Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 25, 1874, Page 8

3 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE ras or UBSCAITTION (rATASLE N ATVAYCE) .. B12.00 | Sunday. ‘sz, Ralp gt S15:00 | Walty 72100 Pcrts of & year at the same rata. To prevent delay and mistakes, be snre and give Post Ot ce address in full, including State and County. ‘Pemittances may be made either by draft, expross, Post OfSco order, or 1n registered letters, at our: risk. TERAS 70 CITY SUBGCRIDELS. Dsily, deliverod, Sunday ercepted. 95 cente per week. Dsily, aclivered, Bunday fncluded, 80 cents per woek. Adaress THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearbora-sta., Uhicago, pilny TO-MORROW'S AMUSEMENTS. MV 'S THEATRE—DMadlson stroet, betwesn O State. Engagemcntof the Aimes Opers- uffe Troupe. * La Porionole. HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randoloh_stroet, between Olark and LaSalls. **Tho Streota of New York.” d street, between Mad- ACADEMY OF MUSIC—Halstod streg & d- d Monroe. igement of BRAE" e Avkansas Traveler.” MYERS' OPERA-HODSE—Monroo stroot, between arby @ State. arlington, Cotton, LPF K‘embla‘l tiastrers. Minstreiey aad couicalitios. **Alls Well t Ends Wall. mer of Wabash avenuo ATRE—Cos ADpLE THRATES Coper 2L Y bmg Kar] 1ind, Logrenla, cte. SOCIETY MEETINGS. CHIUAGO COMMANDERY, NO. 13 K. T.—Atten- S ights—Special canc.ave Moudzy ‘evening, o e R Eiock. or work on Rt . Ordor, Visit- pril 54 iy invited. By order of the E. fi‘ Bir Kalghta courtigiid. ¥ SINCLAIR, Recorder. WELCOME LODGE, No. 1, K. of P.—All membors are roquested to meet ot their Castio Hall, corner of La- Blleeng Adsims-sta., on Thursday evening, Bith inst., 208 olclock sharp, s business of imporiance will bo Broughi tafors, ihs Lodge, Viiting brethron co rited. order John J. Mitebell, C. C. Lavited. By ordor Jgnn I RTE, K. B aud S. pro tem. REW RELIEF ASSOCTATION — The L Fataal mosting af the United Habrew Ro. o Axsociation will take place Sua 0 26t pagogu Lo 'f:’;'ci‘.'négfy.l ¥ dancs of ail friends od: e e BOATD. OTIOE TO LABOR-UNIONS.~A committes from o yraon Stons Catters® Assoctation of Chicago Tmoet in tie ofice of the Workingmen's Advocate, 151 and 163 South Clark-t., to confer with delegates other Trados Unions as o the bost means of holding. ‘mass-neoting on the 18th of May, s advised by the K ationalLabor Congress, to protost against the ropoal B tho Efght-Hour law. Al Labor-Unlops aré requosted to sead delegater, Af hts 258 a0 ays 8t 736 o'clock pres e ALEX F. GLESOR, Secretary. ) STAR OF THE WEST LODGE NO. 2, A.P.A.— iDcers and mewbers are_requested to be in attendance it their hall of m‘ncun‘, noXt Tm“td dnlfllu, A lr;ihal. Fomadan w-mohid The Chivans Tribune, Bunday Morning, April 26,81874. BOCRATES, PENELOPE, AND CATHERINE IT. It is one of the curiosities of modern civiliza- tion that a special Ecclesiastical Court has been tonvened in the City of Chicago, in the United Btates of America, in the year 1874, to try and determine the question, among others, whether, under the economy of God, either Penelope, Bocrates, or Catherine If. has been admitted to Heaven, and whether the man who suggeststhat Penelope and Socrates have possibly fared equally well with the Russian Empress ought not to baregarded and treated as a heretic. Let us first inquire who were the persons whose pos- sible doom is now to bo passed upon. Waiving all doubts, we will consider Penelope 28 a0 hlstorim}cruon. As such she is lkmown as the wife of tho wise and warlike Ulysses. Though not intellectually as gifted s her hus- band, she poesessed virtues that have rendered her name illustrious a5 the choste wife, the care- ful, prudent mother, the sxillful Begont of her husband's kingdom, and 8s the unquestioning believer in predestinstion. To her the gods scomed always just, and she accepted without a murmur the decrees of fate,—which even the gods could not reverse nor evade. Her husband was absent 20 years; she was young snd comely; = Queon, and possessed of wealth ; ghe hed innumersble suitors, and, though for ten years it was uncertain whether her husband was living or dead, she mneither sought a divorce, had s Iover, nor consented to marry any of her importunate suitors. Sur- rounded by crime and corruption, and with the vicions examples of all her contemporaries be- fore her, she remained to the last the pure and devoted wife, the illustrions Queen, and ex- emplary mother, The next in theliat of those whose eternal fate 18 to be discussed by the Chicago Presbytery is Bocrates, the philosopher who wrote nothing, ‘but whose fame has mantlod sll the ages that bave come after him. Bocrates was not a Christian,—could not have been,—having lived pearly 500 yoars before Christ. He was not a Jow, and knew nothing of the Hebrow scrip- Jures. He was a Greek, and has been described ‘ thus: “With natarslly impotuous appetites, " pf an irascible temper, he has yet been called the most illustrious example in history of the moral tonsciance, and the creator of moral science.” He aught all the virtues, and practiced them He married, and cheerfully endured his wife's vio- lent temper as a course of egelf-discipline. He w2s & patriot, a soldier, and scholar, and sp- plied Lia love of country and his wisdom to bene- Bt mankind. Finally, after loog lifo of useful- nees, ho was accused of heresy, was convicted, and was put to death for refusing to recant. When bis last hour arrived he scemed to have had this Chicago trial in his prophetic mind, for, in dismissing the friends around him, he said “It is now time thas we depart, I to die, you to live ; but which has the better destny is un- known to all except the gods.” His last conver- sation with his friends was full of faith in the Deity and in the immortality of the soul. The Chicago heretic now on trial, in one of his sermons, in 1llustrating a certain point, thus spoke : Thers s no donbt the notorious Catherine IT, held more truth and better truthtban was known to =il classic Gresce, held toa bellef in 8 Bavior of whose glory that gifted soul knew naught; yet suchis the - grandeur of soul above mind, that Idoubt mot that Queen Penslope, of the dark land, and the doubting Boczates have received st Heaven's gate 3 swester wel- Fomo than greeted the ear of Kussis's hrilliant but false-lived Queen, i Now, who was Catherine ? She was the daugh- ter of & Gorman Prince, and was at an early day betrethod tu a son of a branch of the House of Holstein, In the revolutions and changes i the throne of Russia the unmarried Empress Eliza- both selected this boy as her heir. Catherine, at the age of 14, accompanicd ber intended husbacd to Russia. They badboth been Lutherans, but readily renounced that faithand accepted the foctrines of the Greek Church. As gu, wd eubsequently as wife, she lived in court where the external forms of religion ~— ¢ mere strictly observed, but whare neither Pprivate religion, virtue, nor common decency was prac- ticed. Religion was a thin veil, too thin to hide the hideous gocial depravities behind. Catherine, first & spectator, became s participant in this, and for forty vears, a8 wife and widow, she lived a life of crime and debauchery which far trans- cended thet of any of her predecessors. She was faise to her husband, and then deposed and murderod him. For forly years she was the re- proach of Christianity and of civilization,—a morsl monster beyond comparison. The Eocleaiastical Court which is now con. —= voned in Chicago is asked to punish aa heresy the intimation that Catherine, who is assumed to have had faith in Christ, fared no better after her misdeeds than Socrates or Penelope. Or, to put the heresy more distinctly, it is sought to punish the suggestion that Socrates and Penelope, who never heard of Christ, were admitted to Heaven on an equality with Catherine II., who had heard of him, and who had, during forty years of absolute power, violated every chapter of the Gospels. It bas been tho custom of mankind to hold up the chaste Penelope as an example to woman- kind. Her virtues and her trath have been sung in every written language, and during all ages she bas been considered s & model for sll gen- erations. Now, we aro to have it determined ex cathedra that Penelope is not in Heaven, but js, with Socrates, smong the damned, while Catherine, who served the devil as perhaps no other woman did, cheated him of his lawful prey by a profession of faith, and is now among tho elect in the Now Jerusalem. The prose- cutor may mot go so far as to affirm that Cathering, is actually eaved, but he is bound to maintain that she is as well off inthe other world a8 Socrates or Penelope. Yet to make out » real case of heresy it is nocessary to assume thst Catherine is in Heaven, and to do this it must bo admitted that in renouncing the Lu- theran Evangelical Church and faith, and accept- ing sll tho eesential doctrines of the Papal Church (under a different name), she had not lost her election to the Kingdom of God. Bhe wasa rigiddisciplinarian. She compelled her peo- ple toattond mass, to goto confession, to believe in transubstantiation, to recognize her s the head of the Church, and generally to believe ail the doctrines of the Catholic Church. The fol- lowers of Calvin in the Chicago Presbytery can only maintain that Catkerino IL. is in Heaven by allowing that she went through the portals of the Catholic Church, and that she did this after baving sbandoned Evangelicalism; and this they must do in order to establish tho heresy that good Socrates and virtuous Penelope never met 88 warm & welcome in Heaven as did the dissolute Rusaian Empress. Heresy is an awful thing, and the spirit of Inquisition is s justifia- blo now as it ever was. We may not burn, hang, quarter, bury alive, or otherwise kill, the body of heretics, as was once the fashion, but the truth of religion, the cause of Christ, domaud now, as they always have, that an example should be made of the man who will dare to tell the childron of this day that Socrates and Penel- ope, a pair of heathen, are probsbly among the elect on an equality with Catherine II. INSULTS ALL AROUND THE BOARD. ‘We are fallen upon distressful times, Boston merchants, smelling of Long Whart and cordage and halibut, and horny-handed Grangers, with hay-sced in their hair and swoet apples in thelr pockets, boldly invade the apartments of tho ‘White Honse and propound copundrums to the President which no man can look upon in any other light than as premeditated insults. The sequel showed that the President is not of that phlegmatic, imperturbable, cast-iron mold we had always supposed. He does not shed insalts 89 a duck sheds rain. By no means. He knows what belongs to his official state ss well as any master of etiquette in the effete monarchies of the Old World. It is only a few weeks ago that the South Carolina dolegation of tsx-payers waited upon the President to sce if he could nof afford them some relief from taxes which were stripping them of their property and turning it over to the rapacions carpet-bagger. Thoy presented what an ordinary calious person would call a reapect- fuland dignified address, but it insulted the Prosident. It smote him goro, it produced pangs, and stirred bile which could only find vent in his remark to the astonished Commitiee that he looked upon their coming a8 an inswt. Disre- garding or disrémembering this deliberate stab at the feelings of the President, nextcame a Boston delegation of merchants to protest againat inflation, ana the very first thing they did was to insult the President, In pursmance of the rosolution pussed st Fanenil Hall objecting to the policy of paying the bonded debt before it was due,while leaving the demanded debt (green- backs) unredeemed, they opposed the purchase of United States bonds with the surplus from the Tressury. Tho Loston gentlemen, in the sim- plicity of their souls, had found in the Act to Strengthen the Public Credit, approved March 18, 1869, 2 provision that *‘none of said interest- bearing obligations (honds) not already due shall be redesmed or paid before maturity, unless at such time United States notes shall be con- vertible into coin at the option of the holder.” This was the first act passed by the Forty-first Congress, and was tho first act ever approved by President Grant; aund that these Boston gentlemen should deliberately come on to Wash- ington and ineult him with the very law to which ho had givon vitality by his signature was one of the most aggravated insults he had ever re- ceived. Then the New York delegation came to him upon a similar errand, he immediately hedged against the possibility of ivsuit from them by informing them that if be could ever be in favor of inflation it wonld be from the effects of such arguments a8 the Boston gentlemen urged sgainst it ; in other words, if the President conld ever be in favor of inflation, it would be owing to the act which he signed against inflation, and providing for redemption in coin at the earlioat practicable moment. The President, fortu- nately, had some compensation for this harsh shock. He kept them cooling their heels and holding their bats full fifteen minutes while Ben Butler consulted with him, aod, when ho deigoed to listen to their insulta, Logan and Carpenter wero aliowed to stand by and puff tobacco-smoke in their faces. Lsst of all, he had tho pleasure of avenging the insult by rehearsing the gau- cheries of Boston before the New York dele- gation ; and if there is anything calculated to Dbarrow up the feelings of & Bostonian, it is to be rebuked before & New Yorker. But worse remsins behind. The President, having vindicated his digoity snd made every- thing square on that score, proceeded to do what the Boston and New York men recom- mended that he should do. And he did 1t with avengeance. If Logan and Carpenter had in- sulted the New York delegation by sssuming s loaferish attitnde and puffing tobacco-smoke in their faces, the President paid them off with interest. He wrote & veto messsge charging that they Lad violated their pledges and inflicted dishonor upon the country, and were paving the way to repudistion. Truer words were never, and braver ones seldom, uttered. But do not all previous indignities dwindle into insignificsnce compared with this? There are Logas, and Morton, and Ferry, and Carpenter, and Cameren, and Butler, and Kelloy, who have been howling themselves hoarse for months—for what? Far national dishonor, violstion of pledges, and ultimate repudiation! Bouth Oarolina may have been awkward, Boston may have been churlish, but for a man to pile Pelion upon Ossain the way of plain speaking commend us to Gen. Grant. It is a sad world, my masters,—a woary, woful world. Even Mayor Colvin is not exempt from ingult. The Common Council has insulted the iaw-officers of the city, and throngh them the Mayor, by the passage of the Law-Department ordinance, and Mayor Colvin has iunsulted the Council by vetoing it. Is there to be no end to this kind of thing? Are sensitive, high-strung, finely-tempered, delicately-organized natures to be left exposed in this manner to every chilling wind that blows, to the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, the proud man’s contumely, and the spurns which patient merit of the un- worthy takes? They manage these things better in Japan. There, when s man has insulted his’ chief, he is expected to retire at once to tho privacy of his apartments and plunge a knife into his own bowels. A CHANCE FOR MORTOR. We sympathize with the Indiana Oliver. He has axked for more greenbacks and hasn't got 'em. Moreover, tho refusal has been accom- panied with the statement, put in diplomatic language, that Mr. Morton is an ignoramus in finance, is blind to the true interests of the country, is trying to break plighted faith with our creditors, the promises of Congress, and tho pledges of party, and is, moreover, disloyal to the first representative of the Ropublican party. How clse shall we interpret the President's declaration : The theory, in my bellef, {s a departure from the true principles of finance, national interest, national obligations to creditors, Congressional promises, party pledges on the part of both political parties, and of the personsl views and promises msde by me in every annual message sent to Congress, and in my inaugural addrees, This crushing rebuff must make the Indiana Bonator very unhappy. He is without honor, save in bis own Stato, That community, s he claims, seems to regard national lying and npational bankruptcy as the proper aims of & statesman. No such pent-up Utica, however, can give Mr. Morton’s powers a satisfactory field. Ho needs s national arena in which to play gladiator and stab the publio credit. We have discovered the place for him. Lot him emigrate to Italy. The land of the sun is his Canaan. In the first place, its financlal logio is of the school of Lo- gan, in which Mr. Morton is such an adept. When Secretary Boutwell spoke slightingly of Italian crodit, tho insulted country said, in its Parlisment and through its press: *‘Amer- ican credit is bad, You're another. Therefore Italian credit is When s London newspsper mildly sup- ported Mr, Boutwell's assortion, the ready reply waa: “England had botter not talk about financial irregularities. Did not Edward IIL, in the fourteenth contury, get 635,000gold florins from the great bankers, Bordi and Peruzzi, and then refuse to repsy them? Therefore Italian credit is firstclass.” Such log- ic sounds familiar. Its duplicate can be found in tho dobates in favor of the late la- mented * Act to Put the United Statesinto Bankruptey.” Italy would suit Mr. Morton, again, bocause she makes money on her printing- presses. In 1872 eho had a deficit of $54,600,- 000. In 1873 it was $80,600,000. This year it is $48,000,000. Dut the prosses click merrily on, snd the paper they print is logal- tender. What an Elysium for an American ipflationist. The one thing that has been wanting to complete it was the direct repudistion of some of the national obligations. Even this hos mow been done. Italy has imposed upon her creditors various stringent obligations that were unthought of at the time her loans were made. She has, more- over, taxed the interest on her bonds 13} per cont. Thisis straight repudiation, on & par with Mr. Morton's plan of paying our bonds in green- backs. Nothing more is needed to make the Senator happy. Let him go at once. If he wishes company, the country can spare Logan. CONSCIENTIOUS DYSPEPSIA. In tho midst of the much that is said upon the drinking question, it is to behoped that tho words of Mrs. Emilie J. Loyson, the wife of Pero Hyacinthe, will fall upon good ground,’and bring forth fruit an handred fald. That oxcellent lady, in her lotter of ** Appraciation and Encourage- ment to the Women of America,” gives it as her opinion that * the great American malady s the maledy of the stomach. Conscientious people become dyspeptics. Non-conscientious people become drinkers.” Bhe thinks “the appetite for drink is not necessarily made by drinking, bat in nine cases out of ten it is created and cul- tivated at our tables—in our children—by the uscof pepper, pickles, mustard, spices, hot bread and pastry,' raw meat and grease, and, aborve all, by the use of tobacco. Thecry of a depraved appetite, an inflimed stomach, is al- ways for something stronger.” Madame Loyson urges us to go to the root of the matter, which in this case is no more tigure of speoch, for she would have us give more at- tention to the cultivation of the grape-vine and leas to the caltivation of rye. * Instead of rye for whisky, raise grapes, that pure, native winesmay be used.” This is certainly very seagonable advice to give in Switzerland, and to take in America, but what will be 2fadame Loy~ son's sstonishment whon she learns that those who have assumed the leadership, or perhaps wo should say the editorship, of the temperance movement in this country, are in as much of ‘s ferment snd torment with reference to the ‘“purs, mnative wine”™ which she recommends, a8 they are respecting the #poisonous whisky ” which she reprobates and denounces. What will she say upon finding that the “ vin ordinaire " and the ** Strasbourg biere," with which she and her eloguent husband fre- quently refresh themselves, is banned by the edi- tors of the * crusade " with the same vehemenco and aspbrity with which they animadvert upon the # liguid fire ” which is burning up so many of our fellow-beings ? Again, what will Madame Loyson think when she is informed (a8 doubtless she will be by the Committee that answers her letter) that the edi- tors of the temperanco movement of this coun- try do pot condescend to take into conaideration what she calls *‘ the cause” of this mania for intoxicating liquors? What is dyspepeia to them, or they to dyspepsia? Catch them bringing their enormous intellects to bear upon go insig- ‘pificant & question 88 conscientions dys- pepsial Fancy their loadiog ther 4% pounders with pickles, hot bread, and greasel Imagine a discussion at one of their clubs of the ‘corrupting appetita™ for tobacco 28 a cause of the craving thirst for old rye and rot-gut | Ten chances toone, the ardent spirit who? aball call npon Madame Loyson in Go- neva, toenlisthar eympathies for the molasses~ and-waier exegetes, will spilliamouthful of tobsce { co-juice upon her elegant carpet bofore breathing out threatenings of slanghter upon those who make glad their hearts occasionally by & glass of lager. Conststency may be s jewel, but heisnots teetotaler, He may notbe an unconscien- tious drinker,” but he is s *‘conscien- tious dyspeptic.” The * conscientious people who become dyspeptics * from the use of tobacco, pickles, and pastry have no dealings with the unconscientions people who become whisky- sonkers from the same diet. Thoy strain at the goat of California wine, snd swallow the camel which Madame Loyson calla the ** American mal- ady of the stomach.” Wo beliove it was Voltaire who said that the welfare of a nation often depended Lpon the good or bad digestion of its Prime Minister, and Aotley declares that the gout of Charles V. changed the destinies of mankind. After asser- tions as strong as these, it is little to say that the fate of the cause of temperance and sobriety may be determined by the conscientions dyspepsia of & few fanatics. There is reason to fear, at all events, that what Dr. John Hall calls *“‘intelligent and consistent temperance” will makolittle headway becanse of the conduct of those who are intem- perate in averything excopt drinking, and would bo intemperate in that but for their precaution of totally abstaining from it. To expect them to be temperato in temper wonld be as propos- terous as to expect them to see the fundamental point of Madame Loyson's admonition. Their intoxication comes not of whieky, let us concods, or of lager-beer, for that wever produces so rantankerous s disposi- tion, but it is what the trenchant French lady calls “the cry of an inflamed stomach for sonfething stronger.” Thetr bile found relief in inflammatory rhetoric or mis- quotations from the Bible. While they are in- vestigating the Bible, let them find their proto- types in those who called their Master & glutton and a wino-bibber because He camo eating and drinking in moderation what gluttons ate too much of, and what inebriates drank to oxcess. —_—— THE FOURTH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. TheSession of the Fourth Presbyterian Church has, by an address signed by all tho elders, de- clared their disbelief in the charges mado against Prof. Bwing, and of therr undiminished con- tidence in the orthodoxy and ministerial fidelity of their pastor. This declaration, which will be probably as unsnimously accopted by all the members of the Church, i3 an important item in the consideration of the probable results of the trial now going on. It is gonerally assumed that the Chicago Presbytery will scquit Prof. Swing of the charges made sagainst him by Prof. Patton. In that case, the prosecu- tion can take an appesl to the Synod of Northern Dlinois, which is composed of soveral DPresbyteries, lucluding that of Chicago. This Bynod may, probably will, overrule the Chicago Presbytery. In that case an appeal lies from the Synod to the General As- sembly of the Church. I: is safo to assume, judging from the genoral character and spirit of tho prosocutor, that an sacquittal by the Chi- cago Presbytery will not be accopted as concla- sive, and that, to sccure s conviction, tho case will bo taken to the Synod, and even to the Gen- eral Asscmbly. Here comes in the significance of the action taken by the Session of the Fourth Presbyterian Church. In case of an acquittal by the Chicago Presbytery, and a subsequent con- viction by the Synod, what is to become of the Fourth Church? The8Session of that church will bave either to recant its rocent declaration, or scparate from the Presbyterian denomination. Wo have hadacase like this in the Cheney socession. The adherence of the congrogation and local government of Christ Episcopal Church tothe pastor led to & schism, not only in this State, but elsewhere. Is a like resalt sought in the Presbyterian body? Canit be avoided, if the prosecution of Mr. Swing is persisted in? Is not the separation of the Fourth Church an inevitable consequenceof the conviction of Prof. Swing by the Bynod of flinois, or by the General Assombly? and will the separation be confined to the Fourth Church? Wil it not be as extensive as the sympathy and agreement among church-members with Prof. Swing in the Presbyterian body? Is it mot, therefore, & matter for careful consideration whether this supposed heresy may not bo 80 magnified by the prosecution that it will end, not onlyin driving out the Fourth Church, but in be- coming excecdingly widespread and extensive? It the object be to reduce the number of Fres- byterian churchos, and the number of Presby- teriaus within the jurisdiction of that Church, then it 18 possible that the Bwing trial may lead to & much wider echiem in the Presbyterian body than did the Chenoy schism in the Episcopal Church. e CHICAGO THIRTY YEARS AGO. We have before usan sacient 7olume dovoted entiroly to Chicago. It is the city directory for 1845, by J. W. Norris. For its perusal wo are indebted to W. B. Showard, Esq., No. 1093 Wost Lake stroot ; and, although it datos back only & year boyond the timo when the writer first saw tho city, it bas afforded us & great deal of pleas- ure, not to say instruction, to look over it. Of course, the chronicle for the year 1845 was mot closed at the time the Directory was issued; and, from the events of 1844—just thirty years ago—noticed on pages 143-'4, we make tho following extracts: On the first Saturday of Februiry, a new weekly paper, the Chicago atic Advocate and Commer- cial Advertiser, wos started by Ellis & Fery lishers and proprictors. It is devoted {0 the of the principles of the Democratic party.” Mr. Fergus, a sturdy Scotchman, doing, a8 always, good service in the * art preservative,” ia still in the city. The charter—olection, March 4, was nnusually excit- ing. Mr. Gatrett received only seven votes over his compatitor, Mr. Doyle, This eloction was afterwards contestod, on the ground of {llegality in the Fifth ‘Ward, ono of the clerks not being s legal voter. An- other election was held, at which Mr, Saerman (A,-S.), e late Mayor, beat M~ Garrett by & majority of 136 votes, So it seems that ‘ ways that are dark, and tricks that are vain,” were practiced in Chicago betore California was ansexed to the Republic, and Ah-Sin hsd made is appearance on this continent. Mr. Garrett died, if we mistake not, previous 0 1850, Mr. Sherman lives in Wauke- gan, in the enjoyment of the best of health and an ample competence. The Chicago Daily and Weekly Erpress, W, W. Brackett, editor and proprietor, was discontinusd on the 20th day of April, and the Chicago Daily and Feckly Journal, under the direction of Wilson & Nor- ris, eatablished n its place, No change took place in the political character of the paper; the Journal, as was the Ezpress, being the organ of the party. The Maria Hilliard, a beautiful achooner of 191 tans, O Lhe 228 day of- Ape See. Abamgarat n the yof Ap: % Abbott died roddenty ot Watertord Mich. Bus Sere daughter of Mr. John Kinzle, Indixn Agent hero at & very early period; was residing with her father at ths time of the Indian massscre in 1812, on which occasion her lifo was preserved by the aid and devotion of a friendly Indian, who rusbed with her in his arms into the lake. On the 4th dsy of May the stesmer Nile made her firat appearance in our barbor. The Wisconsin ar- rired o tho sth. The Bt. Rev, Willism Quarters (Catholic), Bish- op of the Diotess, Arrived on the ouh of o In the Common Councll, May 9, au ordinsncs was providing for ersction of a - ering the masth of Ma mnn-:::: g the mon! y there were @ays ; four days daring which the stmosphers n: the {rematnder were more oF less cloudy. Ontho 20th of May, s weekly paper, called tbo Gem of the Prairié, was started by Jones & Beach, editors aud ~ proprietors. It 'is among the nehtest papers in the West; devoted fo litersture; temperance, and generalintelligence ; and bas sttain » circulation of about 600. It is mow adited by J. Gampbell & Co., 65 Laka stroet. It afterwards changed hands, and in 1847 THE Dary Temuxe, for the second time, was atart- ed, ir connection with it. On Wedneaday, the 5th of June, the corner-stone of Trinity Church was laid. A number of articles, among which was the Directory of 1844, wers deposited 1o & leadon box under the corner-stone. July 25, the stexmboat Indiana arrived on a pless- ure-excursion. “Aug. 3, Gen. Winfleld Beott arrived or & vieit to the ty. At tace: X severe:stora b it xnd rate, accompanied with thunder and lightning. The bulidings and the residence of E. H. Hadduck ware 'T:;.’ 9, shipwreck. The schooner Dsnfel Whitney was lost in the gale on Lake Michigan, Al on board e e iho ity wia visited bys severs storm of wind ; one of the walls of the Baptist Church, then iu Pprocess of erection, was blown down, falling on and crushing a dwelling-house near by. Such are some.of the news items daly re- corded in Chicago thirty years ago. In 1845 Augustus Garrett was Mayor. Aldermen—First Ward, J. Y. Scammon and Thomas Church; Bocond, J. H. Woodworth and R. P. Hamilton ; Third, F. H. Taylor aod F. Edwards; Fourth, A. Pierce and F. McDonough; Fiftn, Elihu Grangor and Ssmuel Geer; Sixth, R. C. Rossand M. D, Ogden. 'E. A. Rucker was City-Clerk ; W. L. Church, Tressurer; sud William H. Brown, Bchool-Agent. Stephen F. Gale was Chiet-Engineer of the Fire-Department. 1In the Travelers' Rogister wo find that coaches Jeave Chicago and Peoria daily ; through in two days; fare $8. Cosches leave Chicago and Galena every day ; through in two days; fare $8. Coaches leave Milwaukes end Chicago, Monday, Wednesday, sud Friday, in summer; daily in winter ; through in one and a half days; lodge at Bouthport (Kenosha) ; fair $5 in win- tor, $3 in summer. (Competition of steamers reduced it $2 in summer). The population of Chicago in 1844, only thirty years ago, was 10,864 Nobody now estimates it at less than 450,000. The general statement of the finances of the city, taken from the report of the Finance Com- mittoo made to the Council, Feb. 14, 1845, is & curiosity. The items are: Received from resources of former years,,..$ 1,859.21 Received from resources_of present year.... 19,628.99 $21,483,30 dinary, inclu Iake shore pro interest, &c. . . 868853 Currout expenses. L Tan0.44 Add cash in Treasury o balance.. 2,547.69 $21,488.20 The taxes levied upon ths city for the year 1873 wero 95,617,313, We presume the expensea were fully equal to that figure. 1t is safe to gay that no other city in the world ever showed equal progross in wealth, in popula- tion, and in all that can contnbaute to the culture and the substantial welfare of its people, accom- plished in the past thirty years will fade out of sight in the achievements of an equal period that is before us. The items in this year’s Di- rectory will appear still more strange to the read- ers of Tue TRIBUNE in the year of grace 1804, than those of 1844 appear to us, THEODORE PARKER. THEODORE PAREER: ABI0GRAPEY. By OTAVICE Boooxs FROTHINGHAM. 8vo., pp. B8, Boston: James R. Osgood & Co. A fow months before the desth of Theodore Parker, he remarked to s friend. “If any one writes my life, I think it will bo George Riploy ; he, better than any one, nnderatanda my philos- ophy, and what I meant to do.” *‘Bat the per- sonal life," eaid the frisnd; *who will write that? When one has achieved such & character a8 yours, we long to know what eloments bave been wrought into it.” *That lifo,” he answar- od with deep emotion, *cannot be written, I Dbave been asked to employ these few remaining months in preparing sn gutobiography. But it must be written in tears of blood, if at all.” It 'was never written. 1In answor to the eager demands of friends, & biography was bronght out, 58 soon after his death zs practicable, by John Weiss. It was pub- lished at an unfavorsble time, in 1863, when men's minds were distracted over the fate of the conntry, and every other intercst was neglected. 1t was, in addition, too bulky for general circu- lation,—being in two volumos,—and too much given to correspondence and prolonged discus- sions. A more compact lite was desired; one that would give a clear, bold sketch of the man, devoid of superfluous accessories and dotails. Hence the present work. But the precise need HAS NOT YET BEEN ET. There is siill room for a third biography; ons that shall be compassed within a duodecimo vol- ‘umo,—the most convenient and attractive of all ‘book-forms,—and ehall tell the plain, unvar- nished story of fheodore Parkor’s life in & aim- plesnd flowing narrative, which tho multitude will read with oasy comprebension. Mr, Frothingham has resolved the character of his subject into 1ts various elements, with minato and paine-taking analysis, and there loft it to the ingenuity of the reader to reconstruct again. Itis a trying task, which the many will 1ail of sccomplishing, and will turn from with an incomplete sense of what the man, Theodore Parker, really was, and of the exact work he actually performed. It is & loss and & disap- pointment, for no msan of his goneration more deserved to be set beforo us in a life-like gem- blance, with body and soul faithfully outlined and developed. He was an intellectual Titaz and & moral hero, whose influence over his time was immense, and whose example it will do the world good lo contemplate. Dopracate, con- demn, as we may, s theology and lus politics, we can but honor tho honesty of his principles, tho bravery with which he proclaimed them, and the courage with which he bore the persecution for their sake, that inflicted tho pains of martyr- dom upon his sensitive spirit. THEODORE PARKER was the youngest of eleven children, and yet was welcomed 83 & sweet blessing in the humble home, where only the plainest fare was to be nad after hard toil on the poor scros of a little farm'in Lexington, Mass. He was born Aug. 24, 1810, of a father who was noted in all the neighiborhood for his strong senge, strict probity, ‘and good understanding; and of a mother who had s deeply religions and poetical nature, and was remarkable, among otber things, for s fine memory. Both parents were members of the Unitarian denomination, liberal in faith, grave in demeanor, chary of apoech, of little education, yet given to reading and thought, and fully ap- preciating the importance and sdvantage of learning. The boy w=s early accorded the use of what opportunities the rural district-school of those days afforded, and was very soon distingnished for an insatiste thirst for knowledge, and a pro- digious power of retaining it. At 7 years of _age, having somewhere heard an emphatic dec- laration of the doctrine of everlasting damna- tion, be passed through an awful mental conflict, which filled a night or two with sach horror that he could never afterward revive the recollection without & shudder. But he came out of the sol- itary fight with & firm couviction, never again to be shaken, that God's purpose in the creation of men included no possibility of their eternal misery. Before he was 8 years old, he had read tranalations of Homer and Plutarch, Rollin’s Ancient History, with such other volumes of prose and poetry as fell into his greedy clutches. A *“disease of verse-making " seized him about this time, from which he never recovered; but his efforta at courting the Muses were not mig- nally succesaful,—a circumstance that occagioned him some regret. When he had reached his 16th year, he received s single term of instruction at the ‘*Academy” in Lexington, where it tasked the master to kesp him in work,—his lecaons, double the usual number, being 80 quickly disposod of, His carsar of teaching began a3 17, and extendsd over four seasons, during which he had charge of successive schools at Quincy, North Lex- ington, Concord, and Waltham. The day before he had completed his 20th year, he obtained eave of absence from home from morning until night, and went away, no oue lmew whither. On his return at evening, he sstonished his father with the intelbgence that he had walked to Cambndge and entered as A BTUDENT OF HARVARD COLLEGE. © But, Theodore, I cannot afford it," remon- strated his father. * It sha¥ cost you nothing,” replied Theodore. *“I will stayat homoand Xeep up with my class ;" and so he did. At the end of the year he had distanced his claes, but could not pay for a degree. It was conferred upon him, in 1640, a8 & mark of honor which Harvard was prond to bestow upon a mind so spacious and well-furnished. N All theso years of his minority, in which his father's house was his home,were years of severe toil on the farm. Sometimes in the last of them, bo had worked twenty hours out of the twen- ty-four for seversl days togother. Always, from his childhood, he had voluntarily Isbored beyond hia atrength, thereby impairing his constitution, and inducing future disease and a premature death. But he was born a worker, with a goad- ing impulse to do whatover he undertook, cost to himsolf what it might. In 1831,—five months before ho attained his majority,—he engaged as -an assistant in a private school in Boston. He was get to teach more than he knew, yet his de- ficiency was never suspected. By incredible toil he swftly acquired the knowledge he must im- part, and 8 vast deal besides. He studied ten or twelve hours s day, and taught six orseven. Nature revolted at last against such demacds, and, at the end of the year, with reduced health, he loft Boston and opened s privata school in Watertown. Life there was more wholesome, and, though work and study were stilt unremitting, the con- ditions were more tolerable. His school was tHourishing, and the two yeara he gava to it were fruitful in pleasurs and profit. Having resolved to ENTEB THE MINISTRY, Mr. Parker went to Cambridge Divinity School April, 1834,—a few months before the close of the Junior year. He had saved from teaching about §150; the beneficiary fund gave himabout 28 much more ; and the remaining sum needed to meet his light expenses—for he had well learncd the art of economy—was gained by les- sons to private papils. To his cladg, numbering eight, belonged John 8. Dwight, the well-known musical critio, and C. P. Crouch, the post-artist. At thia time be was marked by s restless ambi- tion to excel, an exuberance of life, an ingenu- ous modesty, and an honesty that knew not how to lie. His reading was enormons, He literally de- voured books, rapialy going through with huge and venerable tomes which nona save the bibliomanim so much a8 kaew the names of. The titles are givon of sixty-five volumes, in German, English, Danish, Latin, and Greek which he read within two months. His studies in above twenty different languages, ancient and ‘modern, were pushed 8o far that he made & more or less complete acquaintance with their ltera- tures. Throughout his life, his achiovements in scholarship wero equally smazing. His inveati- gation of every subject presented to his mind was the most thorongh possible; no atone was left unturned which might oconceal & fast. Whatever was the task before him,—sermon, lecture, essay,—he propared himself for it by research over the entire ground it covered. On one oceasion, he was to read an essay upon Mo- hammed, before the Orieutal Bociety,—s com- pany of eight or ten peraons, moeting annually in Boston. As preliminary work, he refreshed his acquaintance with the Arabic snd Spanish languages, and then proceeded to resd thiough & series of volumes relating to Mohimmad, which, standing on end, side by side, covered a longth of eleven feot in his library. After ex- tracting the pith from each one of them, he felt qualified to attempt the essay. It waa after this manner that he worked invariably. HI8 MEMORY WAS A8 EXTRAORDINARY a8 his faculty of scquisition. It grasped with hooks of steel all that was committed to . Thirteen years after his first visit to Europe, be wrote to a friend in Venice, *‘ Please look at the *Viaggi di Giovanni Gabota® (or Gabotti, or Gabbotti), in the Ducal Library, and give me the exact title. Itused to be the corner book in the corner of the library next the Canale Grande, on the lowest shelf. The book is in no cstalogue in America, and men say there isnosuch.” A friend once asked him ‘‘whore Dr. Lord found the fact that the black Africans were déscended from the Canaanites,” * He got it,” said Par- ker, ‘from Grotius' *‘De Veritate;’" ang went to the shelr to verify the statement. The book was not there, but a narrow empty space where it ususlly stood. *‘Miss Btevenson must bave lent the book ; I have not. The statement yourefer to occursin that volume.” Then he proceeded to say how far along in the book it was, how far down the pago, and ou which page it was printed. *‘Have you read the book late- ly?" asked the friend. ‘‘No, not for many years. Inover readit butonce.” *‘Isthe pas- Bsage in question associated with any inciders in your expericaco that you recall it 8o readily ? *4No ; I recollect it simply as a part of the con- tents of the book.” The passage was afterwards found exactly where he had located it. On leaving Divinity Hall, in 1836, he passed through the trying experience of & ministerial candidate, preaching, & few Sundays esch, in Barnstable, Portland, Lowell, and Billerica. He was invited to tho pastorats in Waltham, Con- tect, ho plainly announced the fact from hiy pulpit. As his was the atron in all the brilliant circlo of ogr”h;‘u?::: e:;:n’hs: Boston, in his denomination and ont of it, he ran far in advance of the rest, and startled th, boldest with his novel positions. p A tromendous disturbance arose. The Minirterial Association wished to be ridB::h; dangerous an sgitator ; but to expel him they dared not venture, and withdraw he would not. Then began a system of punishment, reachin, to_ porscoution, which Tasted whilo ‘he lives Ministers refused to exchango with him. Not a half-dozen in sl the vicinity would admit bim to thoir pulpits, and many refused to sccord hiry any recognition. He was thenceforth, in fact ontlawed by Church and Society. His 4 friends, most of them, clung to him ; but thy great body of conservative men, of every soct and ciass, regarded him with feelings rangi; all the way from apprehension to abhorrence, HOW HE BRAVED THE STORM may be gathered from a faw of his tterances iy public and private. To a friond he writes: itiss il put e tion it © s —ALL ALONE. But I have no ambition to gratity, el 50 neither fear tho disgraco, nor covet the applau, they can give me. If I can speak the truth plainly hotiest a1 arneat men, 1t s a1 T ask. The rocsh it th the God of all ; and you and I hive o causs to fear. 1 have received the resdy sympathy of intelligen; md ;:unan. laymen, and confess that it makes me ol In his private journal he says: 1 once loved pleasure; and religicn Xept me Tivod meg ey o e g e e o ton,—and once resolved to sccumulate §100,000 but religion forbade me to be rich while the poor needed food and the ignorant to go to college. I love erse; but I don't take it, Religion keeps me &t this dak and sends mo & thoussud things which, even now, like not to do. 1lova fame, and for veligion T togts path that I know would lesd me to infamy all my 1fe; snd, if snything elao ever comes of} it, it ‘will ba whey 1 wm wholly oblivious to all things. I love the soclety of cultivatod poople, & good name, reapectabiity and sl that; and religious condition has da. pried me of it all, made mo &n outeast tnd the companion of oufcasts, aud given ma & mams more hated than any in all New England. Isee mo stare at me in the stroet, and paint, and say, * Thity Theodoro Parker,” and 100k at ms 2 if T wers » mum derer. Old frionds, even parishoners, will not bow t¢ me in the street. Iam cast ontof ull respectable s cety. I imew all this would come, It has come frors my religion; and I would not forego that religion for all this world can give. I have borne sorrows that boy men together il they can in nowise 1ift up themsalres, Bt my comfort has hecs the Joy of religions 1. G light 13 the infinite God ; and that has sustained ma, Elsswhers he declares: *I told my opponents the only man who could put me down was my. self; and I trusted I should do nothing to kring about that resuli.” THE BTUFY THAT MAXYS MARTYRS was In Theodore Parker’s compesition, and it was useless to attempt to suppreas him. But he got worn in the combat, his viges flagged, and, in 1849, he was glad to accept the bounty of friends, who persuaded bim off to Europe for a year's rest and reareation,—hoping that, by his return, tho excitement sgainst him would have subsided, or that he might losa meantime some of the reformer’s spirit. They were diszppointed. He came back with viows and purposes unaltered, and his sermons in Weat Roxbury were charged with s more positive, broad, and earnest faith than ever. Of his cresd, it may be said. briefly, that he denied the ple- nary inspiration of the Scriptures, the divinityot cord, and Leominater, bat fioally decided to ac- cept & call to West Roxbury, and was installed in May and ordaived in June. His congregation consisted of from 70 to 150 persons, and his salary of $600. In the prospect of this perma- nent location, . HE HAD MARRIED, in the month of April preceding, Miss Lydia D. Cabot, only deughter of John Cabot, of Now- ton, with whom he had plighted troth five years previous, on his first removal to Watertown. The following resolutions, entered in his journal on his wedding-day, exhibit the conacientious feeling with which he sssumed the conjugal re- Iation : L. Never, except for the bast of causes, o oppose my wife's 2. To discharge all services, for her saka, frealy. 3. Never to scold. 4. Never to look cross at her, 5. Never to weary her with commands, 6. To promote her plety. 7. To bear her burdens, 8, To overlook her foibies, 9. To love, cherisl, and ever defend her, 10. To remember ber always most affectionstely in my prayers ; thus, God willing, we aball be blessed. An extract from a letter written some time Iater tells how tender was the bond uniting him to his wife: At home naminally; but, since wife has 3 homme i T New Jervek. 1 i ey sbrencemieid woman —most exceedingly. I cannot slcep, or eat, or ‘work, or live, without her. It s not 8o much the affec- tion she bestows on me, aa that she receives, by which 1am blessed. I want some one alwaya in the arma of my heart to caress and comfort ; unless I have this, 1 mourn and weep. His marrisge was childleas,—a disappointment that was extremely grievous; for wife and friends, loving and beloved as they were, conld not fill the great, hungry soul of the man. 1t was not long ere the PECULIARITIES OF HIS RELIGIOUB BELIZEY started out in his sermons. He had, just prior to his installation at West Roxbury, completed the tranalation of DeWette's ** Einleitung in die I{ueehs des Altes Testaments,” and was imme-~ diately thereupon abeorbed in a study of the lit- erataro of the Bible. Not only was his mind stired with speculation and inquiry, but the air was rife with it. Active intel- lects all about him were queationing old beliefs with s asring scrutiny. It was the truth they were after, and wos be to the doctrine which had it not infallibly. Theodore ‘was not the man to preach one thing when he doubted it or believed another. An honest in- dex of his soul must appear in every word he epoks, And g0, as he departed—in the course of his earnest, profound, and devout investiga- tlons—from Christ, the suthenticity of the miracles, &ad the dogma of eternal punishment; whils he taoght the existence of & God, the sanctity of moral law, and the immortality of the soul. *¢Chris. tianity is humanity [he declared]. Christ is tke #on of man, the mauliest of men; pious and hopeful as & prayer, but brave ss man's mosi daring thought. He has lod the world in morals and religion for. eighteen hundred years, ocly becanse Ho was the manliest man init, and therefore the divinest. He may lead it eighteen hundred years more. But churches do not lesd men therein; for they hsve mnot his spirit— neither that womanliness that wept over Jeruss- lem, nor that manliness that drew down frs from hesven to light the world's altars for well nigh two thousand years.” ‘The excitement against him was renswed with more viclence than before. Ths Bev. J. T. Se~ gent, of Buffolk-Btreet Cburch, exchanged po- pita with him, und, for 8o doing, was compald to resign his pastorate. The Rev. James Fres man Clarke, of the Church of the Disciples, also exchanged with Alr. Parker, sod & secession from bis society was the resnlt. The churchesof Bos- ton were now practically closed against him. At this junctore, & company of gentlemen mot, in Jannary, 1845, and, with the single resolation *That the Rev. Theodore Parker SHALL HAVE A CHANCE to bo heard in Boston,” hired Melodesa Hall; and, on a stormy day in February, his ministry in the city was begun. For a year he held morning service st the Malodeon, and still maintained his connection with the church at West Roxbury. The expari- ment of preaching in the city was 8o prosperous, that, in the beginning of 1848, he resigned hisald parish, and was installed as minister of the Bos- ton Bociety, at a salary which he never allowed to be raised above £2,000. In 1847, ho removed his family to a honse in Exeter place, where his widow atill resides ; and, in 1852, his church laft the Melodeon for Music Hall, the place with ' which his fame as a preacher is associated. His duties were now excessive, and so con- tinued until he was suddenly obliged to Isy them all aside, seven years later, at the call of desth. In addition tothe immense demands of bif parish,—not one of the lightest of which ke ever disregarded,—ho engaged extensivelyinibe profession of lecturing,—speaking 80 or 10 times, at vurions places in the country, esd season. A sack of books always accompeni him,—snd these notof light calibre,—snd bs read and wrofs without intermission ashe trst- elod. It was in these years that the contest against the Fagitive Slave law, and sgainst the extension of slave-terntoryin the Uniop, o curred. It is miatter of common history how en- ergetio & part Mr., Parker took in these exciting controversies. Ruforms of every sort found biz their atontest champion. Butocach took fro@ him some portion 6! his vigor, and the streagth of the giznt began to run low. HIS BIIALTH FAILED manifestly after 1865. He had bsen, long before, aware of its decline, but manfally strove i conceal or dodge the fact. Consumption, i herited from his mother, was tne radicsl msk ady, and overwork and exposure were powes(d subsidiary agencies. 1feroic remedies, fnaly resorted to, could not match thess united forces and it seemed, through, the summer of 1858, ths the end was near. .He ralliedin the fall re sumed his herculean labors, but sank prostza® beneath thom in midwinter. A journeyto‘hs West Indies, and thenca to Europe, wa JFo Jected at once ; and, accompanied by his wife, Dr. and Mra. G. S. Howe, and one or two other foithful friends, he sailed in February. 1t too late. ’ There were temporary deluaive revivals of bis strength and hops, but the critical sympioDs never improved. The summer-travel him; but the winter at Rome, exceptiomily rainy and damp, was cruelly injurions. Itwas by & desperate effort that tke now dying man waaable to leave Rome for Klorencs, i Aprils There, on the 10th of Ay, HEX FELL ASLEZY, gently a5 a tired cbild, and was lsid away in the little Protestant cemetery, just <utside the city, ‘Had Theodore Parker lived thirty years 1 he might bave preached his radical doctrines with impunity. Since Darwin amd Huxley hav: procisimed their hypotheses, Lmilt upon th rovelations of science, the world has cessei to quiver at the advent af new ani startling ideas. There iz still somp rempant lef of the spirit that sustained the inqwtisition in th Middle Ages; but it is steadily vaniuhing, Me are learning not to fear the presencewof dayligh among their cherished opinions, secuie that it wi not dissipate sught of the truth of. t3od. Thi are gradually learning, 0o, to let eadh onehal. 1 what faith he chooses,—judging it, «haritably by the fruit it bears. Theodors Parker did mul toward broadening this charity smungjmen ; it . mare thau he did to establish any part ks | ;, l, , the tanots ruling the Unitasian | or belist - 4