The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 8, 1925, Page 10

* * * oe (In.1,000 roubles at 1913 prices.) IL,—Exports. . Trade extegories. GQebiwnane ss aaa 21,087 7,601 Great Beltale ecieekcceis 6,307 14.831 Fed MERE Eee Eee 8,082 11,382 TIKOY . cscerekisisen ee 3,738 8,620 SREP ON = 600 ces ceva aeeese 5,451 4,159 MOY). snc ncksioetedcis che €,184. 3,125 Holland... cishand seivetas 5,766 1,513 POOR NAT ue cbs eeccdas eke 6,355 Tt Fintan .....e. geecaccese 5,812 76 Framed’ Ys. desasgcccespes 3,875 1,804 Belginial)..cadesdescseds os 1,658 ~ 298k O68) ALP. bd AR Faas i i 3,98 Polan’ 4... caine Re 4.0m siete 221 1,626, i cao CERES REE errs ¢ 2,120 431 Novwty-h ccvis's cass necaen $42 56” Eeypt aes Pia’ Picks babies Gees 391" OUtet fae Ree ee eee 335% 8,060. - 2,191 Total (all countries)... 84,529 65,486 Regulation of Trade in taxing them. duty has been lowered 40 per cent. ‘ tion. eral re t Raw, semi-. ©” Countrics tu which manulactured, ~~ exports dispatched. Foodstuffs. and live stock. Manufactures, I—Imports. Trade categories, 4 Raw, semi- Counties from which manufactured, imports recvived. Foodstuffs. and live stock. Manufactures. German | 5.5 63 see sees 217 12,523 9,689 Great Biitain, 7197 17,898 3,131 1 By AR ane at 240 12,120 3,131 BOCOG Tan cc cams gs seared 189 50 3,518 WIA cs cchaencsacssaces 42 1,130 1,905 Sea dacnsciness 944 9¥eu 25 2,083 1 ly RAP aa = PUP ar gsr 2,097 -—- 8 PORROMM: bakes ccc v messes 70 36 1.992 Norway ..... Girvvcecccanes 1,226 139 301 PO RO h ieee evens 6 363 1,272 BGT OS a's dN ean Rees —_ 97 1,214 PIANO adc cabs anew eh eee 13 S66 368 AMMATOUED, .0'5:5..4's esteweie teen 4549 752 2 DRT iss cdinatobecenceuins 86 544 235 NE a iineee ee cceaeee 3u9 130 13 TUPUOY i ace es codes ow Gs 62 305 Pete ora sores cas hie -- — 186 ¢ BRGY ca a asaw eames see 118 204 79 DORMER ands vaneencase ees. 3 50 77 ther asia sas copa 242 626 600 Tmal (all eountries).. - 6,208 49,683 28,057 9 29 85 . 85 16 27 Bll lewel | 390 (2) Customs Tariff.—In view of the complete control and partial conduet .of forcign commerce by the Government, the customs tariff has lost much of its importance as a measure of protection for home industry and much of its use for revenue purposes. Because protection can be given to any extent to any enterprises hy manipulation of the economic programme (Gosplan). “And when more than three-fourths of the profits of commerce go to Government account, there is little profit tree tli nn Lapsiili 10 SIU | (Continued from Y esterday’s Daily Worker ) | SYNOPSIS.—The structure and activities of the Soviet Union are keen- ly analized in the official report of the British Trade Union Delegation to! Soviet Russia, which is being printed serially in the DAILY WORKER. The trade union leaders exhaustively record the achievements of the Soviet.gov- ernment in finances, and in the form of their government. industry and agriculture were then taken up, the trade union leaders showing that production is steadily increasing. The study of agriculture showed that the Soviet Union is manufacturing and importing tractors and other farm machinery, The relation of the New Economic Policy to agriculture was then explained, “Russian agriculture is recovering slowly but steadily” was the conclusion of the British trade unionists. The important subject of the Union's foreign trade. was discussed in yesterday's installment, Transportation, FOREIGN TRADE OF THE U.S.S.R., JANUARY TO JUNE, 1924. Total. 22,439 21,826 15;491 3,797 3,077 2,109 2,105 2,098 1,666 1,641 1,341 1,247 1,213 865 452 435 186 401 131 1,468 $3,918 >. re Total. 28,697 21,167 19,549 12,453 9,596 9,309 7,279 7173 5,888 5,679 4,592 391 10,334 150,405 Thus in the latest tariff, there is a very considerable depart- ure from all-round protection in the interests of an increase of production and of consumption. For example, agricultural man- ures and machinery especially, and generally all raw materials and machinery required for industry, are lightly taxed.. There has also been a reduction of duties on articles whose importa; tion seems to be in the public interests, such as. tea,-on which (b) Commercial Program.—It is obvious that not only this policy of:controlling foreign commerce in the national in- terest, but even the whole principle of conducting foreign com- merce through official organs depends for its success on estab- lishing the Program of Foreign Commerce for the whole nion Union on.an economic basis that represents realities. This requires a structure of statistical information at home and abroad ‘and of systematic investigation of every requirement of the vast and complicated inter-ramifications and inter-relation- ships of commerce that will take years to complete. will always be dependent for its actuality on’ the General Eco- ton So nr th which is itself only in process of. organiza-; And it far; though*progress is remarkably rapid, there is gen gnition that until a year ago the general Commerci* Plan was largely guess work. There was even some questio whether a general plan was possible at all, or whether a genera! ul policy, for example, of encouraging exports and restricting im- ports, was not the most that could be attempted. And the first plans under the New Economic Policy seemed to confirm this skepticism. Thus, that for 1920-1 was entirely re-cast at least three times in the course of the year. HERBERT SMITH, J. But already the results of 1922-23 suggested that a plan on. years president Yorkshi broad lines was possible. For example, the plan estimated an ‘eration. President, M export of 228 million gold roubles and the actual exportation tion of Great Britain sing 192 was 210.6 million gold roubles. When, however, its details arc President, ao _ on examined, the difficulties due to insufficient data and incalcu- charts Sager naesye iti ge lable factors, such as abnormal political strain and econosnic 6¢ school board, West R > ( stress, are expressed in wide divergences between the planned county council and otherbubli allotments and the actualities. Taking the last figures we find for many years. Membej par! as to.exports:— ary committee, trades union ex 4s In Million Gold Roubles. 1918-16, and general comceil, ve ESC Dobra psa eg $1,317: plus’ 28.6 Appointed J. P. in 1918. Memb Dowels 12.0 $3.5 plus 21.5 tra) committee, miners’ |weits Oil products ........ 27.0 19.5 minus 7.5 ‘central committee; minilg- ex: PURE c6 us So saoeuen 30.0 13.2 minus 16.8 board. BAW Wides* 6455 seas 7.5 2.9 minis 4.6 oe ae ~ Total exports ... econ 228.0 @ 206.6 minus 21.4 BEN TILLEPT,. gene These divergences were due to want of statistical informa- of trade unions sinc 18% tion in the central adininistration. The local authorities being °f Dockers’ Union whi incapable of supplying it, an attempt was made to use the semi-: oo the a Coopers ana. official organizations, trusts, ete, for this purpose. This has 4" )\o0te. of tw, rape ed given better results, and it looks as though the plan for 1923-24 + > ee ae ee | ) 2 ‘ nationally. Contested several will be more accurately realized in its details. mentary elections. Elect3d fo: The general policy of the plan is to asséss exports with ref- Remained dockers’ gene‘al s¢ erence to the general economic plan and to assess imports with until amalgamation to Ttansp reference to exports. It is assumed that there is no immediate General Workers’ Union.| Now prospect of exporting manufactured goods. Timber and oil "Y of Political and Intematio products can be increased at will, while grain export will in- otra a crease steadily and rapidly. Increase in the export of food- ¢r:1 council since 1902 eo stuffs, such as butter, of which the pre-war export was 70 mil- 4 1c} : parliamentary committee lion roubles, and eggs, 90 million roubles, will depend on bring- union congress, 1892-04. ; ing the foreign demand to the door of the peasant producer, **# which again depends on the introduction of foreign capital. JOHN TURNER, associate Raw materials imported accounted for one-third in 1922-3; ‘socialist organizations since 11 manufactures for two-thirds; while in 1923-4 raw materials and ‘imate with founders and lea semi-manufactures were over half the imports. Iniports, such bak allo: Saga Pee as coffee, ted, rice, stationery, etc., were only 21%, per cent. neers. Closely associated- with From which it is evident that imports are pretty severcly re- Kropotkin from 1886 until his stricted to what is essential for the equipment and supply of té Russia in 1917. A pioneer’ industry. Further, the manufactures imported (1922-23) were hours legislation and founder « in proportion of metal work, 22 per cent.; machinery, 48 per. Assistants’ Union. Official | cent.; textiles, 11 per cent.; chemicals, 6 per cent.; fuel, 1-3 per wion trom 1898. until retiren WO Bs gO0 goo scoldn this position ‘until.1924:-Ele ontraband Suueve aks “a ids deieaids olag@neral councitptrades «ution ox On SLB CE eae oie 1921; re-elected by.co t But the contraband trade especially in luxuries of which {4 1994 gor Sanuk to mths . * * * the importation is prohibited, has reached considerable dimcn- sions with the growing demand,, as private fortunes increase. jo}N BROMLEY, M. P. A The value of the total contraband importation was estimated of railway trade unionism at at 100 million roubles in 1923. Of this a large proportion was many positions of trust prior contraband “Polish” tea, smuggled in defiance of the State Tea pointment as branch secretary Administration. This business has been developed by a refugee sociated Society of Locomotive merchant in Warsaw, V- , whose “Polish” tea is to be got cers and Fireman, 1904. Elec all over Russia. The campaign against contraband is one of izing secretary of the unio the main responsibilities of the Police (G.P.U.), which has a [ycretry bs erramemye | frontier gendarmerie for the purpose. But the long land fron- eee aa ageagh 1914, Elected: member of labo tier and the immense profits of the business will make it some ¢yccutive, 1920 and 1921. — cent.; luxuries, such as are not prohibited, less than 1 per cent, eneral secretary after twelv time before contraband is mastered, »— - © member of trades: union congre , m ' » @ral council, 1922-2 Financing of Trade % bor party delegation The Government was, in the first years of N.E.P., unable times. candidate me to finance its.organizations for foreign trade, with working 1924. Prominently associated capital, and consequently merely assigned them funds in the bor and socialist propaganda fo form of goods and raw-matcrials.. These, thanks to favorable ¥°s- conditions for export, have now been largely converted abroad into financial valuta. As the operations of foreign commerce _ ALAN A. H. PINDLAY, mer came to be put or a business basis by the establishment of United Patternmakers’ Assc Trusts, Mixed Companies, etc., direct financing by the Treasury _ _ — Fp was replaced by the opening of credits through the State Banks aval PP sear so cimecutive ame (Gosbank, Prombank). The banks found advantageous such 4913 pected general secretar credits to foreign commerce; as they thereby ensured the re- Formerly treasurer, Engineeri sources thus loaned from loss by the currency depreciation shipbuilding - Trades Federati are eloquent of the enormous extravagence of the system in three years, »snbseqnentlysap then still in progress. 6 . president, at. present occupyil ie position, Elected to trades uni This process is illustrated by yes feprdacrd be a si 1 eect guueetell, 194%: 96 ‘Foreign trade. by Government, cities ggg ee In Millions of Gold Roubles, ‘ ery mo a pp aa Letts 203 _ A. A. PURCELL (chalsgan 19 355.4 128 gation). Member, F® v4 1922-3 ...4. oe «+ 356.0 87 Union since 1891. > 108S4 cise sees 648.0 2 mo¢ratic federation %_ $ The figures of the years 1920-21 under War Communism >" 5#ford Borough Cduneil are eloquent of the enormous extravagance of the system in Y*'. Sectional secrotaty, ishi this respect. Allowing for the fact that in 1922-23, of the 87 Be aetaiaate, We million gold roubles. financed, 53 -million was given in the form ‘ford, 1910. Contested Coventry of credits, and in view of the figures for this last year, we can 24. Elected 1923, Successful ; conclude that foreign trade is now financing itself on a business tor in co-operative and other di basis, = « ~ Rae bics id Elected to general council, If the value of imports abroad for 1922-23 was as stated, wion congress, 1919, re-electe 144 millions, and the exports, 206.8 millions, then to the former Ye#"- Blected by trade union i ‘be olde forthe cost of transport about 25 millions, and eet sonmrenes, tat ae to the latter the ‘exporters’ profit—say 25 millions. The total oc pera eager . congress. -Chairma: to be financed became then about 400 millions, which had to be a bse ; Risainted deles provided by the trusts and companies, or by the Treasury, Or American labor convention, 19: by bank credits, or, by the credits of foreign agencies such as companied the delegation to Ra