Evening Star Newspaper, January 16, 1892, Page 7

a ae MISS EMMY'S LITLE SLAVE. The Evening Star. SUN BEAMED “mn on the Virginia mestead where mm was born, and threw long rays of quiv- ering light in through th hen windows over the red brick floor. Standiag in the cen- ter of the room, sur- ag group, Was a small her hair frizzed out about her es, her small day, boasting ‘This m Exclusively f 10 Miss Emmy,” said % "s gwine ova to Ma’lan Track.” Miss Emmy ara a lady,” ejaculated o @ pensive shake of her turbaned . she'll teach yo" to play de Then he sank back in e :nd dozed off again. lered something of a a looked at him and . Letty had fallen on t. Une. M aye prophesied ings for her, though the jolk bad nilin’” her during the twelve years of k de Lawd ole boss done Mass Dave in de team, commenced to ehnekle. the boys. Jim and Die mighta handed her ova to Miss m chilies. She'd done bruck dem chillens round. I most ns bigger'n myse’f. je way I mandered "bout Wen dey wos too big sn’ inde- awms, laws! dey mus’ be on de n Wen dey could git a switch dey Yo’ knows it Well "nough, Ant awd on women folk,” as- till smiling. little mulatto girl caused Out of the pocket of her white had taken @ small round mirror. & lookin’ ¢) she announced ion. Lawd Poggi | Dave, di Emmy didn’t get no time; then who would do it? Tho sobs shook ber slight frame as she Isr there on the floor waiting for the call that meant freedom. Iteame after midnight, cau- tiously from the hall. “Letty, yo" 'wake?” The moonlight danced in through a crack in the blind and played for an instant ona tiny white face breathing softly on a lace-trimmed pillow and on a dark face that stooped over and Kissed it. Then very silently Letty fitted from the room. It was a cold blustering night for summer time. ‘The slaves hurried along together down the andon toward the north and freedom. Une. Mose kept up with the rest. He was like ¥ in de medder,” he said after de ‘soldas come fo’ her dey couldn't cotch her up she wa’ so spry, an’ she'd ben out to grass fo’ two yeah. But dey cotched her up in de en’ an’ wouldn’t b'iieve dat she wan't a young hoss, an’ Unc. Mose wa’ done cotched up in de en’, too, but det wan't no meckin’ b lieve he wa’ young man; de on'y tume Unc. Mose wa’ sole he wa’ sole fo’ = son: It was about dawn that Mass Dave overtook them. The young fellow was riding Black Sal. ‘The maze was foaming at the mouth and flanks. Mass Dave himseif was furiously angry. He drove the frightened and cower- ing crowd before him into town, though Aunt Airy begged pitifully that they be allowed togo ba It's a hard thing,” eried Dave Folsom emently, “to say of you that you left the ce when you did, with your master lying k unto death. It is a bard, bard thing to have to say of you. It was Aunt Airy’s quivering voice that made answer; not then, not till the beaming August sun poured down upon them in the Kichmond market place and Une. Mose faltered, *We's swine be so then Aunt Airy cried ont, and her voice was like a wail, “ass is hawd.” Dave was obdurate. Though Aunt and wept, besceching him with chdearing names to take her back de ol an’ let her dic, ‘souf to Georgy” for afew hun- federate dollars thet uever did him night the boy, for he was but a boy, tossed and turned upon his pillow and could not sleep for thinking of Auut Airy’s ince and the pride she had taxeu in him aud the love she bor. ma. After the war was over Dave went south hunting for Aunt Airy. He found Liza Jane established in a tiny room in Atlanta, working hard at an ironing board. “Ant Airy!” screamed Liza Jane, “yas, I kin tell yo’ easy ‘nough whar yo' fin’ Ant Airy. Sue got free long "fore de ces" of us. Yo’ done fin’ her whar yo" sen’ her; Ant Airy played out on de boat.” But to retnrn to that scorching day after the breezy night. By some chance, more lucky than the others, Miss Emmy's little slave was ro- sold on the same day and her future destination proved to be a pretty villa not far from the old homestead; in tact she could stand on the little back porcil and look down on the meadow aud the winding ereek. ring to Aunt ben free in no now wen dey eba Airy and the others, “de: time, but der ain’t no tellin’ be free down in Georgy.” Weil, the war was almost over. Letty watched the snowbirds fluttering down toward the meadow as if there were no place like it in the snow white world and wished that Aunt Airy and the others had waited awhile. ‘The iaves would soon be free. She and Meely talked it over every evening, sitting in the There were o Two halt-; a pair of b ious going on out- boys were hiteh- e pride of the ol the gray-haired a yd bu atty an’ wite,” Ux “wid dem pink cl 2 dem smilin ’ de presiden’.” atest praise. As for the othe just to run to her room on every pretense, to carry up water, to sit down and untie her shoes, to ¥ locks, all w . There was not one of t at ima that if she belonged to X my all her hardships in hie would be a of the past, and so when Letty. the pri he quarter and Une. Mose’s darling, ined to roll ove in the big col 1 butehe was on tke ga fine indy. to Merryland track had no idea in sh road to be- od in to them 1. upon a little box at their feet. Letty's gone to decollege wid Miss id Lindy aiay, speaking to Josh and ceme up the lane, too late to see Out into the world went Miss Emmy's little slave. sitting straight and solemn on her stool, wo: how it would all be when she reached her journeys end. Over smooth roads and the bays traveled, up hill and ill, past beautiful green woe de und high sand bri ms, and never one me to Berlin. the the little the route. datthe trio in the buggy and slave was People le smiled openly. At last Miss Emmy, who could stand it no longer, eried out: “I do believe, dobn, it's i's hair.” And this was the reason that at Berlin mmy"s husband took the little slave into ” said the president, help- tool. And Liza J h ‘the village, the bays Lnew they were i in front the bi, and sore from sitti stool. ‘Two tears rose to The “panno” lessons were a ul dreams back im old Vir- She would ran ¢ beds, and, per- uy's brown hair. She up to ber head and i way s part of the ginny. Sh tched her on This is the big about, Letty. ay’s little slave was nota band at making beds tales atloat that she would cu the . ‘The bo r, Mrs. Drammer, had a great time breaking ber in. tafter awhile ther thing that eh it deal } carrying came into Lett ould love, something er than sweeping and dust- Jown slopa It was a soft baby with calm brown eyes d into her face and a mouth that 1 whenever she Laughed at it. ty went back to ole Virginny yy and the president she was a being rtance, for she carried this pink and arousd and sang to it and rocked it life that ¥ was a changed place the went back to it. The boss is bed, the fences on the “il been burned down, the st Miss Emmy was bt burn. ue house and in the there was suffering that could only end with death. All the boys Were gone except Mass Dave and he was rest- itchen firelight after the work was done. ould soon be free, “no more wuck naw They Wot yo's gwine do wen yo's free, Meely?” Miss Emmy's little ex-slave had asked this question often, but Mecly never tired of answering. “Dis durkey am gwine "joy Meely, showing her white teeth, trasi'li hev to tun roun’ aa’ be’ a lill smawta, herse’f,” said le po’ w'te der'll be a heap o' wuck fo’ dey lazy bones. Wet yo" gwine do wen yo's free, Letty? ‘Fust ting?” Tse gwine tuck myse’fa skut. T'se gwine Wear nolin’ but trimmed skuts wen Ise free, den I'se gwine try hunt up my mammy.” “Lan’, cl cried Meely, yo" dasen't go near Georgy. Yo’ wouldn't wear trimmed skuts long in Georgy. Dey'd eotch yo’ up no time, dey'd teck yo freedom way fom yo’ sho *noagh down in Georgy “Wal, I dunno wot ['se gwine do second,” said Letty, relinquishing with a sigh all hopes of finding her mammy. se swine pat out dis kitehen fust ting,” said Meely. “Laws! no I ain't. I'se gwine stay Yer awhile and meck lots o' money. How we gwine live I reckon an’ flirt fine frocks ef we got no money. Er Yo" got good sense, Letty, i stay yer, too, and keep on study washin® shes, not a lettin‘on,an’ den we'll put out to- xedde. Sometimes I’ tink dataway an’ some- times I tink w'en de call comes I'll jes’ teck out, jes’ "kase I’se free.” Away down in the snow-covered meadow the ereek was rumbling along. Mcely came over to the window and looked at it, too. ‘Yo’ ail b'longed to big folks, Letty?” ‘Yas, I b'longed to Miss Emmy.” “I done forgot tell yo" her baby wa’ sick. I reckon it wa’ de baby yo" nussed. Jim, he tole me "bout it dis mawn: Letty kept on looking at the creek. “Yo’ sho’ it wa’ Miss Emmy's baby?” “Yas, Jim say “twa” Miss “Yo" sho’ ‘twan't Miss Ma'zet “It wa’ de one yo’ nussed. I memba Jim a-sayin’ so. Yo" heah dem niggas hollerin’ down de big road, Letty? Yo" know wot dat means?” Meely"s dark head fell down on the sill. ““Dat’s de way I knowd it "ud come,” she sobbed, “chile, dat’s freedom. Oh, I wish my mammy had lived. Yes, that was how freedom came to them. The next morning Neely was brisk and busy. She was making money. But Letty crept around the hotise ina half-seared condition, unable to realize the change that bad taken place. she asked, doubtfully. shing. ‘Laws! yas, yo" is, free as de win’ in de pines, chile.” “Kin J Go wot I pleas “Wy, wot yo" gwine do, Letty?” ‘The gtrl hung ber head bashfully. She knew ual jeer. ‘se gwine back to she said, in a whisper. Be ine nuss dat baby; I'se gwine be mmy's slave.” taking it. Three days sh slippery roads leading to Merryland Track. ing at aightsin sheds along the way, frightened every sound in the darkness. Very ti through the town of Berlin beto: ts had stirred, past th lo nd sleep- * Gray college crept the litle slave, back to the baby who at times had be- ionged to h e baby that Meely said was 50 sick that like © It wus indeed a tedious journey, but Letty forgot all about it as she stood at the nursery door There sat Miss terly worn out, asleep by the e: sla and locked at the oc- that her baby? ‘That the great restiess eyes her 1 over. did not see Mise i wonderment. t the poor wick litte fel- low who at times had belonged to her. She p out her band timidly and touched the tiny hands of Miss uny's darling. yo" ain't,” she began, in ® quivering veice. “Wot right yo’ gota be sick, yo’ heen free all e bawn free,yo" ix ‘Look up yer at me four big eyes, yo’ ain't sick, yo’ gwi: t, yo’is. Yo! ‘don’ kee am gwine be a slavo,I reckon, yo" 3 Was thst a dawning smile im the big dark eyes? Was that a quiver- ing welcome about the baby’s lips? Miss Emmy watched breathlessly. “If he $ Well be will getover it” That was waat loctor said 0 weak little arms were half held up and would have falien back, but Letty caught them and curied them about her neck. "Yo" jes’ a-pertendin’,” she said, and a tear fell from each black eye down on the baby’s face. “Yo" ito be off too. Down in the vere wos wild excitement. The slaves is time Miss T y of the ¢ Miss Emmy came home. : ept very close to the baby during her Visit, She seemed as if she couldn t wait on it enough. On Miss Exmy saw ber sitting on the celiar door hi B the li ber arms, and as she sto; over it, her Warm tears splashed down upon the baby's ioe a That night Mies Emmy di loor. She was a id that the loc! on forced. Letty slept on ‘oe end. She did not gato belonged to not lock her - ~ metime when it nestled its heal clo her and laughed in her face. Who would bus end wait on the baby after awhile? Who would sing itto sleep? Who would sit in the nursery there in the dim light when all about the college was so still, and listen to it breathing softly as it lay against her arm? Miss Jes’ a-pertendin’, yo" big, strappin’ follow, yo’.” Was that the pi voice saying, * is what the boy w: Were ‘those Miss Emmy's own white arms about the little slave's dark neck, thanking her as words could never ‘ws, ro! I wan't no slave,” Letty will’ tell you, “but I sutny did feel lack I'd done got houie dat day.” Louise R. Baxea. ——_+ee____ Wouldn't It Be a Picnic? York Heraid. ‘May told George she wouldn't marry him if he were the only man in the world.” Bessie—“What reply did he make to that?” Jessie—“He said if he had inherited any such picnic she wouldn't have been asked.” It Was a Lovely Stamp. From the Brandou Bucksaw. Poot—“Iwo weeks ago I sent a poem and in- closed a stamp for approval.” Editor—“Yes, I remember. We approved of remember ‘the stamp. It wasa daisy. Idon’t the poem.” TO BENEFIT THE RACE Jewish Organizations in Washington to Discourage Pauperism. UNITED HEBREW CHARITIES To Kelieve Local Distress and to Eenefit the Russian Refezeos—The Famous B'nai B'rith and Ite Objects—Social and Keligious Fea- tures of the Organizations, ECENTLY THE ATTEN- tion of the public was 3 calied to the organization known as the United He- brew Charities of the Dis- given for the benefit of the fand of the society by the lodge of the Im- proved Order of B'nai B'rith in this city. Be- ginning on the fourth Sunday of the present month a series of lectures will be given at the Eighth Street Temple, the proceeds of which will be added to the fand maintained by this organization. The names of the lecturers and the dates when they will Le delivered are as follows: M. F. Morris, LL.D., of Washington city, Sun- day, January 24; Rey. Dr. J. Krauskopf of Philad ia, Sunday, February 7; M. W. Plat- Sunday, February 21; Myer Sulzberger of Philad phia, Mare 5 Rev. Dr. Hirsch of Chicago, Merch 21; Isodore or of Paltimore, April 4; Simon Woif of t! + April 13. Asthe naine of the organization implies it represents the charitable work of all the Hebrews in the nd while the principal object f tothe unfortunate of the Jewish nt in the Di scope of the organization is wid local re! Through this agency contribu- tions are made for the reticf of the Russi refugees who are coming to this count such great numbers, hopi opportunity to live in freedom from the persecu- tions which are visited upon theJews in Russia, While the necessities of these people are very great, yet owing to their industrious habits it is believed that m a short time they Will be able to become self-sustaining, and then there will be no farther need tor the as- sistance which is proffered so generously by their co-religionists in this country. De UNITED HEDREW cHAnITIES will, however, continue its beneficent career as a local charity. It was organized in October, 1891, asa result of a call fora public meeting which was held in the Eighth Street Temple. Mr. Morris Clark was ciosen president and other prominent men were selected as ofi- cers. The declared objects of the organiza- tion are to especially relieve ail iocal distress among Jewish iamilies and also to assist in getting together a fund for the benefit of the Russian refagecs. It was intended to place of the old fuel sogiet which Mr. Henry King was many years, and was designed to put a_stop to the itinerant begging to which the Hebrews ict, yet the than mere of this city were especially subjected by their suilering co-religioniste. The iund subscribed by members amounts to about $2,500 yearly, and so far about $1,000 has been expended, the greater part of which was used in assisting Russian refugees arriving in this city to 40 to placesin the south aud west where they could obtain agricultural empioy- ment. THE PLAN OF THE ORGANIZATION. In its generai plan of o:ganization the United Hebrew Charities resembies tho Associated Charities. The city is divided into districts, every district being in charge of a committee, which repo y meetings of the society. are reierred to these committees and one or more members make a personal visit of inspection to ascertain the need and provide the relief that the oc- casion seems to call for. TO DISCOURAGE PAUPERISM. The principle upon which relief is afforded is that which underlies all modern charitable or- ganizations, , to give assistance in such | e pauperism. It is a grati- | fying fact, as showing the charactor of the He- Drew population of this that the great bulk of the demands made upon this society coms from nou-resid ‘The Hebrew resi- deuts of Washington as a class are able to gain a livel.uood for themselves and their families. It is only when misfortune comes and there is need of « friendiy hand to heip them over a hard place in the pathway of life that the good offices of the society are called into requi- sition, There is no home or asylun or other charitable institution in this city maintained by Hebrews for the benefit of the needy of their own race. If the necossity for e! r seale than at present arent te isno doubt that the would Le promptly supplied. The while caring for their own, need wo Hebrew citizens, also coutribate largely to the various organiza- tious that are designed to relieve suffering and afford assistance to others, which are carri on tuder the various auspices in this city. This one organization is found to be all that is required to act as a medium between the charitable und the deserving poor of the Hebrew race. B'NAI B'RITH. There are, however, other organizations of a benevolent character which ure main- tained exclusively by Hebrews. Standing at the head of the list in this city, as well as throughout the world, of Hebrew organizations of this character is the Independent Order of Bai Brith or Sons of the Covenant. In this city there are four lodges, and while they lave i-developed social character, yet their real object is by co-operation to secure upou the death of imezabers the payment to. their families of a certain sum. A sick benetit ix also paid. The headquarters of the organization in this country is in New York city. Mr. Simon Wolf of tis city is the tirst vice president of the y. ‘the order, as stated, has lod: ry country on the globe, aud it is recogmizéd as the most powerful and numerous of all benevolent organizations ever started by Hebrewa. In conucetion with the work of seeursng to the members death and sick benefits. the lodges in this city, in connec- tion with the branches of the order in the states of Virginin, Maryland, North and South Carolina and Georgia, Orphan Home at Adin now cares for betw 0 d phan children. Henry Adler of this ci secretary and treasurer of the board of con- troi ot the home and the president as Simon Wolf, who was also one of the most active in starting this great charity. OTHER BENEVOLENT ORGANIZATION There are also two other organizations of similar aims which have lodges in this city. One ts the Order of Kesher Shel Barzel, with two lodges, and the Improved Order of B'nai B'rith, with one lodge. With the exception of contributiug to the support of an orphaa asy- lum these two organizations are identical in the jects with the D'nai Brith. All these orders, contribute to the fund of the United Hebrew Uburities. Tae also twobencvolent organizations the membership of which is com- | Boeck gf Hebrew women. | They are known as Rebeka Deborah lodges.” ‘The object is purely cheritable, and they afford relief to membe: distress and provide for the ox- peuse of burial when needs SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS FEATURES. In the samo way as similar organizations among people of other races these Hebrew benevolent orders have features which are important in the social life of the people. ‘The synagogues also, to @ certain extent, are social centers. Here there are two prin- cipal congregations and several minor ones. The membership of the latter is mainly com- posed of Russian und Polish Jews, who are, as Yet, too smail in numbers and poor in purse to own a place of worship of their own. Under the rules of the church government of th Hebrews ten fantilies can constitute a congr: gation. and where poverty prevents the secur- ing of @ building where large numbers can meet for worship it 1s the custom to organize small congresations, which meet in the house of some member or perhaps s modest room is secured. There are several congregations of this character here, but how many no of the Aro suid to belong to the most rigid type ‘THE LARGEST HEBREW CONGREGATION in this city is the Washington Hebrew congre- gation, which hes a handsome and commodious temple on 8th near I strect. In their form of rorship as well ag of observances this cougre- gation belongs to the type known as the re- 1. ‘The rabbi is Rev. L. Stern, who dur- i hnis long service ia that position, covering a period of nearly twenty years, has secn the congregation grow from “a mere handful of people to « large and flourishing membershi ‘The other synagogue is that of the Aday rael congregation, whoso place of worship is at the corner of 6th and ects, ‘The rabbi, Rev. Leopold Hermann, has recently come to the city. The congregation adheres in the form of worship to the service which prevails in orthodox congregations. ‘THE HEBREW POPULATION OF WASHINGTON: In relationto the question of the Hebrew Population of the city, the membership of the congregations has an important bearing. In fact, these organizations furnish the only data upon which a reliable estimate can bo made. Even then only an approximate guess can be made of the total population, for among the Hebrews, as among all other classes of the population, the people connected with the churches constitute only ® proportion of the whole number. = Ti census enumer- ation of the people of the country makes no distinction of _ ri except the extremely broad one of white and colored, and in such a classification Germans, Irish, Hebrew, English, American, &., are grouped together. The ‘census office, however, has made an effort to coliect the statistics of the various religious denominations of the coun- try. Some of the results of this inquiry have already been given to the public, but the bul- letin containing the statistics of tho Jewish synagogues has not yet been _ printed. Through the courtesy of Mr. Robert P. Porter, the superintendent of the census, Mr. Charles E. Buell. the spe gent, Was authorized to furnish ‘T anin advance of the pubiica- tion of the bulletin which will give the com- plete statistics of the lievrew congregations in the United States the figures relative to the congregations in this city. Mr. Bueli’s sum- mary is as follows: AN OFFICIAL ESTIMATE. The Jewish communicants in the District of Columbia, as reported in connection with chureh statistics, are as follow: Editices. Value. Communicants. Orthodox... 1 $12,000 40 Reformed... 1 40,000 936, ‘The number of communicants in the returns for Hebrew congregations is misleading as bearing upon Hebrew population, In the in- troductory statement furnished for the Hebrew tabulations the following oceu “In the Christian church each person who has been baptized in the church and attends to ts services is a ‘communicant,’ so that each in- dividual member of a family counts for bin self. We have no such distinction, however, the head of the family being, so to say, the representation in the membership of the syna- Bogue and no track being kept of the number ot his family who attend services, so that in many cases a single member of @ congregation have for the use of his family from tour to a dozen seats, while there would be represented on the roll of the congregation but a single member. “Sons can become members of a congregation on attaining their majority by renting seats in their own name, but they very rarely do 60 ull they marry Ina note Mr. Buell adds: “Upon this it would be a fair estimate to set the Hebrew population of the District of Columbia at 5,000 persons.” ATIRERAL GUESS. As stated by Mr. Bucll this is a mere estimate of the Hebrew population. Estimates have also been made by such men as Rev. Mr. Stern, Mr. Myer Cohen and others, who are in a position to be competent judges, and in their opinion 2,000 persons wotld be a liberal guess at the Hebrew population in this city. As the basis of calculation is the same in — both cases it is dificult to understand how there should be such a difference in theresults reached. Perhaps the only prac- tical solution is to split the difference between the estimate made by the statistical expert of the census office and that of the men whose close identification with the race enables them to speak with some authority. rded as the correct one, it isstill true that this class of our population has increased with great rapidity, and that they now con- stitute an important element in the social and busiuess life of the city. It Las only been a lite over forty years ago that the first Hebrew families came to this city, and there is living today a man in the prime of life who was THE FIRST MALE HEBEEW BORN IN THE CITY. This man is Mr. Abraham Fisher, the well- known real estate dealer. In the year 1549, or thereabouts, five or six Hebrew families lo- cated here and were the first of the race to make a permauent home at the capital. ‘The Hebrews have increased in numbers and pros- perity with the growth and advancement of the city. While wealth is not the distingmsh- ing characteristic of the raco in this city, yet the average of comfortable competence is high. They are found at the head of some of the largest business houses of the city. ‘They are identified with the management of banks and financial institutions. ‘Theyare large own- ers of real estate and in every department of municipal activity the Hebrews have their active and energetic representation. caring for their own, they are not unmindful of the appeals that come to them for assistance in the charitable work that is being carried on under other auspiecs. They are enterprising and public spirited and d with the development of the city the lines of municipal growih and ty. Some of the gepresentatives of the but, as has been stated, the large proportion are in moderate ‘Th r, here, as in law-abiding, industrious citizens— le addition to auy community. THY, PRACTICE IN REGARD TO YUNERALS. One feature of the customs of the Hebrews has not been touched upon, and that is the practice in regard to funerals, Each of the two leading congregations have burial grounds across the Eastern branch, and everything associated with the last tribute of affection and respect puid to the remains of the departed is simple and devoid of display and ostentation. By precept and example the oxtravagance which has been for so many years customary with those of other faiths and religions is discouraged. ‘There is no difference in circumstances surrounding the bu of a weaithy Hebrew and that of the poorest and humbiest member of the sect. A plain pine cofiin is used, covered with a black pall, the latter being removed when the coitin 1s lowered into the grave. The body is wrapped in grave clothes and in every other respect simplicity is the principle which is illustrated by # ilebrew funeral. ‘the practical value of this custow lies in the fact that a funeral in a Hebrew family does not entail aburden of debt upon those who are left in poor cireum- stances by the death, perhans, of the bread winner of the family. Public opimon 3 the Hebrews supports this Usage, oud as lt poor people are not compelled by a culous custom to havea funeral which is costly beyond their means. OF A SOCIAL CHARACTER. Tho social instincts of the Hebrews find scope for expression in the round of recep- tions, dinner partics, &c., which are in vogue, also in the various clubs and organiza- 8 of a social character. ‘The literary clubs are numerous and flourishing. The Concordia Club, an organization for men, owns a hand- some property at the corner of 6th and E streets. In point of membership and in all its appointments this club ranksamong similar or- ganizations for which this city is becoming note. ——————— His Presence Necessary. From Life. George—“Whew! What can be the matter? Telegram says, ‘Come home immediately. *” George (rushing into his suburban home one hour Jater)—“ell me quick, my dear. What Young Wife—“The baby said ‘Mama.’ one seems to know. It is stated, however, that @ congregation composed of twenty or thirty families, and known as the House of Jacob,. holds regular services ina hali on 7th streets ‘The members of this congregation, as well ag the other smaller congregations, are, as han been stated, composed exclusively of Bussia and Polish Jews. RUSSIAN AND POLISH JEWS. ‘These people owing to differences in lan- guage as well as race characteristics do not tingle to any extent in their social and religi- ous life with the great body of their co-religion- iste. Quito recently there has been a consider- able addition to class of our population guing to influx to this country from In their church worship these people eg ye sa! Tanto Pa i ever, whether the one or the other esti- | While | 1892—SIXTEEN PAGES. Prospects Reg irded Hopefully, but Not With Confidence, by Experts. WHERE THE BULK OF THE WORLD'S TIN PRODUCT COMES FROM—THE GREAT PLATINUM MINES IN RUSSIA AND THE PRECIOUS GEMS FOUND THERE— ALUMINUM AND ITs Uszs. XPERTS ATTACHED TO THE GEO- logical survey regard the prospects for American tin hopefully, but not with confi- dence. There is plenty of that metal all over ited States—not only in Dakota, Cali- and Virgimta, where millions of money are being expended in preparing to mine for it, but alsc in Montana, Wyoming, Maine, Ver- mont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, along the Hudson and elsewhere. Wherever coarse granite exists the industrious prospector will find this valuable metal. But the difficulty is to get it out at small enough cost to com- pete with the foreign product. ‘Two-thirds of the tin produced at present in the world comes from the Straits of Malacca. The backbone of the Malay peninsula is a gran- ite range of mountains coutaming the same formation as that of the Black Hills in Dakota, with irregular veins of coarse rock that holds oxide of tin. Severe rains, accompanied by tremendous tornadoes, are characteristic of the climate in that region. They wash away the substance of the hiils, which is carried toward the sea by the rivers, the tin being dropped on the way Because it is heavy. ‘This has been go- ing on for eges, and in the dry channels where streams formerly flowed the mining is done fer the metal, which is found ia littie round nug- gets like shot of different sizes. These nuggets are separated from the gravels by the cradest conceivable methods of washing and sent io Singapore for shipment to various parts of the world. Competition with this foreign product is boset with difficulties, In the region of the Malacca straits the mining of the metal is chietly done by the climate. The hydraulic engines of the skies get theetin out of the mountains in a pure oxide and deposit it in beds near the coust, all ready to be dug ad sent to market. In the United States the com- panies engaged in the enterprise must go up into the hills, break out the ore by means of artificial freshets, and stamp out and wash away the waste material, paying 22.50 a day for labor. On the Malay’ peninsula wages are $1.50 a month. PLATINUM MINES IN RUSSIA. Mr. George F. Kunz, en expert in gems, was in Washington last week, having just returned from the famous platinum mines at Nisjne-Tagilsk, on the eastern coast of European Russia, where he went for the purpose of pro- curing precious stones, such as are dug up in great numbers and of many sorts from the placer workings. Very nearly all of the world’s supply of tliat precious metal comes irom this neighborhood, where it is found in the gravels which have been washed down during centuries past from the Ural mountains. It is’ procured by scooping out holes in the gro depth of about fifteen feet, where is struck, and then burrowing rat fashion in all directions. ‘Twenty-nine hundred cart ivads of earth must be washed to yield fitteen pounds of metallic treasure. In summer the el is stacked up in great heaps, aud in winter, when mining cannot becarried on, the stuff is washed out in itive mills, women domg most of the work. To find a nugget of any size is a very rare occurrence, the biggest on record being about the size of a tumbler. Itis now on exhibition at the Dresden Museum. Precious stones being heavy naturally find their way to the bottom of the surface gravel together with the platinum, and thus they are dug out with the dirt which carries the me It 4s for the same reason that gems are apt to be discovered where gold is’ mined, as is the case with the new sapphires in Montana. Un- fortunately for these sapphires they are not the usual color, Although real ones, instead of being a true blue they are of various tint such as green, greenish blue, greenish brow: greenish yellow and even pure white. ‘Thus it seems probable that the syndicate which is in- vesting millious of dollars in them will lose i money for want of a market. Among the semi- precious stones obtained from the platinum placers described are wonderful quartz crystals, the carving of which into the shape | of nautilus shells aud other forms is performed with marvelous art in Russia, Much diticulty was experienced by Mr. Kunz in securing admission to the mines, because the Russian authorities have become execs- sively cautious respecting strangers since Mr. Kennan’s visit. Any foreigner caught sket ing is peremptorily given a certain number of hours to leave the country. ‘The workings at Nisjue-Lagilsk are let out by a government couvession to Prince Demidoff. Outside miners are permitted to dig on their own account, but they are obliged, under penalty, to sell What they get to the proprictary concern. ‘Iwo years ago a great syndicate bought up the entire product of these mines for some time abend aud ect out to purchase all the scrap platinum existing is she world. But there proved to be more of the latter than had been counted upon, and so it was found impossible to control the market. Con- sequently, after going up from $9 to $18 an ounce, platinum has now sunk to $11 an ounce. ‘This metallic substance has never been found in the rocks, where it originally existed—in situ, as geologists say—except in the copper inines of Canada, where it was discovered a short time ago in very small quantities and in an entirely new combination, being mixed with arsenic. VALUE OF ALUMINUM. The attention of the world has for some time past been directed more anxiously to aluminum than to any other metal. White as silver, lighter than glass, untarnishable as gold, ductile as Jead and harder than stcel, with tensile strength unequaled, this substance seems to be adapta Die to ail the uses to which its rivals collectively disadvantages. Ac- great hopes have been entertained of cording! its future Usefulness, depending apparently for their realization only upon the cheapening of the processes for its production. Inasmucn as itis reckoned that 7 per cent of the earth's crust is aluminum, there is evidently a plenti- fal supply, the sole ditticulty being to separate itfrom other elements with which it is com- bined in nature. When it was announced a year ago that the cost of producing aluminum had been reduced to 9 cents a pound it was felt to be gotting Within reach for ordinary commercial uses, to many of which it has many already applied. Vithin the last few weeks the expense of obtain ing itin a pure statehas been brought down to.35 cents a pound, and it is stated authoritatively that within two years 25 cents a pound will be the figure. It will not ever go much beiow that, in all probability, so the chemists say. All the aluminum made in this country at resent is brougat from Greenland originally in the shape of asortof rock that looks likealum, called “eryolite.” ‘There is a company in Phila delphia which has for years past been sending to that region vessels built expressly for that purpose and of great strength to fetch back Cargoes of this mineral. From it the concern manufactures soda in enormous quantities for washing and cooking purposes. After having extracted the soda there is left over a cub- stance which chemists term oxide of aluminum, nd from this waste material the metal is ob- tained. ‘THE CRYOLITE IN GREENLAND. The cryolite is dug out of the ground in Greenland and there is about enough of it ob- tainable to last for fifty years, but not more. Howover, when that is gone or before, resort can be had to enormous deposits of substances called “bauxite,” found in Arkansas. It is a compound of oxide of aluminum, just as eryo- lite is, and looks like white clay, spread out for miles in flat layers. Aluminum is already much utilized, chiefly on account of its light- ness, in the manufacture of scientific inatru- ments, opera glasses, watch cases, springs and many other things. Speaking of platinum calls to mind the sands on the beaches of northern California, Oregon and Washington, which contain that metal as well as gold, in very considerable quantities. They are literally “‘golden sands,” assaying often iany dolMrs to the ton. Since rock has been crushed with profit for fifty cents’ worth of gold to the ton such sands as these ought to be well worth working. In fact, they are ulready worked to a considerable extent, though b; such unsatisfactory methods that not mucl success has been obtained. There are many difficulties in the way. Owing to the weight of the metals the gold and Sie are found at some little dey ccordingly, the uy and barren sand has to be dug away before the rich stuff can be gotat. A very ingenious method has been devised for accomplishing this purpose, which is in facta jetty system on a moved and the “pay dirt” got at than storm comes and the refuse all back again, leaving the labor to be done over. The sands bearing the precious metals are mostly in and near the mouths of wi they have been washed down outof the hills. lead ores rich in silver. This is bably the most wonderful mineral district Tate world, only railways being needed to open it up. ‘The | Composed of Memory Pictures Stored Away | Kemarks of Two Washington Ladies Overs a ing for most laborious an‘ 8 is done by ants in Arizona and Colorado, which, because they object to having them inside theit dwellings, make about their nests a glittering read of amethPeis, to} and other valu- able fewels, wich people collect and send to market. —_———- MR. BOWSER GETS THE GRIP. It Doubles Him Up in Spite of His Enor- mous Will Power. M. Quad in the New York World. Four or five weeks ago, whon Mr. Bowser came home one evening and found Mrs. Bow- ser in bed, and was informed that it was case of grip, he blurted out: “Grip! And you have gone to bed and had the doctor for a case of grip? Humph “But Iam awfully sick!” she replied. “Rats, Mrs. Bowser! You just imagine it! This simply goes to prove what I have often asserted—that no person of any strength of character has ever had the grip. It's namby- pamby thing, which even s child three years old ought to be ashamed of. You may have it before you get through.” “If I do—if I am ailly cnough to lay down, with any such thing as that—I Lope somebody will pound me to death with a fenco rail! I have the grip? I call a doctor for sucha nonsensical thing as that? Not if my name is Bowser! Mrs, Bowser was in bed three or four days, and Mr. Bowser lost no opportunity to tulk about her foolishness in giving trifling ailment, He likewise remarked to the doctor that he thought it very foolish in the medical fraternity to encourage the public in any such delusion, “You'll probably have it, and when it comes you'll change your opinion,” curtly replied the doctor. ‘I will, ch! There isn’t enough grip in forth America to pull down one of my eara! Td reaily like to be attacked, just. to #! how strength of will could tivow it off A weck ago, at 3 o'clock one aite Bowser heard somethin, door. She called to the girl to open it and see r it was a bag of potatues or » corn It was neither. It was Mr. ho bad gone a morning stepping high and carrying his chin in the air, but the Mr. Bowser who had cou home shaking and shivering and all humpe« over until he didn’t appear to be four fcet | high. It was a case of the grip. his office gayly whistling “Old sudden shiver shivered up bi around to see who had flung it, but it was fol- lowed by two more. He juinped up with a fe ing that all the ice thus Tur cut on the fi had been loaded on his back. A whole of slivers and shakes and chills kept waltzing from his hevis to his neck and beck there was a roaring in his head as if he stood on the brink of Niagara. A boy who came with a telegram looked Mr. Bowser over and said. “Old man, you've got it, and got it bad! It you've any home to go to you'd better skip. If I never see you again then farewell ! Mr. Bowser didn’t stop to excreise any will power to throw it off. He got into his over- coat and made for home. ‘ihe street car con- ductor tried to console him by saying that he would probably be ont in four weeks, anda woman on the car named over twenty-two of her acquaintances who had been carried off in a week. As he 8: uck Joe" I'madead man!” he gasped as she ed off his overcoat and helped him on the in the back par @ you got a chill? —yes! G reat Scots, but { don’t believe I ean live half an hour longer! It's a congestive chill, I sap) ply = That's © way everybody is taken. ‘It's exactly Hadn't yon better exercise « little will power?” Mr. Bowser looked at her reproachfully and shivered and shook. ‘urious how it took hold of aman of your strength of character,” she continued as’ she got hus shoes off. Mr, Bowser's chin began to quiver ina suspi- cious manner and she said no more on the subjeet. He had been put to bed and was groaning and shivering when the doctor came in “Well, your ear has been pulled down, I see.” remarked the doctor as be rubbed his hauds together in a cheerful way “Have ied to throw it off by strength of “II suspect it's pneumonia,” replied Mr. Bowser.” 1, Idon't. It's grip—just grip.” ud I'm sick enough to die!” slaw, man! you have gota mild attack— about as the babies have it. If Bowser. Just keep quiet and take this medicine every two hours.” “How m “Weel weeks will I be in the house? Why, you can go out tomorrow if ike it. Better get up aiter supper aud walk around. It’s a wonder to me that such a brought you home. ut Mr. Bowsers backache grew worse, and when the chill finally went off Le was out o head most of the time with the fever. During Mrs. Bowser's sickest night he had gone to bed to sicep and snore aud rest undisturved by her moans. She had to sit up with him, of ¢ He wanted vichy water, lemonade, ice water, ginger ale, pickles, tea, toast and a dozen other things, aud he seemed to take solid comfort in keeping up a groaning so doleful that it finally stopped the clock. ‘Ihe doctor returned in the morning to find Mr. Lowser’s pulse jumping, his tongue cov- -d with fur and his throat almost raw, but he expressed his great surprise that he had not gone to the oflice. He encouraged him to get upand go down cellar and upstairs, but Mr. Lowser siuek right to the bed. “Doctor, I dou't think you realize bow se- rious this cuse is,” he groaned. “Lam sure 1 do. It's a very mild caso of that nambs-pamby epidemic cai ip. 1 have five ‘children in this neighborhood who have it worse than you, but all are up and playing with their dolis. ’ Very curious that a inan of your stamina ghould give up. Keep on with the medicine, however, and I'll send a gargle.”” For four days Mr. Bowser gargled and dosed and doped and groaned. Mrs. Bowser had to attend him as if he were a baby. He had very littic to say during this interval. He seemed to Hatten all out and loose his conceit. Once he even went so farasto observe thatif his life was spared he would be an humble man in future. On the fifth day, however, after get- ting out tothe gate and’ back, his meckness secmed to be disappearing, and on the sixth, as he started for the ollice, he said: ‘i propose to visit two or thrce different doctors today and find out what caused my sickness.” “Why, it was grip, of course,” replied Mrs. Bowse jot much! There was a combination there, and I know it, and it was a migity serious one, too. Nothing on earth but my dotermination not to give way to it pulled me through. Plenty ef men in my situation would have turned up their toes, and plenty of others would have been in bed for months. Grip! Hump! | Mrs. Bowser, you don’t know me yet. When I knock under to grip T'll have the de- cency to go and drown myseif! Gripand brain fever are two widely different things, and I Want you and that fool of @ doctor to know it, too!" In their journey up the streams the first ran of fish push on rapidly to the upper pools and head waters, 100 miles or more, unless pre- vented by insurmountable falls, with which most of the Labrador streams are well provided. Here fish have been caught sixty miles above the estuary before one has been taken in tidal water. Some of the former remain in the lower > to such a) He looked | and | WHAT DREAMS ARE MADE OF. Like Photographic Negatives. SCWVHAT DREAMS ARE MADE OF is not at all difficult to determine,” said a peychologist to a Stan writer. “They are composed of the memory pic- tares which are stored away in the brain from birth until death. In sleep one wanders amid scenes which are the shadows of actual views and landscapes beheld at one time or another in waking momenta. The sights one Witnesses and the people who move and have their ghost-like being ia that mysterious world of fancy form a sort of puantasmagoria, mid Which the dreamer goes about, sometimes ob- serving with interest or wonder and at other times engaging in conversations. It is alle heard Respecting Culinary Tragedies, “My dear, do you know that my new cook actually used canary seed for a batch of cartes way eced cakes day before yesterday !” “Not really “Pact, L assure you.” “Did you eve: “She thought I told her to make canary seed cakes, und vo she obtained the ingredient from the bird's supply box.” “How funny! But I have bad @ more sare Prising experience than that this very week.” Do tell me. “It was a misunderstanding in the kitchen not unlike yours, You may remember that I from you a recipe for flannel cakes?” reflection of the waking life that is past, 1 think I do although occasionally combinations of ol¢ im” is awfully fond of them and so Pressions give to new and. original So we have them for breake thonghts. few great ideas of invention iy every “So do we “Weil, a week ago our cook left and we had have sprung from visions of the night. * with maple sirup.” © operations of the brain m sleep afford | to the psycho-pirysicist a most interesting sub- | get a substit ute in a hurry va Ject of sindy, arently one al ‘reams | "“OUr perennial martyrdom. while asleep, because the brain can never ren | We shall doubtless be sainted thinking: but dream life, being merely a re- | f But this one was a terror, flection of actual waking ‘existence, is, nature thirty-six hours, but Iam nd less vivid. The landscapes 4 that my hair did aot turn gray are usually viewed ina sort of twilight; | 1 ost faces of per indistinct, “Wh “What didn't ehe per | Propose to try to rehearso all the distressing Ps are i ees blurred and t did she do’ in my own dreams, | my dear? But I don't and find myself very much annoyed | mcidenta of “her On the morn is great ditticulty in perusing the | *fter ber arrival we b nel cakes. Wh subject matter. « al her the might be sheknew because Tam unable to | had as to make # ich apparent c of doubting b “Just as ueual es, they always do. But, as Twas about to ey, when the first batch of cukes appeared, jon the table James poured sirup over hi tliced them across with Lis knife and fork an conveyed a bite to his mouth. So far as their appearance was Concerned there was nothing about the cakes to excite suspicio my husband, chewed saw a loo ¥ 5 his f ntly he heid up his napkin, and, taking his mouth something, procveded, to examine it. I felt alarmed, of course, and inquired what the was, In reply he to moa small oblong piece of what | 4s unmistakably white flannel,” make it up with along. THE MECHANICAL PART OF THE PRAT “It is the mechanical part of the bra: is active during sleep. At all events, the intel- | ligence does not seem to be awake. Tha faculty which we call the judgment is off duty, and hence one docs not perceive the absurdity of many dreams. Nevertheless, one certain! does not lack a perception of the humorot under such cond I, myself, have man a time from ‘slumber by m Tat some ridiculous occurrence. we frequently take part in g conversations while dreaming, ordinary part of itis that we are obliged to perform oth parts in such a ¢ 2, OF even more when a greater numbe coh ee amen two people are speaking, although tuatis | “Godness me All these hinge are purely speculative | mone the cook. To my surprise, she because in the nature of things we | "@# Not at all abashed. On the contrary, aise tata.on th m she responded affirmatively with fidence tuat I never thought nam, vez towld me to bake flennel havin’ no other material, I was Bb & piece of an old petticoss n one is in th: ng and waking that is apt to arrive in the morning before one gets out of bed. One realizes tuen very often that one | is dreaming, and while doing $0 observes with interest whatever goes on. The trouble is that ‘Never but tha never shall again” — . the very exertion of this conscious attention is | ——_— aptto wake one up. Often have I felt the | Written for The Eveni ne Star. ti I should awake before I | An Ode to Hope. sant OF AMUSIN | Propitious Hope, uchustan-like, thou ast asloop ditticult Neg Jdess of ¢ Teall, when weaty ed — ope ona. to. in my heart, breast And raise me from tue troug’ ou to the crest. Upon waking up after a night's #leep one usualy has the impression of @ very briel time passed since he went to bed. This n simply for the reason that the comparatively dim xnd shadowy dream events have not left vid impre on the memory. _¥ | Tn thee I find an anchor for my soul— during occupy an extended period. Ine: in dite mis persons have imazined during | tay su comple br p that they had lived De | Withiu :uy heart, there is to me revealed celebrated « eater, tells how ight Le passed whoie centuries shut | — tombs in com: y with | The pathway of my pieasure here on earth and in other equally un- | Is butac round tay Tays of light Within their range my | Within their bea A course that leaves ail sense of far co SOMETHING ABOUT Bi pRrams. “Ihave no doubt that in what we call ‘bad’ | While Joy walis with clondlessMirtiny dreams we often unde @ great deal of very | Aud every mom aning sigat intense suffering. When Iwas a little boy I was | 7° make my journcy seein serene and bright. muck afflicted with them, and I finally became | nut, when thou art in frowns o1 so accustomed to them that Icame to realize | Xo how of protnine hulle an arcane ones their wureality y sleep. ‘Then I did not | Toprace ike pemoma ean arching: and, being of an imag. | 7y Pride the yawning vortex of despair ry cultivated them withes | That eulfs my fu very where; view to making them as horrivle as possi oF specters awarm until any spirit lips Igotso at length that with me going to And leav 4 forlorn —a wretched mam was almost as entertai cus, inasmuch as I could conjure up moro won- derfal spectacles than were ever eifered to the public by Barnum or Forepaugh. A curious point about my own dreams is that, although I am certainly a person of most moral and proper behavior in my waking moments, Lam addicted while asleep to committing the most astonish- ing improprieties. “A person who euffers habitually from night- mares is apt to be a cause of distress to other peonle as wil as tohimself.Ouce upon a time was making 4 Visit at the house of some friends in Perth Amboy, N. J. In the middle of the might 1 was roused trom a sound sleep | by most appalling yells of murder and rob- bers. Jumping of bed I started to the | From Star Sayings, rescue, but was unable to find the door of the | "Less than a year ago three girls and a young room.’ Perhaps you have known what it is to | man residii Ionia, Mich., agreed to com- Le lost in a strange room at night. ‘the one I |! sachin’ Pies Wr Wns toecaen iene cecupied was not very big, but I spent ten | ™ “! n °s trying to find my way out of it, and | *iready perished by their own hands, a fourth without success. No match “wus at hand. | is married and may have changed her mind, Finally, having heard no more shrieks, I made | and the others, if there were any, are unknown, up my mind that if there iad been «tragedy | So far as has been ascertained the persone whe it was all over by that time, and, despairing of | oos0r04 the terrilic compact ean Cah May Shell, Pred Batler and a handsome young goiug to the cir- | To Swoon in ghastly awe of whats scan. Away from thee, the sky is overcast; Away from thee, the narrow path is steep; Away from thee, ail @wers bioow in vain— All peace is gone—all pleasures taru to pain And day to mgut, while darkness scems to last And keen adversities in conflicts leap Collossuslike attd buffet ull I weep. —Boxrow T. Dora, corneal cape A SUBJECT FOR A NOVEL. A Suicide Club Formed by Three Girls and a Man. g a way out of my apartment, I went sleep again. The next morning I learned at the breakfast table that my hest had y had one bad dreams to witich he customed. Iu such a ease I think that a guest ought to be warned beforehand.” tion. Grace Cook, the first to die, —— in her room adjoiuing # regjgurant, where she An Active Prayer Meeting. was under the effects of hine aud soon From'the Atluuta Constitution, expired. Several months ago Pred Butler at- Sunday Visitor—Where is the editor?” tacked a lady clerk with « club, and on being identified and tracked to his room by officers fired a bullet into his brain. The third life sacrificed an pursuance of the agreement was at of died at Battle Creek on yaptom of poisoning by found dead in « room men of Battle Creek. She Was supposed to have been working in a whole- sale millin lishment in Lansing until wor! was received by her relatives of ber death. About a yearago May came to Tonia from Belding and went to work in an overall face tory. She had a sister living in Portland, and while there became acquainted with Minnie Brace, a milliner, and the Kogers girl, who was Miss Brace’s trimmer. After May came here she had $1,000 left her and began to lead a rechiess life.’ The dead girl's downfall was Odice Boy—“He’s lendin’ the meetin’, sir.” Sunday Visitor—“Where?” Office Boy—“Up the rsilroad track, sir. made off wi broke up.” ee Not What They Want, From the Boston News. “Oh, my friends,” exclaimed the orator, “the situation 1s terrible? Tho country is flooded with rum. Rum everywhere; ram in allour houses; rum, ram, nothing but rum! What must we do? How can we get rid vf it? How—” “Drink it!” came from @ man in the rear of the hall, and they lifted him and cast him rath- lessly down the steps and upon the sidewalk. He ‘the collection an’ the meetin’ two young busin aes rapid. | Mer relatives did “their utmost to Us check her wayward life, but it was of no avail, ite She had evidently determined to have what abe called a “good time” and kill herself when her “Hello, old man! have any luck shooting?” “I should say I did! Shot seventeen ducks in one da; “Were they wild?” “Well—no—not exactly; but the farmer who owned them was. Lodovia Spiridon is charged with smuggling oil paintings at New York. mon companions, is sumed to have abandoned the idea of valf-de- straction, E.E. Schafer, who caused the terrible col- ison in Colorado last December, has been frosem, to death on the plains, SHE WAS WILLING.