The New York Herald Newspaper, February 28, 1879, Page 5

THE HEATHEN CHINE, Defence of His Character by the Chamber of Commerce. BLAINE SEVERELY CRITICISED. Constitutional Principles Conflict with the Bill Passed by Congress. TREATY OBLIGATIONS SHOULD BE RESPECTED, Benefits Conferred on Califomia by the Im- migration of the Mongols. DEMONSTRATIONS IN SAN FRANCISCO. Probably the most interesting meeting of the Chamber of Commerce for many years was that which ‘was convened yesterday in their rooms, corner of Cedar and William streets, to protest against the pro- posed violation of constitutional and treaty obliga tions in the passage of the Anti-Chinese bill for par- tisan reasons by the members of both houses of Con- gress, and to petition’ the President to witnhold his signature from the bill. The resolutions offered by Mr. A. A. Low set forth the duty of fulfilling treaty obligations and show how the measure passed by the men at Washington would violate the letter and the spirit of the treaty with China. They show the injustice of the United States to insist mow upon exclusiveness after having been among the first nations to force China to forego her own exclusive policy. These resolutions were supported by eloquent speeches by several of the members. ‘The value of the Chinese labor to California itself in improving the value of property, which the shift- less diggers of the Pacific coast would never have improved, was exhibited, and, in fact, every consid- eration, whether of duty orof interest, was urged why the President should veto the bill. After the resolutions had been adopted unanimously and with great enthusiasm a committee of three members of the Chamber, at present in Washington, was ap- pointed to confer with the President on the subject. ‘THE PROCEEDINGS. Mr. Samuel D. Babcock; president of the Chamber, took the chair, and Mr. William H. Kiernan, in the ‘absence of Mr. Wilson at Washington, acted as seo- retary. The chairman opened the meeting by read- ing the call published in yesterday’s Hzraup, and which was signed by Messrs. William H. Fogg, Henry F, Spaulding, Seth Low, Elliot C. Cowdin, J. Pier- pont Morgan, Levi P. Morton,.E. W. Corlies, Roswell Skeel, D. Willis James, Josiah M. Fiske and Bowie Dash. Mr. A. A. Low then offered the -resolutions in the following address:—- Mn. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN, MEMBERS OF THE CHAMBEK OF ComMERCE—We have been called together ey to consider what action is proper for the Cham- ber of Commerce to take with reference to the bill to restrict Chinese immigration, which has passed ‘both houses of Congress and now only waits the signa- ture of the President of the United States to become a law. The subject of this law has been so fully discussed that the members of this Chamber do not need to be dnstructed in regard’ to the character of the bill. I Ihave been requested to > prepare somp resolutions, ‘which I will read to the Chamber, that embody about all that Lhave to say on the. subject. The principal objection to the law, as I understand it, is that it coutravenes the obligations of the treaty. It perhaps as egg 4 contravenes the very law ot our national being. Weare anation of immigrants, and {know of no good reason why, at this late day, we should shut the door against the people of China any more an we should against the people of Ireland or any other country. (Appinuee) We have been able to absorb into the body politic some four or five millions of blacks, and there yere not Many of them who were voluntary emigrants trom their own country, and we have not ouly absorbed them into the body politic, but we haye given them the priv- ilege of voting, although they may have neither the ‘education nor understanding to make them good yoters in measures affecting the integrity of the Union or in choosing men who are candidates tor office. While, therefore, it has been the policy of ie own government to admit emigrants trom every dnd the policy of China has always been Sl gue both to the emigration of its own subjects and to the immi- gration of other people from abroad. And such was the policy of Cnina till it was broken down by the armed force of other nations, and no nation waa more forward than our own in controverting that policy. If I recollect aright, while er ay to break a treaty with China by a law which contravenes its terms, we did not think it a very proper thing on the part of Great Britain to interpose an existing statute to a treaty for the extradition of offenders against the laws of our country. It I recollect right, when that one feature was broken we considered the whole treaty null and void. Perhaps there has been no axiom which has been more generally received us true than this that free government can rest upon no other basis than the:basis of sound morals. Now, obligation of observing a treaty faithfully concerns the morals of our country, and ,it is in this view which I think it is chiefly interesting to the mem- bers of this Chamber, not because we are members of a commercial body, but because we have an interest in the high character of the government under which we live, and therefore Ihave made this teature promi- nent in the resolutions which I have drawn. I think we witnessed one departure from this basis of sound morals about a year ago, when Congress ventured to adopt a second standard of, value under the authority of the constitution which gives Con- gross the power to coin money. I I think when we witnessed Congress passing such o law it took adeparture from that sound moral basis upon which the government of every free country most safely rests. Now, I think this is another de- a free % maintain Vith your parture from the moral standard which Kovernment should observe if it expects &@ wholesome and continuous growth. permission I will read the resolutions. THE RESOLUTIONS, ‘The following resolutions were then read :— restrict the immigration of Chinese % passed both houses of Congress, ure of the President of the » is hereby, Rosolved, That, in the judment of this Chamber, it is the pi sunt duty of the goverument sacredly to fulfil ite trenty ¥ foreign Pow Kosolved, That, in tho judgment of thin Chamber, the bill above referred to conflicts with thix duty, antagonizing A the spirit of the treaty now existing between ¢ China and our own ¢ wnd (hat the in- jon of a part by either of acting purties y invalidates the whuie of ved, That if thore is oue article in the existing trea! more than any other, bears the im of the Ame vend, itis that whieh coutains the following declars. u he and the pire rdially rocoxuize the inherent and inalivu- wble righ uge his home aud allegiance, aud fiso tha inutual advantage of the free migration and emi. gration of thelr citizens and subjects respectively from the bne country to the F purposes of curtosity, of trade, oF ws perur ts." The fundam i ciple thas set forth ws rociuimed wt the can of the world, nd the doors of t Kesvlved, it this Chambor deprecates the proposed law “to restrict the immigration of Chinese to the United As Ostablishing «bad precedent; as an unworthy al concossion to the lawioss spirit of a single Beat oF China have en} tional ated te value finally, as al body. korry ‘wud diguitiod wise dom of the heathen . in view of tives and other considerutions of lesser Rone a ting our commercial relations, the possible f po provable diswontinuanee of steam communication the Maciti Chamber would resp: en iy invoke the Prosident of the Uuite withhold bis slgnattre from the bill ubove deser MN. YOGG'Ss ADUTESS, ir, Willian H. Fogg seconded the resolutions in th? following words:—1 teel, as one of the signers of the call tor this meeting, thit the AntleChinese Dill shoald be denounced in the strongest possible torma, Had 1 doubted the expediency of such a course my doubts would have veen removed by: a letter I received trom the former president of this Chamber, Mr. William EK. Dodge, who was in Washington at the thie of the passage of the bill, Urging Ob ue Lhe great importance of such a call that the views of conmercial men might be heard on thi shameful — bi Of treaty obliga. tions. The Auts Chinese bill has passed boiu houses of Congress in obedience to an ont- cry from the people of the Pacifie coast that Chinese 1mmigration has disturbed and injured their prosperity, it may well be doubted it they have good reason for this cliim. The Surveyor General of California has already been quoted as porting that the Chinewo have increased the value of the ‘property 1m Calltorila §100,000,000, and this property to-day ig helt by white men, ‘It is perti- houtly asked also by the Rev, Joseph Cook if auy 20,000 Irish have done as much as that for Calitor. hia? ‘Che boating of this scorns to be recognized to some extent oven on the Pacitigcoust. A well known ‘writer, long @ resident there, asvorts, in bis recent emphatic denunciation of the bill, that not halt of | the solid wealth and worth outside of the politicians | the testimony of their service? Every railroad man, favor this bill. to suggest that the outery against the Chinese is on something else than harm to the prosperity of the Pacitic coast. Senator Blaine im his recent letter asserts that the talk about trade is made only by those whi do not understand the question. Last year, he says, our exports to all China ports were but $692,000. Statis- tics show our omper™, to China ports were, in 1876, $4,392,555; im 1577, $5,652,272; in 1878, $6,016,543. Our 8] exports in 1876 were $10,918,967; im 1877, 601,274; in 1878, $11,682,332, The increase in our exports thus far this fiscal year are $627,918, We ure just entering upon new era with the Empire of China, » Heretofore our intercourse has been limited and restricted. After long waiting we are now gradu- ally overcoming the prejudices of her people, juir- ing their confi and making our way into their domains. Some of their rivers are opened to our commerce, giving to us new and important markets for our products. @hina has for the first time ac- credited a resident minister at Was! ton, and now, by ourown mistake, shall we shut the door it has taken so many years to open? Mr, President, I hope these resolutions will be passed unanimously. Mr. Elliot C. Cowdin offered a resolution to pre- sent a memorial to the President on the subject, and Mr. Isaac P. Phillips proposed as an amendment that B committee of three be appointed to present them. ‘MR. COWDIN'’S REMARKS, Mr. Cowdin’s address was as follows :— Mr. PrestpENT—Tho international relations of man- kind are a proper subject for a systematic policy. From this broad foundation spring treaties between independent nations. Such systematic policy is to be built on the acceptance of duties rather than on the assertion of rights. All treaties between nations have, therefore, not only a Sey but a@ moral basis. What is the use of this extraordinary action of our national legislu- tors in ard to our hitherto much vaunted treaties with the Chinese government? California has come to Congress with three special complaints with regard to the Chinese, and these complaints have proved sufficient to excite, and I might almost say to frighten, a nation of well nigh fifty millions of people into a proceeding unprecedented in its history. e ‘These complaints are:— First—That the Chinese are coming to this country in‘overwhelming numbers, and by an unfair compe- tition with white labor are driving it from the field. Second—That this enormous immigration is not voluntary, but that these Chinamen are in reulity a servile class. Thrd—That their vices make them a demoralizing and destructive clement in a community. * Now, what are the facts? As to the enormous im- migration, the official records of the San Francisco Custom House show that of all the Chinese who had arrived in California for the twenty years ended July 1, 1863, nearly three-eighths had returned to China, and that the total number remaining at that time on the Pacific coast was less than sixty-five tho id. Since that time the reports of the United States Bureau of Statistics indicate that not more than forty- it thousand, at a liberal estimate, have been added to that number if we allow the same percentage 4s in previous years for their re- turning. According to these figures it is difficult to see how there can be, on the whole Pacific slope, more than about one hundred and thirteen thousand Chinese, gcattered through all the States and Territories ot vast region. As to the number in California itself, so late an authority as the Sacramento Union of the 15th of the present month estimates it at not more than sixty thousand, Are these numbers now increasil Far from it. On the contrary, the recently pul lished record of arrivals and departures for the last six months in 1878 show that guring that period 4,646 Chinese sailed from California, while only 1,955 arrived there. So much for the overwhelming volume of Chinese immigration! As to the allega- tion that these Chinamen are creating an unfair com- petition especially detrimental to white labor, let us gee what they have done. WHAT THE CHINESE HAVE DONE. 5: The State records of California show that th: Chinese, so early as 1861, paid in taxcs, licenses, water rates for mining, the purchase of native pro- ducts, and in other ways directly beneficial to the country, upward of $13,000,000 in a single year. An excellent authority estimated that in 1867 this sum bad increased to $18,000,000, being $45 to each one of the white population of the State, estimating that population at 400,000. Can such a sum pass into the general business of a State without greatly benefit- ing its industrial classes? What sane mun, who is annually relieved of $45 of taxa- tion, can accuse the people who have done this of burdening the communitv? (Applause.) It is very clear that we have to learn trom Chinese industry and frugality; but it is a great in- justice to the toiling masses of America to question ‘These fact? ure sufaciently startling | fora moment their ability to cope successtully with. the people of less favored nations. ~The’ recent uni- versul expositions have shown conclusively that in industri ursuits we can compete with even the most enlightened peoples of the globe. But if 10,000 miles of ocean navigation, ignorance of our language, and the advantages of the Christian faith, with ail ite 5 ilities for developing strength in civilization, do not furnish us with suti- cient protection against these ignorant, heutheh Asiatics, for Heaven's sake do not let us put such a humiliating admission on our statute books. (Ap- lause.) f P'Tct us now look at the question as to the volum tary character of their immigration. Mr. George F. Seward, our present Minister to China, and for more than ten years Consul and Consul General in that Empire, has written explicitly:—“This immigration has been entirely voluntary in ite character.” Dr. 8. Wells Williams, for more than twenty years our Secretary of ion, and repeatedly acting Minister to China, says:—‘They come bo trom their own shores just as freely as Americans do from Further authority is certainly unnecessary, yet this high testimony can be confirmed by the report gf almost every oftetal wo has investigated the sub- ject. THE VICES OF THE CHINESE A PHANTOM. Witl® regard to the charge that thevices of the Chinese make them a dangerous class, we have tho testimony of the Culifornians themselves, given at a time when politics had not entered into this ques- tion. In 1862 a joint select committee of the Califor- nia Legislature made a report in which these pass- ages occur:—‘It is charged that the Chinese de- moralize the whites. We cannot fiud any ground for the allegation. We adopt none of their habits, form no social relations with them, but keep them sepa- rate and apart, a distinct, inferior race. They work for us; they help us build up our State by contribu- ting largely to our taxes, to our shipping, tarming and mecuanical interests, without to any extent en- tering these departments as competitors. They are denied privileges equal with other foreigners; they cannot vote, nor testify in courts of justice, nor have any voice in making our laws, nor mingle with us in social life, Certainly wo have not to fear trom & race 60 contemned and restricted.” These facts, sir, should be accepted as @ conclusive answer to this charge. 2 With regard to the specific accusation that the Chinese women ure brought here solely for immoral purposes the report just quoted says that this prac- tice “is as abhorrent to their respectable merchauts as itis to us.” And in a memorial addressed to the Presideat in 1876 by the Six Chinese Companies of San Fraucisco these merchants state the case as fol- in getting a large number on board the outgoing steamer; but @ certain lawyer of your honorable nation (said to be the author and bearer of these resolutions against our people), in the employ of un- principled Chiuamen, procured a writ of habeas brought all these women on and the court decided that they dual to oF in this couutry they so desired.” The extent of this evil, abhorrent ag it is, is greatly overestimated. According to the annual report of the Bureau of Statistics the whole number of Chinese women who came to this country during the fiscal year of 1877 was only seventy-six. These, Mr. President, are some of the grounds on which Congress has hastily decided to reverse the established policy of the government and abruptly’ break the faith of the nation as solemnly pledged in the Burlingame ‘Treaty of 1863, In this emergency aud on such a subject we should not take counsel of our fears, but look steudily at facts. The evils which it is predicted will flow from Chinese immigration are not only located in the far off future, but they exisi chiefly in the domain of the imagination. ‘There is no basis for the superstructure of alarm which so many persons are laboring to erect. ‘There is uvt the sligitest: symptom of that Asiatic inunda- tion upon our continent which these people foretell. The geauine American element of the country is not disturbed by these forebodings. The outery against the Chinese springs chiefly from a sual! class not natives to our soil, ‘The original stock which corpus = and shore again; a right carried the thirteen colonies through the Revoiution and organized the government un- the constitulton and has seen it grow from t hree millions to nearly fifty millions of people aud Las weluomed to our shores and tu an eq ticipation in our civil and religious privileges such vast throngs of immigrants from Europe, is uot so demorali by thia trivial sprinkling ot Chinese AMON, Us as to Sanction the violation of treaty obli- gations and set ut naught the traditional principles of the fathers of the Republic. Mr, President, us a member of this Chamber, not less (han as 4 iiielong triend of the lamented Buriingame, 1 should be recreant to my duty did I not enter a solemn protest Bgdinst Wu act of fijustice so monstrous that [can not beliove it will meet with Executive approval. I heartily tetist tut the memorial’ now before the Chamber may receive unanimous support. (Ap: plauxe.) Mk. SCHULTZ's VIKWS. Mr. Jacksog 8. Schuitz presented another view of the question in the flowing speech :— It is not necessary for our purpose to-day that we deuy thas there are Home evils: comm is gration, This city has had some expericnce with that subject, Forthe past twenty or thirty years our prisons aud ow alushouses have been full of that class of cattle, Still we have regarded them as human beings, and lately all our churches combined together to devine means by which they shall ruined to « higher moral standing. That is the way w {that question, Mow do they treat it on the Pacific coast? ‘The ftst offort to check immigration was to charge $30 for yaecination—a mean, misorable subterfuge, by « which they — pro- pose to emigration from China, | believe that a decision of the Supreme Court over- turned that, as it did when we undertook to charge 2 « hoad for iinmigrants for @ more lawful purpose— namely, to protect them against a disease which ht come on thom after a five years’ residence, We have had a sadder experience, ws our county uses will w, but we have never yone to ‘congress to ask that laws on thi rt be repealed, We rather regarded ourselves in the light of mis» sionarics to raise these people up, The Agures thet Mr. Blaine has preseuted are overturned by the figures presented w-day, There are not more than = } 120,000 Chinamen on the Pacific slope. And what is every man interested in public works, will tell you that they are the most serviceable laborers they ever had. Are they paupers? Such # thing as a Chinese pauper is not known, Is that ot experi- ence of irish immigrants? Mr, Blaine makes a grewt point of this. He suys that Chinamen associate to- Patherwitaat they areclannish. I think that would the very thing he would want if they have all the evils connected with them that he claims. (Laugh- ter.) There are a dozen reasons why immigrants coming to any country will associate for a few years, but as the people get acoustomed to them, so that they give them their rights, they are always seattered as the Irish and Germans are with us, I think I can take any gentleman who pts Mr. Blaine’s letter to several precincts in this city and if lecannot more than match it by a large pum- ber—not less than 15,000—I will venture to say we will be safe in giving ‘up this whole question. All the point I want to make is this: Mr. Low says wo cannot in honor do this thing. I put it distinctly on the ground that we cansot aiford to lgse the labor of these immigrants, and in the city of New York we have shown how to treat them. (Applause.) Mr. Charles Watrous next aadressed the meeting. T rise, said he, to say a word bout something whic! does not seem to have been explained. Why is it the people of California take this stand? ‘The. laws’ of California were founded om whet is called “squatter sovereignty.” Peo ple came there, found a gulch containing gold, held @ meeting and. organized a district by which men were allowed to take up so much land and work it under such conditions. As soon as the Chinese began to come in one of their laws was—No Chinese cap be admitted into this district. Now, the Supreme Court of California upholds to this day the laws of squatter sovereignty. The courts of Ne- vada and all the mining districts have upheld this law. No Chinese were admitted into these mining districts. But, after a while, when the land was worked out and men could not make more than $2 or $3 a day, they left and then the Chinese came in. They were prudent, economical and raised vegetables. ‘They improved the land where these people would have done nothing. It is not right to say that they took away work from the others, because the others would not have done it. I have seen them there, with their pantaloons rolled up, toiling away to make fifty cents uday, where no one else would do it. They were ins out to the world what would have been lost yut tor this people. Now, sir, the ery against them is not altogether one of prejudice—it was entirely a political question. Up to the outbredk of the war California almost all the time had _beei under the domination of one political party. The war made ao change. ‘The minority said, “How shall we get back into power?” Some people said, “Why, here are the Chinese, There is & prejudice against them among laboring peo- ple; they were not laboring people; they didn't labor and talk like Kearney. And so the party got back to power. What should the other party do? Equally cowardly they turned round and to do the same thing, and here is the simple fact—to see which of them can say most against the Chinese in order to get the Kearney vote. Now, the Chinese are industrious aud prudent. This I say of my own knowledge. ‘They are subjected to many wrongs. When one of them is arrested he cannot testify, and a dozen white men can go into a camp of Chinamen and rob and plunder and maltreat them in a most outrageous manner, and unless a white man happens to see them there is no redress in the courts. An- other subject. You all understand that the grape culture in California has grown to enormous propor- tions. Whch vineyards were first established tor the purpose of making wine, it was found almost impos- sible to get labor. The owner of the vineyard would make an arrangement with a parce! of white men to pick his grapes. Perhaps in the midst of the pick- ‘season there came a discovery of gold or some ol excitement and these men would leave. hey did not care for his crops or for him. Now, since the Chinamen have come, & man can make an arraugement with twenty hands to stay ard gather grapes during the season. ‘The case las never been ‘nown where & Chinaman made a contract of that kind that he has forfeited hig honor. (Applause.) I venture to say that the wine produce of California would not be one-fourth of what it is if it were not for the Chinese. This whole cry is simply a ques- tion of which party can gain the most votes by de- nunciation of the Chinese—nothing else in the world, (Applause.) THE COMMITTER APPOINTED. Mr. Isaac Phillips, after refefring to an article in one of the evening papers, sald that he thoaght the anti-Chinese bill was opposed to constitutional prin- ciples. One of the causes that led to the Declaration of Independence and which was set forth in that document, was the charge against the King of Great Britain that he had discouraged immizration. There- fore, upon national principles the biil should receive the condemnation ol every man who calls himself an American and a repuvlican. In conclusion he re- newed his amendment for the appointment of a com- mittee. Atter some discussion as to the best mode of sav- ing time in presenting the matter before the Presi- dent, it was resolved to appoint on the committee Messrs. William E. Dodge, 5, B. Chittenden and George Wilson, secretary of the Chamber, who were in Washington, and to telegraph to them the resolu- tions and the instructions ot the Chamber of Com- merce, so that they might act without delay. ie resolution was, therefore, passed in the following torm, after which the meeting adjourned :— Resolved, That these resolutions be embodied in a mo- morial to the President of the United States, duly attested by the officers of the Chamber, and transmitted to Wash- ington without delay; and that Mossrs. William E. Dodyo, S$. B. Chittenden aud’ George Wilson, now in Washington, be acommittee to present the same to the President. A SAN PRANCISCO MASS MEETING. San Francisco, Cal., Feb 27, 1879, A mass meeting called by the Mayor and Board of Supervisors, at the request of the Chamber of Commerce, at Platts Halls, this afternoon, was an imposing demonstration. Long before the doors opened Montgomery street was blockaded by thousands of persons awaiting their opening. Several hundreds, including the vice presidents, prominent citizens and representatives of the press, were admitted by 4 private entrance, filling seats on the platform and in the body of the hall. Shortly before two o'clock the doors were opened, and in five minutes the building was packed to its utmost capacity. Nearly five thbusand persons were in the hall, and as many more were on the street unable to gain agmittance. ‘The platform seats were occupied by leading mer- chants and professional men of the city, and three-- fourths of the audience were composed of substan- tial citizens, while the working men were largely represented. At two o'clock Mayor Bryant called the meeting to order, and after referring to the importance of the occasion and briefly reviewing the story of the anti- Chinese agitation, introduced Governor Irwin as the residing officer. The Governor male a short, ‘oreible address, dwelling upon the magnitude of the occasion and the propriety of calling such a meeting to convince the President of the United States that it was not, as had been intimated by members of his own Cabinet, morely the hoodlum element that de- manded the restriction of Chinese immigration, but the solid =men—property holders and mercantile classos—of California. ‘ ' The Governor then took the chair, and M. D, Boruck, Secretary of the Republican State Central Committee, read resolutions reailirming the resolu- tion recently passed by the Chamber of Commerce raphet to the President. The resolutions re adopted amid the greatest enthusiasm. ‘The following yentlemen then addressed the meet- ing :—Irving M, Seott, of the firm of Prescott, Scott & Co.; Philip A. Roach, A. P, Williams, of the firm of Livingston & Co.; Lieutenant Governor James A. Johnson, Colonel W. H. L. Barnes, William 'T. Cole- mun, the Rev. Dr. Cox, of the Methodist Chareh, and George C. Perkins, President of the Chamber of Com- merce. ‘The speeches were all of a brief and forcible char- acter, dwelling upon the importance to the interests of California of the anti-Chinese bill becoming a law, depicting the @vils attendant upon the influx of an unassimilative, servile race, and the efforts mace by the people of California to obtain a peaceful solution of the question. It was strongly urged that what- ever the action of the President might be the agita- | tion would be kept up to influence Congress, if pos- | sible, to pass the bill over a veto, or, tail- | ing “mm that, to rouse the people of the whole country to an xppreciation of the {m- portance of tho is#ne that will eventually result in obtaining the desired relief, The greatest | enthusiasm prevailed, and not au incident occurred | to mar unanimity of exproseion, except that afow | men in a knot near the rear of the hail indulged in | roans at the mention of Mayor Bryant's nme, | Phay were sharply rebuked by the presiding officer, | and the disturban’e was not repeated. Jn adjourning the meoting Governor Irwin said it | was called for one purpose, and that purpose had | Deon acconiplished. It was to let the President kuow | the true feeling of the people on the, subject under | consid ration. Time alone could tell What its edect might be. It could oniy Le hoped that when the President learned that all classes of people were Unanitnous on the question he would append his sig. nature to the bill, fi THE SAN FRANCISCO CLERGY. Saw Francisco, Feb, 97, 1879, ‘The following has been telegraphed to President Hayes :— We, ministers of various religious denominations in San Francisco, earnestly cntreat you to sign tho Dill for restricting Chinese immigration, firmiy be- heving, a8 we do, that the presence of large numbers of Chinese ou this coast is highly detrimental to the spiritual, moral and material weltare of our people:— WM. INGRAHAM KIP, Npiscopal Bishop ot Cali- fornia, Dr. ELKAN COHN, Rabbi Congregation Emanuel. J. M,C. BURCHARD, 8. J. Dr. H. VIDARERER, Rabbi Congregation Sherith Israel. e iL. B, GALLAGHER, St. Joseph's Catholic Church. A. SCOT, Si. John's Presbyterian Church. K. NOBLE, Plymouth Congregational Church. . GALLAGHER, St. Joseph's Church, JHELM, Rab WARD, BAN FRANCISCO REPUBLICANS, San Francisco, Cal, Feb, 27,1 ‘The Young Men's Ceutral Republican Club, the leading orgavigation of that party in this ety, held a prominent republicans of San Francisco were present. ‘The following was unanimously adopted: Resolved. That the Young Meu's Republican Club of San Francisco hourtily indorse our Senators and Represeuta- fixosin urging the President to sign the Chinese restrictio Qi Resolved, That we consider a veto of the bill a calamity to the people of California, Resolved, That thess resolutions be transmitted to the President of the United States by telegraph, ‘The leading wholesale firms of the city have agreed to close their places of business this afternoon to attend the mass meeting. THE SENTIMENT IN TERRE . HAUTE. (BY TELEGRAPH TO THE HERALD.] Teuue Havre, Ind, Feb, 27, 1879. ‘This city is nearly evenly divided on the Chinese question, but popular opinion expresses itself as autiChinese, although no public meéting has been held on the question, The subject is the every day tall of all classes of society. A fierce controversy is going on among the city newspapers and their cor- Fespoudents ouythe subject, aud those in favor of the Dill think that’ treaty should first be made with China before any action is taken. S A MORMON VIEW OF THY CHINESE. {From the Salt Lake Herala, Feb. 20.] ‘The anti-Chinese Immigration bill is not having the effect that its advocates expected it would have. Instead of being a popular measure it is decidedly unpopular, Where the Chinese had one friend a month ago they now have ten, and their enemies in this country are rapidly grow- ing fewer. If his kind of legislation is persisted in by Congress the moon-eyed heathen will soon be the “big dog with the brass collar.”” Cali- fornia, with her Kearneys, has certainly overdone the thing this time, and will sadly lament her mis- take in urging unconstitutional and illiberal meas- ures for dealing with matter that could have been dealt with honorably and fairly. TOO LATE FOR CALIFORNIA TO SECEDE. (From the Salt Lake Herald, Feb 20.] Some of the California papers are talking of the State seceding from the Union and setting up a little republic within itself. It is too late in the day to even think about such a course, If the Golden State had wanted to do anything of the kind, about. eighteen years ago wonld have been the time. Now the opportunity has forever gone. ANOTHER CALIFORNIA THREAT. [From the San Francisco Call, Feb. 18.] It is now said, although we can scarcely believe it, that the President will veto the anti-Chinese Dill, which has just passed the Sanate. Suppose this should be the case, what will be the next step taken by the inhabitants of this coast, and particularly by California? We have no doubt in this event that in the next Presi- dential election the opponents of the Chinese would nominate an electoral ticket in this State, and, what is more, would elect it. Oregon and Nevada would most likely tollow suit, Such a result with a veto would be almost inevitable, and then the Presi- dential election would go into the House of Repre- sentatives. This would. be the case unless pledges should in the meantime be made by the democratic party to assist in removing this obstacle to our pros- perity. THE NEW BILLIARD RULES. LAUGHABLE RESULTS OF THE FIRSF GAME PLAYED UNDER THEM, AND THE CHANGES SUGGESTED. The large runs made in the recegt billiard tourna- ment by means of ‘nursing’ on the cushions, or “rail” Ddilliards, as the phrase has grown, led to considerable discussion as to the propriety of altering the rules governing games. for the championship, and has been a new set under which it has.been proposed to play the next tournament. The features of the new game are as follows:—A baulk line is drawn in each corner of the table from a point on the end cushion directly in front of the first diamond to a point on the side. cushion di- rectly in front of the second diamond and within the triangular spaces so marked off no “nursing” is allowed. This not only reduces the chances of “nursing” by fifty per cent of the actual measure- ment of the cushions but adds to the difficulty of bringing the balls together on the cushion, which is generally done by a shot around or up andaown the table and terminating in one of the four corners within the baulk lines. A simple carrom, made either directly or with one cushion, counts one; mado with two or three cushions, two; and with four or more cushions, three, Not more than two shots in succession are allowable in the marked off corners, and no shot made upon the second object ball while it is within the baulk lines counts more than one under any cir- cumstances. To avoid scratches, “kiss” shots must be called in advance, and when the balls “freeze” the player has his choice between playing on the free ball directly from where he “freezes” and spot- ting the balls as ot yore. The above, with the “barring” of the three-cushion shot on the lead (which no professional ever played), are the principal rules. ‘The first game played under these rules came off last night between George Slosson and William Sex- ton, at No. 110 West Twenty-third street. It was a friendly contest of 100 points up and elicited much amusement. Neither player was tamiliar with the rules, and the referee who stood with a printed copy of them to refer to, reminded one, when called upon to decide a point, of Dan Bryant as the musical conductor in the ‘Tin- onion. Slosson won by a score of 100to 80. Sexton made the largest score, 24, to 238 for Slosson. The average was in the neighborhood of 5, Slosson be- lieves he can average cight at the new game. Both favor a modification of the rules, so as to have each and every carrom count one. Leaving the baulk lines as they are, counting but one for each shot, and barring the call of the “kiss” shots, both be- lieve would greatly improve the new rules. It is generally agreed that “rail” playing maust cease, because Ddilliard tournaments like other entertainments depend upon the public purse, and people will not pay to witness a game played in an hour or so, in @ very monotonous fashion, and often very one sided, between weil matched players. it is said that whatever the new rules may be it is cortain the ones proj will have to undergo many changes before they will meet with approval. Bili- fard players; both professional and amateur, declare that they are entirely too complicated. BRODSKY-PATTERSON CONTEST. The hearing of tke evidence in the coritested election case in which John K. Brodsky claims the seat in the Assembly now occupied by Daniel Patter- son, from the Eighth district, was continued yester- day at the Metropolitan Hotel. Nine witnesses were examined, and all but one testified that he voted on papers taken out in 1868, The majority did net know for wiom they voted for Assemblyman, and one stated that he voted for Peter Cooper, Patterson and a couple of others whose names he could not re- member, while another said that he voted the straight Tammany ticket, but whether Patterson's or Brodsky’s name was on ithe did not know. The ea- amination will be continued to-da, PASTORAL CHANGES. meeting last evening at which many of the most Right Rev. John Loughlin,’ of the diocese of Brooklyn, yesterday made the following changes in the residences of tho clergymen named:—Rev. | Matthias Farley, curate at the Church of St. Vincent de Paul, Williamsburg, was transferred to the pas- toral charge of St. Raphael's Church, at Blissville, L. L; Rev. E, D, McCabe, third assistant pastor of St. James’ Cathedral, Jay street, Brooklyn, was assigned to the St, Vincent de Paul’s Chureh, in place of Rev, Father Farley. Rev. James Mitchell, who was ordained about a year and a half ago, at Montreal for the diocese of Brooklyn, but who has been officiating since his ordination at St. Patrick's Church, iy the Canadian city named, will in a few days take ing e made vacant by the transter of Rey, Father McCabe, ROMANCE OF THE CUSTER MASSACRE, {from the Chicago Tribune, Poh, 25.) Biamanc, D. 't., Feb. 18, 1879, Colonel Benteen, of the Seventh eavairy, lett the impression in his testimony in the Reno inquiry thai De, Lord and Lieutenant Sturgis, who were with the result’ NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1879.-TRIPLE SHEET. Custer, and whose bodies were not found, might be | still alive and with the Indiaus. Away down in Maine this ray of hope fell upon the heart of a young lady who is in reality, but not in namo, one of the widows of that fatal dash for vindication, here was more in the Colonel's words to her than he iatended. Vor the fifteenth time she wrote to Bismarck pitifully inquiring if there was any possible hope that Bentecn 8 intunation was founded upon fact, answered “No.” Ii Dr. Lord was alive aud in Sitting Hull's camp the Canadian mounted police would have found it out long before this. Major Walsh, who is on the best of terms with the hostiles, and is with them a great deal, has made every effort to discover a survivor. He is @ great admirer of the doad Custer, sud his personal feolings have been heartily enlisted in the vain search, All that he has found ‘has been one horwe of the white-horse company. Dr. Lord may be alive, but it is as improbable as Jules Verne's Vighty-day trip around the world, The lady in Maine, however, has an intuitive belief that he is still alive and she will yet seo him, She reproaches herself for some little thing she did, thinking it seut him off with Custer, aud thut he was indifferent to the con- sequenc Her friend here | THE LAST FENIAN PRISONER. ABRIVAL IN THIS CITY OF EDWARD P. O'KELLY— HIS IMPSMONWENT AND -teTEASE. The last of the prisoners confined by the English government on charges of complicity with the Fenian conspiracy arrived in this city last evening by the steamer Marathon. His name is Edward Peter O'Kelly, and he was sentenced to penal servitude for life in June, 1873, in Dublin, for shooting, with intent to kill, one David Murphy, who was supposed to be giving secret information to the Crown concerning Fenian movements. His release, which was granted on the 12th inst., is coupled with the condition that he is to remain in exile. for the rest of his life, That fact, as wellas his embarkation on the Marathon, were made known in New York through cable despatches to the Henatp, and his friends have for two or three days been anxiously awaiting the arrival of that vessel. Yesterday after- poon about a dozen of them weat down the bay on board the revenue cutter W. £. Chandler and boarded the Marathon off the Quarantine landing. A striking scene then took place. While some of the committee were shaking hands with him his old fellow prisoner, Patrick Tierney, who was Yoleased ‘trom Spike Island about a month ago, mingled with the crowd and called out, “Where is 13,938 ?”” that being the num- berby which O'Kelly was designated in accordance with the English prison system, The newly liber- ated man stood aghast for a moment at being hailed on his entering New York by his old prison title. Ho looked round, exclaiming, “Who calls me like “It's I, 12,901,” said Tierney, stepping forward; and the two comirades exchanged a cordial greeting. A tew words of formal congratulation and welcome were then addressed to O'Kelly by Mr. J. J. Rossiter, chairman of the reception party, after which all re- entered the eutter and proceeded to the landing place ut the Battery, npuching that point at sbout seven THE LAST FENIAN EXILE. Edward O'Kelly was the last prisoner confined in Great Britain on any charge arising out of the Fenian movement. He was bern in Dublin about 1546. He was conuected with Fenianism from an early pe- riod in its history, but escaped arrest until October, 1872. O'Kelly was tried three times. The jury dis- agreed on the first two occasions. On the third, which took place in June, 1573, he was convicted and sentenced to penal servitude for lite by Judge Dowse, who had been the prosecuting officer on his former trials, and who gained much promiuence by defend- 1g tue Fenian prisoners tried in 1865. O'Kelly was ut first imprisoned in Mountjoy Prison; Dublin, but was afterward removed to Spike Island, in Cork Harbor. While here he was treated with exceptional severity. For three anda half years he was allowed no outdoor exercise whatever and was long employed on'laboring work of the hardest description. His cell—one of those. used for refrac- tory prisoners—was ill ventilated, and the utmost change he was allowed was halt an hour's walk od Notwiths - during the last few months. ing his comparative youth, ‘he is at pres- ent quite gray and partially bald, though his friends say he was black haired when he entered prison. His health has picked up a good deal during his voyage, which was long and rough. His conditional release was announced to him on the 12th, and on the 1ith inst. he was placed on board the Marathon, being taken to her from the island in a baat with’ five wurders, He refused to accept any money from the government, and would only accept a steerage passage, being unwilling to incur any obligation at their hands. MR. ERHARDT AND THE MAYOR. Commissioner Erhardt and Mayor Cooper were in consultation in the latter's private office for several hours yesterday afternoon. The purport of the “conversation” between the two officials could not be ascertained. The investigation will be resumed on Monday next. CITY NEWS ITEMS, George English, a sailor, fell from the rigging of the schooner Abbot P. Cranmer, lying at 110th street, or River, yesterday afternoon, and fractured skull. ‘The Metropolitan “L” railway has placed a hospital newspaper box in the hall of the Rector street build- ing. Newspapers dropped in this box will be.distrib- uted in the public hospitals. Robert Eastburn and Patrick Moran were brought betore Justice Duity yesterday tu the Harlem Police Court charged with assaulting their better halves. Patrick and Robert were committed for trial, much to their surprise. The Justice assured the ladies that some time would elapse before their lords and mas- ters would be in a position to cause any further matrimonial unpleasantness. At a meeting of the Board of Managers of the Produce Exchange, yeeenday. Erseidens Edson ap- pointed the following members as delegates to rep- resent the Exchange at’ the sixth.annual Convention of the National Butter, Cheese and Egg Association, to be held in Chieago on March 5, 6 and 7:—J. Joyce, A. H. Turner, Henry Howell, Walter Cor George B. Ferris, D. E. Manton, S. W. Hoyt, Alexan- der Mackenzie, E. P. Post, M. Folsom, P. E. Van Riper, J. G. Sibbald, J.P. Hurli, Rk. R. Stone and Thomas Bombe. Mr. C. G. Thompson, of No. 185 Lexington avenue, made a complaint a few days ago to Captain Murphy, of the Twenty-first precinct, against Delia Stain- thorpe, whom he claimed kept a disorderly house near his residence. On Wednesday night Captain Murphy made a raid upon the premises and arrested Mrs. Stainthorpe and four women, and four men. ‘They were all arraigned before Justice Kasmire at the Fifty-seventh Street Court yesterday. Mrs. Stainthorpe was paroled on a promise to vacate the house within ten days, and the rest of the prisoners were discharged. SUBURBAN NOTES. John Woltman, a Union Hill (N. J.) cigar store keeper, cluims to have been bound and gagged by masked robbers in his place of business, at one o’clock yesterday morning. The police doubt his story. Henry Abbott, fifty-six years of age, of No. Classon avenue, Brooklyn, was arrested last n charged with stealing the sloop Sophia, valued at $800. The vessel was lying in Newtown Creek and in charge of the Sheriff. Ellen Moran, a domestic in the service of William Smith, No. 173 Columbia Heights, Brooklyn, became suddenly insane yesterday morning, and violently attacked her tellow servant, Aunie’ Murphy. Dr. Young believes that Elien is suffering from religious monomania, Edward B. Miller, who has been a patient at St. John's Hospital, Atlantic avenue, Brvoklyn, for sev- eral months, found dead in his be. yesterday morning. Deceased, who died of paralysis of the heart, was formerly a merchant, and resided at Poughkeepsie. A libel was yesterday filed in the United States Dis- trict Court, Brooklyn, against the steamer John Bramall, which stranded on Little Gull Island, L. L., last October, by her owners, the Royal Ex- chauge shipping Owners to have their liabilities lim- ited. The value of the cargo is cstimated at $1,000,000, ‘The trial of John Wilbur, charged with burglary, continued to occupy the attention of tue Kings County Court of Sessions, Judge Moore and associaie judges presiding, yesterday. Detective Murphy tes- tified to buvirly discovered coins, checks aud slip stolen from the flour store of Ibert & Son, at the resi- deuce of the accu: John Gilchrist and Michael Stringham, young men living at Bergen Point, N.J., took a sail on the bay in a small yacht on Wednesday afternoon. ‘The wind and tide got the better of their skill and were rapidly carrying them out through the Narrows, when their cries were heard aboard a schooner near Fort Hamil- ton. When towed to Stapleton the yacht was nearly full of water and would probably have sunk had it got out to ser Mra, Mary O'Leary, @ widow, yostorday caused the arrest of Mr. William P. Cook, @ real estate agent, residing in Middagh street, Brooklyn, on charge of having obtained $2;000 frout her by talse representa- tions, She gave the money to him, she states, to in- ‘and he did not dispose of it as she desired. Mr. Cook, who will have an exainination before Police Justice Walsh, denies the charge. Patrick Murphy, aged forty-tive, an emplo; Lehigh and Wiikesbarre Coal Company, which has ashoot at the Ferry street depot, Newark, N.J., ran on the railroad track yesterday to drive away some boys who were in danger of being run over by the train, In his anxiety about the youngsters ot himself and was struck in the back by the ching train and thrown across the rails of the wide track, The train passed over his body, aliaost eutting him in two. The suit of William 8. Carlisle against Emma W. Yak aud Ada W. ©, Tibbits, to set aside as fraudulent a conveyance made by Mrs, Yale to ber sister, the other defendant, of the Mansion House, on Hicks or $114,000, subject to heavy , was in’ the Supre ings county, terday. plaintift alse the property yo into the hands of @ receiv Gilbert gave judgment for the defendants, and the complaint was Wisinwwed, with coxte. i ‘The officers of the Classon Avenue Presbyterian chu , Brooklyn, ot which Rev. Dr, Joseph T. Dur- ‘en is pastor, met last evening and considered the yond call extended to Dr. Duryea from the Central Congregational Church, of Bgston, and decided wo Tay the matter before the cod\regation ut an varly day. ‘Che first call made to Dr. Duryea was about year mo. He declined it because of the fuancial condition of bis church, wishing to see it raised out of the entanglement of debt. Michael Donahoe, a convict in Sing Sing Prison, re- fuses to work on the ground that his term of im- prisonment has expired. He was convicted in 1872 ot burglary and sentenced to five years’ imprison- ment, hud soon after killed @ fellow prisoner, for which he was condemned to four years’ additional imprisonment. He claims the two sentences ran to+ wether and have expired; but the second sentence states explicitly that his second term should begin on the expiration of the first. This muddled qnes- tiou will come up belore Judge Dykman at White Piains on the Sth of Mareb, 5 —« AMERICAS COMMERCE. Merchants and Manufacturers Advocate ing Its Immediate Extension. Poe ey NeeeEoe MEXICO AND BRAZIL. Importance to the United States of the Trade of Those Countries Clearly Shown, Ameeting of manufacturers and merchants who favor an extension of commercial relations between the United States and South America was held last evening in the hallof the Cooper Union, The at- tendance was not nearly so large as might have been expected. Among those on the plat form were Mr. Zamacona, the Mexican Minister; Francisco Bento, ot Brazil: Judge Dow, of Colo radb; Colonel H. D. Feulkner, B. G. Clark, Charles Benedict, Joseph P. Hale, Abraham Bussing, H. W. Wheeler, J. T, Smith, J. A. Sweetzer, H. D. Smith, H. H. Beadle and Frederick Adler. The meeting was called to order by J. H. Pratt, who, after briefly alluding to the object sought to be attained, nomi- nated for its presiding officer the venerable Dr. Peter Cooper. PETER COOPER'S REMARKS. The nomination having been greeted with ap- plause, Dr. Cooper stepped briskly forward and spoke as follows:—We have met, my friends, to consider and adopt the proper means to promote and extend our friendly commercial relations with all the South American States. We are sure that their soil and their climate will always enable them to produce many articles that our péople would gladly take from them in ex- change for any of the surpius products of our own country. To advance this great commercial ine terest it is proposed that an expedition similar to the one that lately visited Mexico shall be or- ganized to visit some of the South Ameri- can States, There are gentlemen present who have lately returned from a visit to Mexico, who will give you an account of the very extraordinary kindness and attention they received from the government and the people of that country. Iam sure from the character of the noble man who rules in Brazit that our efforts to establish closer commercial relations with that country will be com dially reciprocated there. MINISTER ZAMACONA, Mr. Zamacona, on being introduced to the aude ence, said that he was gratified to see that the public mind had, within the past year, been much enlight- ened regarding the government of Mexico, and that public seutifuent in this country was becoming more friendly toward the Mexigan people. ‘Tho gratifying stage which the discussion on the question of increased trade between the two coun- tries had reached was mainly due to the enlighteument on the subject which had been scattered broadcast by the press of the United States. In regard to the feel- ing of the Mexicuu yovernment and people he would declare without reserve that the goverumeut and the people sympathize with all their heaxts with the object the meeting had in view. They were deter- mined by every possible etfort to establish more in- timate relations with this country. The drawback heretofore was that both countries lacked sufficient knowledge of each other. Mr. Zamacona produced a letter from the Depart- ment of Public Improvements in Mexico, and trans- lated it to the audience. It set forth that the govern- ment of Mexico had fixed the opening of an industrial exhibition for January 15, 1880, and that the erection of the building would be conimenced immediately. It is intended tor thejexhibition of North and South ‘American products. The letter suggested to Mr. Zamacoua that the United States might at once make application for such space as they will require in the Exhibition. Continuing his remarks Mr. Zamacona said that he considered the Piiladelpnia Exhibition as the start- ing point of anew era of commercial intimacy be- tween Mexico and her sister republic. It the ovject of the meeting should be carried out he hoped that the day was not far distant wheu in the City of Mex- ico thore would be established forever a commercial treaty between the United States and Mexico, and thus the ideas of progress and advanced civilization of this country would be extended to his people. ‘THE SOUTH AMERICAN TRADE. Zi Mr. John Landsinan said that the trade of South America amounted to $50,000,000 annually, and the share which fell to this country was so in- significant that it scarcely deserved mention. If we consider that some of the nations of South Americ are in a high state ot civilization and are geo- graphically our neighbors, the question arises, “Why don't we do a larger trade with them?’ Before the war this nation was smaller and produced fur less than it produces now, though our trade with Europe was much larger before the war than itis now. During the contest for our national existence rebel privateers swept our commerce trom the ocean. Now we ure no louger able to consume what we produce, and the time bas come when the country must look abroad for a market for its ¥urplus productions, and thus give employment to the thousands of our workingmen who are now idle. Mr. Landsman was more familiar with Brazil than ‘any other country in either Central or South Ames rica, having been interested in the establishment of steain communication between Great Britain and the Amazon Valley. We ought, he said. to be able to do @ business with Brazil of trom $100,000,00 to $150,000,000 annually. To give an idea of the vast- ness of that trade, he said that one Englisit com- pany employed torty steamships, while the United States employed only two. As @ commercial city of this continent Rio Janeiro is second only to New York. We buy of Brazil $42,000,000 annually, while we sell only $5,000,000, ‘Tue reverse of this ought to be true. APERCH OF GENERAL WHITING, ‘The next speaker was General Whiting, of Chicago, one of the gentlemen who recently visited Mexico. He said that, while Mexico is not a paradise, the country is not unsaie. Its civilization will compare favorably with ours. The educational institutions a erfect. There is only one obstacle to increased ti with Mexico—the order to General Ord to cross the frouticr. ‘This insult Mexicans would resist; but, if it wore rescinded, they would be ready and willing to offer us the right hand of tellowship. At the conclusion of General Role speech @ letter was read from Sefor Salvador Mendoza, Consul General of Brazil, the gist of which was that if Americans wished to establish trade with Brazil they must be able to supply the Brazilian markets a& cheaper rates than anybody clse can supply them, THY RESOLUZIONS. Mr. W. G. Andr-ws then read the following resolu- tions, which were adopted :— f the various industries of nation one of the largest 3 vas the skill of emanutactures and prod ty to produce; therefore . That a wise and patriotic policy demands our efforts toward the discovery of new fields of trate pg the nations earth, Resolved, That it is our duty to encournge frequent rapid invercommunication with sue nations ws ume oducts, and especially with those of our own con- Sived, That the recommendation of our Secretary of in his reeent report submitted by the Chief Magie cmber 19, 1878, ty establish au effi- stem between the United 81 au dovigring that it is obviously the dictate of interest and duty oa the part of our goverment to. pro niote by every Just and appropriate menns the desired ex- South Anoriew, pansion of oar comm wets with our hearty approv awe will sustuin oUF Senators and Reprosontatives ts Hongrese iy per measures adopted by them in fur therance of wived, T ihe Chairman of this meeting appotnt eowinittos of whose duty is shall b some plan of action which shall aim to promote o ospecinily with the nations of our We ‘The committee is as follows:—B. G. Clark, of the Lackawanna Coal and Iron Company ; J. A. Sweetzer, of Durking, Milliken & Oo.; W. [rving Adaima, of the Scoville Manufacturing Company; H. W. Wheeler, of Wheeler, Parsons & Hays; A. C. Rand, of the Lattin & Rand Powder Company; H. H. Bendle, of the Meriden Cutlery Company ; D, Ropes, of the Hard Rubber Company; W. H. Popbain, of W. H. Pophauw & Co., and Louis Holines, of Fuller, Warren & Co. SHERE ALIS MISSION. {From the Pall Mail Gaxette.) General Kautmanu's account of the Russian mis- sion to Cabul given to the correspondent of the New Youk Heratp certainly reduces ‘the object of that now famous embassy to very small proportion». ‘Though Russia was anxious to take the initiative a Cabul, in view of @ possible difference between Bn. land ind herselt in Europe, the mission was, after sl. visit to a neighvbor—notuing more.” It was T in fact, intended to break through the eugagepent with respect to Afghanistan except by way of diver sion, This is all very well; but ral Kaufman pe eful assurances scarcely accord with the list erms proposed to Shere Ali at a yet varlier date, whieh would have converted the Afghan rule? into # & mere feudatory of Russia, learned by this time, we may these diravowais at their real worth. Central Asia are only to be recognized when eireum- Stances have rendered them Wiolly successttl, ab other times they are to be stoutly denied, but we are now advised from Genefal Kaufmann’s own lips that the intention was to make use of Afghapis(aa in the event of hostilities in Europe. then, be- comes of the “large seale map” theory? If is need+ less, however, to refer to that, for the aaghor hi self has long since most effectively denounced own view. We have