The New York Herald Newspaper, July 26, 1872, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. Volume XXXVII. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Yacur—Tae Rivai Doren nx. OOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway. ¢ came anD Lesa. Alternoon and E OLYMPIC THEATRE, adway.—Tae Witcnxs or New York—Tkareze /RRYORMANCES, ner Thirtieth st.— ng. UNION SQUARE THEATRE, l4th at. and Broadway.— Tax Vokus Famicy—Tue BeLies Or Tug Kitouer, 4c. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth street.—Ronin Hoon. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 201 Bowery.— Stisets or New York. PARK THEATRE, opposite City Hall, Brooklyn. — Tax Racricken ov Pants. CENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Gazpen Insrauwentar Concent, vs oat TERRACE GARDEN, 58th st, betwoen Third and Lex- ington avs. —Suames Evanino Concerts. NEW YORK MUSEUM OP ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Science AND Akt, DR. KAHN’S MU: TRIP New York, Friday, July 26, 1872. CONTENTS OF T0-DAY'S HERALD —-—___- ko, T. Pack. 1—Acvertisoment. of Africa: Complete Chart of Explorations in the Tropical Con- Livingstone’s New World—The Ala- bama Claiias—Cable Telegrams from France, Russia and Irelend—News from Mexico and Cuba—The Unbribed Senators—News from oo laps Weather—Personal Intel- gence. 4&—Greeley and the Grumblers: A Fright{ul Mare’s Nest Discovered in Broome County; Horace Greeley an Awfu! Copperhead; A Wild Goose Chase After a Tame and Harmless Political Canard—North Carolina: Feeling the Pulse of the Anti-Secession Mountaineers; Politics in High Latitudes—Pennsylvania ; Meeting of the Republican State Central Committee—Grant and Wilson Banner Raismg—Greeley Demon- siration in Williamsburg—American Philo- logical Assoclation—Music and the Drama— Fine Arts for July—Yhe Chaplaincy of the House of Refuge. S—Another Conilagration: Destruction of the Catholic Female Protectory at Westchester; Narrow Escape of Six Hundred Children; Heroism of the Good Sisters in the Rescue of the Inmates; The Building Entirely De- stroyed; The Loss Estimated at a Quarter of a@ Million and Partially Insured—The Erie Fire: The Loss Reduced to a Quarter of a Million of Dollars; Meeting of the Eric Rail- road Directors; What the Company Have to Say—Disastrous Conflagration in Rochester— The Fire Fiend in Philadelpnia—Barnard’s Impeachment Trial—Street Contract Commis- sioners—The Mayor of Jeddo and Mayor Hall— New Drinking Fountains—Chureh Consecra- tion in Newark—Supposed Swindle—Child Killed. 6—Doctor Livingstone : Grand Trfumph for Eng- land and America; The Fiags of Both Coun- tries United; Livingstone Successful; Stanley Successful; Characteristic Letter of the Great Explorer tothe Editor of the HERALD; The First Gleam of Hope; The New Lights to Science; What Livingstone Has Dis- covered and His Description of the Great Watershed of the Nile—Editorials: Leading Article, “Dr. Livingstone’s Story as Told by Himsel(—The Letter of the Great Explorer— Amusement Announcements. 7—Full Page oie Equatorial Africa. S=Yachting: Salling for the Challenge Cup; Com- mencement of the Race—Trotting at Goshen, N, Y.—Long Branch: The renee and Doings at the “Summer Capital;’’ The President Bored by Bohemians; Amusing Incidents and Reflections—Studio =Notes—New York City News—Department of Docks—Brooklyn Af- fairs—The Newark Murder—Weekly Report of Stréet Cleaning—Arrest of an Alleged Abortionist in Newark—Sudden Death of a Merchant. 9—Financial and Commercial: Another Quiet Day In Wall Street; Erie Stock Unatfected by the Fire and Dulier Than Yesterday; Street Ru- mors Respecting the Losses and Insurance; Money Still ‘y;_ Governments Strong, Southern Securities Neglected and Railway Mortgages “Steady—Domestic and European Markets—The Howard Mission-—The Brussels Murder—Tne Coming Prize Fights—Board of. Audit—The Stabbing of Commissioner Corr— The Wrecked Steamer New England—Mar- riages and Deaths—Advertisements, 10—Punishment of Prisoners: A Visit to Black- well’s Island and What a Reporter Saw and Heard; The Workhouse Management Ex- ponen Shipping Intelligence — Advertise- ments. —Campaign Curiosities: How Falsehood is Some- times Nailed to the Mast; Is A. T. Stewart for Grant or Greeley ’—Longstreet and Swords: What They ink of Greeley's Chances in the South—Governor McCook, of Colorado: What He Thinks of Grant's Chances in the Western States—The Greeley Headquarters—The Democratic Headquar- ters—The International Prison Congress: The Closing Day's Proceedings of the Dele- ates—Tammany: The Ratification Meeting— Remarkable Car Accident. &2—The Courts: The Imprisoned Witnesses in the | Stokes Caso and Apptication for Their Re- lease; Three Rival St. Patrick Benevolent Societies in the Cor paper Adver- tising Bills Against th Red Davis: What Came of Taking a Drink With Him— The Stabbing of Mark McDonald—Advertise- ments, be ie aieks Dr. Lrvrnastove hints at the terrible instgnces of man’s inhumanity that sickened his heart on his weary journey when deserted by most of his followers. ‘The history of the explorer’s adventures must be full of interest, and the details will looked for with anxicty, although the main features are now known to the world. ’ GSTONE ope able field for be Dr. Livixasrone opens a des those republicans who, now that slavery is | abolished in the United States, feel impelled to bestow the government of the South upon the | negroes and to fasten the chain of political | servitude on the necks of the white citizens of | The slave trade and slavery exist , that section. in all their horrors in Africa, and these re- publicans, who have much affection and respect for negroes, cannot employ their so energics and their means toa better purpose | than in Inboring to szcure their abolition, To be sure they could not obtain political power and political sin return for their philan- thropy, but then their consciences would be light and their roward wonld be laid up for them hereafier. What will Senator Wilson do dor the poor, enslaved Africans ? THere ts a Spice Humor about Dr. Livingstone which peeps out in his interesting letter. He had seen o companion broken down in spirit and despairing of success in consequence of an accident to a photograph of his wife, and he could not resist laughing at the superstition which seriously regarded euch a trifle. Dr. Livingstone had seen his followers die around him or desert him or like cowards. He had travelled for months | without a sympathizing word to cheer him. He had suffered disappointment in the receipt | of supplies, and had been forced back from the point at which he hoped to accomplish the main object of his tedious journeying. At last he found himself reduced almost to poverty by the treachery of a knave, and with the prospect of beggary in that strange land before him. Yet he refused to despair or to believe that fate was against him. The result proved the wisdom of his philosophy. Relief came, disproving the re- liability of the sign conveyed by the broken photograph, and showing the wisdom of con- stancy and hope. ‘Never despair’’ is Living- stone's motto in the wilds of Africa, and it is & good one anywhere. DOCTOR LIVINGSTONE. Grand Triumph for England and America. The Flags of Both Countries United. LIVINGSTONE SUCCESSFUL. STANLEY SUCCESSFUL Characteristic Letter from the Great Explorer to the Editor of the Herald. Deeply Interesting Description of Five Hundred Miles Tramp, “| Thought That | Was Dying on My Feet.” Deceived, Plundered, “a Mere Ruckle of Bones” and Almost Despairing at Ujiji. The Inspiration of a Broken Photograph. Plucking Courage from Superstition. THE FIRST GLEAM OF HOPE. Sighting the American Flag in the Distance. SALUTATION TO THE GOOD SAMARITAN. The Herald Commis- sioner’s News. THE NEW LIGHTS TO SCIENCE. What Livingstone Has Discovered and His Description of the Great » Watershed of the Nile. How Africa May Become a Cen- tre of Civilization. “Suppression of Ujijian Slavery a Nobler Task Than the Discovery of All the Sources of the Nile.” Holding to the Last with “John Bullish” Tenacity. re | TELEGRAM TO THE MEW YORK HERALD. Lonpow, July 25, 1872. James Gorpon Bennett, Esq. :— Srr—I beg leave to transmit to you the fol- lowing important and most highly interesting special communication, which has been re- ceived in this city from Dr. Livingstone, by | Stanley's mail from Africa, conveying the | | thanks of the explorer to the editor of the | | New York Herfaup for the successful organi- | zation of the American Search Expedition, which has placed the long-lost traveller again | in communication with civilization. Very respectfully, GEORGE W. HOSMER, Agent New York Henanp, London. i Dr., Livingstone’s Letter of Thanks. Usn, on Tancanxyrra, | Fast Arnica, November, 1871. 5 James Gonvon Besyert, Jr., Esq. My Dran Sm—It is in general somewhat | difficult to write to one we have | it feels so much like address' idea—but the presence of your represent. ative, Mr. H. M. Stanley, in this distant | region takes away the strangeness I should felt, and in writing | never scen-— | | an abstract otherwise have to | thank you for the extreme kindness that prompted you to send him, I feel quite at , home. | CONDITION AFTER A FIVE-HUNDRED-MILE TRAMP, I{ Lexplain the forlorn condition in which | he found me you will easily perceive that I have good reason to use very strong expres« sions of gratitude. I came to Ujiji off a tramp j of between four hundred and five hundred | miles, beneath a blazing vertieal sun, having been baffled, worried, defeated and forced to return, when almost in sight of the end of the geographical of my mission, by a number of half-caste Moslem slaves sent to me from Zanzibar, instead of men. The sore heart made still sorer by the woful sights I had seen of man’s inhumanity to man part Y, JULY 26, 1872—TRIPLE -SHEET. way was in pain, and I rsached Ujiji a mere “tuckle’’ of bones. WHAT HE YOUND AT UJUL, There I found that some five hundred pounds sterling worth of goods which I had ordered from Zanzibar had unaccountably been entrusted toa drunken hali-caste Mos- lem tailor, who, after squandering them for sixteen months on the way to Ujiji, finished up by selling off all that remained for slaves andivory for himself. He had ‘‘divined’’ on the Koran and found that I was dead. He had also written to the Governor of Unyan- yembe that he had sent slaves after mo to Manyema, who returned and _ reported my decease, and begged permission to sell off the fow goods that his drunken appetite had spared, . He, however, knew perfectly well, from men who had seen me, that Iwas alive, and waiting for the goods and men; but as for morality, he is evidently an idiot, and there being no law here except that of the dagger or musket, I had to sit down in great weakness, destitute of everything save a few barter cloths and beads, which I had taken tho precaution to leave here “in case of extreme need. AN EARTOLY EXTREMIS. The near prospect of beggary among Uji- jians made me misorable. COUBAGE, I could not despair, because I laughed so of the Zambezi, said that he was tempted to despair on breaking the photograph of his wife. Wecould have no success after that. Afterward the idea of despair had to me such a strong smack of the ludicrous thatit was out of the question. FIRST WORDS OF HOPE. Well, when I had got to about the lowest verge, vague rumors of an English visitor reached me. I thought of myself as the man who went down from Jerusalem to Jericho; but neither priest, Levite nor Samaritan could possibly pass my way. Yet the good Samaritan was close at hand, and one of my people rushed up at the top of his speed, and, in great excitement, gasped out, “An Englishman coming! I see him}’’ and off he darted to meet him. THE AMPRICAN FLAG A HARBINGER OF ENLIGHT- ENMENT AND CONSOLATION. An American flag, the first ever seen in these parts, at the head of a caravan, told me the nationality of the stranger. amas cold and non-demonstrative as we islanders are usually reputed to be; but your | kindness made my frame thrill. i deed, overwhelming, and I said in my soul, | “Let the richest blessings descend from the Highest on you and yours!’ STANLEY'S NEWS FROM THE OUTER WORLD AND ITS EFFECTS. The news Mr. Stanley had to tell was thrill- ing. The mighty political changes on the Continent ; the success of the Atlantic cables ; the election of General Grant, and many other topics riveted my attention for days to- gether, and had an immediate and beneficial effect on my health. It was, in- Thad been without news from home for years save what I could glean from afew Saturday Reviews and Punch of 1868. The appetite revived, and in a week I began to feel strong again. AN ENGLISH DESPATCH FROM AN OLD FRIEND. Mr. Stanley brought a most kind and en- couraging despatch from Lord Clarendon, whose loss I sincerely deplore, the first I have received from the Foreign Office since.1866, aud information that the British government my aid. Up to his arrival I was not aware of any pecuniary aid. Iceme unsalaried, but this want is now happily repaired, and I am anxious that you and all my friends should know that, though uncheered by letter, I have stuck to the task which my friend Sir Roderick Murchison “John Bullish’? set me with | tenacity, believing that all would come right . at last. GEOGRAPHICAL FACYS IN ALD OF SCULNCE. The watershed of South Central Africa is The almost innumerable— over seven hundred miles in length. fountains thereon are that is, it would take « man’s lifetime to count them. From the watershed they con- verge into four large rivers, and these again into two valley, which begins in ten degrees to twelve degrees south latitude. It was long ere light a clear idea of the drainage. I had to feel my and every step of the way, and was, gen- erally, groping in the dark, for who cared where the rivers ran? We drank our fill and let the rest run by. The Portuguese who visited Cazemba asked for slaves and ivory, and heard of nothing else. I asked about the waters, questioned and cross-questioned, until I was almost afraid of beimg sct down as afflicted with hydrocephalus. My last work, in which greatly hindered from able attendants, following the cen- tral line of drainage through the country of the cannibals, called Manyue- ma, or, shortly, Manyema. This line of drain- age has four large lakes in it. The fourth I was near when obliged to turn. It is from one to three miles broad, and never can be reached at any point or at any time of the year. Two I have been want of suit- was down reached and told on the bodily frame and de- pressed it beyond measure. I thought that I was dying on my feet, It is not too much to western drains, the Lupira, or Bartle Frere’s River, flow into it at Lake Kamolondo. Then the great River Lomaine flows through Lake | much ata friend who, on reaching the month had kindly sent a thousand pounds sterling to | ity streams in the great Nile | sic dawned on the ancient problem and gave me | western arm of the Nile, oa which Petherick traded, Now, I knew about six hundred miles of the watershed, ahd unfortunately the sevonth hundred is the most interesting of the whole; for in it, if Iam not mistaken, four fountains arise from an earthen mound, and the last of the four becomes, at no great distance off, a large rivor, Two of these run north to Egypt, Lupera and Lonraine, and two run south into inner Ethiopia, as tho Liambai, or upper Zambezi, and the Kafneare. These are not the sources of the Nile men- tioned by the Secretary of Minerva, in the city of Suis, to Herodotus. HE MUST REMAIN, T have heard of them so often, and at great distances off, that I cannot doubt their exist- ence, and in spite of the sors longing for home that seizes me every.time I think of my family I wish to finish ap by their rodiscovery. MATERIAL ATD. Five hundred pounds sterling worth of goods Lave again unaccountably been entrusted to slaves, and have been overs yoar on the way, instead of four months, I must go where they lie at your expense, ere I can put the natural completion to my work. HOPES FOR AFRICAN CIVILIZATION. And if my disclosures regarding the terrible Ujijion slavery should lead to the suppression of the east coast slave trade, I shall regard that as a greater matter by far than the discovery Now that you have done with domestic slavery forever, lend us your powerful aid toward this great object. This fine country is blighted, as from above, in order that the slavery privileges of tho petty Sultan of Zanzibar may not be infringed, aad the rights of the Crown of Portugal, which are mythical, should be kept in abeyance till some future time when Africa will become another India to Portuguese slave traders. I conclude by again thanking you most cor- dially for your great generosity, and am, Gratefully yours, DAVID LIVINGSTONE. ofall the Nile sources together. with a curse Livingstone’s Story Told by Him- Dr. self—The Letter of the Great Ex- plorer. — With much gratification we publish in the Henatp to-day the interesting letter of Dr. Livingstone, delivered to our agent, Mr. Stan- ley, at Ujiji, in November last and transmit- ted over the cable from London yesterday, This letter, traced by the hand and dictated by the heart of the great traveller, is destined to create a profound sensation throughout the civilized world. It will be more welcome than the most elaborate and graphic description of his travels, trials and discoveries that could be written by the ablest pen, for it brings the devoted old man face to face with all who read his earnest words, and tells them in his own language, eloquent in its simplicity, of his sufferings, his hopes, his disappointments, his touching faith, hiv triumphs, his unaffected | gratitude and his devotion to the task he has assumed. The world will know more of Dr. Livingstone from this letter than it has ever known before, despite the volumes that have been written of his labors and in his praise ; more of his true character, more of his brave constancy, more of the great underlying spirit of Christianity that shapes and controls the action of his life. We learn from his own words of his desolate condition when found by the Henanp expedition; of his excitement and joy at meeting with those who had come to his relief; of the injuries inflicted upon him through the dishonesty of the agents so care- lessly chosen to convey the supplies forwarded to him by his friends; of the valuable discoveries he had made in the midst of pain, discour: ment and danger; and we find him finishing up his compact and simple narrative with the prayer that his disclosures regarding the terri- ble Ujijian slavery may lead to the suppression of the inhuman traffic along the whole east | coast of Africa, and give freedom and happi- ness to 9 splendid country now “blighted as with a curse from above.” Dr. Livingstone deseribes his condition when met by the Henratp expedition as ‘“forlorn.”’ A ‘y tramp of four or five hundred miles beneath a blazing vertical sun, added to the ing of inhumanity he had secnes energy that, in his ¢ mm expres ive language, there were m xu, and he was dismayed at the discovery that a drauken half-caste Moslem tailor, to whose keeping they had been en- trusted, had made away with them for his own profit. This faithless agent had “divined on the Koran,” and was told by that authority that Livingstone was dead, whereupon, like a good believer, he had turned the property of the dog of a Christian to his own use. There being no law in Ujiji but thatof the dagger and the musket, to which Dr. Livingstone was not likely to apply for redress, he was com- pelled to submit to the loss and to look calmly in the face the unpromising prospect of beg- gary among the Ujijians. We have here an illustration of the simple-hearted faith of this great and good man. He could not even then despair. Trusting in an overseeing Provi- dence, self-reliant in the consciousness of his own purity of motive, having once laughed at the superstition of a friend who had been discouraged by the acci- dental breaking of a photograph, the idea of despair had in it to him some smack of the ludicrous. Yet he could not resist the feeling say that almost every sten of the weary sultry | Lincoln into it too. and seems to form tho | of sadness that oppressed him, and when this ou the journey and the heart- burnings arising from defeat brought labout by the treachery of his at. | tendants, had so depressel his physical he thought he was d x on his fect. When he had reached Ujiji, “a mere rneckie of | ie nods he had expected to find was stzonges' vpn him tho startling rumor of an Englirh visitor sounded on his ears. He thought of the mm who went down from Jernsalom to Jericho, and a vision flashed across his brain—could it be that the good Samaritan was close at hand? Another mo- ment and one of his attendants, rushing at the top of his speed, gaspel out the eventful news that a white man was actually approach- ing. Then the cyes of the wanderer were made glad by the appearance of a human being of his own color, and the American ag, the first ever seen in those parts, told him of the nationality of his visitor. We cannot say what were the first thoughts of Dr. Livingstone when the Stars an:l Siripes, fanned by an African breeze, first met his gaze. It may be that for the instant he anli- cipated annexation to the United States, or it itself for a proposition to trade cloth or to publish his explorations of the sources of the Nile ina cheap edition on shares. But he soon learned the object of the men he beheld drawn up before him, and his heart thrilled with joy and gratification to find that he was still! remembered among his fellows, and that the American people vied with his own countrymen in the effort to bring him relief. Then came anxious inqni- ries for intelligence from the civilized world; and the information that was news te the great traveller conveys @ vivid idea ‘Of the magnitude of the task he has undertaken and the sacrifices it has’ entailed upon one bornand nurtured in the lap of civilization. The final success of the Atlantic cables was unknown to Dr. Livingstone, and from Mr. Stanley's lips he heard for the first time that the two continents were actually speaking together every instant across three thousand miles of ocean, The mighty political changes on the Continent of Europe; the unification of Italy and Germany; the overthrow of the French Emperor; the election of General Grant; the death of his friend, Lord Clarendon, were all news to him; and we can imagine the interest with which he listened to the budget of information poured into his ears by his welcome visitor. The progress made in his work of discovery is concisely given by Dr. Livingstone in his valuable letter. The watershed of South Cen- tral Africa, he tells us, is over seven hundred. miles in length, and the fountains thereon are so numerous that it would take a man’s life- time to count them. He traced the four large rivers into which they converge, and, again, the two mighty streams eventually formed by these, groping his way in the dark; for, as he says, who in that region cares where the rivers run after he drinks his fill of the waters? His last great task was to follow the central line of drainage down through the country of the cannibals, called Manyema, which line has in it four large lakes. When near the fourth he was compelled to return. He had explored six hundred miles of the watershed, and, unfor- tunately, the as yet unexplored seventh hundred mile is the most interesting of the whole; for in it, as Dr. Livingstone believes, arise the four fountains from an earthen mound, of which so many rumors have been heard, and the mysteries of which he designs to penetrate before he returns to Europe, despite his long- ings to rejoin his family and kindred ina civilized land. But not in the world of re- search alone does Dr. Livingstone hope to accomplish good from his self-sacrificing la- bors. His practical mind leads him to believe that he can achieve a victory for which his heart prompts him to struggle—a victory ove: the horror and sin of African slavery. This work of humanity, in which he asks the aid of the republic that has abolished domestic slav- ery from its own soil forever, he declares he shall regard as 2 greater triumph than the dis- covery of all the Nile sources together. The events of the past fifteen months, in connection with the Livingstone expedition, pass before us like the panoramic views of a strange and marvellous drama. Every inch of the moving canvas has its interest, and as it rolls along its striking features leave on the mind the impressions gathered from a fairy tale. We see the fleet of dhows as they set sail to convey the adventurous leader, with his motley followers and novel cargo, through the coral reefs of Zanzibar to the mainland, amid the cheers of the few white men and the crowds of wondering Africans gathered on the shore to witness their departure. We see the pic- turesque caravan setting out from the sea coast on its perilous journey, with its turbaned | chief and his two or three white companions; its hundred pagazi, or “carriers,” from the Land of the Moon, loaded with the | wealth of | cloth, bags of beads .and coils of wire; its little band of armed men, which tell that there are other dangers than those of climate to be encountered. We trace the sin- gular procession as it winds along, carrying the American flag through fields rich with the variegated colors of a tropical climate—over hot sands, through thick forests, threatening swamps and dangerous jungles. Suddenly we find signs of civilization appearing on the scene; not the civilization which brings peace | and happiness in its train, but the civilization | which places trained armies in the field and war against its neighbors. Some » ruler has demanded tribute of a as one Christian monarch sometimes seeks political advantages over another, and the result in the one case, as in the other, is bloodshed and suffering for the people. The peaceful expedition becomes with the combatants, and is compelled to take part in the conflict ; but the American flag comes safely out of the melée and con. tinues its steady progress onward to the relief of the great explorer. Throngh the wilderness, over the mountains, along rarely travelled routes the diminished band presses on until it reaches Ujiji and enters the suburbs of the town, to the astonishment of the Arab inhabit- ants, who are made aware of its approach by asalute of guns. Then comes the meeting with the long-lost wanderer, ond the exchange of congratulations ; the mutual joy of the dis- coverer and the discovered—of the conveyer and recipient of the welcome relief. events has not been predestined in the cause of humanity and Christianity, by a beneficent Providence working for the civilization and salvation of mankind all over the world? Let us suppose that Dr. Livingstone had accomplished his object, and after long years of absence had returned to his home and friends. Would others have been tempted by his example to penetrate the dangerous and mysterious region be had traversed, for other may be that his mind momentarily propared’ the ,expedition—the bales of | Who shall say that this whole chain of | congiderations than those of scientific ree search? We think not. Stanley’s expeiition and success’ have, however, doue more than has ever been done before to familiarize the world with the country through which he has passed; to make known the condition and wants of the people, and, it may be, to direct the attention of philanthropists and ad- venturers alike to the work that may be done among them, It may prove the starting point from which we shall in future date attempts to bring the land of Livingstone’s explorations within tho grasp of civilization and Christianity, and to remove the curse of slavery from one of its last strong- holds. It is work such as this in which Liy- ingstone invites America to participate, and which he declares will be more precious than all the geographical discoveries that can ever be made. If the Hezatp expedition should prove the pioneer in such a movement it w'll, indeed, be a triumph of journalism greater than has ever yet been accomplished. Livingstone’s New ‘World—Our Creat Map of African Exploration and Discovery. ‘The great map and accompanying paper, wa publish to-day, afford our readers the means of judging for themselves the nature and mag- nitude of the explorations in Equatorial Af Tica. Bringing before us a birds'-eye view of all that is now known in the heart of the great Southern Continent, it furnishes the solution of what Sir Roderick Murchison well called “The Problem of the Ages.”’ This problem agitated the minds of geographers and trav- ellers before the foundations of civilization were fully laid. It.was the subject of cager inquiry by the Romans, and so engaged their attention that Nero despatched centurions to settle it, and Julius Cwsar, amid the splendors of his military career, was known to have ex- pressed his willingness to lay down the sword if he might only reap the glory of discovering the fountains of the Nile. It is impossible to look over this vast ficid of African research without, at the first momcut, being awed by the immensity of human toil and suffering which have purchased the knowl- edge now brought to us. The ancient myth of Minerva springing full armed from the brain of Jupiter evidently has no parallel or example in the long annals of geographic or physical discovery. The grand idea which kindled in the mind of Columbus was not a solitary, indi- genous or self-originated thought, but it was the collective wisdom of his own and all previous ages of history. Without assuming anything for the modern explorer of Africa, we may justly regard his recently announced dis- covery as the combined and concatenated result of all modern and medizval explora- tions, as well as of those dim and ill-defined, but almost prophetic, visions which floated before the mind of Ptolemy at the beginning of the Christian era. : Nor is the analogy between the magnificent discoveries of Columbus and Livingstone ap- propriate only in the train of causality by which they were reached. In point of magni- tude and significance, those of the great Afri- can geographer are not unworthy of compari- son with those of the far-famed sailor of Genoa. There can be no doubt that Living- stone’s work will grow in the eyes of mankind and become the ever-fresh theme of increasing wonder and admiration. The question is sometimes smilingly and sceptically asked, “What does all his work achieve, and what benefit will accrue from it to mankind?’’ We boldly answer he has made known a new world of greater extent, of vaster resources, than that which gave the first fame and celeb- rity to Columbus. The great navigator, it must be remembered, only brought to light the islands which skirt the American Continont, and it was reserved for Sebastian Cabot to find and announce the mainland from Newfound- land to Florida. The actual problem pro- posed to himself by Columbus—of finding a short way to Cathay and Xipangu—was never solved, and in one sense his triumph was a failure. It was, howe ever, a failure which was worth far more than the utmost success he had ever aspired to, even in his most sanguine moments and when his lofty genius towered above the puerile and pusillanimous criticisms of the doctors of Salamanca. The harvest, yet to be reaped from the labors of Livingstone and the hardy explorers of Equatorial Africa, must be rich indeed. They have revealed a continent within a continent. Built by the Almighty high up above the sea, the vast plateaus and tablelands of the environs of Tanganyika and the Nyanzas preseat a magnificent and woll watered country, habitable for man, abound- ing in all the gifts of nature; although, within the tropics, this upreared inland continent is in every respect far beyond the Andeon and Mexican plateaus of America in all that can minister to the wants and comforts of man. How far the rivers which empty into: the Indian Ocean, as the Lufiji and the Zambozi, may prove navigable, and thus open gateways for civilization to enter, is a matter for further investigation; but, once known, the vast watershed countries of the African interior cannot long remain shut up to the tide of col- onization which, according to the divine man- date, is already rapidly overspreading the entire known earth. The only essential point yet to be settled is the geography of the one hundred and eighty miles, which a concourse of trials, privations and perils forced Livingstone to abandon for the time being, but which he is already on his way to explore. If it be still seeptically asked of the Heratn “Up Nile’ Expedition in search of Sir Samuel Baker, and of the Stanley Expedition, Cui bono ? we further reply:—Stanley’s succor and timely discovery of the exhausted Living- stone makes it possible for the latter to push forward, and renew, to completion, the labor of his lifetime; and but for this aid the last link in the chain of his discoveries might not be supplied. The work of the “Up Nile” party, in relieving Baker, will enable him to co-operate with Livingstone and unify alk African explorations. It cannot now be said that the great secret of the Nile--the magnum areanum of Old World geography—is still veiled in darkness, and that it remains to this goneration, as to its forefathers, ‘‘caput quare Nili,"’ to close the Canon of geographical discovery. The mist of immemorial and unrecorded ages has begun to lift itself, and, though we see as yet through a glass, we can perceive the features and even chart the lineaments of the New World of Livingstone,