Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, September 2, 1910, Page 6

;++++++++++++++*i L + Proper Method of : b Filling the Silo. 3 3 L k3 L * W, F Handschin, Minnesota : i University Farm. - L R R R R R The time for filling the silo is at hand. There are several things which should be taken into consideration in order to get the most satisfactory silage, from the feeding standpoint, and to fill the silo in the easiest and most economica! way. It is now pretty generally acknowl- edged that corn should be quite ma- ture before putting into the silo. All investigations made along this line show that the food-stuffs increase from 30 to 75 per cent between the milk and the dented or glazed stage. While there is no doubt more crude fiber in the maturer corn, the protein has in- creased about 33% per cent and the starch about 75 per cent during this last period of fifteen to eighteen days. Silage is no longer regarded as a feed for dairy cows alone, but is being used more each year for growing all classes of young cattle, and for fatten- ing both sheep and beef cattle for or refilled at least once, it is hard to fill it very full. If the top of the silage can be wet down well, or covered with cut straw or hay, it will. reduce the amount that must be thrown off. At any rate it should be thoroughly tramped every few days for a week or two after filling is finished. ENSILAGE WITHOUT A SILO Good Results From the Stacking of Green Fodder Corn. For a number of years it has been reported that ensilage could be made by stacking the green corn out of doors. Very few were disposed to give any credit to this method of mak- ing ensilage. The loss of ensilage in a poorly-constructed silo is often great, and the idea of preserving green corn without protection from the air at all seems preposterous. But this is done, and with a marked degree of success. There are a number of farmers in the vicinity of McIntosh, Minn., who have been stacking their fodder corn green for the past three years, and who are satisfied that they get much more profitable results than by curing the fodder corn in the ordinary way. The results of this method of stack- ing green fodder corn were observed by the writer on the farm 6f Mr. Ole J. Haaven, Mclntosh, Minn., for the COMPLETED SILO. FOR CONVENIENCE IN FEEDING IT SHOULD BE LOCATED NEAR THE STOCK BARN. market. It is found that silage made from mature corn gives the most sat- isfactory results with all classes of cattle. In filling the silo, much heavy lift- ing in the field can be avoided by having either low-down truck wagons or special low-down silage wagons. These are made in various ways, but usually with two timbers fastened be- low the hind axle, as far apart as the wheels will permit, and coming to a point and swung below the front axle. The rack is then either built up over the wheels, or the timbers made long enough to permit most of the load to come between the wheels. The tim- bers coming to a point at the front axle enables the wagon to turn quite short, even when it is coupled rather long. For small and medium-sized silos there is no particular advantage in having a very large cutter, as it is difficult to get enough corn to them to run them to capacity unless the field is very near by. Even then it would be filled so rapidly that it must be refilled once or twice to have it anywhere near full when it is settled. For a 16x30 or some similar size silo, a 14 to 16 cutter is large enough. A blower is more convenient to han- dle than a carrier, and can be regu- lated to distribute the corn better in the silo. It takes more power, how- ever. Care should be exercised in leveling the corn and tramping it down well, especially along the walls, in order to keep out the air. When a blower is used, the leaves and light- er portions tend to fly toward the walls, and unless the grain and heav- ier portions are mixed with this it is hard to tramp it solid. ‘It pays to have a reliable man in the silo. If the corn is frozen it does little harm to the silage, if it is put in with- in two or three days. If it should be- come too dry, it can often be moist- ened by placing a barrel with water where a small stream can be run into the blower or carrier. Unless the silo is filled very slowly, THF ARMY WORM. Destructive Insects Have Caused Much Damage This Year, The army worm has caused much harm in Minnesota this year. At least four-fifths of the timothy seed crop has been destroyed, and from many lo- calities word has been received that from 100 to 500 acres have been in- Jjured by this pest. In every case the THE ARMY WORM. origin of the trouble has been traced to the old timothy fields, which have not been plowed for several years. These worms turn later into brown- ish moths, varying in color from green to brown or almost black, but in nearly every case show indications of longitudinal stripes. They crawl in a vast army, from fleld to field, in search of food; and, the timothy heads eaten, they go to grain or other near-by crops. Farmers have been advised to spray a broad strip, between an advancing swarm and the threatened field, with an arsenical solution such as Paris green or arsenate of lead, at the rate of two pounds of the former to fifty gallons of water; or four pounds of the lat- R U — past two years. I was at Mr. Haa- ven’s farm in February, 1909, and again in March, 1910. Both times en- silage from stacked corn was being fed to a herd of dairy cows. In 1909 the ensilage was of as fine quality as 1 have ever seen from a silo, with the exception of the outside ot the stack, which was spoiled for a depth of from twelve to eighteen inches. This part was cut off with a hay knife, as re- moved from the stack. In 1910 (1909 crop) the corn came out of the stack very dark, almost black, but well pre- served, a good quality of ensilage; and it was all consumed, with the excep- tion of the outer part of the stack. The corn was cut with a corn har- vester, hauled in directly from the field, and stacked with a derrick and hay sling. The stacks were made somewhat after the same manner as grain stacks, except that the middle was kept level and the sides straight. The stacks were made from sixteen to twenty feet in diameter and ahout twenty feet high. Care was taken to lay the bundles even, and close to- gether, trampling them down firmly as laid. When the stack was built, planks were laid over the top, and stones placed on the planks to weigh down and compress the stack. The stacks were built beside the barn, so that the bundles could be thrown from the stack into the barn for feeding. The only protection from freezing was about two feet of hay, kept on top of the stack and moved from side to side as the bundles were taken out. Heat generating within the stack seemed to keep the ensilage from freezing to any great extent. ‘While this system is not recom- mended as preferable to the silo, it is undoubtedly superior to curing the corn in the shock in the field, both from the standpoint af quality of feed and the amount saved. The waste, however, of the outside of the stack would prove the silo the most economi- cal.—A. J. McGuire, Superintendent Northeast Minnesota Sub-Station. ter to fifty gallons of water; or to plow furrows across their line of march, the steep side of the furrow toward the threatened crop; killing the worms with kerosene when gath- ered in furrows. When full grown, these worms go into the ground about three inches or more, and tura into brown pupae; which, in turn, change into the adult insects or brownish moths. The moth, after mating, lays its exgs on the leaves of the grasses and grains. Farmers should not allow timothy fields to run more than three years without plowing; disking is not suffi- cient. Since these worms are now al- most in the pupal state, very badly in- fested fields should be plowed at once —F. L. Washburn, Division of Ento- mology, Minnesota University Farm ook ol e ol e e ol b e ol ol b b b b e - Sanitary engineers and chem- « + ists—so the Minnesota Experi- s # ment Station tells the farmers %+ —do not recommend shallow % wells as suitable sources of a < water supply such as the farm- < % er’s family, or his stock or *» poultry, should use. They are % too likely to be contaminated, ¢ either by surface drainage or % seepage from outhouses and < % cattle yards. 5 bk e ::; Ants in the House E * and the Garden, * o ofe i F. L. Washburn, Division of En. % tomology, Minnesota Univer- - sity Farm. 3 L O R R S A About this time of year, when ants are apt to trouble housekeepers—and to some extent gardeners—one must bear in mind that there are différent kinds of ants, which require different kinds ot treatment. There is the large black ant, and the large blackish and reddish ant, which make large mounds in the fields, and sometimes in the lawn; then the small red ant, which makes the tiny hills in our walks, or in the sod; and then an extremely tiny reddish ant, which lives almost entire- ly in houses, and which, once estab- lished, is an awful pest. While ants, when seen clirfibing up apple trees, or shrubbery and plants generally, do not directly injure the plants—since they are for the most part after the plant lice, which give up to them, in response to their caresses, sweet honey dew, of which ants are very fond—nevertheless the black ant sometimes girdles and kills shrubs like the lilac and snowball. Remedies. When ants are girdling a snowball or other shrubbery, we first have recourse to strong tobacco wa- ter, to see whether we can drive them away. If they still persist in eating the bark, we advise uncovering the crown and larger roots, mixing up arsenate of lead with a little water, and applying it as a thick whitewash to these parts. Arsenate of lead is a poison; which, however, applied in that way, would not injure the bush. Ants in houses are sometimes very annoying. There are various ways of getting rid of them. First, one must find out from whence they come, and alm to destroy the queen or queens. These, in all ant colonies, are the only ones which produce eggs; and as long as the queens are left living the colo- nies will continue to increase. Our readers are familiar with the old-time remedy of powdered borax scattered about the shelves; and pos- sibly they are familiar with the device of putting the legs of the refrigerator, or of the tables holding food, in pans filled with water covered with kero- sene. There is also the time-honored method of filling a sponge, or several sponges, with sweetened water, and putting it, or them, upon shelves fre- quented by ants, and when filled with ants, dropping them into boiling wa- ter, and repeating the process. Some ants in the house will eat the following poison mixture: Paris green and molasses or syrup—an abundance of Paris green. A saturated solution of alum, applied over shelves and al- lowed to dry, appears to leave a de- posit which is obnoxious to ants, and they avoid it. One must bear in mind, however, that until the queen or queens are killed ants will continue to come. In the case of the very minute ant, which sometimes occurs, especially in the house, we have eradicated it from a private house, where it had had a foothold for eight years, by fumiga- tion and freezing. We first traced the ants to their nest in the walls of the furnace cellar, and tried injecting kerosene, gasoline, and bisulphate of carbon, successively, into the crevices between the stones where the ants entered. This did not meet with per- fect success; so, in the middle of the winter, with the family out of the house, we fumigated with the deadly gas known as hydrocyanic gas; and afterwards, by opening all the win- dows, secured a temperature in the house something like 4 degrees below zero for three or four days. The ants have not appeared since, although three years have gone by since the treatment. This, as will be seen, is heroic treatment, but sometimes the exigencies of the case demand it. Where ants are coming from the outside, and are extremely trouble- some, they can be deterred from en- tering the house by applying with a brush a band of sticky tangle-foot, which can be purchased in cans, on the outside of the foundation of the house. As long as this is kept sticky, no ant can get across it. The large mounds out of doors, each of which is occupied by hundreds of ants, can be easily treated with bisul- phide of carbon. Make eight or ten holes with a cane or croquet stick, about eight inches deep, in each mound. Into each hole pour a good tablespoonful of bisulphide of carbon, closing each hole with earth, and then throw a couple of wet burlap sacks over the hill, leaving them over night. One may have to do this twice, pos- sibly; or, in other words, until the queen or queens are killed. The common little red ant, which makes tiny hills on our walks and in the grass, can be destroyed by pour- Ing a little gasoline into each hole, but this is an endless job where they are numerous, and is not worth while unless they are extremely trouble- some. Silage Valuable for Dairy Stock. An experiment in Vermont, with corn for ensilage, showed that, as a milk-producer, one acre of corn in the silo was equal to one and eight-tenths acres of corn fodder. Silage is im- portant in feeding steers, but not so valuable as in feeding dairy stock. No way has been found by which so large an amount of digestible and cheap food can be secured from a given amount of land as by the rais- ing of a Silage crop. And then the silo will hold at least twice as much dry matter as the same space in the barn. T VI LR P — “Black.Bart,” Road Agent. Charles E. Bolles, known to fame as “Black Bart,” was incomparably the most conspicuous charncter' in the his- tory of western stage robbers. From 1875 to 1883 “Black Bart” is known to bave committed twenty-seven stage robberies single handed. Northern Cal- o | ifornia stage drivers stood in constant o | fear of this unique desperado. On va- rlous occasions the drivers were able to give a good description of his figure, hair, feet and hands, yet no clew to his actual identity was gained during the eight years of his stage robbing ca- reer. He was finally betrayed by a laundry mark on a cuff which had dropped from his wrist when opening a treasure box which he had taken from a Wells Fargo stage in San Joa- quin valley. When he was finally cap- tured in San Francisco the detectives were amazed to find rhe famous “Black Bart” a slight, quiet mannered man of fifty-five, fawmiliar in face to all the Sap Francisco detectives. He had for years frequented a little restau- rant near police headquarters where many of the detectives dined.—W. C. Jenkins io National Magazine. - Got It at Last. It is told of a distinguished profes- sor of history that, in an address before a woman’s club on *“Obscure Heroes of the French Revolution,” he had reached the point where one of them, uobly resolved to essay the rescue of a friend doomed to the guillotine, sought a parting interview with his sweetheart before making the almost hopeless attempt. The professor had a moving voice and was eloquent. The assembly of women, many of them al- ready near tears, hung breathless upon his words. *“Biddy, diddy,” said he pathetically, then coughed slightly and went back. “Hiddy biddy”— Something was evi- dently amiss. He tried again. *“Biddy hiddy diddy doo.” By this rime the ladies looked puz- zled and the orator desperate. Draw- ing a long breath and speaking with painful deliberation, he at length con- quered the elusive syllables and said: “Did be hid adien?’—Youth's Com- paniou. Unconscious Humor, Mark ‘I'wain, as an example of un- conscious humor, used to quote a Hart- ford woman who said one day in the late spring: **My busband is the dearest fellow. “+Jim," | said to him this morning, ‘are you very hard up just now? * ‘1 certainly am hard up,’ he replied soberly. *T'his high cost of living is terrible. I don’t know what I’'m going to do.’ *“T'hen, Jim,' said 1, ‘I'll give up all thought of going to the country for July and August this year.’ “But the dear fellow's face changed, and he said: *‘Indeed. then, you won’t, darling. I thought you wanted to buy a hat with an aigret or some such foolish ness. No, no, my darling! Jim can always find the money to let his dear little wife go to the country.”—Wash ington Star. Life. Life is a burden imposed upon you by God. What you make of it, that it will be to you. Take it up bravely, bear it joyfully, lay it down trium- phantly.—Gail Hamilton. The Obliging Proprietor. “Won’t you please give me an or- der?” pleaded the persistent drummer. “Certainly.” replied the crusty pro- prietor. “Get out!"—Lippincott’s. Heaven often smites in mercy. even when the blow is severest.—Balllie, He Chose Quickly. “Gerald.” she xaid, facing him with beightened cotor and putting her hands behind her, “you will have 1o choose between me and your oid pipe.” Not an instant did Geraid nesitate. “The old pipe goes., dear,” he said. throwing it away. *l was thinking ot buying a new one unybow."—Chicago ‘I'ribune. —_— Look Up. We dig and teil, we worry and fret, and all the while close over us bends the intinite worder and beauty of ua- ture, sayivg: “Look up, my child! Feel my smile and be glad!"-G. 8. Mer- riam. OM SMART DRAY AND TRANSFER SAFE AND PIANO MOVING Rosidonce Phone 58 618 Amarica Ave. Office Phone 12 EW PUBLIC LIBRARY Open loa. m. to 8 p. m., daily except Monday: 2 p. m. to 6 p. m. Sun- day. Miss Beatrice Mllls, Librarian. M. MALZAHN & CO. * REAL ESTATE AND INSURANCE FARM LOANS, RENTALS FARMS AND CITY PROPERTIES 407 Minn. Ave, Remidii. Minn [ THE STOTT B THE «STOTT BRIQUET” is a solid chunk of pure anthracite screenings securely welded together by a newly discovered process THE «STOTT BRIQUET” is about two inches square--it is the easiest fuel to handle, the best in heat giving results Money Saved "In Your Coal Bill If You Use STtoTT BRIQUETS THE IDEAL ECONOMY FUEL Used in open grates, in furnaces, surface burning stoves, kitchen ranges, laundry stoves and hot water heaters, they ESTABLISH A NEW STANDARD OF FUEL VALUE: Ask your fuel dealer about Stott Briquets--- if he does not handle them, write us and we will direct you to a dealer who can supply you. Be Sure to get Directions for burning from the Stott Booklet--at your dealer’s Stott Briquet Co Superior, Wisconsin Don’t these cool mornings make you think winter 1s coming on? Don’t it make you think you would like to be cated in your own home so that you might fix it cozy for youself instead of fixing it up comfortable some one else to move into? lo- up for I have a few 'placesv left that may be just what you want. Call and see me about it. H. E. REYNOLDS Building Contractor and Rea | Estate Broker ROOM 9, O’LEARY-BOWSER BUILDING Office Phone 23. House Phone 316. Bemidji, Minn. e e ]