Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 21, 1874, Page 4

THE CHICAGO. DAILY TRIBUNE SATURDAY. FEBRUARY @1, 1874. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. TRRME OF EUBSCRIPTION (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE), RS 100 el S538 Parts of a yearat tho same rata. Toprevent delay 25d mistakes, bo surs and giro Post Ofice addresa in full, including State and County. Romittances may be made eftber by draft, express, Post Office order, or in registered lotters, at our risk. TERMS TO CITT SUBSCRIRERS. Dafly, delivered, Sunday excepted. 25 cents per wook. Dadls, aelivered, Sunday incladed, 30 cents per week. Address ‘THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearbora-sta.. Uhicago, Il TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. ACADEXMY OF MUSIC—Halstod stroet, batween Mad- 1800 and Mozroe, lingazemont of Oliver Doud Byron. **Bon McCullough.” Afternoon and evening. HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolph _strect, betweon e A L otie” Wesgorae “Blivor Twist." Afternoon and cvening. DM";ICK ngs s’[flnglEE—"ldl:‘:flfl:(r&‘fl;v c tato. Eggaceme fe Combiuation. Company. - (1o Lonk Strike ™ and A ancorous doy. " Afteraoon and ovening. batwoon rt ERS' OPERA-HOUSE-Monroo stroet, oetween Diktrers and Stats, ATlnAton, Govigos aad: Iombias Mingtrels. Burlesque of ** Mazeppa." Minstrelsy and ties. Afternoon and ovening. ADELPHI THEATRE—Corner of Wabash asonus nad Congross street. Varioty ontertainmant. Afternoon nad evening. THEATRE_Dosplatnee stroet, betwoen Mad- Lsh g I ashiagien, Eacapemans of Biwell & Reban: ough's Troupe. ** The Black Crook.™ aftornoon and vening. EXPOSITION _BUILDING—Lako Shore,, foot of Adims strect. Dubufo's Painting of the '*Prodigal Bon.""" Asternoon and cvoning. BUSINESS NOTICES. SORE THROAT, COUGH, COLD, AND SIMILAR troubles, if eufferod to progruss, reedlt in serfous pul- monary ‘affoctions, oftentimes incarable. ** Brown's Broachlal Troches™ reach dircctlythe seatof thodis- aase, and give almost instant relicf. Ube Chitags @ribune, Saturdsy Morning, February 21, 1874. By the will of the late Henry D. Gilpi, of Philadelphia, just passed upon by the Probate Courtin that city, the Chicsgo Historical So- tioty comes fnto possession of sbout $33,000. A Sub-Council of the Sovercigns of Industry was formed in this city last ovening ander the direction of Grand-Master Earle, who 18 organiz- ing such Associations throughout the country. Nearly fitty intelligent representatives of the working-classes subacribed to the principles of the Order. In an interesting commaunication printed in this paper, Mr. E. Colbert shows that we are not dependent upon the Foucault pendulum for proof of the rotation of the earth upou its axis. The action of the trade winds, of cyclones, and indeed of all t#e great atmospheric currents, af- ford demonstrations of the same truth. Some citizens of Pennsylvania have petitioned Congress pot to restore the duties on tea and soffec. Their aversion to these taxes is based on the fact that they are paid into the Public Treasury. The kind of taxes they like are those which increase the price of the goods they man- afacture, and are thus pcid into their private iTeasuries. One of the firat steps to reogen the case of Gen. Fitz-John Porter, and probsbly to give him » rehearing, is contemplated-by o motion intro- duced in the Senate yesterdsy by Mr. Chandler. [t releaces the members of the military court rhich tried him from the secrecy which they vere bound by oath to maintain with regard to e votes and opinions of their associates. In behslf of the clergymen of the Episcopal Sisarch snd other donomications, Bishop White- touse hus asked the Railroad and Warchouse Sommissioners whether it would be conatrued as sviolationof the Raitroad law for the railroads to fi tell haif-fare tickets as formerly to clergymen. The Bishop states that the necessity of paying ‘nll fare is & great hardship to ministera. The Senate spent some time yesterdsy in mn- loing its action of the day before in accepting Mr. Cooper's amendment to the Redistribu- ion bill. A motion to lay the bill on ke tsble was mnde, but withdrawn upon 3cnator Sherman's announcement that he would interpose every possible par- - lizmentary device for delayif it was prossed. Alr. Merrimon's amendment to increase the Na- tional Bank circulation to £100,000,000 was then wiopted by the vote of 28 to 25, an amendment for tho adoption of free banking being rejected. The women who were expelled from the Bos- . ton School Board have pleaded their case suc- sesefully before the Supreme Conrt of the State, tud can now go back to their intolerant associ- ates backed by its decision that the Constitu- tion of Massachusetts gives women an equal right with men to sit on the School Board, Another &cene in the contést for women’s rights was enacted yes- terdsy at Worcester, where the estates of the women who refused to pay taxes, because they were denied the vote, were put up for sale. But 2ne of them was purchased, and that by a friend. Land taxed without roprezentation is as unsala~ ble as tea was in the same State about 1775. An examination of the private bank-account " of ex-Collector Harper's Chief Clerk reveals somo fasts which would be startling if they were oot g0 common in the accounts of Internal Rev- enue officers. Mr. Smith swore last fall that his only income was the £3,500 annual salary which 1o received aa Mr. Harper's clerk, and $1,000 Irom other sources. His back-book shows that 1 the eighteen montns-between April, 1872, and ctober, 1878, he received in cash and by drafts n the Pekin distillers the snugsum of £51,556.23. The inconsistency between his account and his sath is plain enough, and will sharpen the in- juiry how an honest man could save so much 30t of 50 emall & salary. " The Chicago produce markets wers generally wtive yesterday, with a little more strength in preadstuffs and weakness in provisions, Mess pork was active, and 15¢ per brl lower, closing at P13.95@14.00 cash, and £14.25@14.30 seller April. Lard was active snd 10@12%c per 100 s lower, closing at $8.72)4@8.75 cash, and £8.92)£@8.95 eeller April. Meats were dull and v shade easier at 51¢@5Xc for shoulders, 73¢c for ehort ribs, T3@75¢c for short clear, and 93§ P103{c for sweet-pickled homs. Dressed hogs vere quiet and unchanged st $6.10@6.15 per 100 bs. Highwines were quiet and steady at 5o ser gallon, Flour was dull and unchanged. heat wea active and lc higher, closing at $1.19%4 cash, and €1.20% seller March. Corn #as in fair demand at X{c advance, cloging at 5734c cash, and 58c seller March. Oats were dull and unchanged at 42@42)(c cash, and 43@ 433/c seller April. Rye was quiet sud 3gc high- ez, at 843¢@S5¢ for fresh receipts. Barley was dull end easier at £1.70for No. 2, and $1.56@1.58 forNo, 9. Live hogs were in fair demand at steady prices, selling at $5.00@5.80 for common to choice. The cattle market was moderately activa at unchenged prices. Sheep sold to a Lib- eral extent at $3.80@6.00. Solittle s thing as the mistake of a copying clerk in adding thoe letter “‘s™ to the word “froit " in the Tarifl, and placiag & comms after it, haa cost the United Btstes $500,000 revenyo & year, and may lead, Senator Thurman eays, to still greater loss. When the Treasury is facing a deficit, and the Appropristion Committees sre cutting down evary poseible expenditure, §500,~ 000 & yearis too much to loge, but the Senate did nothing to correct the mistake, ns Senator Thurman advised it to do. Such mistakes ought not to occur, and might be prevented by the adoption of Senator Anthony's suggestion, that bills ahould pass between the Houses in print. — Senator Logan yesterday withdrew the stric- tures he made on the signers of the petition to Congress from this city against the inflation of the currency. He said that an examination of the names had shown Lim that the sign ers were ‘‘rospectsble business men." If be has any doubt that the respectable business men of Chicago are opposed to his views on in- flating thee currency, it ought to bo dispelled by the action of the Merchants’ Exchange, referred to below, and by the unanimity with which the Board of Trade are signing tho petition now be- fore them on the same subject, The memorial deprecates the issue of any more paper money, and asks for the withdrawal of the legal-tender reserves that havo been reissued. Sergeant Hood, who issued the warrant on which Officer Scanlon undertook to arrest Raf- ferty, was arraigoned for trial yesterday before the Police Commissiouers for his part in the affair. The charges against him recite the well- known facts about the warrant; that it was s blank warrant filled out without authority, and stating fulsely that Rafferty bad been chargod upon oath befors Justice Banyon with an of- fense against the laws of the State, and continue that he ordered Scanlan to wake the arrest with it, illegal and improperas he know it to be. President Sheridan urged that the trial begin at once, in order that the evidence that Rafferty was thus illegally arrcsted might be produced before he was hanged, but the Commissioners decided to postpone the trial for & weok. There was & meeting of tho Merchants' Ex- chango yesterdey, an account of which is given in snother part of this paper, to consider the proposed iuflation of the currency. The senti- ment of the meeting was decidedly adverse to an incresse, and the resolutions set forth fonr very plain propositions, to wit: (1) That the Tliinois Senators labor under & misapprehension of tho wants of tho commercial classes of Chi~ cago and the West; (2) that only a great emergency can justify the issue of irredeemable paper a8 mopey, and that no such emergency exists at the present time; (3) that there is no distinction between the pledges of the Gos- ernment and those of an individual, 2nd that the redemption of the former has already been de- layed toolong ; and (4) that an increass of curren- cyat the present time would onlydepreciate that already issued, snd derange values generally, Thess positions are simply incontrovertible. ‘Whether or not they are within the comprelien- sion of the Iilinois Senators to whom they are commended, remains to be seen. THE NEW BRITISH CABINET. ) Earl Dorby, to whom some of the Tory Lords unwilling to follow the untitied, if brilliants Bohemian Disrasli, wished the Queen to give tho Premiership, has been invited by the new Premier to take charge of the Department of Foreign Affairs. He held the same post under his father from 1866 till Mr. Gladatone came into power in 1868, aod made himself very popular by his skillfal pegotiations for the settlement of the Luxembourg difficulty. Baron Cairns is Lord High-Chancellor once more, 28 ho was during Disraeli's short Admin- istration in 1868. His first great public work was done in the office of Solicitor-General under Lord Derby in 1858, when he showed ex~ traordinary sbility and delivered speeches that wero masterpicces of eloquonce. He is the only member of the new Cabinet that was not as- sociated with Lord Derby in tho Government in 1866. The Duke of Richmond, who has been for the last twa years the acknowledged leader of the Conservative party in tho Houso of Peers, is to be Lord President of the Council. Under Lord Derby's second Administea- tion, he was President of the Poor Law Board, and nuder the third was Presi- dent of the Board of Trade. As announced the ather day by tho London ZTimes, the chargo of Indian Affairs is given to the Marquis of Salis- bury. The Marquis held this offico under Lord Derby in 1866. He is an ardent defender of the Established Church and its institations, and is one of themost active members of the Church party, to whoso relentless opposition Mr. Glad- stone’s defeat is now kmown to be largely due. The Earl of Carnarvon, who 18 Secretary for the Colonial Department, was also a member of Lord Derby’s Cabinet as the Under-Secretary of Colonial Affairs. George Ward Huat, First Lord of the Admiralty, has been one of tho most active business members of the House of Commons ever gince 1857, and was Financial Becretary of the Treasury, and, lster, Chan- cellor of the Exchequer under Lord Derby. Gathorne Hardy, another of Lord Derby's Cab- inet, in which ho was Secretary of State for the ‘Home Department, is called by Disraeli to be Secretary of State for War. Ho was Mr. Gladstono's successful opponent in the Parlia- mentary election for the University of Oxford in 1865. Sir Stafford Henry Northcote, well-known for his interest inart and education and for his financial knowledge and experiencs,is Chauncellor of the Exchequer. He was Mr. Gladstone's Pri- vate Secretary when the latter was President of the Board of Trade, and wss Financial Secretary of the Treasury from January to June, 1859. Lord Derby made him President of the Board of Trade in 1866, and in 1867 he was appointed Becretary for India. His finan- cial seudies are published under the titlo of “Twenty Years of Financial Policy, 1842-61." He will be remembered in America 23 one of the mempers of the Joint High Commission whose lsbors resulted in the Treaty of ‘Washington. Lord John Mauners, the Postmas- ter-General, is 3 model Tory. Ho opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846, and is a staunch defender of the rights of the Church, snd for msny years has been the champion of the Tithe Redemption Trust. He held position under esch of Lord Derby’s three Administrations, from 1852 to 1867. The Privy Seal is put in charge of Earl Malmesbury, who has been & momber of the Conservative party since 1841, He beld the ssme trust under Lard Derby's third Administration and, during the two that preceded it, had charge of Forcign Affairs. The firat recogmition of the French Empire of Louis Napoleon came from him, and he did much o proserve the good undorstandiug which' existed from that time between Napoleon IIL. and the Court of St. Jsmes. This Cabinet is remark&ble as being, with a redistribution of portfolios, the same that was associated with Lord Derby in the administration of the Govern- mentof 1866, and the same that Disraeli received from his predecossor} when he becamo Premiar on the resignation of Lord Derby oo account of ill-health. It was Disrseli’s Cabinet during his brief Administration, and was Lord Darby's be- fore him, and is as representativo and strong a Conservative Cabinet a8 could have been formed. MORTON AS A PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE, When Marius conceived that he ought to be Consul oll the time because ho bad captured Jugurtba and overthrown the Cimbri and Teu- tones, there was need of a more polished and discerning ruffiau like Syl to toach him a lesson in the radiments of the Roman Constitution, and show him his place. The question, who shsll perform a similar offico for Gen. Grant, is now under discussion in the councils of the Re- publican party, wherever two or threo are gath- ered togothor. That the present incumbent of the Executive chair is opposed to a change, and in favorof Civil-Sarvice Roform ss applied to the Presidential oftice, is no socrat to tho hiead men at Washington, and is a matter of livoly concern to them. The recent change of Col- lectors at Boston is believed to have some boaring on the next nominating Convontion, for it is hardly possible that the President would outrago the better class of Aassachu- setta Republicans merely for the advantage and accommodation of Bonjamin Butler. Nor can it bo alleged that the appointment of Sim- mons was mado in fgnorance of their wishes and feelings, since tho last Republican State Con- vention passed a resolution intended to rebuie Simmons and sll intermeddling officeholdera of his kidney. 'The rebuke might have beon more pointed than it was. The result shows that when a couvention wanta to ssy & thing, itis better to say it in English rather than in French. The language of diplomacy is not suited to the understanding of the present Administration. Nevertheless, Gen. Grant is not too dull to under- stand aoything that he wants to hear. Ho must have known that the appointment of Simmons would be inlensely distasteful to all those who combined to overthrow Butler last year, and it is not easy to supposo that he Las taken so gravo a step out of sheer admiration and affection for the hero of Bermuda Hundred. If Simmons is likely to be useful to Butler in packing tho noxt Convention, he is likely to bo more useful to Grant in packing the next but one. Moreover, if Butler and Simmons, with- out the Governorship, can carry the next Con- vention, then surely they ean carry the succeed- ing one, with the prestige and influcnce of the Gubernatorial office added. Tp to the present time, three candidates have shown themselves to dispute the succession with ouar Presidential Marius. These are Senator Morton, Senator Conkling, and Speaker Blaine —~to whom some Euthanasians add Senator Logan. Mr. Morton undoubtedly represents the present animus and purposes of the Repub- lican party better than any other man in it, and even in point of physical health he is a not inapt representative, since the party is as mueh in nced of crutches as himself. With the elo- quenco of Daoton, the unscrupulousness of Marat, and the inexorableness of Robespierre, ho stands st the end of s great revolation, the embodiment not of its best; porhaps not of its worst, but certainly . of. its lagt fea- tores. “How to k3ep this-thing going " is the daily =and nightly study of Morton—and of the party. Shall it be done by anoexing San Domingo? No, says Morton— no, says the party. Sball it be dome by confiscatiog Louisiana? Yes, szys Morton~— ves, says the party. Shall it be done by issuing more carrencs ? Yes, ssys Morton—the party has not yet answered. Shall wo have & war with Spain, or 5 war with the Sioux 7 Shall we regu- Inte railroads by Commissioners, or by canal- boats? Shali we develop our industry by tar- iffs, or by shinplaatera? All these and count- less other questions Mr. Morton answers by studying how they will make or mar the party— how they will serve to keep this thing going, or bring it to & standstill. We presume we are not doing Mr. Morton any injustico in saying that the right or wrong of & particular measure is with him & secondary consideration—its effect upon the party, or upon himsclf as o member of the party, being the first consideration. But baving made up his mind that the cffect upon the party will be good, he can affirm with tho confidence of sbsolute conviction that it is good per se—as for instance that the Civil Service in this country is the best the world ever eaw; that the political atmos- phere is just now the purest that the world ever smelled ; and that grecnbacks are better cur- rency then gold, silver, tobacco, or coon-skins. These and like eayings of orton, nttered with tho soberncss of an augur and the force of a Cyelops, constitate the texts of tho Republican press, and prove him to be the leader of the party so far as it is led by ideas rather than by postmasters. What gort of a President Mr. Morton wounld e, filled with the conception that this is a re- markably virtuous and pure era in public affairs, may beleft to the imagination of the avernge taxpayer. But that heis the fittest represent- ative of his party, and therefore the one best entitled to its nomination, despite his,palsied extremities, i8 beyond dispute. Carried wround on a litter, there is etill moro virility aod firm sobstance in him than in & score of Conklings. Evidence of this was ehown in the late squabble over the Lonisi- anacase. A job was skillfully put up to induce the Preeident to throw the Kellogg Government to the dogs. This would have left Mr. Morton naked to his enemies, for he had staked his po- litica! fortune on the Durell interference. A few hours before the message was to have been gentin recommending & new election in Louisi- ana, Mr. Morton heard that the enemy had sown tares. He went to the Execntive Mansion. What transpired there will probably mot be kuown even to the fature historian, but the mes- sago wasnot sentin. Louisians remains nnder the hecl of usurpers and villains, but Butler and Carpenter got a back-pull when they least ex- pocted it, and probably the most disappointed man in Weshington was Roscoo Conkling. It is not probable that Grant can command a third nomination. The leaders of the party, even those Who are not caudidatos themselves, remember that they had a heavy load to carry in 1872, and they feel that it has, become no lighter since. According to present appear- ances, Morton is the one most likely to receive the nomination in 1876. The elections of the e coming autumn, however, may have a prodigioua influence on tho result, for if they go like those of last October and November, it will not be worth his whils to run, GREENBACKS SEALED WITH BLOOD. ‘The sovereign Staté of Iliinois isrepresented in Congress by tho two extremes of financial wisdom and finsncial ignorance. Tt has John A. Logan, who admits that he knows it all, and it has Rich- ard J. Oglosby, who claims that he knows noth- ing about it. While John has been blowing his bubble of inflation, calling peoplo all sorts of names who couldn’t admira its pretty colors, and executing a war-danca daily on the floor of the Sencte to edify the other Senators and ter- rify the bankers and merchanta of this city, Richard has been sitting lixe a good littlo boy at the foot of the class, trying to cipher out the sum in currency which has beengiven him for a lesson. He bas figmed away patiently, duy after dey,, and has listencd to the other boys as they recited tleir lossons and oxplained their methods of solving the problem, and, although the various solutions have distract- ed and puzzled him, ho has conrageously strug- glod on. Yesterday, victory perchod upon his banner. Ho figured out the sum and found tho answer, and a8 Mr. Conlling had just boen tell- iug the Senato that they wers making fools of themselves, Richard got up to prove the im- poachment, aud commenced a war-danco even more boisterous and violent than John'a. Richard's solution of the problem is a green- ‘back gealed with blood. In sunouncing this so- lution to the Senate, Richard was bound tomake as much of s commotion 28 John, snd so ko brought out ** that specch” with which ho nsed to fire the hearts of his countrymen yeats ago. It is avenerablo haraogne which hasdone service upon many strange occasions. It has been heard on the stump aud in lezislative chambers many atime. It has incarnadined political conven- tions, Itelected him Governor, and, having clected him Governor, it elacted him Benator. It bas been his political stock in trade which he has used to good offect in every city, town, and village of Mllinois. It isnot only a sanguin- spoech, but an olastic onme, and therefore suited to the currency ques- tion. It has done duty in law casos, in agricultural conventions, at political bar- bacuos, in industrial expositions, at public din- ners, and at last hohas plunged into the muddled current of finance, and eme-ges waving a green- back sealed with blood in hisred right hand. When, therefore, Richard arose in his seat, and, taloosening his necktie and rolling up his sleeves, began * that speech,” it is no wonder that Sepators Jooked at each otherin conster- nation, and wondered what the operations of our boys in blue had to do with the financial ques- tion. As he progressed with his speech, waving the American fiag and sbouting the battle-cry of freedom, snmmoning the sheeted dead from their graves, defying the Copperheads, enlogizing the loyal hosts, and depicting the horrors of Ander- sonvills, it is no wonder that the Sonate broke bim short off in the middle of “that speech,” snd adjourned to save themsclves from the balance. ‘What is he going to do with it? Is his red shinplaster any better than a green one? Would Lis five-dollar note buy any more if Mr. Spin- ner’s unique signature were in red rather than black? Would Richard pay his debts any more readily with Gen. Jacksou's perpendicular hair shooting up redly from his beotling brow? Another question suggests itself right here. If Jobn should succeed in issuing his mew millions of greenbacks, what will Richard do? ‘He hasn't blood enough to seal them all. Must we then have another war, 8o that the new is- 10 may be reddencd snfficiently to make them worth a hundred cents; or has Richard some other plan for carrying out Lady HMac- bath’s idea of making ‘‘the green one red"? Notwithstanding Richard’s handsome assurance that the present Senate will compsre in intelli- gence and experience with the most favorable era in American history, we fesr that most of the eras have the sdvantage of Richard in these respects, and that he will have to go to the foot of the class sizain and resume his slate-and-pen- cil-work. If he will start now upon the basis that a green five-dollar billis just as good sa & red one, he may find a new solution of the prob- lem. If he does, his present experience will probably insure the Senate agamnst a repetition of “that speoch,” and against the remarkable comparison of themselves with an era. MR. SCOTT'S HUMBLE PETITION. Mr. Thomas A. Scoit, the great railroad nc- cumulator, the President of scores of roads, and proprietor of a dozen or more improvement and construction companies, met with a elight mis- bap last fall. Mr. Scots was at that time engaged in building the Texss & Pacific Rulway. As President of the Texas & Pacific Railway Company, Mr. Scott had contracted with him- self, as manager of tho California & Texas Railway Construction Company, to ‘build the Texas & Pacific Railway.® Mr. Scott is also President of the Atlantic & Pacific Rail- rosd Company. The lengthof these two rail- ways is : Texas & Pacific Rauroad, 1,975 miles, Atlantic & Pacific, 3,713 miles. To tho first, Congress has granted 17,000,000 acres of public land, andto the second, 49,558,000 acres, ors total of 66,500,000 acres of public land. The Texas & Pacific Railroad Company offered for sale $80,000,000 first-mortgage bonds, and $20,000,000 land boeds. How far these bonds have been sold we do not know, but sappose that, after tho modern fashion, they were elivered over to the Construction Com- pany. Thocapital stock of the Texas & Pacific Railway Company was $2,000,000, of which 10 per cent waa subscribed for, or $200,000 in all. Thatis all the ‘ private capital™ subscribed ; bow much, if any, of it was paid, we do mnot koow. So long as Mr. Scott’s Construchion Company could sell first-mortgage bonds, or hypothecato them, or got rid of them, every- thing worked admirably, ana the notes of the Construction Company were scattered all over the country. The collapse of the Northern Pacific Railvay Company, in Septembor, tas fol- lowed by the coliapse of Mr, Scott’s Railway and Construction Companics, and a suspension of the sale of bonds. Under these circumstances be has prepared & memorial to Congress to the following effect. That the money expended in the construction of the Texas & Pacific Railroad is private capi~ tal solely; that the abandonment of the pro- posed line of that railway, and also of the line of the Atlantic & Pacific Railroad, and the adop~ tion of & new line, would save 1,500 mules of road, and enablo the Companies to restora 80,~ 000,000 acres, or one-half the land, to the Gov- ernment. He aska that the A. & P. be allowed to deflect its line southwestwardly, end the T. & P. B. B. to deflect its line northwestwardly, so a8 to effect a junction of the two roads at some point westwand of the 1524 meridian, and thence be one road to California. As the land west of the 1524 meridian is utterly worthless, its return to the United States is an act of liberal- ity that desorves some public acknowlodg- ment. Mr. Scott snggests to Congresa tho form jo which he would have this acknowledgment made, aud it is, sub- stantially, thet the Atlantic & Pacific Railway “ompany and the Texas & Pacific Railroad Com- pany may issue their bonds for the edtire length of their respective roads, including those por- tions already constructed, at the rate of £30,000 per mile on road constructed in the plain or opea country, and at the rate of 345,000 per mile for rolling or mountainous country; and that tho United States sholl guarantee the intereat on such bonds for thirty years at the rate of 5 per cent per annum in gold. Tho Companiaa are also to issue liko bonds, at the rate of 35,000 per wile, for additional improvements and rolling stock. Now, let us summarize this scheme. Tho whole length of the consolidated road will e 3,200 miles, of which Lalf wiil be on plain and the other half on rugged country : 1,600 miles at $20,000 per mile 1,600 miles at $35,000 per mile. 72,000,000 9,200 miles at 45,000 per mile, . 16,000,0.0 Total bouds. .. ererennnsaenesnas.. $136,000,000 The interest on {his sum at 5 per cent will be #6,800,000 = year, or, for the thirty years, $204,~ 000,000. This amount of interest alone exceeds both the principal and interest of tho subsidy voted to the Union and Central Pacific Railroad Companica. How much of that subsidy was stolen, let the following statement of the actual cost of the Union Pacific Road, and what it cost the country, farnish the ovidence : WIAT IT COST THR NATION. Hoxdo contract.. -$48,000,000 $12,074,416,24 1,104,000,00 57,140,102.54 - 23,341,76810 $04,650,287.23 1en, $ 7,806,183.33 009,620, Hoxie coutraet Boomer contra Ames contract Davis contract. Totakiccesasesens Profit... . $43,929,3831 This modest request of Mr. Scott, that tho Government assume payment of $204,000,000 of interest on bonds hield by cther peoplo, the prin- cipal of whichis secured by a first mortgage far oxceeding any prospectivo value of the property, iy impudent enough taken as a simple propo- sition. But it is a mere companion scheme to & like subsidy in tho shape of a national guarantes of thre bouds of the Northern Pacific Railroad to a liko amount. It the Government will only guarantee the payment of interest in gold on $186,000,000 of M. Scott's bonds, he will be able to take up the paper of his Conatraction Company snd * make money plenty” among the class of men with whom he operates. We venture to say his bill will not pass. -.$50,720,958,94 THE SHOEMAKERS® STRIKE. There is & partial strike and s partial Jock-out in the boot and shoe factories of this city. Two of the mne leading factories in town are already idle, aud the closing of the rest only waits upon the finishing of jobs now onhand. The great trades-union to which the strikers belong will probably be able to support them, so that they will not swell the ranks of the dependonts on public charity, but the trouble, unless speedily ended, may seriously interfere with the spring trade. The nine leading boot and shoe firms in thia city formed themsclves, some time ago, intos protective associstion. This Association ut down wages from $5 to 84 per case. To this poduction ‘the men consented, on account of its justice, the masters say, but more probably because they fonnd themselves unable to fight tho whole Association. The changs msy have been just enoagh, but it is not likely that this was the reason of acquiesence. There is now the sawo trouble in the other factories. Two woeks ago the men in one factory struck for $5, and on Monday of this week their fellows in another establishment followed snit. The employers have now offered to pay all the mon $4.50 per case, provided they will agree to render no help whatever to men who may hereafter strike. In other words, the masters wish to dictate to tho men what tie latter shall do with thoir own money. As well might o merchant forbid his Methodist clerka to use any part of their sala- ries to promote the growth of Wesleyenism. Trades-unionism for these men is & re- ligion. If they choose to use thd money that homest lobor has gaifed for ihem in promoting it, they have 'sn undoubted right to do so. The employers plead that the men have hitherto been successfnl in their strikes, because tho employes of one factory would atrike and would bo supported by the rest until their point was gained, when the rest woutd at once demand and get the same pay, and that they wish to put a stop to this syetem. Such sharp practice may be anroying, but it is noth~ ing more than o legitimate exertion of the right of association. Tho masters have their trades- union, why should no: the men have theirs ? The employes claim that their contributions have been voluntary and independent of tho order. The employers’ demand was doubtless made in haste. Would they not consider it an absurdity if men who bought boots of them should try to bind them not to use the prico paid in certain specified ways? And yet how 1s this more ab- surd than for men who buy labor of other men to try to bind the latter thus? The condition upon which the increased pay is offersd is ono which it is impogsible for the men 1o ac- .cept. If it is persisted in and the factory-trade comes to a dead-lock, the sympathy of the pub- lic will be with the strikers. If any of these firms wish to effectually guard themaclves, at once and forever, from trouble with their men, suppose they try a simple plan by which they cannot Jose, and may gain. Let thom calulate their average profits during the last few years, and tell their emploses that thoy will givo them, for the next twelvemonth, half of all profits over a rate somowhat higher than this average. Thus, if they have annually cleared 8 per cent, let them promiee half of everything sbove 10 per cent. Distib- ute this **bonus on labor” in proportion to the ‘wages earned by each man during the year. In this way they would hire eFery employe's full skill, good-will, and braing. They would e:cuplu waste, inefficiency, much of the expense of superintendence, and strikes. Every cont saved the firm would bo so much towards making the profits rise over 10 per cent. It would be to overy man's interest to work well himself and to Lave other men do likewise. Any mooted ques- tions about wages, hours, ete., could b essily settled by arbitration. To cap the climax, the bonus to Iabor, to repay it for its extra exertions, would be but a small part of the money gained by the firm through those exertions. Before the men got anything, the firm would reccive (tsking tho gures we have nsed in illustration) its usual profit and 25 per cent more ; and then 1t would get half of the residue. T.Iul plan has been tried nnd found-not tobo wanting. We commend it to the attention of both parties to tho trouble that has served as our text. BATLROAD COMMISSIONERS IN WISCONSIN. Wisconsin ia likely to have s Board of Rail- road Commissioners. A bill has boen reported by & joint Committee of. both Houses of the Legislaturo for its creation. Though the pro- posed system of executive supervision n Wig- consin is modeled after the Illinois law, there are materinl differences, both in the way of additions and omissions, which have evidently been euggested by the experi- ence under the Ilivows Iaw. The Board is to consist of thres Commicsioners, to be ap- pointed by the Governor, and to serve three yeurs, one Commussioner retiring at the end of every year; and they sre to have tho gencral supervision not only of the railroads, but also of the telegraph and express companies in the State. It ia provided that the officers of every railroad, telograph, und express company shall make snnual statement, under oath, of the busi- ness of the year, tho condition of the company, the names and residence of the stockholders, etc. ¥orms for these reports are embodied in the law which requiro tho most comprehen- sive and minute exhibit of the railroad, tele- graph, and express business of tho State. In addition to these, the Commissioners aro em- powered to make special examinations at any time, igsue subpxnas for witnesses, and compel attendance. i The proposed law prohibits maressomable charges and unjust discriminstion in mach the same terms oa the Illinois law, but it doos mot provide for any ofilcia schedule of rates which shall be prima facie evidence of the justice and reason- ableness of tho charges. Either party to s suit for extortionato charges’ or unjust discrimina- tion has the right to s trial by jury. Upon con- viction, the offending railrosd, telegraph, or express company is subjected to a fine of not less thun $500, nor moro than £2,000, for each offense, besides a liability for damages in five times the amount of tho actual damsges sus- tained by the injured party. It is made nn- lawtal, howover, for any radrosd, telegraph, or express company to charge ‘‘auy greater amount than the customary, established rates received by them respectively for and during the first weex of June, A. D. 1872, which is & more arbitrary rule than that of the Illinois law empowering the Commissioners to establish tariffe 88 prima facie evidence of reasonable charges. It is proposed to give the Wisconsin Board brozd latitude in the sdjustment of cases brought before them, which is evidently to guard against noedless litigation. In addition to the crestion of the Board of Commissioners and tho fising of their duties, the Wisconsin bill makes it onlawfal for any Director or oflicer of a railroad corporation to be interested, except 88 8 stockholder, in & con~ tract, lease, or other agroement entered into by the company, and all contracts made in viola~ tion of this section are declared void. Any will- ful neglect or refusal on the part of & Director or officer of & railroad company to comply with the provisions of the Iaw is declared a felony, punishable with from one to five years' im- Pprisonment in the Stato Prison. Under the law, itis the duty of the Commissioners to bring suit against, and of the Districi Attornays to prosecate, all railroad, express, and telegraph companies, or the officera thereof, that violate any of its provisions. THE ECIENCE OF TAXATION. Taxation msy be direct or indirect,—levied on what 2 man owns or on whathe consames. With the exception of the fow license-fees recerved by municipalities, our State, county, and munic- ipal taxes are all collected on tho former sys- tem. e make & man pay on what he owns, It is necessary for ns, therefore, to find ont what hoowns, Hencoour long armyof tax-eating tax-gatherers. In support of this system it is argued, first, that property ought to pay for protection, and, second, that when people have to pay their taxes in the Jump, they appreciate their amount, 8o that it is impossible for the raling power to ecllect a great sum and waste it. Experience has shown, however, that the ruling power is wure to be extravagant, no matter how the funds are reised. As long as men can bo generons with other people’s money, their charity is like tho gontle rain that drop- poth down from heaven upon the just and the unjust. The argument applied in the times when irresponsible Kings gave no account of the money collected, but the present eystom of publishing nccounts farnishes the best of checks on waste, and loses nond of its efficacy when the money liable to waste is col- lected by indircct taxation. As for the first argument, it is no doubt true that property should pay for the protection it gets, but it is by 10 means sure that it wonld not do this as fally under indirect as direct taxation. A man gen- erally lives in proportion to his wealth, so that a" tax on coneumption might b in reality a very Iair tax on property. There are g0 many ways of evading assessments, 86 msany ways of getting too low valuations, 80 many notorions ¢ tax-fighters,” that it seems guite probable that the new system wonld be no more anfair, to eay the least, than the present onme je. How the present one works in Now York Stato may be 8een from this extract from Comptroller Hop- king’ report to the Legislature: . 1n bis Iast annual report, the Comptroller called tho attention of the Legislature to the defects in the pres- ent lawe for the assessment and collection of tazes, to the inequitable and unjust manner in wlich they were imposed upon tha citizens liable to taxation, to the open and unblushing viclation of the laws by the ofi- cers on whom the duty of sssessing and levying taxes 18 imposed, and the pernicious and demoralizing ef- fects of the conceded ,officfal perfury which they an- nually committed, . That tho lnws for the as- sessment snd collection of taxes as they exist on the Etatute-book are disobesed, and their provisions and directfons violated Ly the officers whose duty it is to enforce them, fa o motorious to bo denied; that if properly administered they would fail to reach the property of thoee who think 1t neither wrong nor dis- Bonest to avoid bearing their proportion of tho burden of taxatfon, {s palpble to the dullest intellect; that much of the property of the State escapes taxation, and that taxation is imposed inequitably and unjnstly, must be conceded by every one who will take the trouble of examining the subject. The wrongs, in- Justice, and inequalities "of the present system have {for yeara stared the Legislature full in the face, He adds that not more than one-third of tho taxsble proporty really pays anything : The two-thirds escapo taxation, and of theso two- thirds the great bulk i3 owned and controlled by rich men and wealthy caplalists, leaving the burden of tazation {0 be borne by those in moderate circum- stances, and who are the least able o bear it. Indirect taxation has these advantages: It would reduce the amount of taxation. It would mako its payment easier. It would save the ne- cessity for official interference with private busi- ness. It would be absolutely fair, 80 far as it went, without chance of failure. It would do away with a horde of useless officials. The amount of taxation would be reduced by nearly ho present cost of colleotion, which la about 30} ~ per cent. When the State wishes £20,000,000, § has to lovy a tax that will raise $25,000,000 from the people, for £5,000,000 is consumed in gress, ing the machinery of collection. . The Paymen( of tazes would bo easier, because thoy would be paid littlo by little. Tho wholesale groce; would add his license-fes to the Pprice of his wares; the retailers would add te tho prico of their wares thoir licongs, fecs, and tho consumers would 80 altimately pay for botn iicenses, and pay for them in exact pro. portion to the amount each consumed, When. over a man bought anything, he would pay L tritle of histax. No easier method of Payment could be devized. It would be impossibla for the slewdest tax-fighter to escape paging hig fair dnes. He may defy the Stato, but he cap. not defy Nature. Whon tsxation is indirect, Naturo assesses each individual's dnea. By do. ing away wit tho officials whose daty it ow ig to pry into private affairs, one of the moat fruit. sealed. The fat places now portioned out among the friends of a Congressman or an Al derman conld bo used as bribes no more. Hers is certainly a solid array of advantages. The Ppropriety of a change in our system is worthy of public attention, —— eer ana Politics, | The intimate connection of beer and polities is a feature of comparatively modern date. ES century ago, the coffec-house was a politics] contre. Through the reigns of the first thres Georges, the London coffec-houses woro the rendezvons of little clubs, which wera wont to gally forth, bludgeon in hand, when the Arshisn berry had zired thoir blood, and busy themselyea in smashing the hesds of the Irequenters of other coffes-houses of different political taith and the bouses themsalves. The advertisemonts of uew places of resort ran thus: “ The King's friends wili find tho Trug Blue Coffes- Houso s place wharo loyalty rules trinmphant," or “Whigs are invited to the Swan, or *Lovers of Reform are notified that they can find good coffeo at tho Bear and Stafl.” By little and little the beer-saloon hag usurped their place. Porsons who are appalled by the infiuenco bops and malt exert on onr politics zow con find food for thought in the fact that we dragged beer into the political arena, despita its brewers’ and drinkers’ earnest protest. Oaca inside, it has pushed ahead like the camel of the fable. In England it overthrows, or povwerfully Lelps to overtlirow, Ministries, and in Americs, municipal and Stato oficers. First the ministers and next the lawyers wero tho prime political powers of this country. Henceforth, beer can- not bo ignored; much less can it bo prohibited by law or poured into the strects by women who Lave wrought themselves into religious frenzy, Some may doplore the fact, but all must recog. nizeit. Woare not as badly off as they are in Aas- tris-Buugary, where the inhabitants spend cight times 25 much for drink ss thoy do for iron. Aa the Massachusetts Board of Health has gaid, the use of beer is one of tho grentest aids to temperance. If the well-mesn- ing persons who now epeak of compromise with friends of the beverago s *shaking hands with Satsn ™ would but look calmly at this imaginary devil, they would find him not half as black as he is painied. Such movements as the womena crusade in Ohio and the attempts at a sweeping prohibition of all alcoholic drinks, only serve ta make tho beer-interest fermeat and finally burst into violent sction. They should be frowned down. There ig no real antagonism between ths State and the beer-ealcon. In Germany, thers is none botween the Church and the beer-saloon, If there is between Church and beer in Americs, that does not concern the State. Beer only wants to be let alone. The modest request should be cheerfully granted. If not, it may soon be a command, and will be perforce obeyed, —_—— The progress of the colored race in South Carolina is quito satisfactory, especially in the Houso of Representatives. The following ex« tract from a recent debate on the penitentisry appropriation shows that our colored brethren are rapidly getting at tho white way of doing things : Minort (colored)—* Tho proposed sppropriation i not a whit two large.” Humbert (colored}—* The institution onght to bt self-sustaining, The member only tcants a grob at the noney.” unfiey (coming to Minort's relief)—* Ar, Speaker, 1 rise—" Humbert (to Hurles)—* ¥ou shet your mouf, sabf® [Roars of laughter.] Grceno (coloredj—“That thief from Darlinglon® A dulicate allusion to Humbert. Humbert—*1If I have robbed anything, T expect {a be Ku-Eluzed by just such highiay robbersasths member (Greene) from Beaufort. If I get in the Peae itentiary, I won't nak for $65,000 {0 support me.” Greesie (to Hurley)—* Yoa know aa much about it &8 you do about the Governor's contingent fund.” Hurloy—At least 5o one has Loen ablo or everahy tempted to refute my charges against the Governar, and His Excellency would not dare depy them.” Greeno (colored)—*Nol Butif tie Governor wers not such o coward he would have cowhided you befors this, or got somebody else to do it.” Uurley—*If the gentleman from Besufort (Greens) would ailow the weapon mamed to de shiced from ki cuticle, I might submit to the castigation.” The above extract is suficient to show that the negroes have attained perfection in parliamen- tary practice, and are now at liberty to devols themselves to other departments of freedom and equality. P Vot~ NN The reported flight of Mr. Rush . Slosne, President of the Cincinnati, Sandusky & Cleve- land Railroad, from his home, is creating conside erable excitement in Ohio. His failure to sp- pear before the Mayor of Sandusky on Tuesdsy morning confirms the suspicion that he has feft home permanently. A crimiual action againsé Lim is based upon 0o less than fifteon afidavits, which charge him with embezzling the fands of the Company,—money to the amount of $12,- 889,62, promissory notes $22,529.26, snd bonds worth €4,800, making » total of $40,218.83. Mr. Sloane has been twice a widower, but it isundes stood that his sudden exodus from Sandusky will serve the purpose of s third honey- moon. Immediately upon his departure, & searca was made for the Indy of nis third choice, when it was found that both the brids and ber parents were missing, and had probsbly met Alr. Sloane on the way. The misagrail-. rond President owns real estate in Sanduaky, Toledo, Boston, tnd Chicago,—sll of whith 13 attached. So far, there scems to boalakol positive information upon the subject, but thif is compensated for by the wildest rumors. e . The natives of India are at a disadvantsgdn religions matters. They bave s moral objection to post-mortem disintegration as applied by the Queen's artillery, and are held in terror by tbis sudden distribution of constituont atoms. The Penal Codo forbids their giving ntterance to sy sentiments which may wound the religious feel inga of others,—a regulation which,itis needlcs? to say, is hourly violated by tho over-zeslou missionarics of the Christiaz religion. ABrab- man was recently arrested in Bombsy at tb9 instance of & petty Government officer for spéak- ing severely agninst Christianity whilo advocst- ing the claims of his own faith. He esc3) punishment by hambly npologizing, bub 1 cutsblislied a disagroeablo precedent, which m2Y cause trouble among well-meaning but upthisk* ing zealots of a moro enlightened faith. ',ml sources of political corruption would bo Ao’ el e The investigation of tho affairs of JosishE- Hayes, State Treasurer of Kansas, bogins {05 veal some very ugly facts. Tho correspondect of the Kaneas City Times telegraphs that psper thot it hes already been shown that c:!!m:‘ Hayes' Chief Clork, has been in tho hstit losning the State's money in large sams 00 -to banks but also toindividuals. Among o:‘;; the Cashicr of the Shawnee County NafE Bank got $20,000 and the bank itself $30/ That this waa dono with the knowledge md?; sent of the Treasurer ia shown by the Mwhl he himeoif loaned to the People's Boak st 0! 9,000, giving to the bank Stats psper every cent upon its face, and taking for paper that was worthless.