference lines agree- ment is not altogether a secret. In some form it has been in existence for sixty years. But only with the enormous ingrease in the American mercantile marine due to the war did it begin to have a serious bearing on American interests. American efforts to save American shipping in this part of the Mediter- ranean have not relaxed, but if the British hold is to be broken American firms must know how to buy in Alex- andria, instead of buying by the more convenient c. if. Boston. The con- ference hold is powerful, and there is behind it a fund, said to be $560,900, 000, to maintain it and kill off rivals. Still there is nothing to prevent the buying of cotton by American agents in Alexandria and the shipping of this cotton in American ships, insured by American companies .and financed by American banks, to American buyers in American ports. Several American mercbants.have. already -shown- & de- sire to enter the game, and the re- luctant consent of some American in- surance companies _been obtained to Tnsure the cargoes. Shipping board vessels will ry the cargo, but so far there are no results. Americans here insist on the need of an American bank in Alexandria, and on a regular insurance service (for it is to be taken for granted that British insurance companies, on which Americans have depended in the past, will not aid in taking pusiness from British = shipping companies). In short, the business must be American long the line, or there will be no business. ide ed |, Ecuzdor is planning the «imn-mt\1 !on the situation in Cuba. Dr. Carlos port of Esmeraldas toward Quijo. 5oy Cespedes, Cuban minister to the e necllnz at %:mo Dodmmlg.ums . asserts that reports of | Colorados with a road ai <o Taerican. infervention " are -absurd |ning from there to Quito, Zne “.’:l.:l“ i e wi 3 SR RRRnteaL ese il conveno | Sutie"and it St . i-obum et within a short time, Dr. Cespedes de- |development about 1.000.000, agras Tlares, and legisiation will be drafted |land, covered ~with Virgin orec&.ml o Mmest the financial difficulties. The (generally level and about :_w’“ economic situation, he says, is by no|above the sea. The concession of ; Theans desperate, and with necessary ilands is gaid to be very libegal AD Tegislation Cuba will emerge from her secures to_the constructors BT the |vresant difculties with a knnwlodzelroad the right to somethimig: - - of how to avoid a repetition by the 500,000 acres of the land. : Enthronement of Another Czar - nr Seen as the Only Hope of Ii’ussta arty discipline,” he write: { Cross-Atlantic Oable Service to The Star. ey HA now be maintained only thropgh fit. COPENHAGEN. January 1—All the | UCH 2% 00, "nd even our oldest:sup- ! news from Russia, no matter from | 580,27 PSR LS " Hale Tost the drue what source, points in one direction— | spirit of proletarians.” Hipe that the enthronement of a new czar —_— is the only means to regencrate the|RGES STRIKE OF WIVES. countty and bring order out of chaos. . Even sincerely democratic leaders|y . 5., Maoi te's Views Of 3 like Gen. Wrangel admit this, but the aginten - Opposad chief difficulty is that while the in- by Woman Jurist.__. LONDON, January 1.—A Londomwnag- istrate has made the suggestion shat telligent classes desire a constitu- tfonal monarchy, there is little doubt | ;00 ® b0 ™ husbands do “not aay that the peasants, who form the great | them an adequate housekeesdhi - ity of the Russian people, and |lowance should go on strike. g was “fh"""'"; being influenced by the moved to this by the medfincstor who ai many of the husbands in ttecases popes, will not be satisfled With any | that came before him. His P ruler whose authority is not 80 abso- |ever, does not appeal to Mrs. T . lute that they may look up to himNevison, J. P., a woman ni¥#lsifate e he personification of God on|with a wide cxperience of -problems earth and head of the orthodox Rus-|between man and wife. i reh. Mrs. Nevison says that sive sdoes "fl.cfi'e'ium. they would expect himlnot believe most women would em- to be able to remedy at omce, as iffbark on strikes in their homes. S=oat the evils under|of those who have cause 6 ke complaint woul ar too fyighten- i¢a. "“Besides.” she added. ~how masy women would let their childrea suffer because of their refusal to, goethe usual cooking and cleaning®” - Mrs. Nevison. hwoever, insists tiat g lation altering the wife's:-position with regard to her husbanfime is long overdue. v miracle, all :’hlc?l they are now suffering, from starvation to lack of clothing. fuel and agricaltural implements. A czar who could not do this would not be 2 real czar In the eyes of the peasants, and he must, besides, surround him- self with all the mystery and luxury ©of his predecessors. A ruler of simple manners and democratic ideas would never be amt-l by the peasants as “Lit ther. m;‘n’ the meantime, the “Mene, Tekel, HINDENBURG CAR ON: Upharsin” on the wall is becoming s ore plain to the bolshe- e2abhy ?s::m md“du:.‘ Sevodnia states that |$45,000 Asked for Auto l;—a' as the effectives of the red armies have Headq o TN w dwindled down to less than 400.- | ggo men, and the majority of these! CHRISTIANIA, January i.—Hindeh- are badly armed and poorly nourished | burg's automobile, headguantesa-dus- and . completely, lacking in winter {ing the war, is on sale nere. . The.car, , i Slothing. . All discipline has disap-|an enormous and powerful peared. That this is a fact is provel | replete with every comfort waé' con- By an article in the bolshevist paper (tains a luxurious bedroom. ,When it Prayda, written by the secretary of | became known that the auto ha #n the central executive committee at!uscd by Hindenburg, immenst érowss Moscow, Who deplores the utter dis- | thronged to inspect It and the Palige appearance of the feeling of harmony | requested tlfe_consignee to t e rity. which was the great|to. some more secluded piNecs Sdhe 1 Strength of bolshevism in 19)%."sale price is fized at $45.000.