The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, August 8, 1925, Page 1

AST Not WEATHRR FORE! Pair tonight, and Sund much change in temperature. ESTABLISHED 1873 /'THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE “BISMARCK, NORTH DAKOTA, SATURDAY, AU! UST 8, 1925 PRICE FIVE CENTS BLOCK PROBE IN MISSOURI LYNCHING 50,000 ROBED KNIGHTS MASS FOR KKK MEET: | Hooded Order 'Throngs Na-| il Capital for Monster | yvo-day Klenklave tio’ POLICE CORT PARADE gro Leaders Promise Au- thorities to Use Every Means to Prevent an -Outbreak today and Pennsy Vania avenue was roped off for a} parade of robed and howded ranks in | which Klan leaders c<pected fifty thousand would = mar-h along the route from the eapital to the White House K trai carly tod s, inds to the which yesterday. brought in other hu pate in the demonstration, whieh w continue through tomorrow night. Police Prepare | al police, on duty in full under ‘orders to clear avenue of all traffic utes before the scheduled start of the parade at 3 p.m, White robed women and children, families of the visiting klansmen, will march through the streets with their men folks in the provession, with a flank ar guard of po keeping | ning the the 1 will be worn by es on klan officials today with police chance ge negro! iven t | ny respon- der upon, y assigned} ents, expect no pared to squelch Breaking of ranks after the par-| visitors will gather in the re on the Mall to hear! es by Klan lead Amplifi- have been erected to throw the over Klan off their effec of negro the choros of their own bands in the parade fhe visitors will wind up! the night with the cross, An EXPERTS STUD BANK FAILURES vill Chart Bankruptey Rate for North Dakota s to obtain to swell Scientific study of banking condi- tions and history in North Dakota| is being made here by E. R. Shaw, and C. E. Warne with the coopera- tion of the state banking depart- ment. Shaw is an instructor in economies at the University of Mlinois and Warne holds a similar post at Chi- cago University. Both are employed by the department of economies and banking at Columbia University, New York City, which is sponsoring! the work. M. Parker Willis. professor of | economics and banking at Colum- hia and a former member of the fed- eral reserve banking board, is di recting the work throughout ‘the na- | tion. The survey, Shaw said, is intend- ed to. disclose banking’ conditions and history in every state in the! Union. Special attention {s paid to the causes of bank failures as dis- closed in their statements over per- iods prior to their closing, ‘as well | as to the development of the busi-| ness since 1895, Only failures which | have occurred since 1900 will be; considered in the survey, There | have been 255 of these in North Da- | kota during that period, the inves-' tigators said. bani Results of the investigations in the various state will be charted and tabulated at the Columbia. Univer- sity school of economics with a view to giving bankers scientific data, on the causes of bank failures and! conditions which have prevailed just; prior to such failures. In that man-; ner, it is believed, bankers will be enabled to avoid the financial shoals which might wreck their institu- tions. FORT BERTHOLD | INDIAN SCOUTS | GET PENSIONS Parshall, N. D.. Aug. 8.—Govern-! ment pensions will be granted to a) number of the old Indian Scouts liv- ing on the Fort Berthold Reserva- tion, who served with the U. 8.! forces during the Indians Wars, it was announced here. Pensions were obtained through the work of Con- gressman Sinclair. Due to loss of discharge papers, failure to connect up their service} it has been almost impossible for them to establish claims until Mr. Sinclair became. interested and went before the Pension Bureau. + fed Star and Little Sioux, two old warriors, are the most recent to he ‘allowed pension claims, $20 a month. dating back to June, 1919. in the chighly satisfactory [ating full time and th HAIL LEVELS 12 MILES OF STATE GRAIN i] | | Thousands of Dollars | | SHE’S 102 > Reported in Barnes, ‘I and Ransom Counties ME GRAIN UNCUT) Total Damage Recorded Strip 12 Miles Long and Six Miles Wide in if i 8=—UF)—Destructive » storms were ter dividing nner whic Ne h freakish lifting at ti makes it total dam: D> wate southern Mlinois LABOR FAMINE re_ reported nd insurance storm, ac andr: t of 3 t 6 p.m. mers indic ie hail fp wind ed about B, abou y ‘POWER COMBINE ;| Put Through © the} © until the several indivi- | Poomemne es ‘oolidge Will Not | Intervene in Coal , Wage Negotiations | een erence labor problems and he ppeful that industry will find retary ver made this ment tuday after he had dis- d thracite situat resident, It gave a ed weight to the belief that the President has no intention of - interfefing in the wage scale between hard coal opera- rs and miners. EXTENDS LINES 200,000 Power tension in Stark County Dickinson, Work j power i Hebron August 8. chardton, in te-wide power conjunction expansion LOOMS INN. D. HARVEST FIELDS | ortage of Farm Hands in Grand Forks Region; Labor Situation Bright h about miles long, southern and southweste ion The storm lasted hour and damage reported as total. A Kathryn banker estimate shout twa third but the loss fal the best whent about half an to uncut grain is that is cut, ¥ upon which was 1 i ft te over a path about 15 extending from. the 4 to Sheyenne reported < wide and Kathryn Nome river later returns STATE WILL PROBE LAND RENT FRAUD us. for the u trad ppear to be and than a month ago and there is a good call for common Inbor on railread construction pr “the report continues. “lh normal report “Building in better der t cutting will ne in another 10, buildime I the in- demand days. I tradesm dustrial a Acres Are Being Used by Trespassers, Kositzky “At Grand Forks there is age of competent farm help. All lo-| cal manufacturing plants are ope eis a brisk call for building tradesmen.” ‘The labor tion throughout the entire No also is held to be on an im dhe In addition to call for unskilled men to » harvest work, better yi is repported shops with further gains expect lustry. Building remain | ReAANClapUGReGeby, pecdonkamhn shave h little unemployment in| nob leawed@ than, and whol have. 10 ies and capacity forces still title to them under the eat work in the farm implement: Kositzky said, ‘ ion of fees Is for state-owned lands the object of a survey which was | begun this week by Carl R. Kositzky, state land commissioner, and two de- due the } put | Thousands of state-owned acres stronger demand for cler s than was the esse during June, the report said. | tion by the state of crops on the jland and prosecution of the offend- er for trespassing. Conviction on the trespassing charge might result in a fine of $500 or one year in jail or both, where the land is used only for hay purposes, and an even sever- er penalty in cases where the land is being tilled. Although the state lands are of- fered for lease every year and a pre- liminary survey shows that every acre owned by the state is being us- ed, Kositzky said, the records in the land office show that 210,000 acres, much of it suitable for raising crops, : More harvest ded in the Dickin- | s the report of Dickinson, laborers i . East agent, after rn evening from visiting tour to farms east and south. Harvest is in full blast and much of the, wheat is already in the shock. Many farmers stated that they were anx- ious to obtain help for the harvest! season but were unable to find men} to help them in the fields. During the past few days there been many more calls for men thi ppli- | was not leased last year. The great- tions for work filed with Mr.jest unleased acreage is in McKenzie Eastgate at his office in the federal! county where 42,000 acres were not building. | leased this year. ‘A federal labor office will be} One of the favorite devices of the opened in Dickinson before the end trespasser, Kositzky said, is to lease of the week, Mr. tgate was ad-|a part of a section of land and then vised Thursday by George F. Tucker,; use the whole section. sty ns Wednesday av n Another is to ‘field director of the farm labor di-| lease a tract of land for a few years vision, United States employment! and then fail to renew the lease but service, who is temporarily located) keep on using the land. at Fargo. Field agents have been ‘with maps showing the leased pro- | perty in every county, together with WEEK' BANK jthe total land owned by the state, and the check up is intended to cover RESERVES JUMP the ste section by nection 14 MILLIONS |i: armed their daily business relations, seem to have no conscience when it comes to cheating the state,” said New York, Aug. 8.—()—-The ac-| 5° eo ° tual “conditions of “clearing house | he AER pet are rey banks and trust companies for the! 2°S"\elis them they must pay up. In Week, shows excess reserve of $19,-/ some cases we find that they have TW1A20, This, is an-inerease in r2-/ Not only been using the land for serve of $14,710,450 compared with | several years, but have made im- last week | provements on it just as though it z belonged to them.” I G1 sae a Most of the zs00.000 acres still owned by the state has never left its |_Weather Report | owned by since the original grants ° | from the government were made. Temperature at 7 a. m. . 53) Some of it was sold by the state un- Highest yesterday 84|der contract but turned back to the Lowest last night ... 50{ state when the purchasers failed to Precipitation to 7 a. m. . 0} meet their contract obligations. { For Bismarck and vicinity: Fair! ESTIMATE CUTS tonight and Sunday. Not muc change in"tomperature, 2? COTTON CROP 3 ‘or North Dakota: Fair tonigl and Bunday, "Cooler tonight nx 22,000 BALE treme southeast portion. GENERAJ. WEATHER CONDITIONS| Washington, Aug. 8—()—This The low. pressure area has moved| year's cotton crop declined to the eastward to the Great, Lakes region | extent of 22,000 bales between Ju'y and light precipitation occurred at} 16 and Aug. 1, The department of most places in the Great Lakes re-| agriculture’s August first forecast gion, Mississippi Valley and in the|of prospective products issued today eastern part of the Plains States.| place the crop at 13,566,000 bales, Over a half inch fell at a few places| compared with a forecast of 13,588,- in eastern North Dakoto. Generally| 000 bales based on the July 16 condi- fair weather prevails trom the Rocky! tion. Mountain states ‘westward to the Paciffe coast due to the high pres- sure area centered over the north- eastern Rocky Mountair slope, Tem- peratures have dropped slightly in ithe Dakotas and seasonable tempera- tures Pere ae sectior 18 W. ROBERTS, Official in charge. | SEAWEED TRIMS HATS London—The collection, cleaning ii ed. to he used in iv The weeds are treated with a glycerine prep: ation, fine | as! Thousands of State - owned, te authorization. | ¢ lure to do so will mean confisea-} Hughes of Bis-| isin launched by the on rk on \ pr Pr Wo the high power trans sion now being constru | Hebron and Dickinson to with the lo ; jHughes & gressing en is now with cross arms to a point between Richardton faylor, Construction is proceed- eof two miles rs of the comp:n new line is following s rather than the highway. Richardton Service {po nd ying at A eh to ho the lc Octob tline be Rt will few ween Hebron mpleted pin’ the do the eastern Stark ‘county metropolis. will be served ‘from the Hebron plant until the cir [cuit with Dickinson is hooked up. H Hebron next The Hebron cle light plant, purchased from the Hebron Pressed CINDERELLA WANTS T0 G0 BACK TO BRONX; BROWNING DENIES SCANDAL CHARGES js Authorities Prepare to Question Parents in Adoption Deal and Realtor’s Divorce Record DEATH RAY so Taam | | “L want to go Heme,” | New York, Aug. 8.—(AP)—Two bright eyed girls whom Edward W. Browning has made happy by showering upon them all the luxuries money could buy were on the verge today of returning to the surroundings whence they came. Questioned for hours yesterday by authorities investigating the adoption a few days ago of Mary Louise Spas the million- aire real estate operator appeared worn and pale. i scretary said that Mr. Browning was “trying his | level best” to tind a way out, and hoped to send Mary to her humble Bohemian parents tod but Mr. Browning | later insisted the statement was unauthorized. | ck | Dr, Edwin R. Scot. asserts he has, invented a new engine of death that will make war s will live at p of the ath ray will kill anything tha path up to twenty mi American ition off EXPERT LAUDS STATE HEALTH ACHIEVEMENTS Miss Helen Katen, New Sec- retary of State Anti-tuber- culosis Body, Praises City New York, Aug, 8—()—Mary Louixe Browning, newly adopted daughter of Edward ing, wealthy real esta 4 admitted today that she drank poison thix morning because of the “nasty thingx” which had heen said about Me. Browning's adopting her. a demons seo. shortly BOND DEBT 26 MILLION Balance in State Treasury Is $7,724,472.72, Statement “Home” 1 Sobs Mary was convinced that her and four must certainly chanze \ to the ignominious pumpkin, want to go home” she cried, ominissioner of Public \ Bird also investigat appeal Wm. St, John N. Y., foster mother of Doroth | shine’ Browning, His. The Novth Dakota travel linie today won w Miss Helen of the North assueiat henlth dation wning, has been ill camp at Crystal Lake at a vt summer | 5 She Katen, 1 tary Dakota Tubereu- | a statement t the eft reneie d priv ale ness of North J its balan is $ 47: neial statement of C. home with Mrs. St. Job state funds x Jwe don't want any mo through a She told how Dorothy was thrust 4 into her arms one December day in { ark, blue from the cold, ‘The; rs old, AL-| ©. John, eho’ was mas seals, Katen came to Bismarck aft- four years of work among crip- pled children in Minnesota and “with! the insight given by the tragedy of she say though poor, J - !then the wife of I touid ich ed for the child in the vat ¢ in the curriculum fund insurance balance of is r to th jdepartment. which 1 he next | t the teach- until adupted in e \ the he e fire and tor- from me" the general fund Brick company, was taken tne local utility concern lust day.) The Hebron plant is w und in good shape and during the summer months can supply Richard- ton in addition to carrying its locs! load, Mr. Deiters stated. It will be maintained as an auxiliary to the Dickinson plant. Cash Outlay $200,000 Improvements at are bein, by the Hughes & Deiters this seaso in the constru ssion line and the lay am heating mains in the! kinson, will represent sn of approximately $200,000, Steam Mains Expensive amount more than $40,000 pended in the relaying of} according to Mr. De ipany has found it n place every foot of 1 town section as in old pipe had broken er Would Convert Dirigible Into Freight Carrier Swampscott. Aug. (P)—A re- quest for use of the Los Angeles, Navy airship, in commercial avi was proposed to President Coolidge today by John Hayes Hammond J. Speaking for a company interested in the scheme. Mr. Hammond placed before the executive a tenative pro- gram for extensive developments of commercial aviation. The program calls for use of the Los Angeles be- tween Mew York and Chicago and Perhaps farther west with the ship manned by its regular crew. Secretary Hoover attended the con- ference and the president directed the secretaries of war and navy further study the proposition. The government has given its approval to the general policy of aiding in the development of commercial avi tion. GRAND OLD MAN DEAD AT HOME IN DELAWARE Wilmington, Del., Aug. 8.--(A)— George Gray, “The grand old man of Delaware,” is dead at the age of The end came peacefully at his home here yesterda: ernoon. Mr. Gray was former United States Senator, Delaware, and judge of the federal circuit court of appeals. He was one of the peace commissioners of the Spanish-American war, Stricken with a heavy cold seven months ago, Mr. Gray soon devel- oped pneumoni Several times his life was despaired of. His remark- able vitality each time enabled him to pull through. Last Friday he was attacked by the grippe and the end came rapidly. Bismarck Farmer Cuts No.1 Grain 20 Bushels Acre Wheat, grading No. 1 northern, and yielding 20 bushels to the acre, was threshed yesterday on the farm of Frank Gress of the Lahr farm near Apple Creek. Even though the field looked a little better than av- erage it is safe to say that there abe other fields with big @ yield. So far as is known Mr. Gress is the first farmer in the county to thresh. He wan surprised at the quality and quantity ef hig crop. pany of nado fund has a balanc f 88 and the pi fund has $1,475.23 Taxes Biggest Income taxes produced the most. in- 2,82 The inheritance 57 and the stare A total of ted as interest is, together with umerous other receipts from spe- 1 taxes and op ng services of of $30¥8,849.- d, und fl did, und fh minon school out the hundreds and h dresses he bought for he Bills All Ones her told investigators from ‘« office that Mr. Browning a roll of bills when he too When she removed the in and from the roll later, she | *7 aid she found 1 bills except e one $5 note which was on the Sta She furt! Goler come, al leaders in working out a healthy r ram that mainttins a “\handahee between ne E was coll on public money tuberculous clinic n state has done wonders in iso- ¢ mmunities where i physicians has impossible, of the Dis -Aitouiey Sencouh,, af TI0 + departments went into Queens county, Mr. Coler, and other, the general fund. officials questioned Mr.’ Browning| | Disbur: sats ‘i fs | concerning charges made by his wife rns ey gtncommon” sense 10 gt the time of their divorce in Paris source of of institutional | Mee a ra melita Qin, ff,” she urges. Mr. Browning replied that his * shortness of her stay in the former wife had completely retracted juskes. 1b amnossil the charges, He accused Mr. Coler peaten Wa ieive ony cones. of raising the question of ulterior up her impressions of the city and plions sbeeauie io her field of work in the foliowsns “All Toon say yet came. Let's pull toj stamping out of positi tial tuberculosis in every corner of this state and plant our banner on today, the highest hill where all the world) °CQvclusive evidence had been may see that North Dakota ix in the (found, Mr. Coler said, that she w raco for a clean bill of health: | 21 years old, not 16, as she claimed hen adopted or 17 as she admitted , 5 sterday, Certain recommendations | had been made to Mr. Browning, the |* commissioner said, but he declined to state whether they included giv- ing up Mary. |MOTHER SHOT BY CRAZED BOY WILL RECOVER Parkersburg, Iowa, Aug. 8.-—()-— Mrs, R, J. Vandervoort, wife of the Methodist Episcopal pastor who was ‘shot to death Thursday night by |their 17-year-old son, Warner, will probably recover from the two bul- let wounds, attending physicians de- clared today. According to the physicians, Mrs. Vandervoort was fully conscious and passed a restful night. The tragedy in which her husband met death has not been discussed with her since |yesterday morning when she told persons who went to her aid that her son had shot her. Warren, who signed a confession that he was led to shooting his par- jents by their continual arraignments, jwill not be allowed to attend the funeral services for his father, ac- cording to Butler county Sheriff H. ;W. Burma today. According to the sheriff, the young patricide slept fully last night. He is held without bond, charged with first degree mur- ‘der. cult, even Miss Katen the ju consider: . Coler and District Newcomb said the would not end even after Mary sent home. Her purents have been requested to appear for questioning ple to ich the a total of $4,4514 5 Comepnsation Fund High The statement of the financial condition of the Workmen's c sation fund sho of $1, institutions th arious ‘ontributes money, BRA, NORTHWESTERN GLEE CLUB TO SING TUESDAY The Men’s Glee Club of Northwest- ern College, Naperville, Il!., will be in Bismarck Tuesday evening, Aug- ust 11, to give a concert at the Evangelical church, Seventh an Rosser Streets, The glee club is completing a tour which took it west, through lIowa,; Kansas, Colorado, Utah to California and up the coast, thence east again, The tour has been one of the most successful in the history of the club. i people will remember their visit here two years ago when they gave a benefit concert in the City Auditorigm under the auspices of the Association of Commerce for the Juvenile band. Competent critics declare the work of the gle® club is of a higher order than ever before and that a rare musical treat awaits those who take advantage of the opportunity to hear them. Prof. C, C. Pinney is in charge of} the club as director und accompan- ist. The personnel of the club includes twelve. HIGHWAY BOARD WILL IMPROVE MERIDIAN ROAD The state highway department has approved the request of voters in Joliette and Pembina townships, !Pembina county, for improvement of the Meridian road in those districts. On July 30 the voters of Joliette township decided, by a vote of 57 to nothing to ask the state highway commission to improve six miles of road and voted an appropriation of $3,000 from the township treasury to| wreck at Hacketstown, N. J., June help defray the cost. They further) 16, in which 50 persons were killed agreed to obtain all necessary rights} and 23 injured, failed to fix re- of way. 4 sponsibility for the accident, Pembina township voters agreed to] The report tended to show that appropriate $2,000 toward the con-| there was no way for the train crews struction of four and a half miles| or other railroad employes to know of road and also agreed to obtain| conditions ahead. The accident w: rights of ar caused by an earth sl across the Surveys will be made this summer] track of the Lackawanna, which Oc- by the highway commission and the| curred just before the passenger werk will be cone next ye: The| train entered the zone, the reports new roads will be an important item] said, and the cars which left the in the general scheme of improving] track were med into the loco- the Meridian highway to the Canadi-| motive. Escaping steam caused the an border, large. number of fatalities. pendditures is alance on hand June ’ TODAY MARKS | ANNIVERSARY OF CITY FIRE | esmuaawele “Do you remember August 8, 26 ” was the question asked Qld timer today of another. “Let's seer’ was the slow, reminis- cent reply, “that would be in 1898, the year of the big fire.” Such was the case for it was just 26 years ago today, August 8 1898, that Bismarck almost suffered exter- mination at the hands of the Red Demon. The fire started at the Northern Pacific depot, completely leveled the building, spread to the Webb block and wrought havoc among the build- ings along Main street. The entire square of the First Na- tional Bank building block was wip- ed out and the site of the City Na- tional Bank building did not escape. Windows cracked for blocks around from the intense heat. The frights of that day, and the tragedies, softened by time, formed the subject of an hour's conversation, 468 MORE MEN THAN WOMEN ON BURLEIGH FARMS There are 46% more men than wo- ing or employed on farms in Burleigh county, according to figures contained in an annual report com- piled by the county auditor, __The report shows 2,509 males liv- ing or employed on farms in 1924 as compared with 2,041 females. Total amount of wages paid on farms including harvest, was $235,- Abandon Probe i of Wreck Which Killed Fifty gators who inquired into the Dela- ware, Lackawanna andy. Western —___._____—_ | New Quake Jars | Santa Barbara San Diego, Cal., —> Aug. 8—()—A slight earth shock was felt here shortly before 3 o'clock this morn- ing. Earthquakes were reported 04 San Jacinto and Hemet, aceording to word received here. No damage was lone, j paring AUTHORITIES WILL NOT ACT IN HANGING “Justice Has Been Done,” Prosecutor Says in Report- ing Incident Closed NEGRO ATTACKS GIRL Victim Admits Guilt, as Mob Hurries Negro to Im- Excelsior Springs, Mo., Aug. (A) Officials of Clay county” hi indicated that no investigation will be made of the lynching here yes- terday of Walter Mitchell, negro, who was taken from jail by a mob and hanged to a tree. The negro had been placed in jail following his identification by a oung woman as her assailant late hursday night. “There will be no inquest,” said . W. Hill, coroner, as he ‘signed ath certificate which gave t cause of death as “strangulation. “Justice” Done “We feel that justice has been done,” Ray Cummings, county pros- ecutor, said. “Of course, the method was crude. I would have preferred that the negro could have been hang- ed legally and Tam convinced that it would have been don With ‘d to an investigation to determine mob leaders, Mr. Cum- mings s Can't Identify Leaders I don't know who they were, and - ta find out.” victim “of the mob years old und had a St. Paul, Minn Aug. was 33 wife living in they were pre- b leaders asked nything to say. I'm guilty." he replied, ac- ng to members of the mob, “but me a chance.” The rope was thrown over the limb of a tree and willing hands soon lifted the negro high in the air. The lynching cuused an exodus of ne- groes from isior Springs. A passenger train was running be- en Excelsior Springs and Excei- t Springs junction and witnessed the hanging. The train forced to stop when the mob swarmed over the track, and passengers crowded the steps and windows. ESTABLISH IDENTITY OF BLAST VICTIM Warrant Issued for Arrest of Missing Chemist, Sought on Murder Charge him if be had “Yes, t ~—With the ntity of the found in the plant of the Pacific Cellulose Company following an explosion and fire more than a week ago, the sup- posed plot of Charles Henry Sch- warty, chemist, to realize on insur- ance policies totaling $1,000,000 today stood definitely shattered. Schwartz is sought on a warrant charging murder, The charred body, which at first was believed to have been Schwartz, was accepted by authorities that of G. W. Barbe, wandering laborer and missionary. It remains in the in Francisco Morgue unclaimed. Mrs. Schwartz, however, still claims the corpse as that of her husband. Although the missing chemist* was credited with being u student of crime detection, bits of evidence found at the scene of the murder led to the identification of the vic- tim and the failure of the “perfect crime.” Cecil Barker, undertaker of Ptaces ville, Calif. who had given Barbe employment on several occasions made possible the indentification of the victim, GUARD SEEKS FEDERAL FUND Attempts to induce the federal government to award to the North Dakota national guard at once the financial support due it for the year 1926 are being made by Adjutant General G. A. Fraser in an effort to obtain funds for the construction of cook shacks at the national guard camp at Devils Lake. National funds for the support of the state guard are received in Janu- ary and it will be too late to con- struct the buildings for the next encampment if funds cannot be ob- tained in time to do most of the work this fall. Part of the necessary money was appropriated at the last session of the state legislature but Fraser would like to have the government’s share in order to do all the work at once. It is proposed to build 15 cook shacks, one for each large company. Provision will be made to serve head- quarters and other small companies from one of the regular artillery or machine gun cook hous The buildings will be of struction and. will be a notable im- provement in the equipment of the camp. GERMANS LAUD AMERICAN’S TALKS Berlin.—The German press My favorable mention of a series of il- lustrated lectures given throughout Germany by George F. Bauer, or the American National Automobile Cham- ber of Commerce. speke on