The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, August 30, 1896, Page 28

mmw_mmmmmrmmmnmmrmmmmmmmmmmnmmrmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmvmmv 28 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, AUGUST 30, 1896. THE NEXT BIG TEMBLOR Seismic Disturbances Occur Periodically and Goincident With the Planetary Positions--No Part of the (lobe Exempt From Them - But few places, if any, are exempt from seismic disturbances. A region may fora long period enjoy immunity from earth- quakes, and then without -warning there occurs a shaking up more or less disas- trous. It is within the memory of a good many present residents of San Francisco to recall the great earthquake of October 21, 1868, the destructive character of which shown by the picture of the Webber House. That our City may again be the recipient of a similar if not a more severe visitation is within the bounds of possi- bility. All information upon the subject of a general character must therefore be of much interest. We shall learn nothing about any physical phenomenon by the presentation of highly colored descrip- tions of imaginary conditions. No one has penetrated the earth’'s crust to a greater depth than a few thousand feet. How, then, is it possible for the artist to represent the appearance of the interior of the earth? The verdict of science is that the earth 1s a cooling globe. This implies that at one time the ball we inhabit was very hot, probably in a molten state, but just how long ago it got cool enough to permit the avpearance of life upon its surface, or just how thick is the earth- crust at the present time, are questions that science is unable to answer. A great many ingenious theories have been put forward concerning the internal condition of the earth, each of which has its particular merit, and all have their fail- ures. By some it is held that the earth is aliquid bsll, having a tnin crast or shell, and the liquid interior is intensely hot. By others it is staied that the center of the earth is a solid nucleus, or ball, floating in an envelope of semi-liquid, viscous, molten matter, which is coated by the solid crust. Still others maintain the earth to be a hollow shell. They are all theories; and likely to be for all time un- determinable ones. Were it possible to possess accurate knowledge of the con- dition of the earth’s interior, we should then be in a position to determine the causes of earthquakes; as it is, without such information we can. only assemble the observed phenomena attending these geological catastrophes, and attempt to deduce therefrom a few generalizations bearing upon the subject. Earthquakes and voleanic eruptions are apt 1o be considered as related one to the | other. There is no necessary connection between the two, other than both are the effect of one great cause. Yetearthquakes are most likely to occur in voicanic regions. Earthquakes are generally dus on Jand to rupture of the strata of the earth, upward or downward, conscquent on horizontal pressure. New Engiand has no trace of volcanic activity during the present geological epoch, yet earthquakes occur there. Moreover, it is reasonable to suppose that if earthquakes were the re- sult of a confined power, such as gases at i | nomical science is now asserting that these enormous tension, then a volcano would act as a safety vent, and so diminish the | tendency to earthqnake upheaval. Such, | however, is not the observed fact: volcanic vents are no safeguards against earth- quakes. Observations under extremely limited range of vertical depth exhibit an increase of temperature of about one degree cen- tigrade for each 100 feet of depth from the surface. It is not adifficult matterfor the readers of THE CALL to figure out the depth at which all matter is in a molten condition under the influence of the enor- mous heat. When by means of fissures in the crust the water of the sea finds its way to the hot interior ‘steam a tremendous pressure is formed and a displacement oc- curs, manifested as an earthquake, The presence of carbonates, chlorides and sul- phates, etc., in the crust, would also tend to produce disruptive gases. We are apt to regard the crust of the earth as a rigid affair. It isnotso. ‘‘The solid earth’’ is more poetical thanreal. During an earth- | quake the earth’s crust bends in a multi- tude of directions and the motion is prop- agated with a velocity of from 500 to 1000 | feet per second. Volcanoes have always been regarded with awe by the unlearned, and that means the majority of the people. There are 350 great volcanoes on the globe; including ex- | tinct ones, ancient and modern, over 1000. There are tens of thousands of smalier ones and millions of geysers, hot springs, | mud ejectors, etc. Yet the volcano is | simply the chimney, vomiting its fire and smoke. The earthquake is the explosion of the boiler. Between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter are a vast number of tiny planets, known as the asteroids. Astro- asteroids are the remains of a huge planet that was at some time rent into fragments | | Earthquake Record as Traced by the Seismograph. THE MAYO LIFEBOAT ADRIFT IN A GALE. by an internal explosion. That must have been a mighty earthquake! There is a great cosmic power which we call “gravitation.” Volcanoes and earth- quakes are but local manifestations of this great power, of the essential nature of which we know absolutely nothing. The rifts and scars on the earth’s surface are its evidence, terrible yet indispensable to the life of our globe. It will be interesting to look over the records of earthquakes and learn what re- eions are most likely to be affected and whether there is any probability of a re- currence of the phenomenon. During the eleven years ended in 1883 there were'364 earthquakes recorded as occurring in the United States, of which number 147 took place on the Atlantic Slope and the balance in the Western States and the Pacific Slope. In 1885 42 occurred on the Pacific Slopeand 17 on the Atlantic. During the 250 years ended in 1879 out of 273 earthquakes in the United States but 42 wererecorded as occurring on the Pacific Slope. These figures would seem to indicate that the seat of disturb- ance was moving toward the Pacific. The cause or causes of earthquakes re- main a mystery. The past training of our scientific minds has been such as to lead them to look to the earth itself for the cause of every terrestrial phenomenon. Re- cently some modification of this narrow view has obtained, and to-day the student is not langhed at if he looks elsewhere for the producing cause. It is fast becominga belief that celestial influence has much to do with earthquakes. The phenomenon is more frequent at new moon and full moon than at the time of quarter moon. More frequent when the moon is nearest to the earth than when she is farthest off. More frequent when the moon is on merid- ian than when she is at the horizon. More frequent at the equinoxes, and especially so at the autumnal equinoxes. The idea that earthquakes had a periodicity depend- ent upon the position of the heavenly bodied dates back as far as the records of Babylon extend. An old Japanese book, called ‘“Jishin Setsu,” asserts the same. Professor Alexis Perrey of Dijon, recog- nized as the most successful worker and the best authority on seismic phenomena, has devoted many years of arduous labor to the examination and tabulation of earth- quake data. His tables of earthquakes from 1750 to 1842 show two groups of maxima, each with a period of about A Practical Seismograph. twelve years, one commencing in 1759, the other in 1756. Also two other groups, with twenty-eight- year periods, com- mencing respectively in 1756 and 1773. These groups coincide with the times when the giant planets, Jupiter and Baturn, reach the mean longitudes of 135 degrees and 265 degrees. The critical researches of Dr. E. Nau- man show a coincidence to exist between the occurrence of the large earthquakes of Japan and the thirty-three year period of meteoric showers. The great Humboldt asserts the coincidence of the great earth- quake of Quito and Riobambo with a great shower of meteorson February 4, 1797. Of course these are but *‘coincidences,” but what makes the coincidence? The word *“‘coincidence” does not dispose of the facts, but it merely refers them all to the same cause. There are five earthquakes at night to one during the day. The conclusion that the particular posi- tion of the heavenly bodies may operate to create terestial disturbances is, therefore, no forced one; and while old school geolo- gists may cling to the aogma that earth- quakes are solely due to the shrinking of the earth’s crust, it iy certainly most re- markable that this shrinking should per- sistently manifest itself at regular periods corresponding with the position and move- ments of the heavenly bodies! Scarcely a day passes that there Is not some slight shock in some portion of the globe. Not of a degree approaching severity, but of a faint character, Itisa simple matter to prove this. Igive a cut and description of a seismograph, or ‘‘earthquake re- corder,” which is exceedingly simple to make and will correctly record the occur- rence of all shocks and tremors. It is a heayy ball of metal suspended by a rod and string; thelowerend of the rod, which projects below the. ball, has a couple of small shoulders provided with a vertical hole, in which ir placed a needle free to move up and down in the holes, The end of the needle rests upon a piece of smoked glass. The instrument must be placed where all vibration of the ground from passing vehicles in the street is absent. F. M. Crosg, D. Sc. IT WILL NEVER SINK A Rough-Water Lifeboat With Air-Tight Gom. partments Fed by Self-Acting Tubes. As Safe as Though Sealed in a Barrel It often happens that when a vessel founders at sea and the people aboard of her attempt to escape in the ordinary open boats they will be capsized and drowned. To prevent this Robert D. Mayo of Frank- fort, Mich., has invented a lifeboat that is non-sinkable as a buoy and which can- not be filled with water. In the practica- bie application of the lifeboat the people who have left the sinking ship are situ- ated the sameas if they were sealed up in a floating barrel. To accomplish this result many things had to be considered, chiefly the air sup- ply and the stability of the vessel, so tnat it would be self-righting. The Mayo boat is made of metal and has air-tight compartments that will keep it afloat even though water should get into the other part of it. These compartments occupy both ends of the craft, and a few feet back of the bulkhead that forms either of them is another bulkhead that communicates with the interior of the lifeboat by a valve close up to the under side of the deck. The lifeboat is built to stand high out of smooth water. Above this water line there are a series of air pipes that enter the space between the two bulkheads and allow the atmosphere to freely enter and pass into the inner compariment through the vaive. This valve is of the automatic pattern, so that when the water rises around the boat and fills the space be- tween the bulkheads to a dangerous height it closes naturally and keeps the water from getting inside. The motive power of this vessel is no part of Lhe invention, as it can be fitted with any of the numerous contrivarces for that purpose now on the market. In case of the abandoning of a ship at sea the crew and passengers are loaded into one of these boats through an open- ing in the top, which is then closed and fastened on the inside. The lifeboat is then lowered in the usual manner and turned loose. In case the boat is the last one to leave the ship there are holes for ropes to pass through, so that it can be accomplished by the men on the inside. There is a pump aboard that is capable of ejecting any water that may come aboard. ‘When the Mayo lifeboat is in the water and free of the ship all the inmates have todo is to make themselves as comforta- ble as the circumstances will permit. There is no possible danger of their getting wet, as the waves can wash over the vessel without causing any great inconvenience. Even if it should stay under water for a minute the people would suffer no danger for want of air, as there is enough in the vessel to last several times that long. As soon as the vessel comes to the top again the water between the bulkheads runs ont and allows the air valve to open 8o that there is a fresh supply of air in an instant. Such a vessel could be adrift in a gale for days and the people inside of her bein perfect com fort and safety. As soon as the sea goes down the top can be opened and the shipwrecked mariners be in the same condition as if they were in ar. ordinary ship’s boat. As well as making a gooa lifeboat there is no reason why the Mayo boat would not be a success for long ocean voyages by small parties. Equipped with a gasoline eneine and sails it coula make good time, and when very dangerous weather comes up could be closed and allowed to drift about until the gale had passed away. To Extract Gold Without Water The one great difficulty in the develop- ment of many gold fields in California and elsewhere is the want of a sufiiciently great water supply with which to drive the machinery necessary for extracting gold from the ore or to utilize in operating rich placer deposits. Int esouthern part of the State and in Arizona many dis- coveries of rich gold deposits have had to be abandoned on account of the lack of water, and many inventors with more or less success have exercised their in- genuity in trying to discover processes by which water could be dispensed with in extiracting gold. A device invented by a California mechanic, who is also an ex- perienced miner, has been tested on a small scale with great success, and a full- sized model of which is now being con- structed by the Union Iron Works. The main feature of the invention is an iron pipe of large dimensions, which is bent into a spiral, forming & worm, each convolution of which holds a charze of quicksilver, not large enough, however, to close the passage. The ore, previously re- duced to powder as fine as possible, is drawn by a current of air through the rapidly revolving pipe; the quicksilver by this means is forced into a spray, which takes hold of and forms an amalgam with all particles of gold in the neighborhood. In tests at recent trials with ore-bearing sands from placers nearly every particle of gold was recovered. Tests made with the black sands from the seashore con- taining gold were very successful. ——————— Photographing the Eye. At a recent meeting of the Paris Acad- emy of Medicine M. Guinkoff stated that he had successfully photographed the interior of the eye. lhe advantages oi thie method are important, since it ena- bles actual pictures of the disease of the retina to be secured and compared from time to time to determine whether dis- ease processes of the eye progress or not. The picture is made in two seconds. The apparatus can thus serve as an ophthalmo- scope, and any number of persons can thus observe the results. — New York Times. SO R A A A AR A A A A L A AL AR L 23 VIAVI FOR MARRIED WOMEN. 1 narsed my baby. 80 and he was soon well. was relievei, I could walk I am sure I shall be great blessing to worflen. course of VIAVI. trouble. AL NALE about ten days the sweat assumed a yellow appearance. DEAR SIR: Six months ago, as ordered, I began to grow better, tbat I had a tumor and must have an If vou will be persistent in t! either by letter or person if you will call at my home. Have been a great sufferer from prolapsus for worn a pessary for the pa:t ten years, and this was prevailed upon to try this new remedy, VIAVL. Th, “THE VI “Qlad to Tell.” VIAVI COMPANY—My baby was born July 21, 1894, and from that time I had a bladder causing a desire to urinate every few minutes. and the burning sensation was terrible. ‘When the baby was six months old I was in a terrible condition. badly the nig t clothes and bedding had to be dried. I bad heard of VIAVI and sent for one of the ladies in charge of the office to come and see me and I began treatment. 1n b The yellow matter seemed to ¢ me from every pore in my body; sheets, pillowslips and night clothes looked as if they had been dipped in saffron. My head all around the roots of my bair looked as if insect powder had been sifted over it. . n He became sick and vomited much irightened and sent for the lady who had s .ld me the treatment. The yeilow matter continued passing for several days. Then 1 began to get better, my hladder trouble and work, and at the end of a three months’ course telt well and strong. course to make my cure permanent, 2s I know it will cure those who are faithful. I am glad to tell what it has done for me, either by letter or personally, as soon as he had nursed. What he threw up was She came and said I must wean the THE VIAVI COMPANY—I have suffered for two years with anteversion great in the uterus and back that I could not stand straight. was troubled with it. I §as very restless and weak May, and for a while seemed to suffer more pain, b determined to give the treatment a fair trial, and I pain has gone from my back and uterus, I sleep well % RICHARD STATION, P. Q., Aus. 2, 1895, The pain was so I aiso had a severe cough, which increased the pain every time I ; also suffered intense pain while urinating. I commenced using VIAVI in ut I remembered your agent had told me that might e the case at first, I am very thankful now that I did, for I am so much better in every way. The i 5 ell and am not <o nervous as I was, feeling so much stronger. ite well again by continuing the remedy a little longer, which Iintend to do. I think VIAVI is a rusting this testimonial will give hope 1o some other poor sufferer, yours gratefully, and ulceration of the uteras. THE VIAVI COMPANY—Gentlemen: I have suffered with anteversion for about vhysicians with -carcely any reliei. 1 seemed to im months’ course I took another. aiso suffered with stomach trouble for years. have done me more good than anything I ever tried. At last an agent of the business called at my house and induced prove right from the start, and haye continued to do so. After My case is of long standing, so I think it will VISALIA, Cal., Sept. 25, 1894. Had tried a number of me to try a three months’ I finished the firs: three C take a year or so before I am entirely cured. 1 have been taking the capsules in the stomach for about two months, I have experimented with everything I ever heard of. MRS. H. ten years, . THE VIAVI COMPANY—Gentlemen: With pleasure I add my testimonial to virtues of the VIAVI remedy and the good it has done for me. At m suffered every period since with pain in my stomach, sick head: For the lust thirty-two years I have had such a bearing down bladder was so great at times that the neck of it would come in:o t| would cause it 10 bleed. A number of physicians had pronounced time. I have never enjoyed the blessing of a family and only regre it would produce the primary object of married life. ) I bave only used VIAVI nine months and can truthfali sick headaches, leucorrhea and general health have been greas heartily recommend it 1¢'any one suffering as I have. 1 forgot to say that my eyes ha y say I have been wenderfuily benefited. That bearin, tly improved. I never remember being as well as PAYSON OITY, Utah, Jan. 20, 1896. 4 the many thousands already given to the y first menstrual period I caught cold, from” which I have ache and leucorrhea, which was followed by anteversion, L could scarcely stana on my feet, and the pressure on my he world, which caused great soreness, and the least touch my case incurable and said I could only be patched up for a et that VIAVI did not reach me in my younger days, as I feel £ ve been very bad, but are much better now, C. and am now cured and able when I began using VIAVI, I had prolapsus for 1 to walk continuously. gneratwn performed. Icannotsay too much foi @ U-e of this wonderiul remedy you will be cur “Fifteen and Eighteen Years.” INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., July 29, 1896. 3 Having used the treatment I wastold by some of the best physiciang - T VIAVI to any one suffering from uterine ed. I will be pleased to ans;(ergll inquiries R. eighteen yesrs, THE VIAVI COMPANY—Gentlemen: I h i anything to do me good until I used VIAVI. T uarreren alicted with cured by its use and found all to be true that I freely recommend it to any afflicted lady and ins was very incredulous about its merits until I went had heard. Since using it myself I feel like another ure a cure if it is given a thorough trial. ellow. aby at once. MRS. N. W. SHDOTIE the treatment, but was told not to do so and that I must dis was five times the price 1 would cheerfully pay that for it 1f well, and am better in health than I bave been for years. Send any lady to me you like for information. JAMESTOWN, N. Y., Dec. 1, 1895. bad uterine trouble, the .pressure on the sing the urine gave me so much pain that at times I would scream, An intense burning and 1tching in the rectum was intolerable. I treated with physicians in vain. I had night sweats so cure you. I was _very I aid I am going to take another M. P. N. time, Ihad and they W. K. down, dizzy, am now. i ve * husband. use VIAVL health, I will teil you what it has done for me. commenced its use and for nearly two years used it faithfully. The ligaments were gradually strengthened and the organ returned to its natural position, and two months.since I gave birth to a fine, healthy daughter. I used the remedy steadily up to the birth and got up strong and well, Ladies, do nat hesitate to use V1AVI faithfully and use it until well. A montgflgé two wii not At each monthly period I had most intense weak and delicate. aces, I began the use of VIAVI I was very low and weak, and had to spend a good deal of my timein bed. before I perceived any change for the better, but I persevered, and am now using the tweifth month’s treatment. ersevere, for I have been so greatly benefited, and would advise all ladies using VIAVI to persevere, even though they may not eel benefited for some time. Yours traly, suffering woran to fl The VIAVI CERAT me, I remain, yours very truly, THE VIAVI COMPANY—Gentlemen: almost paralyzed and the’ whole system to be out of order. T nervous, but, thanks to VIAVI, I'am almost a well woman and the proud mother of a fine baby boy. term; had no morning sickness, and the birth was rendered safe and easy. I am, yours faithfully, THE VIAVI COMPANY: called in a local physician twic? to menstruation for several months. SCALES, Gold Hill, Nev. THE VIAVI COMPANY—Hoping to be the means of inducing other suffering women to use VIAVI and recover their I suffered terribly with extreme prolapsus. “Fly to Viavi for Relief.” LOS ANGELES, Cal., Dec. 27, 1894. THE VIAVI COMPANY—Gentlemen: I had suffered from retroversion for three years, caused by falling from my horse. I had, too, almost constant pain in the region of the ovaries, and became very est physicians, both here and in other piaces, and obtained but little benefit. When Iused the remedy some months ains. I employed some of the E to VIAVI for relief. is excellent for liver, lung and kidney troubles. THE VIAVI COMPANY—Gentlemen: For nine years I suffered with leucorrhea and retroversion, suffering more at my monthly periods than at any other time. My head would pain me so much that I would be obliged to lie in bed for a day at a %as so nervous I did not sleep well, couldn’t bear any noise, didn’t feel like myself, was cross and irritable. After using VIAVI five months I consider myseli well.. I shall be glad indeed if these few lines may be the means of inducing some poor, Ladies, wnen you use it be tiiorough in its use, and do not do the remed With a sense of great gratitude for the goo _EAST LOS ANGELES, Cal., Feb. 12, 1895. I had suffered for fifteen years with retroversion, causing m: My ailments were too numerous to name. Iy I had also be up and I feel strong Ls THE VIAVI COMPANY—Dear Sirs: For fourteen years I had suffered from diseases, vaginitis, retroversion, terrible headaches, nervous dyspepsia and soreness of the spine.” Wa ferent times, but derived no permanent benefit from any. medicine, I am, yours very gratefully, INDIANAPOLJS, Ind. uterine displacement for eighteen years. also was a the past fifteen years, DENVER, Colo., March 18, 1896. could. recover. case of ulceration, which gave me great suffering. e first month I thought I was no better, The doctors did not think I to see a lady who has been person, io{‘{;m well. Tcan Three months ago [ and 1 thought 1 wotld give up Never found only t I have remedy. THE VIAVI COMPANY—Gentlemen: Your remedy has hoping that other ladies who read this will be induced to try VIAVI at once and be restor. iis remedy can restore. For about five years I suffered with prolapsus and retrove; ages all the time, and was in a state of nervousness that made life burdensome. I have thought there was no hope for me. A representative of the VIAVI called upon me and using eighteen of the CAPSULES I felt so much better that I did not need the bandages, and have in perfect health, and enjoy life as I never thought possible for one affl roven such a godsend to often prayed I procured a F'or Flull Name and Address and Further Information Apply AVl COMPANY, 2304-6-8 Van Ness Avenue, City. mmmmuuuuumummmmmmmmmmmwmmmmmmmwmmmmaumuuumwmmwmuuumwmmwmmwmmmmmwwmmmmmmmm nse with my pessary. Well, I sm now on my third box, and if it could not get it for less. The parts are in position, I eat and sleep I tell every lady that I know of it, that they may tell it to their friends, VIAVI was broucht to my notice. I I would recommend all suffering nistfl‘s to use VIAVL ABERDEEN, Wash., April 12, 1895. I think it only just that I should tell you what VIAVI has done for me. 1’ > 4 VIAVI treatment on the 19th day of January, this year. At that time I was suffering from gluce the parts in position, but they would mot stay. bought a three months’ treatment from your manage: weak that I fainted away during the first treatment, but in three days I 'was able to My menstruation has been natural ever sinc2—no pain whatever. I work—washing and all. Iam willing you shouid use this testimonial if you wish. Iam, r and began using it at once. and well now, so that I can do all my respectfully yours, FRESNO, Cal., March 26,-1894. mlxcn t:; gnngestion of the ovaries, s trea y manv physicians at dif- In May, 1892, Mrs. H., after making several I was then suffering intensely with pain in the right ovary, and decided that it, ngmle e e removed, as I could not step or even move without pain. I also suffered greatly with bladde After four months’ treatment of VIAVI I was surprised to find the bad symptoms all gone. confidence now to believe that I am cured. Hoping this may meet the eyes of many other suff Thaps the left ovary, must be uble, caused by misplacements. This was two years ago, and [ have erers and induce them to try your M T trouble, SAN DIEGO, Cal., reb. 14, 1595, me that I wish to tell you of my case, ed to perfect health and happiness, as Tsion of the uterus. 5 T never used them since. icted as L was. I will answer all questions in regard to the = Tam glad I did MISS L. B. LONGMONT, Colo. an 1njustice. it has done MRS. 8. L. lower limbs to be was very weak and I used VIAVI during the RS, C. L. 8. 1 began the use of the retroversion. I had been suffering from painful I was so do the work for myself ana MRS. J. H. I had to wear band- for death to end it all. I box of the remedv. After Iam RS. B. A. H. AAAAAZIAIIMIIOAAOECAACTUATIATIMUCUASAATIMRUOUCTAATDO LU TLUTATURFUCTEATUMPUMUO AT AEOTARMM BB AR BO O ARTRMBUAAATM IO AR B il