Diario las Américas Newspaper, February 18, 1958, Page 12

eat et vue Inter - Ame*i-an News for English - Speaking people LL ES 5th YEAR G@ A SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGU. Vice Precifent and Publither Antonio Ruts Managing Fditor | tee ee ee ASS AE EEL RE AAT SS SES Pablishea daily except Monaay — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. op February 8 1956. EDITORIAL L. _ Every time there is an opportunity, the people of the watin American countries show the spirit of solidarity which unites them, very closely, and brings them together, both in victory or in misfortune. In the field of international relations, world countries always take this fact into consideration, of that kind’ of spiritual unity, so to speak, in order to coordinate’ better their official acts in connection with any of the Latin Amer: ican nations, in particular in all that which, for one reason or another, may have special transcendence or may hurt g to the case, all the other peoples of the or please, accordin; same origin. Any gesture of cordialit non-Latin American nation toward any of those nations, or to any of their representative figures, has, of necessity, considerable repercussions in the great Latin American f gesture, of course, determines the kind of consequences it may have. Those who carefully analize Latin American political affairs, should study this matter as a joint question, even though, of course, there are exceptional cases according to special characteristics of determined countries. ticularly in the economie field, problems must be consi- dered jointly, because of the close interdependence he- tween the Latin American countries, which is greater than that normally existing among all the peoples of the world, speaking in international terms. Fortunatelly for Latin America and for the United States, as well as for the other world Powers, that parti- cular spirit of solidarity, which does not affect at all. the spirit of Inter American solidarity in general, does not represent a discrimination weakening of the Latin Amer! of world co-existence, so dear to the ideals of the most brilliant: thinkers of Latin America. characteristic, an spiritual reality, which unites even more the peoples who were born culture. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR PRIO’S HANDCUFFING AND JAILING Commenting on the handcuffing and jailing of Cuban ex-President Carlos Prio Socarrdés, Dr. Manuel C. Lores has addressed a letter to our Editor, which reads, as follows: “Dear Dr. Aguirre: “Regardless of one’s personal opinion of Dr. Carlos Prio Soca- tras, no one can deny that he was the last Constitutional President of Cuba. “When he was made to walk * through the streets of Miami, hand- euffed like a common criminal, those handcuffs were physically on his wrist, but, symbolicaly, they G. Ww Vico N_ AMERICAN SOLIDARITY THE AMERIAS DAILY _— ES 8. SMITE Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Viee President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomes Advt. & Cire Mer. SMITH President y or scorn in the part of a all the countries which form amily. The nature of such And par- against any people, nor a ican contribution to the cause This feeling is a together to civilization and democracy. “Six decades ago, our nation went to war with Spain to bring freedom and democracy to Cuba. Paradoxically, what Dr. Prio forbears, he forbears because he may have used our country, the land of the free, as a base from which to bring freedom and demo- cracy to his country, the land of the oppressed. “It might be advisable, however, that Dr. Prio, in deference to the high office that he held, should be meticulous in his compliance with the laws of this nation. were on the wrist of every Ameri- ean, who believes in freedom and crow: *® Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports Perti Plans Desert Irrigation fo Reclaim 250,000 Acres WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — A new irrigation project designed to reclaim about 250,000 acres of Peruvian desert wasteland is sche- duled to get underway within a few months, The project to bring water into the Chao, Viru and Moche valleys in northwestern Pert will involve construction of a 22-mile tunnel the longest in South America. Total cost of the development is estim- ated at $50,000,000. The operation will be underta- en by the Corporation Peruana del Santa, the government agency in charge of constructing a new steel plant and a related hydroelectric power plant at the port of Chimbo- te. In general concept, the Chao-Vi- ru-Moche irrigation project will follow a plan originally drawn up by the late Charles W. Sutton, an American engineer for many years employed by the Peruvian gov- ernment as a consultant on irriga- tion problems. The tunnel scheme for the new system is the chief variant from. the Sutton plan, which proposed use of a lateral canal to bring water to the valleys. The 22-mile tunnel will be driven through the foothills of the Cordi- llera Negra, .or coastal range from a point near Chuquicara in the San- ta River valley to the Chao Valley, Near the outlet of this tunnel a 30,000 kw. hydroelectric plan with three generators of 10,000 Wws each, will be installed. This piant will supply the coastal region and will be tied in with a recently com- pleted 150,000 Kw, plant in the Pa- to Canyon. Water from the Santa River will be carried through the foothills by open canals and smaller tunnels to the Viru and Moche valleys, and - eventually to the desert north of the Chacama Vallew Yours truly. (Signed) Manuel Lores, M.D.” k wk Argentine Govt, Calling for Bids for Building of Canal WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — The Argentine Government will call for bids this month for the construction, maintenance, and operation of two canals estimated to cost $100,000,000. One canal, paralleling the Ber- mejo River, will extend from the Oran oil fields in Salta Province’ to the Parana River port of Barran Tas, a distance of 450 miles, The second canal, 600 miles in length, will connect Oran with the Parana River at a pont near Santa Fe City. The Bermejo is a tributary of the Parana and empties eventually in- to the Rio de la Plata, It is of in- ternational importance since it is formed by the junction of the Up- per Bermejo and Traija Rivers, which mark the frontier between Argentina and Bolivia. Converting this river into a navi- gable waterway by means of a can- al would increase its usefulness al- so as a source of irrigation for farmlands and for electric energy for towns along the canal’s route. The Argentine Government will also tall for bids this month on a concession for the construction and operation of a traffic tunnel under the Parana River between the ci- ties of Santa Fe and Parana. The tunnel more than a mile long and running 90 feet under the wat- er level is estimated to take three years to complete, Its cost is plac- ed at about’ $16,000,000, Preliminary details indicate that the contract for the tunnel will be granted on the basis of a 30-year time limit, with the entire cost to be borne by the concessionaire, who will be authorized to collect traffic tolls. At the end. of the Cuban Rebe in Texas fo HOUSTON, Texas, Feb. 17. — (UP). — The “Houston Post”, in} an exclussive report, said that “Cu- ban rebels are using Houston as one of their centers for a project- ed invasion of their country on July 25.” The newspaper says Cuban re- bels acquired a house in Houston in which they are storing arms] and ammunition brought by rail-) road _to this city. “Cubans are constantly watched by agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, customs Agents and Agents of the Internal Reve- nue Bureau for alcoholic drinks”, the information states, It adds: “According with these Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ MEXICO — Mérida, capital of the State of Yucatan, with a pop- ulation of approximately 200,000, is considered one of the most beau- titful and charming cities of the Re: public. Though retaining its at- tractive colonial atmosphere, it en- joys modern improvements and conveniences. In the center of the city there are smart hotels, shops, theatres, and night clubs. One of the latter, “Los Tulipanes,” is built around a large, ancient well, which is illuminated by an under- water lighting system. In the many fine shops that line the principal streets and avenues, one finds mer- chandise seldom seen in a city of similar size. Restaurants maintain- ed by the larger and better hotels, have excellent, cuisine, with sea food of every variety, venison steaks and chops, and wild dukling featured in the menus. In the smaller restaurants, the gourmet will find such savory re- gional dishes as ‘Pollo Pibil’ which is a delicious barbecued chicken cooked in banana leaves; “pavo con relleno negro” a turkey stuff- ed with chopped pork meat pre- pared with a rich black sauce; “‘co- chinito pibil,” or barbecued suckl- ing pig prepared like pollo pibil and served in banana leaves, and “escabeche oriental,” which is roast turkey in sauce of onion and Xca- tik peppers, and numerous other delightful local dishes. At the main market, with its handsome modern buildings and its stalls lining adjacent streets, al- most every kind of merchandise may be bought, from exquisite sandals arid handbags, purses, mats and baskets, delicately fashioned out of henequén, and tastefully de- corated in colors, to real Panama hats, hardware, delicious roast fish and venison ready to take home, and all kinds of produce. Not well known is the fact that the Panama hat originated in Yucatan, according to natives o fthe city. Occupying the center of the city is the beautifully landscaped and flower-filled Main Plaza. Flanking its east side is the 16th. century Cathedral, an impressive structure with two stately towers. Avovet he main portal with its. nail-studded doors, are the: statues of St. Peter and St. Paul, together with the Spanish Coat of Arms. Crowning the structure is a handsome dome. On the opposite side of the Pla- za is the fine, old City Hall, with its two tiers of magnificent colonial arches. On the north side is the less impressive but. interesting State Palace, housing executive offices; and occupying a sectién of the south side, is the “Casa de Montejo,” built in 1549 as the re- sidence of Francisco de Montejo, Jr. The facade is richly adorned with stone carving in which two huge statues of Spanish Knights in armor are prominent, and the whole splendid panel topped by two lions supporting a scroll nam- ing it as the Montejo residence. | of Bayamo, | Is. Gathering r Invasion, “Houston Post’ Declares plans Houston was to be used as a training camp for 150 recruits who were going to infiltrate here”. The paper says Cuban ex-Presi- indicted last Thurday in New York, for violation of the Neutral- ity Law of the United States. Eight with the ex-President, who was jailed in Miami last Friday, and freed last night after having depo- sited the bond required. According to the Post, “Indict- ment against Prio Socarrés and} the others may stop invasion plans”, | “Cubans in charge of the Hous-! ton operation, .it adds, have alrea-| dy established an operation center | in the Gulf coast. They plan to| send the arms deposited here by truck to the center in the Gulf coast, and unload them in fishing| boats whick. will meet with a lar- ger ship during the night in the Gulf”, “Rumors say Cubans plan to use| the Mexican cities of Tampico and) Veracruz as the sailing points for| the. invasion”, “It is probable the boats loaded | with the armaments in Houston) might leave for those cities to| join a convoy near them”. The paper says some oil com- panies of Houston have reported | an increasing number of Latin) Americans have been looking for maps of Veracruz”. It also says Government Agen- cies are informed the rebels bought on Dec. 10, at Phoenix, Arizona, three fighting planes mo- del P-51, used during last World War, and two others Jan. 11 in an auction at San Bernardino, Cal. dent Dr. Carlos Prio Socarr4s was | others were also accused together | | ditions of the country to determine ‘Chile to Request Czech Financing for her Railroad Electrification SANTIAGO, Feb. 17. (UP). — |The Chilean State Railways . will | meet a Czechoslovakian mission in order to obtain acceptable financ- ing for electrification ‘work, as the International Bank has denied a loan of $25,000,000, Fernando Cruchaga, Director of the railroads owned by the Go- vernment, seemed discouraged with the visit of J. H. Waterson | and H, G. Carlson, officials of the | Bank who came to Chile to inves- tigate economie and financial con- about the loans used for its eco- nomie development. Reliable saurces informed that these officials meant that a credit of $25,000,000 approved in princi- ple, would not be awarded to the railroads. The Company had signed a con- tract for $21,700,000 with the Ita- lian group Azende to supply 56 lecomotives and equipment for the electrification and hoped to finan- ce this contract with loans from the International Bank. The officials of the Credict Ins- titution in Washington said Chile was using great amount in foreign exchange in spite of the extraor- dinary down-fall of copper price in world market, which last year caused a deficit of $60,000,000 on the amount originaly estimated as income. They also informed the country | should endevour to realize greater sacrifices abstaining to make un- necessary imports, if finance cre- dits of medium istallments is desired, Chilean officials, through au- thorized sources, said the imports are well controled and that it is It further says they planned to} buy some bombing planes mo-/| de’ B-26”. | not possible to discontinue some which are indispensable for the economy of the country. HAVANA, Feb. 17 — (UP) — Unconfirmed reports from Oriente Province say today that a great | battle is taking place near the city The reports say casualties are heavy on both sides, adding that the battle staried early Sunday, near Pinos del Agua, and continues | today. Reports from the zone indicate a battle of great proportions is tak- ing place. Other reports, also un- confirmed, say rebel forces taking part in the fight are under direct command of rebel chief Fidel Cas-| tro. Reports from zones near Baya- mo say the Army has sent into bat- tle troops from the garrisons of Bayamo and Manzanillo, supported by tanks and aviation units. Pinos del Agua is a small town on the slopes of Sierra Maestra. U. S. Fishing Boat Sinks Near Pert LIMA, Feb. 17. (UP). — The American Fishing boat, “Stranger” boat, sank while fishing off the coast-of Ascahs Department. Cap tain Louis Marcenovich was com- manding officer of the boat. The fishing boat whose value was estimated in 5,000,000 soles (approximately $250,000) leased by) Coisheco company, was flooded in! all of its hold. Captain Marcenovich and his crew of thirteen men were rescued by a boat which took them to port of ‘Huarmey. . HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief. Two museums, one housing arch- eological treasures and the other arts and crafts, stand side by side on a street close to the Plaza. Scat- tered ‘throughout the city are a number of 16th and 17th century churches, built in mission style for the most part. Outstanding among these are the lovely churches of “La Mejorada,” “El-Convento de San Francisco,” the church of “El Tercer Orden” and the beautiful church of “San Cristobal.” One of the distinctive feature of Mérida’s historic Civic Center is the survival of three imposing ar- ches of colonial architecture, which were once entrances to the city for the various country roads that con- verged there, The growing city. has long since surrounded them, but, they: still stand as a reminder of 30-year period, the tunnel and its complementary works are to be- come the property of the State \ the impressive welcome presented to visitors in early days. Spanish Version Page 3 Prize Offered for Miami's Festival Flag of Americas WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU).— A $1,000 cash prize will be award- ed to the winner of an interna- tional contest to design a “Flag of the Americas”, to be used as the official banner of the Festival of the Americas program at Miami, Fla., in June. The design competition is open to all university and art students of North and South America. En- trants must be received by April 15, and the winning design will be selected on May 4. The win- ner will receive his cash award at the opening of the Festival, a two-week celebration saluting Mia- mi’s ties with the Americas begin- BATTLE REPORTED IN CUBA TWENTY THREE PLEAD NOT GUILTY HERE Here in Miami, twenty three Cu- | bans pleaded not guilty yesterday to charges of attempting to launch a small-scale “invasion” of Cuba from a lonely island in the Florida Keys. It was the largest mass ar: raingment ever held in a South Florida Federal Court. Judge Joseph Lieb granted a de- fense motion delaying the case for another 60 dyas. It will be at least two months befvre a trial date is set, Meanwhile, Dr Carlos Prio Soca- rras changed his residence from a jail cell. to his Miami Beach pent- house late Sunday after pushing his way through a mob of more than’ 300 sympathizers. The wealthy former Cuban pres- ident finally posted $3,000. bond | in answer to charges fo a New York federal grand jury that he and eight others had plotted the overthrow of Cuban President Ful- gencio Batista as exiles in viola- tion of U:S. neutrality act. Prio went to jail in the required handcuffs Friday noon, refusing to post bail because two of the three associates who went with him did not have the money, Those two, however, put up bond and were re- leased saturday. Prio remarked he had been im- prisoned as a young man, “accused pf a conspiracy to free Cuba from a dictator”. is “T have been handcuffed and thrown in jail again for the same reason”, he said, “but I have faith in Cuba’s future and the people’s right to live as free citizens”. For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1958 SENATOR SMATHERS Facio to Request Action on Plan for Disarmament WASHINGTON. (UP). — Costa der, as soon as possible, his plan ica. The diplomat announced that he tina, to fix a date for debate of. the plan, in early March. lation here that Facio had aban- President José Figueres in recent Costa Rican elections. Facio expressed the hope that dent-elect Mario Echandi, will sup- port the plan, in view of the fact that he is opposed, as Figueres’ Government is, to military expen- ditures. SAN JUAN, P. R. (UP)—Gov. Luis Mufioz Marin has reassured the United States that as new forms of freedom are created in Puerto Rico the ties binding it to the U.S. become stronger instead ef weaker, In a statement made at a news conference the Governor referred to the concern expressed recently by two members of the U. S. Con- gress that anti-American sentiment is on the increase in the island and that Puerto “Rico’s Common- wealth status may be leading Puer- to Ricans away from the U. S. Mufioz Marin released the text Clair Engle (D-Calif.) who two days earlier was quoted as saying that Puerto Rico wanted “total ning June 11, Entry blanks for the competition may be obtained; from the Festival of the Americas Committee, P, O. Box 1681, Miami 10, Fla. ~ Dr. Ralph Boggs, director of the University of Miami’s Interna- tional Affairs Department, will be chairman of the competition. A five-man panel of judges will se- lect the winning design. Certifi- cates of honorable mention will be presented to 10 runner-up in the contest. as The Festival of the Americas will feature parades, a Queen of the Americas beauty contest, a travel and trade exposition, and sports events, MALARIA CAMPAIGN SUCCEEDS IN MEXICO “MEXICO CITY. (UP). — Dr, Ig- nacio Morones Prieto, Mexican Health Director, said that only | 1957, thanks to, the Republic’s campaign against the disease in conjunction with the World Health Formerly, the ma- laria mortality rate topped 30,000 Organization. annually. Dr. Morones said incidence was down to 150,000 in 1957 while it formerly averaged 2,500,000 per He said anti-malaria cam- paign chiefs from Africa, Europe, the Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, the West Pacific and North and South America will come here Apr. 12 to avaluate results of the Mexican campaign. They’ will also observe habitation wall-spray and other methods used here to de- stroy malaria-carrying mosquitos. year, DR. Mac.CARL IN GUATEMALA GUATEMALA, — Dr. and Mrs. James W. MacCarl of Maryland are in Guatemala on a brief vac- 3,000 Mexicans deid of malaria in tion. Dr. MacCarl is a Commander Rican Ambassador Gonzalo Facio revealed that he will make efforts tending to have the Organization of American States (OAS) consi- for disarmament of Latin Amer- will ask the OAS Council Chair- man, Eduardo Garcia, of Argen- The announcement ended specu- doned his controversial plan, after | the defeat of the Government of} the Conservative Party of Presi- of letter he wrote Jan. 30 to Rep. |! RED PENETRATION WASHINGTON, Feb. 17. — Sen- ator George Smathers (D.-Fla.) in a speech prepared for delivery to the Senate, called on the United Sates to offer “bold, responsible leadership” to Latin America. He said such a program, coupled with effective economic assistance, will combat strong Soviet efforts to penetrate the.economic and po- litical life of Latin American na- tions. He reported that growing demo- cratic trends in Latin America have been greatly strengthened by recent events, such as the election in Costa Rica and Guatemala. Such promising developments demand enlightened leadership for the whole of Latin America on the part of the United States, if the trend is to grow further: He warned: States has-not provided the quality of leadership necessary to produce the maximum mutual benefits to us and our Latin American friends. “Qur Latin American neighbors look to us for leadership in solving the many problems which confront them today. These are problems in our own backyard. They are the problems of our nearest friends, “In assisting the Latin Ameri- can Republics in the solution of their problems it is vital that we replace leadership characterized by complacency and indifference with leadership characterized by boldness, courage and positive constructive action. In short, res- ponsible leadership”. The Florida Senator also point- ed to the impressive economic gains made in Hemisphere Repu- bliecs in recent years, but caution- |ed that such figures were, in part, he reflection of economic growth from a primitive economy to the first stage of fully matured eco- nomy. i Pent-up demand for higher standards of living in nations to the south of us is now being felt, the Senator said. It is thus im- perative that enlightened assist- ance plans be put into effect by the United States to help these : Member Inter American Press Association @ For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 191 mathers Calls on U.S. to ffer Bold, Responsible eadership in Hemisphere ECONOMIC AID NEEDED TO FIGHT THE EFFORTS, HE SAYS viet Russia will be successful in its relentless attempts to penetrate —and then dominate—Latin Amer- ican economies. He said: “The solution of the economic problems of Latin America rests on more loans, a stable trade poli- cy, and inducements to American private enterprise to invest in these countries on an increasingly larger scale”. To encourage more private in- vestment, he asked that the United States first. support program whereby Latin American countries could advance their health, educa- tion and sanitation. Senator Smathers also asked for a reassessment of American de- fense plans which call for large expenditures by Latin American nations — and a consequent drain “In recent years, the United|0" their strained economies. He said: ‘...the time has come when our government’s policy of assistance to our friends, the Latin Ameri- cans, should be re-evaluated. We should ask realistically does our military assistance truly help them in the defense of their. country and the Western Hemisphere, or does it in fact diminsh the oppor- tunities for the furtherance of the people’s individual rights and li- berties”. Such funds, he proposed, could be diverted to finance a wide pro- gram of public works and construe- tien of roads, schools and hospi: tals: He also warned that: ‘The mounting problems of La- tin America —our neighbors— here on our Western Hemisphere, seem to get less and less attention as developments tie them closer and closer to our future, our welfare, our destiny. - “Today Latin America is seeth- ing with political, economic and social unrest: Because of Latin America’s ‘importance to us from the standpoint of trade, strategy and raw materials, it is essential that we assist-it in solving its problems. It is in our own en- lightened self-interest that we do so. If we fail to assume this res- nations solve growing economic problems, If not, he warned, So- sovereignty” and there was “much anti-americanism” here. The governor’s lette pointed out that the increasing number of Ame- rican businessmen, artist and other visitors coming here were “witnesses to the abscence of anti- Americanism” and always encoun- tered a “warm affection of the people here for the United States” This affection, the letter added, was strengthened since the U. S Congress and Puerto Rico develop: ed a “truly democratic relation- ship, based upon a compact and on the principle of mutual con- sent.” As to Rep. Engle’s statement that Puerto Ricans wanted “total ; Soviereignty,” Mufioz Marin recall {ed in his reply that Puerto Ricans of the American Legion, and mem- ber of the Harris’ Hayden Odon- tological Society, thé American Dental. Association and the Ame- rican College of Dentists. “Last week Dr. Mac. Carl visited the School of Dentistry of the Univer- sity of San Carlos. RAILWAY UNION CONTRACT GUATEMALA, — The Ministry of Labor announced that the con- tract presently — being negotiat- ed between the International Rail- ways of Central America (IRCA) and the railway workers’ union (SAMF) is binding’ for two and one half years. IRCA had insisted it last, three years, ‘and SAMF had held out for only two. MEXICO TO COUNT OUT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN ponsibility, we must be prepared to suffer the consequences”. Ties Binding Puerto Rico to the US. Becoming Stronger, Muiioz Marin Says had rejected independence “at the polls, time after time.” Referring to reports that Sen. James E. Murray, (O-Mont.) had expressed suspicion that the Com: monwealth status perhaps leading Puerto Ricans away “from the main political and cultural currents of U. S, national life,” Mufioz told the news conference that, on the contrary, “the creation of new form of freedom here are con- tributing to a greater solidarity’ between Puerto Rico and the United States.” Munoz. Marin also told the news conference he had: written: Gov, Averell Harriman of New York and Mayor Robert F. Wagner of New York City that Puerto Rico was taking the necessary steps te implement the recommendations otf the Third Annual Migration Con- ference held here recently on pos- sible means to improve the con- ditions of. Puerto Ricon migrants in New York. The Governor said Labor Secre- tary Fernando Sierra Berdecia was advising local mayors to contact persons planning to migrate to the U. S. and persufde them to enroll in English classes before going to the mainland. Mufoz Marin confirmed that Puerto Rico was interested in ereating its own merchant marine ’ asa deferise against the recent 28 per cent increase in marine freight rates between the island and the mainland, who were unable to enroll in schools due to the classroom shor- tage as a first step in solving the dilemma. ~ . The Department said question- naires have been distributed to parents who did not succeed in paeaet their pipet lcs lack of teaching space has n pi tially dileviated by the var free’ acceptance by private schools. of children who. failed to get into public schools, and by the provid- ing of “Emergency classrooms” by MEXICO CITY, (UP) — The De ent of Public Education said it will determine the exact number. of children in the capital labor unions in their meeting halls, The Lions Club of México City s_also. provided 250 el: Public Bducetion Depart