Diario las Américas Newspaper, October 13, 1956, Page 8

ewsstand quickly give the lie to Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR S. SMITH Vice President G. A. SAN ROMAN j President Cc. W. SMITH Vice President | FRANCISCO AGUIRRE HORACIO AGUIRRE | Vice President and Publisher Vice President. Editor and Manager || | | Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Mgr ees Ne ERASE Published daily oxcent Monday — Emrered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs. Fla. on February & 1956. EDITORIAL OCTOBER 12 IN THE UNITED STATES With the occasion of the anniversary of the} discovery of America realized by Spain, in the United States a laudable custom has been taking root during the last few years, which consists in using the op-| portunity presented by the glorious anniversary, of | so much and particular significance for the peoples of Hispanic origin, to pay tribute to the bonds of | friendship between the people of the United States) and those of the Latin American nations, ° There is more than enough reason for the| Twelve of October to be the inspiring motive for the strengthening of those bonds, because, with ‘the demonstrations ot good feeling from the people of the United States to the Hispanic feat of the discovery, cordiality is increased in a very special} way with the sister republics of the Hemisphere which, because of spiritual and blood bonds, are par- ticulary proud of the glorious feat realized by Spain in 1492. Efforts of this nature, like the one being made in this country every year on October 12, tending | fo etnote reciprocal friendship and appreciation| ‘ween the Latin American peoples and that of | She United States, will bear in the near future excel- Jent fruits in the field of continental brotherhood) and solidarity. The important part of this effort is that it covers every region of the United States and is} taking deep roots in the school, where the future of the nation is shaped with the seed planted in the) intelligence and heart of the children. In Latin America this gesture of the United States is received as additional evidence of the desire of this great nation to strengthen the bonds which unite her with the immense group of American nations born from the Spanish culture and civiliza-| tion. THE VAST CULTURE OF THE FOUNDING FATHERS OF THE UNITED STATES Among those who founded the Republic of the United States and directed her first steps, there were many men of a vast culture in different branches of human knowledge, condition. to which it may be attributed, in great part, the triumph of, the institutional life in this great nation. However, besides being well prepared in State science, and possessing cultural knowledge of general character, their patriotism was an essential factor) in victory, and fundamentally it was, no doubt, their | greatest inspiration. In these times in which little importance is given | in most of the world to a well directed general culture of humanistic character, to give absolute importance, and as absolute inconvenient, to specia lized culture, excluding all other knowledge, it is fit| to remember how useful in the forging of the great- ness of the United States was the intellectual capacity, of a wide scope, of the illustrious men who! laid the solid foundations of the Nation. What the United States is now, is the logical result of the; manner in which those illustrious citizens outlined the destinies of the Republic. NEO-PERONISTS COMPLAIN THERE IS NO PRESS FREEDOM IN ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES—(UP) Nation- alist and Neoperonist periodicals are contionually complaining there ‘is no freedom of the press in Ar- \gentina. Either they accuse the ‘more important newspapers and ‘magazines exercising auto-censor- ship or charge the Government ‘with withholding newsprint from position organs. |: .-Ten pesos spent at any corner such papers, quickly show the vi- gor and uninhibited play of pol- litical feelings, with sharp oriticism freely voiced, something not seen for twelve long years around here. The principal attacks on the gov- ernment are aimed at its labor policy, the remote tentative date set for general elections, at the proposed South Atlantic Defense Conference, etc., and most hail Rigoberto Pérez Lopez who shot and killed President Anastasio So- moza as a patriot and hero. Bet- ter relations with the U. S. A, are also a prime target. “Nuestra Palabra — the Com- munist Party weekly — carries headlines like these: “Amnesty: a Public Clamor. . .Hunger in Avel- laneda. . .Press and Radio Con- trolled as in the time of Apold,.. Election Frauds in Unions. A fellow-traveling sheet called “Propdsitos”, edited by Leonidas Barletta refers to the 100 million dollar credit from the Eximbank: “Are they lending it or taking it away?. . .What shall we do with the loan?, . . and an article by the radical politician Santiago del Cas- tillo is headed: “The people are charges. One may well ask in how many Latin American ‘eountries could such news be print- as appears daily in a flock of litical sheets all fired with the ‘heat of pre-electoral combat. The Radical Party alone has more publications than divisions in its ranks, which are numerous enough. Every shade of political thought is represented from the straight Communist Party offi- cial pubjications and fellow-travel- ing front organizations, through all the shades of socialism and radic- alism; yes, and even anarcho-syn- dicalist: — Christian democracy, plain old-fashioned conservatism, liberalism and so ultra-nationalism | and “neo-peronismo”. jramar and O’Higigns, \“El Tranque” For by Cuban Go a better understanding between the Americas IRF Officials Decorated vernment for Meritorious Services WASHINGTON, Oct. 12—(UP) Cuban decorations in recognition of special services to highway pro- grams in Cuba and Latin America were awarded to officials of the International Road Federation (I RF) here. Ambassador Miguel Angel Cam- pa, in behalf of President Batista, conferred the grand cross of Na- | tional Order of Highway Merit KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ CHILE — Vifia del Mar, the garden-city of the Pacific, is one of the most famed resort cities in the world. The beauty without parallel of its beaches, its pri- vileged climate and the atmo~| sphere of distinction and elegance which characterizes Vina del Mar, have given it the prestige of high \class resort, comparable to the best in Europe and the United States. This prestige attracts every summer thousands of tourists not | only from other parts of Chile, but from many foreign countries, especially Argentina. The greatest attraction in Vifa del Mar is the Municipal Casino, housed in a sumptuous building constructed by the sea. The Casi- no is in operation six months every year, from the 15 of Septem- ber to the 15 of March. The pro- fits the Casino gives to the Muni- cipality of Vifia del Mar have en ‘abled it to execute many projects of great importance to the oro- gress of the city, such as the lux- urious and comfortable hotels Mi the first one alongside of the beach of the same name; the purchase of the great Vergara mansion, housing now the Municipal Academy of Fine Arts, where there are gar- dents of extreme beauty and valu- able forest specimens; the con- struction of houses for employes and workers, and many other pro- gressive projects. Among the many interesting places in Vifia del Mar are the “Cerro del Castillo (Castle Hill) which stands across from the Mu- nicipal Casino. There is the sum- mer residence of the Chilean Pre- sidents, which is surrounded by many other important buildings; the picturesque race-track of the Valparaiso Sporting Club, where} horse races are held on Sundays | and holidays. These meetings have special attraction during the sum- mer months, in which there are special features, such as “El Der- by”, a classic which takes place in the middle of January, with the attendance of members of the high social circles of Valparaiso, San- tiago and other Chilean cities. The excellent golf course of Granadillas, located at the north of the city, is among the best in the world, according to experts. The park, where there is an ample stadium, and a beauti- ful natural lake; and “El! Olivar” with beautiful gardens and a good restaurant, and the Oceanography Institute of the University of Chi- le, in nearby Montemar, with a rich collection of Chilean ocean fauna, are also places which at- tract many visitors. The municipal tourist hotel ‘Mi- | | Latin American News in Brief ramar”, located at the beach of Caleta abarca, is housed in modern building and is an example of the progress achieved in resort -.ac- comodations. It has all the modern conveniences, including hot salt water baths, turkish baths, warm water swimming pool, private beach, and a natural swimming pool formed by rocks at the beach. The beaches, the blue waters of which rival those of the Riviera, form a virtual chain on and around Via del Mar. The most popular are Caleta Abarca, Miramar, Las Salinas, Las Osas, Renaca, Playa Amarilla and Mantemar. Concén, picturesque resort lo- caled north of Vifia del Mar, is connected to this city by an ex- cellent paved highway. The Acon- cagua River has a service of tours offering the most beautifu Jand- scape views, and pours into the ocean at a point called Concén Al- to. A long bridge has been built there, which is crossed by automo- biles going north, toward the re- sorts of Quintero, Maitencillo, Za- pallar and Papudo, Concén will have very soon in- dustrial importance, since the out- going of an oil refinery there, in which petroleum, from the fields of Magallanes is processed. Headlines in the current crop of | alone — Crisis in the parties, Spanish Version Page 3 upon Robert 0, Swain, executive | director of the IRF. Swain has had ja large part in organizing co- operation. among highway federa- tions of the American Republics. The same order, with rank of Commander, was given to John P. Plum, director of information of the IRF. In New York next Tuesday, H. |S. Merriman, chairman of the IRF, |of the Socony-Mobil Oil Company, will receive the Grand Cross, It |was learned that a ceremony will }occur soon at the Cuban Embas- sy in México City to award the |Grand Cross to Rémulo O’Farrill. president of the Mexican Roads As- | sociation, and the rank of Com- mander to José March, of the Association’s executive staff. The National Order of Highway Merit was created by President | Batista last May to honor distin- guished achievement in this field of transportation. The decorations were brought to Washington by Samuel T. Tolén, president of the Cuban Roads Federation. Cuba is in the midst of a tre- mendous highway expansion pro- gram. Officials of the IRF estimat- ed that 14 projects involving total expenditures of about $206,000,000 will be completed in Cuba by end of 1957, Major Cuban highway projects presently. under construction in- clude: The Boca Jaruco to Varadero highway, 56 kilometers with two large bridges, estimated to cost $36,000,000; The Havana tunnel, costing $24, 000,000; The Cuban circle route of 415 kilometers, $22,000,000; and the southern circuit, 304 kilometers, costing $17,000,000. Atomic War Would Bring Enormous Crowds to México - MEXICO CITY—(UP) An atom- ic war involving the United States would bring at least ten million ‘American citizens to México, posing a huge problem to the economy of this country, the chiefs of staff of the Defense Department said. in report on the possible con- sequences to México of a third World War, the Defense Depart- ment said there would be an “atomic panic” in the United States whose inhabitants would |seek to migrate across the border. The only thing México could do would be to treble or quadruple its agricultural production to feed the newcomers, the report said. It is estimated that at least ten and old men would come to México and that this country would ad- mit them in compliance with exist- jing hemisphere defense treaties. The report pointed out that since Canada would be an active parti- cipant in the conflict, no Ameri- cans would go there but would come to México in an exodus that could neither be limited nor stop- ped. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS BRANCH IN GUATEMALA FOR BANK OF AMERICA WASHINGTON —(UP) — The Bank of America of San Francisco, largest bank in the United States, is considering establishment of a branch in Guatemala City, it was reported by Scott Wilson and As- sociates, a firm registered here as an agent for the Guatemalan Gov- ernment. The firm said that “conferences are now under way between Wil- liam H. Bolen, vice-president of the Bank, and officials of the Gua- temalan Government.” If the branch is opened, it would be the first established by the Bank of America in Latin Ame- rica, Wilson and Associates said. INVITATION REJECTED MONTEVIDEO, Uruguay (UP) The Union of Graphic Arts work. ers has rejected an invitation from the Colombian Workers Confed- eration to attend a continental conference of graphic arts work- ers in the Colombian capital.* The union’s reply to the invita- tion said free and emocratie work- ers could not participate in a conference that will be ‘held un- der the auspices of one of the dic- million American women, children | MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1 13, 186) CO TO ey Pie i Se UMS a1 eee Castillo Armas Calls for Fight Against Tyranny in the Americas NEW YORK, Oct. 12 (UP) — Carlos Castillo Armas, President of; Guatemala, underscored the “free spirit of the people of the Americas and rendered ardent homage to Christopher Columbus in ‘message transmitted last night through the World Wide Broad- easting System frecuency wave. In the eve of Columbus Day, the Chief Executive referred to the “concept of life developed in America since the day that Colum- bus arrived and he pointed out that the spiritual values and material wealth are today realities and not mere dreams for the future. He maintained that Americans, of all races, should engage in a continued struggle against tryan- ny with the purpose of reaching greater liberty and human im- provement. The program of special events of the International Radio Broad- casting Station WRUL, which is said to have 60 stations in 16 Lat- in American countries, was inau- gurated with the address delivered by the Guatemalan President. Latin Americans Entertained by Texas Cattlemen DALLAS, Tex., Oct. 12—(UP) About 800 persons attended the re- cepcion offered to 378 guests from Central and South America who came to attend the Panamerican Livestock Exposition. Among the guests were repre- sentatives from Guatemala, Peru, Colombia, Costa Rica, México, Cu- ba, Brazil, Ecuador, Uruguay, Ar- gentina, Venezuela, El Salvador, Panama and Paraguay. Also there were Delegates from Turkey, South Rhodesia and Israel. The concurrence cheered ‘the Mayor of the City, R. L. Thornton, President of the Texas Fair, when he deliverea an address at his farm, north of Roanoke, in which the reception closing the exposi- tion was held. Bolivian Exiles Arrive in Chile ARICA, Chile, Oct. 12 —(UP) — More than a hundred political exiles from Bolivia have arrived in this Chilean port during the last few days. Nineteen of them left for Anto- fagasta, planning to continue their trip to Argentina. Sixteen crossed the Peruvian border, via Tacna, on their way to Arequipa, where there is already a numerous community |of Bolivian political exiles. The Bolivian government has es- tablished ‘strict vigilance around the legations and-embassies at La | Paz, in ‘order to prevent other |members of the opposition from taking refuge “in them, according Managua Police Arrest Suspect MANAGUA, Oct. arrest of Ausberto Narvaez Argiie- llo, for whom the National Guard had offered 10,000 cérdobas re- ward, was officially announced. He is being questioned in connection tasio Somoza, and it is believed he is one of the persons most seriously involved. Authorities, on the other hand, have allowed political prisioners who were incommunicado to re- ceive visits from their relatives, from three to four in the after- noon. NEW LAW WANTED Meanwhile, a bill has been sub- mitted to Congress on freedom of expression, in which it is consider- ed as an abuse of such freedom to engage in any of the following activities: To publish articles tending to subversion of the established so- cial order; spreading of communist ideas; to incite to crimes against person or property, trying to com- promise the international econom- ie policies of the state and to spread panie among business people; through pornographic publications contrary to decency and good hab- its. Any publication violating these tules will be taken to the Court of Appeals, which will grant a hear- ing in 48 hours. In the following 72 hours the Court will pass sentence, which cannot be appeal- ed. publicaton for no more than three months. Libel and stander will be punish- ed according to the Penal Code on the matter. WASHINGTON —(UP)— The National election results in Nov- ember will have potential signific- ance to the coffee-producing coun- tries of the world, although coffee has received scant attention during current - political campaigns and was not presented as a partisan issue. Attitudes of the United States Government and Congress toward the international coffee trade and the price level are always of great to information given by travelers from Bolivia. tatorial governments which are the shame of America”, VISIT DR. MORA WASHINGTON —(UP) Twenty- two United States 4H Club mem- bers visited Dr. José A. Mora, Uruguay, Secretary General of the Organization of American States, prior to leaving for a six-month stay in Latin America. The boys and girls will live and work on farms in 12 Latin Ameri- can countries. Their trip is part of the International Farm Youth Exchange Program of the Nation- al 4H Club Foundation, an or- ganization for farm youth interest- ed in developing the agricultural resources of their country. PHOTOGRAPH EXHIBIT BY * BRAZILIAN STUDENTS WASHINGTON —(UP)— Eight Brazilian students from the Uni- versity of Sao Paulo on tour of the United States opened an ex- hibit of, photographs and books of Brazil at the Pan American Union here. The students also donated part of their exhibits to the five major universities’ of the Washington importance to the producing coun- tries. universities were at the Pan Ame- rican Union to accept the gifts on behalf of their respective univer- sities, After a visit to Washington and the universities, the students will visit Detroit, Chicago, Kansas City, San Francisco and Los Angeles. They leave for home via México City Nov. 25. PREPARING TO FILM LIBERATOR’S LIFE LIMA; Perti—(UP) Lester Co- wan, Hollywood and New York in- dependent motion picture produc- er, is going to bring the life of Simén Bolivar, South American Li- berator, to the screen, qualified sources. said, Hernan Santa Cruz, former Chil- ean Ambassador to the United Na- tions, said. present plans call for production of the picture to begin next March, and to be completed in about one year. The scenario will be based on the biographical work, “He Was Named Bolivar,” by Enrique Cam- pos a member of the Chilean Chamber of Deputies. Santa Cruz and Campos are mak- area. Representatievs from the ing a joint tour of the five coun- aily More Ample and Flexible U. S. Credits to Latin America Urgently Needed Declares in New Orleans Prominent Brazilian Businessman - Journalist 12—(UP)The | with the murder of President Anas- | offenses against morals | Penalties include suspension of | For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER Lami NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 12—(UP) — Brazilian journalist Assis de Chateubriand, Editor of the “Dia- rios Asociados” chain, expressed his belief that, as the first step for intensification of trade be- tween the United States and Latin America, U. S. businessmen and banks should grant “more ample and flexible credits to the coun- tries of the Hemisphere which de- serve it.” | Chateaubriand, who was inter- viewed by Conrado Rostén -Arzos, of the “Latin American Report” magazine, published by the Inter- national Trade Mart, of this city, acknowledge that the majority of the Latin American nations are not punctual in their payments and added: “The internal economy of the larger part of these countries is very desorganized and very often | they make huge purchases of sup- erfluous articles in the United States, which they, in advance, know they will be unable to pay. “Let us consider our case: Brazil, since 1947, has incurred commer- cial debts in the United States in the amount of $2,000,000,000. The Northamerican companies and banks should have known that we did not have funds to liquidate those debts, which unpaid balance is considerably weighing in our commercial relations with the United States. “Tn my opinion, the Northame- rican Banking System has the duty of carefully investigate the credit of many Latin American countries, as the governments of the debtor nations, with the excepion of Cu- ba, Venezuela, Pert, Panama and possibly others. seem to be unable to discriminate by themselves when making purchases in the United States.” Chateaubriand advanced his be- lief that the Northamerican Gov- ernment should lend Latin Ameri- ca a more extense’ economic aid than the present and set anew, as an example, Brazil; “the only Latin American country which sent troops to Europe, during the Se- cond World War and which eco- nomy was affected in proportion to her participation in the conflict as an ally of the United States.” “What the United States has granted Brazil — he added — since the end of the war, are small loans, compared with those grant- ed to her European allies, and insufficient for the financing of the exploitation of our potencial wealth.” ASSAILS POLICIES OF SECRETARY DULLE Chateaubriand said, immediate- ly after, that the United States Secretary of State, John Foster Dulles, “persists in his preferen- tial Asiatic policy.” The Brazilian newspaperman ex- pressed scepticism in regard to the possibilities of trade between the Soviet Union and Latin America, pointing out that, on the other hand, this interchange would not be developed on exclusive econom- ic basis; but they would profoung- ly influence political considera- tions. Regarding the coffee question he said that the United States, the world most important consumer, should participate in an inter- national accord to stabilize the prices, so to save the Latin Ameri- can producing countries from the disaster that a great drop in the grain quotations could cause. , . He also indicated that Brazil could be an extraordinary provid- er of raw materials for the indus- tries of the United States, Japan and Europe, besides using part of the production in her own indus- trial establishments. Interrogated on what are the bigger obstacles against the eco- nomic development of Latin Ame- rican, Chateaubriand mentioned, in first place, the lack of credits: then “the low intellectual level of the population and the govern: ing classes, who cannot appreciate what; in an ambient of mu- tual trust, the United States could signifiy to our progress; and last “nationalism practiced in ex- cess.” Consequently any change in the White House or the control of Congress after the November elec- tion would inspire international speculation concerning eventual implications to the coffee trade. United States coffee imports in regent years have been nearly $1,- 500,000,000 annually and may ex- ceed that figure this year. Coffee is the most important single com- modity in United States trade, and dollar earnings of the coffee-ex- porting nations are an important tries Bolivar freed from Spanish domination — Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peri and Venezuela — to enlist the cooperation of their governments. The cost of the production is estimated a $3 million, Santa Cruz said. Many of the scenes will be shot on the spots where Bolivar fought and acted in his struggle against. Syain, he added. Cowan produced a picture based on the life of American columnist Ernie Pyle. He also produced “G. I. Joe,” “Main Street to Broad- way,” “Tomorrow the World” and other pictures. MEXICAN WORKERS MEXICO CITY—(UP)— Mexic- an skilled workers are migrating to the United States in large num- bers, attracted by high pay and posing as migrant farm laborers, México’s top anti-communist lead- er said. Jorge Prieto Laurens said it is increasingly difficult to find skill- ed workers here as an ever grow- ing number of them are leaving their factory jobs to go north across the border. Will the November Election Result Affect Coffee Producing Countries? factor in their own economy. The United States produces only a small amount of coffee in Puerto Rico and Hawaii, and con- sequently coffee does not become involved in the great debates which rage perennially around policies \affecting United States- produced agricultural products. The United States, moreover, keeps coffee on the free-list, and there is no debate about tariffs. The immense free trade in cof- fee, of which nearly 90 per cent is with Latin American countries and the remainder mostly with Africa, has therefore represented traditionally an economic bulwark to the Inter-American Regional Sy- stem. At least 10 Republics export large quantities of coffee to the United States, and four others supply smaller amounts, Despite this reciprocally advan- tageous commerce, there has been a tendency in the United States vsince the Second World War to regard coffee as a somewhat “po- litical” commodity. This tendency develops when coffee prices to consumers are unusually high, or her there is any indicaion that e price level is significantly af- fected by speculation. In the second year of the Eisen: hower Administration, coffee pri- ces were high, and politicians of both parties gave attention to the “housewives” dissatisfaction. Vari- ous bills were introduced in Con- gress, proposing various methods of curbing speculation or appeas- ing consumers’ dissatisfaction. Se- veral Committee hearings were held. : The Eisenhower. administration met this situation by initiating a broad investigation of the coffee trade under auspices of the Fed: eral Trade Commission. Before Congress was ready. to approve any coffee legislation, world coffee prices turned down, the consumers’ agitation subsided, and the final result was some mo- dification of rules and practices in New York speculative trading of coffee “futures.”