The New York Herald Newspaper, August 11, 1868, Page 5

Jackson and down with the banks” was once a | But Mr. Rai came up and fer it rail . Ssvery arguinent used against Sy ee ee nt system, power of Consress, to create bank oF @ corporation and locate it in a State wilt never be admitted by the Reo le; nor will Con- be permitted to hold inking interests under its control, to be used for the pury of any party: nor will the banking interests of the country permitted to use Congress for its protection and profit. There is no timate connection between ‘tre business of the country and national legislation; and if there were there is no compensa- tion to the people for the privileges and immunities extended to banking capital under the present sys- tem. Banks of circ: on, under State laws, are of Fs pt utility. The present Secretary of the nye aupaan @ banker, in his last report says upon sb) “fo all’ banking systems wader wine olron notes are iseued there are grave objections, aud it there were none in exisience in the United States the Secretary won'd hesitate to recoin- mend or eudorse even the most perfect that has been devised.” And in relation to the present na- tdonal banking system, he says:—“At some more propitious period, when the Union shail have m fully restored, it may, perhaps, be wise for Congress to consider whether the mational banking system may not be dispensed with,” The total tixes paid by the banks for the year ending January 1, 1867, Were $5,657,416, of Which oniy $350,544 Was a tax on their ita. The railroad companies paid to the general government, the same year $1,014,445, and the manufacturers of the coal of! you use paid $5,517,296. For the year 4867 the banks, trust companies and savings institue tons Logeiver paid only $5,8:5,519, including $476,067 wane ew canes bur thery Paine op nN 007, 5 LObACCO, 2454775 C1 Gy D's aid cost olf s2,0un 7012 fhe banks eatfegt alt the faxes they pay 1 and «li manul wers. ‘ihe Comptroiler of ie Car yency, the speciai advocate and defender of th nauonal banking system, says truly: tax on a bustaess is paid by the customer. It is 80 with banks.” ‘Their taxes, thereforo, are no more an equivalent for their special privileges and exe: ttons, and no more entitle them to a national eur- reacy Luan Lhe $2,943,000 paid by boots and shoes, or the $3,195,000 paid by clothing, or the $25,000,000 paid by tiquora, is entiied toa currency. The banks lave @ special priviege for @ special radical purpose, which is to concentrate ali business, ail power and mruence in the general government. At this point, allow me to re‘er to the report of the Comptroller of the Currency. He states that the banks have loaned the government four hundred and ninety millions of doilars on which they receive interest annually in old of nineteen miliion five hundred thousand dol- lars; but he says one hundred and fifty millions dol- lars, never less, generally one hundred and eighty millious doilars are required to be held by the bauks constantly in legal tender notes as a& reserve pereeutaye of their circulation and deposits, and that this amount is “a gratuitous loan to Wie govern- ment. The banks get no interest on it. It is so much of their capital unproductive, invested in non- doterest bearing notes of the government,” and lie therefore thinks tuat ta public estimation nine mil- Mons of the interest paid by the government on this ene hundred and fifty millions shonid not be con- sicered as received by the banks, because the law requires theiu to Lold one hundred and fifty millions of jegai tenders as a reserve. If the hundred and fifty millions of legal tenders held as areserve by tue banks are a gratuitous loan to the government, Why are 00¢ ali legal tenders alike loau, and why should not all the paper currency be of like charac- ter because the cheapest and the best? But the banks do not, in fact, make a gratuitous loan of thetr legal tenders to the government. For- bidden to use their reserve in their own business, they remit it to New York, where 4613 not held in reserve, but 13 loaned to siock bro- Kers and speculators, Receiving interest on the amount under the name of a deposit, they really loan Mt on call to tae city banks, which in their turn loan it at u hizhcr rate Of interest. AS soon as it is dis- covered that unuer the practical workiugs of any law affecting capital there is a loss of profits the law is at once ingeni usly changed, as§was done in regard to Unis legal tender reserve. By the Jaw of March 2, 1867, two-fifths only of the required reserve need be kept im legal tenders, the lance could be be held in interest-paying securities. Now, of what benefit to the people is the national banking sys- tem? The money they loan to the government is of no higher value than the money loaned by others, and therefore as creditors of the government they are entitled to no higher consideration. But they furnish a stable, unuorm currency, it is said, Is their currency any better, any cheaper than that fur- nished by tne government itself, or any more uui- form in vaiue? For the best of their currency they Promise to pay legal teuders—greenbacks—said by them to be the worst of governinent securities. If we substitute the government currency Jor the cur- rency of the banks we save nineteen uilllions a year interest in gold, and have a better currency than they can furnish, The Revolution Still Pending. Bx-Lieutenant Governor Stanton, of Ohio (radical), tm @ speech delivered at Parkersburg, West Va., on the 6th instant, spoke respecting the pending revolu- tion and the conflict between iabor and capital as follows:— ‘This country is now really in a state of revolution, and the idea that because hostilities are suspended and there are no longer contending armies in the field that, therefora the war is over and this con- troveray is ended 1s a great mistake. The history of no nation is an entire thing. You cannot cut it up into sections and take the history of a year, or of ten years, and look at it separa! and unconnected with what has gone before and what is to come after. Every act is preceded by something that has eaused it, and from Which something else will here- after originate. Hence, when you undertake to look at measures of administration and puniic polity, as isolated measures, unconnected with the state of things that has given riseto them, aud unconnected with what is likely to grow out of them in the future, you can have no coirect comprehension of such measures of administration. To have any correct appreciation of any given line of policy you must rst inquire as to what cansed it—what necesstty there was for it. You cannot comprehend it without you do. Now here we are, just at the cloze of a gi- gantic rebellion, engaged in the restoration of the country to a state of peace, harmony and prosperity, if possible. ‘fo enable you to understand and com- prehend fully those measures that are to be adopted, or that you are called upon to consider, you must book back to the causes ont of which our difficulties have arisen. You have had a war, but our demo- eratic friends generally ignore it. If you were to hear adozen democratic speeches ) hear froin them that there had been any war since the war of 1812, Sut I apprehend that there are men here who have not forgotten it. What was the war bout? You cannot unnerstand what measures of ablic policy are necessary for closing Breaches created unless you know what the war was about. TAE IRREPRESSIBLE CONFLICT. 1 have been for a long time a convert to the heres: Wf it be one, anvounced by Mr. Seward long before war began, that this country conid not perpetually exist one-half slave States and the other half free— that there was an irreconcilable antagonism between free and slave iabor—that the country ninst be all slave or all free territory, or the country wonld be divided into two seeions, one slave and the er free, ‘This, tn my judgment, ts the origin and whatever you may say about the partioular acts, ‘aska bill and other matters of legivt ot the war itself was unavoidable in this ¢ It might have by brought on coneHable a gion that gave rise to any Kansa there ts an sand slave labor, Witch must forever: prevent them froin existing in harmony together, Out of tht. grow the War, and the war ttseit was the wn vidabie result of that condition of things. Underty- fig ali political economy and all social orgunization liew the quest.ou © tions of capitul and labor. It so happencd—no matter how or why—as in all countries ad in all ages that @ large proportion of the capital of the country has been concentrated ua tively small portion of ihe people have It has aly labor A be iu OWN Man, Controlling his own earnings, bis own person and destiny. Mr. Stanton here contrasted the systems of free and slave labor in their relations to poiitics and capital as they existed before the war, and then arited into the tariff question:— Now, these two aystems before the war commenced Were represented ih Congress, aad among We powers of the national governinent there were some thi could be exercised to a great extent #0 a8 to aid in the dev @ labor civilization or in the develop ‘e Inbor civilization. Por in- stance, as long ago as 1832, I recollect, the question arose about the (ar Mas to whether it was not due :o the agricuitural and mechanical interests of this country that it should have daty jaid upou imported gorgs 90.88 to put tne labor of thes country upon & footing with the labor of other cows /res, Without It the laboring man was exposed to competition of the pauper iabor of Europe. Now, the theory of our free labor Was this:—( belonged to un agricultural community exclusively, and looked at it from an agricultural point of view. Gur raw jcultural products need a market near home, so that it need not be eater*up by distant transportation. If we send it (our Wheat, corn and beef) to Liverpool be- fore it reaches the consumer one-half of its valne goce into the hands of the transportation agents, and it feeds the iron men of Waies, and their rali- road iron is imported into West Virginia and laid down on the rairoad from Parkersburg to Baiti- more. Now, we said, if you will give usa tariff, so that we will be able to manufacture railroad tron in- stead of bringing it here from abroad, and thus re- eve us of transportation, we will be abte to sell it for twice as much. We said to them, we have to sell our corn for twenty-five cents. Give us domes- tic consumers, save us the expense of distant trans- ovtation and we Will be able to sell at fifty cents, int Mr. Calhoan suid we don’t want that; we want +0 buy ai twenty-five cents to feed our ni re with, He didn’t want a tari; he didn’t want labor, well paid, because he had to pay for it, Again, we suid, fer the West:~-Here i# @ vast bite domain, lying uncuitivated, which the government im welling at $126 an acre. It will be @ great deal better to give it away to every mau who has @ fam- ily—it will be better to give it to every young man M Virginia, for instance, who will take a wi and go out and’ settle npon a quarter section and im gw it. That was the Homertend law, and we were favor of such \aw wherever Sree prevailed, mm the people, and so do railronis | NEW YORK HERALY, TURSDAY, gaid:—We don’t want sections; we have our thouswuiy of nana, andl us go into your free territory, we will do it, Butas to ‘ing @ quarter secsion for each landhoider that ’t amount io shucks. The consequence of thiz free labor policy would be to ex- tend free labor institutions and give them contro! in the councils of the nation, and crush out stave labor Civilization, Such were some of the sources of dis- cord that prevailed, ail originating, as I think I have shown, these two systems of civilization, The speaker closed this branch of his subject by. contrasting the eifects free and slave iabor had ex- cited, respectively, on Massachusetis and old Vir- ginia, the former, with every advantage, having constantly improved in wealth, population and every element of prosperity, while the latter, even bofore the war, became so reduced and its soil so unpro- duetive that in large portions: of the State no sign of animal or vegetable life could be seen, except here and there a famished grasshopper, sitting on & naked muilen oak, with tears in ins eyes. 1 have run over these leading thoughts for tie purpose of showing that the war grew out of the contlict of these two systems of civilization, and that because the free labor system was the strongest, having the elements of national power, it conquered iv the ere, Very well, say these gentlemen, slavery is abolished; now, why make any more fuss about it? T understand Lpertocnty well that by the proclamation of President Lincoln and the constitutional amend- ment slavery does not existin the United States, But 1 kvow another thing. I know that those habits and manners, and customs and dispositions which slavery engendered have not been obliterated, ‘they remain as they were. Although slavery is & nosed the trail of the serpent i# over that coun- ystis, VIEWS OF CHIEF JUSTICE CHASE. Mis Charge to the Grand Jury of West Vir~ giniaThe Fourteenth Amendment end the Public Debt. Chief Justice Chase delivered the following charge to the Grand Jury for the district of West Virginia at the opening of the court at Parkersburg last Thurs- day:— GENTLEMEN OF THE GRAND JuRY—You have been selected among your fellow citizens for your intelli- geuce, your impartiality and your int ity to inquire concerning offences against the United States within the trict of West Virginia, Your general duties are sufficiently defined by your oath, which bin you, under the most solemn obligations, to present no one from envy, hatred or ill will and to leave no one unpresented from favor and affection. The same oath binds you to Giligens inquiry as well ag true pre- sentiment. You will not acquit yourselves of these ob- ligations by slight or careless investigations. You must not be satisfied by acting upon such cases only as may be brought before you by the District Attor- ney or by members of your body, to whom know- ledge of particular offences may have come, Your authority and your duty go much further. You may and you should summon before you officers of the government and others whom you may have reason to believe possess information proper for ) our action, and examine them fully, Oiicers connected with the collection of internal revenue, and assessors and their snbordinates may, with special _propricty, be thus examined. In respect to the mode and ex- tent of your inquiries, your own good sense will be your best guide. The’ District Attorney will always ready to aid you with information on matters of law, and the Court, also, will take pleasure in re- sponding to any inquiries you may see fit to make. There are three subjects, and, 80 far as we are at Present advised, only three subjects, to which it 18 necessary to direct your particular attention, The first of th is the faithful execution of the Internal Revenue laws. The war in which the nation bas been recently engaged for the preservation of the national Union and goverament endangered by re bellion made the contracting of a large debt inevi able. This debt isthe price of our national exist- ence aud binds irrevocably the good faith of the peo- ple. Its inviolable obligation has been recognized by a soleinn act of the uation in adoptiug the fourteenth amendment of the constitution of the United States, which declares that the validity of the’ public debt of the United Siates authorized by law, including debts incurred for the payment of bounties for ser- vices in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned, There are differences of opinion as to the mode of payment required by the Aimerican people through their government, but nobody questions openly, it any body at all, that the debt coniracted must be paid, and paid in perfect good faith, The law of the amendment, that the validity of the national debt shali not be questioned, was already written upon the hearts of the people before they made it part of the constitution. To provide for the reduction and final payment of this debt and for the annual expenses of the government taxes are necessarily imposed. In other words, the equal proportion to be contributed by each citizen 16 ascertained by law. He who withholds his just pro- portion deprives the rest of the people of exactiy the amount withheld. His fraud operates as theft. ‘The sum total necessary to meet the obligations of the nation must be raised. Fraud upon the revenue does not reduce that sum, it merely shilts the bur- dens evaded by the fraudulent upon others who pay their full proportion, Ajl houest men, therefore, have a common canse against the dishonest. You, genulemen, represent the honest men, and it is your duty to see that no defrauder of the revenue who can be bronght to justice es- capes merited punisument. The higher in office and the higher in social position the delinquent may be the More unremitting and searching should be your diligence in inquiry and presentment. Some of the observations just made might be properly enough repeated upon the next topic to which I must invite your attention. TI refer to counterfeiting. It is to be Tegretied that the currency of the country now con- sists Whoily, or almost wholls, of paper; but it is not the jess important on that acconnt that the peopie should be protected, as far as possible, agains) coun- terfeiting. Whatever the currency of any country may be, payments must be made in It and exchanges eifected through ii, iis practically the common measure of values. Whoever imposes a counterfeit doliar on the public robs successively all who take it ja payment. Counercieiting is continuous robbery, and if robs chiefly tose who are least able to bear the loss, Occasionally men are defrauded by counterfeit money on large transactions, but the principal sufferers are laboring men, whom it is the peculiar duty of government to protect from wrong. You will be Vigilant, geutieinen, in your investigations concern- ing this class of crimes. What remains to be said concerns orfences against the Post Office laws. Under our benignant system of government the means of cheap and treqnent intercourse between the most disiant parts of mie republic are provided; relatives and friends separated by the breadth of the Conti- nent correspond freely with each other. Correspon- dence is nearly as cheap as talk, and not only do the mails convey messages of afiection, science and aiso the: agents of immense pe- by remiitances of bills of ex- change and smal! government money orders. Yo see at once how important it is that the jaws which regulate this vast Interchange should be faithfully execnted ant we are confident that nothing more is needed to insure your best endeavors to detect and bring to juatice ail those whose crimes and offences deprive ile people of the great Lenehits wuieh Unese Jaws are Intended to secure, Lawiessness in West Virginin—The Registre Law. ernor Boremman, of West Virginia (radical), in aspeceh delivered at Parkersinirg last week referred to the condition of affairs in that State as follows:— au here to apeak to you of the lawlessness which prevails in our State, throngh secret and open or- ganizations, the object of which is to work npon the evil element tor the destruction and overthrow of ent aud laws. Ku Klux assassins are our govern abroad i your laud, and 1 receive letters tally which are sent to me from various counties where i thr ed and terrorized over, werpor read a a icholas county did not desist from ¢ referred to the speech of wt othe Wh y of last Janoury, advocating the regisiry officers, as published in both the Wheeling papers: and also the speech of General Jackson, on the sawe day, proposing w force a pew: government on West Virginia and run it regardiess of Gre lawtuily existing State organization, A paper muting thi ionel Registry law. B.A. Sin h, Convention, op the oth mobbing of in Jefferson county puliy stunted that the rebels inten: » vote at the next election, in spite of the Regisiry law. All these thing* mean something. au here to-nigit to assert solenin ly that this Registry law is a just ane righteous law and as fairly executed thronghout Wes! Virgie as any law on our statute books. re will occasionally be made in the ex- ecution of all humane laws. Half the speeches and editorials of the opposition are made to uppiy to this muuch-aonsed Registry law, in pursuance of a regular ian of operations to compass its forcible overthrow. it aii corresponds with the destructive policy ai nouncer by Mr. Blair, their candidate for Vice Prost. deat, South Carolina Democratic State Convention. ‘The following resolutions were adopted by the Democratic State Convention of South Carolina, in session at Columbia last Friday:— Whereas the democracy of South Carolina have yse of casting the ly berry tye Rhu’ Vico President of the United States, and for recently promt t Cite party tn convention Pit By and we ‘10 Grae cea Lora tat hans facta for President dent of the United Resolved, That the course by the delegates who. represented the Sou! in the selection of and ve ent and the adoption of a Resolved, That whust we enter out a ti an 1 inatru. the reform we need. teams tha tty J ‘we invite all voters of the Btaie to ‘Bnite with ATO bart? of the conntry im 2 grand effort now being made tr sa stitutions of our fathers, to secure (y toration of the Union aad topo the rey more upon a career of honor, peace sud prosperity. Resolved, ‘That the President of the ‘nite States, Andrew Johnson, in exercising th of his Digi onice in resisting the aguressions of Congrosa npon the constitutional rights of the States and people, [8 entitied to the gratitude of the whole. American le: and in behalf of the democratic party of mth Carolina we tender him our Uninks for his pa- triotic efforts in thar eh, fe Resolved, That our acknowledgmenisare due, and are hereby tendered, to all those generous spirits of the North—citizens, soldiers and sailers—who, amid the storm of radical passion and prejudices, have raised their voices in behalf of our insulted and out- raged section. Resolved, That the State Central Executive Com- mittee be authorized to fll all such vacancies as may occur by death, resignation or otherwise in the ticket of the Electors for President and Vice Presi- dent af the United States, or take such action as red pay find proper to the success of the democratic icket, POLITICAL AFFAIRS IN MARYLAND. ‘The Presidential Campaign in Marylnid—Rad- jenl Democrate—The Conservative Mov: ment and gts Defeat—Who Are the Oftices holders¢—Rebel Refagecs—Feeling of the Conservatives—Social Condition of Society Affected by Political Affairs, BaLrimore, August 9, 1868. Tam not silly enough to suppose what excited politieians—especially self-interested partisans—say is all gospel. The ceaseless theme of democrats through their journals and orators is that the safety of our country depends upon the success of their party, Those in opposition likewise preach the same doctrine, I am not a believer—nor is any sensible man—that one political party, constituted as parties now are, can preserve the integrity, unity and safety of a nation like ours; nor should its destinies be entrusted to such keeping. There is no class of men in whom less reliance can be placed than in politi- cians, They are all demagogues, self-ambitious, untruthful and not to be trusted. Falsehood and misrepresentation belong to their professton. They are unscrupulous, and in nine cases out of ten dishonest. It is the cry now ot the democrats, from Seymour down to the lowest pothonse brawler, that their Presidential candidate must be elected and the country placed in the keeping of democracy, or all is lost. Whether thia party be triumphant or not there may stiil rest an abiding faith that we are safe. Extreme radical- ism is playing the same senseless game. These peo- ple write and talk as if the great sovereign masses who vote were fools. In this State and city a similar course was pur- sued, which proved effective in causing a change, and we are now ruled by the men—radical demo- crats—who proclaimed social and political destruc- tion unless they got into power. They obtained control, and instead of things being better they are worse, There is more profligacy, less honesty and patriotism, with greater extravagance and a worse condition of society, socially and politically, than even under the extremest phase of fanaticism. If, therefore, the central government should fall into the keeping of a party such as at present existing here we shall have departed widely from either a pleasant or congenial state of aifuirs, Let me come, then, to the facis and reasons upon which 1 found these as- sertions, Our people some two years ago, or soon after the war closed, were grossly decelve: Those conserva- tively inclined, who hed been Union men and sus- tained the government, either by money or by tak- ing part, directly or indirectly, in the army, being anxious for peace, consented to unite in acon. e movement with the democracy. By this $a controlling power in public affairs was finaliy secured against the then existing extreme faction. It was supposed we had compacted a com- tion, strong, patriotic and loyal, that would go for burying the hatchet; whose members would for- get and forgive, let bygones be bygones and hence- forward aci in confidence and candor towards each other, Unfortunately, soon as our democratic allies discovered their strength, finding they could muster recruits from other sourees—the absolute rebels and their sympathizers—they broke faith, ignored con- servatives and went in for warming the old serpent— “Jocofocoisin”—into iew life. ‘This they did, and that il uating reptile speedily found itself resuscl- tated. Straight-out democrats were clected to al- most every omice in the State—excepting many returned rebels—which they now fill, and in not a few instances abuse, Netiher Union men nor conservatives were any longer respected, shown tle Jeasi favor or given the slightest chance. So great, indeed, was the desire to appease traitors fresh from. Je Davis’ dominions and Lee's army that good and true men, democrats as well as wervatives and Moderate republicans, were set aside and totaily overiooked in the dispensing of omicial and other favors. It has now become almost patent that unless an applicant for office can establish beyond reasona- ble doubt he has either actively participated in the rebel army or warmly supported that cause, in sym- pathy or substantially, he need not hope for advance- ment, scarcely resp fui notice. The judges of all our courts Were uncompromising secessionists, one of them graduating in Fort Warren, the other on General Lee's staff, All the clerks aud subordinates of th jadictal tribunals are similar in Southern ities, not a few of whom were down in Dixie lion, The Sherif (Davis) also had ais ri ‘ort Warren for alleged disioyalty, Thns it will be seen the Baltimore judiciary, as it is like- wise throughout the State, hens pointedly towards what was the rebellious class. How secure loyal men tay be when brought before ft, with bitterness of feeling still existing, and what their chances are for strict, even-handed justice, is more easily imag- ined than realized, Our municipal government seems almost like a transfer to the Monumental City of Jet? Davis’ Rich- mond clerks, Mosoy’s men, Lee's soldiers and Stoue- wall Jackson's pets. The dierent departments are Iterally packed with such parties asofticials. Mayor Banks himself was and is a thorough Southern Rar liis private secretary commanded a rebel regiment, and his special contidential messen- ger fought four years under the guerilla Mosby to destroy our country. His eity counsellor and sceret adviser pronounced a feverish speech in favor of secession here just before the 19th of April and soon afterwards betook himself to Dixie, remaining there as Judge Advocate to convict and punish Union men until after Lee’a surrender, These are only a few of such officials. Many more might be m tioned. are legion and. swarin like bees every- where, One would suppose an asylum for rebel refugees, who, failing (o destroy, now come as pensioners upon our public bounty. This extraordi- nary favoriticm, however, shown to these self-expa- triated individuals, has already begun to cause seri- ous dissatisfaction, even among the democrats . The home boys who worked hard in aney of getting some return by way of ap- ent, or oMctal favors, find themselves wholly i, und seme first rate broken down Dixie jing the places they worked for, voted for oped toobiain. ‘This has caused very serious grumbiing—complaints loud and stron, ad the lndleatt re it must sadly reduce the number of votes heretofore eaiculaied upow for Seymour and Blair. Uitrmately, and before ver it will un- questionably gverthrow the democratic party im Marylaod. ‘The social condition of society, owing to this as- cendancy of revel seutiment, is, I assure you, far from being pleasant. His atelancholy trith that iM consehuence thereof those who were and still are Joyal to Weir country, who supported the Union cause, or took active patt in the federal army, are almost obliged to deny their opinions or refrain fro: Xpreasing them in apprehension of being either society or ostracived m business. A dealer & at ail for custom from secessionists has to ty. Im soctal wall r where friends pied conversa ot be carried on ten minutes without so i, offensive velng said against either the government, the Union or those Who support it, Northern people and those who pro- claiin themselves love! ind no congenial companion. ship when rebels are present. it has become almost a Hxed purpose to break down and drive oul, by wit holding patronage from therm, inen who my a clare their preference for Grant and Colfax. Th same hanghty. disioval and overbearing epirit man fested during tue War, bul was then curbed to some extent by fear, now prevails openly, boldly, There are many Union men, ander these cireuinstances, who reftain (rom taking any active part in politic Others again are pass IL fe altogether a most nn. comfortable comiition of affairs, galling to the in- most souls of citizens who were born to independ- ence. When the democrats hold meetings they can scarcely raise an audience, tniess it is announced some rampant, fireeating rebel general or z rebel who fought and used — his influence to destroy our country and disgrace its fag, ade Hampton drew an immense assemblage and brought down thunders of use when he p.onounced the “lost cause” a one and the lost rebels sacredly em- —_ HS memory for po? Sond fo 9 be an jee omer may do very well to please those of chivairic ideas wh would have rejoiced at see. ing Ake Southern con! establimned, bat it will oult, mueh adinire Willing 9 be, a slorded over and Tonthige' tt Ws about. tine for’ them tor aet fake in ince etn See for tie'Union, aha made sacrifices in ‘and tree. sure to maintain jt, They, therefore, wish to see the already forsaken the party on account of thé attemptto crowd so much ‘extreme Southerniam upon them. Contest in Maryland, | {From the Warhingioa Star, utah the tuot that the denne a #0, sweeping! jarge HY that there would vot fi wanteted y eomtest thera in November to bring out the i AUGUST 11, 1868—TRIPLE SHEET. the leaders of thet part’ are or- o38 and ive ss of the to runnia eymour f , 1 put Marytund im a position to noe felt with the incoming admin- istration, which administration every Maryland democrat, infected, pernaps, by te une epinions of Montgomery , delieves implicitly witl ba Seymour 2nd Biair, ‘They estimate that the vote of the State Will reach 110,000, and of this they are not willing to Coucede to Grant more than from 16,000 to 20,000. The total vote of Maryland for Governor in 1867 was %5,492; majority of Oden Bowie over Bond, 41,712. In 1964 the whole vote for President was 72,392; Linco!n's majority 7,414. In 1860 the whole vote for resident was 92,142; demo- cratic majority, 87,551, in 1868 both branches of the Legislature were unanimonusty democratic. In fact not @ single republican candidate was elected, we betters, to any executive or legislative oflce in the a ‘The main point of interest this year will be in the contest in the democratic ranks for Congressmen in the different districts, As nomination this year 18 equivalent to an election the contest will be mainly in the primary meetings, which take place the last of this month, to elect delegates for the nominating conventions, which nieet all through the State on the 9th of September. The State Democratic Con- vention to nominate an electoral ticket and prepare for We canvass meets in Baltimore on the 3d of Sep- mber. In the First Congressional district (Eastern shore) the competitors are numerous, Among them are Hiram McCullough, of Cecil, the present member; Daniel M, Henry, of Dorchester, and Samue! Hemble- ton, of ‘Talbot. The chances seem to lie between Hambleton and Henry, both strong mon, as MeCul- Jough has served the two terms which, according to Marnang usage, is allotted to a Representative in gress. In the Second district (Hatford county and por- tions of Baltimore city and county) Stevenson Archer will doubtless be renominated, ag he has served but one term aud there scems to be no disaffection to him. In the Third district (thirteen wards of Baltimore city), the contest will be between Governor Thomas. Swann, Robert J. Brent and Chris, A. Buchanan. The recently appointed Senator, Pinckney Whyte, was a candidate lor Congress in this district, and, according to Baltimore gossip, his appointment to the Senate by Governor Swann was with a view to getting him out of the way of competition with him- self for Congress, It is probable that Swann will get the nomination. In the Fourth district {Upper Maryland) the candidates are J. Philip Roman, of | Alleghany; A. K. Syster, of Washington; William P. Maulsby, of Frederick, and Frederick K. Nelson, also of Frederick. The contest seems to lie between Roman and Syster, with the chances in favor of Roman, as Syster has the aisecaaee of belonging toa Gee J already represented in Congress by the election of Senator Hamilton. The contest in the adjoining Fifth district has some local interest from the fact that several of the candidates named are gentfemen well known in aagiea. Among the names presented are Joseph H. Bradley, Sr., Wiliam Dove ‘Mormienly in the Plamping business in this city), Judge Samuel H. erry and E. B. Prettyman, of Montgomery county, and the present incumbent, Frederick Stone, of Port ‘Tobacco, Mr, Stone will undoubtedly be renomi- nated on the two term principle. POLITICAL NOTES. In Ohio the following nominations have been made for Congress:. Dist, Repudlicai 1—*Bentamin By 2—Job b. Steve 4—*Willam Lawr 6—Jolin A, Sinith: 7—Joln J. Winans. 8—John Beatty. 9—W. H. Gibson. 10— u—*John T. W 12—N. G. Turney. 13—Charles Cooper... i — - 15—E, Il, Moor 16—*Johin A. Bingham. 17—J. A. Amble i8—W. H. Ups 2 i9—*James A. Garfield *Renomimated, In the Third and Fifth districts no nomination has yet been made, In the Third General R. C. Schenck will probably be renominated. Vallandigham, Gene- ral Durin Ward and others are candidates for the democratic nomination. P. P. P.—*Pollard’s Political Pamphlet,” which the weil known historian of the “Lost Cause” and of the “Lost Cause Regained” proposes to pablisn in the city of New York, will be devoted to reviews of events and of leading men of the politics of the day, and will offer, moreover, certain attractive features as a contemporary historical record similar to those which used to characterize and lend value to “Nile’s Register.” Mr. Pollard says in his pros- pectus that the design “stands midway between the daily paper and the monthly.” The editor intends to supply by it ‘a conspicuous want, particularly in the present political campaign.” His aim is “to make of public affairs a noble and refined study rather than the capital of narrow and self-interested parties"—an object worthy of commendation from all independent journals, The modes of publicity vary greatly in different countries, and it remains to be seen If the vigorous pen of Mr. Pollard will natu- ralize among us “the pamphiet” which in Europe, and especially in France, has become a powerful in- strument for affecting and even creating public opinion. ‘The radical candidate for Governor in Kentucky did not carry even his own county. The democratic nominations in Kansas are:—For vernor, George W. Glick; Lieutenant Governor, Maxwell McCaslin; Secretary of State, Wilson Shan- non, Jr.; Auditor, Gotleib Schauble; Treasurer, Allen McCartney; Attorney General, Ross Barnes; Supreme Judge, W. R. Wagstarr. It is—says the Sacramento Union—s noticeable fact connected with nearlyall the democratic meetings which have been held in California since the nomina- tion of the Tammany revolutionary ticket that the leaders—marshals, presidents, vice-presidents, sec- retaries and speakers—are of the old original seces- sion element, who clung to John B. McOonneil in 1861, and voted for Breckinridge in 1860, who always stuck to it that the war to save the Union was iegal- ized murder, and that the real patriots were the ‘rebels, ‘The vote of Kentucky at the three lust genera! elections was a8 follow. In 1864 the Presidential vote wa) McClellan (democrat) Lincoin (republican). Democrat, 8. F. Carey. » John 8S. Leedman. Nelson Barrere. + John H. Thomas. + Warren P. Noble. Truman H. H . John Sanni 2 *P. Van Trump. + George W. Morgan. . L. R. Critchfeld. . M.D, Follett. . J. M. Estep. Majority. “ 36,603 In Angnst, 1868, the vote stool thus for Clerk of the Court of Appeals:— Duval (demo ean ote da + 95,987 Hobson (radical ant turd pe TEE goloas Majority... ..66 ‘The votre last August for Governor was: Helin (democrat) Parnes (republican) Kinkead (ihird party). Majority for Helin over both his ¢ fhe republicans of California have made the fol- lowing nominations for Congress:—First district, Frank M. Risley; Second, A. A. Sargent; Third, Chan- celior Hartson. FATAL ACCIDENT ON THE NORTH RIVER. A Rowbort Run Down by the Steamer James Watt—One Man Managled and Killed, At two o'clock yesterday afternoon Henry Dealey appeared before Mr. Justice Shandiey, at Jetterson Market Police Court, and made a charge against Adolph Mason, capiain and pilot of the ferryboat James Watt, of the Christopher street and Hoboken line, for ronping down a rowboat containing the complainant aad two others, Ramed Jaimes Gordon and Bernard Keenan, by which Gordon lost hia life, ‘The afMldavit of Dealey, who is a ‘boy aged about fifieen years, charges that at the hour named Mason was in charge of the ferry steamer James Watt; that at the time the complainant and the aforesaid parties were in # rowboat on the North river, at the foot of Christopher street, rowing down the river when the Watt approacned the Christopher atrect slip. At this tnoment Keeban, seeing the boat in danger, shouted to Mason, who was in the pilot house, to stop, At t time, it is changed, the Watt was within twenty feet of the boat. The pilot alléwed the steamer to advance towards the slip and then tang the bell to reverse, but it was too Jate, The smaii boat was struck and shivered into pieces; but pot untth alter Dealey and Keenan, know. ing their danger, had ‘thrown themseives into the ‘water and started for the shore, Gordon, who could ot swim, remained in the boat, and when the pad- die wheels struck # was drawn in under the vessel's prow, Dealey further states that while he wasin the ir he observed the i of Gotom, sae spcpeing ented him to sti he same time pePd oa Fig cingung to the Weel that Gordon was c! of the vee He chargea further that the pilot of the Watt failed to ee oe for heen five min- wee he fmdavit setting Torth the above facts being Shh May tae het tain Mason. whois detained to answer charge. ROTES ABLE TOWH, Since the days when Jev.asaiem boasted of its Solo- monic temple the aceeptors of Judaisi can truth- fully say, in n> part of the world have they been en- abled to erect so magnificent a str for the observanee of their peculiar rites as the one now in course of cor jon at the corner of Forty-third street and Fifi: avenne. Itis Moorish in its phase of architectnre and pecullarly costly. ltis not probable that we shall be visited by any epideinic of a serious character this season, but this supposition should not weigh with the Board of Health or cause any relaxation in the purification of tenement houses or the cleaniiness of onr streets, We notice that a number of the byways wre return- ing to their norma! condition of Mith, Now, until we are visited by frost this should not be permitted, We notice that cholera morbus, in compact packa- ges, is for sale on almost every corner of the city. It is to be found encased in a vegetable wrapping of green, indicative of the verdancy of those who are so unwise as to use it, ‘The idea of running great seawal!s across the East river and thus throwing the body of water which from Blackwell's to Governor’s Island divides New Yew York and Brooklyn into vast docks is decidedly preferable to throwing bridges from shore to shore— commencing wo one hardly knows wicre and end- ing in some region of country that ts to be found miles back from the spanned water. The seawalls might be made continuations of streets, ‘The leaders of the two great political parties in the fleld are beginning to snuff “the baitie from afar” and gre quietly, but with untiring energy, getting their forces into fighting order, We sce that a nuin- ber of heavy patxhans, in shape of campaign papers, are being mounted on the opposing ramparts, In a few weeks the atmosphere will smell migitily of newspaper fulminating powder, which by the way contains @ large percentage of nauseating gas, That “big building” on the site of St. John’s Park ig not compieted yet. The bricklayers are, however, at work, and there is every reasonable assurance that “it will be finished when it is done!” It would be humane to permit the introduction of smoke-consuming engines on the city rallways that are laid on the avenues to Harlem river. Their speed could easily be regulated to anything that might be considered practically safe. The idea that horses would be frightened on their approach is non- sense, Once they became accustomed to them there would be no danger on that score. The law courts are taking their summer recess, and the Americus Club is in full session at its eamp- ing ground near Greenwich, Conn. The “ring” is also there, plotting little jobs for future use. We have not heard whether any of those orna- ments to tenement houses, called “fire escapes,” have been put up lately, They are certainly brilliant inventions and shonld be ronized by every one who believes in the ridiculous. THE NEW YORK HERALD, [Translated from the Omnibus of Naples, July 16.) Broadway in New York is not less celchrated than the Strond in London or the Rue Kivoll in Paris, At the great central point of the active circulation, where foot passengers, stages and other vehicles of er in one moving ross the street to facilitate the movements of the multitude, at the foot of which an important edifice presents itself, which is no other than the office of the Hrravp journal. This magnificent building is the most remarkable monument of individual enterprise that the great all descriptions are huddled togetix mass, a bridge has been thrown a American city has produced. The HERALD building, constructed of white marble, ornamented with all the flower of Italian architecture, raises its roof above all the neighboring houses and attracts the attention of the busy crowd continually passing be- fore it. Not a century ago the spot now oceupied by the HeRaLp Building only offered to view the modest roof of Hampden Hall, then one of the extremities of I agita. tors, It was there and in the neighboring felds— now known as the City Hall Park—that the violent speeches were pronounced exciting America to a where arguments provoked action; and where the men of the people struggied with where, during a warm evening in July, 1776, Independence The ora- tors of Hampden Hall were later substituted by a porated; that the old Museum, in which the city and the favorite resort of the politi revolution; where the liberty trees were raised, the soldiers of finally, the Declaration of American was solemnly read to Washington's army. King George, and notability certainly less serious, but more for it was there human monstrosities rivalled with the auimal kin, dom to draw the money from the Americans’ poc! ets. The Feejee mermaid, colossal infants, skeletons, Goiaths, 'T tive tax on str ublic curiosity. «by fire in 1865. built the present edifice at a further cost of §: What would be thought of a journalist in commen internal arrangements fully agree with the splendid exterior of the baliding. accommodation of the numero’ of the general arrangements in any of the wealthiest banki uid not be exceeded i establisiments; ail the cornices are of sculptured wood, the tables or counters of glass and marbie and the floor of iniaid marble, There the journal can be personally com- Tounicated with—that is, not figuratively, but in real flesh and bone, There can be found the general manager of the industrial department, the cashier, the employes of the advertising department and sub: scriptions, altogether quite @ little army. The ot! arts of the edifice, such as the editorial cabine ‘he conference hail and the libraries are of @ magut tude and eie¢gauce in proporiton to Weir require- ments, ‘The HERALD, Now £0 magnificentiy housed, was brought into existence in @ basement, some thirty. two years ago, where ita proprietor contented him- self With oue sorry chair to ait Upon aud Whose table Wasa plaok, no a oa by two four barrels, his moderate eapital of one or two hundred dollars just suiicing vo carry him through the week. That pro- prietor was editor, compiler—in fact, al! but the actual printer. The first number of the journal only con- tained four pages of four colamus each, and had thirty-nine advertisements, periaps al! eratuitou In three months’ time the four pages we mented in size anc the col of which were now covered wit In 1546 the pages of the ine lerwent another tion, #O that eae fed six Columns. y YORK HERALD of to-aay is a huge triple jonrnai, in folto of seventy-two colt ans, thirty-eight of which ace occupied by advertisements, The da circulation averages 10u,000 and tic annual prodt amounts to a food round tigare. The man who js the head of this fora prictor of the NEw York Hernary, te by birth, named James Gordon Bewnott in America in 1519, at Halifax, where teacher In @ school, But soon e he was employed arrived tN the pro- chunan tle landed n the various sof fortune unui the creation Sew YORK HERALD rendered hre nawe famous aiid secured hin an chormous foriune. James Cordon Bennett is a robust, elderiy man of about sixty-seven years of swers to the recl iypeof as seribe the course of hia form makes no secret; but suiMce (fo say [hat He Bucce of his owing (o his iudotilable en- ergy, the power acter, He possesses ami avenne (the Boulevard w York), fine couuuy seat, a line yacht, splendid equipages, fe.: but in the midst of all this sis) of luxury and opulence he contents himself wih the fragat regimen of an anchovite. Like Molwre's miser, he eats to live and does noi five to eat. The intrepid Bennett, like Guzman, knows no obsiacces, When the HeraLp esiablishinent was destroyed by fire, sportiy after he had started |, (ar front being discouraged, he bade deflance to nustortine, and the Henanp re-entered the fel, larger, more active, bet- ter edited, more daring and more independent than ever, Had the Phoenix limeelf become journalist he couid not have spoken from hia ‘air with more haughtiness. ‘The influence of the New YORK HERALD jastch that it may be considered the balance of power between the various parties Who dispute the government of he country. Presivient Lincoln had such @ high opinion of the influence of this joorens Soee pe Sonent + ed to purehase its support by vlfering the elevate t of Alobassudor to France to Mv. Benneti, whe, how: ever, declined the honor, The advanced age of the ator of the HxeALD does not in auy way pre- Vent him {rom taking an active part, not oniy iu the neral management, Dut also as editor of tue Te rounded by namerons assistants, in the warmth of his inspirations he moves al dictating ihe bas of articles that ave to appear in the 's paper, oul Whether written by himself or by: hordivates, manber of treating matters, of waatever recouniren, ‘One of the his digni description, is Always to be Rosh Werful ciewents of meALD. 6 the obstinacy of ite-attacken When once i$ scents a victim, like a real Scoten terrier, ries to death; ? convil of the Taner, malped Tepetition, it follows. course of ite view: litical oF otherwise, until literally driven, blow bg blow, into. ul ing of ite readers. ‘The ad’ seems to be fad y to guide the cu guide the cur. Fent of publio opinion, yay are felt in the ai foreseen y movement. 4). living u Thumb and various other exhibitions imposed their deformities as a produc- The Mnseum was de- Alter purchasing the ground for the sum of $750,000, the proprietor of the HERALD P ing operations with such an outlay? The he seven large machines that supply the daily quota of 100,000 coples of the HERALD are in spacious, airy underground apart- ments, Vast offices are on the ground floor for the public, The luxary any expense. & thongh he has many antagonists, all agree that his paper has proved a igious success. He has no equal in the art of working out current events and the ruling quostions of the day; neither does he spare ‘is large income is amply ooo in pro ing news of all kinds, from ail sou throgguoes. tie world, During the late civil war in er ca Le had correspondents on both sides, and it is awed that this braneh alone cost $: spondents of the New Yous i !y provided for, on the is never too well paid for. i fou correspondent sent ihe speech of the King Prussia, ou his Own responsiltiity, by tele- pense of $20,000, and his cratt for the pad on presentation wit fo us Halians this really app ous. THE SLAUGHTER HOUSES OF NEW YORK, The Citizens’ Association to the Board of Health—luteresting Suggestions—New Loca- tion of the Houses=Prominent Butchers Favorable to the Proposal. Civiz2Ns? ASSOCIATION OF NEw nar} August 8, 1868, To THE PRESIDENT OF THR METROPOLITAN BOARD OF HEALTA : Drak \s the Board of Health has under con- sideration the subject of locating the slaughter houses in ‘lus city, the Citizens’ Aesociation reapect- fully begs leave to offer a few suggestions thereon, impelled thereto by the great iinportance of the ques- tion and by an carnest desire to see every interest in the community carefully co lered and fully protected. ‘he whole subject musi be fully investigate|, with reference not only to the present int s by which it is anded, but also with reference to the great interests which will be created by the repid and un- paralleled growth of New York, Are we building too much upon the future when we say that the pro- gress of this cityin the past plainly indicates the development’of a city whose magnitude wil! as far Burpass all other great centres of population as the extent of territory and the elements of wealch lying behind it surpass those lying behind otler great cities? We ave to provide for the health and com- fort of millions, and ail the industries carried on upon Manhattan Island must ultimately be carefally regulated and supervised in reference to the welfare of our entire population. The whole subject of food supplies is of such vital importance to the health and well bein of our peo- ple that the Board of Health will find iiseif compelled at no distant day to take up the question inits entire length and breadth. The inteilizent and respectable bute '#, who con- trol the great balk of the capital and business, will find it greatly to their advantage to caretully review the whole fieid of their business operations and to enter into broad and comprehensive arrangements to conduct their highly important calling in har- mony With the great changes that have taken place, and which wili continue to take place from year to year, in our city. The Commissioners who were ap- pointed by the State to lay out our island remarked, in #611, in their report that tt was probable in half a century that New York would have a ovulation of four hundred thousand souls. ‘he Commis- sioners’ yiews at that time were perhaps no More below the actual development of our city than are the views of many persons at the present day upon the subject of the future development of New York. With the facts now before it would be only a temporary make-sii pensive and troublesome experiment jor \ue butchers to locate their slaughter houses much below the banks of the ilarlem river. The growtt of popuia- tion and the rapid centratization of commercial and social interesis wonld again be pi ig for their re- oval if they are not located Wisely an | in harmony with the great interests of the community, The cali- ing of the butcher 1s alike nonorabie niligpensa- bie as other catlings, and 80 lonz as tie business 1s managed in harmony with the most important in- terests of the community the butchers will be re- spected and their business wul prosper, It must be admitted by all that the time has come When radical changes must be made. A temporiz- ing, makeshift policy will only end in «issatisfac- tion, prolonged trouble, loss and annoyance to the butchers and the Ped Consideravie ingenuity would now be required to select a spot below Har- lem wi sno population exists to be afectod by the evils of slaughter houses, The Assoctation has learned with surprise that some sig) jous have been made to your Board for the seic sites in the viciutty of Fortieth street, on the North rivers. “hese proposed sites are ip the heart of our cily, near the thickly populated Lomes of the poor and the mansions of the rich, ‘The driving of cattle through the ‘stroets to abat- toire on Fortieth street would be quite as objectiona- ble as it has ever been, Whetuer approaching from the north or the south the catiie would have to travel through several miles of populo ws streets, and the danger would then be augmente a the cir- enmst. that from every quarter ive tie in droves would converge here. The auisunce will be in the best streets and avennes—viz, those best } ero ure no ear tracks. The value of the best property will thus be greatly depreciated. If the butchers ‘are iovated so low aown to they will feel, as all wis) be that its but tem: ‘y and that they will stioctly have to move azitin a& increasing population aod inereasing Inortality ju Lheir neighberlood wv them away. They wil, therefore, be unwilline to make any permanent investments of capital for iinprovements which will benefit the public hewth. Everything about the premises will be makeshitis, such as are now found in many of our ag uses, In addition te the annoyance and nulsaee occasioned by the slaughter houses themsely cheir sur- rounding» aud by the driving of vhrough the neighborhood, there Would he anotler annoyance every morning mi the tearing and f nearly three thousand butcher carts on each river coming to and going i + to distribute the meat to The association would impress upon the Board that i's whole eforia should ven) to estab- lishment of tue slaughter houses im sus is locality that the present aud future populations of a.| disiricts of our city Will be spared tie taMietions bove men- tioned. Tie best location is to be found in the low. lands of Harlem, on the riverain the neiiborhood of 1o6Ui Btr Here an abattoir tos aircady been erected which could be epeedily artauised to suit the whole slaughtering busin In such a tocation there would be little driving through the sirects, because transportavion of cattle could be effected by the water. The butchers, by vsing refrige! Second Avenue Katlroad, and upon the river, could distribuce Ui out the city sud establieh convea rs upon the at depots where the amat aiers Could be sapp.tr t iMeuity of distributing tue beef after itis prepare’ for mar- ket is Very much less than that a: the ite distri. bution thre eved through. out the is) f tHealtu: is aware th f anunals is necessarily more or yet chief injury to the heath nol 80 s from the carried on in the viewity of the # 6 houses, is and the ¥ removing stteh as fat molting, the ¢ eaning of ¢ general distribution of the offal, Se. the ses toa locality Saf! iently remote from the buay centres of business and the crowded yuiaiiou We at te same Line remove Homable aud cooateral branches all th of the trad ie ASSO) Heath will w b in au enlarged anc i uly go forward to make th changes de. (he present aud future waucs of Gis com. Mande t tunity. Keepectnily submitted te the Board of Heatth by direction of tha Executive Conmiitee of tive Citizens’ Assocacion of New York. RICHARD THE SROADWAY PAVEMENT. To "ue Foion OF Tae HeRaLy:— In Jast Fewlay’s issue of your paper complaint is Madde most justly of the negligence an’ deiay shown in the Work on the Broadway pavemeni, anc the ac- cumulated piles of broken #lone and rubbivi im ad- Vance of the paving, Which make the crossing not only difMcull and dangerous, but by making a quarry and stone yard of the sireet obstruct the more rapid progress of the work, Why shonid not the one be removed immediately when taken up and quarried for the benefit of the coutractor in some other place than the public street’ AS a taxpayer and & citizen doing business on Broadway I fully agree with you (hat some action should be at once taken to remed matter and hasten the work to completion, [ widerstand the contractor is bound to have at leas’, bivek of the foundation cleared and prepared in alvance of the pavement. At present there are not fi) yards clear. Tiearn from personal inquiry that w tractor has been constantly at War With some vf Lie Inspec: tors aince the commencement of (ie work for per- forming their duty strictly in accordance with the specifications of the contract and the instructions of the eagiaeer uuder Whose control they act. A GENUINE ARKANSAS AFPRar. county (Ark.) Pioneer describes an curred in that neighborhood as follows:— some rr between the parties, when the ile passed, and hier stepped towards Puillips When (ie later drew @ pistol ana ance Easier In the shoulder, the ball an Tue Madison ray that oc words a up tor wwe bone, La Mier then drew his Kaile, and closing in with Phil- lps cnt him severely tn five places. Wi). K. Gurley then attempted to interfere, but was prevented by Mr. Thompson and others, and then Ubiliips ran into wh Mr, Gurley following, firing twe shots at wn. Thompson §" His fluwer severely cut . Both are in adam the were the blood- jetting. erfement, of a ee Se, a ee BEN rT en RN EN nn