Diario las Américas Newspaper, December 14, 1956, Page 10

Inter - American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR @. A. SAN ROMAN c. W. SMITH 8. SMITH President Vice President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President, Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Mgr. Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs, Fla., on February 8, 1956, ere ES ES SESE 9S SESE I EDITORIAL DEEP THINKING ABOUT THE HUNGARIAN PROBLEM AND ITS INTERNATIONAL SRE an a np RR SRY REPERCUSSIONS Russel Jones, intelligent and able journalist, UP correspondent who was the only United States newsman to see the rebellion of the Hungarian people in Budapest, as well as the savage attack of the Russians, is publishing a series of articles which | invite to deep thinking regarding the problem of Hungary and its international repercussions. DIARIO LAS AMERICAS is publishing them in its editorial page, corresponding to today’s edition the fourth article. In all of them, Russell Jones has been describing the terrible struggle. He begins explaining the cause of it. Later, in a special chapter, he comments the situation of the illustrious Hun- garian, Cardinal Mindzenty, who took asylum in the U.S. Legation in Budapest. Yesterday he explained the reaction of the Hungarian people. over the attitude of the United States with regard to the Hun- garian case. Articles of that nature, which are not a simple and cold presentation of news reports, but which, together with the well drafted report brings in- telligent comment, should be carefully read by those who want to be well informed on of the most serious problems brought about by the struggle between freedom and slavery, between democracy and com- munism. In fact, exerything that is happening in Hun- gary is very serious and has extraordinary signifi- cance for the future. Western statesmen are facing a. political crisis which carries very serious implica- tions, especially regarding the attitude of the Western nations, headed by the United States, in the face of the Hungaran tragedy, which has been determined by a war of aggression against Hungary in the part of Russia. It is very difficult to say if the attitude assumed was conyenient or not. But it can be affirmed that it is of a great significance and that this significance can be interpreted in different manners. In Hun- gary, for example, according to what United Press correspondent Jones says, the Hungarian people’s interpretation of the United States position, forced him to remove the flag of the stars and stripes which covered part of his automobile. And he explains that he did this, not because of acts of violence against him, but due to manifestations of resentment and questions the people asked him in regard to the posi- tion of the Washington government when, by using the flag, he was identified as a North American. “What can a North American answer to questions like that one?”—Jones says—. “I did not know and I continue not knowing yet”, he added in his third) article yesterday. The Hungarian conflict cannot be enclosed within the limits of that country. It has been and continues to be, an international conflict that can neither be enclosed within the orbit of Russia and Hungary, although the war has been between these two coun- tries, with a crushing superiority of the first. It is an international problem of vast repercusions in world affairs. Panam Health Center in Argentina * WASHINGTON—Diseases trans- ficiency, one which the Center missible from animals to man —ra-| will help to remedy, is the practi- bies, hydatidosis, bovine tubercu-|cal application of known control losis and brucellosis are some of procedures. The Center will also the better known— constitute a|provide special diagnostic services, very important public health prob-|test biologics, and conduct applied lem in almost every country in|research for the improvement of) the world. These zoonotic disea-| diagnosis and control. ses also cause enormous losses in} j] the governments in the the rural economy. _. |Americas may contribute to the The agreement for the establish-| work of the Center and receive its ment of a Pan American Zoonoses | services. Already some of the Center, signed in Buenos Aires be-|countries have taken steps to fa- tween the host Government of Ar- cilitate their cooperation with, and gentina and the Pan American\Sa-|yse of, the Center’s services by nitary Bureau, Regional Office of|creating in their national health the World Health Organization, was |services a Division of Zoonoses therefore a landmark in the at-|Control or a Division of Veterina- tack on these diseases and condi- ry Public Health. The Agreement tions. The Center —the first to/ also makes provision for participa- be devoted to the study and control tion by other interested organiza- of the zoonoses on the international | tions, such as the Food and Agri- Jevel—is situated in the city of Azul, Argentina, about 180 miles south of Buenos Aires, There are at least 86 zoonotic di- seases, many of which are found throughout the Americas. Among the functions of the Center will be the training of personnel to diag- nose and. control these diseases wherever they occur, and to pro- vide field and laboratory consulta- tive services when so requested by a participating government. The tools for controlling many of the zoonoses —vaccines, serums, drugs and sanitary methods— are now known to science. The major de- jculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Inter- American Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Organization of | American States, | In addition to a very generous jinitial and annual contribution from the host Government of Ar- |gentina (apart from its regular |quota payments to PASB, WHO and other international organiza- \tions) current financing of the | Center is from the budget of PASB jand the WHO portion of the Unit- ed Nations Expanded Program of |Technical Assistance, For a better understanding | ed the apparition of thé Virgin of Guadalupe to the Indian farm boy Juan Diego, 425 years ago. The Basilica of the Virgin of Guadalupe, located at Tepeyan Hill, about three miles from the center of the capital, was crowded with | the faithful since midnight. From all parts of the country thousands of Catholics arrived to visit the KNOW THY | NEIGHBOR || By ANTONIO RUIZ PERU— This important South | American country occupies today the greatest portion of the ancient’ Inca Empire which, with the Ma- ya civilization of Central Ameri- ca were the two great civilizations flourishing in the Western Me- misphere before the arrival of the Spaniards. In Peru are the most outstanding ruins of the Inca civi- lization, the most outstanding ar- cheological jewels in South Ame- rica, which are in the cities of Machupicehu and Chanchan, and the fortresses of Sacshuaman and Paramonga, the Temple of Chavin and hie Shrine of Pachacamac, among. others. In the year 1532, the Spaniards arrived in Pert, and over the vast territory occupied by the Inca Em- pire, they established the Vice- royalty of Pert. With this vice- royalty great colonial cities, such as Lima, Arequipa and Trujillo, were born. Their urban and re- ligious architecture offers to the tourist today innumerable exam- ples of the oustanding creations achieved by the Indian and half- breed artists of that time. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Republic was born, proclaimed by José de San Martin, the Argentine Liberator, on July 28, 1821, and later consolidated with the victories of Junin and Ayacucho by the liberating armies of Simén Bolivar. Historically, Pe- ru has in its republican character- istics great similarity with the other Latin American nations. The historic ruins can be reach- ed easy and comfortably, and near them there are modern hotels. Cha- chan is in the outskirts of Trujillo, Paramonga and Pachacama near Lima, and Scsahuamén in Cuzco. In Machupicchu, on the mountain sides where the imposing ruins stand, there is a comfortable hotel, which is reached by a modern highwy, to which the name of Bingham was given, honoring the US. archaelogist who discovered the ruins in 1911, The visién of the greatness of the Peruvian past can be seen by the tourist with visits to different archaelogical museums, which have won great admiration for the health of their collections. In Magdalena Vieja, district of Grea- ter Lima, is the Museum of An- thropology, to which one of the most distinguished archaelogists of the Americas, Julio C. Tello, de- dicated all his energies, Its exhibits of Chima and Nazca ceramics are unique in the world. The nummies unearthed from the cemeteries. of Paracas are wrapped in multico- Tor cloths of the finest that any man can weave during any civili- |zation. In Trujillo is the Larco | Herrera Museum, in the Chiclin Hacienda, and in Cuzco the Mu- seum of Science of the University. Crossed from north to south by enormous mountain~ ranges in which there are some peaks of more than 18.000 feet above sea level, Peri was until a short time ago one of the countries of the Ameri- cas, and perchaps of the world, in which communications were most difficult. During the past century solution of the communication pro- blem was tried with railroads. In this century, the problem has been faced with the construction of highways and development of airlines. (Continued tomorrow). Spanish Version Page 3. Buy and Use Christmas Seals Fi ight Tuberculosis! between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1956 Mexican Workers Pray for Hungary's Liberation and “Conversion of Russians’ | MEXICO, Dee. 13 (UP)—Millions| temple, built in the spot where the | | of Catholics solemny commemorat-| Virgin appeared to the Indian boy, Hundred of faithful walked several miles on their knees, while others prayed all night before the altar at the church. Floral offerings formed a virtual mountain around the church. Archbishop Mugiel Da-| rio Miranda officiated at the High Mass. There were numerous traffic ac- | cidents caused by the great crowds, 30 of them in four hours in the wide avenue leading to the sanc- tuary. Two deaths and over 400 wounded have been reported, most of them crushed by the crowds or |hit by fireworks. WORKERS PRAY FOR HUNGARY, RUSSIA More than 200,000 Mexican wor- kers visited the Basilica to pray for the liberation of Hungary, the conversion of Russia to Catholicism and social justice for the laboring class. Additional hundres of thousands of Mexicans are expected to visit! the shrine, most sacred spot in all} México, throughout this month. The apparition of the Virgin to a poor Indian boy 425 years ago is commemorated practically | throughout the whole month of| December. The big day, however,| is Dec. 12, anniversary of the apparition. Yesterday’s pilgrims begged the Virgin to use her good offices for the preservation of moral living and halt the spread of “materia- lism which floods our society with its immorality.” The workers brought floral of- ferings and practically the whole huge Plaza in front of the Basilica) was filled with thouhands of flo-| wer wreaths that could not be] placed inside for lack of room. Thousands of pilgrims unable to enter the overflowing temple heard the services through loudspeakers | try, President FIGUERES Plot to Murder Figueres Fails in Costa Rica Nicaraguan National Guard Members Jailed SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, Dec. 13} (UP) — Police revealed it has frustrated a plot to assassinate President José Figueres, adding that three Nicaraguans were arrest- ed and admitted to be members of | the National Guard of their coun- and to have been sent to Costa Rica secretly to kill Figueres. According to police statements, the three Nicaraguans were arrest- ed at a San José boarding house. They also intended to kill the Minister of Security, Fernando Valverde, and Francisco Orlich, presidential candidate of the Na- tional Liberation Party-headed by Figueres- in the elections of 1957. The Police added that the head | of the group is a lieutenant, who | made a full confession to the judge in charge of the case, and gave several names. and we follow orders.” “We are soldiers—he declared— The Police informed also that when: the arrests were made, three 38 caliber revolvers and a dagger installed arourd the plaza. were taken. NEW YORK, Dec, 13 (UP)—The Inter American Press Association (IAPA) Board of Directors will meet on the 29th, 30th and 31st of March at San José Costa Rica, and the General Assembly in the week starting on October 13th at Wash- ington, Likewise, the Press Freedom Committe will meet in Lima be- fore the above mentioned meetings of the Board at San José, and in Washington before the annual meeting of the General Assembly. These activities were fixed by the Organization’s Executive Com- mission in a meeting held here in New York, in which the President, Guillermo Martinez Marquez, re- cently elected, was authorized by said Executive Commission to decli- ne and express thanks for the in- vitation proferred by Gabriel Cano, owner of the Colombian daily “El Espectador”, of Bogota (discon- tinued by the Colombian govern- ment) asking that the Assembly IAPA fo Hold Meetings at San José Costa Rica, and Washington in ‘57 The President was asked to in- form Cano that the IAPA cannot} hold meetings in a country where freedom of the Press does not exist, but that IAPA has hopes that this condition will be rectified soon. The Preside‘ was also asked to write to the Secretary General of the Organization of American States (OAS), José A. Mora, to express to him the pleasure with which IAPA has seen the rejection of Article VI of the propossed Convention on Rights and Duties of the States, in case of civil strife in some of the American countries, IAPA was opposed to that article as it estimated that it was against the freedom of expression and the Press. The President submitted to the consideration of the Executive Commission his project for the construction of a building for the IAPA in New York. The Commis: sion authorized the President to carry on deeper studies of his pro- Member Inter American Press Association For Liberty, Culture and lemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 130 Guatemalan Delegate to Williams Impressed by Good Will Found in Latin America BUENOS AIRES —(UP)— Mi- chigan Gov. G. Mennen Williams said that during his current Latin American tour he had been impres- sed by the goodwill - generally| shown towards U. S. business. Williams addressed a, luncheon offered by James F. McLoud, pre- sident of Kaiser-Argentina, at the| Buenos Aires American Club, and| attended by prominent American | and Argentine businessmen. The Governor said U. S. busi- nessmen abroad should be given a greater hearing in the Govern- ment at home because it is busi- ness that has pioneered American thought in this part of the world. Williams referred to South Amer- ica as an “awakening giant” and said that the U. S. “would be well advised, in attempting to mold the kind of world in which it wants to | live in the future, to consider the | need for closer partnership with this continent, which must be dev- eloped.” William ssaid he felt the need for greater cultural exchange, in| labor, between farmers, and| through student exchange prog- rams, as.well as through business-| men. | ARGENTINES WANT FOREIGN TRACTORS BUENOS AIRES —(UP)— Th>| national tractor assembly indus-| try —a German-Italian monopoly created by ousted ex-President Juan D. Perén— protested Govern- ment plans to import 5,000 tractors. A communique issued by the tractor monopoly, which is a com-| bine representing one Italian and) three German firms, said ‘there| |which we are grateful and which should be “no change in the pre- sent situation.” Arenales Catalan the UN Condemns Russia's "Mass Murder’ Hungary Answers Sharply Russian Reference to His Country UNITED NATIONS, Dec. 13 — (UP)— In the course of’ his in- tervention in the debate on Hun- gary, the Soviet Union Representa- tive accussed the United States of intervention in Guatemala. “The monopoly of a Fruit Com- pany —said the Russian Delegate— overthrew a legitimately constitu- ted government.” Dr. Emliio Arenales Catalan, Gua- temalan Ambassador to the United Nations stood up as if he was pushed by a spring and asked the Presidency of the Assembly to be allowed to talk. Arenales said: “The Representative of the USSR just mentioned, in an attack in- tended to cover up the crimes she perpetrates in Hungary, Guatema- la’s name and inclusive indicated that the monopoly of the United Fruit Company did intervene in the revolution of June 1954”. “No Guatemalan —indignantly affirmed the diplomat— could ever consent that the name of his Fatherland be maculated and much less. by a struggle between the East and the West”. He added that the only “sin” of | that revolution was “to enjoy the good will of one of the two sides in which the world is divided, for we know was shared by many of the nations represented here.” Arenales reminded the Soviet Delegate that “in my country no foreign soldier died while in Hun- gary, not only are many the Rus- sian soldiers who have died, but 65,000 Hungarian were massacred.” “JT want to put in the records —he affirmed— the most strong received. But I can assure Russia |that her attack will never conceal |the assassination “in masse” and |the massacre of which the Hunga- rian people are the .victims.” At the end of his speech Arena- les received a great ovation. “Batista Suspends Army Operations Against Rebels HAVANA, Dec. 18 —(UP) — President Fulgencio Batista an+ ther military operations against the ther military operations agains the revolutionary forces in the Nique- ro area of southeastern Cuba. A communique issued by the Presidential Palace said operations were suspended because the Cu- ban armed forces had attained their objective—crushing of the revolt. Latest Army estimates placed at around 60 the number of rebels trapped in the Sierra. Maestra mountains in Oriente Provinee. | The revolutionary. force “invaded” Cuba 10 days ago but was almost immediately intercepted by Cuban warplanes and troops. The Government had given the rebels holed up in the Sierra Maes- tra until noon today to surrender with “full guarantees” of their lives. Only five known revolution- aries had surrendered before the deadline. However, a Government communique noted the ruggedness of the region and said t<ddps were instructed to maintain present po- sitions and accept late-comers. The Government offer was trans+ protest of my Delegation for the abuse the name of my country has/ mitted to the rebels by loudspeak- er and air-dropped leaflets. _ CALI, Colombia. (UP) — Res- idents of this city of more than 500,000 will spend a sad Christmas this year because of the devasta- ting explosion that killed at least 1,000 persons and injured 5,000 ANN SHERIDAN’S ARREST ORDERED MEXICO CITY — (UP) — The district attorney’s office issued a warrant for the arrest of actress Ann Sheridan Wednesday in con- nection with an adultery charge lodged against her by the es- tranged wife of Mexican actor Ro- dolfo Acosta. In formal charges filed more than a month ago, Jeanine Cohen Acosta asserted her husband and Miss Sheridan shared a “love nest” in a swank México City apartment meet in that capital. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS OIL COMPANY QUITS PERUVIAN FIELDS LIMA —(UP)—After three years of extensive work and the invest- ment of more than $1.05 million, the International Petroleum Com- pany has announced that it will abandon the search for oil in its grants of the Sechura Desert, in the Department of Piura. The IPC drilled nine well find- ing neither oil nor commercial gas. Other fifteen companies with grants in the same region, have drilled fifteen wells with the same results. The IPC said it will send its geo- logists into the jungle to study the possibility of drilling for oil there. It is believed here that such enter- prise will require much time due to the geographical conditions of the region and the high cost of drilling in the jungle. RIO TO INCREASE POLICE FORCE RIO DE JANEIRO. (UP) —Pres- ident Juscelino Kubitschek an- nounced that he is adding more ject. district police in an attempt to curb a recent sharp increase in crime. The announcement was made after an emergency meeting at the Presidential Palace with the Minis- ter of Justice, the Chief of Policey the Commander of Military Police and the Chief of the Presidential Military Household. Most serious in a series of crimes | of violence last week was the attempted hold-up of the Lowndes Bank in broad dailight, during which the manager of the bank was shot and killed, The wife of a Supreme Court Justice was assaulted and her hand- bag stolen at noon while shopping in the elite Copacabana residential aréa, Newspaper reported three ho- micides and at lesast a dozen major robberies, aside from ordinary gang fights and burglaries. The Federal Police will also, add 21 units to its fleet or radio patrol than 2,800 agents to the federal cars, building. Latin American News in Brief ARGENTINES HAVE LARGEST SAUSAGE BUENOS AIRES. (UP) — What was claimed to be the world’s largest sausage was ready for Christmas here. It measures 10 feet long ‘and three feet, in circumference and it weight 444 pounds. Biggest problem faced by its maker, butcher Juan Pereaire, of La Plata, was the ‘casing, It took special guts from 20 steers to fashion it. U. S. SNARK MAY HAVE FALLEN IN GUIANA PARAMARIBO, Surinam, (UP) -—Snark, the U. S, runaway missile, is believed to have fallen some- where in the jungles of the French or Dutch Guiana, in Northern South America, Several persons living along the Maroni River which separates Surinam (Dutch Guiana) and French Guiana claim they saw a flying object explode last week, At first they thought an airplane had crashed in the area but later heard reports that the guided mis- others three months ago in one of the worst disasters in Colombian history. The usual fireworks and similar outdoor demonstrations of yuletide merriment were banned by local authorities, feeling that the city is stil in mourning. Seven army trucks loaded with high explosives blew up in a busy section of the city at around mid- night last August 7. Some 40 city blocks were leveled by the blast, Officials say the exact number of casualties probably will never be ascertained because countless) bodies were literally atomized. Reconstruction of the razed areas and rehabilitation or nearly 20,000 persons left homeless and destitute was proceeding at'a slow pace. 30 MILLION LOSS Material damages were expected to exceed $30 million. Thousands { sile fired in Florida was lost and suggested it could have been the object they saw explode above the jungle. (Advises from Rio de Janeiro said Brazilian Air Force and Navy authorities had no reports of the missile falling anywhere in Brazil, where U. S. experts thought it might have dropped.) (Brazilian officials pointed out, however, that due to the vastness of the central Brazilian wilderness, if the snark fell in some uninhabit- ed area it is unlikely it will ever be located.) DOLLARS INSUFFICIENT IN ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES. (UP)—Finance Minister Eugenio Blanco said that Argentine dollar export earnings are still insufficient to tie Argen- tine economy to the dollar. Blanco told a news conference that Argentine’s economic policy is in favor of multilateral trade. He denied that trade pacts signed in Paris with a number of European nations had tied the Argentine economy to the pound sterling, Cali, Colombian City in Mourning, will have no Xmas Celebrations of tons of debris and ashes have been removed from the site which resembles a huge crater such as would be gouged by a dozen “block buster” air bombs. * Affected property owners have partitioned off their plots with barbed wire fences. Some tempo- rary sheds have been erected, where merchants formerly kept stores and shops and some business has resumed, especially in agricul- tural machinery and similar lines. Private contributions amounting to nearly $1,500,000 ‘have been col- lected, Prevailing military censor- ship has. prevented thus far disclos- ure of even the approximate amounts appropriated by National, Provincial and Municipal govern- ments for relief and reconstrue- tion. In addition to private money contributions large amounts’ of drugs, food and clothing have been received from all sections of Colombia and from several foreign countries, ‘ VENEZUELAN DISPLAY GREAT GENEROSITY A temporary village of some 500 pre-fabricated aluminium homes is being erected a few miles from the site of the explosion to house the poorer’ rufferers. ee The Government of neighboring Venezuela has undertaken to build at its expense a 140-family housing project costing about $4 million, as a gift to Colombia. The corner stone of the project was laid by Venezuelan National Defense Min- ister Brig. Gen. Oscar Mazzei a few weeks ago, The ‘United States, Argentina, Bolivia, Dominican Republic, Eeua/ dor, Panamé~and Venezuela are among the countries that have made liberal relief contributions. The Organization of American States and other international bodies are also helping. that the state of Argentina’s for- eign trade does not permit us to tie our economy to the dollar”. Blanco said the provisional gov- ernment’s policy is to stand firmly behind the industrialization or Ar- gentina but’ that the emphasis must be laid on heavy industry, primarily oil, steel and chegjicals, without “The sad truth,” he said, “is which, he said facturing in- dustry e7°* son