Evening Star Newspaper, January 16, 1892, Page 11

=>. 20 mails were received three times a weok from north and south. The northern mails arrived on Mondays, Wednesdays and Saturdays and NEARLY A CENTURY. The Washington City Post Office Ap- proaching Its Centennial, A GLIMPSE OF THE PAST. The Long Line of Postmasters—Ex-Postmas- ters Who Are Still Living—The Growth of the Ofice—Days When the President Used to Go for His Own Letters. ROBA! BLY VERY FEW of the thonsandso cople who sew the 6: ‘There, in all probability, i¢ will remain until ite petmanent home on Pennsylvania avenue is ready for oecupancy. Among the clerks at the city several who have been in the ofice for more than a quarter of s century, and thoy talk most interestingly of the way things were back in war times, One of them, in speaking of the post office when he first became connected with the office, said to e Stan reporter a doy or two ago: “Thirty years are apt to make many changes, end daring that period 1 can recall many that have taken place in this office. “When I was sworn in usa cierk in Novem- ber, 186i, the force of letter carriers consisted of five men. Now it numbers nearly 140. One delivery a day wasall that was made to moet the demands of the citizens where now they have eight. ‘Iwo mails a day were receival from New York, the afternoon mail bringing the New York ot alwaya on time by . Gays all the leading business men had their let- tor boxes in the office, and Ucan see them row in my mind's eye standing around in the lobby office are ae arge picture in Tar Srar i me time ago of the new “7, city post of building Z jat is to adorn the square VleSce opposite Tae Stan office “ stopped to think from left for the south on the foliow! the ame in on Ti day afternoons. Tho firet man who had charge of the mails in the new office obnson, who was appointed Sep- 1» ud served until the ist of the January, when he wea succeeded by Christopher Richmond, who stayod in office until tho Ist of the next October. It is stated that so limited were the accommodations re- quired during the first regime that Mr. John- sl has grown, now that it bas where the needs of the office @ appropriate secom- A hundred years ago, however— ndous space of time in the kis ‘owth—there was no post of Rock creek at all, and the ved over here were obliged to : son kept the office in his own residence ou older viliage to get their occa- | Penruvivania avenue just west of treet. It was not until the year 1795 4 Washington foil ‘ichmond, as of exoush im- til April 1, 1799. o was then co of its ows, ana | On New Jerac Thomas Munroe was x the | #PPointed postmaster in 1799 and served ten ations were of the | years and was then reappointed an twenty years longer, or until Ap was in the early part of Mr. Mar the sprin| that the oflice was located in the executive building west of the White House, where it remained until 1810. For a me then it was in a building ‘on the ide of F street between 1th and 15th moved a square farther he government purchased for In i8 east. the use of the Post Office Department the Blody. ttor Great H was paid ayment of all claims for the proper this hotel was located on the site of tho southwest portion of the present Post Office Department. It was then in an unfinished condition, and it was some years after before it was finally com- leted. To this building the post office, at the Pend of which wae Col. ‘Mamas, wee removed in 1812. Later a building was erected at the eastern end of the hotel building for the ac- commedation of the department and the city office, and th elt together in peace and neo: when the buildings were Dr. Willism Jones was appoi Munroe by Gen. Jacks rved continuously thi nks | ministrations and a portion of the adm: tion of President Van Duren, till March 23, Dr. Upon taking charge of the ce, found that it was but a émall affair, em- ouly four clerks and a messenger.” Dr. 3 w native of Montgomery count} e son of a substantial farme and as KOVET i 10 many ¢ Ament as an assistant surgeon in the army toa hospital in this exty brought bim to the notice of Dr. Jamea H. Blake, with whom he was associated in the practice of medicine until the death of the latter, in 1819. In 1823-4 his attendance upon Secretary Craw- ford, at the time the democratie candi- date for President, brou; with the leading became an ac ut him into contact 2 of the dey and he at, warmly espousing on. As @ member of J committee he did yeoman's service. in filled the office “of post- master under President Tyler from July 10 till Mareb 31, 1545, and under President Buchanan He mar- et of Thomas Corcoran of George- who died in 1943, and he himself died in his residence on C street near 4th. At the conclusion of this three times post- master’s first term_in citice he was followed by Jas. S. Gunnell—March 23, 1839, to July 16, 18ti—ard efter his second’ term’ by Chas. from March 39, 1558, to May 10, 1361. ried a di tow stage, & that was le a8 to puta fence. In Dat is say, it cost the friend sua of money, for the t the receiving + was the t to that coliected to see that it did ret con- if three notes happened to from Hoston that : carriers i itions of th , Mr. that be was at the city ers. Hoe mace it his usual 1 to the office after din- ere was any mat! for him, gh tochat work. It is when there i in‘ipon them 2 an eight- red. large to see how pad sent them. veries for bigh as an fit were it iw Fd on would = hav og before now. at t time ere was bat one very a cay end none at all on holi- uses, carriers only persons who specially very one called for his Sherwood has recently been got- iou of pictures of bie e and these are hun; Lis room on the sccon post ofice building on Lowsiana me of there are aronr ave cilt frames. is interesting colle A Stan reporter, glane- a, began esk- ms about the old postuasters cenes of their labors, for the 5. when a correspondent of the Cork (Ireland) Gazette, writing to bis paper in f y mood, spoke of Washington as “mag- with “7,000 houses, built im a very cisome stile,” ‘that the first post office ix ‘this city was established. The correspondent Probably wore maguifying giasses when be counted the houses. Prior to that time the wentest odice was in Georgetown, where the Gar: Mr. Gardner in turn Landed over the ollice to wfeh 31, 1845, to June 28, 1849. Wm. A. Bradley, who served from June, 1949, fay 27, 1859, when he was sneceeded by Jas. G. Verret, who served until Dr. Jones was re-appointed for the second time. Mcsers. Lewis Clephane, Sayles J. Bowen and Col. C. M. Alexander filled in the interim until the Grant admintst ion, when the stamps were turned over to the care of Judge James M. E munds. Ho served from May. 1869, Geath in 1880, when Col. Daniel B. Ainger was appointed, and he in turn gave way to Thos. L. Tuiloch, who served from November 25, 1352, until he dicd, June 23, 1s Parker was postmaster fora weei but hirving thon declined the ofiice F. B. Con Jol Mr. John W. Hoss, the pres- er, was appointed and ofticiated 1583, tilt Jam master Koss, pon being made the democratic member of the board of Commissioners for the District by President Harrison, was succeeded by Mr. Henry Sherwood, the present postraas- ter, who had been for somo years the assistant postmaster. After the post office brildin were barned down in 1835 the was removed to Carusi s below the avenue, wher ‘Theater now stands, amd it was afterward located at the corner of Louisiana arcane and 4)¢ street, op- posite the city hal!. It was moved from there to Teh street between E and F atreets, and from there to F street opposite the patent office. For a number of years it was there in the northern part of the post office building. From there it was removed in Noveraber, 1879, to the Seaton building on Louisiana avenue, where it D. B. ATNGER, has been over since. This move was made in the morning, a littie after 10 o'clock. A number of express wagow ed into requisition aud the carriers wie had leit the post office on F street for their morning delivery came back to the new oflice at noon and found everything tm readiness for them to go ahead THos. L. TULLOCH. with the work of distributing for their after- noon rounds. The transfer had been made and all the change accomplished in a few hours. Probably about next May the office ‘will move once more into the big building that is now in course of egnstraction on the north side of G strect between Gth and 7tli streets, warting for the muil to be distributed. Upon its arrival tho windows would be closed and they would wait around on the outside FRANE B. cox! ‘The while we boxed it lobby of the post office used to bo a center of great attraction and it was there that strangers were preity sure to gath Many a morning Lhave scen the great trag dian, Edwin Forrest, waiking around waiting for the windows to open. Hale, the comedian, wes there as well, and in fact all the actors of note at that time were to be seen around the lobby of the post office sooner or lator. JONN W. Ross. “In those days we used to be at work stand- ing in paper up to our knees, for no matter whut the size of the package might be it was sure to be well wrapped up in p: wo had to remove before we could ge letters within. About this time Norton's stamp for canceling and postmarking letters was in- troduced and was looked upon as something onderful then, though it has been superseded . of cours ‘Of the old-time clerks who have since held protwinent, positions in Washington I recall j. A. C. Richards, who was our paymaster in the sixties nnd afterward chief of police; Col. Crocker, who was for many years the warden of the District jail. and Col. Alexander, who was afterward the city postmaster. Whe Alexander came to leave the office and bidding us boys good-bye I romember his telling us that when he came back he would be at the top of the heap. His wordscame true, for when he did come back he was at the head of the ofiice.* ‘The record of the work done by tho W: ington city post office for the past year offers a striking and interesting contrast to what was done thirty years ago. ‘The records of the office recently made up show that the amount of money order and postal note business done by the niain office and tho sixteen branch post offices amount to four and a quarter millions during the past year. ‘The number of registry pieces handied by the main office and the station for the same time amounted to 2.394.806 with an estimated value of $523,000,000. The weight of this m: ter for this division was estimated at 1,548 tons for the year. Tue mailing division bandles daily 417,480 letters, cards end eireulars: 214,050 picces of ed. er. Number of pouches dis- ed, $93; number of pouches received, 382; nuntber of sacks of printed matter dispatched, 1,427; numiler of sacks of printed matter re- ceived, 550. In weight this mail aggregates 53,000 pounds daily. The a very division handled in tho past year 45,900,000 letters, cards, while in 1861 the number handléd amounted’ to 618,856. The number of special delive rs handied was 63,783, while for the year ending June 30, 1856, when the service was first established, the number of letters handled was only 25,154. Tue amount of second-class matter for the past year amounted tc 363 pounds. HENuY SuUAWLOD. f postage stamps, cards, envelopes, ., at the main and stations ainounted to £500,000. Seventy per cent of the work of this office being free on account of of L matter it is estimated trom actual count and weight that the revenues would be nearly £2, government paid postage for mat now sent free and for which the ofiice gets no credit at all. ae THEY WOULD NOT EXPRESS GRIEF. ‘The Miners’ Federation Refused to Express Sympathy for the Queen. The fction that the whole English nation 1 overwhelmed with grief at the death of tha Duke of Clarence received a startling denial yesterday in the proceedings of the greatest Workingmen’s union im England. The dele- gates to the Miners’ Federation, now holding their annual meeting ot Stoke-on-Trent, were apprised before assembling that their repre- sentatives in parliament desired that the fed- eration should adopt a resolution of con- dolence. ‘The strong democratic feeling known to suffuse the body made this proposal haz~ ardous, but it was hoped that the delegates would not venture to deviate from the general custom by dociaring that the death in tho royal family was no particular business of theirs. ‘This ie exactly what they did. —— trom their pariiementary leader, Mr. Pickard, himself ill with influenza, asked for a vote of sympathy with the royal family, adding: **The has always expressed sympathy with Cries cf “busines” greeted the message. The member who moved the vote of condolence re- minded the delegates that the queen in casos of accident in the mines always helped the dis- tressed. In sullen silence the confe listened to speeches in favor of the motio then by a vote of 19 to 15 passed without de- bate an amendment to proceed to business. ‘The Miners’ Federation has 200,000 members and it is the best organized and most powerful single union in the country. It has several representatives fn the house of commons and controls the votes of others. No workingmen's combination has so frecly given to the dis- tressed in or outside of its own ranks or shown perception of the sufferings of the proletariat. Interference with the family affairs of royalty being felt to be beyond them, they honestly said so. If all of the trades unions of Great Britain were similarly tested the result would be similar. The delegates im- mediately proceeded to vote sympathy withand substan! ers of help for the = Midland ‘dbstriots, who bare long been on aie ale ‘The United Statés government has chartered the collier San Mateo to carry coal to Chile. THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTO REAL ESTATE GoOSssIP, Handsome Residences. PROPOSED EXTENSION OF ASTRERT RAILWAY IR TUE RESIDENT SECTIONS OF THE CITI—TER CHANGE OF HOUSES INTO BUSINESS PLACES— SOME APARTMENT NOUSES—-OTHER MATTERS, N ROUND NUMBERS forty-five thousand dol- lara represent the price paid the other day for ‘@ choice building site on 16th street. It is tho northwest corner of 16th and P streets, having @ frontage of 6134 feet on 16th and 110 feet on P street. It isnot a large ot for building purposes, as such things go now- adeys, as it only contains some 7,485 square feet, but the ample frontages will give an op- portunity for the display of a fine residence. ‘This is the use to which the present owner, Mr. B. E. Shear of California, intends to put this lot. The ground was purchased from two owners and includes the houses on P street ad- joining the corner. For these reasons a higher price was paid than would probably bave been asked if there had beon no improvements. Mr. Shear paid over $6 a foot for the land and he will erect a home thero to suit the locality. Mr. Shear is a wealthy man, who has lived for a number of years in California, where his business interests mainly are. He proposes to make his home in this city and bos sensibly conclnded to erect a residence that will exactly ait his ideas. Another fine residence site was purchased ro- centiy. It ison the southwest corner of New Hampshire avenuo and 8 streets and is now the property of Mr. William H. Hoeke. ‘The lot contains a little over 3,000 square feet, and the price paid was $3 per foot. It is understood that Mr. Hoeke will improve this property by he erection of aresidenco for his own Use. at section of New Hampshire avenue will probably be adorned by another fine residenco which Mr. Louis P. Shoemaker intends to build at the southwest corner of New Hampshire av- enue and Riggs street. With the szoeption of the house no — built for Mre. Mary E. Parson on Now Hampshire avenue ncar R street there are practically no improvements along that avenue from 9th to 8 strects. An apart- ment house, however, is being erected at the corner of Oregon and New Hampshireavenues and then there is the houso which was erected several years ago by Mr. Walter Paris. PROPOSED STREET RAILWAY EXTENSION. ‘The Kock Creek Railroad Company has asked for a continuation of their road aloug Florida avenue to 7th street. The company is now con- structing a line along U street to 14th street, and it is possible that having mado a connec- tion with tho Washington and Georgetown at two points it may consider that its communica tion with the city is completed. ISTO A BUSINESS #7REET. Some time ago reference was mado to the gradual transformation of that part of E street between 5th and 7th streets into a business sec- tion. Since that time the movement has by no means come to standstill. Tho building 623 Esstreet is now being remodeled for business uses, and the residence a few duors o pied for so many years by Dr. Nobl cently been purchased through Abraham Fisher, real estate broker, by Wright & Stock- ett, the real estate fir This property is 619, and the new owners intend to put in an entire new front, raise the roof and reconstruct the interior for use for office purposes. It is the intention of Messrs. Wright & Stockett to remove their ofiice to this building. Mr. L. C. Wood has purchased through Mr. Abraham Fisher the houses 508 and 510 E street. Upon this site, which bas a frontage of forty feet, Mr. Wood intends to erect a handsome office buiid- ing. The vacant lot on E street, adjoining the club house of the Concordia Club, which is on the northwest corner of Gth and E streets, bas been sold to J.B. Cralle, and it i some improvement may'be made BEAL ESTATE COMPANIES. Nearly every kind cf business is now carried on by stock companies, and now this method of combining capital for more effective and extended transactions is to be applied to the real estate business. A company has been re- ceutly organized, with a capital of $150,000, for the purpose of conducting a real estato busineas in all its branches, including property insurance, which is regarded as having an inti- mate conne with the management of realty. ‘The details of the management of the business by the company will be identical with those in common use by individuals or firme. One advantage claimed is that, with the larger capital at commend, the dealings in real estate matiers can be carried ou with greater facility. Whatever the advantage may be, the formation of the company makes a change which may be taken as an indication of the growing import- ance of the rea) estute interests of the city. SOME SUBURBAN SUBDIVISIONS. Mr. D. J. Howell, the civil engineer, is mak- ing a subdivision of a tract of 100 acres, the property of Capt. D. B. May. It is located on the north side of the Bunker Hill road, just be- yond the District line. He is also surveying o tract of seventy-five acres of land cn the Con- duit road near the Little Falls for Mr. Stilson Hutchins. A portion of this tract will be sub- divided into building lots. NEW APARTMENT BOUSES. For some reason the apartment house, puro and simple, has aot become one of the estab- lished features of life in this city. There are a number of handsome and alse costly buildings containing suites of apartments, but they lack the one essential of a complete home, and that is the kitchen. The first large apartment house erected here, the Portland, was planned With the view of beings completely equipped building of thiy character. Kitchens were at- tached to each suite of rooms. It was soon found, however, that the people who occupied the apariments were perfectly willing to have some one cise do the market- ing for their meals and superintend the:r proparation for the table. So instead of using the kitchens the cccupants of the apartments took their meala in the cafe that was in the Louse. ‘This has been the rule with all apartment houses up to the prosent time with one or two exceptions, and in these jatter cases the buiidings were rathor smail and the rents asked for the suites were mod- crate ‘The probable explanation of this differ- ence in the use of apartment houses hore as compared with that in other cities is the fact thnt entire houses can be rented for about the same price as a suite of rooms in an apart- meat house costs and pecplo who prefer housekeeping to boarding secure a house in- stead of going into an apartment house. At any rate whatever tho explauation is the fact retains that neariy all the apartment houses the city are practicaily private hote!s. ‘Tho guests, instead of confining themselves to one or two rooms, as inn hotel, have veveral, but they all use a common dining room. Tux Evearrt. In spite, however, of this departure from the Usage prevailing in other cities the namber of epartmont houses is constantly increasing. Some .of tho recent additions to buildings of this character tay be mentioned. There is Jor example, “The Everett,” located on H Streot between 17th and 18th’strovts. ‘The orig- inui building was erected several yoars ago, and it was here that Mr. Abram 8. “Hewitt of New York made bis home when he was a mem- ber of the House. As is well known Mr. Hewitt has been for years a suffer from insomnia, and so when he came here he eccuzed two suites in the Everett on the secoud and third floor Tespectively. When he found it impossible to woo the drowsy god on one floor ho would take up his bed, so as to speak, and proceed to the next floor and make another attempt there. Sinco Mr. Hewitt's time and in fact during the past year an addilion has boen built whi has more than doubled ;the size of the building. Jt is ‘now a large double structnre, five stories in height, and is planned and finished in the latest modern style. The architects, Mosars. Hornbiower and Marshall, bavo car- Tied out the sonaitle ides of avoiding all dark coruors, and to accomplish this in a buil that in located in the midst of 9 closely built- from the way at each lan: Stnircano, and ie of course well light is another advantage which is foum building, namely, the se rooms in erch suite from the seageway. In every case the bath rooms lighted by outside windows. The elevator shaft is midway between the entrances to the ‘two suites which occupy each floor. By an in- geniousautomatic devico the door of the elevator remains locked until the elevator car is Fiue Building fites to Be Improved by & N. D.C. SATURDAY, JANUARY 16, 1892-SIXTEEN PAGES. in every room and dumb waiters running to the basement have not boen omitted, while by the arrangement of the plan windows at the «ides and in the front and rear makeample for an abundance of lig! ay tion of the. building sijotulag buildings the four ‘walls aro treates in a simple but effective way, 20 that the dee>- lato barfonnoss of the rough’ walls ii the side nd rear, as usually seen in buildings of this character, does not in this case offend the eye. ‘THE ALBANY. Of quite s different character is the apert- ment building which has recently been built at the corner of 17th and H streote. This is an imposing struetare of brick and stone, rising tos commanding height. It is known aa “The Albany” and. is eopecially designed to, as to offer to the class supposed to be. homeless ail the comforts of home. ‘The Albanyin an apart- mont building eapocially for ihe uss of bachelors or for thowe who have’ no one of tho oppo. Site sex to share their home, Asn recon ciler to a life of singlo blesxedness and te a discourager of matrimony the Albany docs as much as could reasonably be oxpected of & mere building. It however, has uot. been & success altogether in this line, for the archi- tect, Mr. AP. Clark, who designed it, has, since tho building wax completed, taken te himself a wife, and a bachelor who oveupiod one of the most eligible suites has abandoned it for the purpose of sharing a home which he has built with the young woman of his choice Still the Albany makes the existence of a bach- clor very pleasant, perbape more 20. alan some peoplo think this class of men deserve. Eut that is neither here nor there The fact of “sho” matior is that n bacholor or auy other man who does not deom that a woman is n necessary part of a honie—tor in the Albany women are excluded 8s rigorously as in @ movastery—can secure a suite either consisting of a parlor, a bed room aud a bath room or a bed room and bath room. ‘These apartments handsomely furuished. There iran elevator in the building aud speak- ing tubes, clectrio bells, ettor boxes, and. in fine all the conveniences that are considered ccoeery in order to ive and be Lnpps. There 0 dining room in the building au cooking rictly prohibited as ‘women, and so it is considered the architect has Jone’ everything which is likely to contribute to tho bliss of bachelor existence. ‘WITH A KITCHEN. The projectors of the large apartment house which is now going up at the corner of New Hampshire avenue and Oregon avenue are proceeding on the plan of providing a resi- Uenee out and out for the future occupants of the building. ‘There are twelvo suites in all in the five stories of the structure and the number of rooms in each suite raugo. from three to seven, A kitchen is attached to each suite of apartments and it is prepared to supply all the faciliticos and more, too, than cai be found in a house of the saine size. ‘The architect, Mr. Von Netta, in carrying out the ideas of the syndicate which is back of this enterprise has provided as near as posniblo that cach suite alall bee complete residence in it~ elt. “tis the first apartnent house of equal size that has ever been erected here, that is when an apartment house. fe considered to mean ‘an aggregation of private resi- dences under one roof. The location of this building in the extreme residence tection of the city gives an added quality of novelty to the undertaking which will cause the success of the experiment to bo watched with considerable interest. If it is found that the plan of providing residences of this charac- tor, whieh cau be reuted at a less gure than houses of equal attraction in as equally a good locality, meuts with the approval of the public itis quite likely that other structures of the paine kind will be erected. IN AND OUT DOOR SPORTS. Intercollegiate Rowing. The new rowing league between Columbia, Cornell and the University of Pennsylvania have been discussing the advisability of rowing their annual races upon the Hudson river in- steaa of on the Thames at New London. The Poughkeepsio course is said to be by far the bes. It is sheltered from the wind by a series of hills that run parallel to the river. While at Newborgh there was an ugly cross sea running with a swift current, at Poughkeepsie there was @ dead calm with very little tide, and the course can be used rowing either up or down the river. As the tracks of the Wost Shore railroad run within a few feet of the water the entire dis- tance the sight from an observation train is even superior to that offered at New London. ‘The only objection to the course is its distance from New York, which is over seventy miles. On account of ‘its central position Cornell is very sure to advocate ita adoption. Steele and Ike Welr to Fight. A match between Ike Weir and Frank Steele has been made. They are to fight at the New Bedford Athlete Club on February 18 for a purse of €600. Weir begun training yesterday. Mitchell Will Fight Mah: There isachance of Charley hell and Peter Maher being matched to fight to a finish. A well-known Philadelphia sporting man has received instruction; from Mitchell to back him against Maher for @5,000 @ side, the fight to take place within twenty-five miles of Phila- delpbin. When seen last mght Billy Madden was told of the offer and he immediately sig- nitied his williuguess to accept it, and be will post the whole or any part of the forfeit within torty-cight hours of Mitchell's doing so. International Amateur Athletic Contests. W. C. Forbes of the Harvard University Boat Club has received a letter from J. Astley Cooper, esq., of London, Eng., asking Ameri- can co-operation in a scheme to bring about a series of international contests between repre- sentative amateur teams from all the English- ing countries of the world. roposed to have competitions in track rowing and cricket at any rate, and perhaps in more branches of atbletica. Mr. Forbes has been asked to do what he can to rouse American enthusiasm on the subject. A Forty-Mile Race. A forty-mile race was recently run at Ma- ronas, Montevideo, to see which wero the fastest and which conld stay the longest—-native horses, half breds, three-quarter breds or thorough- breds, Sixteen horses ra, coming under tho following descriptions: Thoroughbreds, two; balf and three-quarter bred horses, eight; cri- cil, vix. ‘Tho course was soft, although not i heavy. A thoroughbred won with the greatest ense. ‘The graded horses, thove half and three- qnarter bred, finished socond, third and fourth, while the criolios failed dismally. ‘Will Back His Yearling. Wilson Reid of Parkville, L. 1, offers to match his yearling, J. T. Reid, against any yearling colt or filly in the world for $2,000 to 30,000 a side, or as much as desired, the race to take piace in October, "92. He bas left with the Now York decordér a deposit of $500 to bind @ match, Osreman O'Connor's Plans. Wm. O'Connor, the champion oursman of America, is in Boston, and he is making plans | for some big raccs. Stanbury, the Australian onraman, who holds the championship of the world, has written him that he will leave Aus- tralia about Murch 1, and that he will give O'Connor another ehanice to secure the cham- pionship. O'Counor says he will be ready to race in Juno, either at Chautanqua, Saratoga or Pullman, for $2,600a side. O'Conivor is also ready to make a match with Hosmer and Teemer against himeelf and Hanlan in» double-scull raco for $1,000 » side. Ho will aiso give Teemer a raco in single soulls for $1,000 a side, end says that Hanlan will make s match with ior a ike amount. x6 ‘Turf Notes, Fred Gebhard is reported to have said that the champion two-yoar-old of next year would come from California and beat any of the sons and daughters of the Ll-Used or St. Blaise, which horsemen think so highly of at present. Mr. Bonner enys: “For the last thirty years Thave said that if I ever let one of my horses race the first man in the stable next morning my name to the statementand do not give Sancl ness, Merry will be run under the firm namo of Gideon & Oe Australian race horse, Chester, Yattonsion, that sold for 820,000 pApgecente d old, asd bes the distinction of winning the double event of the Victoria lub derby, died Tecentty at Camden, N. 5. W. Phil names King Cadmus and Te sear ania Vaaee begs ne Jockeys are displacing the no effort will be Bext spring the rooms Tho tehiaticeny. Vv THE HARBOR OF VALPARAISO. A Place Which War Possibilities Makes Most Interesting Now. ‘The accompanying sketch of the harbor of Valparaiso was made for Tur Evexixo Stan by Mr. Frank Muller, who has spent consider- sble timo in the Chilean seaport Mr. Muller writes: “I hed opportunity to become familiar with the city of Valparaiso, its harbor and surround- | ings, during a stay there of several yours, and the war talk of late naturally awakes my in- terest in that and other places I have visited in that country. In my opinion a squadron of | modern warships like our cruisers attacking | Valparaiso would not meet with any serious or prolonged resistance. The few good ships the | hhileans have would, of course, make one des- | perate effort, but if ‘their first attempt should Tesult in defeat they would be discouraged and their strength would be broken. The forti- fications around Valparaiso would not amount to much. When I was there last they only had three forts mounted with old-fashioned guns, and I believe a few well-directed shells from our ships would silence them. It it should come tv a bombard- ment of the city it would certainly be a great cainmity tor the unfortunate inhabi- tants, for every house affords x. target from the bay, as the city is built on the slopes of five hills, with the large mountains asa background, from which the houses stand out like so many, white spots. ‘The business part of the city | stretches along the beach fronting the harbor in three or four principal streets, where also the government buildings, the custom house, | sailors) within a musket shot of which | free play over city and harbor. ALPARAIS HARBOR. pRblic storehouses and arsenal ant others are located, and couid easily be picked out by our gunners. The harbor is, by sesZaring men, considered very poor. It is altogether exposed to the fury of the northern hurricanes 60 fre- quent there at certain times of the year. M: staunch ship has beon dashed to pieces on the beach by the angry waves of the Pacific. The accompanying ehetch representa the | bor looking southwest. at the jeft, and far is seen Heeftopsail point (commonly enlled by omamo- dore Porter fought bis memorable battle ia the | Essex against two Pritish ships, Cherub and Pharbe, in 1812. Tn case of « powsible attack by | our ships, I would imagine it would be made from tl ‘They would, under cover of dark- ness, creep up along the coast and by daybreak slip round this point and be almost in the very harbor. To allow a view of the harbor, I fou it necessary in my sketch to cut off that part of the city where the rich residences, ) Public parks are located, but it sbows sufficient of interest in connection with the present | trouble. In frontof the large m: top of which can Le seen, about midi cut, the signal station, from where the approach of ‘any veesol from’ the south cau bo ob- served by daytime and communicated to the city, aro three smaller hills On the slope of’ the middle one of these bills is the largest fort, commandingly situated, with hill to the left is ‘the sailor town, with all low dives and like resorts, and where the Chile- ans claim the trouble with our sailors had its origin. Directly underneath the big fot in the water, as seonin the rletch, a Hittie out from the beach, is the landi a square iron cons with etepe on | They are government st | great expense. red light is displayed at night anda fing day. It was there ps! About two squares up from thie mole American consulate. Boneath the right of the big fort, are some large b ange houses, arsenals, mnected with the offices of all dewcripti government. A lit out under the fame hill is the second fort, with flag above it. Close to the water's elge and still farther ow between this hill and the light house ws # thir: fort, with sheds for te do boats and storage of naval material. A larce pier or breakwater can also be even eatending from the beach about midway and toward ta . ‘That was built by the government a few years agoat The end of it is sunk in seve ve fathoms of water, and it reste in all jength on irov pillars filled with cement. It wae intended for realy and naporte and also for the mooring of trans- ue and Pacific mail steamers and the dis- ging of their mail and curgo. Onteide of this pi tr general anchorage for Chilean as well as forcign warships. To the left are seon the strects running slong the water front. The first jo bianco, then Calo Cochorane and Indepence. These streets are lined with stores. wholeralo houses, steamship offices and consu.ates. The principal business of the whole country is bere represented. The railroad seen inside the Loard walk conuects with Santiago, and one can leave from the Mole direct for tuat piace. ‘Tho bourd walk along the beach 1s the gathering for everybody. the raics cam . while the miitary Many a beautiful evening Lheve #pent net as it gittered little dream: a eae ae epee ene asennad Aan. deecanenasone ly THE GEOGRAPHY OF COMMERCE. Annual Address of President Hubbard of the National Geographic Society. AN INTERESTING HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE INFLUENCE OF COMMERCE UPON THE PROS- PERITY OF THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD—THE CAREER OF THE UNITED STATES AND 1TS FUTURE. The annual address of the president of the National Geographic Society is always an event of great interest in scientific circles. Last evening a special mecting of the socicty was | held for the purpose of listening to the annual | address of the prosident, Gardiner G. Hud- | bard. The audience was not distinguished for numbers, but it wasa representative gathering of scientists, and the address received that close attention which the recognized ability of the author and the caroful treatment of the sub- Ject fully warranted. Seated on the platform with President Hubbard were Maj. Powell, Mr. Everett Hayden and Gen. Morgan, the commissioner of Indian affairs. Maj. Powell made a few introductory remarks to the lectare and not for the lecturer. He said that he was more familiar with the trails through the forests which were the ways of commerce of the wild Indian tribes of this country than with those | great roadways of the world’s trade which would be the themeof the even a few brief sentenc brought out the con- | trasts in savage and civilized life as developed by commerce, and then gave way tothe speaker of the evening. PRESIDENT HUBBARD'S ADDRESS. The subject selected was “The Geography of Commerce,” which was discussed by the speaker in a broad and comprehensive fushion. At the outset he reviewed the earliest commercial | movements which were inangurated by the nations of remote antiquity and described in a graphic way the feebie beginnings of trade, | which has now spread its network of activities | over the entire globe. He spoke of the great | highway for commerce which was in use 3,000 years ago from India by tho Persian guif | and the Euphrates or by the Red sea to the | Mediterranean and_ thence through the Medi- terranean by Gibralter to western and north ern Europo. He alluded to the commerce of ‘Tyre and Sidon, of Cartbage,and then the trens- fer of the reat of commercial activity from Asia | De to Europe, which came with the rise of Greece and Kome to positions of power and influence. | Then when the sun of these great nations had | sotand during the —— of the dark ages,com- | merce died out. Upon the revival of trade Venice and Genoa became the centers of the | world's commerce. A new power appeared | upon the stage and Spain and Portugal entered upon a career of maritime rule, which was con- | tinued until the Netherlands became the mis- tress of the seas. Then came the long-contin- ued war with Spain, ending in the siege and | fallof Antwerp. The ruin of that great com- | mercial metropolis was the gain of England. OROWTH OF ENGLISH COMMERCE. “The growth of English commerce,” said the speaker, “was slower than that of Spain, Por- tugal, Holland or France, and not until the middle ef the eighteenth century, or less than one hundred and fifty ears ago, did she enter upon that career which gave her tho control of the ocean. The commerce was built up by protective law. The navigation act of 1651 prohibited — sels from carrying to or from England the commerce of any country but itsown, Subsequently its colonies were prohibited from importing or exporting goods | im any but English vessels, or from manufac- turing goods in competition with the mother | | country. This protective | tion continued until English ships coutr the carrying trade of the world. “The inventions of Watt, Arkwright and | other great inventors to England that supremacy in manufactures which ehe lias ever since retained. The French revolution only little later aroused the fear of the statesmen, | merchants and capitalists of England thet the energy of the new republic would be as omnip- otent in morcantilo affairs as on the field of battle. ‘They believed that France might again regain the trade and colonies and with them the commerce she had lost. Engiand de- clared war against Napoleon, which was carried on almost continuously from 1793 to 1815. ‘The shipping of the continent disappeared or was captured by the flects of England. The colonies, and with them the wealth, power and commerce of Spain and Portugal, Holland and France, passed to Ei 4, and though she ia | ‘dened with tho debt. then crented she | nas nover lost the commerce and carrying trade she then obtained. ‘Though smaller than any othe ofl amd nation her manufactures and mineral products were the largost, and | though dependent on America, for ler ‘food | nivplic tho yet controls the commerce of the wor “The manufsctures aud commerce of Eng- land have giveu wealth to her bankers and merchants, omployment to her artisaus, sbip- yn workers, miners and manu- facturers, Mer manufactures are carried by her ships to every quarter of the globe and the commerce of the world pays tribute to the bankers of London and, makes thet city the money center o! worl in eteaail ‘Their total product in- 577,000,000. A iF 8 : Fi i & i f d i i I § | 7 a Fi i i iE i t f f i i f | j t iy iy a Hi if H i i ‘4 # i: i i : | on the canal. The Panama route had the great | greater ratio since this immigration commenced than before, and experts believe that our pop- ulation would have been as large and home- gencous without immigration, Formerly we had a large foreign commerce; our merchants were the first to establish direct trade with China and West Indies: the stars and stripes were seen floating on every sea and flying in every harbor, and for years we were the second he commerce of the world passed from wooden sailing ships to side-whcel steamers, to iron and then to steel propeticrs. England was 4 worker in iron and machinery of every kind; we were not. The civil war only hastened the day which was sure to come. Onr shipping | fuded away fester thau it had arixen, while that | of Great Prituin increased as rapidly as ours decreased. This wae not owing to any decrease in onr forcign trade, for during the last twenty years our exports have inereared more than | three times as rapidly a Britain. Fighty-seven per are carried in Britich « connigh English houses, which are found in every large port in the world. “Our flag bas never disappeared from our inlund waters and coasting trade, for foreigners are excluded from this trade, even where the ports are 15,000 miles apart by water. We have @ large inland and coasting trade. j “Lhe substitution of steel for sailing ships and woodeu propellers, which took place so long Ago On ocean, is now going on upon our lakes. In 1886 there were but six steel propellers; now there are sixty-eight. There are 2,225 vessels on the lakes, 1,103 steamers, 902 sailing vos- sols. “We bave within eight years established private ship yards for te construction of large ships of war and are making as strong and heavy machinery anil cs iarge and fast veusels as England. Our ship builders claim that they can construct ships equal in carrying capacity speed and strength with those of Great Britain, and at no greater cost, though they cannot be run as cheapiy, because our sailors are better housed, fed and paid than those of other na- The day will surely urope and Asia, with boundless mineral and agricultural resources, her manufacturing facilities, her extended sea consts, will be the foremost nation and New | York the commercial capital of the world, ‘HE NICARAGUA CANAL. “The success of the Suez canal induced M. Lesseps to undertak instruction of tho Panaina canal, believing, and rightfully, that the tonnage passing through it would equal that of the Suez canal, This work was unsuccessful; the canal remains unfinished, with no prospects of its compietion. “several hundred miles north of Panama is the lowest continental divide, 148 feet above tidewater; nenr this divide is Lake Nicaragua, omthe Pacific slope, connected by the river San Juan with tue Atlantic; up this river and | | throngh this lake, some thirty years, was one | of the regular means of intercommunicatic both for freight and passengers, between New | York and California. j “The Maritime Canal Company and the Canal | Construction Company have been organized | by Americans; they have obtained valuabie | concessions from Nicaragua and have made | surveys for a canal, slack water and lake uavi- | tion from Greytown, on the Atiantic, through | e Nicaragua to Brito, on the Pacific, a dis- tance of 170 miles. A Larbor hus Leen opened at Greytown and considerable work performed | advantage of an open channel from ocean to | ocean, whereas the Nicaragua route requires several locks to cross the divide, but Brito is- some 600 or 700 miles nearer California than | Panama, a saving in distance that more than | compensates for the delay in locking. The | opening of this canal will be the greatest ben- et that could be conferred to our ahi ping. “Freights by water between New York and | California (San Francisco) are now so high that | a large portion goes by railroad. The wonder- ful ecfect that this cansl must produce will be evident if we consider the great difference be- tween land and water carriage. Kail rates between | New York and geen eet trie = mille r ton por mile, whi! ‘ocean rates ou grain To Liverpool in 1888 were about one-half « mill | per ton per mile, and one mill per ton per mile asa very large rate. es ' “The opening of this canal will, therefore, reduce the freight on goods between the east) and west at loast oue-Lalf and probably con- siderably more. twill give us @ free, casy and chenp communication between the eastern and western states. Our commerce will be built up yards and machive chops will epring up, and these sione are wanted toenabie us to build and run ships im competition with Great Britain on the Atlantic occan. Then the diction of Mr. Cramp wili be faltilled, Englishmen will be asking onc auother, we build ships i | j DIFFERENT MODES OF CONVEYANCE. The different modes of conveyance were seribed by the speaker, beginning with earliest known to history, which was the portation of merchandise by caravans, She present time, when steam is the servant He NEW PUBLICATION E REAL Studies of from Photogr Chaties Scrub tano's. THE CHIND R: Thetr Present and Future,—Medi- aud Social. By Ropker Cour Surgeon, Liospital and Dispensary at tu. Miustrated. Philadelpula: F. rd ry PROPLE OF THE UNITED e Kevelutiom to the Civil ek. in Five York: D. Applee vert Beall. Papers, sions ut the Fourteentit he United States, Reid im November ii, 18, 19 aud 9, 1992, ‘womas - oy 's Adventures or, MANVILLE Fe “s in the King's Name. Xew York: D. Appleton & Go. Wale lugion: Robert Beall. AVIES DURING By Capcaia 8. Hivustra: aties Scribuers Sous. Wusiuinge ton: Brentano's. LADY MAKY WORTLEY MONTAGT: — Select Pasaages frota her Le edited by ARTHUR K. Korres, M.A. With nine Portraits. New York: Charles Seriomer's Soma Waslingwon: Beentane’s. A MARVELLOUS COINCIDENCE. An Amer By KINAMAN COKNWALLda, author of With « Vengeance,” et, dew York: GW. Dullugham. —'W tano'®. PATRICK HENRY: Life, fpeeches. By Winasast Weer J wan wrtrait. Volame I. New York: Charles Scrivuer's Sums. Washington: Brentano's. HELEN KELLER SOUVENIL of the First Some r the American Association to Correspondence and ita Bureau. . votain and How to exes MILL OR, Wit i. Kern, New York: LOVE OK MONEY. A Novel. By Kateanree Lec (Mrs. Henry Jenver),Buthor of “A Weste ern Wild Piower,” etc. New York: D. Apple ° ton & Co. THE POCTRINT OF EVOLTTION: Its Scope ané Infuence. By Jonx Fixe. New York: Dy Appleton & Co. "Washington: Rovert Beall. THE TOURISTS’ CARLE CODE. Por the use of those who correspoud by Countries, Washington: Br CONSUMPTION: Tow to Prevent it and tow to Live with it. By N.S. Davis, Jia AD, MD, Philadelphia: F. A. Davis. THE GARSTON BIGAMY, By Ausexr Ross, author of “Moulding a Maiden,” etc.,ete. New York: G. W. Dillingham. THE EVOLUTION OF MUSIC. By % SiDNET ‘Sampson. New York: D. Appleton & Co. Waste ingiou: Kobert Beall. LIFE AS A FINE ART. By Lewis G. Janne. New York: D. Appleton & Co, Washingwou: Robert Beall. THE FEAST OF TRE VIRGINS, and Otner Poums. By H.L-Gonpox. Chicago: Laird & ee. RODGER LATIMER'S MISTAKE. A Novel. By KATUARINE DONRLSON. Chicago: Laird & Lee. GENERAL ISTORY OF THE MUSIC TRADES ‘OF AMEKICA. New York: Bull & Bul. 22 ————— young woman any better because she displays & bracelet on which are bangles given ber by half a hundred former lovers. Neither de young men fecl any more kindly toward @ g a Vl HF l fet i! HI PH rai Bal f H i i t, F i iF