Diario las Américas Newspaper, November 14, 1956, Page 10

Inter - American News for English- Speaking people senescent eee NEN 4th YEAR Cc. W. SMITH 8. SMITH Vice President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Viee President. Fditar and Manager G. A SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Mgr sso stances aren nen ES Antonio Ruiz Managing Fditor Published daily except Monday — Bmvered as second class matter at the Post ffice of Miami Springs. Fla. om February % 1956. EDITORIAL THE PRESS BEHIND THE IRON CURTAIN Within the borders of the Communist Empire, | the press, as everything else, is only a cog in the official machinery of the State, at the service of the political interests of those in the government. Behind the iron curtain not only there is no newspaper opposing the philosophical system that the communist dictatorship has established, but the press cannot even publish opinions which, without attacking the form of government in its essence, may be contrary to the way in which the regime or certain official agencies act. When in a country not one voice of opposition is heard. when there is not even one newspaper which, even slightly, may differ with the opinion of the Chief of State or with that of high officials in the administration, it should not be attributed to normal acquiescense of the whole country with what the Chief of Government thinks and does. That is humanly impossible. Unanimous support of a whole community can never be achieved, perman- ently, without exception, to a program of Govern- ment or to the policies of a leader. When there is no opposition whatsoever, even in matters of administrative character, it is because there is no atmosphere of freedom propitious to those necessary expressions of grievance in public, which are, more than that, an indispensable function of orientation and equilibrium for those in power. The Russian people and those of other nations subjugated by the red tyranny have no opportunity | to know what is happening in the rest of the world,| in the same way they don’t know what is happening in their own country, except what government of- ficials want them to know. The fact that the Press carries on a transcen- dental informative mission, with orientation character, when‘ it is developed within norms of liberty, is the reason why behind the Iron Curtain there is no press unless it is the one which burns incense to the powerful, the one that bends in submission, and has no other mission than to) proclaim and defend the communist ideology and system; without the most insignificant discrepancy on philosophic questions, the quality of the men who govern the country, or the convenience of fixed administrative programs. That unique press—the one which only praises and deifies the regime—is as necessary as the one party for the existence of the authoritary regime, before which no epposition is allowed to be voiced nor civic-political movement which, within order, aspires. to renovation of authorities or the methodical change of system, permitted. CHARTER OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES ARTICLE 40 Any Member State may request that a Meeting of Consultation be called. The request shall be addressed to the Council of the Organiza- tion, which shall decide by an absolute majority whether a meeting should be held. ARTICLE 41 The program and regulations of the Meeting of Consultation shall be prpeared by the Council of the Organization and submitted to the Member States for consideration. ARTICLE 42 ¥,, for exceptional reasons, a Minister of Foreign Affairs is un- able to attend the meeting, he shall be represented by a special delegate, ARTICLE 43 In case of an armed attack within the territory of an American State or within the region of security delimited by treaties in force, a Meeting of Consultation shall be held without delay. Such Meeting shall be called immediately by the Chairman of the Council of the Organization, who shall at the same time call a meeting of the Council itself. ARTICLE 44 y An Advisory Defense Committee shall be established to advise the Organ of Consultation on problems of military cooperation that may. arise in connection with the application of existing special treaties on collective security, ARTICLE 45 The Advisory Defense Committee shall be composed of the highest military authorities of the American States participating in the Meet- ing of Consultation. Under exceptional circumstances the Govern- ments may appoint substitutes. Each State shall be entitled to one vote, ARTICLE 46 \ The Advisory Defense Committee shall be convoked under the same conditions as the Organ of Consultation, when the latter deals with matters relating to defense against aggression, ARTICLE 47 - The Committee shall also meet when the Conference or the Meet- ing of Consultation or the Governments, by a two-thirds majority of the Member States, assign to it technical studies or reports on specific subjects, For ! | | | | | | | | (UP)— Mexican fishermen accused Americans of “piracy” in the Gulf of México fired on a U. S. shrimp boat last night, seri- }ously wounding the captain, it |} was reported today. * | U.S. and Mexican | studied conflicting reports of the incident here -today. Some fisher- |men said the shots were fired from |a Mexican Coast Guard cutter. | The Mexican Coast er G-28 was reported to have sped toward the “Pescador,” a shrimp boat from Brownsville, Tex., after armed crews of several Mexican fishing boats put out from Tampi-| co in search of what they called “American pirates.” KNOW | THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ CHILE — The Province of Osor- | no, in the southern part or Chile, is an agriculture and livestock cen- ter of great importance, both in- dustries having achieved a high degree of development. With a population of about 125,000, the province has many attractions and points of interest for tourists. The provincial capital, Osorno, is one of the most progressive cities of Southern Chile. It was founded in 1553, with the name of Santa Ma- rina de Agaete, as an homage to the memory of the wife of con- queror Pedro de Valdivia. Upon death of the Conqueror, the work of construction was abandoned. Five years later, in 1558, Gar- cia Hurtado de Mendoza built it and named it San Mateo de Osorno. The establishment of some textile mills and a mint were of great help to the progress of the city; however, in the year 1602, it was destroyed by the attacks of the Araucanians, Rebuilt once again, it was given the name of Osorno, as an homage to Viceroy Ambro- sio O'Higgins, who had the title of Marquis of Osorno. Located in a very picturesque site between the rivers Damas and Rahué, it is today a city with all the characteristics of a modern me- tropolis, with beautiful and mo- dern buildings, wide and well pav- ed streets, avenues and parks, good hotels, theaters, social clubs, ex- cellent public utilities, etc. As tour- ist center, Osorno is surrounded by many interesting places, with which it is connected by excellent highways. Among these, the most famous are San Pablo, Rio Bueno, La Unién, Ranco Lake, to the north; the lake and warm springs of Puyehue, and the warm springs of Rupanco, to the east; Puerto Octay and Puerto Varas, to the south; Ensenada and Petrohué, to- ward the Andes, and Peulla, locat- ed at the eastern shore of the beautiful Todos los Santos Lake. Osorno is the starting point for one of the most interesting inter- national highways which, through the Pérez Rosales Pass, located in the Llanquihue Province, rea- ches the Argentine town of San ;Carlos de Bariloche. This highway runs through one of the most beautiful tourist regions, with some of the most magnificent landscapes, according to promin- ent travelers from many parts of the world. A new route, recently constructed, goes across the Andes through the Puyehué Pass, at about 5,000 feet above sea level, which leaves from Puyehué Lake, to El Rincén, about 60 miles away, on the shores of the Argentine meets at Correntoso with the Ba- tiloche road. The trip to Osorno can be made from Santiago very comfortably in the railroad going to Southern Chile, as well as by bus or private car, About 5 miles south of Osorno, at 650 feet above sea level, is Pu- yehué Lake, which forms part of the marvelous chain of Chilean lakes. It is located in the middle of some virgin forests, with some small cultivated valleys in the near- by region, There is abundance of fish in this lake, and many tourists are attracted by the fact that very often specimens of unusually large size are caught. Arrangements for fishing trips can be made at the hotel, which also has automobiles for hire and horses for riding in the beautiful forests surrounding the lake. At a little more than a mile from the eastern shore of the lake are the Puyehué Springs, which . are very famous both among Chileans and foreigners; The hotel at the , (To Be Continued) springs is equipped with all mo- U.S. Captain Wounded in “Shrimp War’ by Mexican Fishermen Near Tampico TAMPICO, México, Nov. 13 — who authorities | Guard cut-| Lake Nahvuelhuapi and, crossing it, |. a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 195 Radio reports said Tom Wilson of Brownsville, captain of the “Pes- cador,” was shot twice in the back. It was believed one bullet struck jhim in the kidney. The shooting appeared to, be the most serious of a series of disputes between U. S. and Mexican com- mercial fishermen, Mexican fishermen said about 12 U. S. shrimp boats were fishing | within the 9-mile limit claimed by México, about 150 miles south of |Port Isabel, Tex. The Mexican fishermen, shov- ing off from Tampico, said they were. taking the law into their own hands “because there are no | Mexican craft close enought to the pirates.” “Tf we are fired upon we will re- turn the fire,” they said. Meanwhile, a five-man United |States Congressional Committee |and a party of ranking U. S. Coast |Guard officials arrived in México to discuss the “shrimp war” be- tween Mexican and U. S. fisher- men, it was reported. The Congressional Committee is headed by Rep. J. Vaughan Gary, D., Va., and the Coast Guard group is headed by Vice Adm. Alfred C. Richmond, Commandant of ‘the U. S. Coast Guard. Before coming to México, they held hearings in Brownsville, Tex. on U. S, fishermen’s complaints that their shrimp trawlers had been fired on in international wat- ers off México and that their fish- ing gear and shrimp catches had LUIS M. CHAFARDET-URBINA Chafardet - Urbina is Promoted by Venezuelan Govt. to Ambassador CARACAS — General Marcos Pérez Jiménez, President of the Republic, in a resolution pub- lished in the “Official Gazette,” appointed Luis M. Chafardet-Ur- bina, well-known in Venezuelan political and diplomatic ‘circles, as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Dom- inican Republic. Chafardet - Urbina, with more than fifteen years in the foreign service of the Republic, had con- cluded his work as Venezuelan representative before the Coun- cil of the OACI in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, where thanks to his efforts, it was decided that the Tenth Assembly of that or- ganization should meet in Cara- been confiscated. cas. HAVANA, Nov. 13—(UP)—The Inter American Press Association (IAPA) announced the appoint- ment of a subcommittee of three members which will be in charge of watching that three newsmen jailed in Managua, accused of com- | plicity in the murder of President Somoza, get an impartial trial. President of the subcommittee is Ricardo Castro Beeche, of Cost Ri- ca. The other two members are José Dutriz, from El Salvador, and Samuel Lewis, from Panama. The subcommittee will visit Ma- nagua shortly, to intercede in favor of the newsmen. REVOLUTION HAD BEEN PLANNED MANAGUA, Nov. 13—(UP)—In declaration made before the Mili- VENEZUELAN DEFENSE MINISTER PAYS VISIT TO COLOMBIAN BASE MEDELLIN, Colombia, Nov. 13 (UP)— Venezuelan Minister of Defense, General Oscar Mazzei Carta, ended his visit to this city and left for Cartagena, were he will be the guest of the authorities of the first Colombian Navy Base. The Venezuelan Minister will go later to Santa ‘Marta and to San Pedro Alejandrino, the ranch where Simon Bolivar, the Liberator of Colombia and Venezuela, died. In his visit to this city General Mazzei Carta was welcomed by the civil and military authorities and visited the textile mills, which IAPA Subcommittee Going to Managua to See That Newsmen Get Fair Trial tary Junta investigating the murder of President Anastasio Somoza, Doctor Enoe Aguado, who was can- didate for President in the 1946 elections, said that he was in the knowledge that Nicaraguan ex- iles were preparing a revolution be- fore Somoza’s murder. Aguado said that Edwin Castro | Rodriguez had commisioned him to transmit the report to Dr. En- rique Lacayo Farfan, also arrested in connection with the investiga- tion. Lacayo Farfan, on the other hand, declared before the Junta that the news given to him by Aguado, was transmitted by him to Colonel Lisandro Delgadillo, Commander of the National Guard in Leén, when the crime was com- mitted. Lacayo Farfan said’ Del- gadillo “was surprised at first with my report, but when he was told that I had already talked to Agua- do, he thought for a while and answered that if that was not go- ing to be a wild mistake, but a well-planned thing, he could part- icipate.” Twenty one of the accused of participation in President Somoza’s murder plot have appointed their defense lawyers, Among them is ex President Emiliano Chamorro, head of the Conservative Party, who will be defended by..Horacio Argiiello Bo- lafios. "Salvador Buitrago Aja will defend Enoc Aguado, and the edi- tor of the newspaper “La Prensa”, are considered Colombia’s best, HEMISPHERIC EVENTS INTERAMA GETS LOAN TALLAHASSEE —(UP)— The Cabinet released $8,575 to the struggling Inter-American Center Authority today to pay its October expenses and salaries and keep it operating trough November. The money came from a $23,000 loan approved Oct. 30 to keep the authoritiy going on a skeleton ba- sis until it can market its bonds or until the Legislature acts in April. RUTH ROMAN WEDS AT “EL PANAMA” PANAMA—(UP)— Motion pic- ture actress Ruth Koman and Las Vegas nightclub owner Bud Moss were married at the Hotel El Pa- nama here, It was her third mar- riage and his first. dern conveniences, has a swiming pool with warm water. At the village there are stores of all kinds, as well as a chapel for religious services. This region is one of the most popular in Southern Chile during the summer season, (Continues tomorrow) Spanish Version Page 2 Pedro Joaquin Chamorro will be defended by Manuel Morales Ruiz. The couple arrived on the Nor- wegian steamer Berlanger from Los Angeles. They said they had planned to marry aboard the ship shortly after sailing from Los An- geles but that for some reason the captain was unable to marry them. Miss Roman made a quick tour of local shops looking for a wed- ding dress after deciding that the outfit she had picked for a ship- board wedding off California was not suitable for a similar opera- tion in a De-Luxe Hotel. She wore a flésh-pink brocade sheath and carried in her hand a bouquet of gardenias, El Panama Hotel chairman . Roberto Eisen- mann gave the bride away. Ann Henriquez was the maid of honor and Panama businessman Fernan- do Eleta was best man. After the wedding, the couple rushed to Cristébal to rejoin the Berlanger for their honeymoon tor to Antwerp, Paris and Ma- drid. They also rejoined the wed- ding bouquet which Moss said he forgot to remove from the ship’s icebox when they came ashore, Lo- cal blooms were used in a pinch PRIO INDICTED IN HAVANA FOR CRIMES AGAINST THE STATE HAVANA, Cuba, Nov. 13—(UP) Former President Carlos Prio So- carras, now in exile, was charged with crimes against the State in an indictment filed yesterday in the Urgency Court here. The indictment was based on a police report of an alleged con- spiracy to overthrow the govern- ment of President Fulgencio Ba- tista by an invasion through west- ern Cuba coordinated with local terrorist activities. Col. Orlando Piedra, Chief of the Bureau of Investigations, filed the report. It specifically accused Prio of providing $200,000 for Fidel Castro, an exile in México to fin- ance the invasion. According to the report, the plotters met in a Miami, Fla., hotel Oct. 22 and 23 to complete plans for the attempt, allegedly to be launched in mid-November. In addition to Prio, the indict- ment named more than 20 leading members of his political party, most of whom also are in exile. LLERAS CAMARGO TO |GO TO HUNGARY WITH INVESTIGATION TEAM BOGOTA, Nov. 183—(UP)— Ex- President Alberto Lleras Camargo, ex-Secretary of the Organization of American States, accepted the invitation extended to him by Dag Hammarskjold, Secretary General of the United Nations, to form part of the committee investigating the Hungarian case, Lleras received the invitation on Saturday and announced that he expects to leave this week. Invited also to form part of the Commission were the Swedish in- ternationalist Emil Sandstrom and the ex-President of the North- American Delegation to the United Nations, Philip Jesup. The Commissioners will go to New York and after finishing their work will render a report. Another Commission would go to Hungary to study the problem on the spot. ASUNCION, Paraguay —(UP)— A group of 750 Britons and Ger- mans have established a flourish- ing communal society in the wild- erness of the Paraguayan Chaco, where money is unknown and each draws for his needs from the com- mon store. Their brotherhood settlement, known as Primavera (Spring), is located about 50 miles inland from Paraguay River. It occupies a fairly flat land in the wilds of the Chaco jungles, coy- hit. Miss Roman’s little boy Dicky, who became parted from her when the Andrea Doria, where they were passengers, collided with the Stockholm a few weeks back, re- mained on the Berlanger with a maid for the Canal transit. SALVADOREAN COFFEE TO WEST GERMANY WASHINGTON —(UP)— The Commerce Department’s Foreign Commerce’ Weekly says that West Germany is now a close second to the United States as marked for El Salvador’s exports of coffee. Exports to West Germany have recently increased. El Salvador’s total exports in first half of 1956, including two- thirds of the coffee crop, were valued at $85,600,000, and impdrts were $49,900,000... “Despite some concern over Possible fall in coffee prices, the Salvador 1955-56 crop was largely disposed at an estimated average price of 66 cents (US) per pound,” the weekly stated. “Exports of about 960,000 bags were valued at the tiny port of Rosario, on the Member Inter American Press Association For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity LAW CLARIFYING WASHINGTON, Nov. 183—(UP) Lavern Dilweg, representing the U. S. Citizens Association of the Canal. Zone, said today he will re- commend that the new Congress enact a law to clarify administra- tive rulings on salaries in the Zone. He said in a statement that citi- zens employed in the zone “are entitled to job and salary protec- tion” and. the protection should come from Congress, ‘If the Panama Canal Company follows the basic principle in em- ployment now established that po- sitions primarily filled from the United States will be based on U. S. rates and positions primarily filled by local recruitment will be based on local rates, the possibili- ty of downgrading positions and salary still remains a definite threat to the security of the Unit- ed States citizen employe,” he said. “In the past when the position was downgraded the incumbent was subjected to not one but four different policy decisions by the NUMBER 106 Legislation on Salaries in Panama Canal Zone to be Submited to Congress SALARY RULINGS WILL BE ASKED FROM LEGISLATORS former Governor and his Adminis- tration, none of which afforded the individual the kind of job.security he was entitled to. 4 “Tt is well to remember that his Government offered him many emoluments and advantages if he would leave his home landa nd become a career employ in the de- partments in the Canal Zone. He entered into a contract in good faith and is entitle to job and sal- ary protection,” Dilweg also said he is informed that various bills designed to im- plement the 1955 treaty have been submitted to the bureau of the budget and the final draft would be ready before the first of the year. He said the foundation has been laid which supports the necessary changes in the administration of the Panam Canal Company and necessary legislation to bring about such changes will be introduced in the first session of the new Con- gress, Government Junta TEGUCIGALPA, Nov. 13—(UP) The Liberal Party leader, Dr. Ra- mon Villeda Morales, returned sud- denly to Honduras after four months of exile, and immediately asked the people to support the new Military Junta which gov- erns the country. Villeda Morales was in exilei n Costa Rica since the deposed re- gime of Chief Executive Julio Lo- zano Diaz-ordered his expulsion from the country almost four months ago. The Liberal leader headed the opposition to Lozano Diaz since the later assumed power after the pre- sidential elections in 1956 in which Villeda Morales obtained the majority of votes, but not sufficient to be automatically recognized as ering about 45,000 acres, of which they cultivate about 20,000 acres. When Germany was defeated in World War I, Eberhardt Arnold, formed an International Brother- hood of Man, based on the teach- ings of the Moravian Anabaptist sect founded by Jakob Huter in 1533. Hitler tried to break up the tiny group as he had done with the Y. M. C, A., and the Rotary Club and the Salvation Army. Arnold and his followers fled to Holland and then moved to Britain | Latin American News in Brief approximately $96,000,000.” About 37,000 bags of Salvador- ean coffee was made into soluble coffee, of which three-fourths was exported. PUERTO RICANS MUST PAY MINIMUM WAGES WASHINGTON—(UP)— Three important Puerto Rican industries must increase minimum wages for 40 per cent of their 7,000 em- ployees to $1 and hour effective Nov. 25, it was ordered. The new $1 minimum will apply in certain specific segments of the metals, plastic and electrical manu- facturing industries — the chief producers of durable goods on the island. i The latest wage order issued by the Labor Department carries, out the recommendations of special in- dustry committee of 24, which in- vestigated pay scales in the three Puerto Rican industries concerned. Minimums in all segments of the three industries were ordered in- creased. In some, however, the new minimum will not be as high as $1. in Honduras Gets Support From Liberal Party Leader President. Lozano Diaz was depos ed recently by a Military Junta, As soon as the followers of Vi Heda Morales knew of his arrival, they converged in great numbers to his home, although it was rain- ing hard, and demanded that he would come out. After greeting the multitude, the Liberal leader said: “I have only three things to tell you. First, that you should support the Military Junta; second, that I am grateful but I do not want demonstrations and third, that pos- sibly within a month, I will leave for Spain.” Reliable sources have said’ that Morales Villeda has accepted the post of Honduran Ambassador to Spain. * Communal Society of Europeans is Successful in Paraguayan Chaco in 1937, where they set up a con munal farm in the Cotswold hills and were joined by kindred British souls. ; ek When Britain went to war with Hitler, the brotherhood, as con- scientious objectors, were allowed to migrate to Paraguay, in 1940-41, They live in three villages hack- ed out of the wilderness. Their solitary all-purpose truck jolts over a rude trail to Rosario where river steamers ply in about six hours, Its horsedrawn wagons taken ten to twelve hours. ace The men and women of the Brotherhood fell trees in the for- ests for fuel and housing, and even for carvings which they send to Asuncién for sale to tourists. They work the land, preserve food, make each other’s clothes from the wool they grow and weave themselves. Decisions are taken by all in council. There is no private aa perty and all who join must hai over their possessions to the com- munity, Nobody gets any wages and money is unknown. Primary education is given by the more gifted members but clever children are sent to Asuncién or even to Europe to continue their ed tion. When boys and girls reach twen- ty years of age they must decide of their own free will if they wish to continue in the community. The men wear long beards and _' women ankle-length dresses, wit aprons and handkerchiefs. a Four brothers and sisters leet. ed for life form the Bruderhat or Supreme Council. They are also three doctors, two nurses, a midwife and a dentist, all brothers in the community. There is a small hospital. . : 6 eo The community is prosperous and owns large herds of. cattle, about 3,000 head, mostly cros: zebu and local animals, anes twenty thousand books in and German in the library and two much-used radio sets se