The New York Herald Newspaper, July 22, 1873, Page 4

wmoated In Berope, end who managed this ‘en they Dave done” to the Bpantards and the Turks. not know What'to‘mate of tt. Of the fret introduction of Persia vo the took Ex- CAUsB3 OF THE WAR. change, and thes all at once there will be « talk of ‘White ‘Mr. Charles Murray was being badgered dividends in arrear end repudiation. It might be and perplexed in this fashion he felt, unfortunately, | also'as well, too, if: widows, balf-pay oMoers and undér the Influente of a Maltese namod Stevens, who | trustees, who'are gefierally victimized in these had been appointed by the Fereign Office, for some |} cases, would reflect, ‘before it ts too late, that reason known to themeeives, to the sinecure post | Peraia-ts @ very poor’ country. The little money of Bnglish Consul at Teheran. The family of this | Chat there is-tn itis buried away for fear of Maltese Hud several times played an objectionable | the government, and certainly no Persians will part English history. It'was ole Stevens, a tip- | place the smallest confidence tn any security staff, Who had illegally seized the famous sea cap- | guarantced by thelt own government. The great- tain, Lord’ Cochrane, who had gone to Malta inorder | est part of Persiais a parched and uncuitivated to ascertain how the Admiralty Court, sitting in'that | desert. It has. no commerce worth men- hot ‘ttle island, had contrived to bring ‘him tm | ‘tion, and the population is scarcely mumerous debt forcapturing the enemy’s ships at sea. They | enough to render railways remanerative. The had replied to his’ investigations by ordering | cost of making tron roads over almost impassable Stevens, their bumbalitff, to arrest him. Stevens | mountains and stony plains will be immense, and did ‘so, bat Lord Cochrane escaped from his | everything required to make them, from the labor- clutches in a verv @exterous manner, amid the | ers tothe steam engines, must be brought by land laughter of the British feet. Mr. Oharles Murray | carriage, on the backs of mules snd paek horace was either less Clever or less lucky; and Stevens, | from abroad. Nor will managing men of the right having Once got hold of him, would in no wise let | stamp be very anxious to take places tn Persia. him! go.’ The n' ‘iad @ brother, who had also | The climate is abominable, and 60 unfavorable to been in Persia and bad committed an act of bank- | the health and vigor of the European and American rupwy there, It would not have mattered muob, | race that after'a short residence there they are in- but that he had mixed himself up with a near rela- | variably attucked with dysentery, which commonty tive Ofte Persian Prime Minister, from whom he | proves fatal, avd their hair falls of, their tooth had borrowed a latge’ sum ‘of money, and ‘when’| drop out or decay, and they are racked by fever called upon to pay he had declined or been unable | andague. itis ali very well to say that Dusinoss todo so, Thismade the Prime Persian Minister | men will do anything for money. So they will; bat very angry, and, ultimately, Mr. Charles Murray | a sensible man will want a good deal of it to do had to haul down tis fag and to make the best of | Baron Reuter’s work for him, and hjs shareholders his way with Stevens to Bagdad. can only expect the riffraf and sweepings of the ‘The Britigh government were at first extremely | labor market upon anything, like the usual torms, annoyed at having a costly and annoying littlo | It ta quite true that ‘living was formerly war thrust upon them; but 8 many British mili: } cheap in Persia, and perbaps 1t 1s still 0 tary officers desired. actiye employment and pro- | as compared with the prices of New York, Paris motion, and as there were some lucrative pickings | and London; but it will be cheap only so long as for the Foreign OMice agents in & war, they were | foreign consumers are Kept, a8 they have been soon reconciled to what had happened, Ships and | hitherto kept, out of the country, by the difiiculty. troops were sent down to the Porsian Gulf; armies | of getting into it. Teheran 1a more than & thousand ‘were mhatered on both aides, and the final upshot | miles by land irom Trebizond, the nearest seaport of the business was seen on the plains of Mohumra, | to Europe, and the journey must be performed on when the wild rabble of horsemen whom the Per- | horseback, through pathiesa roads and over moun- sians brought into battle went down before the | tains which cannot be passed without extreme. English swords like corn before the sickle.. The | danger and diMculty. During balf the year they, names of Sir James Outram, Sir Henry Somerset | arc covered by snew; for three months more they and the Marquis of Lothian were heard formo- | are perilous from mud and slush. Ip the hot sea- ment on the lips of Fame, then all was still till | son the sun ana the cast wind beat pitiloasly on somebody thought of the Honorable Charles Mur- | the traveller. There are no inns on the way, oF Mi was residing in remarkable retirement at | nothing but a few empty and desolate barns and Bi . posting houses, which swarm with vermin and HEARS OF eee eae ae afford nothing but @ dubious shelter. The, wild There was a very grand treaty of peace after the | trineg on the frontier between Turkey and Peratans had been beaten, and it was stipulated | porsia are always in movement, and wander that\ Mr. Charles Murrey should have @ public’! anout in armed bands thousands strong, They. entry into the Persian capital, from which he had fre ferocious.and filthy robbers, Woe to tho enug been expelled. He had a public entry; and avery railway clerk or well fed. engineer of plump and odd thing it was. ‘The Persians sent some tall | rouy aspect who falls into their hands, Some horses for him and his suite, The great dignitaries yeara ago they caught an English attaché (a Mr, of the Kingdom mét nim at a respectful distance Tod) and ate up bis pomatum.. What was worse from the city gates, and accompanied him back to for him, they made him eat ome of it too, and the British Mission, where they smoked a pipe with stripped. him naked, tied him. to, a horse’s tall 1 him. ‘Then the Prime Minister, poking the air with pricked him up behind with, spear’s point when hus forefinger, made an Mmmodest joke, and went | », flagged and witimately held him to. ransom. about his business with his tongue in his cheek. | paron Rentor’s friends will be a rare prise for the The next day or the day after he asked again for Koords, e of whom, by. the way, are worsh! the money due to his relative from the Malteso 9) REA LO ene eae ba Stevens, and the Foreign Office agents wero pore of spee) (Then, M the Gnsliah eneenipsars, obliged to send one of their safest customers (the Ore ever allowed £9: 69640 -thale lonrnayis and their comfort’ will be amall., Until the,railways are late ‘Mr. Keith Edward Abbott) as Commissioner to made (an end of the business which will hardly Tehetan, to hush that'‘matter up. It was hushed come about in the present. century) everything ba rover Lod Bngtand ained by her latest which constitutes the comfort of a civilized house- It ty probabio that the Shah himsott tiad and atin | Me renee oe era an on will be olliged to has s very indistinct idea of what happened. The | oy @ dozen. servante naa hells Gotmane Prime Minister of the day told niin somé cock and | poitner of which articles. are “cheap or cl 8 bull story, and he believed it. His Majesty was and upon the whole sggestaraees ilar requested to pardon the British Minister and re- | op higher in Persia than even in Not store him to favor. He did 80; he bad no idea that | unger » thousand pounds sterling Scie maiespeoraed his troops had been scattered like chaff In the | 5 tamuy decentiy; and to.go to: Persia for mataos wind, ‘There are no newspapers, no public | victunis end drink, without being able tosave 8 speeches in Persia; nothing but a great deal of dollar, would be a poor business, indeed. There 1s gossip in the bazgara, and it would have been un- no nietaki ‘abo cane dabenlecheet eotiiteltag rand safe for any of the purveyars of it to speak of moving about in Persia, and. tents, cooks, aed Mongitee TOE SHAR aT HOME. tent pitchers, interpreters, ood and wine are not Tho Uttle dark man im spectacies, about whom | © be had and carried about for nothing. There is, so miuoh fuss nas been made, was, and stilt is | deed, a certain queer sort of respect paid to the likely'to be for a short time, a very terrible person Frank in Persia. For inatance, sn soldiers pre- indeed upon his own tertitory, There tone one tn | SeDts arms to every map who anny “YUU oppose him—no middie class, no nobility, oo rich nat, under the belief that he is a foreign ambassa- men; for the theory of the Persian law dor or one of his suite; but the fanatic Sniites, or ‘a wet His Majesty) is the universal | beretical Mohammedans, will not allow a Christian heir of everybody fn his dominions, | t enter their pablio baths lest he should defile Every’ one’ who holds any sort of power them. They will mot drink out of a.cup or agiass or authority is merely @ creature of the Shah’s which he has used or sit upon @ carpet after him, breath. He could make a Prime Minister out of a THE COURT OF PERSIA. water carrier by a word and hurl him down as | ‘ThoPersien court is the most brilliant in Asia, easily)’ His wrath 1s altogether a surprising thing eand if any one desires to know more precisely to modérn nations. Now and then he causes some | What that may mean, in the present day, tt may be solemn lobking Khan to be seized and tied with his | PFiely described. When foreign envoy is about tace tea donkey's tail. “In this pitiable plight he is | * 0ay’s Journey from the capital he halts his cara- marched about the capital, and his mouth is flied | V8%, and fifty-three of the principal omlicers with human excrement at every street corner. of the court go on horseback to welcome ¢ THE LATE PRIME MINISTER. him and to conduct him to Teheran. They ‘The Persian Prime Minister who insisted on | 8f@ very well mounted, but will not sell any having his relatives’ money from the Maltese | Of their best horses to the Franks. In Persia a Stevens ‘was one of the most vigorous-minded Ori- man’s rank is estimated by the size and height of ental statesmen who has been seen for some gen- erations. His rule was very firm, and predigert horses of the Tarcoman breed, splendidly capart- whole beneficent. He rose to great wealth and au- soned, with golden bite and saddle cloths wrought thority; for the Shah, after a short trial at the be- | With embroidery and precious stones. Each mag- ginning of his reign, never interfered with state | D&te hase cloud of armed servants mounted be- afaira. However, notwithstanding his ability and | Dind him, and these fellows gallop round and resources, ne was out down to nothingness ina | Found tn circles to show off their horsemansbip. Bingle day. All his connections were seized and ‘Their horses’ tails and their own beards are often subj 4 to horrible tortures. dyed a bright red, like to nothing in nature. Their Few of the publc men in Porsis have escaped hair isalso dyed from their earliest youth with a the stick, and they actually seem to like it, Itisa mixture of indigo and nenna. Most of the court terrible panishment, consisting of blows with dignitarics wear the star of the Order of the Lion stout sticks, Wieldéd by stout arms and applied to and the Sun, @ decoration first invented by Sir the soles of the feet. It makes the very nails of | Jin Malcolm, an English general, who did good them fall off, and obliges the sufferer to keep his | S&FVice in Porais till the Foreign Office sent one Sir bed (or rather his carpet) in a recumbent position | John Harford Jones, an opposition envoy, to for weeks or months, Nevertheless it carries no | ‘awart him. a with it, and @ Persian Minister, once When the new Ambassador has been duly speaking even in private with @ British Envoy, | escorted to his residence according to custom the said meaningly, “The Shah is a very great king; a | Courtiers send him presents of fruit, money, loaves very great king indeed. Look at my feet?” There ofsugar, teaand sour cream. Shortly afterwards was not @ nail upon either of them. he is admitted to the presence of the King of Kings. Not long ago the Shah used himself to sit in Juag- ‘The Shah receives him in @ rambling, desolate ment after the fashfon of David and Solomon. By | building, very little better than barn in a civil- simple, horizontal motion of the right hand he | 10d country, and says ® few words, of course, to ordered peopie’s heads to be cut off by the dozen, | him, his Mintaters looking gravely on the while. and one of his courtiers sagactously observed that | Nothing of importance passes at the interview, he always felt his head: to know if it was really | Which lasts about ten minutes, and then the Am- on when he quitted the royal presence, | bassador returns on horseback, as he came, to his One day, however, when the Russian Ambassador | OW0 residence. He does not see much of the Shah received an audience to present his credentials a | Sfter that, unless he requests an audience on blooay head rolled under his feet and so startled | 80me special occasion. There are no court fes- him that he begged such sights might not be forced | tities, no invitations to dinner except upon some on him again. Since then the Shah does his killing g@reatevent. It must be admitted that when such privately—but he does it. ‘Some years ago he had | Mvitationsdo come they are well worth accepting. a culprit cat into forty pleces. There 1s really no | When the Shah prociaimed his second son heir to Jaw in Persia but his wili, and this energetic sover- | the throne there was a very grand banquet. All the eign 1 the potentate whom Europe has delighted | “!Dlomatic corps were present, and feasted with to honor, the Ministers in @ room apart, the Shah dining REASONS FOR THE HONORS PAID TO THE sHan mx | ONE, likeasuperior being, asheis. After dinner— EBUROPR. which took place im broad daylight at an early It is generally understood that the Shah of Persia | hour, and which, by the way, was abominably bad, is merely @ curiosity which is being exhibited by | and served in the Russian fashion—the diplomatic Baron Reuter to enable that shrewd person to | Corps were entertained with a Persian play, per- float certain railway and other schemes, for the | formed entirely by men, and which was the most realization of which the Baron has received the | sstonishing exhibition conceivable. Nothing most extraordinary concession ever granted to a | probably had been seen like it out of Persia since the financial speculator. It does not really matter | destruction of Gomorrha. A good deal of wine, much, for the concession can be and | especially of indifferent champagne, was drunk certainly will be cancelled as easily as | during these proceedings, and toasts were pro- it was given, and the silly business has been so | posed and honored in the same way as elsewhere, Much talked about that itis necdiess to insist | Then there'was a brilliant display of freworks; upon i again. It will probably suit the tarn of | but the Persians sre an early people, Baron Reuter and his friends; then by and by we | Sud all the court festivities were over shall hear that there are endless wrangles abon? | ®t about ten o'clock. If the court it, till tm due time the British shareholders and } °f Persia, however, wears but a dingy look on gala workmen will be bundled neck and crop out of the | duJ8 it ts still more dingy at other times, There country together. However, the Shah isa promis- | {s nv Court dress, no splendor belonging to it, ing subject at present. Heis unquestionably the | Whenever the Shah sends for one of his subjects absolute ruler and master of his country, and he | that sabjeyt 1s bound to rush off at once to the has@ legal right to pledge and alienate its re- | royal presends, Whatever he may be doing, and sources, @t least, during his lifetime. After that | courtiers appear QUt of breath and covered with Baron Reater’s concession will be waste paper. | dust from the hasté vey bave made to obey the The Shab, however, hae certainly got hold of the | royal mandate. The expenses Of the Shah’s house. Tight end of the stick. He i#® Very parsimonious | bold are not great, He cad hardly spend more prince, and tookexcelient care to have his travel- | than twenty-five or thirty thosand pounds Ung expenses paid by his showmen before he set | ($150,000) a year for the support df himself and his Out on his travels, He got, it is said, about | wives, with all their attendants, His 2ndergon (or two bandred thousand pounds for his trip, | harem) is very poorly kept and the ladied have ous itt not Lxely that Baron Reuter will | been known to complain that they had not enough ll ry Persia has no na,| toeat. They are also ill dressed. The Sheh him- peo ~ Shab i about to ereste one, | selfisaspare eater. A little rice and ronat, with pen per tty 'y Deopie like to fancy they will get | some sherbet and a couple of stews, comprise the abe Per cent for thetr money, and will | whole of his daily fare. In his own country he ae eagerly on these terms to the Persiang ' drank no wine, bat haa gone to she his horse. The Persian magnates all ride tall | ORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JULY,,22, 1873--TRIPLE. SHERI, - bad in this respect since he went abroad. It ts said that he got his Bngitsh doctor, Bir Joseph Dickson, to order him fermented liquors medicinally, and the Doctor has just been knighted for his readiness to understand # tint. As the Shab has been reigning tow since 1848, and spends 80 Uttle money, he must have imménse savings, for his revenues, of which he has the uncontrolled dis- posal, exceed two millions sterling yearly. He is very avaricious aedgrasping. Toere must be an enormous treasure hidden away somewhere. Per- haps the Russians will get it when they sack Tehe- ran, as they certainly will do, some day or other. ‘TRHERAN 48 A RESIDENCE. It would be diMcult to imagine ® more desolate Place of abode than the capital of Persia. [t is 8 straggling collection of houses, rarely more than one story high, and there is no part of the city, if it can be called a city, which deserves the name of @street or asquare. There are no places of pub- lic amusement, no butidings of any importance. ‘The money whieh should or might have gone to make ‘Teneran habitable wm ail in tho Shah's pocket. Indeed, it would bein the highest Gegree dangerous for a Persian to live in such manner as to tudicate to his govermment that he ‘might be squeezed with good results, Now and then a sly person treats himself to soft’ carpets and ‘okoate food, and he hangs 8 few flawed and genc- tally worthless jewels about his womankind; but he takes care'to preserve an appearance of the ut- ‘most squalor outside His lionse, in order that his fuxurious mode’of life may at least attract no at- tention. There is indeed no way in which money can be spént in Tehran. ‘There ts no social life theré—no parties, no balls, no park or prater or promenade, When s man has bought a few shawls and made them into long robes, when he has got together halfa dozen horses and a few wives, thero ia practically the end of bis tether, He may multi ply hia female establishment if he chooses to do 60; but he-very-eeldom does choose to do it, because a custom exists of taking wives upon lease, or mar- rying for @ definite period. Conéubinage, in tho sense Of a disgraceful intercourse between tho sexes, 18 almost. unknown in Perais, ‘The Ma- hometan religion allows of four wives to begin with, and these wives are divorceable upon eusy Conditions and fora variety of reasons. Then & Persian may contract 4s many “legalized” mar- riages as he pleases. That is to say, he may take up ladies at short dates and get'rid of them for 4 trifing pecuniary sacrifice, a8 soon as they become too numerous, or he has'not room enougtf in his house for them, or whenever théir presence he- comes in any way inconvenient to him.’ Therefore his establishment frequently changes without in- creasing materially in the namber of persons whom he*has to maintain at the same time. These arrangéments, of course, have a marked effect in weakening family ties and utterly destroy heredi- tary rank and property. A Persian genticman may sometimes count tits children by the hundred, and one of the predecessors of the present Shalt left nearly four hundred of his recognized offspring when he died. Some of them made their way in the world and became Prince Governors of prov- inces; some wandered about’ the country a8 utter beggars. Persian children, as a rule, have no claim on thelr parents, and tum- ble “up anyhow with few clothes and no education, which materially diminishes the expenses of ® family man. A Persian generally marries‘at about fourteen years of ago, or as s00n as he arrives at the age of puberty. If his family are in good circumstances and care anything about him Bis mother probably presents him with one ot het maids, and there is a legtlized marriage, terminabdle'at will between them. The result of these early marriages is very noticeable. ‘The pas- sions being allowed absolutely free play, and being neither unduly excited and prematurely forced by highliving and strong drivks, or repressed by any considerations of conventional morality or local custom, produce & race of men and ‘women nearly all of the same height and size. A natural phe- nomenon is very Beldom seen among them, There are few of'no very tall or very short people; sickly and deformed children, chitdren with six fingers or 1X tues, ahildren subject to fits or infirmities are almost unheard vr. « Parsian has no need to head up money te provide for nia: gemily. He knows that they will always find enough rice and motons to satisfy their hunger, and he leaves the rest to chance, He may dress them, and his wives also, if he pleases to amuse himself, in some scraps of red and yellow sa:in; but there is no public rivalry in dress or equipage between families, There are no wheel carriages to flaunt fine feathers about; no tailors’ and milli- ners’ bills to pay. If a Persian likes to dress his wives gayly, he only does so for his own satisiac- tion; and they remain, nevertheless, shut up, or are supposed to remain shut up, in the auderoon or women’s apartment, far from the eye of enter- prising man. As @ matter of fact, however, tle Persian ladies are terrible gadabouts, and in this respect they present a remarkable contrast to the « ‘8 Persian woman on lease. He charged her with the theit which she had not committed, and she suspected one of his servants, who was equally gulltiess. Being determined to clear herself, how- ever, she enticed the suspected servant into her apartments, and shortly afterward horrible yells proceeded from it. She and her maids had thrown the man down, trassed him like a fowl, and then Placed 8 pan of burning charcoal beside him, in which they heated a puir of tongs. With this in- strument they began to take pieces out of his body, adjuring bim to confess as they did so, He was at last got out of their hands more dead than alive. PEBSIAN WOMEN are kept very Much like dogs in Europe, A room or an apartment is allotted to them. They are leit alone there and fed scantily at fixed hours. All tho wives of an establishment never live together, for they would certainly ight if they did so. Some- times, but very rarely, two of them agree well enough to keep company, bat {t Is generally found safer and quietor to lodge them apart. The best Persian houses are little better than the stabled at an inn. The worst are more abominable than the kennels of 9 dog fancier. They are a very dirty people. They have no domestic conveniences; no windows, no doors that will shunt, The houses @ro usually built of @ Kind of friable mad, and sometimes room or two of them Js washed away at a time by a heavy rain; and the walls are liable to be first split up and then shaken down by earth- quakes, which are very frequent all over Persia. The furniture used by the richest. people is very mean and ecaniy, A few cushions and carpets, & few door curtains, afew looking glasses, @ little crockery, make up tho gam of i. There are no tables, n0 chairs, no hedateads, no wardrobes, no pictures or ornaments, though sometimes the whitewasved Walls are prettily painted. Svery one, from the Shah¢to tho muleteer, squats on his hams and eats with his Angora,» They have no fixed hours for lying down or rising up. Thoy are awake at all hours and asloep at all hours, During the Winters, which are very se- vere, they may be generally found rolled up like dormice, near & pan Of charcoal, and inthe Sum- met they never seem to have done with ajwater- pipe or amelon, Every house 1s as tull.asa@ rab+ bit warren, with servants and the servants of those servants, The master of the house calls them all indiscriminately ‘“badja,”’ which signifies “children.” Though there is no soctal litre consist- ing of balls and dinner parties in the Persian cap- ital, there is a great deal of ceremontous visiting ; and Persian visits are interminable, lasting threo or four hours at a stretch. The estimation in which a guest is held is marked by the length of time the host retains him, and ho is crammed with sweetmeats and deluged with tea before he 1s al- lowed to depart, fa person of any consequence. First comes a water-pipe with a gold/and jewelled mouthpiece, which the guest usually brings with him, and which 1s presented by one of the five or six servants who accompany him on his visit. A junior attaché or an indian lieatenant of native infantry would hardly go abroad with less than five attendants, After the frst kaleon, or water-pipe, tea is served, sometimes in very delicate porcelain cups; then sweetmeats made of gum and sugar, colored with the juice of the melon or the pome- granate. They are very good. After them comes more tea and more pipe. A visitor of consequence ig seldom let off till’ he has drunk at least four cups ofstrong tea without milk, milk being a rare com- modity in Persia, and seldom taken in @ liquid form. If the visitor {sa Frank he has no sooner left the | house of the Persian who has received him with such extravagant demonstrations of respect than the cup from which he has drunk is broken, be- cause his lips are supposed to have defiled it, and the carpet upon which he was seated is hung out in the air to purify or huddled away out of sight till some other Frank comes to use it again. Meantime the Frank, unconscious of the abhor- rence with which he is viewed by the fanatic Shutes around him, probably considers himself a very mighty man indeed. As he passes through the bazaars he is hemmed in by his servants. Toree of them precede him and two walk behind. They onvaerry SUCKS, ANd the SCrvanw nn ware before’him call out in @ terrible voice, “Sahib! Sahib! Sahib!’ and ply their sticks briskly on the local shopkeepers? snoulders to clear the way for him. Now, Sahib means “moosoo,” aa nearly as it can be translated, or “foreign gentreman,” and it would be a most curious and instructive sight to observe the effects which would be caused upon the traaesmen of New York or London 1! a foreign gentleman were to march down Broadway or Bond street accompanied by grooms who beat them out of bis way and cricd, ‘‘Moosoo!" as who should say “Messiah!” Moreover, it must be observed that only a very @mall swell indeed will walk about with only five servants, or condescend to walk at all. The Shah sometimes rides abroad with 15,000 Turkish women. Even at Constantinople, where there is so large an influx of foreigners, a love affair: between a Frank and @ Turkish woman is almost if not quite impossible; and whenever it does happen by some extraordinary chance (such a8 an abuse of confidence on the part of a Frankish physician who may have been admitted into the harem), it is nearly always followed by murder. The Persian ladies, however, have no scruples at all in their dealings with foreigners, and no sooner has @ smart young attaché or Indian officer arrived at Tehran than he is pursued by letters thrust'into his hands in the streets and declaring inthe choicest language that he is a pearl, a pomegranate, a rose, & star, and that a lady whois dying for him would be glad ofa shaw! worth fifty tomans and burns to have a private interview with him. Some of the Shah’s wives play these tricks, for shawls are among the current coins of Persia and the merchants buy them back at a fixed price, scarcely differing more from the first cost of them thana French or Austrian bank note after it has passed through the hands of a money changer. The poetical love letter therefore merely Means that the sender is in immediate want of ‘about five and twenty pounds and ts ready to come toany terms for it. Now, if the young attaché or Indian officer, being moved by too much youth and reading or by divers romantic fancies, 1s disposed to fall violently in love with a lady whom he has never seen upon the strength of an epistle which has been penned by her meerza (a servant kept for literary pur- poses), this is commonly what happens: The first time he goes out he will meet an old woman, who ‘will sign to him to follow her into some unfre- quented part of the town, and presently the lady who is bent upon his conquest will pasa by, rapidly uncover her face and disappear. after ‘that he will be able to recognize her, and when he comes home in the evening from his constitutional tide he will probably find crouching somewhere about his stables a bundle of rags containing a fe- male voice, which whines piteously for alms. Hisser- vants, who know very well what is going on, will tell him mysteriously that this is a poor beggar woman, and she will follow him into his house, crying aloud horse; and when one of bis provinces has displeased him he and they travel down to it by easy stages and eat it up, They lit- erally consume every edible thing that they can ‘wring or tortare out of the population, and when Gil the offenders are reduced to a state of starva- tion they tide away again. An ordinary Persian official, riding out to garden within sight of the capital, will often have as many as a bundred | mounted and armed foHowers with him; and when a Knan pays a visit the neighvorhood of his host’s house looks like an encampment. All the splendor of the Persians is confined to horses, servants and water-pipes. Some of THE EUROPEAN MISSIONS at Teheran keep up a fitful a: tempt at party-giving: and a vory awkward thing it ts to go to the parties which they give. The streets, or rather lanes, of the capital are neither paved nor arained nor lighted, ana they are full of deep holes. Some years ago an English ‘envoy, being very ill witn dysen- tery, introduced the first Sedan chair as a means of locomotion; and the fashion might have been fol- lowed, but the Persian priesthood opposed it, un- expectedly declaring that it was impious to employ true believers as beasts of burden for the use of infidels. Yet te Persians are anything rather than true believers from the Mohammedan point of view, all the orthodox Mussulmen looking upon them as pestilont heretics, In point of fact they have no religion at ali; but nominally they are Shiltes, a sect of dissenting Mohammedans who con- sider Ali, the fourth Caliph, as the rightful successor of the Prophet, and regard his three pre- decessors, Abukeur, Omar and Othman, as usurpers, which is much as {fpersons calling themselves true Catholics were to doubt of the apostolic succes- sion. However, orthodoxy and heterodoxy having been shrewdly described as “the difference be- tween your doxy and my doxy,” and the Persian priesthood steadily affirming, for valid reasons, not unconnected with endowments, that their faith is the only one by which salvation may be gained, it {s certain that when they forbade the use of Sedan chairs, those conveniences promptly disap- peared from circulition, and people returned to the ancient custom of riding about by day and by for charity. Once inside, however, a singular change takes place in her appearance, She throws off her rags as suddenly as Columbine in the trans- formation scene of a pantomime and stands before him confessed as the lady of the letter, who wants @ shawiofdefinite value. She is usually a queer cua- tor and opens proceedings by laying her hands on every article of portable property within reach, intending to carry it of with her. She is littie better than a young savage in wide satin trousers and nearly unclothed to the waist. She is painted all over, Her eyebrows are artificially blackened into the size and shape of half moons as big as the tims ofa dollar and half an inch wide, More blacking has been forced,under her eyeballs, Her hair ts dyed either the color of ink or a bright red, Her handg, fect, finger natis and toe nails are stained a deep nut brown by henna, Her lips are Painted scarlet, and she probably wears some glass beads and sham jewelry.’ She can sing little, and usually does so very oddly with her eye: ibe, She can chatter a great deal, but she bas no man- ners, no accomplishments. At home she passes her time in eating sweetmeats, pulling about her flresses and torturing her maids with red hot pinge.;3 Whenever she has a fancy for tt, Very often this vTaze comes upon her, and she does not always confiné iicf Operations to her matus, Not long ago a bag Gold tomans was missed from tha house of @ European, who had taken night on stiff-kneed tumbling horses, who some- times pitched them head foremost into a hole and sometimes into a gutter. Thus it came to pass that, when the diplomatic corps at Teheran set out in search of each other's polite society after dark they did so under a series of notable diMiculties, They were obliged to go tn full uniform, when there was, any question of keeping a sovercign’s birthday or rejoicing over a victory or teking part in any official ceremony, and upon other occasions the inexorable tyranny of custom required dress coats, white cravats and polished boots. In this miserable condition, andin @costume which, by the way, the Persians, who bave a horror of swallow tails, consider not only ridiculous, but indecent, the diplomatic corps, mostly composed of weak-kneed elderly gentlemen, were obliged to mount upon tall horses and stumble their way, in an east wind, and throngh mud and siush end perilous holes, to their colleagues’ resi- dences. They were indeed preceded and surround. ed by lanterns, but nothing in Persia ever serves the use for which it wee made, and these lanterns hadan unpleasant habit of going out, whon the weak-kneed diplomatists were left in total dark. ness, with nothing but their dignity (which an- luckily Would not burn) to guide them on their way. Then, when at last the diplomatists got together, there was cure to be @ fight at the doors between their servant, as to which of them should go tn first to present his master's kaleon. The strongest shouldered of the pipe bearers having settled this diMiculty, there soon arose another. As the dishes from the diplomatic banquet were carried out of the dining room there was » pitched battle for them, and the crowd of servants outside fell upon them and tore them with their hands like fam- ished hounds. Even the diplomatic entertainments were very dreary. One member of the nglish Embassy hed a cook who waga most smasing and energetic person, @ Pole by but he could do almost anything except dressadinner. His idea of cooking was to put a quantity of mutton and Potatoes into @ large caldron and set it on to boil till called for, while he went out ior aride. This mess was usually reduced to & thick end smoking pulp, after tt had been leit eight or tem hours on the fire, and the Polish cook, for eome reason only known to himself, then called it ‘atu, He served it smoking hot tn the caldron, being of opinion that the formality of dishing up was; unnecessary, and then he mounted his horse again and did not turn up again tilldinner time nextday. The British diplomatist being weary of this diet, after many months’ trial of it, and being unable to get anything else, bethought him that he would dime one day with his French colleague. The French diplomatist being of a thrifty mind, usually cooked bis own din- ner, and lived chiefly upon omelettes, but on this occasion he could hardly do #0,.a8 be was obliged to receive his guest in full dress. So he sent for the Enuglishman’s Polish cook, and ordered him to prepare bis master’s favorite dishes, promising to reward himby atomaun (a gold piece worth about tem shillings)’ for his ser- vices, The Polish cook replied that he well knew Lis master’s taste and that he never eat more than one thing, 60 that the abominable ‘mesa: which the Pole callod “Istu’' followed him like an avenging conscience, andhe could, find no escape from it either outor, at home, The miseries of domestic Ufe at the legations in Teheran. were, indeed, and probably are, endless, and their establishments very mach resembled those of old bachelors in a farce. The only way to get out of them was to hire agarden, which might be donein Summer, and pitch a tent in the midst of it; for although a country house might be had with the garden, it was alwaysa tumble down place which might fall crumbling about the ears of the tenant suddenly and at any moment. I[t also swarmed, for certain, with rats and mice and poisonous spiders, with other vermin. But THR GABDENS AROUND TRHRBRAN are truly delightful,,and have quite an Arabian Nights’ aspect about them: The only pleasant way to live in Persia‘ls frankly to adopt the patriarchal life and dwell under a tent in the open air. Thena man with any spice of romance about him will find a@subtle tafuence which nearly resembles love of the country and people creeping over him, Noth- ing can equal the wild Iuxuriance of the vegetation which springs up ina Persian garden at the first glorious outburst of the Asiatic Summer. Yester- day perhaps the whole country from Jauris to Bushire was in mourning. There was snow and mod on the ground; the sky was of a pale lead color, To-day the sup has risen in.all the gorgeous pomp of Eastern splendor, and millions of flowera have sprung up miraculously to welcome him, Day after day, from May to September, there will hardly be a cloud in the heavens, and one after the other come the reign of the roses. The Persians live with those rosea. They sleep apon couches of rose leaves, dine lying down upon heaps of them, and make them into delicate preserves and cool drinks. They have not the perfume of the English or American rose, None of the Persian dowers have much scent, but their hues are of incompar- able beauty. Indeed, all COLORS AND DYES. IN PERSIA are of a byllliancy never seen in any other country, and the produce of the Persian looms is almost as beautiful as the productions of nature there. Life in Persia, and especially in the capital, is a thing which should be taken coolly, It 1s an awfal ordeal for a business man in a.burry, for if he wants so smalia thing a8 a new bolt to hisdoor the chances are ten to one that bis chief butler will oonenir a judicial astrologer to, ascer- tam that it if @ 1UCKy. day veto waving it made; and if the smith who is at last sent for to put it on should happen to meet @n old woman or asquinting manor red-haired man when he is getting out to. perform the job, ne will assuredly turn back again and wait for a good omen. Like most godless and dissolute people, the Persiana are extremely superstitions, . and although, as a rule, they do not believe in God, they do believe very devoutly in the devil, andin bogies, giants snd supernatural appearances, Thus the gates of the capital are painted all over. with rude drawings of monsters, intended to freighten away 8 besieging army, and they, doubt- less, would have tho effect of strking con- sternation into the very souls of Asiatic invaders. There. are griffins. and dragons and shapeless creatures, with many heads and eyes, among these..militery. devices. the Persians have changed very little since the time of Cyrus. [tis true that they neither know how to draw the bow or speak the truth, there being neither bows nor truth in the country. But, possibly, the desoription formerly given of them was merely @ romantic and friendly one. They were and are bold horsemen, free livers and great braggarts. CITIES OF REFUGE. About two leagues from Teheran is a city of refuge, and there are several other cities of refuge 1n Persia, There a marderer or an offender against the government may take sanctuary and consider himself out of danger, unless he has very powerful enemies. He must reside there in close hiding, however, and never venture beyond certain limits until the death of the high priest who happened to be in office when he first wok sanctuary, Then he may come out, and is considéred absolved from his offences, unless it is worth, the while of any private enemy to punish him. MUBDER IN ORDINARY OASES may be atoned by a money fine, but it sometimes happens that the relatives of the murdered man, who are his judges, will not accept compensation; and then they are authorized to put him to death in the same manner as he killed lus victim. The behavior of ‘the relatives of murdered men is sometimes horribly bloodthirsty. Some time ago, not very long, the son of a tatlor was murdered; his throat was cut for a few silver coins whicn he carried about with him, and in due coursathe Murderer was found out, He had made money and become @ personage of some consequence, so he offered any terms to the tailor.to buy himself off, but the tailor would in no wise. listen to him. He cut that murderer's throat, imbrued his hands tm the murderer's blood and them gasped out, “Now my heart is cool.” The Persians are ex- tremely fond of picturesque language. Upon the whole, perhaps, it is hardly safe to trast in the pro- tection of a city of refuge. A fugitive ia very often kidnapped, and various devices are adopted to catch him by any one who really. wants to catch him, But there is the city of refage, with a mosque having a gilt dome, which looks pretty in the sun- shine, and it is kept up 98.9 Persian institution in the same manner as among the ancient Israclites, GRENVILLE MURRAY. THE POISONING OF MRS, BONACUM. Taking an Overdose of Morphine, Tm the case of Mrs. Blien Bonacam, late‘of 415 West Thirty-ninth street, who died from the effects of a dose of poison which she had purchased at a drug store, as heretofore published in the HERaLp, Deputy Coroner Marsh made an exAmtnat! He found that Mrs. Bonacum had taken an overdose of morphine to relieve pain, she haying long been & great sufferer from asthma. Deceased purchased the mor phine at a drug store and received instruc- tions how to administer it; but instead of follow- ing the directions she took an overdose, and, sink. ing into a sound sleep, never awoke, death ‘being the result. Mrs. Bonacam was seventy-Ave years gage and 8 Dative o! Ireland, STAMPEDING OATTLE BY STEAM. PROVIDENOE, R. L., July 21, 1873. ‘This afternoon @ passenger train on the Bristol Railroad ran into @ herd of cattle two miles this side of Bristoland the engine and one car were thrown from the track. The engineer, Rufus iu pee, Was killed, None of the passengers were It is probabie that the manners and customs of SING SING. The Recent Arrivals at the State Prison. Frank H. Walworth—The Aristocratic Criminal ‘Will Not Eat Prison Fare—“Wees” and “Mart” Allen and General Greenthal— ‘The Faithful Mother of the Parri- ley and the Uxori- cide Shefflin. Since the sentence of Frank H. Walwerth to imprisonment in the State Prison for “the re- mainder of bis natural life” the village of Sing Sing has turned out a favorite holiaay resort among acertain class In our community whose morbid tastes have no means of gratification in the city, the local criminal Courts having adjourned for the Summer vacation. The HERALD @ week stated the fact that Mrs. Walworth, the wife of Mansfeld Tracy Walworth, and the mother of his murderer, had taken up her residence in the town of Sing Sing. This announcement, caused quite a comme- tion in the little village which lives on the State Prison, ao to speak, and even reached the city of New York with effect enough to send a dozen curious individuals to Sing within the last week to get a glimpse ef “the un! prisoner.’” M83, WALWORTH HAS TAKEN UP HEB RESIDENOR PERMANENTLY IN BING BING, that is, for the Summer at least, The olf homestead in Saratoga bas been left in charge of Mrs. Walworth, the widow of the late Chancellor. The younger son of the widow, ‘Tracy Walworth, & mere child, lives with his mother, whose maternal affections are strong enongh to lead her to live’ as near a8 possi- ble to her first born as long as she can, The widowed lady attends the Catholic Church in Sing Sing every Sunday, accompanied by her som ‘Tracy, and as sho passes up the aisle of the churoh, clad in deep mourning, many a pitying glance is turned on her, and when the services are over many 4 quiet gossip is had at her expense among the country girla-who have yet s wife's and mother’s trouble to learn. But Mrs. Walworth is a stoical or a brave woman; those regular features seem to defy commiseration, and when the fall, gray eyes turn full on the spectator the half-ex- pressed pity dies on all lips. The prisoner has evi- dently his mother’s disposition. His cold gray eyes are still impaseive, and the same demeanor—not reckless, but assertive—characterizes him since he entered the prison and cbanged-his wordly gar- ment for the “base ball suit with the stripes turned wrong.” FRANK H. WALWORTH. A HERAL'reporter visited Sing Sing yesterday and'had a long conversation with one of the oldest oMicials attached to the prison. The reporter's in- formant has seen many political changes in the government of the prison, and few men can express an opinion based’ upon’ a large experience of criminals ors more practical knowledge of the different prisons throughout the State than he does in the subjoined conversation. The reporter re- cetved his information accidentally, as it is a dim- cult matter to obtain ingress and realize the work- ings mice ybagertponee when one is admitted asa regu Te ie reporter, being introduced tothis gentle began the convorantion by aaking, 11 the ADDrOW State Prison parlance— “Blow does Walworth take his punishment ?’" “As bold as any thief in the prison,” was the ea, do’ you think he is) degenerating?” asked the a “He if he is not taken out d—d quick. He can’t resist the influencesor this place. That man, ifhe remains here for any time, will die a loafer. te ee tell you; he Has not character enough to reeist it.” “Be is stillin the shoe we is he not?” «Yes, he is @ clerk in the shoe shop.’” “Does he weaken any at all?’? “No, except in the matter of his food." STARVING HIMSELF, ye hat 30 not mean to say that he refuses (0 eat “Tes, ho does, tn the dining hall, at all events.” “How do you meant” “Well, see him (ye into the dining hall every mpany le @ atep, but he never eata.”? you see him at the table every day?” , and I .watch him very particularly. He food. at the table in the dining hall. Thave seen his company, or his fang, a8 they call It, He sits at the tablo; but that ts ‘His can is set before him poe pe neree eats.” “How The: rej "s informant laughed and ald, “Well, I suppose he must eat anyhow.” “Do you oh that he-gets food privately into Us Mian must Gat. igfalt { Know dtiow the mi . Ifhe does not éat in the hall he must eat in the m ana f ¢ he must eat in the oon, red oo in his cell after work until about six.’ ‘alworth called to see. ling of disgust.among the other p ers that this aristocratic murd “shot $0 ee ‘ lerer ‘should be 4 WES.) ALLEN,” Charles, alias ‘Wes.,” Alien, next to Walworth, ig the most distinguished prisoner mm Sing . The officials all know “wes, Allen, and two ved. the authorities cast 0st and it was somewhat difficult to locate him. Finally, after eration, it was decidea to put him under tne cl ofone of the Sternest tnd accortingly he wae heut off 0, the quatfl and accot 16 Was Sent off to juarries, a8 he had declared to the clerk on his ‘admission to the prison that he had mo trade or occupation, Allen is a desperate man, but too weak to work, He has lost the use of one eye, and the keeper under whom he is placed sets him to work at water to the prisoners under his—the a he “Is ‘Wes’ Allen docile ?”’ asked the eeree! “Docile? Yes, He is docile ndw, but if ever they Graft him I tell you there will be some tun. [ have seen ‘Wes’ Allen with around his ankles as thick as your Wrist and the chain was fastened from his feet around his neck. He got away from them once or twice, but they got him and he told them he meant to get away if he could. The last time he came he he would spend two years el 4 pet ie fel | ont of Gp. five y a sooner than re for rm, but I guess he t over that. He is contented here now.” ic Martin, alias “Mart” Alien had be ar has beem recent: Minted a servant to attend ene of the recently 8D, he State Prison, and in this consists his “hard labor” for five years. The keepers all like “Mart” and he is considered to have one oi the easiest times of any in the prison. " “GENERAL” GREENTHAL. “General” Greenthal, the notorious pickpocket, 1s one of the jolliest prisoners in Sing Sing. He has brought bis confinement down to a dine point, and says that he has now fifteen months, four days and three hours to serve, and means to con- duct himself well; so that he can get out as soon possible. The “General” ia a ‘ boy,” king out for the food of the prisoners. eecgs The wie Murderer, Frank in, ta ost ag a aa when he entered ti is set to work in the blacksmith shop. Gillen evidently thinks that his imprisonment will be of short dura- tion, but others think otherwise. BLEAKLEY AND SHRFFLIN. Bleakley, the murderer of hig niece, Maud Mer- nil, and ‘Shemin, the wife murderer, seem both indifferent to their fate and seem to have given up ll hope—Bleakley particularly, who seems realize a morbid ceormens from sho’ ridle wound in his arm which he inflicted on him- ihe Tombs, and which had very near caused death. The muscles of his left arm are quite yy the wound, This prisoner works in the furniture department and among the prisoners is an object of half disgust, balf commiseration, THE STODDARD MURDER CASE. A Generous Tender of Legal Service, The case of Lizzie Lioyd King, alias Kate Stod- dard, &¢., has met with another able counsel in the person of ex-Lieutenant Governor E. Louis Lowe, of Afaryland, who yesterday tendered his services aS assis. Ant counsel to the accused murderess of Charles Gdoitich. Corporation Counsel W. 0. De Witt, it wili be teitembered, tendered his services to the accused whex the inquest was. held, bu fearing that his oMicial duties might interfere wit the faithful discharge of its duties to his client, he has moat willingly accepted the proffered services of Mr. Lowe. Several obscure lawyers have ten- dered their services to Miss King within the past few days, but they have not been accepted. A FIRE AT PROVIDENOB Provipencg, R. 1, Jaly 21, 1873, A fire, early this morning, on the premises of the Providence Iron Company, on India street, par- tlally destroyed the company’s storerooms filled With nails, The loss is estimated at $23,000; cov- ered by insurance in the Home, of New Yorks tna, Brewers’, of Milwaukee, and Queen's insur ance companies, ;